Rare earth extraction high-sodium wastewater treatment system

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of rare earth extraction wastewater treatment, in particular to a rare earth extraction high-sodium wastewater treatment system which comprises a standing pool, a water outlet of the standing pool is sequentially connected with three purification units in series through pipelines, and a water outlet of the last purification unit is sequentially connected with a flocculation unit, an evaporation unit and a salt outlet unit in series through pipelines. The purification unit comprises a first dosing part and a sedimentation part and is used for removing extracted oil and heavy metals in the wastewater; the settling part is used for removing sediments in the wastewater after the medicament is added; the flocculation unit is used for flocculent precipitation of substances such as colloids in the wastewater; the evaporation unit is used for natural evaporation of the wastewater so as to concentrate the wastewater, and the salt outlet unit is used for precipitation and post-treatment of product salt. Characteristic pollutants, organic matters and impurities contained in the rare earth extraction high-sodium wastewater are deeply removed, natural evaporation is performed by utilizing solar energy and wind energy, and finally zero discharge of the wastewater and recycling of industrial salt are realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of rare earth extraction wastewater treatment, in particular to a rare earth extraction high-sodium wastewater treatment system. Background Art

[0002] In the process of rare earth extraction and separation, due to the large amount of acid and alkaline substances such as hydrochloric acid, ammonia water, and liquid alkali, high-concentration saline wastewater will eventually be produced. These wastewaters not only contain high concentrations of salt (such as sodium chloride), but may also contain harmful substances such as heavy metal ions and organic solvents. For every ton of rare earth oxide separated, 30 to 60 tons of wastewater will be produced. If such a large amount of wastewater is directly discharged into the environment, it will have a serious negative impact on the soil, water sources and ecological environment.

[0003] Rare earth separation high sodium wastewater is usually treated by forced evaporation methods such as multi-effect evaporation or MVR evaporation to achieve zero wastewater discharge, but it consumes a lot of heat and electricity, and the energy consumption and carbon emissions per unit of wastewater are very high. At the same time, the by-product salt obtained by forced evaporation is often of poor quality, generally contains more impurities, and the product is doped with more heavy metal ions, which poses a risk of producing hazardous waste. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the aforementioned technical problems, the present invention provides a rare earth extraction high-sodium wastewater treatment system, which solves the high energy consumption problem of rare earth extraction high-sodium wastewater through natural evaporation and concentration crystallization; removes impurities and heavy metal ions in the wastewater through static standing, multiple purifications, flocculation flotation and other methods, thereby reducing the hazardous waste risk of by-product salt; specifically, it is achieved through the following technical solutions.

[0005] The invention discloses a rare earth extraction high-sodium wastewater treatment system, comprising a static tank, wherein the static tank is used for static stratification treatment of wastewater.

[0006] The outlet of the static pool is connected in series with three groups of purification units through pipelines, and the water outlet of the last group of purification units is connected in series with a flocculation unit, an evaporation unit and a salt outlet unit through pipelines.

[0007] The purification unit includes a first dosing part and a sedimentation part. The first dosing part includes a reflux bin and a bin cover sealed therewith. A plurality of stirring blades are rotatably installed in the reflux bin. The reflux bin is connected to the medicine box through a first dosing pump.

[0008] The sedimentation part comprises a sedimentation cylinder and a volute installed inside the sedimentation cylinder. The volute is communicated with the first dosing part, and an annular groove is formed inside the volute.

[0009] The flocculation unit comprises a flocculation cylinder, a second dosing part is installed on the side of the flocculation cylinder, an air supply part is installed at the bottom of the flocculation cylinder, and a slag collecting cylinder is installed inside the flocculation cylinder.

[0010] The evaporation unit includes a plurality of evaporation pools, and the salt output unit includes a plurality of crystallization pools and a salt output workshop.

[0011] Preferably, the first dosing part includes a first pipeline, the outlet of the static tank is connected to the first pipeline through a pipeline installed with a pump body, the first pipeline is fixedly connected to a conical tube, the conical tube is coaxially arranged in the reflux bin, and the side bottom of the reflux bin is fixedly connected to the second pipeline.

[0012] A first motor is installed on the bin cover, and an output end of the first motor passes through the bin cover and is fixed to a plurality of stirring blades.

[0013] Preferably, the sedimentation part comprises a third pipeline, the third pipeline is connected with the first dosing part, the third pipeline seals and passes through the sedimentation cylinder and is fixedly connected with the volute, and the top of the sedimentation cylinder is fixedly connected with the fourth pipeline.

[0014] A conical platform is arranged below the volute, and the conical platform is coaxially fixed with the bottom of the settling cylinder. An annular channel is formed between the conical platform and the settling cylinder, and the bottom of the annular channel is fixedly connected with a plurality of sewage pipes, and control valves are installed on the plurality of sewage pipes.

[0015] The inner top of the volute is fixed to the settling plate, the inner bottom of the volute is fixed to the guide plate, the outer sides of the settling plate and the guide plate are sealed and fixed by an annular plate, a plurality of mounting columns are fixed on the guide plate, and the mounting columns are fixed to the conical platform.

[0016] Preferably, one end of the flocculation cylinder is fixedly connected to the first solenoid valve and the second solenoid valve, and two groups of second dosing parts are installed in sequence on the side of the flocculation cylinder close to the first solenoid valve. An annular gap is formed between the slag collecting cylinder and the flocculation cylinder, and a baffle is sealed between the first solenoid valve and the second solenoid valve.

[0017] A plurality of mounting blocks are evenly fixed on the inner wall of the flocculation cylinder, and the plurality of mounting blocks are fixed to the slag collecting cylinder. A fifth pipe is fixedly installed on the slag collecting cylinder, and a sewage pump is installed on the fifth pipe. One end of the fifth pipe is arranged at the bottom of the slag collecting cylinder.

[0018] Preferably, the second dosing part includes a circulation bin, which is fixed to the flocculation cylinder, and a second motor is fixed on the circulation bin, and an output end of the second motor passes through the side wall of the circulation bin and is fixed to a plurality of circulation blades, and the circulation blades are arranged in the circulation bin and can rotate along their axis.

[0019] The top side of the circulating chamber is fixedly connected to the return pipe, the return pipe is fixedly connected to the diversion chamber, and a plurality of diversion holes are opened on the diversion chamber; The bottom side of the circulating flow bin is fixedly connected to an inlet pipe, and the inlet pipe is connected to the interior of the flocculation cylinder.

[0020] The circulating chamber is fixedly connected to the outlet of the second dosing pump, and the inlet of the second dosing pump is connected to the medicine box.

[0021] Preferably, the air supply part includes a cylinder wall, the cylinder wall is fixed to the bottom of the flocculation cylinder, an air supply pipe is installed on the cylinder wall, the air supply pipe is connected to the high-pressure air pipe, the air supply pipe is fixedly connected to the air separation groove, the air separation groove is arranged inside the cylinder wall, and the air separation groove is sealed and fixed to the bottom of the flocculation cylinder.

[0022] The gas distribution groove is fixedly connected with a plurality of gas distribution pipes, and a plurality of nozzles are fixed on the plurality of gas distribution pipes, and the nozzles are connected with the bottom of the flocculation cylinder.

[0023] Preferably, the output end of the first motor passes through the compartment cover and is coaxially fixed to the diverter block, the diverter block is coaxially arranged at one end of the tapered tube away from the first pipeline, and the diverter block is in the shape of a bullet head.

[0024] Preferably, the drug added to the second drug adding section of the first group is PAC, and the drug added to the second drug adding section of the second group is PAM.

[0025] Preferably, the cushion structure of the evaporation pond is, from outside to inside, a compacted foundation, a first layer of filament non-interference geotextile, a first layer of HDPE high-density ethylene geomembrane, an online conductor detection layer, a second layer of filament non-interference geotextile, a second layer of HDPE high-density ethylene geomembrane, and a third layer of filament non-interference geotextile.

[0026] Preferably, the agent added to the first dosing part of the first group is polyaluminium chloride, the agent added to the first dosing part of the second group is liquid sodium hydroxide, and the agent added to the first dosing part of the third group is ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid.

[0027] After adopting the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. The present invention realizes the addition of reagents through the first dosing part in the purification unit, realizes the separation of precipitates through the sedimentation part in the purification unit, realizes the deep oil removal of rare earth extraction high sodium wastewater and the removal of heavy metal ions through three groups of purification units connected in series in sequence, and continuously reacts and removes the difficult-to-remove extraction oil and heavy metal ions in the wastewater through the combination of the first dosing part and the sedimentation part, thereby facilitating the efficient recovery of sodium salt in the wastewater.

[0028] 2. The present invention realizes the aggregation of suspended matter such as colloids in wastewater through a flocculation unit, and combines the flotation principle to make the floccules float to the water surface to further purify the wastewater. This method is fast and efficient. On the one hand, it realizes the continuous operation of wastewater flocculation, and on the other hand, it realizes the efficient removal of floccules through flotation, greatly improving work efficiency.

[0029] 3. By combining natural drying with wind evaporation, energy consumption is reduced, thus achieving green and environmentally friendly treatment of high-sodium wastewater from rare earth extraction.

[0030] 4. The sodium salt in the wastewater can be recycled and utilized by means of concentration and crystallization. On the one hand, it reduces the pollution caused by wastewater discharge. On the other hand, the recycling of sodium salt can reduce the wastewater treatment cost of the enterprise. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0032] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a rare earth extraction high sodium wastewater treatment system; Figure 2 is a front cross-sectional view of the first drug adding portion; Figure 3 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the settlement portion; Figure 4 is a transverse cross-sectional view of the settlement portion; Figure 5 is a forward cross-sectional view of the flocculation unit; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the disassembly of the parts of the flocculation unit; Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the second drug adding part; Figure 8 for Figure 7 A partial cutaway diagram of Fig. 9 It is a structural schematic diagram of the air supply unit; Fig.10 Schematic diagram of the cushion structure of the evaporation pond.

[0033] Description of reference numerals: 101-stilling tank, 102-purification unit; 200-first dosing part, 201-first pipeline, 202-conical tube, 203-reflux chamber, 204-chamber cover, 205-first motor, 206-dividing block, 207-stirring blade, 208-first dosing pump, 209-second pipeline; 300-settling part, 301-third pipeline, 302-settling cylinder, 303-volute pipe, 304-conical platform, 305-drain pipe, 306-fourth pipeline, 307-annular groove, 308-settling plate, 309-guide plate, 310-annular plate, 311-mounting column; 400-flocculation unit, 401-flocculation cylinder, 402-mounting block, 403-slag collecting cylinder, 404-fifth pipeline, 405-sewage pump, 406-baffle, 407-first solenoid valve, 408-second solenoid valve, 410-second dosing part, 411-circulation chamber, 412-second motor, 413-circulation fan blade, 414-return pipe, 415-diversion chamber, 416-diversion hole, 417-inlet pipe, 418-second dosing pump, 420-air supply part, 421-cylinder wall, 422-air supply pipe, 423-air distribution groove, 424-air distribution pipe, 425-nozzle; 500-evaporation unit, 501-evaporation tank; 600-salt output unit, 601-crystallization pool, 602-salt output workshop. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The features and exemplary embodiments of various aspects of the present invention will be described in detail below. In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only configured to explain the present invention and are not configured to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention can be implemented without the need for some of these specific details. The following description of the embodiments is only to provide a better understanding of the present invention by illustrating examples of the present invention.

[0035] The directional words appearing in the following description are all directions shown in the figures, and do not limit the specific structure of the present invention. In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installation, connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, or a detachable connection or an integral connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0036] The embodiment of the present invention provides a rare earth extraction high sodium wastewater treatment system, see Figure 1The system includes a static tank 101, which is used for static stratification treatment of wastewater. Since a large amount of extractant is required in the rare earth extraction process, the wastewater contains some organic solvents. Since there is a difference in density between the organic solvent and water, the wastewater is discharged into the static tank 101 and is left to stand in the static tank 101 for about 12 hours. During the standing period, the oil layer containing the extractant will gradually float to the water surface, causing obvious stratification of the wastewater in the static tank 101. After the standing period, the oil layer is removed by an oil skimmer, thereby effectively reducing the content of organic solvents in the wastewater, which improves the efficiency of wastewater treatment on the one hand and reduces the cost of subsequent wastewater treatment on the other.

[0037] Among them, since the effect of oil-water stratification in wastewater gradually deteriorates with the increase of the pH value of the wastewater, hydrochloric acid needs to be added to the wastewater before standing to adjust the pH value of the wastewater to 2-3, thereby enhancing the stratification effect of the wastewater in the standing tank 101.

[0038] The outlet of the static tank 101 is connected in series with three groups of purification units 102 through pipelines, and the outlet of the last group of purification units 102 is connected in series with a flocculation unit 400, an evaporation unit 500 and a salt output unit 600 through pipelines. The first group of purification units 102 is used for further oil removal of wastewater, the second group of purification units 102 is used for preliminary removal of heavy metal ions in wastewater, and the third group of purification units 102 is used for deep removal of heavy metal ions in wastewater.

[0039] The purification unit 102 includes a first dosing unit 200 and a sedimentation unit 300, see Figure 2 The first dosing part 200 includes a first pipeline 201. The outlet of the static tank 101 is connected to the first end of the first pipeline 201 through a pipeline installed with a pump body. The second end of the first pipeline 201 is fixedly connected to the conical tube 202. The conical tube 202 is coaxially arranged inside the reflux bin 203. The end of the reflux bin 203 away from the first pipeline 201 is sealed and fixedly installed with a bin cover 204. The inner cavity composed of the reflux bin 203 and the bin cover 204 is used to complete the sufficient mixing of the medicine and the wastewater.

[0040] A first motor 205 is fixedly installed at one end of the bin cover 204 away from the reflux bin 203, and an output end of the first motor 205 passes through the bin cover 204 and is coaxially fixed to a diverter block 206. The diverter block 206 is coaxially arranged at one end of the conical tube 202 away from the first pipe 201. The shape of the diverter block 206 is similar to a bullet head, and is used to evenly divert the wastewater flowing into the reflux bin 203 from the conical tube 202 to all sides. A number of stirring blades 207 are evenly fixed on the side of the diverter block 206 along the circumferential direction, so as to achieve sufficient mixing of the wastewater and the medicine.

[0041] A plurality of drug inlet holes are provided on the side of the bin cover 204, and the plurality of drug inlet holes are connected to the drug box through the first drug dosing pump 208, thereby ensuring that the drug in the drug box can be transported to the inside of the reflux bin 203 and the bin cover 204 through the first drug dosing pump 208 to complete the mixing of the drug and wastewater.

[0042] The side bottom of the reflux bin 203 is fixedly connected to the second pipe 209 for discharging the mixed medicine and waste water inside the reflux bin 203 and the bin cover 204 to the outside.

[0043] In the above structure, wastewater enters the conical tube 202 from the first pipe 201, and through the configuration relationship between the conical tube 202 and the diversion block 206, the wastewater entering the reflux bin 203 and the bin cover 204 is dispersed to the surroundings. At this time, a number of first dosing pumps 208 transport the medicine in the medicine box to the reflux bin 203 and the bin cover 204, and through the stirring fan blades 207 driven by the first motor 205, the wastewater and the medicine are fully mixed. After mixing, the wastewater flows downward through the gap between the conical tube 202 and the side wall of the reflux bin 203, and is discharged outward through the second pipe 209.

[0044] In the above structure, the wastewater flows upward first and then downward, from the middle to the surroundings, and during the flow, the stirring blades 207 are used to stir the wastewater, thereby enhancing the mixing effect of the reagent and the wastewater.

[0045] Among them, since the functions of the three groups of purification units 102 are different, the reagents added by the first dosing parts 200 in the three groups of purification units 102 are different. The reagent added by the first dosing part 200 of the first group is polyaluminum chloride. The aluminum ions of polyaluminum chloride form low-solubility aluminum extracts with the extractant in the form of emulsified oil and dissolved oil. These aluminum extracts will precipitate in situ and be adsorbed and entrained by the polymerized aluminum compounds (i.e., aluminum hydroxide, liquid alkali and liquid alkali reaction products) to form larger flocs or precipitates, thereby achieving the purpose of deep oil removal.

[0046] The reagent added by the first dosing unit 200 of the second group is liquid sodium hydroxide. After adding liquid sodium hydroxide, the pH value of the wastewater is adjusted to 10-11.5. As the pH value increases, the heavy metal ions (such as Cu 2+ , Pb 2+ 、Zn 2+ etc.) will combine with hydroxide ions to form corresponding low-solubility hydroxide precipitates, such as Cu(OH) 2 、Pb(OH) 2 、Zn(OH) 2 Etc., to achieve the purpose of removing heavy metal ions.

[0047] The reagent added by the first dosing unit 200 of the third group is ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, which can react with heavy metal ions by chelation. Through multiple coordination atoms (mainly nitrogen and oxygen) in its molecules, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid reacts with heavy metal ions to form a ring-shaped complex. These complexes have high stability, which greatly reduces the activity of heavy metal ions and makes them more difficult to dissolve in water. As the chelation reaction proceeds, the heavy metal ions are gradually complexed by ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid to form a precipitate that is insoluble in water.

[0048] As a further explanation of the above embodiments, see Figure 3 , Figure 4 The sedimentation part 300 includes a third pipeline 301, which is connected to the second pipeline 209 through a pipeline installed with a pump body. The third pipeline 301 is sealed and passes through the side wall of the sedimentation cylinder 302 and is fixedly connected to the volute 303. The diameter of the volute 303 at the connection with the third pipeline 301 is 2 to 5 times the diameter of the third pipeline 301, and the trajectory shape of the volute 303 is a volute.

[0049] A conical platform 304 is coaxially arranged directly below the volute 303. The top of the conical platform 304 is conical. The conical platform 304 is coaxially fixed with the bottom of the sedimentation cylinder 302. An annular channel is formed between the side wall of the conical platform 304 and the side wall of the sedimentation cylinder 302. The annular channel is used for gathering the sediment inside the sedimentation cylinder 302. The bottom of the annular channel is fixedly connected to a number of sewage pipes 305. Control valves are installed on the sewage pipes 305. The top of the side of the sedimentation cylinder 302 is fixedly connected to the fourth pipe 306. The fourth pipe 306 is used to discharge the settled wastewater to the outside.

[0050] An annular groove 307 is provided in the inner ring of the volute 303, and the annular groove 307 connects the volute 303 with the sedimentation cylinder 302. The inner top of the volute 303 is fixed to the sedimentation plate 308, and the inner bottom of the volute 303 is fixed to the guide plate 309. The sedimentation plate 308 and the guide plate 309 are annular inclined plates with the same structure, and the inclination direction is from the inside to the outside and from the top to the bottom. The outer sides of the sedimentation plate 308 and the guide plate 309 are sealed and fixed by an annular plate 310. A number of mounting columns 311 are evenly fixed to the bottom of the guide plate 309 along the circumferential direction, and the mounting columns 311 are fixed to the conical platform 304.

[0051] Among them, the role of the spiral tube 303 is reflected in the following two aspects. First, the liquid in the third pipe 301 does not flow directly into the sedimentation cylinder 302, so as to avoid the excessive flow velocity at the outlet of the third pipe 301 affecting the sedimentation effect in the sedimentation cylinder 302. Second, through the guiding effect of the spiral tube 303, the liquid entering the sedimentation cylinder 302 flows in along the tangential direction of the circumference, so that the liquid flows circumferentially in the sedimentation cylinder 302, avoiding the flow between liquids at different levels and preventing poor sedimentation effect caused by turbulence.

[0052] Through the above structure, this embodiment can quickly achieve the sedimentation of solids in wastewater and complete solid-liquid separation. First, the wastewater after being doped with drugs in the first dosing unit 200 is transported to the third pipeline 301 through a pipeline. After entering the sedimentation cylinder 302, the flow rate of the wastewater slows down due to the change in pipe diameter. The flow rate of the wastewater after passing through the annular groove 307 and entering the sedimentation cylinder 302 from the volute 303 is further slowed down. Therefore, at a slow flow rate, the solids mixed in the wastewater will settle downward and slide along the upper surface of the conical platform 304 to the bottom of the sedimentation cylinder 302. The solids in the wastewater that have not been completely settled will be removed by the conical platform 304. After passing through the annular groove 307, it moves upward to the middle and upper part of the sedimentation cylinder 302, and the flow rate further slows down. At this time, the solids settle downward on the upper surface of the sedimentation plate 308 under the action of gravity. Since the sedimentation plate 308 is set at an angle, the solids settled on the upper surface of the sedimentation plate 308 will continue to slide downward to the bottom of the sedimentation cylinder 302. When the solids at the bottom of the sedimentation cylinder 302 are deposited to a certain thickness, the control valve on the sewage pipe 305 is opened to discharge the sediment at the bottom of the sedimentation cylinder 302.

[0053] The above structure gradually slows down the flow rate of wastewater, so that the solids contained in the wastewater are settled in layers and finally deposited at the bottom of the settling tube 302. This structure avoids the problem of reduced production efficiency caused by the static sedimentation method.

[0054] As a further explanation of the above embodiments, see Figure 1 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 The fourth pipe 306 in the third settling section 300 is connected to the inlet of the flocculation unit 400 through a pipeline installed with a pump body. The flocculation unit 400 includes a flocculation cylinder 401. The cross-sectional shape of the flocculation cylinder 401 is a runway type. One end of the flocculation cylinder 401 is fixedly connected with a first solenoid valve 407 and a second solenoid valve 408. The first solenoid valve 407 is connected to the fourth pipe 306 of the third settling section 300, and the second solenoid valve 408 is connected to the inlet of the evaporation unit 500.

[0055] Two sets of second dosing parts 410 are installed in sequence on the side wall of the flocculation cylinder 401 close to the first solenoid valve 407, which are used to add agents into the flocculation cylinder 401 to achieve the aggregation of colloids in the wastewater in the flocculation cylinder 401. An air supply part 420 is installed at the bottom of the flocculation cylinder 401 to evenly ventilate the inside of the flocculation cylinder 401, so that the bubbles combine with the aggregates in the wastewater and float the aggregates to the water surface.

[0056] A number of mounting blocks 402 are evenly fixed on the inner wall of the flocculation cylinder 401, and the lower ends of the mounting blocks 402 are chamfered. The mounting blocks 402 are fixed to the outer surface of the slag collecting cylinder 403, so that a runway-shaped gap is formed between the slag collecting cylinder 403 and the flocculation cylinder 401. The cross-section of the slag collecting cylinder 403 gradually narrows from top to bottom. A fifth pipe 404 is fixedly installed on the side of the slag collecting cylinder 403, and a sewage pump 405 is installed on the fifth pipe 404. One end of the fifth pipe 404 is arranged at the bottom of the slag collecting cylinder 403.

[0057] A baffle 406 is vertically installed on the outer side of the slag collecting cylinder 403, near one end of the first solenoid valve 407. The baffle 406 is arranged in the gap between the slag collecting cylinder 403 and the flocculation cylinder 401, and is distributed between the first solenoid valve 407 and the second solenoid valve 408, thereby completely separating the first solenoid valve 407 and the second solenoid valve 408, so that the wastewater entering the flocculation cylinder 401 through the first solenoid valve 407 can only circulate along the gap between the slag collecting cylinder 403 and the flocculation cylinder 401 for one circle and then be discharged from the second solenoid valve 408.

[0058] The above process increases the travel distance of the wastewater in the flocculation cylinder 401, so that the wastewater can fully merge with the agent added into the flocculation cylinder 401 through the second dosing part 410 during the flow of the wastewater in the flocculation cylinder 401, thereby realizing the aggregation of colloids in the wastewater, and the bubbles introduced into the flocculation cylinder 401 through the air supply part 420 float the aggregated flocculants to the water surface, thereby completing the removal of impurities such as colloids in the wastewater.

[0059] Among them, the operator can control the flow of the first solenoid valve 407 and the second solenoid valve 408 so that the liquid level in the flocculation cylinder 401 is 3 cm to 5 cm higher than the upper surface of the slag collecting cylinder 403, thereby ensuring that after the sewage pump 405 extracts the flocculants in the slag collecting cylinder 403 through the fifth pipe 404, the suspended matter floating to the water surface can smoothly flow into the slag collecting cylinder 403, thereby facilitating the centralized treatment of the flocculants floating on the water surface.

[0060] As a further explanation of the above embodiments, see Figure 7 , Figure 8The second dosing part 410 includes a circulation chamber 411, which is fixed to the side wall of the flocculation cylinder 401. A second motor 412 is fixedly installed on the side of the circulation chamber 411 away from the flocculation cylinder 401. The output end of the second motor 412 passes through the side wall of the circulation chamber 411 and is fixed to a plurality of circulation blades 413. The circulation blades 413 are arranged in the circulation chamber 411 and can rotate along their axis.

[0061] The top side of the circulating chamber 411 is fixedly connected to the first end of the return pipe 414, and the second end of the return pipe 414 passes through the side wall of the flocculation cylinder 401 and is fixedly connected to the diversion chamber 415. A plurality of diversion holes 416 are evenly opened along the height direction on the side of the diversion chamber 415 away from the return pipe 414, and the diversion holes 416 connect the diversion chamber 415 with the inside of the flocculation cylinder 401.

[0062] The bottom side of the circulation chamber 411 is fixedly connected to the first end of the inlet pipe 417, and the second end of the inlet pipe 417 passes through the side wall of the flocculation cylinder 401 and is connected to the interior of the flocculation cylinder 401. The inlet pipe 417 is located directly below the return pipe 414, and the return pipe 414 and the inlet pipe 417 are horizontally arranged. The return pipe 414 and the inlet pipe 417 are located on the first side of the vertical plane where the axis of the circulation chamber 411 is located.

[0063] The bottom side of the circulating chamber 411 is fixedly connected to the outlet of the second dosing pump 418. The second dosing pump 418 is located on the second side of the vertical plane where the axis of the circulating chamber 411 is located. The inlet of the second dosing pump 418 is connected to the medicine box.

[0064] Among them, the agent added by the first group of second dosing parts 410 is PAC (polyaluminum chloride), and the agent added by the second group of second dosing parts 410 is PAM (polyacrylamide). PAC, as a coagulant, can neutralize the surface charge of the colloidal particles in the wastewater and make them agglomerate into larger flocs. PAM, as a coagulant aid, can further enhance the stability of the flocs.

[0065] The present invention uses the above-mentioned structure to perform a dosing treatment on the wastewater inside the flocculation cylinder 401. After the wastewater enters the flocculation cylinder 401 through the first solenoid valve 407, it first flows through the side where the second dosing part 410 is located, thereby completing the dosing process of the wastewater. The second motor 412 drives the circulation fan blade 413 to rotate, and the wastewater in the flocculation cylinder 401 is sucked into the circulation bin 411 through the inlet pipe 417. At the same time, the second dosing pump 418 pumps the agent in the agent box into the circulation bin 411, so as to achieve uniform mixing of the agent and the wastewater in the circulation bin 411. After the two are mixed, they are transported to the inside of the diversion bin 415 through the reflux pipe 414, and are evenly dispersed in the wastewater in the flocculation cylinder 401 through the diversion hole 416.

[0066] Through the above method, the agent is evenly added to the wastewater in the flocculation cylinder 401, so that during the circular flow of the wastewater in the flocculation cylinder 401, the colloids and other substances therein are gradually aggregated to form flocs. The flocs are combined with the bubbles input into the wastewater through the air supply part 420, thereby floating to the water surface of the flocculation cylinder 401.

[0067] As a further explanation of the above embodiments, see Fig. 9 The air supply part 420 includes a cylinder wall 421, which is fixed to the bottom of the flocculation cylinder 401. An air supply pipe 422 is installed on one side of the cylinder wall 421. The first end of the air supply pipe 422 is connected to the high-pressure air pipe, and the second end of the air supply pipe 422 is fixedly connected to the air separation groove 423. The air separation groove 423 is arranged inside the cylinder wall 421, and the air separation groove 423 is sealed and fixed to the bottom of the flocculation cylinder 401.

[0068] The outer surface of the gas distribution groove 423 is evenly and fixedly connected with a plurality of gas distribution pipes 424 , and a plurality of nozzles 425 are fixedly installed on the gas distribution pipes 424 . The nozzles 425 pass through the bottom of the flocculation cylinder 401 and are fixedly connected with the bottom of the flocculation cylinder 401 .

[0069] A one-way valve is installed inside the air distribution pipe 424 to prevent the wastewater in the flocculation cylinder 401 from flowing back into the air distribution tank 423 through the nozzle 425 and the air distribution pipe 424 .

[0070] Through the above-mentioned structure, this embodiment evenly distributes the high-pressure gas input by the air supply pipe 422 to the bottom of the flocculation cylinder 401 through the gas distribution groove 423, the gas distribution pipe 424, and the nozzle 425, forming fine bubbles, which facilitates the combination of the bubbles with the flocculants in the wastewater of the flocculation cylinder 401, allowing the flocculants to quickly float to the water surface of the flocculation cylinder 401, thereby achieving the removal of the flocculants in the wastewater.

[0071] For further explanation of the embodiments of the present invention, see Figure 1 The outlet of the flocculation unit 400 is communicated with the inlet of the evaporation unit 500 through a pipeline equipped with a pump body. The evaporation unit 500 includes an evaporation pool 501. The inlet of the evaporation unit 500 is connected in series with several evaporation pools 501 through pipelines and pump bodies. The evaporation pools 501 are used for natural evaporation and concentration of wastewater. The outlet of the evaporation unit 500 is communicated with the inlet of the salt output unit 600 through a pipeline equipped with a pump body. The salt output unit 600 includes a crystallization pool 601 and a salt output workshop 602. The inlet of the salt output unit 600 is connected to the inlets of several crystallization pools 601 through pipelines. The crystallization pool 601 is used to precipitate salt crystals. The outlets of several crystallization pools 601 are connected in parallel through pipelines and transported to the inlet of the evaporation unit 500 through a pipeline equipped with a pump body.

[0072] The wastewater is transported to the crystallization pool 601 to complete the precipitation of crystal salt, and the crystal salt is collected in the salt outlet workshop 602 through a collector for further processing. The remaining wastewater is transported to the evaporation unit 500 for re-evaporation and concentration.

[0073] The salt-out workshop 602 is located in the middle of several crystallization pools 601 , so that the crystal salt precipitated in the crystallization pools 601 can be collected and transported to the salt-out workshop 602 .

[0074] For further explanation of the present invention, see Fig.10 The cushion structure of the evaporation pond 501 is, from outside to inside, a compacted foundation, a first layer of filament non-blocking geotextile, a first layer of HDPE high-density ethylene geomembrane, an online conductor detection layer, a second layer of filament non-blocking geotextile, a second layer of HDPE high-density ethylene geomembrane, and a third layer of filament non-blocking geotextile.

[0075] The above structure is distributed on the bottom and inner wall of the evaporation pond 501, and its purpose is to prevent the wastewater in the evaporation pond 501 from penetrating into the soil and groundwater, thereby protecting the environment and groundwater resources from pollution.

[0076] Among them, the filament geotextile plays a role of connection and reinforcement, and the HDPE high-density ethylene geomembrane enhances the anti-seepage performance while improving the strength and durability of the overall structure.

[0077] Among them, the online wire detection layer is a layered structure that integrates conductive elements (such as metal mesh, conductive fibers, etc.). These conductive elements form a monitoring network that can sense and transmit the status information of the anti-seepage lining layer in real time. When the leaking liquid floods the conductive elements, the resistance or current between them will change. By detecting the change in resistance or current between the conductive elements, any damage or leakage points in the anti-seepage lining layer can be discovered in time, and the specific leakage location can be quickly located, thereby greatly shortening the repair time and cost.

[0078] Among them, the setting method and use method of the online wire detection layer are existing technologies and will not be further elaborated here.

[0079] According to the embodiments of the present invention as described above, these embodiments do not describe all the details in detail, nor do they limit the invention to the only specific embodiments. Obviously, based on the above description, many modifications and changes can be made. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments in order to better explain the principles and practical applications of the present invention, so that those skilled in the art can make good use of the present invention and the modified use based on the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rare earth extraction high sodium wastewater treatment system, characterized in that: It comprises a static tank (101), wherein the static tank (101) is used for static stratification treatment of wastewater; The outlet of the static pool (101) is connected in series with three groups of purification units (102) via pipelines, and the water outlet of the last group of purification units (102) is connected in series with a flocculation unit (400), an evaporation unit (500) and a salt outlet unit (600) via pipelines; The purification unit (102) comprises a first dosing section (200) and a sedimentation section (300); the first dosing section (200) comprises a reflux bin (203) and a bin cover (204) sealed therewith; a plurality of stirring blades (207) are rotatably mounted in the reflux bin (203); and the reflux bin (203) is connected to a medicine box via a first dosing pump (208); The sedimentation part (300) comprises a sedimentation cylinder (302) and a volute (303) installed inside the sedimentation cylinder, the volute (303) is in communication with the first dosing part (200), and an annular groove (307) is formed on the inner side of the volute (303); The flocculation unit (400) comprises a flocculation cylinder (401), a second dosing portion (410) is installed on the side of the flocculation cylinder (401), an air supply portion (420) is installed at the bottom of the flocculation cylinder (401), and a slag collecting cylinder (403) is installed inside the flocculation cylinder (401); The evaporation unit (500) comprises a plurality of evaporation pools (501), and the salt output unit (600) comprises a plurality of crystallization pools (601) and a salt output workshop (602).

2. The rare earth extraction high sodium wastewater treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first dosing unit (200) comprises a first pipeline (201), the outlet of the static pool (101) is connected to the first pipeline (201) via a pipeline equipped with a pump body, the first pipeline (201) is fixedly connected to a conical tube (202), the conical tube (202) is coaxially arranged in a reflux bin (203), and the bottom of the side of the reflux bin (203) is fixedly connected to a second pipeline (209); A first motor (205) is mounted on the bin cover (204), and an output end of the first motor (205) passes through the bin cover (204) and is fixed to a plurality of stirring blades (207).

3. The rare earth extraction high sodium wastewater treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sedimentation part (300) comprises a third pipe (301), the third pipe (301) is in communication with the first dosing part (200), the third pipe (301) is sealed and passes through the sedimentation cylinder (302) and is fixedly connected with the volute (303), and the top of the sedimentation cylinder (302) is fixedly connected with the fourth pipe (306); A conical platform (304) is provided below the volute (303), the conical platform (304) is coaxially fixed with the bottom of the settling cylinder (302), an annular channel is formed between the conical platform (304) and the settling cylinder (302), the bottom of the annular channel is fixedly connected to a plurality of sewage pipes (305), and a control valve is installed on each of the sewage pipes (305); The inner top of the volute (303) is fixed to a settling plate (308), the inner bottom of the volute (303) is fixed to a guide plate (309), the outer sides of the settling plate (308) and the guide plate (309) are sealed and fixed via an annular plate (310), a plurality of mounting columns (311) are fixed to the guide plate (309), and the mounting columns (311) are fixed to the conical platform (304).

4. The rare earth extraction high sodium wastewater treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the flocculation cylinder (401) is fixedly connected to a first solenoid valve (407) and a second solenoid valve (408), two groups of second dosing parts (410) are sequentially installed on one side of the flocculation cylinder (401) close to the first solenoid valve (407), an annular gap is formed between the slag collecting cylinder (403) and the flocculation cylinder (401), and a baffle (406) is sealed between the first solenoid valve (407) and the second solenoid valve (408); A plurality of mounting blocks (402) are evenly fixed on the inner wall of the flocculation cylinder (401); the plurality of mounting blocks (402) are fixed to a slag collecting cylinder (403); a fifth pipe (404) is fixedly mounted on the slag collecting cylinder (403); a sewage pump (405) is mounted on the fifth pipe (404); and one end of the fifth pipe (404) is arranged at the bottom of the slag collecting cylinder (403).

5. The rare earth extraction high sodium wastewater treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second dosing section (410) comprises a circulation chamber (411), the circulation chamber (411) being fixed to the flocculation cylinder (401), a second motor (412) being fixed to the circulation chamber (411), an output end of the second motor (412) passing through a side wall of the circulation chamber (411) and being fixed to a plurality of circulation blades (413), the circulation blades (413) being arranged in the circulation chamber (411) and being able to rotate along their axis; The top side of the circulating chamber (411) is fixedly connected to the return pipe (414), the return pipe (414) is fixedly connected to the diversion chamber (415), and the diversion chamber (415) is provided with a plurality of diversion holes (416); The bottom side of the circulating chamber (411) is fixedly connected to the inlet pipe (417), and the inlet pipe (417) is connected to the inside of the flocculation cylinder (401); The circulating chamber (411) is fixedly connected to the outlet of the second dosing pump (418), and the inlet of the second dosing pump (418) is connected to the medicine box.

6. The rare earth extraction high sodium wastewater treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air supply portion (420) comprises a cylinder wall (421), the cylinder wall (421) is fixed to the bottom of the flocculation cylinder (401), an air supply pipe (422) is installed on the cylinder wall (421), the air supply pipe (422) is connected to the high-pressure air pipe, the air supply pipe (422) is fixedly connected to the air separation groove (423), the air separation groove (423) is arranged inside the cylinder wall (421), and the air separation groove (423) is sealed and fixed to the bottom of the flocculation cylinder (401); The gas distribution groove (423) is fixedly connected to a plurality of gas distribution pipes (424), a plurality of nozzles (425) are fixed on the plurality of gas distribution pipes (424), and the nozzles (425) are connected to the bottom of the flocculation cylinder (401).

7. The rare earth extraction high sodium wastewater treatment system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The output end of the first motor (205) passes through the compartment cover (204) and is coaxially fixed to a diverter block (206); the diverter block (206) is coaxially arranged at one end of the conical tube (202) away from the first pipeline (201); and the diverter block (206) is in the shape of a bullet head.

8. The rare earth extraction high sodium wastewater treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drug added by the second drug adding section (410) of the first group is PAC, and the drug added by the second drug adding section (410) of the second group is PAM.

9. The rare earth extraction high sodium wastewater treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cushion structure of the evaporation pond (501) is, from outside to inside, a compacted foundation, a first layer of filament non-interference geotextile, a first layer of HDPE high-density ethylene geomembrane, an online conductor detection layer, a second layer of filament non-interference geotextile, a second layer of HDPE high-density ethylene geomembrane, and a third layer of filament non-interference geotextile.

10. The rare earth extraction high sodium wastewater treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reagent added by the first dosing section (200) of the first group is polyaluminium chloride, the reagent added by the first dosing section (200) of the second group is liquid sodium hydroxide, and the reagent added by the first dosing section (200) of the third group is ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid.

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