Synchronous cleaning of off-axis feeding high-wear solid-phase additive manufacturing device and method

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of synchronous cleaning high wear-resistant solid-phase additive manufacturing device and method of feeding axis, belong to the field of friction stir welding.It includes friction stir feeding cone device and shaft sleeve auxiliary forming device, the friction stir feeding cone device is coaxially arranged with shaft sleeve auxiliary forming device, shaft sleeve auxiliary forming device has conical storage cavity, and friction stir feeding cone device has threaded taper portion, and threaded taper portion is located in storage cavity.The cleaning process of the existing bar solid-phase additive manufacturing technology is avoided, the interference of additive process swarf to feeding process is avoided, the wear of high-strength material to additive tool is reduced, the oxide of additive component and additive tool abrasive inclusion is reduced, the comprehensive performance of component is improved, and the application breadth and depth of solid-phase additive manufacturing technology are widened.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a solid-phase additive manufacturing device and method, and belongs to the technical field of friction stir welding. Background Art

[0002] Lightweight, high-strength alloy materials such as aluminum alloys, magnesium alloys, and their composite materials, with their low density, high strength, corrosion resistance, and excellent fracture toughness and plastic formability, have become one of the most widely used structural materials in industrial manufacturing, second only to steel. However, traditional metal structure manufacturing methods, such as casting, forging, welding, and powder metallurgy, have problems such as long process flows, the need for large-scale processing equipment, and complex tooling and molds, which increase manufacturing costs and time, making it difficult to adapt to the development trends of the advanced manufacturing industry. The development of metal additive manufacturing technology, especially solid-phase additive manufacturing, has provided a new way to achieve the free design and rapid manufacturing of complex lightweight aluminum alloy structures.

[0003] The friction stir solid-phase additive manufacturing (SSM) process involves filling a non-consumable shoulder with a rod. The shoulder then rotates the rod at high speed at the same angular velocity, generating intense frictional heat and shear plastic deformation. This causes the material to soften and flow, resulting in plastic deposition on the substrate surface to form an additive layer. This process avoids the inherent metallurgical limitations of lightweight alloys, such as low melting point, sensitivity to thermal cracking, and susceptibility to oxidation. It achieves dense, fine-grained, high-strength, and high-toughness additive components. Despite this, SSM technology still faces challenges in its feeding method. First, the rod, the additive raw material, is easily contaminated with oil during processing, severely affecting the interlayer bonding of the additive component and requiring pre-cleaning. Second, the limited length of the rod makes continuous feeding difficult in practice. This is because the rod is susceptible to intense shear plastic strain during the friction extrusion process, resulting in unstable feeding and affecting the quality and efficiency of the additive component. While existing off-axis wire feeding methods have addressed the issue of feed continuity to some extent, the high cost of wire material is significant. This is particularly true in the additive manufacturing of high-strength aluminum alloys, where higher quality and performance requirements are required, further increasing manufacturing costs. Furthermore, high-strength materials severely wear additive manufacturing tools, particularly during the friction and extrusion process. The high temperatures and high pressures generated between the tool surface and the material accelerate tool wear, shortening its service life and increasing maintenance and replacement costs.

[0004] In summary, high-strength aluminum alloy solid phase additive manufacturing technology has great potential in realizing the free design and rapid manufacturing of lightweight aluminum alloy complex structures, but it still faces challenges in feeding methods and tool wear.

[0005] Therefore, it is urgent to propose a synchronous cleaning, non-axial feeding, high-wear-resistant solid-phase additive manufacturing device and method to solve the above technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the aforementioned issues, a highly wear-resistant solid-phase additive manufacturing device and method with synchronous cleaning and off-axis feeding is provided. A brief overview of the invention is provided below to provide a basic understanding of certain aspects of the invention. It should be understood that this overview is not an exhaustive overview of the invention. It is not intended to identify key or important aspects of the invention, nor is it intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0007] The technical solution of the present invention:

[0008] A synchronous cleaning, off-axis feeding, and highly wear-resistant solid-phase additive manufacturing device comprises a friction stir feeding cone device and a sleeve auxiliary forming device. The friction stir feeding cone device and the sleeve auxiliary forming device are coaxially arranged. The sleeve auxiliary forming device has a conical storage cavity that is wide at the top and narrow at the bottom. The friction stir feeding cone device has a threaded cone portion that is located in the storage cavity.

[0009] Preferably, the upper portion of the threaded cone portion of the friction stir feeding cone device is provided with a plurality of shearing portions evenly arranged in the circumferential direction;

[0010] The side wall of the sleeve auxiliary forming device is processed with a feed hole, and the inner side of the side wall of the sleeve auxiliary forming device is provided with an inner wall boss, the inner wall boss is arranged corresponding to the feed hole, and the end of the inner wall boss is matched with the shearing part.

[0011] Preferably: a stirring needle is provided at the lower end of the threaded cone of the stir friction feeding cone device, the upper end of the threaded cone of the threaded cone is connected to one end of the mounting plane seat, the other end of the mounting plane seat is connected to the cylindrical clamping section, and the side of the clamping section is processed with a clamping plane. The material of the stir friction feeding cone device includes but is not limited to high-speed tool steel, hot working die steel, cemented carbide, and polycrystalline cubic boron nitride.

[0012] Preferably: the threaded cone has a left-handed thread or a right-handed thread, the rotation direction of the friction stir feeding cone device is opposite to the rotation direction of the thread of the threaded cone, the thread of the threaded cone is a single thread, a double thread distributed along the circumferential direction, a triple thread or more than a triple thread, and the lower end face of the threaded cone is a plane, an inclined surface or an arc surface; the surface of the threaded cone is provided with a wear-resistant coating including but not limited to titanium nitride, aluminum titanium nitride, tungsten carbide or zirconium oxide.

[0013] Preferably, the upper outer side of the sleeve auxiliary forming device is provided with a mounting plane cover, the mounting plane cover is processed with a through hole, the lower end face of the sleeve auxiliary forming device is a forging plane, and the tapered stirring needle extends from the lower side of the storage cavity.

[0014] Preferably, the protruding distance of the inner wall boss is 0.1 to 2 mm, and the gap between the inner wall boss and the shearing portion is 0 to 2 mm;

[0015] The taper range of the thread taper portion and the side wall of the storage cavity is 1:0.1 to 1:10; the taper of the thread taper portion is less than or equal to the taper of the storage cavity.

[0016] Preferably: the cleaning device also includes an outer shell, an inlet, a telescopic rod, a straightening wheel, a spray pipe, a brush and a discharge port. The inlet, the outer shell and the discharge port are fixedly connected in sequence. A group of straightening wheels, a spray pipe, a brush and another group of straightening wheels are arranged in sequence in the outer shell. The straightening wheels are connected to the outer shell through a telescopic rod.

[0017] Preferably, there are four straightening wheels, two spray pipes and two brushes, the two straightening wheels on the input side are symmetrically arranged, the two spray pipes are symmetrically arranged, the two brushes are symmetrically arranged, and the two straightening wheels on the output side are symmetrically arranged.

[0018] A method for manufacturing highly wear-resistant solid-phase additive materials with synchronous cleaning and different-axis feeding is provided, which uses the aforementioned highly wear-resistant solid-phase additive manufacturing device with synchronous cleaning and different-axis feeding, and comprises the following steps:

[0019] Step 1: Based on the size and strength of the additive raw material, a friction stir feeder cone device with corresponding size and thread structure is selected. The friction stir feeder cone device and the sleeve auxiliary forming device are assembled on the robotic arm; the base plate is mounted on the workbench, and the bottoms of the friction stir feeder cone device and the sleeve auxiliary forming device are correspondingly arranged on the upper surface of the base plate 5;

[0020] Step 2: The additive raw material is fed in from the inlet, straightened by the straightening wheel, and then passes through the spray pipe and brush to remove oil and dirt on the surface of the rod. It is straightened again by the straightening wheel and then sent out from the outlet.

[0021] Step 3: The additive raw material is fed into the sleeve auxiliary forming device through the feed hole. The shearing part and the inner wall boss work together to crush the additive raw material. Under the high-speed rotation of the stir friction additive cone device, the material moves downward in the storage cavity and flows out at the forging plane. It is thermally plasticized and deposited by high-speed rotation friction with the substrate metal, and a smooth and flat high-quality morphology is achieved under the forging action of the forging plane.

[0022] Preferably, the additive raw material is a rod material, the rod material is an alloy or a composite material; the rod material is a cylindrical rod, a triangular rod, a quadrilateral rod or a polygonal rod, and the radial size of the rod is 1 mm to 20 mm;

[0023] The rotation speed of the friction stir additive cone device is 50 rpm to 5000 rpm, the travel speed is 1 mm / min to 10000 mm / min, and the feed speed of the rod is 0.1-100 times the travel speed of the additive device;

[0024] During the additive manufacturing process, the depth of the lower end of the stir friction additive cone device penetrating into the substrate is 0-2 mm, and the height of the stir friction additive cone device rising upward after completing each layer of additive manufacturing is 0.1 mm-5 mm.

[0025] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0026] 1. The present invention improves the rigidity and stability of the additive manufacturing device through the design of the friction stir feeder cone. The root of the friction stir feeder cone corresponds to the position of the rotating shear bar, reducing the risk of the additive tool breaking during operation. It is particularly suitable for additive manufacturing of high-strength and high-hardness materials.

[0027] 2. The present invention, through the design of a stir friction feeding cone device and a sleeve auxiliary forming device, can replace expensive wires with low-cost rods by feeding them through a non-axial feeding method. In addition, compared with traditional coaxial rod feeding and side-axis wire feeding modes, the present invention is not limited to the diameter and size of the rods, and has a wider range of material applications, which greatly reduces the cost of manufacturing components using the solid-phase additive manufacturing method.

[0028] 3. The present invention simultaneously removes oil stains and oxide films from the surface of the additive raw materials by adding a cleaning device. This eliminates the need for dedicated raw material cleaning and surface treatment processes, improving the efficiency of additive manufacturing for large-scale components. Removing oxide films and reducing inclusions also improves the purity and mechanical properties of the finished additive products.

[0029] 4. The present invention uses the design of a friction stir feeding cone device to achieve material transmission through the spiral structure of the cone body. Compared with threaded structures and groove structures, it has better wear resistance and is less prone to failure. It can better process high-stability additive materials such as particle-reinforced composites that are prone to wear of additive tools, and significantly extend the service life of additive tools.

[0030] 5. The present invention designs a friction stir feeding cone device with different numbers of threads on the threaded cone for different materials, which can better help match the feeding speed with the rotation speed, broaden the process parameter window of additive manufacturing, and improve the flexibility of the process.

[0031] 6. The present invention designs a boss on the inner wall of the tapered sleeve, which can effectively prevent the thermoplasticized material from returning to the surrounding area of ​​the sleeve under the action of friction and extrusion, causing blockage of the inner wall of the feed port, thereby extending the continuous working time of the additive manufacturing process and ensuring the consistency of the microstructure and performance of large-scale components. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 This is a front view of a highly wear-resistant solid-phase additive manufacturing device with synchronous cleaning and different-axis feeding according to the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the friction stir feeding cone device of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the shaft sleeve auxiliary forming device of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 4 is a bottom view of the shaft sleeve auxiliary forming device according to the present invention;

[0036] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the thread cone portion of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 6 This is an exploded view of a highly wear-resistant solid-phase additive manufacturing device with synchronous cleaning and different-axis feeding according to the present invention;

[0038] Figure 7 This is a schematic structural diagram of a highly wear-resistant solid-phase additive manufacturing device with synchronous cleaning and different-axis feeding according to the present invention;

[0039] Figure 8 It is a structural diagram of the cleaning device described in the present invention.

[0040] In the figure: 1-friction stir feeding cone device; 101-clamping plane; 102-mounting plane seat; 103-shearing part; 104-threaded cone; 105-stirring needle; 2-sleeve auxiliary forming device; 201-mounting plane cover; 20101-through hole; 202-feeding hole; 20201-inner wall boss; 203-storage cavity; 3-cleaning device; 4-additive raw material; 5-base plate; 301-entry port; 302-telescopic rod; 303-straightening wheel; 304-spray pipe; 305-brush; 306-discharge port. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention more clearly apparent, the present invention is described below using specific embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. However, it should be understood that these descriptions are merely illustrative and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. In addition, in the following description, descriptions of well-known structures and technologies are omitted to avoid unnecessary confusion of the concepts of the present invention.

[0042] Specific implementation method 1: Combination Figure 1-8The embodiment of the present invention is described. A synchronous cleaning and heterogeneous feeding high wear-resistant solid phase additive manufacturing device of the embodiment can realize continuous feeding and automatic synchronous cleaning of rods, and the additive manufacturing structure device with high wear resistance can effectively promote the application and development of high-strength lightweight alloy solid phase additive manufacturing technology; it includes a stirring friction feeding cone device 1 and a sleeve auxiliary forming device 2, the stirring friction feeding cone device 1 and the sleeve auxiliary forming device 2 are coaxially arranged, the sleeve auxiliary forming device 2 has a tapered storage cavity 203, the storage cavity 203 is wide at the top and narrow at the bottom, and the stirring friction feeding cone device 1 and the sleeve auxiliary forming device 2 are coaxially arranged. The friction stir feed cone device 1 includes a threaded cone portion 104 with a threaded conical section corresponding to the material storage chamber 203, and the threaded cone portion 104 is located within the tapered material storage chamber 203. The present invention, through the design of the friction stir feed cone device and the sleeve auxiliary forming device, can replace expensive wire with low-cost rods by feeding them through a non-axial feeding method. In addition, compared with traditional coaxial rod feeding and side-axis wire feeding modes, the present invention is not limited to rod diameter and size, and has a wider range of material applicability, greatly reducing the cost of manufacturing components using solid-phase additive manufacturing methods.

[0043] The upper side surface of the threaded cone portion 104 of the friction stir feeding cone device 1 is provided with a plurality of (four) circumferentially evenly arranged shearing portions 103; the present invention improves the rigidity and stability of the additive device through the design of the friction stir feeding cone device, and the root of the friction stir feeding cone corresponds to the position of the rotating shearing rod, which reduces the risk of the additive tool breaking during operation, and is particularly suitable for additive manufacturing of high-strength and high-hardness materials; the present invention realizes the transmission of materials by the spiral structure of the cone body through the design of the friction stir feeding cone device, which has better wear resistance than the thread structure and the screw groove structure and is less prone to failure; it can better perform high-stability additive manufacturing of materials such as particle reinforced composites that are prone to wear of additive tools. The service life of the additive tool is greatly extended;

[0044] The side wall of the sleeve auxiliary forming device 2 is machined with a feed hole 202, and the inner side of the side wall of the sleeve auxiliary forming device 2 is provided with an inner wall boss 20201. The inner wall boss 20201 is annular and is arranged corresponding to the feed hole 202. The end of the inner wall boss 20201 close to the axis side is matched with the end of the shearing part 103 away from the axis side. The present invention designs a boss on the inner wall of the tapered sleeve, which can effectively prevent the thermoplasticized material from returning to the surrounding of the sleeve under the action of friction and extrusion, causing the inner wall of the feed port to be blocked, thereby extending the continuous working time of the additive manufacturing and ensuring the consistency of the microstructure and performance of large-scale components.

[0045] The lower end surface of the threaded cone portion 104 of the friction stir feeding cone device 1 is provided with a stirring needle 105 which is not coaxial with the friction stir feeding cone device 1. The upper end of the threaded cone portion 104 is connected to one end of the mounting plane seat 102. The other end of the mounting plane seat 102 is connected to the cylindrical clamping section. The side of the clamping section is processed with a clamping plane 101. The clamping section can be connected to the rotor key of the robotic arm. The material of the friction stir feeding cone device 1 includes but is not limited to high-speed tool steel, hot working die steel, cemented carbide, and polycrystalline cubic boron nitride. The hardness and melting point of the material should be significantly higher than that of the rod 4 to ensure that its strength meets the requirements of the processing process.

[0046] The threaded cone portion 104 has a left-handed thread or a right-handed thread, and the rotation direction of the friction stir feeding cone device 1 is opposite to the rotation direction of the threaded cone portion 104. The thread of the threaded cone portion 104 is a single thread, a double thread 10401 distributed along the circumference, a triple thread 10402, or more than a triple thread. The lower end surface of the threaded cone portion 104 is a plane, an inclined surface, or an arc surface; the surface of the threaded cone portion 104 is provided with a wear-resistant coating including but not limited to titanium nitride, aluminum titanium nitride, tungsten carbide, or zirconium oxide. The clamping section, the mounting plane seat, and the threaded cone portion are coaxially and integrally arranged from top to bottom. The present invention designs a friction stir feeding cone device with different numbers of threads on the threaded cone portion for different materials through the design of the friction stir feeding cone device, which can better help match the feeding speed with the rotation speed, broaden the process parameter window of additive manufacturing, and improve the flexibility of the process.

[0047] The upper outer side of the sleeve auxiliary forming device 2 has a mounting plane cover 201, which is machined with a through hole 20101. Bolts pass through the through hole 20101 and connect to the stator of the robot arm to fix the sleeve auxiliary forming device 2 to the stator. The lower end surface of the sleeve auxiliary forming device 2 is a forging plane 204, and a tapered stirring needle 105 extends from the lower side of the storage chamber 203.

[0048] The assembly spacing between the friction stir feeding cone device 1 and the sleeve auxiliary forming device 2 is 0 to 2 mm; the distance between the inner wall boss 20201 and the inner side of the sleeve auxiliary forming device 2 is 0.1 to 2 mm, and the gap between the inner wall boss 20201 and the shearing part 103 is 0 to 2 mm;

[0049] The taper range of the threaded tapered portion 104 and the side wall of the storage cavity 203 (the inner side wall of the sleeve auxiliary forming device 2) is 1:0.1 to 1:10; the taper of the threaded tapered portion 104 is less than or equal to the taper of the storage cavity 203; the present invention adopts a detachable connection structure, and the model can be selected and replaced as needed;

[0050] The cleaning device 3 further includes a housing, an inlet 301, a telescopic rod 302, a straightening wheel 303, a spray pipe 304, a brush 305, and a discharge port 306. The inlet 301, the housing, and the discharge port 306 are fixedly connected in sequence. A set of straightening wheels 303, a spray pipe 304, a brush 305, and another set of straightening wheels 303 are arranged in sequence from the inlet to the outlet in the housing. The straightening wheels 303 are connected to the housing via the telescopic rod 302.

[0051] There are four straightening wheels 303, two spray pipes 304 and two brushes 305. The two straightening wheels 303 on the input side are symmetrically arranged, the two spray pipes 304 are symmetrically arranged, the two brushes 305 are symmetrically arranged, and the two straightening wheels 303 on the output side are symmetrically arranged; the cleaning device 3 is installed next to the sleeve auxiliary forming device 2, and the rod 4 is fed into the side wall of the sleeve auxiliary forming device 2 after passing through the cleaning device 3 and is arranged corresponding to the stirring friction feeding cone device 1. The cleaning device can remove oil and oxide film on the surface of the rod to prevent dirt and impurities from having adverse effects on the performance of the additive component, and solves the problem of requiring an additional cleaning process before the rod is added; by synchronous cleaning during the additive process, the problem of the regeneration of oxide film on the surface of the pre-polished oxide film rod after being left for a long time to affect the internal quality of the component is prevented, which improves production efficiency and improves the comprehensive performance of the additive component.

[0052] In the synchronous cleaning, off-axis feeding, and highly wear-resistant solid-phase additive method: the lower end face of the stir friction feeding cone device 1 is first in close contact with the upper surface of the substrate 5 or penetrates the substrate 5 slightly under high-speed rotation, and then the rod 4 passes through the cleaning device 3 and is fed from the feed hole 202; the solid-phase additive device moves sideways, and the walking path of the solid-phase additive device is determined according to the required shape of the additive component. After completing one layer, the solid-phase additive device 3 is lifted by the thickness of the next layer; this process is repeated continuously to achieve a continuous additive process. After the preparation is completed, the solid-phase additive device leaves the additive component and the additive process ends.

[0053] Specific implementation method 2: Combination Figure 1-8 This embodiment describes a method for synchronously cleaning and feeding high-wear-resistant solid-phase additive manufacturing with different axes of feed, using a synchronously cleaning and feeding high-wear-resistant solid-phase additive manufacturing device (hereinafter referred to as additive device), including:

[0054] The friction stir feeding cone device 1 is assembled on the robot arm through the clamping plane;

[0055] A sleeve auxiliary forming device 2, wherein the external sleeve device 2 is sleeved on the bottom of the stir friction feeding cone device 1;

[0056] A cleaning device 3 is installed beside the sleeve auxiliary forming device 2;

[0057] The rod 4 is sent to the side wall of the shaft sleeve auxiliary forming device 2 and corresponds to the friction stir feeding cone device 1 after passing through the cleaning device 3;

[0058] The substrate 5 is installed on the workbench, and the friction stir feeding cone device 1 is arranged on the upper surface of the substrate 5 corresponding to the bottom of the shaft sleeve auxiliary forming device 2;

[0059] The friction stir feeding cone device 1 comprises a vertical clamping end, one side of the clamping end is provided with a clamping plane 101, and the bottom end of the clamping end is sequentially coaxially fixedly connected with a mounting plane seat 102, a cutting part 103 and a threaded cone part 104. The bottom surface of the threaded cone part 104 is fixedly connected with a stirring needle 105, and the shaft sleeve auxiliary forming device 2 is sleeved on the outer side of the threaded cone part;

[0060] The material of the friction stir feeding cone device 1 comprises but is not limited to high-speed tool steel, hot work die steel, hard alloy and polycrystalline cubic boron nitride. The hardness and melting point of the material should be significantly higher than that of the rod 4, so as to ensure that the strength meets the needs of the processing process;

[0061] The threaded cone part 104 of the friction stir feeding cone device 1 is provided with a wear-resistant coating comprising but not limited to titanium nitride, aluminum titanium nitride, tungsten carbide and zirconium oxide;

[0062] The threaded cone part 104 of the friction stir feeding cone device 1 can be left-handed thread shape or right-handed thread shape. The rotation direction of the friction stir feeding cone device 1 is opposite to the thread rotation direction of the threaded cone part 104;

[0063] The thread of the threaded cone part can be single thread, double thread 10401 distributed in the circumferential direction, triple thread 10402 or more;

[0064] The bottom surface of the threaded cone part 104 of the friction stir feeding cone device 1 can be a plane, an inclined plane or a circular arc surface;

[0065] The assembly spacing between the friction stir feeding cone device 1 and the shaft sleeve auxiliary forming device 2 is 0-2 mm;

[0066] The shaft sleeve auxiliary forming device 2 comprises a vertically arranged conical sleeve, the conical sleeve is sleeved on the outer side of the threaded cone part 104, the conical sleeve is coaxially fixedly connected with a mounting plane cover 201, a plurality of through holes 20101 are equidistantly arranged on the end surface of the mounting plane cover in the circumferential direction, the conical sleeve is fixedly connected to the mechanical arm through the through holes 20101, a feeding hole 202 is arranged on one side of the conical sleeve, a storage cavity 203 is arranged on the inner side of the conical sleeve, a forging plane 204 is arranged on the bottom end of the conical sleeve, and the threaded cone part 104 is located in the storage cavity 203;

[0067] The feed hole 202 is connected to the inner wall of the tapered sleeve with an inner wall boss 20201, and the gap between the inner wall boss 20201 and the shearing part 103 is 0-2 mm;

[0068] The protrusion distance of the inner wall boss 20201 is 0.1 to 2 mm;

[0069] The method comprises the following steps: a synchronous cleaning device for high wear-resistant solid-phase additive manufacturing with different-axis feeding, comprising the following steps:

[0070] Step 1: Based on the size and strength of the additive raw material 4, a friction stir feeder cone device 1 of corresponding size and thread structure is selected. The friction stir feeder cone device 1 and the sleeve auxiliary forming device 2 are assembled on the robotic arm. For additive manufacturing processes requiring higher feeding efficiency for off-axis feeding, the number of cutting edges of the shearing portion 103 can be increased, and double threads 10401 and triple threads 10402 can be adopted. The base plate 5 is installed on the workbench, and the bottoms of the friction stir feeder cone device 1 and the sleeve auxiliary forming device 2 are correspondingly arranged on the upper surface of the base plate 5.

[0071] Step 2: The additive material 4 is fed into the inlet 301, straightened by the straightening wheel 302, and then passes through the spray pipe 304 and the brush 305 to remove oil and dirt from the surface of the bar. The wire brush can remove the oxide film on the surface of the bar. After being straightened by the straightening wheel 302 again, it is sent out from the discharge port 306.

[0072] Step 3: The delivered additive raw material 4 is fed into the sleeve auxiliary forming device 2 through the feed hole 202. The shearing part 103 and the inner wall boss 20201 work together to crush the additive raw material 4. Under the high-speed rotation of the stir friction additive cone device 1, the material moves downward in the storage chamber 203 and flows out at the forging plane 204. It is thermally plasticized and deposited by the high-speed rotation friction of the metal of the substrate 5. Under the forging action of the forging plane 204, a smooth and flat surface with high quality morphology is achieved. The required component shape and size are obtained by controlling the movement trajectory of the robot arm.

[0073] The additive raw material 4 is a rod material, and the rod material is an aluminum alloy, a magnesium alloy, a copper alloy, a zinc alloy or a composite material; the rod material is a cylindrical rod, a triangular rod, a quadrilateral rod or a polygonal rod, and the rod length is not limited, and the radial dimension is 1 mm to 20 mm;

[0074] The rotation speed of the friction stir additive cone device 1 is 50 rpm to 5000 rpm, the travel speed is 1 mm / min to 10000 mm / min, and the feed speed of the rod is 0.1-100 times the horizontal travel speed of the additive device;

[0075] During the additive manufacturing process, the depth of the bottom end of the friction stir additive cone device 1 penetrating into the substrate 5 is 0-2 mm, and the height of the friction stir additive cone device 1 rising upward after completing each additive layer is 0.1 mm-5 mm;

[0076] The present invention eliminates the cleaning process of the existing solid-phase additive manufacturing technology for rods, avoids the interference of chip accumulation in the additive process on the feeding process, reduces the wear of high-strength materials on additive tools, reduces the inclusion of oxides in additive components and grinding chips of additive tools, improves the comprehensive performance of components, and broadens the breadth and depth of application of solid-phase additive manufacturing technology.

[0077] Example 1:

[0078] 1. A TiB2 / 7075 aluminum-based composite rod with a diameter of 6 mm is selected as the rod 4, and a 7075 aluminum alloy plate is selected as the substrate 5. The number of cutting edges of the shearing portion 103 of the friction stir feed cone device 1 is selected to be 4, and a double thread 10401 is adopted. 2. The rod 4 is fed into the cleaning device 3 and then into the feed hole 202 of the external sleeve device 2. The friction stir feed cone device 1 rotates at a speed of 1500 rpm, travels at a speed of 200 mm / min, and has a layer height of 3 mm. An aluminum-based composite additive component is obtained using a solid-phase additive method.

[0079] The use of the above method to prepare additive components can reduce the wear of the additive tools by the hard ceramic particles in the composite material, extend the service life of the additive components, reduce the oxide film inside the additive components and the shedding and inclusion of additive tool particles, and improve the comprehensive mechanical properties of the components.

[0080] Example 2:

[0081] 1. Select a WE43 magnesium alloy square strip with a side length of 4 mm as the rod 4 and a 7075 aluminum alloy plate as the substrate 5. Select the shearing part 103 of the friction stir feeding cone device 1 to have 3 cutting edges and adopt a single thread 104.

[0082] 2 The rod 4 is fed into the cleaning device 3 and then into the feed hole 202 of the external sleeve device 2. The rotation speed of the friction stir feed cone device 1 is 500 rpm, the travel speed is 100 mm / min, and the layer height is 2 mm. The aluminum-based composite additive component is obtained by using the solid phase additive method;

[0083] The use of the above method to prepare additive components can avoid the accumulation of chips during the additive process and the blocking of the feed port, which can ensure that the additive manufacturing process is carried out stably for a long time and realize the one-time preparation of large-sized additive components.

[0084] It should be noted that in the above embodiments, as long as the technical solutions are not contradictory, the technical solutions can be arranged and combined, and a person skilled in the art can exhaust all possibilities according to the mathematical knowledge of arrangement and combination, so the technical solutions after arrangement and combination will not be described one by one, but it should be understood that the technical solutions after arrangement and combination have been disclosed by the present application.

[0085] The above only describes the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Various modifications and changes can be made to the present application by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A highly wear-resistant solid-phase additive manufacturing device with synchronous cleaning and different-axis feeding, characterized by: The invention comprises a friction stir feeding cone device (1) and a sleeve auxiliary forming device (2), wherein the friction stir feeding cone device (1) and the sleeve auxiliary forming device (2) are coaxially arranged, the sleeve auxiliary forming device (2) has a conical storage cavity (203), and the friction stir feeding cone device (1) has a threaded cone portion (104), and the threaded cone portion (104) is located in the storage cavity (203); The upper portion of the threaded cone portion (104) of the friction stir feeding cone device (1) is provided with a plurality of shearing portions (103) evenly arranged in the circumferential direction; A feed hole (202) is machined on the side wall of the shaft sleeve auxiliary forming device (2), and an inner wall boss (20201) is provided on the inner side of the side wall of the shaft sleeve auxiliary forming device (2). The inner wall boss (20201) is arranged corresponding to the feed hole (202), and the end of the inner wall boss (20201) is matched with the shearing portion (103); The cleaning device (3) further comprises a housing, an inlet (301), a telescopic rod (302), a straightening wheel (303), a spray pipe (304), a brush (305), and a discharge port (306), wherein the inlet (301), the housing, and the discharge port (306) are fixedly connected in sequence, and a group of straightening wheels (303), a spray pipe (304), a brush (305), and another group of straightening wheels (303) are arranged in sequence in the housing, and the straightening wheels (303) are connected to the housing via the telescopic rod (302); The protruding distance of the inner wall boss (20201) is 0.1-2 mm, and the gap between the inner wall boss (20201) and the shearing portion (103) is 0-2 mm; The taper range of the threaded tapered portion (104) and the side wall of the material storage cavity (203) is 1:0.1 to 1:10; the taper of the threaded tapered portion (104) is less than or equal to the taper of the material storage cavity (203); There are four straightening wheels (303), two spray pipes (304) and two brushes (305), the two straightening wheels (303) on the input side are symmetrically arranged, the two spray pipes (304) are symmetrically arranged, the two brushes (305) are symmetrically arranged, and the two straightening wheels (303) on the output side are symmetrically arranged.

2. The synchronous cleaning, off-axis feeding, and highly wear-resistant solid-phase additive manufacturing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower end of the threaded cone portion (104) of the friction stir feeding cone device (1) is provided with a stirring needle (105), the upper end of the threaded cone portion (104) of the threaded cone portion (104) is connected to one end of the mounting plane seat (102), the other end of the mounting plane seat (102) is connected to the cylindrical clamping section, and the side surface of the clamping section is processed with a clamping plane (101), and the material of the friction stir feeding cone device (1) includes high-speed tool steel, hot working die steel, cemented carbide, and polycrystalline cubic boron nitride.

3. The synchronous cleaning, off-axis feeding, and highly wear-resistant solid-phase additive manufacturing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The threaded cone (104) has a left-handed thread or a right-handed thread, the rotation direction of the friction stir feeding cone device (1) is opposite to the rotation direction of the threaded cone (104), the thread of the threaded cone (104) is a single thread, a double thread (10401) distributed along the circumference, a triple thread (10402) or more than a triple thread, and the lower end of the threaded cone (104) is a plane, an inclined surface or an arc surface; the surface of the threaded cone (104) is provided with a wear-resistant coating including titanium nitride, aluminum titanium nitride, tungsten carbide or zirconium oxide.

4. The synchronous cleaning, off-axis feeding, and highly wear-resistant solid-phase additive manufacturing device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The upper outer side of the sleeve auxiliary forming device (2) has a mounting plane cover (201), and a through hole (20101) is machined on the mounting plane cover (201). The lower end surface of the sleeve auxiliary forming device (2) is a forging plane (204), and the stirring needle (105) extends from the lower side of the storage cavity (203).

5. A highly wear-resistant solid-phase additive manufacturing method with synchronous cleaning and off-axis feeding, characterized by: The method of using a synchronous cleaning, heterogeneous feeding, and highly wear-resistant solid-phase additive manufacturing device according to any one of claims 1 to 4 comprises the following steps: Step 1: According to the size and strength of the additive raw material (4), a stir friction feed cone device (1) with corresponding size and thread structure is selected, and the stir friction feed cone device (1) and the sleeve auxiliary forming device (2) are assembled on the robot arm; the base plate (5) is installed on the workbench, and the bottoms of the stir friction feed cone device (1) and the sleeve auxiliary forming device (2) are correspondingly arranged on the upper surface of the base plate (5); Step 2: The additive raw material (4) is fed in from the inlet (301), straightened by the straightening wheel (303), and then passes through the spray pipe (304) and the brush (305) to remove the oil stains on the surface of the rod. After being straightened again by the straightening wheel (303), it is sent out from the discharge port (306); Step 3: The additive raw material (4) is fed into the sleeve auxiliary forming device (2) through the feed hole (202), and the shearing part (103) and the inner wall boss (20201) work together to crush the additive raw material (4). Under the high-speed rotation of the stirring friction feeding cone device (1), the material moves downward in the storage chamber (203) and reaches the forging plane (204) and flows out. It is thermally plasticized and deposited by the high-speed rotation friction of the metal of the substrate (5), and a smooth and flat high-quality morphology is achieved under the forging action of the forging plane (204).

6. The friction stir welding method for adaptively cleaning welds according to claim 5, characterized in that: The additive raw material (4) is a rod material, and the rod material is an alloy or a composite material; the rod material is a cylindrical rod, a triangular rod, a quadrilateral rod or a polygonal rod, and the radial size of the rod is 1 mm to 20 mm; The rotation speed of the friction stir feeding cone device (1) is 50 rpm to 5000 rpm, the travel speed is 1 mm / min to 10000 mm / min, and the feeding speed of the rod is 0.1 to 100 times the travel speed of the additive device; During the additive manufacturing process, the depth of the lower end of the friction stir feeding cone device (1) penetrating into the substrate (5) is 0-2 mm, and the height of the friction stir feeding cone device (1) rising upward after completing each layer of additive manufacturing is 0.1 mm-5 mm.

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