Hydraulic power tongs for screwing on and screwing off petroleum wellhead casing

Abstract

The invention relates to a hydraulic power tong for screwing on and screwing off a petroleum wellhead casing, which comprises a lower tong assembly and an upper tong assembly, and is further provided with a clamping transmission mechanism and an adjustable clamping assembly, a clamping driving gear in the clamping transmission mechanism is connected with a piston rod of a clamping hydraulic motor through a clamping driving gear shaft, and the clamping driving gear is meshed with outer circle teeth of a clamping notch gear. A clamping assembly assembling frame in the adjustable clamping assembly is installed in an upper clamp notch gear, and a lead screw and a lead screw gear are in threaded connection in the clamping assembly assembling frame. The upper clamp tooth plate provided with clamping teeth is fixed in the upper clamp tooth plate frame; the front end of the lead screw is connected with the upper clamp tooth plate frame guide rail; the two sets of adjustable clamping assemblies are installed on the two sides of the upper clamp notch gear and the two sides of the clamping transmission mechanism. The lower clamp assembly, the anti-loosening pressing plate assembly, the clamping notch gear and the upper clamp notch gear are all installed in the lower box body, and the clamping hydraulic motor is fixed to the upper surface of the upper box plate. The method has the advantages of being high in screwing-on and screwing-off construction efficiency and safe and reliable in construction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to a casing making and breaking device for a wellhead casing in a casing replacement operation well in the petroleum industry, and in particular relates to a hydraulic power tongs for making and breaking out the casing of a petroleum wellhead. Background Art

[0002] As the continuous demand for energy has led to an increase in the intensity of oilfield exploitation, the number of well repairs has increased. Wellhead hydraulic power tongs are important devices used in well repair operations. In order to improve the efficiency of oilfield field operations, my country began to study and improve wellhead hydraulic power tongs in the 1970s. In recent years, technicians in related fields in my country have made great progress in casing shackle technology.

[0003] Wellhead hydraulic power tongs are mainly divided into open-end type and closed-end type. Among them, the closed-end hydraulic power tongs have higher strength, better reliability and longer service life due to their closed transmission device and bearing structure. However, when they are used for making and breaking out different casings in different wells, the tooth plate components used for making and breaking out are inconvenient to replace and install, and the hydraulic power tongs need to be installed in the well site for a long time, so they are only suitable for breaking out of a single well.

[0004] Although the service life of the open-end hydraulic power tongs is relatively low, the tooth plate components used for putting on and breaking off different casings can be replaced and installed directly in the radial direction of the casing to be put on and broken off, which effectively improves the convenience of replacing and installing the tooth plate components and provides convenience for downhole operations.

[0005] When the open-end hydraulic tongs are in operation, the back-up tongs or lower tongs are arranged in the lower tongs assembly to clamp the lower coupling of the casing; the main tongs or upper tongs driven by the upper tongs transmission mechanism are arranged in the upper tongs assembly to drive the casing to rotate for breaking out. The open-end hydraulic tongs are currently widely used hydraulic tongs in oil fields.

[0006] The working principle of closed-end hydraulic pliers is similar to that of open-end hydraulic pliers. Due to its closed-end structure, it has a longer service life and is safer and more reliable in operation. However, the disassembly and installation methods of the tooth plate components used for upper and lower shackles are more complicated, and its efficiency is not as good as that of open-end hydraulic pliers.

[0007] In addition, although the traditional hydraulic power tongs can be applied to most pipe diameter ranges, they are currently limited to 7in and 5in. 1 / 2in oil casing has no universal shackle device, and the 7in casing shackle device is 5 1 When breaking out the / 2 in casing, the power tongs are too large and inconvenient to operate. Different pipe diameters also require the replacement of corresponding tooth plate components. Since there are many parts to replace and the replacement process is cumbersome, the construction efficiency of oil drilling and repair operations is greatly affected.

[0008] In order to improve the existing hydraulic power tongs, the following related patent technologies have emerged: Patent application No. 202223328331.7 discloses a hydraulic power tongs automatic make-up and make-up device, which relates to the technical field of petroleum ground operating equipment; it includes a power tongs, a jaw plate and a tooth plate, the power tongs are provided with a jaw opening, the tooth plate is fixedly connected to the jaw plate, and the tooth plate and the jaw plate form an integral rotation installation in the power tongs, and the make-up and make-up device also includes a guide mechanism, and the tooth plate is aligned with the jaw plate through the guide mechanism.

[0009] In the above utility model, by providing a guiding mechanism, firstly, the tooth plate and the jaw plate can be accurately aligned; secondly, the alignment operation process is fast, which is conducive to shortening the time of the tooth plate replacement process.

[0010] However, the above patented technology only shortens the replacement time of the tooth plate. 1 / 2in oil casing construction, it is still necessary to replace the tooth plate.

[0011] Patent application No. 201510903948.2 discloses oil drilling equipment, iron roughneck and its mounting and unbuckling device. The device includes a clamp, a punching clamp and a punching cylinder. One end of the punching cylinder is fixed to the clamp, and the other end is hinged to the punching clamp. The punching cylinder is connected to a booster device. Under at least one predetermined state, the rod chamber of the punching cylinder is filled with oil and the rodless chamber is returned with oil. The booster device provides a pressure Pa greater than the system pressure P for the rod chamber of the punching cylinder.

[0012] The above invention increases the working pressure of the punch cylinder by adding a booster device, thereby achieving the designed screw-on and screw-off torque regardless of whether the drill bit is forward or reverse, while keeping the entire pump station system unchanged and the outer dimensions, structure and installation dimensions of the punch cylinder unchanged.

[0013] However, the above patented technology only realizes the designed casing make-up and make-out torque. 1 / 2in oil casing construction, it is still necessary to replace the tooth plate.

[0014] In order to solve the problem of needing to replace the casing clamping die plate component, it is also necessary to design a casing hydraulic power tong that can adapt to casings of different sizes. Summary of the invention

[0015] In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the present invention provides a hydraulic power tong for breaking out casing at the oil wellhead, which is used for casing replacement and can be used for breaking out of casings of a certain diameter, and conforms to the use regulations of oil field production sites. Under the premise of ensuring reliable work and safe use, the labor intensity of workers is reduced and the construction efficiency of well repair and replacement is improved.

[0016] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following scheme: a hydraulic power tong for breaking out casing at a petroleum wellhead, comprising a lower tong assembly and an upper tong assembly, wherein the upper tong notch gear in the upper tong assembly is driven by an upper tong driving hydraulic motor, wherein: The wellhead hydraulic power tongs are also provided with a clamping transmission mechanism and an adjustable clamping assembly; the clamping transmission mechanism is provided with a clamping notch gear, a clamping drive gear and a clamping hydraulic motor, the clamping drive gear is connected to the piston rod of the clamping hydraulic motor through the clamping drive gear shaft, and the clamping drive gear is meshed with the outer circular teeth of the clamping notch gear; the adjustable clamping assembly is provided with a clamping assembly assembly frame, an upper clamp tooth plate, a lead screw gear and a lead screw, the clamping assembly assembly frame is installed in the upper clamp notch gear, and the lead screw and the lead screw gear are threadedly connected in the clamping assembly assembly frame; the upper clamp tooth plate provided with a clamping tooth is fixed to the upper clamp In the tooth plate frame, the upper clamp tooth plate frame is installed in the upper clamp tooth plate frame guide rail, and the front end of the lead screw is connected to the upper clamp tooth plate frame guide rail; the lead screw gear is meshed with the end face meshing teeth of the clamping mechanism in the clamping notch gear, and the clamping notch gear is meshed with the end face meshing teeth of the transmission mechanism in the upper clamp notch gear through the anti-loosening gear ring in the anti-loosening pressure plate assembly; two sets of adjustable clamping assemblies are arranged, which are installed on both sides of the upper clamp notch gear and the clamping transmission mechanism; the lower clamp assembly, the anti-loosening pressure plate assembly, the clamping notch gear and the upper clamp notch gear are all installed in the lower box body, and the clamping hydraulic motor is fixed on the upper box plate.

[0017] Preferably, the clamping assembly assembly frame is a Z-shaped frame, the center hole of the lead screw gear is a threaded hole, and the lead screw gear is threadedly connected to the lead screw in a groove on the upper part of the Z-shaped frame.

[0018] Preferably, the lead screw is installed in the through holes of the frame body on both sides of the upper groove of the Z-shaped frame of the clamping assembly assembly frame through the lead screw sleeve and the bearing therein.

[0019] Preferably, the bottom of the Z-shaped frame of the clamping assembly assembly frame is fixed in the assembly grooves on both sides of the center hole of the upper clamp notch gear by bolts; and the bearing covers are fixed on both sides of the upper frame body of the clamping assembly assembly frame.

[0020] Preferably, the upper jaw tooth plate frame guide rail is a block-shaped body with a dovetail groove at the front and a T-slot at the rear. The upper jaw tooth plate frame can be inserted into the dovetail groove at the front of the upper jaw tooth plate frame guide rail, and the lead screw can be inserted into the T-slot at the rear. The upper and lower ends of the upper jaw tooth plate frame guide rail are fixed with baffles. Driven by the lead screw gear, the lead screw drives the upper jaw tooth plate frame guide rail to extend and retract forward and backward by a distance greater than 5 1 The difference in outer diameter between the / 2 casing and the 7in casing.

[0021] Preferably, a dovetail block is provided at the rear of the upper jaw tooth plate frame and a V-shaped groove is provided at the front, and the dovetail block at the rear of the upper jaw tooth plate frame can be inserted into the dovetail groove at the front of the guide rail of the upper jaw tooth plate frame; the V-shaped groove at the front of the upper jaw tooth plate frame can be loaded with the upper jaw plate that is V-shaped as a whole, and the upper jaw tooth plate frame can slide up and down in the guide rail of the upper jaw tooth plate frame driven by the rotating operating sleeve; the front end of the lead screw is provided with a T-block and can be inserted into the T-slot at the rear of the guide rail of the upper jaw tooth plate frame.

[0022] Preferably, the clamping notch gear is provided with a longitudinal notch which is the same as the lower clamp base and the upper clamp notch gear in the lower clamp assembly; the upper end face of the wheel disc of the clamping notch gear is low inside and high outside and is provided with a ring groove, and the end face meshing teeth of the clamping mechanism are arranged in the upper end face of the clamping notch gear which is low inside and provided with a notch corresponding to the longitudinal notch; the lower end face of the wheel disc of the clamping notch gear which is high outside and has an anti-loosening gear ring mounting groove, and the anti-loosening gear ring mounting groove can be installed in the anti-loosening gear ring.

[0023] Preferably, the clamping hydraulic motor is installed on the upper box plate through the clamping hydraulic motor flange, the clamping drive gear and the clamping drive gear shaft are installed in the lower box body, and the clamping drive gear is meshed with the outer circular teeth of the clamping notch gear in the lower box body.

[0024] Preferably, the anti-loosening gear ring is a notched gear ring with anti-loosening meshing teeth on the lower end surface, and the anti-loosening meshing teeth on the lower end surface of the anti-loosening gear ring can mesh with the end surface meshing teeth of the transmission mechanism in the upper clamp notched gear.

[0025] Preferably, the anti-loosening pressure plate assembly is also provided with a slide rail, a connecting block, an anti-loosening hydraulic cylinder and a positioning pin shaft, the positioning pin shaft is evenly distributed and installed in the through hole of the outer high upper end surface of the clamping notch gear wheel disc and can be threadedly connected with the anti-loosening gear ring in the anti-loosening gear ring installation groove below; the slide rail is provided with a notch corresponding to the clamping notch gear and the lower end surface is provided with a T-slot, and the slide rail is connected to the positioning pin shaft through the T-slot; the upper end of the connecting block is connected to the piston rod of the anti-loosening hydraulic cylinder and the lower end is threadedly connected to the slide rail.

[0026] Preferably, the pin body of the locating pin shaft is a T-shaped structure and can be connected to the T-slot of the slide rail, the locating pin shaft can slide up and down along the through hole in the clamping notch gear, and the slide rail can move up and down on the clamping notch gear as the piston rod of the anti-loosening hydraulic cylinder is extended and retracted; the anti-loosening hydraulic cylinder is fixed in the upper box plate on the rear side of the adjustable clamping assembly.

[0027] Preferably, the upper box plate and the lower box body have mounting structures corresponding to the clamping hydraulic motor and the clamping driving gear in the box plates and the box body on both sides; and a mounting structure corresponding to the adjustable clamping assembly is also provided on the upper box plate.

[0028] Compared with the existing technology, the present invention has the following significant use effects: the device is equipped with an upper clamp assembly and a lower clamp assembly, a clamping transmission mechanism, an anti-loosening clamping mechanism and two sets of adjustable clamping assemblies, and has the advantages of high efficiency in the construction of fastening and unfastening, stable fastening and unfastening operations, and safe and reliable construction.

[0029] The present invention is applicable to 5 1 / 2 The oil casing with diameters from 1 in to 7 in can be put on and off with convenient operation, easy installation and use, and low noise. For the casing with different diameters, there is no need to replace the corresponding tooth plate parts, which greatly improves the working efficiency of oil drilling and repair operations.

[0030] The device of the present invention is easy to operate. Since all power transmissions are hydraulic components, such as the hydraulic motor and hydraulic cylinder in the device, overload protection is easy to achieve, the installation process is simple, and it has a significant use effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present invention, they are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the casing shackle device; Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A top view of Figure 3 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the middle and lower clamp assembly.

[0032] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the middle and upper clamp transmission mechanism.

[0033] Figure 5 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the clamping transmission mechanism.

[0034] Figure 6 yes Figure 1Schematic diagram of the structure of the middle anti-loosening pressure plate assembly.

[0035] Figure 7 yes Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure of the middle anti-loosening gear ring.

[0036] Figure 8 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the gear shift mechanism.

[0037] Fig. 9 yes Figure 1 Front view of the adjustable clamping assembly.

[0038] Fig.10 yes Figure 8 Cross-sectional view of some parts.

[0039] In the figure: the operated casing 1; the lower clamp assembly 2, the lower clamp base 21, the stud 22, the roller 23, the lower clamp clamping hydraulic cylinder 24, the lower clamp tooth plate 25, the lower clamp tooth plate frame 26; the anti-loosening pressure plate assembly 3, the slide rail 31, the connecting block 32, the anti-loosening hydraulic cylinder 33, the positioning pin shaft 34, the anti-loosening gear ring 35; the clamping transmission mechanism 4, the clamping mechanism end face meshing teeth 40, the clamping notch gear 41, the clamping drive gear 42, the clamping hydraulic motor flange 43, the clamping hydraulic motor 44, the clamping drive gear shaft 45; the adjustable clamping assembly 5, the clamping assembly assembly frame 51, the lead screw Gear 52, lead screw 53, baffle 54, upper jaw tooth plate frame guide rail 55, upper jaw tooth plate frame 56, upper jaw tooth plate 57, lead screw sleeve 58; shift mechanism 6, shift gear ring 61, shift fork 62, shift hydraulic cylinder 63; upper jaw assembly 7, transmission mechanism end face meshing teeth 70, upper jaw notched gear 71, idler wheel 72, idler wheel shaft 73, duplex gear 74, upper jaw drive hydraulic motor 75, upper jaw drive hydraulic motor flange 76, driving shaft 77, low gear 78, driving gear 79, high gear 710, duplex gear shaft 711; lower box body 8, upper box plate 9. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The accompanying drawings are for reference and illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0041] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0042] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, in the description of the present invention, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0043] See also Figure 1 - Fig.10 A hydraulic power tong for breaking out casing at a petroleum wellhead comprises a lower tong assembly 2 and an upper tong assembly 7, wherein an upper tong notch gear 71 in the upper tong assembly 7 is driven by an upper tong driving hydraulic motor 75, wherein: the wellhead hydraulic power tong is also provided with a clamping transmission mechanism 4 and an adjustable clamping assembly 5; the clamping transmission mechanism 4 is provided with a clamping notch gear 41, a clamping driving gear 42 and a clamping hydraulic motor 44, the clamping driving gear 42 is connected to a piston rod of the clamping hydraulic motor 44 through a clamping driving gear shaft 45, and the clamping driving gear 42 is meshed with an outer circumferential tooth of the clamping notch gear 41; the adjustable clamping assembly 5 is provided with a clamping assembly assembly frame 51, an upper tong tooth plate 57, a lead screw gear 52 and a lead screw 53, the clamping assembly assembly frame 51 is installed in the upper tong notch gear 71, the lead screw 53 is connected to the lead screw gear 52 It is threadedly connected in the clamping assembly assembly frame 51; the upper clamp tooth plate 57 provided with a locking tooth is fixed in the upper clamp tooth plate frame 56, the upper clamp tooth plate frame 56 is installed in the upper clamp tooth plate frame guide rail 55, and the front end of the lead screw 53 is connected to the upper clamp tooth plate frame guide rail 55; the lead screw gear 52 is meshed with the clamping mechanism end face meshing teeth 40 in the clamping notch gear 41, and the clamping notch gear 41 is meshed with the transmission mechanism end face meshing teeth 70 in the upper clamp notch gear 71 through the anti-loosening gear ring 35 in the anti-loosening pressure plate assembly 3; the adjustable clamping assembly 5 is provided with two sets, which are installed on both sides of the upper clamp notch gear 71 and the clamping transmission mechanism 4; the lower clamp assembly 2, the anti-loosening pressure plate assembly 3, the clamping notch gear 41 and the upper clamp notch gear 71 are all installed in the lower box body 8, and the clamping hydraulic motor 44 is fixed on the upper box plate 9.

[0044] In the device of the present invention, the lead screw 53 drives the clamping drive gear 42, the clamping notch gear 41 and the lead screw gear 52 to rotate and move through the clamping hydraulic motor 44, and drives the upper clamp tooth plate frame guide rail 55 to extend and retract toward the operated casing 1 through the lead screw 53, thereby expanding the application range of the hydraulic power tongs. The present invention is generally applicable to the construction of make-up and make-out of casing pipe diameters within the telescopic distance, and within a certain casing outer diameter range, there is no need to replace the tooth plate component, thereby improving the convenience and efficiency of construction.

[0045] The upper jaw notch gear 71 is the main jaw for putting on and taking off the operated casing 1. The upper jaw notch gear 71 in the upper jaw assembly 7 is meshed and connected with the clamping notch gear 41 in the clamping transmission mechanism 4 through the anti-loosening gear ring 35, and is also meshed and connected with the adjustable clamping assembly 5 through the clamping mechanism end face meshing teeth 40 in the clamping notch gear 41. The lead screw gear 52 in the adjustable clamping assembly 5 is meshed with the clamping mechanism end face meshing teeth 40 in the clamping notch gear 41, so that the upper jaw tooth plate 57 fixed at the front end of the lead screw 53 can gather and retract toward the operated casing 1 as the clamping notch gear 41 rotates, and the putting on and taking off of the operated casing 1 of different pipe diameters can be realized without replacing the upper and taking off tooth plate components, which greatly facilitates the construction of putting on and taking off the casing.

[0046] The lower clamp assembly 2 is provided with a lower clamp base 21, two sets of lower clamp clamping hydraulic cylinders 24 for clamping the operated casing 1, a lower clamp tooth plate frame 26 and a lower clamp tooth plate 25. The rear portion of the lower clamp tooth plate frame 26 is provided with a threaded hole, and the front portion is V-shaped. The rear portion of the lower clamp tooth plate 25 is V-shaped, and the front portion is a tooth that can clamp the operated casing 1. The rear portion of the lower clamp tooth plate frame 26 is connected to the piston rod of the lower clamp clamping hydraulic cylinder 24, and the front portion of the lower clamp tooth plate frame 26 is connected to the rear portion of the lower clamp tooth plate 25. The lower clamp tooth plate 25 and the lower clamp tooth plate frame 26 can clamp and release the operated casing 1 as the piston rod of the lower clamp clamping hydraulic cylinder 24 is extended and retracted.

[0047] See also Figure 3 Two sets of studs 22 and rollers 23 are arranged in the lower pliers assembly 2 to play a guiding role. The studs 22 are fixed on the upper surface of the lower pliers base 21, and the rollers 23 are sleeved on the studs 22. The rollers 23 can rotate around the studs 22. The surface of the rollers 23 is connected to the groove on the lower end surface of the upper pliers notch gear 71 used as the main pliers. When the upper pliers notch gear 71 rotates, the rollers 23 play a guiding and limiting role.

[0048] The lower clamp base 21 is installed in the lower box body 8, the upper clamp notch gear 71 is installed on the lower clamp base 21, and two sets of adjustable clamping assemblies 5 are installed on both sides of the upper clamp notch gear 71. The upper clamp notch gear 71 is driven by the upper clamp assembly 7 driven by the upper clamp driving hydraulic motor 75; under the control of the shift mechanism 6 and the anti-loosening pressure plate assembly 3, the operated casing 1, driven by the adjustable clamping assembly 5, can rotate in low gear or high gear and move forward or reverse along with the upper clamp notch gear 71.

[0049] See also Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 4The upper clamp assembly 7 is also provided with an upper clamp driving hydraulic motor flange 76, a driving shaft 77, a driving gear 79, a low gear 78, a high gear 710, a double gear 74, a double gear shaft 711, an idler wheel 72 and an idler wheel shaft 73. The upper clamp driving hydraulic motor 75 is mounted on the upper clamp driving hydraulic motor flange 76, and the upper clamp driving hydraulic motor flange 76 is connected to the upper box plate 9 by bolts. The output shaft of the upper clamp driving hydraulic motor 75 is connected to the driving shaft 77, and the driving gear 79 is mounted on the driving shaft 77. The driving gear 79 can rotate with the driving shaft 77. The low gear 78 and the high gear 710 are loosely sleeved on the driving shaft 77, and the low gear 78 and the high gear 710 can rotate freely around the driving shaft 77. The double gear 74 is mounted on the double gear shaft 711, and the upper wheel of the double gear 74 is meshed with the low gear 78, and the lower wheel of the double gear 74 is meshed with the high gear 710. There are two idler wheels 72, which are mounted on the idler wheel shaft 73. One side of the idler wheel 72 meshes with the lower wheel of the double gear 74, and the other side of the idler wheel 72 meshes with the upper jaw notch gear 71. The driving shaft 77, the double gear shaft 711, and the idler wheel shaft 73 are all installed in the lower box 8. The upper jaw notch gear 71 can rotate forward, reverse, and high and low gear with the upper jaw assembly 7 driven by the upper jaw driving hydraulic motor 75.

[0050] See also Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 8 The shift mechanism 6 is composed of a shift hydraulic cylinder 63, a shift fork 62, and a shift gear ring 61. The shift hydraulic cylinder 63 is installed on the upper box plate 9. The shift fork 62 is an L-shaped plate, one end of which is connected to the piston rod of the shift hydraulic cylinder 63 and the other end is connected to the shift gear ring 61. The shift gear ring 61 is coaxially installed with the driving gear 79, the low gear 78, and the high gear 710. The shift gear ring 61 can move up and down with the extension and contraction of the piston rod of the shift hydraulic cylinder 63, realizing the power transmission between the low gear 78 and the driving gear 79 or the power transmission between the high gear 710 and the driving gear 79, thereby realizing the shift function.

[0051] Based on the above-mentioned embodiment 1, the present invention also has the following embodiments: A preferred embodiment: the clamping assembly assembly frame 51 is a Z-shaped frame, the center hole of the screw gear 52 is a threaded hole, and the screw gear 52 is threadedly connected to the screw 53 in the groove on the upper part of the Z-shaped frame.

[0052] A preferred embodiment: the lead screw 53 is installed in the through holes of the frame body on both sides of the upper groove of the Z-shaped frame of the clamping assembly assembly frame 51 through the lead screw sleeve 58 and the bearing therein.

[0053] A preferred embodiment: the bottom of the Z-shaped frame of the clamping assembly assembly frame 51 is fixed to the assembly grooves on both sides of the center hole of the upper clamp notch gear 71 by bolts; and the bearing covers are fixed on both sides of the upper frame of the clamping assembly assembly frame 51.

[0054] A preferred embodiment: the upper jaw tooth plate frame guide rail 55 is a block body and has a dovetail groove at the front and a T-slot at the rear. The dovetail groove at the front of the upper jaw tooth plate frame guide rail 55 can be inserted into the upper jaw tooth plate frame 56, and the T-slot at the rear can be inserted into the lead screw 53; the upper and lower ends of the upper jaw tooth plate frame guide rail 55 are fixed with baffles 54. Under the drive of the lead screw gear 52, the lead screw 53 drives the upper jaw tooth plate frame guide rail 55 to extend and retract forward and backward by a distance greater than 5 1 The present invention is suitable for the outer diameter of 5 1 / 2 to 7in outer diameter casing, two sets of adjustable clamping assemblies 5 driven by the lead screw 53 are simultaneously gathered or retracted toward the casing 1 being operated, and construction is carried out without replacing the tooth plate components, which expands the application scope of hydraulic power tongs without replacing the tooth plate components, greatly improves the convenience of casing installation and removal operations, and can effectively improve construction efficiency.

[0055] A preferred embodiment: a dovetail block is provided at the rear of the upper jaw plate frame 56 and a V-shaped groove is provided at the front, and the dovetail block at the rear of the upper jaw plate frame 56 can be inserted into the dovetail groove at the front of the upper jaw plate frame guide rail 55; the V-shaped groove at the front of the upper jaw plate frame 56 can be loaded with the upper jaw plate 57 which is V-shaped as a whole, and the upper jaw plate frame 56 can slide up and down in the upper jaw plate frame guide rail 55 driven by the rotating operated sleeve 1; the front end of the lead screw 53 is provided with a T-block and can be inserted into the T-slot at the rear of the upper jaw plate frame guide rail 55, and the lead screw 53 and the upper jaw plate frame guide rail 55 are connected by a T-block groove. The clamping assembly assembly frame 51 in the adjustable clamping assembly 5 is installed on the upper jaw notch gear 71, the lead screw gear 52 is provided with a threaded hole that can mesh with the lead screw 53, the lead screw 53 is connected with the lead screw gear 52 and the lead screw sleeve 58, the clamping assembly assembly frame 51 is provided with a through hole, and the lead screw 53 is installed in the through hole of the clamping assembly assembly frame 51 through the lead screw sleeve 58 and the bearing. The upper jaw tooth plate frame guide rail 55 is provided with a T-slot at the rear and a dovetail groove at the front, the upper jaw tooth plate frame 56 is provided with a dovetail block at the rear and a V-slot at the front, the upper jaw tooth plate 57 is V-shaped as a whole, and the front is a clamping tooth that can clamp the sleeve 1 being operated. The rear part of the upper jaw plate frame guide rail 55 is connected to the lead screw 53, the front part is connected to the upper jaw plate frame 56, the upper and lower parts are connected to the baffle plate 54, the front part of the upper jaw plate frame 56 is connected to the upper jaw plate 57, and the upper jaw plate frame 56 and the upper jaw plate 57 can be driven by the rotating operated casing 1 to slide up and down in the upper jaw plate frame guide rail 55. The lead screw gear 52 is driven by the clamping transmission mechanism 4, and the upper jaw plate 57, the upper jaw plate frame 56, and the upper jaw plate frame guide rail 55 can convert the rotational motion into a linear telescopic motion with the clamping transmission mechanism 4 driven by the clamping hydraulic motor 44, so as to realize the clamping and loosening of the operated casing 1.

[0056] A preferred embodiment: the clamping notch gear 41 is provided with the same longitudinal notch as the lower clamp base 21 and the upper clamp notch gear 71 in the lower clamp assembly 2; the upper end face of the wheel disc of the clamping notch gear 41 is low inside and high outside and is provided with a ring groove, and the clamping mechanism end face meshing teeth 40 are provided in the upper end face of the clamping notch gear 41 which is low inside and provided with a notch corresponding to the longitudinal notch; the lower end face of the wheel disc of the clamping notch gear 41 which is high outside and has an anti-loosening gear ring installation groove, and the anti-loosening gear ring installation groove can be loaded with the anti-loosening gear ring 35. The notch corresponding to the longitudinal notch provided in the upper end face of the clamping notch gear 41 can make the lead screw gear 52 in the adjustable clamping assembly 5 mesh with the clamping mechanism end face meshing teeth 40 at the same time, and can ensure that the lead screws 53 in the two sets of adjustable clamping assemblies 5 are synchronously extended and retracted.

[0057] A preferred embodiment: the clamping hydraulic motor 44 is installed on the upper box plate 9 through the clamping hydraulic motor flange 43, the clamping drive gear 42 and the clamping drive gear shaft 45 are installed in the lower box body 8, and the clamping drive gear 42 is meshed with the outer circular teeth of the clamping notch gear 41 in the lower box body 8. The clamping transmission mechanism 4 is composed of a clamping hydraulic motor 44, a clamping hydraulic motor flange 43, a clamping notch gear 41, two clamping drive gears 42 and two clamping drive gear shafts 45, the clamping hydraulic motor 44 is installed on the clamping hydraulic motor flange 43, and the clamping hydraulic motor flange 43 is installed on the upper box plate 9 through bolts. The clamping drive gear shaft 45 is installed in the lower box 8 on both sides of the clamping notch gear 41, and the clamping drive gear shaft 45 is connected to the output shaft of the clamping hydraulic motor 44. The clamping drive gear 42 is installed on the clamping drive gear shaft 45. The clamping drive gear 42 is meshed with the outer circular teeth of the clamping notch gear 41, and the clamping mechanism end surface meshing teeth 40 on the clamping notch gear 41 are meshed with the lead screw gear 52. The lead screw gear 52 and the clamping notch gear 41 can make forward and reverse movements with the clamping drive gear 42 driven by the clamping hydraulic motor 44, so as to complete the clamping and loosening of the operating casing 1 by the adjustable clamping assembly 5.

[0058] A preferred embodiment: the anti-loosening gear ring 35 is a notched gear ring with anti-loosening meshing teeth on the lower end surface, and the anti-loosening meshing teeth on the lower end surface of the anti-loosening gear ring 35 can mesh with the transmission mechanism end surface meshing teeth 70 in the upper clamp notched gear 71.

[0059] A preferred embodiment: the anti-loosening pressure plate assembly 3 is also provided with a slide rail 31, a connecting block 32, an anti-loosening hydraulic cylinder 33 and a positioning pin shaft 34, the positioning pin shaft 34 is evenly distributed and installed in the through hole of the outer high upper end surface of the clamping notch gear 41 wheel disc and can be threadedly connected with the anti-loosening gear ring 35 in the anti-loosening gear ring mounting groove below; the slide rail 31 is provided with a notch corresponding to the clamping notch gear 41 and the lower end surface is provided with a T-slot, and the slide rail 31 is connected to the positioning pin shaft 34 through the T-slot; the upper end of the connecting block 32 is connected to the piston rod of the anti-loosening hydraulic cylinder 33 and the lower end is threadedly connected to the slide rail 31.

[0060] A preferred embodiment: the pin body of the positioning pin shaft 34 is a T-shaped structure and can be connected to the T-shaped slot of the slide rail 31, the positioning pin shaft 34 can slide up and down along the through hole in the clamping notch gear 41, and the slide rail 31 can move up and down on the clamping notch gear 41 as the piston rod of the anti-loosening hydraulic cylinder 33 is extended and retracted, so as to realize the clamping notch gear 41 and the upper clamp notch gear 71 being pressed and released; the anti-loosening hydraulic cylinder 33 is fixed in the upper box plate 9 at the rear side of the adjustable clamping assembly 5. In order to make full use of the available space above the hydraulic power clamp, the anti-loosening hydraulic cylinder 33 is fixed to the rear side of the adjustable clamping assembly 5. The lower part of the slide rail 31 is provided with a T-slot, the upper end of the positioning pin shaft 34 is connected to the T-slot at the lower part of the slide rail 31, the positioning pin shaft 34 can slide in the T-slot, the lower part of the positioning pin shaft 34 is a threaded structure, connected to the threaded hole at the upper part of the anti-loosening gear ring 35, the clamping notch gear 41 is provided with a through hole, the positioning pin shaft 34 is installed in the through hole of the clamping notch gear 41, and the positioning pin shaft 34 can move up and down along the through hole. The anti-loosening gear ring 35 is installed in the anti-loosening gear ring installation groove of the clamping notch gear 41, the anti-loosening meshing teeth on the lower end face of the anti-loosening gear ring 35 can mesh with the end face meshing teeth 70 of the transmission mechanism of the upper clamp notch gear 71, the anti-loosening gear ring 35, the positioning pin shaft 34, and the slide rail 31 can move up and down with the extension and contraction of the piston rod of the anti-loosening hydraulic cylinder 33, so as to realize the clamping notch gear 41 and the upper clamp notch gear 71. The compression and loosening of the clamping notch gear 41 and the upper clamp notch gear 71 are realized.

[0061] A preferred embodiment: the upper box plate 9 and the lower box body 8 are provided with corresponding mounting structures on both side box plates and the box body corresponding to the clamping hydraulic motor 44 and the clamping driving gear 42; and a mounting structure corresponding to the adjustable clamping assembly 5 is also provided on the upper box plate 9.

[0062] Before the operation, the casing buckle-making hydraulic power tongs are hoisted to the wellhead of the operating well. After the installation is completed, the lower tongs assembly 2, the adjustable clamping assembly 5 and the upper tongs assembly 7 complete the buckle-making and buckle-making operations of the operated casing 1 together.

[0063] During operation, the lower clamp assembly 2 clamps the operated casing 1 through the lower clamp clamping hydraulic cylinder 24, and the adjustable clamping assembly 5 drives the upper clamp tooth plate frame guide 55, the upper clamp tooth plate frame 56, and the upper clamp tooth plate 57 to clamp the operated casing 1 through the screw 53. The screw 53 is driven by the clamping driving gear 42 driven by the clamping hydraulic motor 44 to drive the clamping notch gear 41 and the screw gear 52 to rotate and move.

[0064] After the upper clamp assembly 2 and the lower clamp assembly 7 are clamped, the anti-loosening hydraulic cylinder 33 pushes the connecting block 32, the slide rail 31, and the positioning pin shaft 34 to drive the anti-loosening gear ring 35 to press the end surface meshing teeth 70 of the transmission mechanism, completing the connection between the upper clamp notch gear 71 and the clamping notch gear 41, ensuring that the adjustable clamp assembly 5 will not loosen during the rotation of the upper clamp notch gear 71. After the anti-loosening pressure plate assembly 3 is pressed down and locked, the upper clamp driving hydraulic motor 75 in the upper clamp transmission mechanism 7 drives the upper clamp notch gear 71 to achieve low-speed or high-speed rotation, thereby completing the operation of making and breaking the casing 1.

[0065] The embodiments described above are only typical embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments, and those skilled in the art can make modifications without departing from the spirit and enlightenment of the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the creative spirit and creative concept of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope is not limited to the above description.

Claims

1. A hydraulic power tong for breaking out casing at a petroleum wellhead, comprising a lower tong assembly (2) and an upper tong assembly (7), wherein an upper tong notch gear (71) in the upper tong assembly (7) is driven by an upper tong driving hydraulic motor (75), and wherein: The wellhead hydraulic power tongs are also provided with a clamping transmission mechanism (4) and an adjustable clamping assembly (5); the clamping transmission mechanism (4) is provided with a clamping notch gear (41), a clamping drive gear (42) and a clamping hydraulic motor (44); the clamping drive gear (42) is connected to the piston rod of the clamping hydraulic motor (44) through a clamping drive gear shaft (45); the clamping drive gear (42) is meshed with the outer circumferential teeth of the clamping notch gear (41); the adjustable clamping assembly (5) is provided with a clamping assembly assembly frame (51), an upper clamp tooth plate (57), a lead screw gear (52) and a lead screw (53); the clamping assembly assembly frame (51) is installed in the upper clamp notch gear (71); the lead screw (53) and the lead screw gear (52) are threadedly connected in the clamping assembly assembly frame (51); the upper clamp tooth plate (57) provided with a clamping tooth is fixed on the upper clamp tooth In the plate frame (56), the upper jaw tooth plate frame (56) is installed in the upper jaw tooth plate frame guide rail (55), and the front end of the lead screw (53) is connected to the upper jaw tooth plate frame guide rail (55); the lead screw gear (52) meshes with the clamping mechanism end face meshing teeth (40) in the clamping notch gear (41), and the clamping notch gear (41) meshes with the transmission mechanism end face meshing teeth (70) in the upper jaw notch gear (71) through the anti-loosening gear ring (35) in the anti-loosening pressure plate assembly (3); two sets of adjustable clamping assemblies (5) are provided, which are installed on both sides of the upper jaw notch gear (71) and the clamping transmission mechanism (4); the lower jaw assembly (2), the anti-loosening pressure plate assembly (3), the clamping notch gear (41) and the upper jaw notch gear (71) are all installed in the lower box body (8), and the clamping hydraulic motor (44) is fixed on the upper box plate (9).

2. A hydraulic power tong for breaking out casing at a petroleum wellhead as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping assembly assembly frame (51) is a Z-shaped frame, the center hole of the lead screw gear (52) is a threaded hole, and the lead screw gear (52) is threadedly connected to the lead screw (53) in a groove on the upper part of the Z-shaped frame.

3. A hydraulic power tong for breaking out casing at a petroleum wellhead as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The lead screw (53) is installed in the through holes of the frame body on both sides of the upper groove of the Z-shaped frame of the clamping assembly assembly frame (51) through the lead screw sleeve (58) and the bearing therein.

4. A hydraulic power tong for breaking out casing at a petroleum wellhead as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The bottom of the Z-shaped frame of the clamping assembly assembly frame (51) is fixed to the assembly grooves on both sides of the center hole of the upper clamp notch gear (71) by bolts; and bearing caps are fixed on both sides of the upper frame body of the clamping assembly assembly frame (51).

5. The hydraulic power tongs for breaking out casing at oil wellhead as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The upper jaw tooth plate frame guide rail (55) is a block-shaped body and has a dovetail groove at the front and a T-shaped groove at the rear. The upper jaw tooth plate frame (56) can be inserted into the dovetail groove at the front of the upper jaw tooth plate frame guide rail (55), and the lead screw (53) can be inserted into the T-shaped groove at the rear. The upper and lower ends of the upper jaw tooth plate frame guide rail (55) are fixed with baffles (54). Driven by the lead screw gear (52), the lead screw (53) drives the upper jaw tooth plate frame guide rail (55) to extend and retract forward and backward by a distance greater than 5 1 The difference in outer diameter between the / 2 casing and the 7in casing.

6. A hydraulic power tong for breaking out casing at a petroleum wellhead as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The upper jaw tooth plate frame (56) is provided with a dovetail block at the rear and a V-shaped groove at the front. The dovetail block at the rear of the upper jaw tooth plate frame (56) can be inserted into the dovetail groove at the front of the upper jaw tooth plate frame guide rail (55); the V-shaped groove at the front of the upper jaw tooth plate frame (56) can be loaded with an upper jaw tooth plate (57) that is in a V shape as a whole. The upper jaw tooth plate frame (56) can slide up and down in the upper jaw tooth plate frame guide rail (55) driven by the rotating operated sleeve (1); the front end of the lead screw (53) is provided with a T-shaped block and can be inserted into the T-shaped groove at the rear of the upper jaw tooth plate frame guide rail (55).

7. The hydraulic power tongs for breaking out casing at oil wellhead as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping notch gear (41) is provided with a longitudinal notch which is the same as the lower clamp base (21) and the upper clamp notch gear (71) in the lower clamp assembly (2); the wheel disc upper end face of the clamping notch gear (41) is low inside and high outside and is provided with a ring groove, and the clamping mechanism end face meshing teeth (40) are provided in the upper end face of the clamping notch gear (41) which is low inside and has a notch corresponding to the longitudinal notch; the wheel disc lower end face of the clamping notch gear (41) which is high outside and has an anti-loosening gear ring installation groove, and the anti-loosening gear ring (35) can be installed in the anti-loosening gear ring installation groove.

8. A hydraulic power tong for breaking out casing at a petroleum wellhead as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: The clamping hydraulic motor (44) is installed on the upper box plate (9) via the clamping hydraulic motor flange (43), the clamping drive gear (42) and the clamping drive gear shaft (45) are installed in the lower box body (8), and the clamping drive gear (42) is meshed with the outer circular teeth of the clamping notch gear (41) in the lower box body (8).

9. A hydraulic power tong for breaking out casing at a petroleum wellhead as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that: The anti-loosening gear ring (35) is a notched gear ring with anti-loosening meshing teeth on the lower end surface. The anti-loosening meshing teeth on the lower end surface of the anti-loosening gear ring (35) can mesh with the transmission mechanism end surface meshing teeth (70) in the upper clamp notched gear (71).

10. A hydraulic power tong for breaking out casing at a petroleum wellhead as claimed in claim 9, characterized in that: The anti-loosening pressure plate assembly (3) is also provided with a slide rail (31), a connecting block (32), an anti-loosening hydraulic cylinder (33) and a positioning pin shaft (34); the positioning pin shaft (34) is evenly distributed and installed in the through hole of the outer high upper end surface of the clamping notch gear (41) wheel disc and can be threadedly connected with the anti-loosening gear ring (35) in the anti-loosening gear ring installation groove below; the slide rail (31) is provided with a notch corresponding to the clamping notch gear (41) and the lower end surface is provided with a T-slot, and the slide rail (31) is connected to the positioning pin shaft (34) through the T-slot; the upper end of the connecting block (32) is connected to the piston rod of the anti-loosening hydraulic cylinder (33) and the lower end is threadedly connected to the slide rail (31).

11. A hydraulic power tong for breaking out casing at a petroleum wellhead as claimed in claim 10, characterized in that: The pin body of the positioning pin shaft (34) is a T-shaped structure and can be connected to the T-shaped slot of the slide rail (31); the positioning pin shaft (34) can slide up and down along the through hole in the clamping notch gear (41); the slide rail (31) can move up and down on the clamping notch gear (41) as the piston rod of the anti-loosening hydraulic cylinder (33) is extended and retracted; the anti-loosening hydraulic cylinder (33) is fixed in the upper box plate (9) on the rear side of the adjustable clamping assembly (5).

12. A hydraulic power tong for breaking out casing at a petroleum wellhead as claimed in claim 11, characterized in that: The upper box plate (9) and the lower box body (8) are provided with corresponding mounting structures in the box plates and the box bodies on both sides corresponding to the clamping hydraulic motor (44) and the clamping driving gear (42); and a mounting structure corresponding to the adjustable clamping assembly (5) is also provided on the upper box plate (9).

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