Amino acid-containing compound fertilizer, and preparation method and application thereof
Through the combination of chelation reaction and plant extracts, a stable amino acid chelate structure is formed, which solves the problem of easy decomposition of amino acids in fertilizers, achieves significant improvement in crop growth promotion and stress resistance, and significantly improves crop quality and yield.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510056006.9
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-01-14
- Publication Date
- 2025-10-14
- Estimated Expiration
- 2045-01-14
AI Technical Summary
Amino acids are easily decomposed under high temperature and high humidity conditions and easily complex with metal ions in fertilizers, which affects their function in fertilizers and results in poor results in promoting plant growth and increasing crop yields.
Urea, diammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate, lysine, sweet potato stem and leaf extract, wax gourd stem and leaf extract, citric acid, borax, zinc sulfate, ammonium molybdate and humic acid and other raw materials are used to form a stable chelate structure through chelation reaction to improve the stability of lysine, and plant growth regulators such as flavonoids, phenolic acids and polysaccharides are added to stimulate root growth and stress resistance.
It significantly improved the stability of amino acids, promoted crop growth, enhanced stress resistance, and improved crop quality and yield. Plant height increased by 32.25%, the number of leaves increased by 21.01%, the weight of a single plant increased by 15.25%, and the yield of a plot increased by 48.83%.
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Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of fertilizers, and particularly relates to a compound fertilizer containing amino acids and a preparation method and application thereof. BACKGROUND
[0002] Amino acids are indispensable nutrients in the process of plant growth and development, and are basic units of proteins in plants. Amino acids also have the function of regulating plant growth and development. Plants obtain the required amino acids through root absorption or endogenous synthesis, and use the amino acids for metabolic activities, cell division and growth. Amino acids have a significant effect on promoting root growth, enhancing photosynthesis of leaves, improving adaptability under stress, and increasing crop yield, and are one of the nutrients necessary for maintaining plant growth and development. However, due to the poor stability of amino acids, they are prone to decomposition under high temperature and high humidity conditions, and are also prone to complex reactions with other components in fertilizers, especially metal ions, which leads to consumption of effective components of amino acids and affects the functional exertion of amino acids in fertilizers. Therefore, it is particularly important to provide a compound fertilizer containing amino acids, which can significantly improve the stability of amino acids and fully exert the corresponding growth-promoting function. SUMMARY
[0003] In view of the above, the purpose of the present application is to provide a compound fertilizer containing amino acids, which can improve the stability of amino acids, promote crop growth, improve crop stress resistance, and thus improve crop quality and yield.
[0004] Another purpose of the present application is to provide a preparation method of the compound fertilizer containing amino acids.
[0005] Another purpose of the present application is to provide an application of the compound fertilizer containing amino acids in promoting crop growth, improving crop stress resistance, or improving crop yield.
[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purposes, the present application provides the following technical solutions:
[0007] The present application provides a compound fertilizer containing amino acids, which comprises the following raw materials: urea, diammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate, lysine, sweet potato stem and leaf extract, wax gourd stem and leaf extract, citric acid, borax, zinc sulfate, ammonium molybdate, and humic acid.
[0008] Preferably, the fertilizer comprises the following raw materials by weight: urea 15-20 parts, diammonium phosphate 15-20 parts, potassium sulfate 10-15 parts, lysine 2-5 parts, sweet potato stem and leaf extract 1-3 parts, wax gourd stem and leaf extract 1-3 parts, citric acid 1-3 parts, borax 0.5-1.5 parts, zinc sulfate 0.3-1 part, ammonium molybdate 0.1-0.5 parts, and humic acid 3-8 parts.
[0009] Preferably, the preparation method of the sweet potato stem and leaf extract comprises the following steps: washing and cutting the sweet potato stem and leaf; adding an ethanol solution and performing ultrasonic extraction; filtering, concentrating and drying the extract to obtain the sweet potato stem and leaf extract.
[0010] Preferably, the volume fraction of ethanol in the ethanol solution is 70-80%.
[0011] Preferably, the preparation method of the wax gourd stem and leaf extract comprises the following steps: washing and cutting the wax gourd stem and leaf; adding an ethanol solution and performing ultrasonic extraction; filtering, concentrating and drying the extract to obtain the wax gourd stem and leaf extract.
[0012] Preferably, the volume fraction of ethanol in the ethanol solution is 50-60%.
[0013] The application further provides a preparation method of the amino acid-containing compound fertilizer, which comprises the following steps:
[0014] The raw materials are weighed by weight parts; the lysine and the citric acid are dissolved in water to obtain a lysine aqueous solution and a citric acid aqueous solution; the sweet potato stem and leaf extract and the wax gourd stem and leaf extract are mixed and dissolved in water to obtain a sweet potato and wax gourd stem and leaf extract suspension; the lysine aqueous solution is added to the citric acid aqueous solution and stirred; the sweet potato and wax gourd stem and leaf extract suspension is added during the stirring process to perform a chelation reaction and obtain a reaction liquid; urea, diammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate, borax, zinc sulfate, ammonium molybdate and humic acid are sequentially added to the reaction liquid and stirred; and granulation and drying are performed after the stirring is completed to obtain the amino acid-containing compound fertilizer.
[0015] Preferably, the mass fraction of lysine in the lysine aqueous solution is 30-50%; and / or the mass fraction of citric acid in the citric acid aqueous solution is 20-40%; and / or the mass fraction of the sweet potato stem and leaf extract in the sweet potato and wax gourd stem and leaf extract suspension is 5-10% and the mass fraction of the wax gourd stem and leaf extract is 5-10%.
[0016] Preferably, the chelation reaction is performed at a temperature of 40-60°C for 2-4 hours.
[0017] The application further provides an application of the amino acid-containing compound fertilizer in promoting crop growth, improving the stress resistance of crops or increasing the yield of crops.
[0018] The application has the following beneficial effects:
[0019] The amino acid-containing compound fertilizer of the present invention can provide sufficient nutrients for crop growth by compounding inorganic fertilizers, trace elements, lysine, citric acid, plant extracts and humic acid; during preparation, sweet potato stem and leaf extract and wax gourd stem and leaf extract are added simultaneously during the chelation reaction process, and the two can synergistically improve the lysine chelation effect with citric acid, prompting lysine to form a more stable chelate structure, so that the stability of lysine in the fertilizer is further improved, and at the same time, the flavonoids, phenolic acids, polysaccharides and some plant growth regulators contained therein can stimulate root growth and improve the plant's antioxidant, drought resistance and other stress resistance properties. The amino acid-containing compound fertilizer of the present invention is used as base fertilizer and topdressing for Chinese cabbage planting. Compared with commercially available chemical fertilizers, the application of the amino acid-containing compound fertilizer of the present invention increases plant height by 32.25%, leaf number by 21.01%, single plant weight by 15.25%, and plot yield by 48.83%, significantly improving the quality and yield of Chinese cabbage. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0020] The invention provides an amino acid-containing compound fertilizer. The fertilizer comprises the following raw materials: urea, diammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate, lysine, sweet potato stem and leaf extract, wax gourd stem and leaf extract, citric acid, borax, zinc sulfate, ammonium molybdate and humic acid.
[0021] In the present invention, the fertilizer preferably includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15-20 parts of urea, 15-20 parts of diammonium phosphate, 10-15 parts of potassium sulfate, 2-5 parts of lysine, 1-3 parts of sweet potato stem and leaf extract, 1-3 parts of wax gourd stem and leaf extract, 1-3 parts of citric acid, 0.5-1.5 parts of borax, 0.3-1 part of zinc sulfate, 0.1-0.5 part of ammonium molybdate and 3-8 parts of humic acid. The weight portion of the urea is further preferably 17 to 19 parts, more preferably 18 parts; the weight portion of the diammonium phosphate is further preferably 16 to 18 parts, more preferably 17 parts; the weight portion of potassium sulfate is further preferably 12 to 14 parts, more preferably 13 parts; the weight portion of lysine is further preferably 2.5 to 4 parts, more preferably 3 parts; the weight portion of the sweet potato stem and leaf extract is further preferably 1.5 to 2.5 parts, more preferably 2 parts; the weight portion of the wax gourd stem and leaf extract is further preferably 1.5 to 2.5 parts, more preferably 2 parts; the weight portion of citric acid is further preferably 1.5 to 2.5 parts, more preferably 2 parts; the weight portion of borax is further preferably 0.8 to 1.2 parts, more preferably 1 part; the weight portion of zinc sulfate is further preferably 0.4 to 0.8 parts, more preferably 0.6 parts; the weight portion of ammonium molybdate is further preferably 0.2 to 0.4 parts, more preferably 0.3 parts; and the weight portion of humic acid is further preferably 4 to 6 parts, more preferably 5 parts.
[0022] The source of the urea, diammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate, lysine, citric acid, borax, zinc sulfate, ammonium molybdate and humic acid is not particularly limited in the present application and can be obtained by a conventional route.
[0023] In the present application, the sweet potato stem and leaf extract is preferably an alcohol extract of sweet potato stem and leaf. As an optional embodiment, the preparation method of the sweet potato stem and leaf extract preferably comprises the following steps: washing and cutting the sweet potato stem and leaf; adding an ethanol solution and performing ultrasonic extraction; filtering, concentrating and drying the extract to obtain the sweet potato stem and leaf extract. The volume fraction of ethanol in the ethanol solution is preferably 70-80%, further preferably 72-78% and more preferably 75%. The mass-volume ratio of the sweet potato stem and leaf to the ethanol solution is preferably 1 g: 5-10 mL, further preferably 1 g: 6-9 mL and more preferably 1 g: 8 mL. The ultrasonic frequency is preferably 20-30 kHz, further preferably 22-28 kHz and more preferably 25 kHz. The ultrasonic time is preferably 30-40 min, further preferably 32-38 min and more preferably 35 min. The extraction times can be routinely selected according to actual needs and are preferably 1-3 times, more preferably 2 times. The extract is combined after extraction. The filtering, concentrating and drying methods of the extract can be routinely selected according to actual needs. After drying, the sweet potato stem and leaf powder extract is obtained.
[0024] In the present application, the wax gourd stem and leaf extract is preferably an alcohol extract of wax gourd stem and leaf. As an optional embodiment, the preparation method of the wax gourd stem and leaf extract preferably comprises the following steps: washing and cutting the wax gourd stem and leaf; adding an ethanol solution and performing ultrasonic extraction; filtering, concentrating and drying the extract to obtain the wax gourd stem and leaf extract. The volume fraction of ethanol in the ethanol solution is preferably 50-60%, further preferably 52-58% and more preferably 55%. The mass-volume ratio of the wax gourd stem and leaf to the ethanol solution is preferably 1 g: 8-12 mL, further preferably 1 g: 9-11 mL and more preferably 1 g: 10 mL. The ultrasonic frequency is preferably 20-30 kHz, further preferably 22-28 kHz and more preferably 25 kHz. The ultrasonic time is preferably 30-40 min, further preferably 32-38 min and more preferably 35 min. The extraction times can be routinely selected according to actual needs and are preferably 1-3 times, more preferably 2 times. The extract is combined after extraction. The filtering, concentrating and drying methods of the extract can be routinely selected according to actual needs. After drying, the wax gourd stem and leaf powder extract is obtained.
[0025] The present application also provides a preparation method of the amino acid-containing compound fertilizer, which preferably comprises the following steps:
[0026] Weigh the raw materials in parts by weight; dissolve the lysine and the citric acid in water respectively to obtain a lysine aqueous solution and a citric acid aqueous solution; mix the sweet potato stem and leaf extract and the wax gourd stem and leaf extract and dissolve them in water to obtain a sweet potato and wax gourd stem and leaf extract suspension; add the lysine aqueous solution to the citric acid aqueous solution and stir, and add the sweet potato and wax gourd stem and leaf extract suspension during the stirring process to carry out a chelation reaction to obtain a reaction solution; add urea, diammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate, borax, zinc sulfate, ammonium molybdate and humic acid to the reaction solution in sequence and stir; after stirring, granulate and dry to obtain an amino acid-containing compound fertilizer.
[0027] In the present invention, the mass fraction of lysine in the lysine aqueous solution is preferably 30% to 50%, more preferably 35% to 45%, and more preferably 40%; the mass fraction of citric acid in the citric acid aqueous solution is preferably 20% to 40%, more preferably 25% to 35%, and more preferably 30%; the mass fraction of sweet potato stem and leaf extract in the sweet potato and wax gourd stem and leaf extract suspension is preferably 5% to 10%, more preferably 6% to 8%, and more preferably 7.5%; the mass fraction of wax gourd stem and leaf extract in the sweet potato and wax gourd stem and leaf extract suspension is preferably 5% to 10%, more preferably 6% to 8%, and more preferably 7.5%.
[0028] In the present invention, the lysine aqueous solution is added to the citric acid aqueous solution and stirred; the stirring speed is preferably 200-300 r / min, more preferably 225-275 r / min, and more preferably 250 r / min; the sweet potato and wax gourd stem and leaf extract suspension is added during the stirring process to carry out a chelation reaction; the temperature of the chelation reaction is preferably 40-60°C, more preferably 45-55°C, and more preferably 50°C; the pH of the chelation reaction is preferably 4-6, more preferably 4.5-5.5, and more preferably 5; the time of the chelation reaction is preferably 2-4h, more preferably 2.5-3.5h, and more preferably 3h.
[0029] In the present invention, sweet potato stem and leaf extract and wax gourd stem and leaf extract are added during the lysine chelation reaction process. The flavonoids, phenolic acids and other components contained in these extracts can produce a synergistic effect with citric acid. The phenolic hydroxyl groups and other groups contained in the extracts can work together with the amino group of lysine and citric acid to form a more stable chelate structure, so that the stability of lysine in the fertilizer is further improved and the chelation effect of lysine is enhanced.
[0030] In the present invention, after the chelating reaction is completed, urea, diammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate, borax, zinc sulfate, ammonium molybdate and humic acid are added to the reaction solution in sequence and stirred to uniformly mix the raw materials. The stirring speed and time can be conventionally selected according to actual needs. As an optional embodiment, the stirring speed is preferably 150 to 250 r / min, more preferably 175 to 225 r / min, and more preferably 200 r / min; the stirring time is preferably 20 to 30 min, more preferably 22 to 28 min, and more preferably 25 min.
[0031] In the present invention, the material after stirring is granulated and dried to obtain the amino acid-containing compound fertilizer. The granulation and drying methods can be conventionally selected according to actual needs.
[0032] The present invention also provides an application of the compound fertilizer in promoting crop growth, improving crop stress resistance or increasing crop yield.
[0033] In the present invention, urea, diammonium phosphate and potassium sulfate in the amino acid-containing compound fertilizer can provide sufficient nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, which are basic nutrients necessary for plant growth. The compound fertilizer also contains various trace elements, such as boron, zinc and molybdenum, which promote plant growth and development as well as the absorption and metabolism of nutrient elements. Humic acid can improve soil structure, increase soil aeration and water retention, and is beneficial to plant root growth and nutrient absorption. At the same time, it can also improve fertilizer utilization. Lysine is a basic component unit of protein in plants and can be directly absorbed and utilized by plants, participating in various physiological activities in plants, such as enzyme synthesis of photosynthesis and respiration. Adding lysine to the compound fertilizer by chelation can improve the stability of lysine. The sweet potato stem and leaf extract and the wax gourd stem and leaf extract can not only synergistically improve the lysine chelation effect with citric acid, but also the flavonoids, phenolic acids, polysaccharides and some plant growth regulators contained therein can stimulate root growth and improve the plant's antioxidant and drought resistance properties. The present invention can provide sufficient nutrients for crop growth, promote crop growth, improve stress resistance, and thus increase crop yield by compounding inorganic fertilizers, trace elements, lysine, citric acid, plant extracts and humic acid.
[0034] In the present invention, the amino acid-containing compound fertilizer can be used as base fertilizer, and can also be used as topdressing. Because it contains chemical fertilizer components such as urea, diammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate, etc., it can provide necessary macronutrients for the initial stage of crop growth, trace elements such as borax, zinc sulfate, ammonium molybdate, etc. can also lay a nutrient foundation for the entire growth period of crops, lysine can be directly absorbed and utilized by plants, participates in the various physiological activities in the plant body, and organic components such as humic acid can improve soil structure, increase soil water and fertilizer retention capacity, and therefore can be used as base fertilizer. In the process of crop growth, along with the consumption of nutrients by crops, the nutrients in the soil gradually decrease, and the quick-acting nutrients (such as chemical fertilizer components such as urea) in the amino acid-containing compound fertilizer of the present invention can timely supplement the elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium required for crops, meet the demand for nutrients in the later stage of crop growth, and, the components such as amino acid (lysine), plant extracts, etc. can play the effect of regulating growth and enhancing stress resistance in the critical period of crop growth, and therefore can also be used as topdressing. Specific fertilization mode and application amount can be conventionally selected according to actual needs. For example, when applied as a base fertilizer for leafy vegetables, the application rate of the amino acid-containing compound fertilizer is preferably 20 to 60 kg / mu, more preferably 30 to 50 kg / mu, and more preferably 40 kg / mu. When applied as a topdressing fertilizer for leafy vegetables, the amino acid-containing compound fertilizer is preferably applied 1 to 3 times, more preferably 2 times; the amount of each topdressing is preferably 10 to 20 kg / mu, more preferably 12 to 18 kg / mu, and more preferably 15 kg / mu. There is no particular limitation on the types of crops to which the amino acid-containing compound fertilizer of the present invention can be applied, and can be conventionally selected according to actual needs.
[0035] The technical solutions provided by the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the embodiments, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0036] In the following examples, unless otherwise specified, all methods are conventional.
[0037] Unless otherwise specified, the materials and reagents used in the following examples can be obtained from commercial sources.
[0038] Example 1
[0039] A compound fertilizer containing amino acids. The fertilizer raw materials are as follows by weight: 18 parts of urea, 17 parts of diammonium phosphate, 13 parts of potassium sulfate, 3 parts of lysine, 2 parts of sweet potato stem and leaf extract, 2 parts of wax gourd stem and leaf extract, 2 parts of citric acid, 1 part of borax, 0.6 parts of zinc sulfate, 0.3 parts of ammonium molybdate and 5 parts of humic acid.
[0040] The preparation method of the sweet potato stem and leaf extract is as follows: washing and cutting the sweet potato stems and leaves; adding an ethanol solution with a volume fraction of 75%, with the volume ratio of the sweet potato stems and leaves to the ethanol solution being 1 g:8 mL; performing ultrasonic extraction with an ultrasonic frequency of 25 kHz and an extraction time of 35 minutes; filtering the extract, repeating the above operation on the filter residue, extracting again, filtering, and combining the filtrate; concentrating and drying to obtain the sweet potato stem and leaf extract.
[0041] The preparation method of the wax gourd stem and leaf extract is as follows: washing and cutting the wax gourd stem and leaves; adding an ethanol solution with a volume fraction of 55%, with the volume ratio of the wax gourd stem and leaves to the ethanol solution being 1 g:10 mL; performing ultrasonic extraction with an ultrasonic frequency of 25 kHz and an extraction time of 35 minutes; filtering the extract, repeating the above operation on the filter residue, extracting again, filtering, and combining the filtrate; concentrating and drying to obtain the wax gourd stem and leaf extract.
[0042] The preparation method of the amino acid-containing compound fertilizer comprises the following steps:
[0043] Raw material preparation: Weigh each raw material by weight; dissolve the lysine and the citric acid in water respectively to obtain a lysine aqueous solution and a citric acid aqueous solution, wherein the lysine mass fraction in the lysine aqueous solution is 40%, and the citric acid mass fraction in the citric acid aqueous solution is 30%; mix the sweet potato stem and leaf extract and the wax gourd stem and leaf extract, and dissolve them in water to obtain a sweet potato and wax gourd stem and leaf extract suspension, wherein the sweet potato stem and leaf extract mass fraction in the sweet potato stem and leaf extract suspension is 7.5%, and the wax gourd stem and leaf extract mass fraction is 7.5%;
[0044] Chelating reaction: adding the lysine aqueous solution to the citric acid aqueous solution and stirring at a stirring speed of 250 r / min, adding the suspension of the sweet potato and wax gourd stem and leaf extracts during stirring to carry out a chelating reaction. The chelating reaction temperature is 50° C., the pH is 5, and the reaction time is 3 h to obtain a reaction solution;
[0045] Raw material mixing: urea, diammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate, borax, zinc sulfate, ammonium molybdate and humic acid were added to the reaction solution in sequence and stirred at a stirring speed of 200 r / min for 25 min;
[0046] Granulation: After stirring, granulation and drying are carried out to obtain amino acid compound fertilizer.
[0047] Example 2
[0048] A compound fertilizer containing amino acids. The fertilizer raw materials are as follows by weight: 15 parts of urea, 15 parts of diammonium phosphate, 10 parts of potassium sulfate, 2 parts of lysine, 1 part of sweet potato stem and leaf extract, 1 part of wax gourd stem and leaf extract, 1 part of citric acid, 0.5 part of borax, 0.3 part of zinc sulfate, 0.1 part of ammonium molybdate and 3 parts of humic acid.
[0049] The preparation method of the sweet potato stem and leaf extract is as follows: washing and cutting the sweet potato stems and leaves; adding an ethanol solution with a volume fraction of 70%, with the volume ratio of the sweet potato stems and leaves to the ethanol solution being 1 g:10 mL; performing ultrasonic extraction with an ultrasonic frequency of 20 kHz and an extraction time of 40 minutes; filtering, concentrating, and drying the extract to obtain the sweet potato stem and leaf extract.
[0050] The preparation method of the wax gourd stem and leaf extract is as follows: washing and cutting the wax gourd stem and leaves; adding an ethanol solution with a volume fraction of 50%, with the volume ratio of the wax gourd stem and leaves to the ethanol solution being 1 g:12 mL; performing ultrasonic extraction with an ultrasonic frequency of 20 kHz and an extraction time of 40 minutes; filtering, concentrating, and drying the extract to obtain the wax gourd stem and leaf extract.
[0051] The preparation method of the amino acid-containing compound fertilizer comprises the following steps:
[0052] Raw material preparation: Weigh each raw material by weight; dissolve the lysine and the citric acid in water respectively to obtain a lysine aqueous solution and a citric acid aqueous solution, wherein the lysine mass fraction in the lysine aqueous solution is 30%, and the citric acid mass fraction in the citric acid aqueous solution is 20%; mix the sweet potato stem and leaf extract and the wax gourd stem and leaf extract, and dissolve them in water to obtain a sweet potato and wax gourd stem and leaf extract suspension, wherein the sweet potato stem and leaf extract mass fraction in the sweet potato stem and leaf extract suspension is 5%, and the wax gourd stem and leaf extract mass fraction in the wax gourd stem and leaf extract suspension is 5%;
[0053] Chelating reaction: adding the lysine aqueous solution to the citric acid aqueous solution and stirring at a stirring speed of 200 r / min, adding the suspension of the sweet potato and wax gourd stem and leaf extracts during the stirring process to carry out a chelating reaction. The chelating reaction temperature is 60° C., the pH is 4, and the time is 2 h to obtain a reaction solution;
[0054] Raw material mixing: urea, diammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate, borax, zinc sulfate, ammonium molybdate and humic acid were added to the reaction solution in sequence and stirred at a stirring speed of 150 r / min for 30 min;
[0055] Granulation: After stirring, granulation and drying are carried out to obtain amino acid compound fertilizer.
[0056] Example 3
[0057] A compound fertilizer containing amino acids, wherein the raw materials of the fertilizer are as follows by weight: 20 parts of urea, 20 parts of diammonium phosphate, 15 parts of potassium sulfate, 5 parts of lysine, 3 parts of sweet potato stem and leaf extract, 3 parts of wax gourd stem and leaf extract, 3 parts of citric acid, 1.5 parts of borax, 1 part of zinc sulfate, 0.5 part of ammonium molybdate and 8 parts of humic acid.
[0058] The preparation method of the sweet potato stem and leaf extract is as follows: washing and cutting the sweet potato stems and leaves; adding an ethanol solution with a volume fraction of 80%, with the volume ratio of the sweet potato stems and leaves to the ethanol solution being 1 g:5 mL; performing ultrasonic extraction at an ultrasonic frequency of 30 kHz and an extraction time of 30 minutes; filtering the extract, repeating the above operation twice on the filter residue, filtering and combining the filtrates; concentrating and drying to obtain the sweet potato stem and leaf extract.
[0059] The preparation method of the wax gourd stem and leaf extract is as follows: washing and cutting the wax gourd stem and leaves; adding a 60% volume fraction ethanol solution, with the volume ratio of the wax gourd stem and leaves to the ethanol solution being 1 g:8 mL; performing ultrasonic extraction at an ultrasonic frequency of 30 kHz and an extraction time of 30 minutes; filtering the extract, repeating the above operation twice on the filter residue, filtering and combining the filtrate; concentrating and drying to obtain the wax gourd stem and leaf extract.
[0060] The preparation method of the amino acid-containing compound fertilizer comprises the following steps:
[0061] Raw material preparation: Weigh each raw material by weight; dissolve the lysine and the citric acid in water respectively to obtain a lysine aqueous solution and a citric acid aqueous solution, wherein the mass fraction of lysine in the lysine aqueous solution is 50%, and the mass fraction of citric acid in the citric acid aqueous solution is 40%; mix the sweet potato stem and leaf extract and the wax gourd stem and leaf extract, and dissolve them in water to obtain a sweet potato and wax gourd stem and leaf extract suspension, wherein the mass fraction of the sweet potato stem and leaf extract in the sweet potato and wax gourd stem and leaf extract suspension is 10%, and the mass fraction of the wax gourd stem and leaf extract is 10%;
[0062] Chelating reaction: adding the lysine aqueous solution to the citric acid aqueous solution and stirring at a stirring speed of 300 r / min, adding the suspension of the sweet potato and wax gourd stem and leaf extracts during the stirring process to carry out a chelating reaction. The chelating reaction temperature is 40° C., the pH is 6, and the time is 4 hours to obtain a reaction solution;
[0063] Raw material mixing: urea, diammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate, borax, zinc sulfate, ammonium molybdate and humic acid were added to the reaction solution in sequence and stirred at a stirring speed of 250 r / min for 20 min;
[0064] Granulation: After stirring, granulation and drying are carried out to obtain amino acid compound fertilizer.
[0065] Example 4
[0066] A compound fertilizer containing amino acids, wherein the fertilizer raw materials are as follows by weight: 17 parts of urea, 16 parts of diammonium phosphate, 12 parts of potassium sulfate, 2.5 parts of lysine, 1.5 parts of sweet potato stem and leaf extract, 1.5 parts of wax gourd stem and leaf extract, 1.5 parts of citric acid, 0.8 parts of borax, 0.4 parts of zinc sulfate, 0.2 parts of ammonium molybdate and 4 parts of humic acid.
[0067] The preparation method of the sweet potato stem and leaf extract is as follows: washing and cutting the sweet potato stems and leaves; adding an ethanol solution with a volume fraction of 72%, with the volume ratio of the sweet potato stems and leaves to the ethanol solution being 1 g:9 mL; performing ultrasonic extraction at an ultrasonic frequency of 22 kHz and an extraction time of 38 minutes; filtering the extract, repeating the above operation on the filter residue, extracting again, filtering, and combining the filtrate; concentrating and drying to obtain the sweet potato stem and leaf extract.
[0068] The preparation method of the wax gourd stem and leaf extract is as follows: washing and cutting the wax gourd stems and leaves; adding an ethanol solution with a volume fraction of 52%, with the volume ratio of the wax gourd stems and leaves to the ethanol solution being 1 g:11 mL; performing ultrasonic extraction with an ultrasonic frequency of 22 kHz and an extraction time of 38 minutes; filtering the extract, repeating the above operation on the filter residue, extracting again, filtering, and combining the filtrate; concentrating and drying to obtain the wax gourd stem and leaf extract.
[0069] The preparation method of the amino acid-containing compound fertilizer comprises the following steps:
[0070] Raw material preparation: Weigh each raw material by weight; dissolve the lysine and the citric acid in water respectively to obtain a lysine aqueous solution and a citric acid aqueous solution, wherein the lysine mass fraction in the lysine aqueous solution is 35%, and the citric acid mass fraction in the citric acid aqueous solution is 25%; mix the sweet potato stem and leaf extract and the wax gourd stem and leaf extract, and dissolve them in water to obtain a sweet potato and wax gourd stem and leaf extract suspension, wherein the sweet potato stem and leaf extract mass fraction in the sweet potato stem and leaf extract suspension is 6%, and the wax gourd stem and leaf extract mass fraction in the wax gourd stem and leaf extract suspension is 6%;
[0071] Chelating reaction: adding the lysine aqueous solution to the citric acid aqueous solution and stirring at a stirring speed of 225 r / min, adding the suspension of the sweet potato and wax gourd stem and leaf extracts during stirring to carry out a chelating reaction. The chelating reaction temperature is 55° C., the pH is 4.5, and the reaction time is 2.5 h to obtain a reaction solution;
[0072] Raw material mixing: urea, diammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate, borax, zinc sulfate, ammonium molybdate and humic acid were added to the reaction solution in sequence and stirred at a stirring speed of 175 r / min for 28 min;
[0073] Granulation: After stirring, granulation and drying are carried out to obtain amino acid compound fertilizer.
[0074] Example 5
[0075] A compound fertilizer containing amino acids, wherein the fertilizer raw materials are as follows by weight: 19 parts of urea, 18 parts of diammonium phosphate, 14 parts of potassium sulfate, 4 parts of lysine, 2.5 parts of sweet potato stem and leaf extract, 2.5 parts of wax gourd stem and leaf extract, 2.5 parts of citric acid, 1.2 parts of borax, 0.8 parts of zinc sulfate, 0.4 parts of ammonium molybdate and 6 parts of humic acid.
[0076] The preparation method of the sweet potato stem and leaf extract is as follows: washing and cutting the sweet potato stems and leaves; adding an ethanol solution with a volume fraction of 78%, with the volume ratio of the sweet potato stems and leaves to the ethanol solution being 1 g:6 mL; performing ultrasonic extraction at an ultrasonic frequency of 28 kHz and an extraction time of 32 minutes; filtering the extract, repeating the above operation twice on the filter residue, filtering and combining the filtrates; concentrating and drying to obtain the sweet potato stem and leaf extract.
[0077] The preparation method of the wax gourd stem and leaf extract is as follows: washing and cutting the wax gourd stem and leaves; adding an ethanol solution with a volume fraction of 58%, with the volume ratio of the wax gourd stem and leaves to the ethanol solution being 1 g:9 mL; performing ultrasonic extraction with an ultrasonic frequency of 28 kHz and an extraction time of 32 minutes; filtering the extract, repeating the above operation twice on the filter residue, filtering and combining the filtrate; concentrating and drying to obtain the wax gourd stem and leaf extract.
[0078] The preparation method of the amino acid-containing compound fertilizer comprises the following steps:
[0079] Raw material preparation: Weigh each raw material by weight; dissolve the lysine and the citric acid in water respectively to obtain a lysine aqueous solution and a citric acid aqueous solution, wherein the lysine mass fraction in the lysine aqueous solution is 45%, and the citric acid mass fraction in the citric acid aqueous solution is 35%; mix the sweet potato stem and leaf extract and the wax gourd stem and leaf extract, and dissolve them in water to obtain a sweet potato and wax gourd stem and leaf extract suspension, wherein the sweet potato stem and leaf extract mass fraction and the wax gourd stem and leaf extract mass fraction in the sweet potato and wax gourd stem and leaf extract suspension are 8% and 8% respectively;
[0080] Chelating reaction: adding the lysine aqueous solution to the citric acid aqueous solution and stirring at a stirring speed of 275 r / min, adding the suspension of the sweet potato and wax gourd stem and leaf extracts during stirring to carry out a chelating reaction. The chelating reaction temperature is 45° C., the pH is 5.5, and the reaction time is 3.5 h to obtain a reaction solution;
[0081] Raw material mixing: urea, diammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate, borax, zinc sulfate, ammonium molybdate and humic acid were added to the reaction solution in sequence and stirred at a stirring speed of 225 r / min for 22 min;
[0082] Granulation: After stirring, granulation and drying are carried out to obtain amino acid compound fertilizer.
[0083] Comparative Examples 1 to 3
[0084] An amino acid-containing compound fertilizer, the weight parts of each raw material are shown in Table 1:
[0085] Table 1 Composition of raw materials of amino acid compound fertilizers of comparative examples 1 to 3
[0086]
[0087]
[0088] The preparation method of the sweet potato stem and leaf extract or wax gourd stem and leaf extract is the same as that in Example 1.
[0089] Preparation method of the amino acid-containing compound fertilizer: The preparation methods of Comparative Examples 1 to 3 are the same as those of Example 1 except that the above raw material compositions are different and the raw materials added during the chelating reaction are different, and the remaining steps are the same.
[0090] Test Example 1
[0091] The amino acid-containing compound fertilizer prepared in Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3, as well as a commercially available chemical fertilizer (15-15-15), was used to carry out a pakchoy planting experiment in a vegetable greenhouse. The pakchoy variety was Jingyan Kuaicai. The experiment set up 5 treatments, including the experimental group (Example 1), control group 1 (Comparative Example 1), control group 2 (Comparative Example 2), control group 3 (Comparative Example 3), and control group 4 (commercially available chemical fertilizer). Each treatment was repeated 3 times. A randomized block arrangement was used. The plot area was 2m×3m, and 100 pakchoy plants were planted in each plot.
[0092] The experimental and control groups received 1 to 4 doses of fertilizer as a base application, at a rate of 40 kg / mu. The first topdressing was performed when the pakchoy seedlings had grown 3 to 4 true leaves, at a rate of 15 kg / mu. The second topdressing was performed when the pakchoy seedlings had grown 8 to 10 true leaves and were about to enter the rosette stage, at a rate of 15 kg / mu. All other management measures were the same across all treatment groups.
[0093] At harvest time, 10 plants were randomly selected from each treatment group to measure plant height, leaf number, plant weight, and average yield of the plot. The results are shown in Table 2.
[0094] Table 2 Quality and yield of Chinese cabbage under different treatments
[0095] Group Plant height (cm) Leaf number Individual weight (g) Plot yield (kg) Experimental group 39.90 14.40 347.60 31.80 Control group 1 37.78 13.90 335.10 28.37 Control group 2 38.04 13.70 333.90 27.70 Control group 3 34.45 12.50 316.60 25.40 Control group 4 30.17 11.90 301.60 21.37
[0096] As can be seen from the results of Table 2, the amino acid-containing compound fertilizer of the present application can significantly improve the plant height, leaf number, single plant weight and yield of Chinese flowering cabbage; compared with the commercial fertilizer (control group 4), the plant height is increased by 32.25%, the leaf number is increased by 21.01%, the single plant weight is increased by 15.25%, and the plot yield is increased by 48.83% when the amino acid-containing compound fertilizer of the present application is applied; compared with the raw material discarded sweet potato stem and leaf extract (control group 1) or wax gourd stem and leaf extract (control group 2), the plant height is increased by 4.89% to 5.61%, the leaf number is increased by 3.60% to 5.11%, the single plant weight is increased by 3.73% to 4.10%, and the plot yield is increased by 12.10% to 14.80% when the amino acid-containing compound fertilizer of the present application is applied; compared with the raw material discarded sweet potato stem and leaf extract and wax gourd stem and leaf extract (control group 3), the plant height is increased by 15.82%, the leaf number is increased by 15.20%, the single plant weight is increased by 9.79%, and the plot yield is increased by 25.20% when the amino acid-containing compound fertilizer of the present application is applied. It is shown that the amino acid-containing compound fertilizer of the present application can provide sufficient nutrients for crop growth by compounding inorganic fertilizer, trace elements, lysine, citric acid, plant extract and humic acid, and at the same time, the sweet potato stem and leaf extract and wax gourd stem and leaf extract are added in the chelation process, which can not only improve the chelation effect of lysine in cooperation with citric acid, but also contains flavonoids, phenolic acids, polysaccharides and some plant growth regulating substances, etc., which can stimulate root growth, improve plant antioxidant, drought resistance and other stress resistance, and the synergistic effect of various components ultimately realizes the improvement of crop quality and yield.
[0097] The above only describes the preferred embodiments of the present application, and it should be noted that those skilled in the art can make some improvements and refinements without departing from the principles of the present application, and these improvements and refinements should also be considered as the protection scope of the present application.
Claims
1. An amino acid-containing compound fertilizer, characterized in that: The amino acid-containing compound fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15-20 parts of urea, 15-20 parts of diammonium phosphate, 10-15 parts of potassium sulfate, 2-5 parts of lysine, 1-3 parts of sweet potato stem and leaf extract, 1-3 parts of wax gourd stem and leaf extract, 1-3 parts of citric acid, 0.5-1.5 parts of borax, 0.3-1 parts of zinc sulfate, 0.1-0.5 parts of ammonium molybdate, and 3-8 parts of humic acid; The preparation method of the sweet potato stem and leaf extract comprises the following steps: washing and cutting the sweet potato stem and leaf; adding ethanol solution and ultrasonically extracting; filtering, concentrating and drying the extract to obtain the sweet potato stem and leaf extract; The preparation method of the wax gourd stem and leaf extract comprises the following steps: washing and cutting the wax gourd stem and leaf; adding ethanol solution and ultrasonically extracting; filtering, concentrating and drying the extract to obtain the wax gourd stem and leaf extract.
2. The amino acid-containing compound fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that In the preparation method of the sweet potato stem and leaf extract, the volume fraction of ethanol in the ethanol solution is 70% to 80%.
3. The amino acid-containing compound fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that In the preparation method of the wax gourd stem and leaf extract, the volume fraction of ethanol in the ethanol solution is 50% to 60%.
4. The method for preparing the amino acid-containing compound fertilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The preparation method comprises the following steps: Weigh the raw materials in parts by weight; dissolve the lysine and the citric acid in water respectively to obtain a lysine aqueous solution and a citric acid aqueous solution; mix the sweet potato stem and leaf extract and the wax gourd stem and leaf extract and dissolve them in water to obtain a sweet potato and wax gourd stem and leaf extract suspension; add the lysine aqueous solution to the citric acid aqueous solution and stir, and add the sweet potato and wax gourd stem and leaf extract suspension during the stirring process to carry out a chelation reaction to obtain a reaction solution; add urea, diammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate, borax, zinc sulfate, ammonium molybdate and humic acid to the reaction solution in sequence and stir; after stirring, granulate and dry to obtain an amino acid-containing compound fertilizer.
5. The preparation method according to claim 4, characterized in that The mass fraction of lysine in the lysine aqueous solution is 30% to 50%; and / or the mass fraction of citric acid in the citric acid aqueous solution is 20% to 40%; and / or the mass fraction of sweet potato stem and leaf extract in the sweet potato and wax gourd stem and leaf extract suspension is 5% to 10%, and the mass fraction of wax gourd stem and leaf extract is 5% to 10%.
6. The preparation method according to claim 4, characterized in that The chelation reaction temperature is 40-60° C. and the reaction time is 2-4 hours.
7. Use of the amino acid-containing compound fertilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 3 in promoting crop growth, improving crop stress resistance or increasing crop yield.
Citation Information
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