Marine solar photovoltaic power station and operation method

Abstract

The invention provides a marine solar photovoltaic power station and an operation method, the marine solar photovoltaic power station comprises a ship body, stepped hatch coamings are symmetrically fixed on the top of a main deck of the ship body and located on two sides of a hatch, multiple steps are arranged on the stepped hatch coamings, and multiple groups of light hatch covers are supported on the tops of the steps through limiting roller mechanisms in a rolling fit manner; the multiple sets of light hatch covers are arranged in an overlapped storage mode. The top of each light hatch cover is fully provided with solar power generation panels in a full-area mode. All the light hatch covers cover the upper space of the whole cargo hold in a lap joint mode after being completely unfolded, and power is generated through the solar power generation panel to provide electric energy for the ship. When the ship needs to load or unload, all the light hatch covers are dragged to the front end or the rear end of the ship or the length range of the single light hatch covers symmetrically arranged at the front end and the rear end of the ship, so that the cargo hatch of the ship is fully opened, and ship cargo loading and unloading are facilitated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of marine solar power generation, in particular to a marine solar photovoltaic power station. Background Art

[0002] The construction of solar power stations requires a large area for solar panels to be arranged. Large-scale solar panels have been installed in deserts and barren mountains on land, and photovoltaic power stations have also been built at sea. Ships are small, medium, or large marine and water equipment that can move. It is absolutely impossible to use cables to transmit solar or other clean energy on land and load them on ships.

[0003] At present, there are ship types that carry solar panels on the top of ro-ro ships, which can only be applied to ships with fixed roofs. As one of the types of ships, cargo ships must set up cargo holds to load cargo, so cargo loading and unloading is required. At this time, it is impossible to set up a fixed structure roof and carry fixed solar panels. At this time, it is necessary to consider the use of solar energy above the cargo hold to receive sunlight. It is necessary to design a hatch cover that can be removed when loading and unloading cargo, and a device that can quickly install solar photovoltaic panels outside of loading and unloading. In addition, another important factor that cargo ships need to consider is the load capacity, which is an important indicator for shipping companies to achieve sustainable development. If solar panels are installed, the weight of the ship will be increased to a certain extent, thereby reducing the ship's load capacity. Therefore, it is also necessary to solve the contradiction between lightweight devices and increased load capacity.

[0004] Based on this, the applicant, in the prior application: 2024118222522, disclosed a marine solar power station and operation method, and in 2024230586459, disclosed a marine solar power station. In this application, the power station is equipped with an elevated overhanging deck arranged symmetrically on the left and right, and the overhanging deck is provided with a structure of multiple tracks to support and walk the lightweight hatch cover equipped with solar photovoltaic panels, so as to realize the ship loading application of marine solar power generation. This structural form is an elevated overhanging deck, which is limited by the height of the loading and unloading dock, and is only suitable for dock operations such as container docks and quayside docks that are not restricted by height. However, due to the height restrictions on docks such as conveyor belt loading and direct loading of trucks, the form of marine solar lightweight hatch covers with elevated overhanging decks is limited. Moreover, the guide rails of the marine solar power station with application number 2024118222522 are installed on the overhanging deck and are relatively large in number. The cargo scattered when the ship is loading and unloading cargo is time-consuming and laborious to clean up due to the obstruction of the track.

[0005] In addition, when the existing hatch covers are opened or closed, all the hatch covers need to be overlapped and arranged at the bow or stern in one direction, and the opening process is relatively time-consuming. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to solve the problem that the lightweight hatch cover and solar photovoltaic power generation panel of a marine solar photovoltaic power station are not arranged on an elevated overhanging deck, the present invention provides a marine solar photovoltaic power station. This power station directly arranges symmetrically arranged multi-step stepped hatch coamings on both sides of the hatch of the main deck, and uses the top edge of the multi-step steps as a plane track for the lightweight hatch cover walking roller. In fact, no track is arranged on this plane. Its guiding structure is to add a left and right guide roller for contacting the stepped hatch coaming on the structure of the hatch side wall and the walking roller. In this way, when the lightweight solar photovoltaic power generation component hatch cover rolls longitudinally at the top edge of the stepped hatch coaming, the side walls on both sides of the hatch cover contact the left and right guide rollers of the roller, thereby achieving the guiding function, so that the entire lightweight solar photovoltaic power generation component hatch cover can roll smoothly longitudinally along the entire cargo hold range, and multiple hatch covers can be arbitrarily overlapped within the length range of one hatch cover during walking, so that the ship cargo hatch is opened or closed, and the ship can be in a normal loading and unloading operation state; When the ship needs to load or unload cargo, the lightweight hatch cover is towed to the length range of a hatch cover at either end of the front or rear end of the ship. In this way, the cargo hold hatch is basically fully opened, and the cranes on shore or other loading and unloading methods can lift the ship's cargo for loading and unloading; when the ship's cargo is loaded and unloaded, the multiple hatch cover groups overlapping within the length range of a hatch cover are towed until they reach the hatch position to be covered, and the hatch covers are distributed over the entire cargo hatch; the solar panels on the hatch cover can directly see the sunlight and connect various parts of the power generation system, and clean solar electricity can supply power to all electrical equipment.

[0007] In order to realize the above-mentioned technical features, the object of the present invention is realized as follows: a ship-based solar photovoltaic power station comprises a hull, a stepped hatch coaming is symmetrically fixed on the top of the main deck of the hull and on both sides of the hatch, a plurality of steps are arranged on the stepped hatch coaming, and a plurality of groups of lightweight hatch covers are supported by the top of the steps through a limiting roller mechanism for rolling cooperation; the plurality of groups of lightweight hatch covers are arranged in an overlapping storage manner; the tops of all lightweight hatch covers are respectively fully covered with solar power generation panels; all lightweight hatch covers cover the entire upper space of the cargo hold by overlapping after being fully unfolded, and generate electricity for the ship through solar power generation panels; when the ship needs to load or unload cargo, all lightweight hatch covers are towed to the front end or rear end of the ship or within the length range of a single lightweight hatch cover symmetrically arranged at the front and rear ends, so that the cargo hold of the ship is fully opened for cargo loading and unloading of the ship.

[0008] Preferably, the top of the cockpit of the hull is paved with a cockpit solar power generation panel, the top of the bow canopy deck of the hull is paved with a bow solar power generation panel, and the top of the stern canopy deck of the hull is paved with a stern solar power generation panel.

[0009] Preferably, all lightweight hatch covers are divided into two groups, and the two groups are symmetrically arranged on the top of the stepped hatch coaming; when the hatch is open, the two groups of lightweight hatch covers move toward the front and rear ends of the ship respectively; the number of lightweight hatch covers in the two groups is the same.

[0010] Preferably, a single lightweight hatch cover comprises a hatch cover frame, strong transverse beams and strong longitudinal beams are arranged between the hatch cover frames, vertical frames are arranged on both sides of the bottom of the hatch cover frame, and the bottom ends of the vertical frames are cooperated to install a limiting roller mechanism; a water retaining plate is arranged at the top of the hatch cover frame and at the overlapping position of adjacent lightweight hatch covers; and oblique reinforcement rods are arranged between the vertical frames.

[0011] Preferably, the outer surfaces of the hatch cover frame and the vertical frame are installed with anti-corrosion and weatherproof thin steel plates; Hatch cover gaps are provided between adjacent layers of lightweight hatch covers; An eye plate for hooking a traction shackle is provided on the outer wall of the vertical frame at the end; A flexible rubber plate is installed on the outer wall of the water retaining plate to shield the gap of the adjacent lightweight hatch cover and achieve wind and rain sealing.

[0012] Preferably, the limiting roller mechanism includes a base, a plurality of vertical axis plates are passed through the bottom end of the horizontal plate of the base, a horizontally arranged roller shaft is installed between the vertical axis plates, an open pin hole is provided at the end of the roller shaft, a positioning sleeve and a roller bearing are mounted on the roller shaft, a spacer sleeve is positioned and installed between the roller bearing and the vertical axis plate, and the roller bearing is rollingly supported on the top of the step; a plurality of horizontal axis plates are fixed on the inner wall of the vertical plate of the base, a vertically arranged guide roller shaft is installed on the horizontal axis plate, a guide roller is mounted on the guide roller shaft, and the guide roller is in contact with and cooperates with the outer wall of the step.

[0013] Preferably, a movable connection device for combined connection between adjacent lightweight hatch covers is provided, and is used for temporary connection when the lightweight hatch covers are opened or closed; The movable connection device includes a pin sleeve fixed on the outer lightweight hatch cover, and also includes a threaded sleeve fixed on the inner lightweight hatch cover. The interior of the threaded sleeve is processed with an internal thread. A threaded connecting shaft is installed between the pin sleeve and the threaded sleeve. The outer end of the threaded connecting shaft is provided with a hexagonal head, and the inner end of the threaded connecting shaft is provided with a threaded column and a tapered end. The threaded column and the internal thread form a threaded fit.

[0014] Preferably, it also includes a power device for opening or closing the lightweight hatch cover; The power device adopts a winch traction mechanism; The winch traction mechanism includes a winch arranged on the top of the main deck and located at the four corners of the hatch. The winch is connected to the eye plate on the outer wall of the lightweight hatch cover through a matching traction chain and a shackle, and also includes a guide sprocket and a steering opening sprocket for guiding and steering the traction chain.

[0015] Preferably, the length of the lightweight hatch cover is divided into an even number according to the total length of the ship's cargo hold. After the length of each lightweight hatch cover is determined, it is adjusted accordingly according to the length and width of the solar panels. The adjustment range is such that the solar panels are fully distributed on the lightweight hatch cover, leaving an appropriate distance from the edge without causing waste of area on the lightweight hatch cover.

[0016] In another aspect, the present invention provides a method for operating a marine solar photovoltaic power station, comprising the following steps: The specific steps of opening the lightweight hatch cover to open the entire cargo hatch are: Step 1.1, installation of the movable joint device: Install movable connection devices between all pairs of lightweight hatch covers on the whole ship; Step 1.2, connection of power device: Connect the power unit to the lightweight hatch cover at the last section at the other end through a traction chain and a shackle; Step 1.3, disassembly of the first movable joint device: Remove the movable connection device between the first section of lightweight hatch cover and the adjacent section of lightweight hatch cover; Step 1.4, traction opening of lightweight hatch cover: Starting the traction chain of the power device, driving the last section of the lightweight hatch cover through the traction chain, and synchronously driving all lightweight hatch covers except the first section of the lightweight hatch cover to move through the combined action of the lightweight hatch cover and the movable connection device, so that the second section of the lightweight hatch cover overlaps the outside of the first section of the lightweight hatch cover, thereby realizing the folding of the second lightweight hatch cover; Step 1.5, the next section of lightweight hatch cover is towed and opened in sequence: Initially remove the movable connection device between the secondary lightweight hatch covers and repeat step 1.4, and finally overlap all the lightweight hatch covers and place them at the front or rear end of the ship; Step 1.6. Unloading of cargo from the cargo hold: After all lightweight hatch covers are opened, the top of the entire cargo hold is in an open state, and the cargo inside the cargo hold can be unloaded at this time; At the same time, the solar light hatch cover is in an overlapping state, so the solar power generation temporarily stops working; The lightweight hatch cover is closed to seal the entire cargo hatch of the ship, and the solar panels are used to generate electricity for the ship. The specific steps are as follows: Step 2.1, connection of power device: Pass the power unit around the steering opening sprocket through a traction chain, and connect the other end of the traction chain to the last section of the lightweight hatch cover through a shackle; Step 2.2, traction of the last section lightweight hatch cover: Start the traction chain of the power device, drive the last section of the lightweight hatch cover through the traction chain, and then pull out the overlapping last section of the lightweight hatch cover: Step 2.3, installation of the movable connection device: After the last section of the lightweight hatch cover is fished out, a movable connection device between the last section of the lightweight hatch cover and the adjacent lightweight hatch cover is installed; Step 2.4, sequential traction of the second section of lightweight hatch cover: Continue to start the traction chain of the power device, drive the last section of the lightweight hatch cover through the traction chain, and use the connected lightweight hatch covers to drive the next section of the lightweight hatch cover in turn, then connect the movable connection devices step by step, start the power device one by one, and finally achieve the traction of all lightweight hatch covers and cover the hatch of the entire cargo hold; Step 2.5, normal power generation of solar panels: After all lightweight hatch covers are unfolded and the system is fully connected, the entire cargo hold will be fully covered. The solar panels will cover the entire cargo hold, and the solar panels will receive direct sunlight. The marine solar photovoltaic power station will operate to provide electricity for the ship.

[0017] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The power station of the present invention directly sets symmetrically arranged multi-step hatch coamings on both sides of the hatch of the main deck, and uses the top edge of the multi-step steps as the plane track of the lightweight hatch cover walking roller. In fact, no track is set on this plane. Its guiding structure is to add a left and right guide roller for contacting the stepped hatch coaming on the structure of the hatch side wall and the walking roller, so that when the lightweight solar photovoltaic power generation component hatch cover rolls longitudinally at the top edge of the stepped hatch coaming, the side walls on both sides of the hatch cover contact the left and right guide rollers of the roller, thereby achieving the guiding function, so that the entire lightweight solar photovoltaic power generation component hatch cover can roll smoothly longitudinally along the entire cargo hold range, and multiple hatch covers can be arbitrarily overlapped within the length range of one hatch cover during walking, so that the ship's cargo hold can be opened or closed, and the ship can be in a normal loading and unloading operation state.

[0018] 2. The power station of the present invention forms a group of movable lightweight hatch covers in the form of multiple rolling overlaps, and the hatch covers are covered with solar panels. When the ship needs to load or unload cargo, the lightweight hatch covers are towed to within the length range of a hatch cover at any end of the front or rear end of the ship. In this way, the cargo hold hatch is basically fully opened, and cranes on shore or other loading and unloading methods can realize the lifting operation of the ship's cargo for loading and unloading; when the ship's cargo is loaded and unloaded, the multiple hatch cover groups overlapping within the length range of a hatch cover are towed until they reach the hatch position to be covered, and the hatch covers are distributed over the entire cargo hatch; the solar panels covered on the hatch covers can directly see the sunlight and connect various parts of the power generation system, so that clean solar electricity can supply power to all electrical equipment.

[0019] 3. The above-mentioned dimension structure ensures that multiple sections of lightweight hatch covers can be arranged in an overlapping manner to facilitate their storage, thereby reducing the occupied area of ​​a single lightweight hatch cover to increase the coverage area.

[0020] 4. The above-mentioned movable connection device enhances the convenience of connection. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0022] Figure 1 Front view of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 Plan layout of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of a single-piece lightweight hatch cover according to the present invention.

[0025] Figure 4 A cross-sectional view of a plurality of hatch covers overlapped within the length of a hatch cover according to the present invention.

[0026] Figure 5 Structural diagram of the stepped hatch coaming (also serving as a track) of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 6 Arrangement diagram of the solar photovoltaic power generation panels on the hatch cover of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 7 A top view of the lightweight hatch cover of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 8 The present invention Figure 7 Medium AA view.

[0030] Fig. 9 The present invention Figure 7 Center B view.

[0031] Fig.10 The present invention Figure 8 Medium CC view.

[0032] Fig.11 General diagram of the lightweight hatch cover limiting roller mechanism of the present invention.

[0033] Fig.12 A side view of the base of the present invention.

[0034] Fig.13 The present invention Fig.11 Medium DD view.

[0035] Fig.14 The present invention Fig.11 Middle EE view.

[0036] Fig.15 Structural diagram of the base of the present invention.

[0037] Fig.16 Roller shaft diagram of the present invention.

[0038] Fig.17 Figure 1 shows the guide rollers for the lightweight hatch cover of the present invention.

[0039] Fig.18 Figure 1. Guide roller shaft diagram of the lightweight hatch cover of the present invention.

[0040] Fig.19 General diagram of the movable connection device of the present invention.

[0041] Fig. 20 The invention discloses a lightweight hatch cover movable connection device body.

[0042] Fig.21 The lightweight hatch cover of the present invention is movably connected to a threaded connection shaft.

[0043] Fig. 22 Schematic diagram of the movable connection device of the lightweight hatch cover of the present invention.

[0044] Fig.23 A diagram showing the closed state of eight lightweight hatch covers in the implementation of the present invention.

[0045] Fig.24 A schematic diagram of the opening operation flow of the lightweight hatch cover of the present invention.

[0046] Fig.25 A schematic diagram of the closing operation flow of the lightweight hatch cover of the present invention.

[0047] In the figure: a first lightweight hatch cover 1, a second lightweight hatch cover 2, a third lightweight hatch cover 3, a fourth lightweight hatch cover 4, a fifth lightweight hatch cover 5, a sixth lightweight hatch cover 6, a seventh lightweight hatch cover 7, an eighth lightweight hatch cover 8, a hull 9, a cockpit 10, a cockpit solar panel 11, a stern solar panel 12, a main deck 13, a solar panel 14, a bow solar panel 15, a bow canopy deck 16, a stepped hatch coaming 17, a step 18, a limit roller mechanism 19, a hatch cover gap 20, a movable connection device 21, a winch 22, a traction chain 23, an eye plate 24, a guide sprocket 25, a steering opening sprocket 26, and a cargo hold 27; Hatch cover frame 101, strong transverse beam 102, vertical frame 103, oblique reinforcing rod 104, water retaining plate 105, strong longitudinal beam 106; Base 1901, roller shaft 1902, roller bearing 1903, cotter pin hole 1904, guide roller 1905, guide roller shaft 1906, vertical shaft plate 1907, positioning sleeve 1908, horizontal shaft plate 1909, spacer sleeve 1910; Pin sleeve 2101, threaded connecting shaft 2102, threaded sleeve 2103, internal thread 2104, threaded column 2105, tapered end 2106, hexagonal head 2107. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] The embodiments of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0049] Embodiment 1: See also Figure 1-25A marine solar photovoltaic power station comprises a hull 9, a stepped hatch coaming 17 is symmetrically fixed on the top of the main deck 13 of the hull 9 and on both sides of the hatch, a plurality of steps 18 are arranged on the stepped hatch coaming 17, and a plurality of groups of lightweight hatch covers are supported by a limiting roller mechanism 19 on the top of the steps; the plurality of groups of lightweight hatch covers are arranged in an overlapping storage manner; the tops of all lightweight hatch covers are respectively fully covered with solar power generation panels 14; all lightweight hatch covers are overlapped to cover the upper space of the entire cargo hold 27 after being fully unfolded, and the solar power generation panels 14 generate electricity to provide electric energy for the ship; when the ship needs to load or unload cargo, all lightweight hatch covers are towed to the front end or rear end of the ship or within the length range of a single lightweight hatch cover symmetrically arranged at the front and rear ends, so that the cargo hold of the ship is fully opened for cargo loading and unloading of the ship. The power station of the present invention directly sets symmetrically arranged multi-step stepped hatch coamings on both sides of the hatch of the main deck, and uses the top edges of the multi-step steps as the plane track of the lightweight hatch cover walking roller. In fact, no track is set on this plane. Its guiding structure is to add a left and right guide roller for contacting the stepped hatch coaming on the structure of the hatch side wall and the walking roller, so that when the lightweight solar photovoltaic power generation component hatch cover rolls longitudinally at the top edge of the stepped hatch coaming, the side walls on both sides of the hatch cover contact the left and right guide rollers of the roller, thereby achieving the guiding function, so that the entire lightweight solar photovoltaic power generation component hatch cover can roll smoothly longitudinally along the entire cargo hold range, and multiple hatch covers can be arbitrarily overlapped within the length range of one hatch cover during walking, so that the ship's cargo hold is opened or closed, and the ship can be in a normal loading and unloading operation state.

[0050] Furthermore, a cockpit solar panel 11 is laid on the top of the cockpit 10 of the hull 9, a bow solar panel 15 is laid on the top of the bow canopy deck 16 of the hull 9, and a stern solar panel 12 is laid on the top of the stern canopy deck of the hull 9. The cockpit solar panel 11, the bow solar panel 15 and the stern solar panel 12 improve the utilization rate of light energy, thereby effectively increasing the power generation.

[0051] Furthermore, all lightweight hatch covers are divided into two groups, and the two groups are symmetrically arranged on the top of the stepped hatch coaming 17; when the hatch is open, the two groups of lightweight hatch covers move toward the front and rear ends of the ship respectively; the number of lightweight hatch covers in the two groups is the same. In this embodiment, the first lightweight hatch cover 1, the second lightweight hatch cover 2, the third lightweight hatch cover 3, the fourth lightweight hatch cover 4, the fifth lightweight hatch cover 5, the sixth lightweight hatch cover 6, the seventh lightweight hatch cover 7, and the eighth lightweight hatch cover 8 are included; wherein, the first lightweight hatch cover 1, the second lightweight hatch cover 2, the third lightweight hatch cover 3, and the fourth lightweight hatch cover 4 are a group, and the fifth lightweight hatch cover 5, the sixth lightweight hatch cover 6, the seventh lightweight hatch cover 7, and the eighth lightweight hatch cover 8 are the second thickest; wherein, the first lightweight hatch cover 1, the second lightweight hatch cover 2, the third lightweight hatch cover 3, and the fourth lightweight hatch cover 4 are located at the stern part, and are arranged at one end of the stern after overlapping, and the fifth lightweight hatch cover 5, the sixth lightweight hatch cover 6, the seventh lightweight hatch cover 7, and the eighth lightweight hatch cover 8 are located at the bow part, and are arranged at one end of the bow after overlapping.

[0052] Further, a single lightweight hatch cover includes a hatch cover frame 101, a strong transverse beam 102 and a strong longitudinal beam 106 are arranged between the hatch cover frames 101, vertical frames 103 are arranged on both sides of the bottom of the hatch cover frame 101, and the bottom end of the vertical frame 103 is matched with the installation of the limiting roller mechanism 19; a water retaining plate 105 is arranged at the top of the hatch cover frame 101 and at the overlapped part of the adjacent lightweight hatch covers; and oblique reinforcing rods 104 are arranged between the vertical frames 103. The structural strength and stability of the lightweight hatch cover are ensured by the above-mentioned lightweight hatch cover, and the installation of the solar panel 14 is realized by the lightweight hatch cover.

[0053] Furthermore, the outer surfaces of the hatch cover frame 101 and the vertical frame 103 are installed with anti-corrosion, wind and rainproof thin steel plates; the above-mentioned thin steel plates can achieve a good waterproof effect.

[0054] Further, hatch cover gaps 20 are provided between adjacent layers of lightweight hatch covers; Furthermore, an eye plate 24 for hooking a towing shackle is arranged on the outer wall of the vertical frame 103 at the end. The eye plate 24 can be used to be connected with a power device in the subsequent towing process, thereby realizing the towing movement of the lightweight hatch cover.

[0055] Furthermore, a flexible rubber sheet is installed on the outer wall of the water retaining plate 105 to shield the gap of the adjacent lightweight hatch cover and achieve wind and rain sealing.

[0056] Furthermore, the limiting roller mechanism 19 includes a base 1901, and the bottom end of the horizontal plate of the base 1901 passes through a plurality of vertical shaft plates 1907, and a horizontally arranged roller shaft 1902 is installed between the vertical shaft plates 1907, and an open pin hole 1904 is provided at the end of the roller shaft 1902, and a positioning sleeve 1908 and a roller bearing 1903 are mounted on the roller shaft 1902, and a spacer sleeve 1910 is positioned and installed between the roller bearing 1903 and the vertical shaft plate 1907, and the roller bearing 1903 is rollingly supported on the top of the step 18; a plurality of horizontal shaft plates 1909 are fixed on the inner wall of the vertical plate of the base 1901, and a vertically arranged guide roller shaft 1906 is installed on the horizontal shaft plate 1909, and a guide roller 1905 is mounted on the guide roller shaft 1906, and the guide roller 1905 is in contact with and cooperates with the outer wall of the step 18. The above-mentioned limiting roller mechanism 19 ensures that the lightweight hatch cover can move along the step 18. The roller bearing 1903 is rollingly supported on the top of the step 18, thereby realizing movement on the top of the step 18, and the guide roller 1905 can fit with the outer side wall of the step, thereby realizing lateral limiting.

[0057] Furthermore, a movable connection device 21 for combined connection of the two is provided between adjacent lightweight hatch covers, and is used for temporary connection when the lightweight hatch covers are opened or closed; the movable connection device 21 includes a pin sleeve 2101 fixed on the outer lightweight hatch cover, and also includes a threaded sleeve 2103 fixed on the inner lightweight hatch cover, the threaded sleeve 2103 is processed with an internal thread 2104, a threaded connection shaft 2102 is installed between the pin sleeve 2101 and the threaded sleeve 2103, the outer end of the threaded connection shaft 2102 is provided with a hexagonal head 2107, the inner end of the threaded connection shaft 2102 is provided with a threaded column 2105 and a tapered end 2106, and the threaded column 2105 and the internal thread 2104 form a threaded fit. Through the above-mentioned threaded connection shaft 2102, the combined connection between two adjacent lightweight hatch covers can be achieved.

[0058] Furthermore, it also includes a power device for opening or closing the lightweight hatch cover; the power device adopts a winch traction mechanism; the winch traction mechanism includes a winch 22 arranged on the top of the main deck and located at the four corners of the hatch, the winch 22 is connected to the eye plate 24 on the outer wall of the lightweight hatch cover through a matching traction chain 23 and a shackle, and also includes a guide sprocket 25 and a steering opening sprocket 26 for guiding and steering the traction chain 23. The above-mentioned power device can be used to provide power for opening or closing the lightweight hatch cover.

[0059] Furthermore, the length of the lightweight hatch cover is divided into an even number according to the total length of the ship's cargo hold. After the length of each lightweight hatch cover is determined, it is adjusted accordingly according to the length and width of the solar panels 14. The adjustment range is such that the solar panels 14 are fully distributed on the lightweight hatch cover, leaving an appropriate distance from the edge without causing waste of area on the lightweight hatch cover.

[0060] Embodiment 2: In another aspect, the present invention provides a method for operating a marine solar photovoltaic power station, comprising the following steps: The specific steps of opening the lightweight hatch cover to open the entire cargo hatch are: Step 1.1, installation of the movable connection device 21: Install movable connection devices 21 between all pairs of lightweight hatch covers on the whole ship; Step 1.2, connection of power device: Connect the power unit to the last section of the lightweight hatch cover at the other end through the traction chain 23 and the shackle; Step 1.3, disassembly of the first movable connection device 21: Remove the movable connection device 21 between the first section of lightweight hatch cover and the adjacent section of lightweight hatch cover; Step 1.4, traction opening of lightweight hatch cover: The traction chain 23 of the power device is started, and the last section of the lightweight hatch cover is driven by the traction chain 23, and all lightweight hatch covers except the first section of the lightweight hatch cover are synchronously driven to move by the joint action of the lightweight hatch cover and the movable connection device 21, so that the second section of the lightweight hatch cover overlaps the outside of the first section of the lightweight hatch cover, so that the second lightweight hatch cover is retracted; Step 1.5, the next section of lightweight hatch cover is towed and opened in sequence: Initially remove the movable connection device 21 between the secondary lightweight hatch covers, and repeat step 1.4, and finally all the lightweight hatch covers are overlapped and placed at the front end or rear end of the ship; Step 1.6. Unloading of cargo from the cargo hold: After all lightweight hatch covers are opened, the top of the entire cargo hold is in an open state, and the cargo inside the cargo hold can be unloaded at this time; At the same time, the solar light hatch cover is in an overlapping state, so the solar power generation temporarily stops working; Embodiment 3: The lightweight hatch cover is closed to seal the entire cargo hatch of the ship, and the solar panel 14 generates electricity to provide electrical energy for the ship. The specific steps are: Step 2.1, connection of power device: The power unit is passed around the steering opening sprocket 26 through the traction chain 23, and the other end of the traction chain 23 is connected to the last section of the lightweight hatch cover through a shackle; Step 2.2, traction of the last section lightweight hatch cover: The traction chain 23 of the power device is started, and the last section of the lightweight hatch cover is driven by the traction chain 23, thereby pulling out the overlapped last section of the lightweight hatch cover: Step 2.3, installation of the movable connection device 21: After the last section of the lightweight hatch cover is fished out, a movable connection device 21 is installed between the last section of the lightweight hatch cover and the adjacent lightweight hatch cover; Step 2.4, sequential traction of the second section of lightweight hatch cover: Continue to start the traction chain 23 of the power device, drive the last section of the lightweight hatch cover through the traction chain 23, and use the connected lightweight hatch covers to drive the next section of the lightweight hatch cover in turn, then connect the movable connection devices 21 step by step, start the power devices one by one, and finally achieve the traction of all the lightweight hatch covers and cover the hatch of the entire cargo hold; Step 2.5, normal power generation of the solar panel 14: After all lightweight hatch covers are unfolded, the system is fully connected to achieve full coverage of the entire cargo hold, and the solar panels 14 will cover the entire cargo hold. The solar panels 14 will be directly exposed to sunlight, and the marine solar photovoltaic power station will operate to provide electricity for the ship.

[0061] Embodiment 4: The design process of the lightweight hatch cover described in the present invention is as follows: 1. Given the total length of the cargo hold of the ship, divide it into an even number and determine the length as appropriate based on the total length of the cargo hold. 2. After determining the length of each lightweight hatch cover, make appropriate adjustments based on the length and width of the solar photovoltaic panels. The adjustment range is such that the solar photovoltaic panels are fully distributed on the lightweight hatch cover, leaving an appropriate distance from the edge without causing waste of area on the lightweight hatch cover. Its structural form uses high-strength lightweight rectangular steel pipes to make a strong frame all around, plus high-strength rectangular steel pipe strong cross beams and strong longitudinal girders, and is fully covered with a steel rainproof layer. In order to realize that the light hatch cover can be smoothly rolled and overlapped within the length of a hatch cover, the height of the light hatch cover together with the side wall and the limit roller mechanism is determined as follows: 1. According to the strength requirements, the cross-sectional dimensions of the strong transverse beam and the strong longitudinal truss are calculated and determined by the cross-sectional height of the steel tube plus the required height of the cargo in the cargo hold of the ship. The height of the first lightweight hatch cover is determined by the lowest overlapping side height of the first lightweight hatch cover plus the height of the rolling roller and the side guide roller assembly. The rollers of the first lightweight hatch cover height are arranged at the highest layer of the stepped hatch enclosure.

[0062] 2. The height of the second lightweight hatch cover is based on the first cargo hatch, plus a suitable gap between the first lightweight hatch cover and the second lightweight hatch cover when they roll and overlap, and taking into account the influence of a certain deformation margin. The running roller of the second lightweight hatch cover is lower than the next step of the running roller of the first lightweight hatch cover. Its hatch cover, side wall and limit roller mechanism are located outside the first hatch cover, and are designed with a suitable gap so as not to generate friction when the rollers are running.

[0063] 3. The same process is repeated for the third, fourth or more hatch covers. The height and width of the hatch covers are determined in the same way as above. Finally, multiple hatch covers can be rolled and overlapped within the length range of one hatch cover.

[0064] Anti-corrosion, wind and rainproof thin steel plates are installed on the left and right outer sides of the frame-type hatch cover side walls to strictly control the weight of the hatch cover.

[0065] 4. Limit roller mechanism 19 assembly: This marine solar photovoltaic power station uses a winch through a steel chain and matching parts to pull multiple groups of hatch covers to roll and overlap within the length of a hatch cover, and is located on the stepped hatch coaming of the main deck. In this design, the total thickness of multiple overlapping groups should focus on the remaining width of the side plate of the deck to facilitate the smooth operation of the crew's walking channel. Based on this, it is particularly important to control the thickness of the hatch cover side wall. Therefore, the hatch cover side wall adopts a narrow design, and the material is made of high-strength steel truss frame type rectangular steel pipe structure. Similarly, the walking roller and guide roller also adopt a narrow design.

[0066] After determining the principle of narrow design of rollers and guide rollers, double-row roller bearings are used for walking rollers. This type of bearing has high load bearing strength, small size and low cost. It can be purchased in batches and the market supply is sufficient. Similarly, the roller bearing shaft is also made of high-strength alloy steel, which is suitable for matching narrow roller design.

[0067] The guide roller is designed with a relatively flexible bronze sleeve and a high-strength pin. The integral roller and the guide roller body are made of a combination of welded parts.

[0068] The manufactured roller and guide roller assembly are welded to the lowest rectangular steel pipe longitudinal beam of the hatch cover side wall, which requires qualified manufacturing accuracy. During manufacturing, a 1:1 ship frame is used in the workshop, and the parallelism error of the left and right sides is strictly controlled within the allowable error range.

[0069] 5. Wind and rainproof sealing of lightweight hatch covers of marine solar photovoltaic power generation components. The combination form of multiple sets of roller overlapping cargo hatch covers of the present invention has multiple connecting seams between two pieces. Such seams are used to prevent rainwater from entering the cargo hold. Two hatch covers with height differences are overlapped and combined. The left and right sides of the top edges of both ends of the hatch covers and the side walls adopt raised water retaining plate structures to prevent rainwater from entering the cargo hold of the ship. A flexible rubber plate is installed on the upper end gap of the seam to further block the gap and achieve wind and rain tightness.

[0070] The hatch top and the left and right sides are made of anti-corrosion thin-plate wind and rainproof plates to reduce the weight of the hatch cover and ensure the cargo capacity of the ship.

[0071] 6. A device for positioning the relative position of hatch covers. When the multi-piece lightweight hatch covers are unfolded and closed, the ship will shake longitudinally and transversely under the action of wind and waves or during navigation. In order to prevent the hatch covers from sliding and causing displacement at the joints and losing the wind and rain tightness, the relative positions of the hatch covers need to be positioned. The present invention adopts the following method to achieve this. On the first layer, the second layer, the third layer and more layers, a base with threads is sequentially installed at appropriate positions and firmly welded to the side wall of the hatch cover. Next, a bolt with a through hole is installed at the point on the side wall of the second layer of the hatch cover corresponding to the base. The through-hole part is then matched with the positioning bolt seat according to the design requirements and is tightened with the thread of the inner layer of the hatch cover side wall through the through-hole part. In this way, a simple method is used to achieve the relative positioning of the hatch covers. According to this method, all the hatch covers of the entire ship are positioned and tightened to prevent displacement between the hatch covers and loss of wind and rain tightness.

[0072] 7. Measures to prevent sudden storms. The measures to prevent sudden storms for the solar photovoltaic power generation lightweight hatch cover of this ship are: the movable connecting ring is firmly welded on the side wall of the ship's hatch coaming and the side wall of the lightweight hatch cover, and then locked with a set screw buckle, so as to achieve a firm connection between the lightweight hatch cover and the hull to prevent sudden storms and prevent the displacement of the lightweight hatch cover due to the external force of the storm from losing its wind and rain tightness, thereby ensuring the safety of the ship.

[0073] 8. Opening and closing of the ship's solar photovoltaic light-weight cover. The opening and closing of the rolling light-weight hatch cover of the present invention is achieved by the traction of an electric winch through a professional lifting chain, a steering sprocket, an end shackle and other matching parts. The farthest end of the traction is the farthest point of the light-weight hatch cover at the farthest end. When opening, remove the movable connection device between the second light-weight hatch cover and the closest part to the winch, start the winch to connect the second light-weight hatch cover and subsequent light-weight hatch covers and roll them into the belly of the first light-weight hatch cover through the traction of the chain. At this time, remove the bolts of the connection device between the second and third light-weight hatch covers, restart the winch to roll the third light-weight hatch cover into the belly of the first light-weight hatch cover through the traction of the steel chain. In the same way, all the light-weight hatch covers are pulled into the belly of the first light-weight hatch cover, and the cargo hatch of the ship is opened for loading or unloading.

[0074] Generally, the number of such cargo hatch covers can be evenly divided into 8 pieces, with 4 pieces in a group. Such a combination can achieve the overlapping of lightweight hatch covers within 1 / 4 of the length, and the opening of the ship's cargo hold can reach 3 / 4 of the length, which is the best combination.

[0075] Embodiment 5: Figure 1 In the embodiment, the main view of the Yangtze River 130m new energy multi-purpose ship is shown, and the main parameters are: total length 130m, ship width 16.36m, molded depth 8m, the total length of the ship's cargo hold is 99.134m, and 8 lightweight hatch covers equipped with solar photovoltaic panels are evenly arranged, plus the lap length of two lightweight hatch covers is 0.2m, the length of a single lightweight hatch cover is 13.62m, divided into a group of 4 lightweight hatch covers at the bow and a group of 4 lightweight hatch covers at the stern. In order to be able to roll and overlap 4 lightweight hatch covers within the length of one lightweight hatch cover, each lightweight hatch cover is designed in a stepped shape in height and width direction, and the lowest one can roll into the belly cavity of the second lightweight hatch cover, the second can enter the third, and the third can enter the fourth.

[0076] The height of the lowest lightweight hatch cover is 1.2m from the top edge of the cargo hold coaming in order to facilitate the stacking of cargo.

[0077] Figure 2 , which is a top view of the solar photovoltaic power generation lightweight hatch cover of the embodiment. The upper surfaces of the 8 lightweight hatch covers within the entire length of the cargo hold are covered with solar photovoltaic panels. According to the size of the solar photovoltaic panels of 2172mm×1303mm, combined with the width of the ship of this embodiment, a passage of 1.26m is left on both sides of the main deck for the crew to work and walk, plus the total thickness of the 4 thin lightweight hatch covers is 0.535m, 1.265+0.535=1.8m, then the width of the main deck is 1.8m.

[0078] In the ship width direction, 6 solar photovoltaic panels are arranged, and in the length direction, according to the length of the lightweight hatch cover to be fully covered with solar photovoltaic panels, the length of the lightweight hatch cover is adjusted to 2 large components of 10 rows of photovoltaic panels and a large component of 9 rows of photovoltaic panels.

[0079] The width of each lightweight hatch cover is based on the width of the innermost one, plus the joint gap to get the width of the second lightweight hatch cover, and so on. The overall width is large and small, and can be rolled into the belly of the fourth lightweight hatch cover as a whole in the belly of the first cargo hatch cover.

[0080] Figure 3 In the figure, it is a cross-sectional view of a single piece of the solar photovoltaic power generation lightweight hatch cover of this embodiment. The material is selected for the purpose of lightweight implementation, and high-strength steel is used entirely. The structural profiles are thin-walled rectangular steel pipes. The top surface of the hatch cover is designed as a strong cross beam + strong longitudinal girders, with ordinary cross beams and longitudinal beams, and rectangular steel pipe frame edges all around, see the lightweight hatch cover structure diagram. The rollers and guide rollers designed at the bottom end of the side wall of the lightweight hatch cover use the stepped hatch coaming as a track.

Claims

1. A marine solar photovoltaic power station, characterized in that: The invention comprises a hull (9), a stepped hatch coaming (17) symmetrically fixed on the top of the main deck (13) of the hull (9) and located on both sides of the hatch, a plurality of steps (18) being arranged on the stepped hatch coaming (17), the top of the steps (18) rollingly supporting a plurality of groups of light hatch covers through a limit roller mechanism (19); the plurality of groups of light hatch covers are arranged in an overlapping manner; the tops of all the light hatch covers are respectively covered with solar power generation panels (14); after all the light hatch covers are fully unfolded, they cover the upper space of the entire cargo hold (27) in an overlapping manner, and the solar power generation panels (14) generate electricity to provide electric energy for the ship; when the ship needs to load or unload cargo, all the light hatch covers are towed to the front end or rear end of the ship or within the length range of a single light hatch cover symmetrically arranged at the front and rear ends, so that the cargo hold of the ship is fully opened, so as to facilitate cargo loading and unloading of the ship.

2. A marine solar photovoltaic power station according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the cockpit (10) of the hull (9) is provided with a cockpit solar power generation panel (11), the top of the bow canopy deck (16) of the hull (9) is provided with a bow solar power generation panel (15), and the top of the stern canopy deck of the hull (9) is provided with a stern solar power generation panel (12).

3. A marine solar photovoltaic power station according to claim 1, characterized in that: All lightweight hatch covers are divided into two groups, and the two groups are symmetrically arranged on the top of the stepped hatch coaming (17); when the hatch is open, the two groups of lightweight hatch covers move toward the front and rear ends of the ship respectively; the two groups of lightweight hatch covers have the same number.

4. A marine solar photovoltaic power station according to claim 1, characterized in that: A single lightweight hatch cover comprises a hatch cover frame (101), strong transverse beams (102) and strong longitudinal beams (106) are arranged between the hatch cover frames (101), vertical frames (103) are arranged on both sides of the bottom of the hatch cover frame (101), and the bottom ends of the vertical frames (103) are cooperatively mounted with a limiting roller mechanism (19); a water retaining plate (105) is arranged at the top of the hatch cover frame (101) and at the overlapping portion of adjacent lightweight hatch covers; and oblique reinforcing rods (104) are arranged between the vertical frames (103).

5. A marine solar photovoltaic power station according to claim 4, characterized in that: The outer surfaces of the hatch cover frame (101) and the vertical frame (103) are installed with anti-corrosion and weatherproof thin steel plates; A hatch cover gap (20) is provided between adjacent layers of lightweight hatch covers; An eye plate (24) for hooking a traction shackle is provided on the outer wall of the vertical frame (103) at the end; A flexible rubber plate is installed on the outer wall of the water retaining plate (105) to shield the gaps of adjacent lightweight hatch covers and achieve wind and rain sealing.

6. A marine solar photovoltaic power station according to claim 5, characterized in that: The position limiting roller mechanism (19) comprises a base (1901), the bottom end of the horizontal plate of the base (1901) passes through a plurality of vertical shaft plates (1907), a horizontally arranged roller shaft (1902) is installed between the vertical shaft plates (1907), a split pin hole (1904) is provided at the end of the roller shaft (1902), a positioning sleeve (1908) and a roller bearing (1903) are sleeved on the roller shaft (1902), and the roller bearing (1903) and the vertical shaft plates ( 1907) is positioned and installed with a spacing sleeve (1910), and a roller bearing (1903) is rollingly supported on the top of the step (18); a plurality of horizontal axis plates (1909) are fixed on the inner wall of the vertical plate of the base (1901), and a guide roller shaft (1906) arranged vertically is installed on the horizontal axis plate (1909), and a guide roller (1905) is sleeved on the guide roller shaft (1906), and the guide roller (1905) is in contact with the outer wall of the step (18).

7. A marine solar photovoltaic power station according to claim 5, characterized in that: An active connection device (21) is provided between adjacent lightweight hatch covers for combined connection between the two, and is used for temporary connection when the lightweight hatch covers are opened or closed; The movable connection device (21) comprises a pin sleeve (2101) fixed on the outer lightweight hatch cover, and also comprises a threaded sleeve (2103) fixed on the inner lightweight hatch cover, the interior of the threaded sleeve (2103) is processed with an internal thread (2104), a threaded connection shaft (2102) is installed between the pin sleeve (2101) and the threaded sleeve (2103), the outer end of the threaded connection shaft (2102) is provided with a hexagonal head (2107), the inner end of the threaded connection shaft (2102) is provided with a threaded column (2105) and a tapered end (2106), and the threaded column (2105) and the internal thread (2104) form a threaded fit.

8. A marine solar photovoltaic power station according to claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes a power device for opening or closing the lightweight hatch cover; The power device adopts a winch traction mechanism; The winch traction mechanism comprises a winch (22) arranged on the top of the main deck and located at the four corners of the hatch, the winch (22) being connected to an eye plate (24) on the outer wall of the lightweight hatch cover via a matching traction chain (23) and a shackle, and also comprising a guide sprocket (25) and a steering opening sprocket (26) for guiding and steering the traction chain (23).

9. A marine solar photovoltaic power station according to claim 5, characterized in that: The length of the lightweight hatch cover is divided into an even number according to the total length of the cargo hold of the ship. After the length of each lightweight hatch cover is determined, it is adjusted accordingly according to the length and width of the solar power generation panel (14). The adjustment range is preferably such that the solar power generation panel (14) is fully distributed on the lightweight hatch cover, leaving an appropriate distance from the edge without causing waste of area on the lightweight hatch cover.

10. The method for operating a marine solar photovoltaic power station according to any one of claims 6 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: The specific steps of opening the lightweight hatch cover to open the entire cargo hatch are: Step 1.1, installation of the movable connection device (21): Install movable connection devices (21) between all pairs of lightweight hatch covers on the ship; Step 1.2, connection of power device: The power unit is connected to the lightweight hatch cover at the last section of the other end through a traction chain (23) and a shackle; Step 1.3, disassembly of the first movable connection device (21): The movable connection device (21) between the first section of the lightweight hatch cover and the adjacent section of the lightweight hatch cover is removed; Step 1.4, traction opening of lightweight hatch cover: Starting the traction chain (23) of the power device, driving the last section of the lightweight hatch cover through the traction chain (23), and synchronously driving all lightweight hatch covers except the first section of the lightweight hatch cover to move through the combined action of the lightweight hatch cover and the movable connection device (21), thereby causing the second section of the lightweight hatch cover to overlap the outside of the first section of the lightweight hatch cover, thereby achieving the folding of the second lightweight hatch cover; Step 1.5, the next section of lightweight hatch cover is towed and opened in sequence: Initially remove the movable connection device (21) between the secondary lightweight hatch covers, and repeat step 1.4, and finally all the lightweight hatch covers are overlapped and placed at the front end or the rear end of the ship; Step 1.

6. Unloading of cargo from the cargo hold: After all lightweight hatch covers are opened, the top of the entire cargo hold is in an open state, and the cargo inside the cargo hold can be unloaded at this time; At the same time, the solar light hatch cover is in an overlapping state, so the solar power generation temporarily stops working; The lightweight hatch cover is closed to seal the entire cargo hatch of the ship, and the solar panel (14) generates electricity to provide electrical energy for the ship. The specific steps are: Step 2.1, connection of power device: The power device is passed around the steering opening sprocket (26) through a traction chain (23), and the other end of the traction chain (23) is connected to the lightweight hatch cover of the last section through a shackle; Step 2.2, traction of the last section lightweight hatch cover: The traction chain (23) of the power device is started, and the last section of the lightweight hatch cover is driven by the traction chain (23), thereby pulling out the overlapped last section of the lightweight hatch cover: Step 2.3, installation of the movable connection device (21): After the last section of the lightweight hatch cover is fished out, a movable connection device (21) is installed between the last section of the lightweight hatch cover and the adjacent lightweight hatch cover; Step 2.4, sequential traction of the second section of lightweight hatch cover: Continue to start the traction chain (23) of the power device, drive the last section of the lightweight hatch cover through the traction chain (23), and use the connected lightweight hatch covers to drive the next section of the lightweight hatch cover in turn, then connect the movable connection devices (21) step by step, start the power devices one by one, and finally achieve the traction of all the lightweight hatch covers and cover the entire cargo hold hatch; Step 2.5, normal power generation of the solar panel (14): After all lightweight hatch covers are deployed, the system is fully connected to achieve full coverage of the entire cargo hold, and the solar power generation panels (14) will cover the entire cargo hold opening. The solar power generation panels (14) will be directly exposed to sunlight, and the ship-mounted solar photovoltaic power station will operate to provide electrical energy for the ship.

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