Consumable electrode for melting multi-element high-temperature titanium alloy and preparation method of titanium alloy ingot

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of non-ferrous metal smelting, and relates to a consumable electrode for melting multi-element high-temperature titanium alloys and a preparation method of a titanium alloy ingot. In this preparation method, the sub-electrode blocks have a special concave-convex structure that can be nested, and the groove-type cavity contains powdery master alloy, which is beneficial to the assembly welding between the consumable electrode blocks. At the same time, combined with a reasonable three-time VAR melting process, it can effectively solve the problems that in the preparation of multi-element titanium alloys, due to the contamination of the inner wall of the mold and the "dusting" loss during the mixing and pressing processes of the powdery master alloy, the accuracy of the composition is affected, and the structural strength of the consumable electrode block is affected due to the concentrated distribution of a large amount of powdery master alloy; at the same time, according to the structure of the consumable electrode block itself, a small melting rate and stable melting are adopted during the first VAR melting process, and a high melting rate melting strategy is adopted during the second and third VAR melting processes, which not only ensures the quality and composition uniformity of the ingot, but also ensures the production efficiency of the ingot.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of non-ferrous metal smelting, relates to the smelting of multi-element high-temperature titanium alloys, and specifically relates to a consumable electrode for smelting multi-element high-temperature titanium alloys and a preparation method of a titanium alloy ingot. Background Art

[0002] Titanium alloys have the characteristics of high specific strength, low density, corrosion resistance, oxidation resistance, and good creep resistance, and have become the preferred materials in the aerospace field. Currently, in order to meet the application requirements of aircraft engines in terms of reducing the fuselage weight and increasing the thrust-to-weight ratio, conventional titanium alloys (such as Ti-6Al-4V) can no longer meet the service requirements at higher temperatures. Therefore, it is required that titanium alloys must still have good strength, toughness, plasticity, fatigue, and creep properties in a high-temperature environment (550°C to 700°C), and at the same time need to have excellent oxidation resistance and tissue stability.

[0003] In order to meet the service requirements of the above high-temperature environment, titanium alloys are developing towards the multi-principal element direction, that is, by adding many high-melting-point chemical elements or rare earth elements to increase the melting point of titanium alloys, improve the tissue stability and various high-temperature mechanical properties of titanium alloys. For example, Ti150, Ti60, Ti65, Ti650, etc. The types of elements in such titanium alloys can reach up to 12, and elements such as W, Ta, C, O, and Y in the alloy are mostly introduced in the form of powder intermediate alloys. However, due to the large number of element types contained in high-temperature titanium alloys, it is itself a technical problem to obtain an ingot with uniform and accurate composition by VAR smelting. In current production practices, in order to obtain an ingot with uniform and accurate composition, scientific research and production units generally adopt the method of pressing a single-piece electrode mixture, that is, first pressing several small electrode blocks, and finally assembling and welding the electrode blocks to obtain a consumable electrode, which is convenient for performing multiple VAR smelting to obtain a titanium alloy ingot.

[0004] However, although the above production mode can well improve the problem of composition uniformity through mixing single-piece electrode blocks, when melting multi-element high-temperature titanium alloy ingots, due to the relatively large proportion of powdered master alloys, the powdered master alloys will not be accurately introduced into the ingot during the single-piece mixing process in the ways of "dusting", "settling to the bottom" or adhering to the inner surface of the mold, thus affecting the compositional accuracy and uniformity. In addition, there is also a method of wrapping a variety of powdered master alloys into several small packages in the form of "tundish" and then pressing them into the electrode blocks. However, if the powdered master alloys or the packages of master alloys are concentratedly distributed in the electrode blocks, it will affect the structural strength of the electrode blocks and then cause the electrode blocks to crack; moreover, in the area where the powdered master alloys are concentratedly distributed, especially at the edge of the electrode block, the arc is very unstable during melting. If the powdered high-melting-point master alloy is distributed at the edge of the electrode block and a relatively large melting rate is used during a single VAR melting process, it is easy for the local low-melting-point raw materials to be preferentially and rapidly melted due to the melting rate fluctuation, and then drive the surrounding high-melting-point powdered raw materials to directly fall into the molten pool without melting, resulting in "block dropping". These high-melting-point and refractory master alloys entering the molten pool in the form of "block dropping" will form high-density inclusions. In addition, at present, most of the consumable electrode blocks used for VAR melting in titanium alloy ingot production enterprises are approximately cylindrical or square-shaped. When assembling the whole consumable electrode, only the large flat surfaces between the electrode blocks can be used to fit and assemble with each other and then welded. This method requires "alignment" measurement for each electrode block during assembly, and the assembly effect is not good, and the straightness of the consumable electrode is poor. At the same time, when welding, it is necessary to perform circumferential welding on the gaps between the electrode blocks, and the welding efficiency is also very low.

[0005] In view of this, the present invention is specifically proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, and provide a consumable electrode for melting multi-element high-temperature titanium alloy and a preparation method of a titanium alloy ingot, realizing the improvement of the structure of the consumable electrode block and the improvement and optimization of the melting process.

[0007] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0008] On the one hand, the present invention provides a consumable electrode block for melting multi-element high-temperature titanium alloy. The consumable electrode block includes a plurality of sub-electrode blocks with the same structure formed by pressing; a groove group is provided on the upper end surface of each sub-electrode block, and a protrusion group is provided on the lower end surface. The position where the protrusion group is provided corresponds to the position where the groove group is provided; among adjacent sub-electrode blocks, the protrusion group of the upper sub-electrode block and the groove group of the lower sub-electrode block are nested with each other and form a consumable electrode block through pressing, and the groove group of the lower sub-electrode block contains powdered master alloy.

[0009] Specifically, the groove group includes a plurality of "inverted trapezoid" grooves, and the protrusion group includes a plurality of "inverted trapezoid" protrusions. The "inverted trapezoid" grooves and the "inverted trapezoid" protrusions correspond to each other one by one, which is convenient for the assembly and welding of multiple sub-electrode blocks. This can not only ensure the flatness of the assembled consumable electrode block, but also help improve the welding efficiency and quality to ensure the structural strength of the consumable electrode.

[0010] Further, the included angles of all adjacent planes at the "inverted trapezoid" groove and the "inverted trapezoid" protrusion are all > 100°; the depth of the "inverted trapezoid" groove is 30 mm to 80 mm, and the height of the "inverted trapezoid" protrusion is 30 mm to 80 mm; define the distance from the central axis of the longitudinal section of the "inverted trapezoid" groove or the "inverted trapezoid" protrusion to the edge of the corresponding consumable electrode block as

[0011] d , and , where is the width of the longitudinal section of the consumable electrode block.

[0012] On the other hand, the present invention provides a method for preparing a consumable electrode block for melting multi-element high-temperature titanium alloy. Define the total addition amount of the powdered master alloy as C, and the weight of a single consumable electrode block as D. If the total addition amount of the powdered master alloy C ≤ 8%D, the preparation of a single consumable electrode block is completed by two pressings; if the total addition amount of the powdered master alloy C > 8%D, the preparation of a single consumable electrode block is completed by three pressings.

[0013] The applicant needs to state that the consumable electrode block provided by the present invention adopts a nested electrode block structure, which is convenient for assembly and welding to form a whole consumable electrode; when the total addition amount of the powdered master alloy C ≤ 8%D, a single consumable electrode block is formed by nesting the upper and lower two parts of sub-electrode blocks with the same structure and performing secondary pressing. The structure of the lower part of the sub-electrode block with "inverted trapezoid" grooves can be used as a cavity to evenly arrange and accommodate the powdered master alloy, and the structure of the upper part of the sub-electrode block with "inverted trapezoid" protrusions is nested and combined with the "inverted trapezoid" groove structure of the current sub-electrode block and forms a complete consumable electrode block after secondary pressing; moreover, the "inverted trapezoid" grooves in the upper part and the "inverted trapezoid" protrusions in the lower part of the pressed single consumable electrode block can still be used to nest the next consumable electrode block.

[0014] The single sub-electrode block mentioned here contains two "inverted trapezoidal" grooves, where the angles of all adjacent planes at the nested "inverted trapezoidal" grooves are greater than 100°. This structural design can avoid the electrode block from cracking due to stress concentration during the pressing process due to the small angle between two adjacent planes. In addition, the depth of the "inverted trapezoidal" groove structure is 30mm~80mm, and the distance from the longitudinal section center axis of the "inverted trapezoidal" groove or "inverted trapezoidal" protrusion to the edge of the consumable electrode block is defined as d ,and ,in, The width of the longitudinal section of the consumable electrode block can avoid the groove being too close to the edge of the electrode block. Such a structural design takes into account that during the VAR smelting process, the high-energy arc is generally concentrated in the central part of the longitudinal section of the consumable electrode, and the closer to the edge of the consumable electrode, the more dispersed the arc energy; if the "inverted trapezoidal" groove is too close to the edge of the longitudinal section of the electrode block, on the one hand, it will affect the melting effect of the powdered intermediate alloy, and on the other hand, it will affect the structural strength of the edge of the electrode block.

[0015] To expand on this, if the total amount of powdered master alloy added C ≤ 8% D, the uniformly mixed granular, shavings or block raw materials are divided into 2 parts, and the preparation process of a single consumable electrode block is as follows:

[0016] First, pour the first batch of evenly mixed granular, shavings or block raw materials into the hydraulic press cavity for the first pressing. Set the pressure to 10MPa~15MPa and hold the pressure for 3s~6s to ensure that two grooves are pressed out of the current raw materials.

[0017] Then, the weighed and evenly mixed powdered master alloy is poured evenly into the two grooves;

[0018] Finally, the second batch of raw materials in the form of particles, chips or blocks are evenly covered on the powdered master alloy in the two grooves, and the consumable electrode blocks are obtained by pressing for the second time. The pressure is set to 20MPa~30MPa and the pressure holding time is 5s~10s. During the two pressing processes, the density of the raw materials after the first pressing is ≤2.0g / cm 3 After the second pressing, the density of the entire consumable electrode block is ≥3.7g / cm 3 .

[0019] It should be noted that when a single electrode block is prepared by secondary pressing, the preparation idea is as follows: (1) First, a portion of granular, shavings or block raw materials are poured into the hydraulic press cavity for the first pressing. A relatively small pressure should be used for the first pressing, which can ensure that a portion of the granular, shavings or block raw materials are preformed ("inverted trapezoidal" groove structure). However, under the small pressure, the granular, shavings or block raw materials still have a certain degree of looseness, and at the same time provide a certain bonding space for the secondary pressing. At this time, the middle part of the granular, shavings or block raw materials in the cavity is (1) Press out two "inverted trapezoidal" grooves; (2) then pour the weighed single portion of mixed powdered intermediate alloy evenly into the two "inverted trapezoidal" grooves; (3) After the powdered intermediate alloy is laid, pour another portion of granular, shavings or block raw materials on top of all the raw materials pressed for the first time. At this time, it is necessary to ensure that the newly poured granular, shavings or block raw materials completely cover the powdered intermediate alloy. Finally, apply a greater pressure than the first pressing to complete the second pressing to prepare a single complete electrode block. Subsequent electrode blocks are completed by repeating the above steps.

[0020] In addition, the nested electrode block can dynamically adjust the distribution method according to the type and amount of powdered master alloy. If the amount of master alloy added is large or there are many types of master alloys, such as when the total amount of powdered master alloy added C>8%D, a double-layer electrode block structure with "inverted trapezoidal" grooves (a total of 4 "inverted trapezoidal" groove cavities) with a shape similar to that of the secondary pressed electrode block can be formed by three pressings to evenly distribute all powdered master alloys.

[0021] Specifically, if the total amount of powdered master alloy added C>8%D, the uniformly mixed granular, chip-like or block-like raw materials are divided into 3 parts, and the uniformly mixed powdered master alloy is divided into 2 parts. The preparation process of a single consumable electrode block is as follows:

[0022] First, pour the first batch of evenly mixed granular, shavings or block raw materials into the hydraulic press cavity for the first pressing. Set the pressure to 10MPa~15MPa and hold the pressure for 3s~6s to ensure that two grooves are pressed out of the current raw materials.

[0023] Then, the first portion of the mixed powdered master alloy is evenly poured into the two grooves;

[0024] Then, the second portion of the mixed granular, chip-like or block-like raw materials are evenly covered on the powdered master alloy in the two grooves, and a second pressing is performed, with the set pressure being 15MPa~20MPa and the holding time being 3s~6s;

[0025] Next, the second portion of the mixed powdered master alloy is added into the two grooves after the second pressing;

[0026] Finally, the third batch of granular, shaving or block raw materials are evenly covered on the powdered master alloy in the two grooves after the second pressing, and the consumable electrode block is pressed for the third time. The pressure is set to 20MPa~30MPa and the pressure holding time is 5s~10s. During the three pressing processes, the density of the raw materials after the first and second pressing is ≤2.0g / cm 3 After the third pressing, the density of the entire consumable electrode block is ≥3.7g / cm 3 .

[0027] It should be noted that when a single electrode block is prepared by three-stage pressing, the preparation idea is as follows: (1) first pour a portion of granular, chip-like or block-like raw materials into the hydraulic press cavity for the first pressing. A relatively small pressure should be used for the first pressing, which can ensure that a portion of the raw materials are preformed ("inverted trapezoidal" groove structure). However, under the small pressure, this portion of the raw materials still has a certain degree of looseness, and at the same time provides a certain tolerance space for the second pressing. At this time, the granular, chip-like or block-like raw materials in the cavity are pressed into two "inverted trapezoidal" grooves; (2) then the weighed portion of the mixed powdered intermediate alloy is evenly poured into the two "inverted trapezoidal" grooves; (3) after the powdered intermediate alloy is laid, another portion of the granular, chip-like or block-like raw materials is poured into the cavity. Pour the granular, chip-like or block-like raw materials onto all the raw materials pressed in the first pressing. At this time, it is necessary to ensure that the newly poured granular, chip-like or block-like raw materials completely cover the powdered intermediate alloy. Then, a greater pressure than the first pressing is applied to complete the second pressing. After the second pressing is completed, two "inverted trapezoidal" grooves can still be formed. At this time, another part of the powdered intermediate alloy can be evenly poured into the two "inverted trapezoidal" grooves; (4) After the second part of the powdered intermediate alloy is laid, the last part of the granular, chip-like or block-like raw materials is poured onto all the raw materials pressed in the second pressing. At this time, it is necessary to ensure that the newly poured raw materials completely cover the powdered intermediate alloy. Finally, a greater pressure than the second pressing is applied to prepare a single complete electrode block through three pressings.

[0028] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a method for preparing a consumable electrode for smelting a multi-component high-temperature titanium alloy, using a plurality of consumable electrode blocks for smelting a multi-component high-temperature titanium alloy as described above, or a consumable electrode block prepared by the preparation method as described above, and evenly paving a plurality of powdered intermediate alloys in the groove group to ensure the structural strength of the consumable electrode block, and realizing assembly and welding of the consumable electrode blocks by nesting.

[0029] Furthermore, the assembly welding of the consumable electrode block is specifically as follows:

[0030] ①Nested combination of consumable electrode blocks:

[0031] Before welding, place all the consumable electrode blocks on the welding material rack of the plasma welding box, and sequentially carry out the nested assembly of the "grooves" and "protrusions". After the assembly is completed, squeeze all the consumable electrode blocks through the clamping devices at both ends of the material rack until the gap between the consumable electrode blocks ≤ 5 mm (meeting the welding requirements) to obtain the consumable electrode to be welded and assembled;

[0032] ② Vacuum plasma welding:

[0033] Before welding, evacuate first. When the pre-vacuum inside the welding box ≤ 5 Pa, start welding by striking an arc. During welding, the plasma welding torch moves uniformly from one end to the other end of the consumable electrode to be welded and assembled to weld the gaps between the consumable electrode blocks, and adopt the "one"-shaped welding method to ensure that the weld completely covers the gaps between the consumable electrode blocks, and the weld width ≥ 40 mm;

[0034] The relevant parameters in the welding process include: welding current is 0.2 kA to 0.4 kA, welding voltage is 30 V to 70 V, and welding speed is 10 mm / s to 40 mm / s;

[0035] When one side of the entire consumable electrode is welded, cool it for at least 0.5 h first, and then flip the welding material rack through the flipping mechanism of the welding box material rack to weld the other side of the consumable electrode. Repeat the above welding process. After the welding of the last weld is completed, turn off the welding torch and cool it. After cooling for at least 1.5 h, open the box and take out the consumable electrode.

[0036] Finally, the present invention also provides a method for preparing a multi-element high-temperature titanium alloy ingot. First, use the consumable electrode for melting the multi-element high-temperature titanium alloy as described above, evenly lay a variety of powdery master alloys through the groove group to ensure the structural strength of the consumable electrode block, and realize the assembly welding of the consumable electrode through nesting; then adjust the VAR melting process to realize the preparation of the target ingot, so as to improve the quality, production efficiency and accuracy and uniformity after introducing the powdery master alloy elements of the target ingot.

[0037] Further, the preparation method specifically includes the following steps,

[0038] Step 1, batching: First, weigh the raw materials required for the master alloy according to the composition and mass percentage of each element in different types of multi-element high-temperature titanium alloys. The raw materials include powdery master alloys with a particle size ≤ 1 mm, particles with a particle size or equivalent diameter ≥ 10 mm, and raw materials in the form of chips or blocks; then mix the particles, chips or blocks of raw materials with a particle size or equivalent diameter ≥ 10 mm evenly according to the corresponding mass percentage and divide them into A portions according to the designed weight of a single consumable electrode block, and mix the weighed powdery master alloys with a particle size ≤ 1 mm evenly and divide them into B portions, and both A and B are integers ≥ 1;

[0039] Among them, the raw materials include powdered intermediate alloys with a particle size of ≤1mm, and granular, chip-like or block-like raw materials with a particle size or equivalent diameter of ≥10mm; the granular, chip-like or block-like raw materials include sponge titanium, aluminum beans, NbTi chips, HZr particles, TiSi chips, etc., and the powdered intermediate alloys include AlMo powder, TaAl powder, WAl powder, high-purity flake graphite powder, TiO2 powder, Y powder, etc.

[0040] Step 2, preparing a consumable electrode block: define the total amount of powdered master alloy added as C, and the weight of a single consumable electrode block as D. If the total amount of powdered master alloy added C ≤ 8% D, the preparation of a single consumable electrode block is completed by pressing twice; if the total amount of powdered master alloy added C > 8% D, the preparation of a single consumable electrode block is completed by pressing three times.

[0041] Step 3, welding the consumable electrode: all the consumable electrode blocks pressed in step 2 are nested and welded to form a whole consumable electrode.

[0042] Step 4: Perform three VAR smelting on the consumable electrode obtained in step 3 to obtain a multi-component high-temperature titanium alloy ingot.

[0043] Specifically, in step 3, when the consumable electrode blocks are nested and assembled for welding, the gap between adjacent consumable electrode blocks is not greater than 5 mm. Consumable electrode blocks are nested and assembled for welding in pairs to prepare a whole consumable electrode, in which the powdered intermediate alloy is uniformly distributed (non-agglomerated) on two longitudinal axes away from the edge (i.e., close to the center of the consumable electrode). In order to prevent the powdered intermediate alloy from directly falling into the molten pool to form "unmelted blocks" during the first VAR melting process due to the instability of the melting process, it is necessary to use a small melting rate and a stable melting process parameter during the first VAR melting process to control the melting process to proceed stably. The second and third VAR melting processes can use a higher melting rate than the first VAR melting process. The process parameters used to compensate for the low production efficiency caused by the first low melting rate melting.

[0044] Furthermore, in step 1, if there are too many types of powdered intermediate alloys or the amount of a single powdered intermediate alloy added is too much, resulting in its volume being larger than 1 / 2 of the two "inverted trapezoidal" groove cavities of a single electrode block, it is necessary to mix the powdered intermediate alloys evenly and divide them into two equal parts, and divide the granular, shavings or block raw materials into three equal parts. At the same time, the preparation method of the electrode block in step 2 adopts a three-time pressing method. First, 1 / 3 of the evenly mixed granular, shavings or block raw materials are pre-poured into the hydraulic press mold cavity for the first pressing of a single electrode. The first pressing pressure is set to 10MPa~15MPa, and the holding time is 3s~6s. Under this pressure, it can be ensured that the current raw material is pressed into two "inverted trapezoidal" grooves, and then one of the evenly mixed powdered intermediate alloys is evenly poured into and spread on the two "inverted trapezoidal" grooves; then 1 / 3 of the evenly mixed granular, shavings or blocks is poured into the mold cavity of the hydraulic press for the first pressing of the single electrode. The first arrangement of the powdered master alloy is covered with the raw materials for the second pressing, the second pressing pressure is set to 15MPa~20MPa, and the holding time is 3s~6s; finally, another portion of the weighed powdered master alloy is evenly poured into the two "inverted trapezoidal" grooves formed by the second pressing, and then the last 1 / 3 of the mixed granular, shavings or block raw materials are covered on the first arrangement of the powdered master alloy for the third pressing, the third pressing pressure is set to 20MPa~30MPa, and the holding time is 5s~10s. Thereafter, the above steps are repeated to prepare the remaining electrode blocks.

[0045] Furthermore, the three VAR smeltings in step 4 are specifically as follows:

[0046] Step 4.1, primary VAR smelting:

[0047] Before the primary VAR smelting, vacuum is firstly carried out. When the vacuum degree before melting is ≤10Pa, arc is started to start smelting. The smelting control mode adopts melting speed control. The melting speed is 8kg / min~12kg / min, the melting current is 9kA~15kA, the arc stabilization current is DC 10A~18A, the melting voltage is 25V~32V, and the cooling time after smelting is more than 3h;

[0048] Step 4.2, secondary VAR smelting:

[0049] During the secondary VAR smelting, the ingot obtained from the first VAR smelting is turned around for smelting, the vacuum degree before melting is ≤5Pa, the melting control method adopts melting speed control, the melting speed is 12kg / min~20kg / min, the arc stabilization current is AC 10A~20A, the melting voltage is 28V~35V, and the cooling time after melting is greater than 4h;

[0050] Step 4.3, three VAR smelting:

[0051] During the third VAR melting, the secondary ingot obtained from the second VAR melting is turned around for melting. The vacuum degree before melting is ≤ 1.33 Pa, and the other melting parameters are the same as those of the second VAR melting.

[0052] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0053] 1) By optimizing the structure of the consumable electrode block, the present invention designs an electrode block with grooves ("inverted trapezoid"). The internal groove-shaped cavity can be used to accommodate the powdered master alloy, which can avoid the "dust raising" and contamination of the inner wall of the mold when the powdered master alloy is mixed by conventional methods, so that it cannot be accurately introduced into the ingot, thus affecting the accuracy and uniformity of the ingot composition. When there are many types or a large amount of powdered master alloy, a cavity structure with a double-layer "inverted trapezoid" groove can be prepared by three times of pressing to evenly distribute a large amount of powdered master alloy, preventing the powdered master alloy from affecting the structural strength of the consumable electrode block due to "lump-shaped" concentrated distribution.

[0054] 2) By opening a groove group on the upper end surface of the sub-electrode block and a convex group on the lower end surface, the assembly welding of adjacent sub-electrode blocks can be facilitated. In addition, in the electrode block structure designed by the present invention, the powdered master alloy is basically distributed on two longitudinal lines far from the edge of the electrode block, which can avoid the instability of the arc at the edge of the consumable electrode itself during the first VAR melting process, and it is easy to generate "block dropping" during the melting of the electrode block to form high-density inclusions. Similarly, when the melting rate is too high, due to the large difference in the degree of arc energy concentration from the inside to the outside of the entire cross-section of the consumable electrode, this will also affect the stability of the first VAR melting process and cause "block dropping". Therefore, while optimizing the electrode block structure, the present invention also adopts a small melting rate for stable melting during the first VAR melting process to effectively ensure the quality and composition uniformity of the first ingot, and a VAR melting process with a relatively large melting rate can be adopted during the second and third VAR meltings to offset the production efficiency problem caused by the low melting rate of the first VAR melting on the premise of not affecting the composition uniformity of the finished ingot. Description of the Drawings

[0055] The drawings here are incorporated into the specification and form a part of this specification, and are used together with the specification to explain the principles of the present invention.

[0056] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, for those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0057] Figure 1Flow chart of the preparation method of the multi - element high - temperature titanium alloy ingot provided by the present invention;

[0058] Figure 2 Longitudinal sectional view of the electrode block obtained by secondary pressing and forming in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0059] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the pressing and forming of the consumable electrode in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0060] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the pressing and forming of the consumable electrode in Example 2 and Example 3 of the present invention. Detailed implementation manners

[0061] Here, the exemplary embodiments will be described in detail, and the examples are shown in the drawings. When the following description refers to the drawings, the implementation manners described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all implementation manners consistent with the present invention. On the contrary, they are only examples consistent with some aspects of the present invention detailed in the appended claims.

[0062] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and embodiments.

[0063] The present invention provides a preparation method of a multi - element high - temperature titanium alloy ingot. First, a consumable electrode block for melting a multi - element high - temperature titanium alloy with a specific structure is used. By evenly spreading a variety of powdery master alloys in the groove groups provided in the consumable electrode block to ensure the structural strength of the consumable electrode block, and realizing the assembly welding of the consumable electrodes through nesting; then, by adjusting the VAR melting process, the preparation of the target ingot is realized to improve the quality, production efficiency, accuracy and uniformity of the target ingot after introducing powdery master alloy elements.

[0064] Further, referring to Figure 1 , the preparation method specifically includes the following steps:

[0065] Step 1, batching: First, weigh the raw materials required for the master alloy according to the composition and mass percentage of each element in different types of multi - element high - temperature titanium alloys. The raw materials include powdery master alloys with a particle size ≤ 1 mm, particles, chips or blocks with a particle size or equivalent diameter ≥ 10 mm; then mix the particles, chips or blocks with a particle size or equivalent diameter ≥ 10 mm in the raw materials evenly according to the corresponding mass percentage and divide them into A parts according to the designed weight of a single consumable electrode block, and mix the weighed powdery master alloys with a particle size ≤ 1 mm evenly and divide them into B parts, and both A and B are integers ≥ 1;

[0066] Step 2: Prepare the consumable electrode block: Define the total addition amount of the powdered master alloy as C and the weight of a single electrode block as D. If the total addition amount of the powdered master alloy C ≤ 8%D, the preparation of a single consumable electrode block is completed through two pressings; if the total addition amount of the powdered master alloy C > 8%D, the preparation of a single consumable electrode block is completed through three pressings.

[0067] Step 3: Weld the consumable electrodes: Nest and weld all the consumable electrode blocks obtained by pressing in Step 2 into a whole consumable electrode.

[0068] Step 4: Conduct three VAR melts on the consumable electrode obtained in Step 3 to obtain a multi-element high-temperature titanium alloy ingot.

[0069] Among them, the consumable electrode block for melting the multi-element high-temperature titanium alloy with a specific structure includes a plurality of sub-electrode blocks with the same structure formed by pressing; a groove group is provided on the upper end surface of each sub-electrode block, and a protrusion group is provided on the lower end surface. The position where the protrusion group is provided corresponds to the position where the groove group is provided; among adjacent sub-electrode blocks, the protrusion group of the upper sub-electrode block and the groove group of the lower sub-electrode block are nested with each other and form a consumable electrode block through pressing, and the groove group of the lower sub-electrode block contains the powdered master alloy. Example 1

[0070] This example provides a method for preparing a nine-element high-temperature titanium alloy ingot. The nine-element high-temperature titanium alloy ingot is a Ti-5.8Al-4Sn-3.5Zr-0.5Mo-0.35Si-0.7Nb-0.06C-0.1O titanium alloy ingot. The preparation method specifically includes the following steps:

[0071] Step 1: Batching

[0072] First, weigh titanium sponge, aluminum beans, NbTi chips, HZr particles, AlMo powder, TiSi chips, high-purity flake graphite powder, and TiO2 powder according to the element mass ratio of the nine-element high-temperature titanium alloy ingot of Ti-5.8Al-4Sn-3.5Zr-0.5Mo-0.35Si-0.7Nb-0.06C-0.1O.

[0073] Step 2: Prepare the consumable electrode block

[0074] Define the total addition amount of the powdered master alloy as C and the weight of a single electrode block as D, and the total addition amount of the powdered master alloy C ≤ 8%D. The preparation of a single consumable electrode block is completed through two pressings, specifically as follows:

[0075] First, the granular, shavings or block raw materials required for the single electrode block in step 1 are mixed evenly (sponge titanium, aluminum beans, NbTi chips, HZr particles, TiSi chips) and divided into two parts to form the upper and lower parts of the single electrode block; then, the first part of the mixed granular, shavings or block raw materials is poured into the mold cavity of the hydraulic press for the first pressing, the set pressure is 10MPa, the holding time is 3s, and the density of the raw materials after the first pressing is 1.2g / cm 3 , under which pressure the current raw material can be pressed into two "inverted trapezoidal" grooves; then, the weighed and mixed powdered intermediate alloy (AlMo powder, high-purity flake graphite powder, TiO2 powder) is evenly spread on the two "inverted trapezoidal" grooves; finally, the second portion of the mixed granular, shavings or block raw materials is covered on the powdered intermediate alloy at the "inverted trapezoidal" groove cavity in step 2 and pressed for the second time to obtain the first consumable electrode block. The second pressing pressure is set to 20 MPa, the pressure holding time is 5 s, and the density of the complete electrode block after the second pressing is 3.7 g / cm 3 In the single electrode block formed by the secondary pressing, the angle between the adjacent planes of the inner surface of the "inverted trapezoidal" groove cavity is 110°. Thereafter, the remaining electrode blocks (the second consumable electrode block, ..., the N-1th consumable electrode block, the Nth consumable electrode block) are prepared by repeating step 2, see Figures 2 - 3 .

[0076] Step 3, welding the consumable electrode: all the consumable electrode blocks pressed in step 2 are nested and assembled in a plasma welding box to weld into a whole consumable electrode; the specific steps of the nested welding of the consumable electrode blocks are as follows:

[0077] Step 3.1: Nested combination of electrode blocks:

[0078] Before welding, all electrode blocks are placed on the welding rack of the plasma welding box, and the "grooves" and "protrusions" are nested and assembled in sequence. After the assembly is completed, the assembled electrodes are squeezed by the clamping devices at both ends of the rack. At this time, the gap between the electrode blocks is 5mm, and the assembled consumable electrode to be welded is obtained;

[0079] Step 3.2, vacuum plasma welding:

[0080] Before welding, evacuate the air first. When the pre-vacuum inside the welding box is ≤ 5 Pa, start the arc to begin welding. During welding, the plasma welding torch moves uniformly from one end of the assembled consumable electrode to the other end to weld the gaps between the consumable electrode blocks in sequence, and the "one-word" welding method is adopted to ensure that the weld completely covers the gaps between the consumable electrode blocks. At this time, the weld width is 40 mm. The relevant parameters during welding include: welding current is 0.2 kA, welding voltage is 30 V, and welding speed is 10 mm / s. After one side of the whole consumable electrode is welded, cool it for 0.5 h, and then flip the welding material rack through the welding box material rack flipping mechanism to weld the other side of the consumable electrode. The operation steps and welding parameters on this side are the same as above. After the last weld is completed, turn off the welding torch and cool it. After cooling for 1.5 h, open the box and take out the consumable electrode.

[0081] Step 4: Conduct three times of VAR melting on the consumable electrode obtained in Step 3 to obtain a nine-element high-temperature titanium alloy ingot (I); among them, the three times of VAR melting are specifically as follows.

[0082] Step 4.1: First VAR melting:

[0083] Before the first melting, evacuate the air first. When the pre-vacuum degree before melting is ≤ 10 Pa, start the arc to begin melting. The melting control method adopts melting speed control. The melting speed is 8 kg / min, the corresponding melting current is 9 kA, the arc stabilizing current is 10 A DC, and the melting voltage is 25 V. Under the above melting parameters, it can ensure that the arc distance is between 10 mm and 20 mm for constant melting speed and stable melting. The cooling time after melting is 4 h.

[0084] Step 4.2: Second VAR melting:

[0085] During the second melting, turn the first ingot obtained from the first VAR melting around and conduct melting. The pre-vacuum degree before melting is ≤ 5 Pa. The melting control method adopts melting speed control. The melting speed is 12 kg / min, the arc stabilizing current is 10 A AC, and the melting voltage is selected as 28 V. The cooling time after melting is 5 h.

[0086] Step 4.3: Third VAR melting:

[0087] During the third melting, turn the second ingot obtained from the second VAR melting around and conduct melting to obtain a nine-element high-temperature titanium alloy ingot (I). The pre-vacuum degree before melting is ≤ 1.33 Pa, and the other melting parameters are the same as those of the second melting.

[0088] Take composition samples at the edge, R / 2 position, and center position of the head, middle, and tail of the nine-element high-temperature titanium alloy ingot (I) for testing. The test results are shown in Table 1. It can be seen from Table 1 that the test results of the Mo, C, and O elements introduced by the powdered master alloy are basically the same as the input values. The ranges of the Mo, C, and O elements are all less than 200 ppm, and the accuracy and uniformity are good, without excessive loss.

[0089] Example 2

[0090] This embodiment provides a method for preparing an eleven-element high-temperature titanium alloy ingot, wherein the eleven-element high-temperature titanium alloy ingot is a Ti-5.8Al-3.5Sn-4.0Zr-0.5Mo-0.4Si-0.3Nb-1.5Ta-1.5W-0.05C-0.09O titanium alloy ingot, and the preparation method specifically comprises the following steps:

[0091] Step 1: Ingredients

[0092] First, according to the mass ratio of the eleven-element high-temperature titanium alloy ingot elements, sponge titanium, aluminum beans, NbTi chips, HZr particles, AlMo powder, TaAl powder, WAl powder, TiSi chips, high-purity flake graphite powder, and TiO2 powder were weighed.

[0093] Step 2: Prepare consumable electrode blocks

[0094] The total amount of powdered master alloy added is defined as C, the weight of a single electrode block is defined as D, and the total amount of powdered master alloy added C>8%D. The preparation of a single consumable electrode block is completed by three pressing steps, as follows:

[0095] First, the granular, shavings or block raw materials (sponge titanium, aluminum beans, NbTi shavings, HZr granules, TiSi shavings) required for the single electrode block in step 1 are divided into three parts to form the upper, middle and lower parts of the single electrode block; secondly, the powdered intermediate alloy (AlMo powder, TaAl powder, WAl powder, high-purity flake graphite powder, TiO2 powder) required for the single electrode block is divided into two parts; thirdly, the granular, shavings or block raw materials mixed evenly in the first part are poured into the mold cavity of the hydraulic press in advance for the first pressing of the single electrode. The first pressing pressure is set to 12MPa, the holding time is 4s, and the density of the raw materials after the first pressing is 1.4g / cm 3 , under this pressure, the current raw material can be pressed into two "inverted trapezoidal" grooves; then, the first portion of the mixed powdered master alloy is evenly poured into the two "inverted trapezoidal" grooves; then, the second portion of the mixed granular, shavings or block raw materials are covered on the powdered master alloy arranged for the first time for the second pressing. The second pressing pressure is set to 17MPa, the holding time is 4s, and the density of the raw material after the second pressing is 1.9g / cm 3Finally, the weighed second portion of the mixed powdered intermediate alloy is evenly poured into the two "inverted trapezoidal" grooves formed by the second pressing, and then the third portion of the mixed granular, shavings or block raw materials are covered on the powdered intermediate alloy arranged last time for the third pressing to obtain the first consumable electrode block. The third pressing pressure is set to 25 MPa, the pressure holding time is 7 s, and the density of the complete electrode block after the third pressing is 3.7 g / cm 3 In the single consumable electrode block formed by three pressings, the angle between adjacent planes of the inner surface of the "inverted trapezoidal" groove cavity is 120°. Thereafter, repeat step 2 to prepare the remaining electrode blocks (the second consumable electrode block, ..., the N-1th consumable electrode block, the Nth consumable electrode block), see Figure 4 .

[0096] Step 3: Welding consumable electrode

[0097] All the consumable electrode blocks pressed in step 2 are nested and assembled in a plasma welding box to weld into a whole consumable electrode; the consumable electrode nesting welding is specifically as follows:

[0098] Step 3.1: Nested combination of electrode blocks:

[0099] Before welding, all electrode blocks are placed on the welding rack of the plasma welding box, and the "grooves" and "protrusions" are nested and assembled in sequence. After the assembly is completed, the assembled electrodes are squeezed by the clamping devices at both ends of the rack. At this time, the gap between the electrode blocks is 4mm, and the assembled consumable electrode to be welded is obtained;

[0100] Step 3.2, vacuum plasma welding:

[0101] Before welding, vacuum is first carried out. When the pre-vacuum inside the welding box is ≤5Pa, arc is started and welding begins. During welding, the plasma welding gun moves at a uniform speed from one end of the assembled consumable electrode to the other end to weld the gaps between the consumable electrode blocks in sequence. During welding, the gap position of the electrode blocks needs to be welded in a "straight" manner to ensure that the weld completely covers the gap between the electrode blocks. At this time, the weld width is 60mm; the relevant parameters during the welding process include: welding current of 0.3kA, welding voltage of 50V, welding speed of 30mm / s, after the welding of one side of the entire consumable electrode is completed, it is cooled for 0.6h, and then the welding box material rack flipping mechanism is used to flip the welding material rack to weld the other side of the consumable electrode. The operating steps and welding parameters for welding on this side are the same as above. After the last weld is completed, the welding gun is turned off and cooled. After cooling for 1.6h, the box is opened and the furnace is taken out to obtain the consumable electrode.

[0102] Step 4: Perform three VAR smelting on the consumable electrode obtained in step 3 to obtain an eleven-element high-temperature titanium alloy ingot (II); wherein the three VAR smeltings are specifically as follows:

[0103] Step 4.1, primary VAR melting:

[0104] Before primary melting, evacuation is carried out first. When the pre-melting vacuum degree ≤ 10 Pa, arc starting begins for melting. The melting control method adopts melting rate control. The melting speed is 10 kg / min, the corresponding melting current is 12 kA, the arc stabilizing current is 15 A DC, and the melting voltage is 28 V. Under the above melting parameters, it can ensure that the arc distance is 10 mm - 20 mm for stable melting at a constant melting rate. The cooling time after melting is 4 h;

[0105] Step 4.2, secondary VAR melting

[0106] During secondary melting, the primary ingot obtained from primary VAR melting is turned around for melting. The pre-melting vacuum degree ≤ 5 Pa, the melting control method adopts melting rate control, the melting speed is 15 kg / min, the arc stabilizing current is 15 A AC, the melting voltage is selected as 30 V, and the cooling time after melting is 5 h;

[0107] Step 4.3, tertiary VAR melting:

[0108] During tertiary melting, the secondary ingot obtained from secondary VAR melting is turned around for melting to obtain the eleven-element high-temperature titanium alloy ingot (II). The pre-melting vacuum degree ≤ 1.33 Pa, and other melting parameters are the same as those of secondary melting.

[0109] Composition samples are taken and tested at the edge, R / 2, and core positions of the head, middle, and tail of the eleven-element high-temperature titanium alloy ingot (II). The test results are shown in Table 2. It can be seen from Table 2 that the test results of the Mo, Ta, W, C, and O elements introduced by the powdered master alloy are in good agreement with the input values. The ranges of the Mo, Ta, W, C, and O elements are all ≤ 500 ppm, with good accuracy and uniformity and no excessive loss.

[0110] Example 3

[0111] This example provides a method for preparing a twelve-element high-temperature titanium alloy ingot. The twelve-element high-temperature titanium alloy ingot is a Ti - 6.0Al - 3.7Sn - 3.5Zr - 0.5Mo - 0.35Si - 0.5Nb - 1.5Ta - 1.0W - 0.05C - 0.1Y - 0.08O titanium alloy ingot. The preparation method specifically includes the following steps:

[0112] Step 1, batching:

[0113] First, weigh titanium sponge, aluminum beans, NbTi chips, HZr particles, AlMo powder, TaAl powder, WAl powder, TiSi chips, high-purity flake graphite powder, and TiO2 powder according to the element mass ratio of the twelve-element high-temperature titanium alloy ingot.

[0114] Step 2: Prepare the consumable electrode block

[0115] Define the total addition amount of the powdered master alloy as C, the weight of a single electrode block as D, and C > 8%D. The preparation of a single consumable electrode block is completed through three pressings, specifically as follows:

[0116] First, divide the particulate, chippings or lumpy raw materials (sponge titanium, aluminum beans, NbTi chippings, HZr particles, TiSi chippings) required for a single electrode block in Step 1 into three parts, which are used to form the upper, middle and lower parts of a single electrode block. Secondly, divide the powdered master alloy (AlMo powder, TaAl powder, WAl powder, high-purity flake graphite powder, TiO2 powder, Y powder) required for a single electrode block into two parts. Thirdly, pour the pre-mixed particulate, chippings or lumpy raw materials of the first part into the oil press die cavity in advance for the first pressing of a single electrode. The first pressing pressure is set at 15 MPa, and the pressure holding time is 6 s. The density of the raw materials after the first pressing is 1.6 g / cm 3 , and at this pressure, it can be ensured that 2 "inverted trapezoid" grooves are pressed out from the current raw materials; then, pour the weighed first part of the pre-mixed powdered master alloy evenly into these 2 "inverted trapezoid" groove locations; next, cover the first-arranged powdered master alloy with the second part of the pre-mixed particulate, chippings or lumpy raw materials for the second pressing. The second pressing pressure is set at 20 MPa, and the pressure holding time is 6 s. The density of the raw materials after the second pressing is 1.8 g / cm 3 ; finally, pour the weighed second part of the pre-mixed powdered master alloy evenly into the 2 "inverted trapezoid" grooves formed by the second pressing, and then cover the previously arranged powdered master alloy with the third part of the pre-mixed particulate, chippings or lumpy raw materials for the third pressing to obtain the first consumable electrode block. The third pressing pressure is set at 30 MPa, and the pressure holding time is 10 s. The density of the complete electrode block after the third pressing is 3.9 g / cm 3 , in the single consumable electrode block formed by three pressings, the included angle between adjacent planes on the inner surface of the "inverted trapezoid" groove cavity is ≥120°. After that, repeat Step 2 for the preparation of the remaining consumable electrode blocks (the second consumable electrode block,..., the (N - 1)th consumable electrode block, the Nth consumable electrode block), see Figure 4 .

[0117] Step 3: Weld the consumable electrodes: Nest and assemble all the consumable electrode blocks pressed in Step 2 in a plasma welding box to weld them into a whole consumable electrode; the specific process of nesting and welding the consumable electrodes is as follows:

[0118] Step 3.1: Nest and combine the electrode blocks

[0119] Before welding, place all electrode blocks on the welding material rack of the plasma welding box and sequentially perform the nested assembly of "grooves" and "protrusions". After the assembly is completed, squeeze the assembled electrodes through the clamping devices at both ends of the material rack. At this time, the gap between the electrode blocks is 4 mm, and the assembled consumable electrode to be welded is obtained.

[0120] Step 3.2, Vacuum plasma welding:

[0121] Before welding, evacuate first. When the pre-vacuum inside the welding box ≤ 5 Pa, start arc welding. During welding, the plasma welding torch moves uniformly from one end to the other end of the assembled consumable electrode to weld the gaps between the consumable electrode blocks. During welding, it is necessary to perform "linear" welding at the gap position of the electrode blocks to ensure that the weld completely covers the electrode block gap. At this time, the weld width is 60 mm; the relevant parameters during the welding process include: welding current is 0.4 kA, welding voltage is 70 V, and welding speed is 40 mm / s. After one side of the entire consumable electrode is welded, cool for 0.5 h, and then flip the welding material rack through the flip mechanism of the welding box material rack to weld the other side of the consumable electrode. The operation steps and welding parameters on this side are the same as above. After the last weld is completed, turn off the welding torch and cool. After cooling for 1.6 h, open the box and take out the furnace to obtain the consumable electrode.

[0122] Step 4: Perform three times of VAR melting on the consumable electrode obtained in Step 3 to obtain a twelve-element high-temperature titanium alloy ingot (III); among them, the three times of VAR melting are specifically as follows,

[0123] Step 4.1, Primary VAR melting:

[0124] Before the first melting, evacuate first. When the pre-vacuum degree ≤ 10 Pa, start arc melting. The melting control method adopts melting speed control. The melting speed is 12 kg / min, the corresponding melting current is 15 kA, the arc stabilizing current is 18 A DC, and the melting voltage is 32 V. Under the above melting parameters, it can ensure that the arc distance is between 10 mm and 20 mm for constant melting speed and stable melting. The cooling time after melting is 4 h;

[0125] Step 4.2, Secondary VAR melting:

[0126] During the secondary melting, turn the primary ingot obtained from the primary VAR melting around and perform melting. The pre-vacuum degree ≤ 5 Pa, the melting control method adopts melting speed control, the melting speed is 20 kg / min, the arc stabilizing current is 20 A AC, and the melting voltage is selected as 35 V. The cooling time after melting is 5 h;

[0127] Step 4.3, Tertiary VAR melting:

[0128] During the third melting, the secondary ingot obtained from the secondary VAR melting is turned around for melting to obtain a twelve-element high-temperature titanium alloy ingot (III). The pre-melting vacuum degree is ≤ 1.33 Pa, and other melting parameters are the same as those of the secondary melting.

[0129] Composition samples are taken and tested at the edge, R / 2, and core positions of the head, middle, and tail of the twelve-element high-temperature titanium alloy ingot (III). The test results are shown in Table 3. It can be seen from Table 3 that the test results of the Mo, Ta, W, C, and O elements introduced by the powdered master alloy are in good agreement with the input values. The ranges of the Mo, Ta, W, C, and O elements are all ≤ 700 ppm, and the accuracy and uniformity are good, without excessive loss.

[0130]

[0131] The above are only specific embodiments of the present invention, enabling those skilled in the art to understand or implement the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be obvious to those skilled in the art. The general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention.

[0132] It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the above-described content and can be modified and changed without departing from its scope. The scope of the present invention is only limited by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A consumable electrode block for melting multi-element high-temperature titanium alloy, characterized in that, The consumable electrode block includes a plurality of sub-electrode blocks of the same structure formed by pressing; each of the sub-electrode blocks is provided with a groove group on the upper end surface and a protrusion group on the lower end surface, and the opening position of the protrusion group corresponds to the opening position of the groove group; in adjacent sub-electrode blocks, the protrusion group of the upper sub-electrode block and the groove group of the lower sub-electrode block are nested with each other and formed into a consumable electrode block by pressing, and the groove group of the lower sub-electrode block contains powdered intermediate alloy.

2. The consumable electrode block for melting multi-element high-temperature titanium alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that, The groove group includes a plurality of "inverted trapezoidal" grooves, and the protrusion group includes a plurality of "inverted trapezoidal" protrusions. The "inverted trapezoidal" grooves correspond to the "inverted trapezoidal" protrusions one by one, which facilitates the assembly and welding of multiple sub-electrode blocks.

3. The consumable electrode block for melting multi-element high-temperature titanium alloy according to claim 2, wherein The included angles between all adjacent planes at the "inverted trapezoid" groove and the "inverted trapezoid" protrusion are all > 100°; the depth of the "inverted trapezoid" groove is 30 mm to 80 mm, and the height of the "inverted trapezoid" protrusion is 30 mm to 80 mm; define the distance from the central axis of the longitudinal section of the "inverted trapezoid" groove or the "inverted trapezoid" protrusion to the edge of the corresponding consumable electrode block as d , and , where is the width of the longitudinal section of the consumable electrode block.

4. A method for preparing a consumable electrode block for melting a multi-element high-temperature titanium alloy according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, Define the total amount of powdered master alloy added as C, and the weight of a single consumable electrode block as D. If the total amount of powdered master alloy added C ≤ 8% D, the preparation of a single consumable electrode block is completed by pressing twice; if the total amount of powdered master alloy added C > 8% D, the preparation of a single consumable electrode block is completed by pressing three times.

5. The preparation method of the consumable electrode block for melting the multi-element high-temperature titanium alloy according to claim 4, wherein, If the total amount of powdered master alloy added C≤8%D, the uniformly mixed granular, shavings or block raw materials are divided into 2 parts, and the preparation process of a single consumable electrode block is as follows: First, pour the first batch of evenly mixed granular, shavings or block raw materials into the hydraulic press cavity for the first pressing. Set the pressure to 10MPa~15MPa and hold the pressure for 3s~6s to ensure that two grooves are pressed out of the current raw materials. Then, the weighed and evenly mixed powdered master alloy is poured evenly into the two grooves; Finally, the second portion of granular, shaving or block raw materials is evenly covered on top of the powdered master alloy in the two grooves, and a second pressing is performed to obtain a consumable electrode block. The pressure is set to 20MPa~30MPa, and the pressure holding time is 5s~10s.

6. The preparation method of the consumable electrode block for melting the multi-element high-temperature titanium alloy according to claim 5, characterized in that, The density of the raw material after the first pressing ≤ 2.0 g / cm 3 , and the density of the entire consumable electrode block after the second pressing ≥ 3.7 g / cm 3 .

7. The preparation method of the consumable electrode block for melting the multi-element high-temperature titanium alloy according to claim 4, characterized in that, If the total amount of powdered master alloy added C>8%D, the uniformly mixed granular, chip-like or blocky raw materials are divided into 3 parts, and the uniformly mixed powdered master alloy is divided into 2 parts. The preparation process of a single consumable electrode block is as follows: First, pour the first batch of evenly mixed granular, shavings or block raw materials into the hydraulic press cavity for the first pressing. Set the pressure to 10MPa~15MPa and hold the pressure for 3s~6s to ensure that two grooves are pressed out of the current raw materials. Then, the first portion of the mixed powdered master alloy is evenly poured into the two grooves; Then, the second portion of the mixed granular, chip-like or block-like raw materials are evenly covered on the powdered master alloy in the two grooves, and a second pressing is performed, with the set pressure being 15MPa~20MPa and the holding time being 3s~6s; Next, the second portion of the mixed powdered master alloy is added into the two grooves after the second pressing; Finally, the third portion of the evenly mixed granular, shavings or block raw materials is evenly covered on top of the powdered intermediate alloy in the two grooves after the second pressing, and the third pressing is performed to obtain the consumable electrode block. The set pressure is 20MPa~30MPa, and the pressure holding time is 5s~10s.

8. The preparation method of the consumable electrode block for melting the multi-element high-temperature titanium alloy according to claim 7, characterized in that, The density of the raw material after the first and second pressings is ≤ 2.0 g / cm 3 , and the density of the entire consumable electrode block after the third pressing is ≥ 3.7 g / cm 3 .

9. A method for preparing a consumable electrode for melting a multi-element high-temperature titanium alloy, characterized in that, Use multiple consumable electrode blocks for melting multi-element high-temperature titanium alloys as described in any one of claims 1 to 3, or use the consumable electrode blocks prepared by the preparation method as described in any one of claims 4 to 8. Uniformly lay a variety of powdered master alloys in the groove group to ensure the structural strength of the consumable electrode blocks, and achieve the assembly welding of the consumable electrode blocks through nesting.

10. The preparation method of the consumable electrode for melting the multi-element high-temperature titanium alloy according to claim 9, characterized in that, The assembly welding of the consumable electrode blocks is specifically as follows: ① Nesting combination of consumable electrode blocks: Before welding, place all the consumable electrode blocks on the welding material rack of the plasma welding box, and perform nesting assembly in sequence. After the assembly is completed, squeeze all the consumable electrode blocks through the clamping devices at both ends of the material rack until the gap between the consumable electrode blocks ≤ 5 mm, obtaining the consumable electrode to be welded and assembled. ② Vacuum plasma welding: Before welding, evacuate first. When the pre-vacuum inside the welding box ≤ 5 Pa, start arc welding. During welding, the plasma welding torch moves uniformly along the gap between the consumable electrode blocks to be welded and assembled from one end to the other end for welding, and adopt the "one"-shaped welding method to ensure that the weld completely covers the gap between the consumable electrode blocks, and the weld width ≥ 40 mm. The relevant parameters in the welding process include: welding current is 0.2 kA - 0.4 kA, welding voltage is 30 V - 70 V, and welding speed is 10 mm / s - 40 mm / s. When one side of the entire consumable electrode is welded, cool it for at least 0.5 h first, and then flip the welding material rack through the flipping mechanism of the welding box material rack to weld the other side of the consumable electrode. Repeat the welding process. After the last weld is completed, turn off the welding torch and cool it. After cooling for at least 1.5 h, open the box and take out the consumable electrode.

11. A method for preparing a multi-element high-temperature titanium alloy ingot, characterized in that, Specifically, it includes the following steps: Step 1, batching: First, weigh the raw materials required for the master alloy according to the composition and mass percentage of each element in different types of multi-element high-temperature titanium alloys. The raw materials include powdered master alloys with a particle size ≤ 1 mm, particles with a particle size or equivalent diameter ≥ 10 mm, and raw materials in the form of chips or blocks. Then, mix the particles, chips or blocks of raw materials with a particle size or equivalent diameter ≥ 10 mm evenly according to the corresponding mass percentage and divide them into A portions according to the designed weight of a single consumable electrode block, and mix the weighed powdered master alloys with a particle size ≤ 1 mm evenly and divide them into B portions, and both A and B are integers ≥ 1. Step 2, press to obtain consumable electrode blocks by using the preparation method as described in any one of claims 4 to 8. Step 3, weld the consumable electrode: Assemble and weld to form an entire consumable electrode by using the preparation method as described in claim 9 or 10. Step 4, perform three times of VAR melting on the consumable electrode obtained in Step 3 to obtain a multi-element high-temperature titanium alloy ingot.

12. The method for preparing a titanium alloy ingot according to claim 11, wherein, The three times of VAR melting in Step 4 is specifically as follows: Step 4.1, primary VAR melting: Before the first VAR melting, evacuate the vacuum first. When the pre-melting vacuum degree ≤ 10 Pa, start the arc to begin melting. The melting control method adopts melting speed control. The melting speed is 8 kg / min - 12 kg / min, the melting current is 9 kA - 15 kA, the arc stabilizing current is DC 10 A - 18 A, the melting voltage is 25 V - 32 V, and the cooling time after melting is more than 3 h; Step 4.2, secondary VAR melting: During the secondary VAR melting, turn the primary ingot obtained from the first VAR melting around and melt it. The pre-melting vacuum degree ≤ 5 Pa. The melting control method adopts melting speed control. The melting speed is 12 kg / min - 20 kg / min, the arc stabilizing current is AC 10 A - 20 A, the melting voltage is 28 V - 35 V, and the cooling time after melting is more than 4 h; Step 4.3, tertiary VAR melting: During the tertiary VAR melting, turn the secondary ingot obtained from the second VAR melting around and melt it. The pre-melting vacuum degree ≤ 1.33 Pa, and the other melting parameters are the same as those of the secondary VAR melting.

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