A kind of metachromatic moisture-permeable lightweight warm polyester fiber and its preparation method

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of polyester fibers, and relates to a polyester fiber with different-dyeing, moisture-permeable, lightweight and warm-keeping properties and a preparation method thereof. After the polyester melt is extruded from the spinneret holes of the spinneret plate, it successively undergoes slow cooling, cooling, oiling, drawing and setting, texturing and winding to obtain the polyester fiber with different-dyeing, moisture-permeable, lightweight and warm-keeping properties. The spinneret holes are composed of a guide hole, a metering hole, a transition hole and a micro-hole from top to bottom; the micro-hole is composed of a spinneret micro-hole I, a communication groove and a spinneret micro-hole II; the spinneret micro-hole II is an annular hole, and the spinneret micro-hole I is communicated with the spinneret micro-hole II through the communication groove; the product is a hollow slub yarn, the length of the thick slub is 2-3 mm, and the length of the thin slub is 5-7 mm. The preparation method of the present invention utilizes the melt flow rate ratio of two spinneret micro-holes with different cross-sections to form thick and thin filaments with orientation differences along the fiber cross-section and linear density differences along the length direction, and the distribution of thick and thin details is uniform; the obtained product not only has an absorption color effect with alternating light and dark colors, but also has the dual effects of moisture absorption, moisture conduction and warmth retention.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of polyester fibers, and relates to a heterochromatic moisture-permeable lightweight warm polyester fiber and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid economic growth, the pursuit of comfort, high-grade, health care, and nature has become a new fashion, and the requirements for clothing are getting higher and higher. Differentiated and functional chemical fiber clothing products have great development space. Therefore, just as general resins have engineering characteristics through modification, and then seize part of the application market of traditional engineering plastics, becoming a new driving force for the sustainable development of the plastics industry, the chemical fiber industry also needs to take the path of differentiated development, and improve the added value of products and achieve differentiated competition among different enterprises to enhance the profitability and competitiveness of enterprises. Among many differentiated polyester fibers, heterochromatic polyester fibers not only have the color absorption effect of alternating light and dark, but also have multiple characteristics of fast moisture absorption and quick drying, and are deeply loved by consumers. Each chemical fiber factory competes to research and develop such products.

[0003] At present, most fiber products on the market only have a single function, which limits their application scope. The profiled hollow fiber is prepared by using polyester melt spinning technology with profiled spinnerets such as "single C", "double C", and "triple C". Its unique groove and hollow structure design not only endows the fiber with excellent moisture absorption and moisture conduction performance, but also realizes the function of lightweight warmth, providing new possibilities for the diversified application of fiber products. Fibers with heterochromatic effects are slub filaments prepared by equipment transformation and special spinning technology. For example, the patent application with the patent publication number CN205856724U discloses a spinning device for forming slub filaments in a composite filament process. The first hot roll in this device includes a cylindrical main body, a heating device arranged on the main body, and a contact layer made of a heat-conducting material and covering the outside of the main body. The contact layer is used to contact the silk thread. In this way, a heating area and a non-heating area are formed on the contact layer, so that the silk thread is unevenly stretched through subsequent stretching, and finally slub filaments are formed, and fibers with a single heterochromatic effect are obtained.

[0004] If it is necessary to have both functions at the same time, only mixing and weaving can be carried out in the post-processing. However, this increases the production process, raises the production cost, and because the mixing uniformity is difficult to control during mixing and weaving, the two characteristics and effects that are simultaneously possessed cannot be well highlighted.

[0005] Therefore, it is of great significance to study a heterochromatic polyester fiber with dual effects of moisture absorption and conduction and warmth and a preparation method thereof. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The object of the present invention is to solve the problems existing in the prior art and provide a metachromatic moisture-permeable lightweight warm polyester fiber and a preparation method thereof.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0008] A preparation method of a metachromatic moisture-permeable lightweight warm polyester fiber. After the polyester melt is extruded from the spinneret holes of the spinneret plate, it successively passes through slow cooling, cooling, oiling, drawing and setting, texturing and winding to obtain the metachromatic moisture-permeable lightweight warm polyester fiber. The spinneret holes are composed of a guiding hole, a metering hole, a transition hole and a microporous hole from top to bottom; the microporous hole is composed of a spinneret micropore I, a connecting groove and a spinneret micropore II; the spinneret micropore II is an annular hole, and the spinneret micropore I is communicated with the spinneret micropore II through the connecting groove;

[0009] The cross-sectional area of the spinneret micropore II is S1, the cross-sectional area of the spinneret micropore I is S2, and the ratio of the cross-sectional area of the spinneret micropore II to the cross-sectional area of the spinneret micropore I is a, 1.6 ≤ a ≤ 16, so that the ratio of the melt flow rate V1 discharged from the spinneret micropore II to the melt flow rate V2 discharged from the spinneret micropore I ranges from 1 / 3.5 to 1 / 2.4;

[0010] The conversion relationship between the cross-sectional area ratio and the melt flow rate ratio is as follows:

[0011] ;

[0012] ;

[0013] ;

[0014] In the formula, V is the melt flow rate of the spinneret hole, Q is the flow rate of the spinneret hole, A is the cross-sectional area of the spinneret hole, B is the perimeter of the cross-section of the spinneret hole, L is the length of the spinneret hole, n is the rheological index, △p is the pressure drop of the spinneret plate, η is the apparent viscosity; Q1 is the melt flow rate of the spinneret micropore II, Q2 is the melt flow rate of the spinneret micropore I, A1 is the cross-sectional area of the spinneret micropore II, and A2 is the cross-sectional area of the spinneret micropore I;

[0015] Since the polymer melt is a non-Newtonian fluid and a viscoelastic fluid, when the polyester melt is ejected from the spinneret micropores, the melt outflow velocity is different when the cross-sectional area in the spinneret micropores is different. The melt flows out faster when the area is small. Due to the velocity difference, the high-speed melt flow ejected from the spinneret micropore I impacts and merges with the low-speed melt flow ejected from the spinneret micropore II through the communication groove. Since there is an orientation difference in the as-spun fibers, when stretched, the tensile stresses received are different, and there is a relaxation phenomenon during the stretching process. Coarse and fine filaments with a linear density difference appear along the axial direction, and the distribution of thick and thin sections is uniform. Because the thick sections absorb more color and the fine sections absorb less color, it can endow the fiber fabric with an effect of alternating deep and light colors, and has a dual effect of moisture absorption, moisture conduction and warmth retention, that is, a differential dyeing type moisture-permeable lightweight warm polyester fiber.

[0016] As a preferred technical solution:

[0017] In the preparation method of a differential dyeing type moisture-permeable lightweight warm polyester fiber as described above, the spinneret micropore I is a circular hole; the spinneret micropore II is a regular triangular annular hole with a notch, and the distance between the two ends of the notch (i.e., the slit distance W2) is 0.04 - 0.08 mm. When the slit distance W2 is within this range, after the melt is extruded from the triangular spinneret micropore, the melt bulges at the ends of the two disconnected sides, and the ends are bonded to form a hollow cavity, which forms a hollow fiber after refinement and solidification; the outer side length L1 of the regular triangular annular hole with a notch is 0.4 - 0.6 mm; the width of the regular triangular annular hole with a notch (i.e., the slit width W1) is 0.1 - 0.2 mm; the communication groove is a rectangular hole with a length of 0.8 - 1.0 mm. The spinneret micropore I is connected to one corner of the regular triangular annular hole with a notch through the communication groove, so that the two sides of the communication groove are respectively connected to the two outer sides of the regular triangular annular hole with a notch.

[0018] In the preparation method of a differential dyeing type moisture-permeable lightweight warm polyester fiber as described above, the spinneret plate is a circular spinneret plate with a diameter of 85 - 105 mm; a non-hole belt is provided on the circular spinneret plate, and the cooling air blows towards the running filaments through the non-hole belt to uniformly cool the filaments. The non-hole belt (i.e., the area without spinneret holes) includes a circular non-hole belt and 4 blade non-hole belts; the diameter of the circular non-hole belt is 6 - 10 mm, and the center of the circular non-hole belt coincides with the center of the spinneret plate. The 4 blade non-hole belts have the same size, the shape of the blade is a long strip, the two long sides of the long strip are parallel and have the same length, the distance between the two long sides is 3 - 5 mm, one end of each long side is connected to the edge of the circular non-hole belt, and the other end is connected to the edge of the spinneret plate; among the two short sides of the long strip, one coincides with the edge of the circular non-hole belt, and the other coincides with the edge of the spinneret plate; the non-hole belt divides the spinneret plate into 4 regions, and 36 - 144 spinneret holes are provided on the spinneret plate, which are evenly distributed in the 4 regions.

[0019] A preparation method of the above-mentioned differential-dyeing moisture-permeable lightweight heat-preserving polyester fiber. The transition pores consist of a first transition pore and a second transition pore from top to bottom. The diameter of the second transition pore is smaller than that of the first transition pore. The connections between the two transition pores, the metering pore, and the micro pores can make the melt shrink relatively gently, guiding the melt to continuously and smoothly enter the micro pores, avoiding the appearance of swirling melt in the pore channels, ensuring the continuity of the melt flow. Since from the guide pore → metering pore → transition pore → micro pore, it is a gradually decreasing process, and the melt enters the small-diameter pipe from the large-diameter pipe. The streamline of the melt cannot flow along the pipe wall with a sudden turn, but leaves the pipe wall at the pipe wall change, forming eddies and generating turbulence. The eddies are driven by the main flow to rotate, which easily causes unstable melt extrusion.

[0020] A preparation method of the above-mentioned differential-dyeing moisture-permeable lightweight heat-preserving polyester fiber. The oiling device used for oiling includes a driving motor, a coupling, an oil agent pump, a quick-insert joint a, an oil pipe, a quick-insert joint b, and an oil nozzle connecting rod.

[0021] The driving motor is connected to the oil agent pump through the coupling. The oil agent pump is provided with a plurality of oil outlet holes I. One end of the oil pipe is connected to the oil outlet hole I through the quick-insert joint a, and the other end of the oil pipe is connected to the oil nozzle connecting rod through the quick-insert joint b.

[0022] The oil nozzle connecting rod is provided with an injection nozzle. The injection nozzle includes an open hollow ring and a hollow cylinder. The hollow cylinder stores oil; one bottom surface of the hollow cylinder is connected to the inner ring surface of the hollow ring, and the open hollow ring and the hollow cylinder communicate with each other; the central axis of the hollow cylinder is directly opposite to the opening position of the open hollow ring and coincides with the central axis of the oil nozzle connecting rod.

[0023] The inner ring surface of the hollow ring is provided with evenly distributed oil outlet holes II, and the aperture of the oil outlet holes II is 0.3 - 0.5 mm.

[0024] The circumferential surface of the hollow cylinder is provided with evenly distributed oil outlet holes III, and the aperture of the oil outlet holes III is 0.3 - 0.5 mm.

[0025] The cross-section of the differential-dyeing moisture-permeable lightweight heat-preserving polyester fiber prepared by the present invention is an irregular hollow shape with thick and thin details distributed, and has relatively high requirements for oiling uniformity. If the existing contact oiling method is selected, the tow contacts the porcelain parts in the oil nozzle during the oiling process, and the single filaments are easily damaged. Moreover, the oiling uniformity of the inner and outer tow is poor, the CV value of the unevenness of the yarn evenness is large, the fiber shows uneven stretching during stretching, the CV values of the breaking strength and breaking elongation are high, and the uniformity of the fiber thick and thin details is poor. After the fabric is dyed, the shades are uneven, seriously affecting the product quality.

[0026] Therefore, the present invention designs a non-contact gentle spinning oiling method. During normal production, the driving motor drives the sizing agent emulsion through the coupling to pass through the oil outlet hole I of the sizing agent pump, the oiling channel of the nozzle connecting rod to the nozzle, and is sprayed out in a mist form through the oil outlet holes II and III in the nozzle to oil the inner and outer layer filaments in the wire passing channel.

[0027] For the preparation method of the heterochromatic moisture-permeable lightweight warm polyester fiber as described above, the sizing agent used for oiling is an emulsion with a concentration of 15-18 wt% prepared by mixing crude oil with pure water; the crude oil includes 28-30 wt% of a smoothing agent, 36-40 wt% of an antistatic agent, 8-10 wt% of a bundling agent, 8-10 wt% of an emulsifier, and 8-10 wt% of a wetting and penetrating agent. It may also include a small amount of viscosity additive CPE-1500, antioxidant 168 (manufactured by Suzhou Jixin Trading Co., Ltd.), preservative GY-910 (manufactured by Changzhou Runyang Chemical Co., Ltd.), and pH regulator AMP-95 (manufactured by Henan Youchuang Chemical Products Co., Ltd.); the smoothing agent is a dodecyl oleic acid synthetic ester compound CMO (manufactured by Nantong Zhanyi Chemical Co., Ltd.), the antistatic agent is sodium tetradecylsulfonate 1191-50-0 (manufactured by Hubei Benuofu Chemical Technology Co., Ltd.), the bundling agent is alkylolamide JH-120 (manufactured by Xinxiang Jinghong Chemical Co., Ltd.), the emulsifier is alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether OP-10 (manufactured by Guangzhou Baojili Chemical Co., Ltd.), and the wetting and penetrating agent is dodecyl polyoxyethylene ether EMULGEN147 (manufactured by Xingwaitian Chemistry (Shanghai) Co., Ltd.); the surface tension of the sizing agent < 34 mN / m. The surface tension test uses the hydrostatic pressure drop method, which measures the surface tension of the oil by using the change in hydrostatic pressure. First, inject the sizing agent to be tested into a closed container, and then inject a certain amount of water into the container to separate the water and the oil. Then, draw out a certain amount of water from the bottom of the container with a thin tube to lower the water level by a certain height. At this time, the height and time of the water level drop can be measured, so as to calculate the surface tension of the oil. By reducing the surface tension and interfacial tension, when the filament comes into contact with the oil mist, the sizing agent emulsion can quickly and evenly spread and adhere to the filament to wet it, improving the stretching performance of the filament. Because the surface tension affects the wetting speed and even adhesion of the sizing agent, the lower the surface tension, the faster the wetting speed and the better the even adhesion. Especially in high-speed spinning sizing agents, it is required that the sizing agent can be completely and evenly spread on the surface of the fiber immediately when it contacts the fiber. The sizing agent emulsion sprayed out through the oil outlet holes II and III is as delicate and gentle as cotton. By oiling the inner and outer layers, the evenness of oiling the filament is improved.

[0028] For the preparation method of the heterochromatic moisture-permeable lightweight warm polyester fiber as described above, the network device used for texturing is a side double-spray network device, including a base, a nozzle body, and an upper cover;

[0029] The center of the base is provided with a nozzle body groove, and the bottom of the nozzle body groove is provided with a cylindrical hole I that passes through the base; both sides of the base are provided with a superior arc-shaped groove with a superior arc cross section, and the bottom of the superior arc-shaped groove is provided with a hole;

[0030] Both sides of the nozzle body are provided with inferior arc grooves with inferior arc cross-sections. When the nozzle body is placed in the nozzle body groove, the superior arc groove and the inferior arc groove form a circular groove. A rigid gasket is placed in the circular groove. The screw passes through the rigid gasket and cooperates with the hole to fix the nozzle body and the base. Because the nozzle body is usually made of ceramic, the design of the superior arc groove and the inferior arc groove can concentrate the force point mainly on the base to avoid damage to the nozzle body.

[0031] Two cylindrical grooves are provided on the side of the nozzle body opposite to the base. The inner diameter of the cylindrical groove is 1 / 4 of the inner diameter of the cylindrical hole I, and the depth of the cylindrical groove is 1 / 2 of the thickness of the nozzle body. The size is designed in this way to ensure stable pressure.

[0032] A cylindrical hole II is provided at the bottom of the cylindrical groove and penetrates the nozzle body; one end of the cylindrical hole II is connected to the cylindrical hole I through the cylindrical groove;

[0033] A wire passage is provided on the side of the nozzle body facing away from the base, and the other ends of the two cylindrical holes II are respectively located on both sides of the wire passage and are connected to the wire passage;

[0034] The two sides of the wire passage are arc-shaped, with the arc-shaped protrusions facing each other. The depth of the wire passage is 1 / 3 of the thickness of the nozzle body, and the outlet of the wire passage is trumpet-shaped. The arc and trumpet-shaped design is to prevent the wire from hitting the porcelain parts.

[0035] The direction of the airflow ejected from the outlet of the cylindrical hole II forms an angle of 45 to 60 degrees with the direction of the filament bundle running in the filament passage. When the angle is set within this range, the filament bundle is less damaged and the network nodes are also good.

[0036] Wire guides are provided at the outlet and inlet of the wire passage, and the wire guides are fixedly connected to the base;

[0037] The upper cover is arranged above the nozzle body and fits with the nozzle body. Part of the upper cover and the wire passage form a hollow structure. The upper cover is detachably fixed to the base.

[0038] The polyester fibers produced in this invention have a hollow, irregular cross-section with a uniform distribution of coarse and fine details. Due to this unusual cross-section, conventional interlacing devices would result in poor uniformity of coarse and fine details, affecting dyeing results. The present invention employs a side-by-side double-spray interlacing method to prevent damage to the fibers during interlacing and improve the fiber's interlacing quality.

[0039] In the prior art, an air jet hole is provided in the middle of the wire passing channel of the network nozzle. The direction of the air jet hole is vertically distributed with respect to the running filament. Usually, the degree of fiber network is improved by increasing the compressed air pressure in the air jet hole. Since the compressed air jet holes in the nozzle are vertically distributed with respect to the running filament, the jet velocity of the compressed air ejected from the air jet holes is too high, causing the filament bundle to collide with the nozzle too violently, and some single filaments in the filament bundle are damaged, resulting in a decrease in the strength and elongation of the fiber and uneven dyeing.

[0040] In the present invention, compressed air sequentially enters the cylindrical groove and the cylindrical hole II in the nozzle body from the cylindrical hole I on the base, and then blows from both sides to the filament running in the wire passing channel in the nozzle body at the outlet of the cylindrical hole II. The filaments are wound and intertwined by the compressed air blown from both sides to form network nodes. The network compressed air of this device blows obliquely from both sides of the filament bundle to the running filament bundle. Under the action of the network compressed air on both sides, the fluid in the wire channel is turbulent, and the single filaments in the running filament bundle are easily loosened and intertwined with each other to form uniform and highly firm network nodes. This device has low air consumption, and the pressure provided by the compressed air only needs 60% of the existing pressure (because it blows from both sides of the compressed air to the filament bundle, so only 60% of the existing pressure is required), and a network node with good fastness can be achieved without damaging the single filaments in the filament bundle.

[0041] The preparation method of a differential-dyeing moisture-permeable lightweight warm polyester fiber as described above has the following process parameters: spinning temperature 289 - 292 °C; cooling temperature 19 - 22 °C; slow cooling zone temperature 300 - 320 °C; draw roll speed 1800 - 2200 m / min, draw roll temperature 79 - 82 °C; setting roll speed 3550 - 3900 m / min, setting roll temperature 118 - 122 °C; winding speed 3500 - 3800 m / min, winding tension 0.18 - 0.23 cN / dtex; network pressure 0.26 - 0.28 MPa.

[0042] The present invention also provides a differential-dyeing moisture-permeable lightweight warm polyester fiber prepared by the method described in any one of the above. The differential-dyeing moisture-permeable lightweight warm polyester fiber is a hollow slub filament, which is formed by alternating connection of thick slubs and thin slubs. The length of the thick slubs is 2 - 3 mm, and the length of the thin slubs is 5 - 7 mm; the fineness of the differential-dyeing moisture-permeable lightweight warm polyester fiber is 33 - 55 dtex, the F number is 36 - 144, the linear density deviation rate is 0.05%, the breaking strength ≥ 3.6 cN / dtex, the breaking strength CV value ≤ 2.6%, the breaking elongation is 32.5 ± 4%, the breaking elongation CV value ≤ 5.0%, the evenness CV value of the yarn evenness ≤ 0.90%, the boiling water shrinkage rate is 7.3 ± 0.8%, the oiling rate is 1.2 ± 0.2%, and the hollowness is 20 - 30%.

[0043] Beneficial effects:

[0044] (1) A method for preparing a metachromatic moisture-permeable lightweight warm polyester fiber of the present invention. The micropores of the spinneret are designed as two spinneret micropores with different cross-sections connected by an intermediate connecting groove. By using the melt flow rate ratio of the two spinneret micropores with different cross-sections, thick and thin filaments with an orientation difference along the fiber cross-section and a linear density difference along the length direction are formed, and the distribution of thick and thin sections is uniform. Because the orientation degree of the thick sections is low and the orientation degree of the thin sections is high, under the same dyeing conditions, the thick sections absorb more dye and the thin sections absorb less dye. After dyeing the fiber fabric, an effect of alternating light and dark colors can be given;

[0045] (2) A method for preparing a metachromatic moisture-permeable lightweight warm polyester fiber of the present invention. When oiling the tow, a non-contact method is adopted. The oil agent emulsion is sprayed in a mist from the oil outlet holes in the oil injector nozzle to oil the inner and outer tow in the wire passing channel, reducing wire breakage and improving the uniformity of oiling the tow;

[0046] (3) A method for preparing a metachromatic moisture-permeable lightweight warm polyester fiber of the present invention. A network method of side oblique double spraying is adopted. The compressed air is blown obliquely from both sides into the running tow. This can not only improve the network degree of the fiber, but also avoid damage to the tow during the network process, improve the post-processing performance of the fiber, and on the other hand, can also save energy;

[0047] (4) The metachromatic moisture-permeable lightweight warm polyester fiber prepared by the method of the present invention not only has an effect of alternating light and dark colors in dye absorption, but also has a dual effect of moisture absorption, moisture conduction and warmth retention. Description of the Drawings

[0048] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the distribution of spinneret holes;

[0049] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the micropores of the spinneret;

[0050] Figure 3 It is a structural diagram of the inside of the spinneret hole;

[0051] Figure 4 It is a cross-sectional diagram of the fiber;

[0052] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the oiling device;

[0053] Figures 6 - 7 It is a schematic diagram of different angles of the oil injector nozzle;

[0054] Figure 8 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the nozzle device;

[0055] Figure 9 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the base of the nozzle device;

[0056] Figure 10 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram when the base of the nozzle device and the nozzle body are assembled;

[0057] Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the back side during the assembly of the nozzle device base and the nozzle body;

[0058] Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the nozzle body;

[0059] Figure 13 Schematic diagram of the back side of the nozzle body;

[0060] Figure 14 Schematic diagram of the upper cover;

[0061] Among them, 1 - spinneret plate, 2 - spinneret holes, 3 - guide holes, 4 - metering holes, 5 - first transition holes, 6 - second transition holes, 7 - micro holes, 8 - holeless band, 9 - spinning micro holes I, 10 - spinning micro holes II, 11 - communication grooves, 12 - drive motor, 13 - coupling, 14 - sizing pump, 15 - oil outlet hole I, 16 - quick connector a, 17 - upper oil pipe, 18 - quick connector b, 19 - nozzle, 20 - oil outlet hole II, 21 - oil outlet hole III, 23 - base, 24 - nozzle body, 25 - upper cover, 26 - cylindrical hole I, 27 - superior arc-shaped groove, 28 - inferior arc-shaped groove, 29 - screws, 30 - gaskets, 31 - cylindrical groove, 32 - cylindrical hole II, 33 - wire passing channel, 34 - wire guide. Specific embodiments

[0062] The following further elaborates on the present invention in combination with specific embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention and not to limit the scope of the present invention. In addition, it should be understood that after reading the content taught by the present invention, those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications to the present invention, and these equivalent forms also fall within the scope defined by the appended claims of this application.

[0063] The test method involved in the present invention is as follows:

[0064] Linear density deviation rate: The calculation formula in "GB / T 14343 - 2008 Test Method for Linear Density of Chemical Fiber Filament Yarns" is used, that is, (actual linear density - theoretical linear density) / theoretical linear density * 100%;

[0065] Breaking strength, breaking strength CV value, breaking elongation rate, and breaking elongation rate CV value: Use a Changzhou YG023B single yarn strength tester to pull the fiber to break under the condition of constant speed and uniform tension, and obtain the breaking strength, breaking strength CV value, breaking elongation rate, and breaking elongation rate CV value of the specimen from the data display. The specific test method refers to "GB / T 14344 - 2008 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Synthetic Fiber Filament Yarns";

[0066] CV value of evenness: Measured by Uster-Ⅳ evenness tester. When the filament passes through the air capacitor composed of two parallel metal plates at the detection point, due to the change in the weight per unit length of the filament, the capacitance changes accordingly. The change rate of capacitance is linearly related to the change in the weight of the filament between the plates of the detection capacitor. Through an automatic integrator, the unevenness rate is displayed, and thus the evenness of the sample is obtained. For the specific test method, refer to "GB / T 14346-2015 Chemical Fibers - Filament Electronic Evenness Test Method".

[0067] Boiling water shrinkage rate: Under specified conditions, using a heat treatment medium (boiling water or dry hot air), measure the change in the length of the sample before and after treatment, and calculate the percentage of the change in the original sample length. Thus, the boiling water shrinkage rate is obtained. For the specific test method, refer to "GB / T 6505-2017 Chemical Fibers - Filament Heat Shrinkage Rate Test Method".

[0068] Oil content rate: Using a nuclear magnetic resonance fiber oil content rate tester, select a section of fiber according to the nuclear magnetic resonance method to test the oil content rate of the sample. For the specific test method, refer to "GB / T 6504-2008 Chemical Fibers - Oil Content Test Method".

[0069] Hollow ratio: (Volume of the hollow part in the fiber center / Volume of the whole fiber) × 100%; among them, the volume of the hollow part in the fiber center is obtained through microscopic observation, and the volume of the whole fiber is obtained through microscopic measurement method.

[0070] Sources of some raw materials of the present invention:

[0071] Smoothing agent: Dodecyl oleic acid synthetic ester compound, CMO, manufacturer: Nantong Zhanyi Chemical Co., Ltd.;

[0072] Antistatic agent: Sodium tetradecylsulfonate, CAS: 1191-50-0, manufacturer: Hubei Benofu Chemical Technology Co., Ltd.;

[0073] Bundle agent: Alkylolamide, JH-120, manufacturer: Xinxiang Jinghong Chemical Co., Ltd.;

[0074] Emulsifier: Alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, OP-10, manufacturer: Guangzhou Baojili Chemical Co., Ltd.;

[0075] Wetting and penetrating agent: Dodecyl polyoxyethylene ether, EMULGEN147, manufacturer: Star Outside the Sky Chemistry (Shanghai) Co., Ltd.;

[0076] Viscosity additive: CPE-1500;

[0077] Antioxidant: Antioxidant 168, manufacturer: Suzhou Jixin Trading Co., Ltd.;

[0078] Antiseptic: GY-910, Manufacturer: Changzhou Runyang Chemical Co., Ltd.;

[0079] pH regulator: AMP-95, Manufacturer: Henan Youchuang Chemical Products Co., Ltd.

[0080] Example 1

[0081] A preparation method of a metachromatic moisture-permeable lightweight warm polyester fiber is as follows:

[0082] After the polyester melt is extruded from the spinneret holes 2 of the spinneret 1, it successively undergoes slow cooling, cooling, oiling, drawing and setting, texturing and winding to obtain the metachromatic moisture-permeable lightweight warm polyester fiber;

[0083] As Figure 1 shown, the spinneret is a circular spinneret with a diameter of 85 mm; an apertureless zone 8 is provided on the circular spinneret; the apertureless zone 8 includes a circular apertureless zone and 4 blade-shaped apertureless zones; the diameter of the circular apertureless zone is 6 mm, the center of the circular apertureless zone coincides with the center of the spinneret, the 4 blade-shaped apertureless zones have the same size, the shape of the blade is strip-shaped, the two long sides of the strip are parallel and have the same length, the distance between the two long sides is 3 mm, one end of each long side is connected to the edge of the circular apertureless zone, and the other end is connected to the edge of the spinneret; among the two short sides of the strip, one coincides with the edge of the circular apertureless zone, and the other coincides with the edge of the spinneret; the apertureless zone divides the spinneret into 4 regions, and 36 spinneret holes are provided on the spinneret, which are evenly distributed in the 4 regions;

[0084] As Figure 3 shown, the spinneret hole 2 is composed of a guide hole 3, a metering hole 4, a transition hole and a micro-hole 7 from top to bottom; the transition hole is composed of a first transition hole 5 and a second transition hole 6 from top to bottom, and the diameter of the second transition hole 6 is smaller than the diameter of the first transition hole 5;

[0085] The cross-section of the micro-hole 7 is composed of a spinneret micro-hole I 9, a connecting groove 11 and a spinneret micro-hole II 10;

[0086] As Figure 2 shown, the spinneret micro-hole I 9 is a circular hole; the spinneret micro-hole II 10 is a regular triangular annular hole with a notch, and the distance between the two ends of the notch (i.e., the slit distance W2 is 0.08 mm); the outer side length L1 of the regular triangular annular hole with a notch is 0.6 mm; the width of the regular triangular annular hole with a notch (i.e., the slit width W1 is 0.2 mm); the connecting groove is a rectangular hole with a length of 1.0 mm, and the spinneret micro-hole I 9 is connected to one corner of the regular triangular annular hole with a notch through the connecting groove 11;

[0087] The cross-sectional area of the spinneret micro-hole II is S1, the cross-sectional area of the spinneret micro-hole I is S2, and the ratio of the cross-sectional area of the spinneret micro-hole II 10 to the cross-sectional area of the spinneret micro-hole I 9 is 16;

[0088] As Figure 5 shown, the oiling device used for oiling includes a driving motor 12, a coupling 13, an oil agent pump 14, a quick connector a 16, an oil pipe 17, a quick connector b 18, and an oil nozzle connecting rod;

[0089] The driving motor 12 is connected to the oil agent pump 14 through the coupling 13. The oil agent pump 14 is provided with a plurality of oil outlet holes I 15. One end of the oil pipe 17 is connected to the oil outlet hole I 15 through the quick connector a 16, and the other end of the oil pipe 17 is connected to the oil nozzle connecting rod through the quick connector b 18;

[0090] As Figures 6 - 7 shown, the oil nozzle connecting rod is provided with an injection nozzle 19. The injection nozzle 19 includes an open hollow ring and a hollow cylinder; one bottom surface of the hollow cylinder is connected to the inner ring surface of the hollow ring, and the open hollow ring and the hollow cylinder are in communication with each other; the central axis of the hollow cylinder is directly opposite to the opening position of the open hollow ring and coincides with the central axis of the oil nozzle connecting rod;

[0091] The inner ring surface of the hollow ring is provided with evenly distributed oil outlet holes II 20, and the aperture of the oil outlet holes II 20 is 0.3 mm;

[0092] The circumferential surface of the hollow cylinder is provided with evenly distributed oil outlet holes III 21, and the aperture of the oil outlet holes III 21 is 0.3 mm;

[0093] As Figure 8 shown, the network device adopted by the network is a side double-spray network device, including a base 23, a nozzle body 24, and an upper cover 25;

[0094] As Figures 9 - 14 shown, the center of the base 23 is provided with a nozzle body groove, and the bottom of the nozzle body groove is provided with a cylindrical hole I 26 penetrating through the base 23; both sides of the base 23 are provided with a superior arc-shaped groove 27 with a superior arc-shaped cross section, and the bottom of the superior arc-shaped groove 27 is provided with a hole;

[0095] Both sides of the nozzle body 24 are provided with an inferior arc-shaped groove 28 with an inferior arc-shaped cross section. When the nozzle body 24 is placed in the nozzle body groove, the superior arc-shaped groove 27 and the inferior arc-shaped groove 28 form a circular groove, and a rigid gasket 30 is placed in the circular groove. A screw 29 passes through the rigid gasket 30 and cooperates with the hole to fixedly connect the nozzle body 24 and the base 23;

[0096] One side of the nozzle body 24 opposite to the base 23 is provided with 2 cylindrical grooves 31. The inner diameter of the cylindrical grooves 31 is 1 / 4 of the inner diameter of the cylindrical hole I 26, and the depth of the cylindrical grooves 31 is 1 / 2 of the thickness of the nozzle body 24;

[0097] At the bottom of the cylindrical groove 31, there is a cylindrical hole II 32 that penetrates the nozzle body 24; one end of the cylindrical hole II 32 communicates with the cylindrical hole I 26 through the cylindrical groove 31;

[0098] On the side of the nozzle body 24 facing away from the base 23, there is a wire passing channel. The other ends of the two cylindrical holes II 32 are respectively located on both sides of the wire passing channel and communicate with the wire passing channel;

[0099] The two sides of the wire passing channel 33 are arc-shaped, with the arcs protruding towards each other. The depth of the wire passing channel 33 is 1 / 3 of the thickness of the nozzle body, and the outlet of the wire passing channel is trumpet-shaped;

[0100] The direction of movement of the airflow ejected from the outlet of the cylindrical hole II 32 forms a 60° angle with the direction of the filament bundle running in the wire passing channel;

[0101] Wire guides 34 are provided at the outlet and inlet of the wire passing channel, and the wire guides 34 are fixedly connected to the base 23;

[0102] The upper cover 25 is arranged above the nozzle body 24 and fits with the nozzle body 24. A partial area of the upper cover 25 forms a hollow structure with the wire passing channel; the upper cover 25 is detachably and fixedly connected to the base 23;

[0103] The oil agent used for oiling is an emulsion with a concentration of 15wt% prepared by mixing crude oil and pure water; the crude oil includes 30wt% of a smoothing agent, 36wt% of an antistatic agent, 8wt% of a bundling agent, 8wt% of an emulsifier, 10wt% of a wetting and penetrating agent, 3.5wt% of a viscosity additive, 2wt% of an antioxidant, 1.5wt% of a preservative, and 1wt% of a pH regulator; the surface tension of the oil agent is 29mN / m;

[0104] The process parameters are: spinning temperature 289°C; cooling temperature 19°C; slow cooling zone temperature 300°C; draw roll speed 1800m / min, draw roll temperature 82°C; setting roll speed 3900m / min, setting roll temperature 122°C; winding speed 3800m / min, winding tension 0.18cN / dtex; network pressure 0.28MPa.

[0105] As Figure 4 shown, the finally obtained differential-dyed moisture-permeable lightweight warm polyester fiber is a hollow slub yarn with a thick slub length of 3mm and a thin slub length of 5mm; the fineness of the differential-dyed moisture-permeable lightweight warm polyester fiber is 33dtex, the linear density deviation rate is 0.05%, the breaking strength is 4.02cN / dtex, the breaking strength CV value is 1.2%, the breaking elongation is 34.1%, the breaking elongation CV value is 2.1%, the evenness CV value of the yarn is 0.6%, the boiling water shrinkage rate is 7.6%, the oiling rate is 1.1%, and the hollowness is 30%.

[0106] Example 2

[0107] A preparation method of a metachromatic moisture-permeable lightweight heat-preserving polyester fiber is as follows:

[0108] After the polyester melt is extruded from the spinneret holes of the spinneret plate, it successively passes through slow cooling, cooling, oiling, drawing and setting, texturing and winding to obtain the metachromatic moisture-permeable lightweight heat-preserving polyester fiber;

[0109] The spinneret plate is a circular spinneret plate with a diameter of 90 mm; a hole-free zone is provided on the circular spinneret plate, and the hole-free zone includes a circular hole-free zone and 4 blade-shaped hole-free zones; the diameter of the circular hole-free zone is 7 mm, the center of the circular hole-free zone coincides with the center of the spinneret plate, the 4 blade-shaped hole-free zones have the same size, the shape of the blade is strip-shaped, the two long sides of the strip are parallel and have the same length, the distance between the two long sides is 3.5 mm, one end of each long side is connected to the edge of the circular hole-free zone, and the other end is connected to the edge of the spinneret plate; among the two short sides of the strip, one coincides with the edge of the circular hole-free zone, and the other coincides with the edge of the spinneret plate; the hole-free zone divides the spinneret plate into 4 regions, and 48 spinneret holes are provided on the spinneret plate, which are evenly distributed in the 4 regions;

[0110] The spinneret hole is composed of a guide hole, a metering hole, a transition hole and a micro hole from top to bottom; the cross-section of the micro hole is composed of a spinning micro hole I, a connecting groove and a spinning micro hole II;

[0111] The spinning micro hole I is a circular hole; the spinning micro hole II is a regular triangular annular hole with a notch, and the distance between the two ends of the notch is 0.07 mm; the outer side length L1 of the regular triangular annular hole with a notch is 0.55 mm; the width of the regular triangular annular hole with a notch is 0.18 mm; the connecting groove is a rectangular hole with a length of 0.95 mm, and the spinning micro hole I is connected to one corner of the regular triangular annular hole with a notch through the connecting groove;

[0112] The cross-sectional area of the spinning micro hole II is S1, the cross-sectional area of the spinning micro hole I is S2, and the ratio of the cross-sectional area of the spinning micro hole II to the cross-sectional area of the spinning micro hole I is 10;

[0113] The transition hole is composed of a first transition hole and a second transition hole from top to bottom, and the diameter of the second transition hole is smaller than that of the first transition hole;

[0114] [[ID=Q25]]The oiling device used for oiling includes a driving motor, a coupling, an oil agent pump, a quick connector a, an oil pipe, a quick connector b, and an oil nozzle connecting rod;

[0115] The driving motor is connected to the oil agent pump through a coupling. The oil agent pump is provided with a plurality of oil outlet holes I. One end of the oil pipe is connected to the oil outlet hole I through the quick connector a, and the other end of the oil pipe is connected to the oil nozzle connecting rod through the quick connector b;

[0116] The oil nozzle connecting rod is provided with an oil nozzle, and the oil nozzle includes an open hollow ring and a hollow cylinder; one bottom surface of the hollow cylinder is connected to the inner ring surface of the hollow ring, and the open hollow ring and the hollow cylinder are interconnected; the central axis of the hollow cylinder is facing the opening position of the open hollow ring and coincides with the central axis of the oil nozzle connecting rod;

[0117] The inner ring surface of the hollow ring is provided with uniformly distributed oil outlet holes II, and the aperture of the oil outlet holes II is 0.35 mm;

[0118] The circumferential surface of the hollow cylinder is provided with uniformly distributed oil outlet holes III, and the aperture of the oil outlet holes III is 0.35 mm;

[0119] The network device adopted by the network is a side double-spray network device, including a base, a nozzle body and an upper cover;

[0120] The center of the base is provided with a nozzle body groove, and the bottom of the nozzle body groove is provided with a cylindrical hole I penetrating the base; both sides of the base are provided with superior arc-shaped grooves with a superior arc-shaped cross-section, and holes are provided at the bottoms of the superior arc-shaped grooves;

[0121] Both sides of the nozzle body are provided with inferior arc-shaped grooves with an inferior arc-shaped cross-section. When the nozzle body is placed in the nozzle body groove, the superior arc-shaped groove and the inferior arc-shaped groove form a circular groove, and a rigid gasket is placed in the circular groove. Screws pass through the rigid gasket and cooperate with the holes to fixedly connect the nozzle body and the base;

[0122] One side of the nozzle body opposite to the base is provided with 2 cylindrical grooves, the inner diameter of the cylindrical grooves is 1 / 4 of the inner diameter of the cylindrical hole I, and the depth of the cylindrical grooves is 1 / 2 of the thickness of the nozzle body;

[0123] The bottom of the cylindrical groove is provided with a cylindrical hole II penetrating the nozzle body; one end of the cylindrical hole II is communicated with the cylindrical hole I through the cylindrical groove;

[0124] One side of the nozzle body facing away from the base is provided with a wire passing channel, and the other ends of the 2 cylindrical holes II are respectively located on both sides of the wire passing channel and are communicated with the wire passing channel;

[0125] Both sides of the wire passing channel are arc-shaped, the arcs protrude relatively, the depth of the wire passing channel is 1 / 3 of the thickness of the nozzle body, and the outlet of the wire passing channel is trumpet-shaped;

[0126] The movement direction of the airflow ejected from the outlet of the cylindrical hole II forms a 55° angle with the direction of the wire bundle running in the wire passing channel;

[0127] Wire guides are arranged at the outlet and inlet of the wire passing channel, and the wire guides are fixedly connected to the base;

[0128] The upper cover is arranged above the nozzle body and fits with the nozzle body. A hollow structure is formed between a partial area of the upper cover and the wire passing channel. The upper cover is detachably and fixedly connected to the base.

[0129] The oil agent used for oiling is an emulsion with a concentration of 16 wt% prepared by mixing crude oil and pure water. The crude oil includes 30 wt% of a smoothing agent, 38 wt% of an antistatic agent, 9 wt% of a bundling agent, 9 wt% of an alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, 9 wt% of a wetting and penetrating agent, 2.5 wt% of a viscosity additive, 1.0 wt% of an antioxidant, 1.0 wt% of a preservative, and 0.5 wt% of a pH regulator. The surface tension of the oil agent is 30 mN / m.

[0130] The process parameters are as follows: spinning temperature 290 °C; cooling temperature 20 °C; temperature in the slow cooling zone 305 °C; speed of the drawing roller 1900 m / min, temperature of the drawing roller 81 °C; speed of the setting roller 3830 m / min, temperature of the setting roller 121 °C; winding speed 3750 m / min, winding tension 0.19 cN / dtex; network pressure 0.275 MPa.

[0131] The finally obtained differently dyed moisture-permeable lightweight heat-preserving polyester fiber is a hollow slub yarn. The length of the thick slub is 2.9 mm, and the length of the thin slub is 6 mm. The fineness of the differently dyed moisture-permeable lightweight heat-preserving polyester fiber is 40 dtex, the linear density deviation rate is 0.05%, the breaking strength is 3.98 cN / dtex, the CV value of the breaking strength is 1.6%, the breaking elongation is 33.5%, the CV value of the breaking elongation is 2.4%, the CV value of the evenness variation rate of yarn is 0.65%, the boiling water shrinkage rate is 7.4%, the oiling rate is 1.2%, and the hollowness rate is 28%.

[0132] Example 3

[0133] A preparation method of a differently dyed moisture-permeable lightweight heat-preserving polyester fiber is as follows:

[0134] After the polyester melt is extruded from the spinneret holes of the spinneret plate, it successively passes through slow cooling, cooling, oiling, drawing and setting, texturing, and winding to obtain the differently dyed moisture-permeable lightweight heat-preserving polyester fiber.

[0135] The spinneret is a circular spinneret with a diameter of 95 mm; a non-porous belt is provided on the circular spinneret, and the non-porous belt includes a circular non-porous belt and 4 blade non-porous belts; the diameter of the circular non-porous belt is 8 mm, the center of the circular non-porous belt coincides with the center of the spinneret, the 4 blade non-porous belts have the same size, the shape of the blade is strip-shaped, the two long sides of the strip are parallel and have the same length, the distance between the two long sides is 4 mm, one end of each long side is connected to the edge of the circular non-porous belt, and the other end is connected to the edge of the spinneret; among the two short sides of the strip, one coincides with the edge of the circular non-porous belt, and the other coincides with the edge of the spinneret; the non-porous belt divides the spinneret into 4 regions, and 72 spinneret holes are provided on the spinneret, which are evenly distributed in the 4 regions;

[0136] The spinneret hole is composed of a guide hole, a metering hole, a transition hole and a micro hole from top to bottom; the cross-section of the micro hole is composed of a spinneret micro hole I, a connecting groove and a spinneret micro hole II;

[0137] The spinneret micro hole I is a circular hole; the spinneret micro hole II is a regular triangular annular hole with a notch, and the distance between the two ends of the notch is 0.06 mm; the outer side length L1 of the regular triangular annular hole with a notch is 0.5 mm; the width of the regular triangular annular hole with a notch is 0.15 mm; the connecting groove is a rectangular hole with a length of 0.9 mm, and the spinneret micro hole I is connected to one corner of the regular triangular annular hole with a notch through the connecting groove;

[0138] The cross-sectional area of the spinneret micro hole II is S1, the cross-sectional area of the spinneret micro hole I is S2, and the ratio of the cross-sectional area of the spinneret micro hole II to the cross-sectional area of the spinneret micro hole I is 5;

[0139] The transition hole is composed of a first transition hole and a second transition hole from top to bottom, and the diameter of the second transition hole is smaller than that of the first transition hole;

[0140] The oiling device used for oiling includes a driving motor, a coupling, an oil agent pump, a quick connector a, an oil pipe, a quick connector b, and an oil nozzle connecting rod;

[0141] The driving motor is connected to the oil agent pump through a coupling. The oil agent pump is provided with a plurality of oil outlet holes I. One end of the oil pipe is connected to the oil outlet hole I through the quick connector a, and the other end of the oil pipe is connected to the oil nozzle connecting rod through the quick connector b;

[0142] An oil nozzle is provided on the oil nozzle connecting rod. The oil nozzle includes an open hollow ring and a hollow cylinder; one bottom surface of the hollow cylinder is connected to the inner ring surface of the hollow ring, and the open hollow ring and the hollow cylinder are interconnected; the central axis of the hollow cylinder is directly opposite to the opening position of the open hollow ring and coincides with the central axis of the oil nozzle connecting rod;

[0143] Uniformly distributed oil outlet holes II are provided on the inner ring surface of the hollow ring, and the aperture of the oil outlet holes II is 0.4 mm;

[0144] The circumferential surface of the hollow cylinder is provided with evenly distributed oil outlet holes III, and the aperture of the oil outlet holes III is 0.4 mm;

[0145] The network device adopted by the network is a side double-spray network device, including a base, a nozzle body and an upper cover;

[0146] A nozzle body groove is provided at the center of the base, and a cylindrical hole I penetrating the base is provided at the bottom of the nozzle body groove; on both sides of the base, there are superior arc-shaped grooves with a superior arc-shaped cross-section, and holes are provided at the bottom of the superior arc-shaped grooves;

[0147] Inferior arc-shaped grooves with an inferior arc-shaped cross-section are provided on both sides of the nozzle body. When the nozzle body is placed in the nozzle body groove, the superior arc-shaped groove and the inferior arc-shaped groove form a circular groove, and a rigid gasket is placed in the circular groove. Screws pass through the rigid gasket and cooperate with the holes to fixedly connect the nozzle body and the base;

[0148] Two cylindrical grooves are provided on the surface of the nozzle body opposite to the base. The inner diameter of the cylindrical grooves is 1 / 4 of the inner diameter of the cylindrical hole I, and the depth of the cylindrical grooves is 1 / 2 of the thickness of the nozzle body;

[0149] A cylindrical hole II penetrating the nozzle body is provided at the bottom of the cylindrical groove; one end of the cylindrical hole II is communicated with the cylindrical hole I through the cylindrical groove;

[0150] A wire passing channel is provided on the surface of the nozzle body facing away from the base. The other ends of the two cylindrical holes II are respectively located on both sides of the wire passing channel and are communicated with the wire passing channel;

[0151] Both sides of the wire passing channel are arc-shaped, the arcs protrude relatively, the depth of the wire passing channel is 1 / 3 of the thickness of the nozzle body, and the outlet of the wire passing channel is trumpet-shaped;

[0152] The movement direction of the airflow ejected from the outlet of the cylindrical hole II forms a 50° angle with the direction of the wire bundle running in the wire passing channel;

[0153] Wire guides are provided at the outlet and inlet of the wire passing channel, and the wire guides are fixedly connected to the base;

[0154] The upper cover is arranged above the nozzle body and fits with the nozzle body. A hollow structure is formed between a part of the upper cover and the wire passing channel; the upper cover is detachably and fixedly connected to the base;

[0155] The oil agent used for oiling is an emulsion with a concentration of 17 wt% prepared by mixing crude oil and pure water; the crude oil includes 29 wt% of a smoothing agent, 39 wt% of an antistatic agent, 9 wt% of a bundling agent, 9 wt% of an emulsifier, 9 wt% of a wetting and penetrating agent, 2.0 wt% of a viscosity additive, 1.5 wt% of an antioxidant, 1.0 wt% of a preservative, and 0.5 wt% of a pH regulator; the surface tension of the oil agent is 31 mN / m;

[0156] The process parameters are as follows: spinning temperature 291 °C; cooling temperature 21 °C; slow cooling zone temperature 310 °C; draw roll speed 2000 m / min, draw roll temperature 81 °C; setting roll speed 3670 m / min, setting roll temperature 120 °C; winding speed 3600 m / min, winding tension 0.2 cN / dtex; network pressure 0.26 MPa.

[0157] The finally obtained differential-dyed moisture-permeable lightweight warm polyester fiber is a hollow slub yarn, the thick slub length is 2.8 mm, and the thin slub length is 6.2 mm; the fineness of the differential-dyed moisture-permeable lightweight warm polyester fiber is 50 dtex, the linear density deviation rate is 0.05%, the breaking strength is 3.9 cN / dtex, the breaking strength CV value is 1.7%, the breaking elongation is 33.2%, the breaking elongation CV value is 2.6%, the evenness CV value is 0.72%, the boiling water shrinkage rate is 7.4%, the oiling rate is 1.26%, and the hollowness is 26%.

[0158] Example 4

[0159] A preparation method of a differential-dyed moisture-permeable lightweight warm polyester fiber is as follows:

[0160] After the polyester melt is extruded from the spinneret holes of the spinneret, it successively passes through slow cooling, cooling, oiling, draw setting, texturing, and winding to obtain the differential-dyed moisture-permeable lightweight warm polyester fiber;

[0161] The spinneret is a circular spinneret with a diameter of 100 mm; there is a non-hole zone on the circular spinneret, and the non-hole zone includes a circular non-hole zone and 4 blade non-hole zones; the diameter of the circular non-hole zone is 9 mm, the center of the circular non-hole zone coincides with the center of the spinneret, the 4 blade non-hole zones have the same size, the shape of the blade is strip-shaped, the two long sides of the strip are parallel and of the same length, the distance between the two long sides is 4.5 mm, one end of each long side is connected to the edge of the circular non-hole zone, and the other end is connected to the edge of the spinneret; among the two short sides of the strip, one coincides with the edge of the circular non-hole zone, and the other coincides with the edge of the spinneret; the non-hole zone divides the spinneret into 4 regions, and there are 96 spinneret holes on the spinneret, which are evenly distributed in the 4 regions;

[0162] The spinneret hole consists of a guiding hole, a metering hole, a transition hole, and a micro-hole from top to bottom; the cross-section of the micro-hole consists of a spinning micro-hole I, a connecting groove, and a spinning micro-hole II;

[0163] The spinning micro-hole I is a circular hole; the spinning micro-hole II is a regular triangular annular hole with a notch, and the distance between the two ends of the notch is 0.05 mm; the outer side length L1 of the regular triangular annular hole with a notch is 0.45 mm; the width of the regular triangular annular hole with a notch is 0.12 mm; the connecting groove is a rectangular hole with a length of 0.85 mm, and the spinning micro-hole I is connected to one corner of the regular triangular annular hole with a notch through the connecting groove;

[0164] The cross-sectional area of the spinning micro-hole II is S1, the cross-sectional area of the spinning micro-hole I is S2, and the ratio of the cross-sectional area of the spinning micro-hole II to that of the spinning micro-hole I is 3;

[0165] The transition hole consists of a first transition hole and a second transition hole from top to bottom, and the diameter of the second transition hole is smaller than that of the first transition hole;

[0166] The oiling device for oiling includes a driving motor, a coupling, an oil agent pump, a quick connector a, an oil pipe, a quick connector b, and an oil nozzle connecting rod;

[0167] The driving motor is connected to the oil agent pump through the coupling. The oil agent pump is provided with a plurality of oil outlet holes I. One end of the oil pipe is connected to the oil outlet hole I through the quick connector a, and the other end of the oil pipe is connected to the oil nozzle connecting rod through the quick connector b;

[0168] The oil nozzle connecting rod is provided with an oil nozzle, and the oil nozzle includes an open hollow ring and a hollow cylinder; one bottom surface of the hollow cylinder is connected to the inner ring surface of the hollow ring, and the open hollow ring and the hollow cylinder are interconnected; the central axis of the hollow cylinder is directly opposite the opening position of the open hollow ring and coincides with the central axis of the oil nozzle connecting rod;

[0169] The inner ring surface of the hollow ring is provided with evenly distributed oil outlet holes II, and the aperture of the oil outlet holes II is 0.45 mm;

[0170] The circumferential surface of the hollow cylinder is provided with evenly distributed oil outlet holes III, and the aperture of the oil outlet holes III is 0.45 mm;

[0171] The network device for networking is a side double-spray network device, including a base, a nozzle body, and an upper cover;

[0172] The center of the base is provided with a nozzle body groove, and the bottom of the nozzle body groove is provided with a cylindrical hole I penetrating the base; both sides of the base are provided with a superior arc-shaped groove with a superior arc-shaped cross-section, and the bottom of the superior arc-shaped groove is provided with a hole;

[0173] On both sides of the nozzle body, there are inferior arc-shaped grooves with an inferior arc-shaped cross-section. When the nozzle body is placed in the nozzle body groove, the superior arc-shaped groove and the inferior arc-shaped groove form a circular groove. A rigid gasket is placed in the circular groove, and a screw passes through the rigid gasket and mates with the hole to fixedly connect the nozzle body and the base.

[0174] On the side of the nozzle body opposite to the base, there are 2 cylindrical grooves. The inner diameter of the cylindrical groove is 1 / 4 of the inner diameter of the cylindrical hole I, and the depth of the cylindrical groove is 1 / 2 of the thickness of the nozzle body.

[0175] At the bottom of the cylindrical groove, there is a cylindrical hole II penetrating the nozzle body. One end of the cylindrical hole II communicates with the cylindrical hole I through the cylindrical groove.

[0176] On the side of the nozzle body facing away from the base, there is a wire passing channel. The other ends of the 2 cylindrical holes II are respectively located on both sides of the wire passing channel and communicate with the wire passing channel.

[0177] The two sides of the wire passing channel are arc-shaped, with the arcs protruding towards each other. The depth of the wire passing channel is 1 / 3 of the thickness of the nozzle body, and the outlet of the wire passing channel is flared.

[0178] The movement direction of the airflow ejected from the outlet of the cylindrical hole II forms a 48° angle with the direction of the filament bundle running in the wire passing channel.

[0179] Wire guides are provided at the outlet and inlet of the wire passing channel, and the wire guides are fixedly connected to the base.

[0180] The upper cover is arranged above the nozzle body and fits with the nozzle body. A hollow structure is formed between a part of the upper cover and the wire passing channel. The upper cover is detachably and fixedly connected to the base.

[0181] The oil agent used for oiling is an emulsion with a concentration of 17.5wt% prepared by mixing crude oil and pure water. The crude oil includes 28wt% of a smoothing agent, 40wt% of an antistatic agent, 10wt% of a bundling agent, 10wt% of an emulsifier, 8wt% of a wetting and penetrating agent, 1.6wt% of a viscosity additive, 1.2wt% of an antioxidant, 0.8wt% of a preservative, and 0.4wt% of a pH regulator. The surface tension of the oil agent is 32mN / m.

[0182] The process parameters are as follows: spinning temperature 291.5°C; cooling temperature 21.5°C; slow cooling zone temperature 315°C; draw roll speed 2100m / min, draw roll temperature 80°C; setting roll speed 3610m / min, setting roll temperature 119°C; winding speed 3550m / min, winding tension 0.21cN / dtex; network pressure 0.265MPa.

[0183] The finally obtained differential-dyeing moisture-permeable lightweight warm polyester fiber is a hollow slub filament, with the thick slub length being 2.4 mm and the thin slub length being 6.8 mm; the fineness of the differential-dyeing moisture-permeable lightweight warm polyester fiber is 55 dtex, the linear density deviation rate is 0.05%, the breaking strength is 3.85 cN / dtex, the CV value of the breaking strength is 1.9%, the breaking elongation is 32.5%, the CV value of the breaking elongation is 3%, the CV value of the evenness variation rate is 0.78%, the boiling water shrinkage rate is 7.2%, the oiling rate is 1.32%, and the hollowness is 22%.

[0184] Example 5

[0185] A preparation method of a differential-dyeing moisture-permeable lightweight warm polyester fiber is as follows:

[0186] After the polyester melt is extruded from the spinneret holes of the spinneret, it successively goes through slow cooling, cooling, oiling, drawing and setting, texturing and winding to obtain the differential-dyeing moisture-permeable lightweight warm polyester fiber;

[0187] The spinneret is a circular spinneret with a diameter of 105 mm; there is a hole-free zone on the circular spinneret, and the hole-free zone includes a circular hole-free zone and 4 blade-shaped hole-free zones; the diameter of the circular hole-free zone is 10 mm, the center of the circular hole-free zone coincides with the center of the spinneret, the 4 blade-shaped hole-free zones have the same size, the shape of the blade is strip-shaped, the two long sides of the strip are parallel and have the same length, the distance between the two long sides is 5 mm, one end of each long side is connected to the edge of the circular hole-free zone, and the other end is connected to the edge of the spinneret; among the two short sides of the strip, one coincides with the edge of the circular hole-free zone, and the other coincides with the edge of the spinneret; the hole-free zone divides the spinneret into 4 regions, and there are 144 spinneret holes on the spinneret, which are evenly distributed in the 4 regions;

[0188] The spinneret hole is composed of a guiding hole, a metering hole, a transition hole and a micro-hole from top to bottom; the cross-section of the micro-hole is composed of a spinning micro-hole I, a connecting groove and a spinning micro-hole II;

[0189] The spinning micro-hole I is a circular hole; the spinning micro-hole II is a regular triangular annular hole with a notch, and the distance between the two ends of the notch is 0.04 mm; the outer side length L1 of the regular triangular annular hole with a notch is 0.4 mm; the width of the regular triangular annular hole with a notch is 0.1 mm; the connecting groove is a rectangular hole with a length of 0.8 mm, and the spinning micro-hole I is connected to one corner of the regular triangular annular hole with a notch through the connecting groove;

[0190] The cross-sectional area of the spinning micro-hole II is S1, the cross-sectional area of the spinning micro-hole I is S2, and the ratio of the cross-sectional area of the spinning micro-hole II to that of the spinning micro-hole I is 1.6;

[0191] The transition hole consists of a first transition hole and a second transition hole from top to bottom, and the diameter of the second transition hole is smaller than that of the first transition hole;

[0192] The oiling device used for oiling includes a drive motor, a coupling, an oil pump, a quick-connect joint a, an oiling pipe, a quick-connect joint b, and an oil nozzle connecting rod;

[0193] The drive motor is connected to the oil pump through a coupling. The oil pump is provided with multiple oil outlet holes I. One end of the upper oil pipe is connected to the oil outlet hole I through a quick-connect joint a, and the other end of the upper oil pipe is connected to the oil nozzle connecting rod through a quick-connect joint b.

[0194] The nozzle connecting rod is provided with a fuel injection nozzle, which includes an open hollow ring and a hollow cylinder; a bottom surface of the hollow cylinder is connected to the inner ring surface of the hollow ring, and the open hollow ring and the hollow cylinder are interconnected; the central axis of the hollow cylinder is opposite to the opening position of the open hollow ring and coincides with the central axis of the nozzle connecting rod;

[0195] The inner ring surface of the hollow ring is provided with evenly distributed oil outlet holes II, the diameter of which is 0.5 mm;

[0196] The circumference of the hollow cylinder is provided with evenly distributed oil outlet holes III, and the diameter of the oil outlet holes III is 0.5 mm;

[0197] The network device used in the network is a side double-spray network device, including a base, a nozzle body and an upper cover;

[0198] The center of the base is provided with a nozzle body groove, and the bottom of the nozzle body groove is provided with a cylindrical hole I that passes through the base; both sides of the base are provided with a superior arc-shaped groove with a superior arc cross section, and the bottom of the superior arc-shaped groove is provided with a hole;

[0199] Both sides of the nozzle body are provided with inferior arc grooves with inferior arc cross-sections. When the nozzle body is placed in the nozzle body groove, the superior arc groove and the inferior arc groove form a circular groove. A rigid gasket is placed in the circular groove. The screw passes through the rigid gasket and cooperates with the hole to fix the nozzle body and the base.

[0200] Two cylindrical grooves are provided on the side of the nozzle body opposite to the base. The inner diameter of the cylindrical groove is 1 / 4 of the inner diameter of the cylindrical hole I, and the depth of the cylindrical groove is 1 / 2 of the thickness of the nozzle body;

[0201] A cylindrical hole II is provided at the bottom of the cylindrical groove and penetrates the nozzle body; one end of the cylindrical hole II is connected to the cylindrical hole I through the cylindrical groove;

[0202] A wire passage is provided on the side of the nozzle body facing away from the base, and the other ends of the two cylindrical holes II are respectively located on both sides of the wire passage and are connected to the wire passage;

[0203] Both sides of the wire passing channel are arc-shaped, with the arcs protruding towards each other. The depth of the wire passing channel is 1 / 3 of the thickness of the nozzle body, and the outlet of the wire passing channel is trumpet-shaped;

[0204] The direction of movement of the air flow ejected from the outlet of the cylindrical hole II forms a 45° angle with the direction of the wire bundle running in the wire passing channel;

[0205] Wire guides are provided at the outlet and inlet of the wire passing channel, and the wire guides are fixedly connected to the base;

[0206] The upper cover is arranged above the nozzle body and fits with the nozzle body. A hollow structure is formed between a partial area of the upper cover and the wire passing channel; the upper cover is detachably and fixedly connected to the base;

[0207] The oil agent used for oiling is an emulsion with a concentration of 18 wt% prepared by mixing crude oil and pure water; the crude oil includes 28 wt% of dodecyl alcohol oleic acid synthetic ester compounds, 40 wt% of sodium tetradecylsulfonate, 10 wt% of alkylolamide, 10 wt% of alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether and 8 wt% of dodecyl polyoxyethylene ether, 1.5 wt% of viscosity additive, 1.2 wt% of antioxidant, 0.8 wt% of preservative and 0.5 wt% of pH regulator; the surface tension of the oil agent is 33 mN / m;

[0208] The process parameters are as follows: spinning temperature 292 °C; cooling temperature 22 °C; slow cooling zone temperature 320 °C; draw roll speed 2200 m / min, draw roll temperature 79 °C; setting roll speed 3550 m / min, setting roll temperature 118 °C; winding speed 3500 m / min, winding tension 0.23 cN / dtex; network pressure 0.26 MPa.

[0209] The finally prepared differential-dyeing moisture-permeable lightweight warm polyester fiber is a hollow slub yarn, with the thick slub length being 2 mm and the thin slub length being 7 mm; the fineness of the differential-dyeing moisture-permeable lightweight warm polyester fiber is 55 dtex, the linear density deviation rate is 0.05%, the breaking strength is 3.71 cN / dtex, the breaking strength CV value is 2%, the breaking elongation is 32.1%, the breaking elongation CV value is 3.5%, the evenness CV value of yarn evenness is 0.82%, the boiling water shrinkage rate is 7.1%, the oiling rate is 1.4%, and the hollowness is 20%.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a metachromatic moisture-permeable lightweight warm polyester fiber. After the polyester melt is extruded from the spinneret holes of the spinneret plate (1), it successively undergoes slow cooling, cooling, oiling, drawing and setting, texturing and winding to obtain the metachromatic moisture-permeable lightweight warm polyester fiber, characterized in that, The spinneret hole (2) consists of a guiding hole (3) from top to bottom, a metering hole (4), a transition hole, and a micropore (7); the micropore consists of a spinneret micropore I (9), a connecting groove (11), and a spinneret micropore II (10). The spinneret micropore II (10) is an annular hole, and the spinneret micropore I (9) is connected to the spinneret micropore II (10) through the connecting groove (11); the ratio of the cross-sectional area of the spinneret micropore II (10) to that of the spinneret micropore I (9) is a, and 1.6 ≤ a ≤ 16. The spinneret micropore I (9) is a circular hole; the spinneret micropore II (10) is a regular triangular annular hole with a notch, and the distance between the two ends of the notch is 0.04 - 0.08 mm; the outer side length L1 of the regular triangular annular hole with a notch is 0.4 - 0.6 mm; the width of the regular triangular annular hole with a notch is 0.1 - 0.2 mm; the connecting groove is a rectangular hole with a length of 0.8 - 1.0 mm, and the spinneret micropore I is connected to one corner of the regular triangular annular hole with a notch through the connecting groove.

2. The preparation method of a metachromatic moisture-permeable lightweight heat-preserving polyester fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spinneret plate is a circular spinneret plate with a diameter of 85 - 105 mm; a non-hole zone (8) is provided on the circular spinneret plate, and the non-hole zone (8) includes a circular non-hole zone and 4 blade non-hole zones; the diameter of the circular non-hole zone is 6 - 10 mm, and the center of the circular non-hole zone coincides with the center of the spinneret plate. The 4 blade non-hole zones have the same size. The shape of the blade is strip-shaped, the two long sides of the strip are parallel and have the same length, the distance between the two long sides is 3 - 5 mm, one end of each long side is connected to the edge of the circular non-hole zone, and the other end is connected to the edge of the spinneret plate; among the two short sides of the strip, one coincides with the edge of the circular non-hole zone, and the other coincides with the edge of the spinneret plate; the non-hole zone divides the spinneret plate into 4 regions, and 36 - 144 spinneret holes are provided on the spinneret plate and are evenly distributed in the 4 regions.

3. The preparation method of a metachromatic moisture-permeable lightweight thermal polyester fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that, The transition hole consists of a first transition hole (5) and a second transition hole (6) from top to bottom, and the diameter of the second transition hole (6) is smaller than that of the first transition hole (5).

4. The preparation method of a metachromatic moisture-permeable lightweight heat-preserving polyester fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that, The oiling device for oiling includes a driving motor (12), a coupling (13), an oil agent pump (14), a quick connector a (16), an oil pipe (17), a quick connector b (18), and an oil nozzle connecting rod. The driving motor (12) is connected to the oil agent pump (14) through the coupling (13). The oil agent pump (14) is provided with a plurality of oil outlet holes I (15). One end of the oil pipe (17) is connected to the oil outlet hole I (15) through the quick connector a (16), and the other end of the oil pipe (17) is connected to the oil nozzle connecting rod through the quick connector b (18). An oil nozzle (19) is provided on the oil nozzle connecting rod. The oil nozzle (19) includes an open hollow ring and a hollow cylinder; one bottom surface of the hollow cylinder is connected to the inner ring surface of the hollow ring, and the open hollow ring and the hollow cylinder are interconnected; the central axis of the hollow cylinder is directly opposite the opening position of the open hollow ring and coincides with the central axis of the oil nozzle connecting rod. Uniformly distributed oil outlet holes II (20) are provided on the inner ring surface of the hollow ring, and the aperture of the oil outlet holes II (20) is 0.3 - 0.5 mm. The circumferential surface of the hollow cylinder is provided with evenly distributed oil outlet holes III (21), and the aperture of the oil outlet holes III (21) is 0.3 - 0.5 mm.

5. The preparation method of a metachromatic moisture-permeable lightweight thermal polyester fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that, The oil agent used for oiling is an emulsion with a concentration of 15 - 18 wt% prepared by mixing crude oil and pure water; the crude oil includes 28 - 30 wt% of a smoothing agent, 36 - 40 wt% of an antistatic agent, 8 - 10 wt% of a bundling agent, 8 - 10 wt% of an emulsifier, and 8 - 10 wt% of a wetting and penetrating agent; the smoothing agent is a synthetic ester compound, the antistatic agent is sodium tetradecylsulfonate, the bundling agent is alkylolamide, the emulsifier is alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, and the wetting and penetrating agent is dodecyl polyoxyethylene ether; the surface tension of the oil agent < 34 mN / m.

6. The preparation method of a metachromatic moisture-permeable lightweight heat-preserving polyester fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that, The texturing device used for texturing is a side double - spray texturing device, including a base (23), a nozzle body (24), and an upper cover (25); The center of the base (23) is provided with a nozzle body groove, and the bottom of the nozzle body groove is provided with a cylindrical hole I (26) penetrating through the base (23); on both sides of the base (23), there are superior - arc - shaped grooves (27) with a superior - arc cross - section, and holes are provided at the bottom of the superior - arc - shaped grooves (27); On both sides of the nozzle body (24), there are inferior - arc - shaped grooves (28) with an inferior - arc cross - section. When the nozzle body (24) is placed in the nozzle body groove, the superior - arc - shaped groove (27) and the inferior - arc - shaped groove (28) form a circular groove, a rigid gasket is placed in the circular groove, and screws pass through the rigid gasket and cooperate with the holes to fixedly connect the nozzle body (24) and the base (23); On the side of the nozzle body (24) opposite to the base (23), there are 2 cylindrical grooves (31), the inner diameter of the cylindrical grooves (31) is 1 / 4 of the inner diameter of the cylindrical hole I (26), and the depth of the cylindrical grooves (31) is 1 / 2 of the thickness of the nozzle body (24); At the bottom of the cylindrical groove (31), there is a cylindrical hole II (32) penetrating through the nozzle body (24); one end of the cylindrical hole II (32) communicates with the cylindrical hole I (26) through the cylindrical groove (31); On the side of the nozzle body (24) facing away from the base (23), there is a wire - passing channel. The other ends of the 2 cylindrical holes II (32) are respectively located on both sides of the wire - passing channel and communicate with the wire - passing channel; Both sides of the wire - passing channel are arc - shaped, the arcs protrude towards each other, the depth of the wire - passing channel is 1 / 3 of the thickness of the nozzle body, and the outlet of the wire - passing channel is trumpet - shaped; The movement direction of the air flow ejected from the outlet of the cylindrical hole II (32) forms an angle of 45 - 60° with the direction of the filament bundle running in the wire - passing channel; Wire guides are provided at the outlet and inlet of the wire - passing channel, and the wire guides are fixedly connected to the base (23); The upper cover (25) is arranged above the nozzle body (24) and fits with the nozzle body (24). A part of the upper cover (25) forms a hollow structure with the wire - passing channel; the upper cover (25) is detachably and fixedly connected to the base (23).

7. The preparation method of a metachromatic moisture-permeable lightweight heat-insulating polyester fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that The process parameters are as follows: spinning temperature 289 - 292 °C; cooling temperature 19 - 22 °C; slow cooling zone temperature 300 - 320 °C; godet roller speed 1800 - 2200 m / min, godet roller temperature 79 - 82 °C; setting roller speed 3550 - 3900 m / min, setting roller temperature 118 - 122 °C; winding speed 3500 - 3800 m / min, winding tension 0.18 - 0.23 cN / dtex; network pressure 0.26 - 0.28 MPa.

8. A metachromatic moisture-permeable lightweight warm polyester fiber prepared by the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The metachromatic moisture-permeable lightweight thermal polyester fiber is a hollow slub yarn, which is formed by alternating thick and thin segments. The length of the thick segment is 2 - 3 mm, and the length of the thin segment is 5 - 7 mm. The fineness of the metachromatic moisture-permeable lightweight thermal polyester fiber is 33 - 55 dtex, the F number is 36 - 144, the linear density deviation rate is 0.05%, the breaking strength ≥ 3.6 cN / dtex, the breaking strength CV value ≤ 2.6%, the breaking elongation is 32.5 ± 4%, the breaking elongation CV value ≤ 5.0%, the evenness CV value ≤ 0.90%, the boiling water shrinkage rate is 7.3 ± 0.8%, the oiling rate is 1.2 ± 0.2%, and the hollowness is 20 - 30%.

Images