Photovoltaic day-by-day control experiment system based on Beidou satellite

Abstract

The invention discloses a photovoltaic day-by-day control experiment system based on a Beidou satellite, relates to the technical field of experiment simulation systems, is applied to solar photovoltaic equipment provided with a single-chip microcomputer, the equipment comprises at least one display lamp, and the system is characterized in that when the solar photovoltaic equipment is powered on, an instruction is sent to the single-chip microcomputer through a voice assistant or an LCD touch screen; or the mobile phone applet sends the instruction to the Aliyun, the Aliyun transmits the instruction to the single-chip microcomputer through the WIFI module, and meanwhile the Beidou positioning module transmits the sun position to the single-chip microcomputer; the single-chip microcomputer receives an instruction and transmits the instruction to the first motor and the second motor, the first motor and the second motor operate, the photovoltaic direction changes, the azimuth angle and the elevation angle of the photovoltaic direction can be displayed on the touch screen in real time and the working mode at the moment, meanwhile, the data can be uploaded to the Ali cloud platform through the WIFI module, and the display lamp is in a yellow adjusting state at the moment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of experimental simulation systems, and in particular to a photovoltaic daily control experimental system based on Beidou satellites. Background Art

[0002] The most commonly used solar tracking methods are photoelectric tracking and apparent solar motion trajectory tracking. Photoelectric tracking is a method in which a photoelectric sensor generates a feedback signal to a processor based on the intensity change of the incident solar light, and then the processor runs a program to adjust the angle of the solar photovoltaic panel to achieve light tracking; however, this method is severely affected by weather and cloud shading, and the light tracking accuracy is not high. The apparent solar motion trajectory tracking method uses the equatorial coordinate system or the horizontal coordinate system to illustrate the position of the sun relative to the earth based on the movement trajectory of the sun and the earth. The apparent solar motion trajectory tracking method includes polar tracking and altitude azimuth tracking. Among them, the polar tracking principle is relatively simple, but because the mass of the solar photovoltaic panel does not pass through the polar axis of the bracket, the design of the polar support structure is relatively difficult. In the altitude azimuth tracking method, the azimuth axis of the solar photovoltaic panel is perpendicular to the ground plane, and the pitch axis is perpendicular to the azimuth axis. The solar photovoltaic panel rotates around the azimuth axis according to the movement law of the sun, changes the azimuth angle, and rotates around the pitch axis to change the tilt angle, so that the solar photovoltaic panel is as perpendicular to the sunlight as possible, and the support structure is simple.

[0003] Most of the existing solar tracking systems are based on GPS. GPS was fully deployed in 1994, with an open service positioning accuracy of 10m and a timing accuracy of 1ms. In 2020, the Beidou satellite navigation system completed satellite navigation covering the entire world, achieving higher timing positioning accuracy and security.

[0004] The solar tracking system in the related art has the problems of slow response and low precision.

[0005] Therefore, the market urgently needs to develop a Beidou satellite-based photovoltaic daily control experimental system to help people solve existing problems. Summary of the invention

[0006] The embodiment of the present invention provides a Beidou satellite-based photovoltaic daily control experimental system, which is used to solve the problems of slow response and low precision in the solar light tracking system in the related art.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a Beidou satellite-based photovoltaic daily control experimental system, applied to a solar photovoltaic device equipped with a single-chip microcomputer, the device including at least one display light, the system including:

[0008] When the solar photovoltaic device is powered on, a command is issued to the single-chip microcomputer through a voice assistant or an LCD touch screen, or a mobile phone applet sends the command to Alibaba Cloud, Alibaba Cloud transmits the command to the single-chip microcomputer through the WIFI module, and the Beidou positioning module transmits the sun's position to the single-chip microcomputer;

[0009] The single-chip microcomputer receives the command and then transmits the command to motor 1 and motor 2. Motor 1 and motor 2 are running, and the photovoltaic azimuth changes. At this time, the azimuth and altitude angle of the photovoltaic will be displayed on the touch screen in real time, and the working mode will be displayed. At the same time, these data will also be uploaded to the Alibaba Cloud platform through the WIFI module. At this time, the display light is in the yellow adjustment state;

[0010] If the photovoltaic cell reaches the correct position, the microcontroller controls motor 1 and motor 2 to stop running, each status is displayed on the touch screen and the data is uploaded to Alibaba Cloud through the WIFI module. At this time, the display light is green and the adjustment is completed.

[0011] Optionally, the solar photovoltaic device of the single-chip computer also includes: MCU control module, Beidou positioning module, Tianwen voice assistant, limit sensor, temperature and humidity module, stepper motor drive module, LCD touch screen module, photovoltaic panel, photovoltaic cell, collection unit, configuration monitoring and display light.

[0012] Optionally, when the single-chip microcomputer receives a cleaning command issued through a mobile phone applet, a touch screen, or voice control, the single-chip microcomputer controls the operation of motor 2 to reset the photovoltaic to the origin, and the display light is in a yellow adjustment state.

[0013] Optionally, when the limit sensor detects that the photovoltaic cell returns to the origin, motor one and motor two stop running, the display light turns to a red stop state, and motor three starts running to perform photovoltaic cleaning.

[0014] Optionally, when the photovoltaic cell is capable of generating electricity, the acquisition unit can monitor various parameters in real time, and send the data to a PC to complete display, storage, and other tasks through configuration software.

[0015] A solar photovoltaic device is provided, comprising: a display light for displaying the adjustment status of the device; a third motor for driving a cleaning brush for photovoltaic cleaning; a second motor for adjusting the azimuth angle of the photovoltaic panel; a language assistant for issuing instructions to a single-chip microcomputer; a limit sensor for detecting whether the photovoltaic panel has returned to the origin; a first motor for adjusting the altitude angle of the photovoltaic panel; a touch screen module for issuing instructions to the single-chip microcomputer; and a Beidou positioning module for transmitting the sun's position to the single-chip microcomputer.

[0016] Optional WIFI module is used to transmit Alibaba Cloud instructions to the MCU; configuration monitoring is used to monitor various parameters of the device in various states; the photovoltaic panel is equipped with a gyroscope for feedback of the actual position.

[0017] Altitude angle azimuth sun positioning algorithm:

[0018] The altitude angle azimuth tracking method uses the horizontal coordinate system to calculate the declination angle and hour angle in the solar equatorial coordinate system, and then uses the transformation relationship of the spherical triangle to obtain the altitude angle and azimuth of the sun in the horizontal coordinate system. N and S are the north and south poles on the celestial sphere, P is the intersection of the plumb line from the solar photovoltaic panel to the center of the earth to the celestial sphere, and its geographical latitude is φ; S' is the position of the sun, and its declination is δ; the angle between the plumb line OP and OS' is called the zenith angle, expressed by τ; ω is the solar hour angle; the units of the three are (°).

[0019] The zenith angle τ and the solar altitude angle H are complementary. H is the angle between the sight vector from the solar photovoltaic panel K to the sun S' and the local horizontal line, and the value range is -90° to 90°; the so-called azimuth is based on the due north direction of the target (the same as the north direction of the central meridian in the same geographical division / zone) as the starting direction, that is, 0 degrees. Its value range is 0-360 degrees, and the calculation rotation method is: with the target as the axis, the north direction of the target as the starting point, rotate in a clockwise direction for one circle, and the azimuth gradually increases to 360°. Therefore, the solar azimuth is generally measured in a clockwise direction with the north direction of the target as the starting direction and the incident direction of the sunlight as the ending direction. Normally, for the Chinese region, sunlight comes from the east in the morning, from the south at noon, and from the west in the evening. The solar azimuth in the morning is about 90° (but there is a certain range of changes in the angle throughout the year), the solar azimuth at noon is 180° (due south), and the solar azimuth in the evening is about 270° (but there is a certain range of changes in the angle throughout the year).

[0020] In the celestial triangle NPS', the three sides are NP, NS', and PS', which are represented by 90°-φ, 90°-δ, and τ respectively. According to the cosine formula of the side of the spherical triangle, cosτ=cos(90°-φ)cos(90°-δ)+sin(90°-φ)sin(90°-δ)cosω, which is transformed to: sin H=sinφsinδ+cosφcosδcosω, where φ is obtained by the Beidou timing and positioning system. According to the description of solar declination in the literature, δ=0.372 3+23.256 7sinθ+0.1149sin 2θ+0.1712sin 3θ+0.758cosθ+0.365 6cos 2θ+0.020 1cos 3θ In the formula, θ=2π(N-N0) / 365.242 2, where N is the cumulative day, that is, the serial number of the date in the year; N0=79.676 4+0.242 2(Y-1985)-INT((Y-1985) / 4)Y is the year, which is obtained by Beidou satellite navigation system timing. Since the solar hour angle is ω=(T-12)·15, T is the true solar time, in hours. And it is timed from Beidou.

[0021] The time obtained by the positioning system is the world time, and the local time of the observation point is China Eastern Time 8. Eastern Time 8 is obtained by adding the world time to the time difference (UTC+8).

[0022] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. Accurate tracking of the sun angle is achieved: using the longitude and latitude and time information obtained by the Beidou chip, and the gyroscope to achieve angle closed-loop control, we control the stepper motor to achieve the steering of the photovoltaic panel, and the accuracy is much higher than that of traditional photosensors to find the sun.

[0023] ② Automatic cleaning function: Every time the sun rises (the calculated solar altitude angle starts to change from 0 degrees), the main control will control the cleaning motor to automatically clean the photovoltaic panels, maximize the luminous efficiency of the photovoltaic panels, and save human resources.

[0024] ③ Automatic return to origin function: Every time the sun sets (the calculated solar altitude angle is lower than 0 degrees), the main control will control the azimuth angle motor and altitude angle motor to return to the origin without manual intervention, saving human resources.

[0025] ④Remote control function: Considering that WeChat applet is simpler and more universal than ordinary software, you can check the current photovoltaic working status, real-time angle, current mode, etc. at any time by opening WeChat. The important thing is that remote control can be achieved, and you can use your mobile phone to complete operations such as switching modes, cleaning, stopping, and returning to the origin.

[0026] ⑤Voice control function: voice control can be realized at medium distance, which is more convenient.

[0027] ⑥Touch screen control: Touch screen control is realized at close range with various control methods.

[0028] ⑦ Power control configuration environment: We used the system to implement page design, so that we can store the voltage, current and power of photovoltaic and battery through the computer human-computer interaction interface, and can form reports based on historical power to achieve maximum output power tracking. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 A step diagram of a Beidou satellite-based photovoltaic daily control experimental system in an embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure between the units of the experimental system in the embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of an altitude angle sun positioning algorithm in an embodiment of the present application;

[0032] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the azimuth solar positioning algorithm in the embodiment of the present application.

[0033] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of each circuit module in the embodiment of the present application.

[0034] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the circuit of the onboard gyroscope in the embodiment of the present application.

[0035] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of a power supply circuit in an embodiment of the present application.

[0036] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the WeChat applet interface in the embodiment of the present application.

[0037] Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of the Alibaba Cloud object model backend interface in the embodiment of this application.

[0038] Fig.10 This is a schematic diagram of the information display interface in an embodiment of the present application.

[0039] Fig.11 This is a schematic diagram of the historical output power report viewing interface in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the present application clearer, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiment of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiment is only a part of the embodiment of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present application. In the absence of conflict, the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments can be arbitrarily combined with each other. In addition, although the logical order is shown in the flow chart, in some cases, the steps shown or described can be performed in an order different from that here.

[0041] The terms "first" and "second" in the specification and claims of this application and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish different objects, rather than to describe a specific order. In addition, the term "comprising" and any variation thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive protection. For example, a process, method, system, product or device comprising a series of steps or units is not limited to the listed steps or units, but optionally includes steps or units that are not listed, or optionally includes other steps or units inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0042] In the embodiment of the present application, "at least one" may mean one or at least two, for example, it may be one, two, three or more, and the embodiment of the present application is not limited thereto.

[0043] In addition, the term "and / or" in this article is only a description of the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that there can be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. In addition, the character " / " in this article, unless otherwise specified, generally indicates that the associated objects before and after are in an "or" relationship.

[0044] The embodiment of the present application provides a Beidou satellite-based photovoltaic daily control experimental system, which is applied to a solar photovoltaic device equipped with a single-chip microcomputer. The device includes at least one display light, and the system includes: when the solar photovoltaic device is powered on, a command is issued to the single-chip microcomputer through a voice assistant or an LCD touch screen, or a mobile phone applet sends the command to Alibaba Cloud, Alibaba Cloud transmits the command to the single-chip microcomputer through a WIFI module, and the Beidou positioning module transmits the sun's position to the single-chip microcomputer; the single-chip microcomputer receives the command, and then conveys the command to motor one and motor two, motor one and motor two are operated, and the photovoltaic azimuth changes. At this time, the photovoltaic azimuth and altitude angles will be displayed on the touch screen in real time, and the working mode will be displayed. At the same time, these data will also be uploaded to the Alibaba Cloud platform through the WIFI module, and the display light is in a yellow adjustment state; if the photovoltaic cell reaches the correct position, the single-chip microcomputer controls motor one and motor two to stop running, and each state is displayed on the touch screen and the data is uploaded to Alibaba Cloud through the WIFI module, and the display light is in a green adjustment completion state.

[0045] In order to better understand the above technical scheme, the technical scheme of the present application is described in detail below through the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments of the specification. It should be understood that the embodiments of the present application and the specific features in the embodiments are detailed descriptions of the technical scheme of the present application, rather than limitations on the technical scheme of the present application. In the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present application and the technical features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0046] As an embodiment of the present invention:

[0047] The solar photovoltaic equipment of the single-chip computer also includes: MCU control module, Beidou positioning module, Tianwen voice assistant, limit sensor, temperature and humidity module, stepper motor drive module, LCD touch screen module, photovoltaic panel, photovoltaic cell, collection unit, configuration monitoring and display light.

[0048] When the MCU receives a cleaning command issued through a mobile app, touch screen or voice control, the MCU controls the operation of motor 2 to reset the photovoltaic to the origin, and the display light is in yellow adjustment state.

[0049] When the limit sensor detects that the photovoltaic cell returns to the origin, motors 1 and 2 stop running, the indicator lights turn red and the motor 3 starts running to clean the photovoltaic cell.

[0050] When the photovoltaic cells are ready to generate electricity, the acquisition unit can monitor various parameters in real time and send the data to the PC to complete display and storage through the configuration software.

[0051] The solar photovoltaic equipment includes: a display light for displaying the adjustment status of the equipment; a motor three for driving a cleaning brush for photovoltaic cleaning; a motor two for adjusting the azimuth angle of the photovoltaic panel; a language assistant for issuing instructions to the single-chip microcomputer; a limit sensor for detecting whether the photovoltaic panel has returned to the origin; a motor one for adjusting the altitude angle of the photovoltaic panel; a touch screen module for issuing instructions to the single-chip microcomputer; and a Beidou positioning module for transmitting the position of the sun to the single-chip microcomputer.

[0052] The WIFI module is used to transmit Alibaba Cloud's instructions to the microcontroller; the configuration monitoring is used to monitor the various parameters of the device in various states; the photovoltaic panel is equipped with a gyroscope for feedback of the actual position.

[0053] The principle of the above technical solution is to use STM32H750VBT6 as the main control chip, with its powerful processing power and rich peripheral interfaces, to coordinate the cooperation of various modules to maximize the capture of sunlight. The system obtains the current position and time information in real time through the Beidou positioning module, and combines it with advanced solar positioning algorithms to dynamically adjust the direction of the solar panel to ensure that it always faces the sun, thereby maximizing the absorption of solar energy.

[0054] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present application fall within the scope of the claims of the present application and their equivalents, the present application is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A Beidou satellite-based photovoltaic daily control experimental system, applied to a solar photovoltaic device equipped with a single-chip microcomputer, the device includes at least one display light, characterized in that: The system comprises: When the solar photovoltaic device is powered on, a command is issued to the single-chip microcomputer through a voice assistant or an LCD touch screen, or a mobile phone applet sends the command to Alibaba Cloud, Alibaba Cloud transmits the command to the single-chip microcomputer through the WIFI module, and the Beidou positioning module transmits the sun's position to the single-chip microcomputer; The single-chip microcomputer receives the command and then transmits the command to motor 1 and motor 2. Motor 1 and motor 2 are running, and the photovoltaic azimuth changes. At this time, the azimuth and altitude angle of the photovoltaic will be displayed on the touch screen in real time, and the working mode will be displayed. At the same time, these data will also be uploaded to the Alibaba Cloud platform through the WIFI module. At this time, the display light is in the yellow adjustment state; If the photovoltaic cell reaches the correct position, the microcontroller controls motor 1 and motor 2 to stop running, each status is displayed on the touch screen and the data is uploaded to Alibaba Cloud through the WIFI module. At this time, the display light is green and the adjustment is completed.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The solar photovoltaic device of the single-chip computer also includes: MCU control module, Beidou positioning module, Tianwen voice assistant, limit sensor, temperature and humidity module, stepper motor drive module, LCD touch screen module, photovoltaic panel, photovoltaic cell, collection unit, configuration monitoring and display light.

3. The photovoltaic daily control experimental system based on Beidou satellite as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: When the single chip microcomputer receives a cleaning command issued through a mobile phone applet, a touch screen or voice control, the single chip microcomputer controls the second motor to run, resets the photovoltaic to the origin, and the display light is in a yellow adjustment state.

4. A Beidou satellite-based photovoltaic daily control experimental system as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: When the limit sensor detects that the photovoltaic cell returns to the origin, the motor 1 and the motor 2 stop running, the display light turns to a red stop state, and the motor 3 starts running to perform photovoltaic cleaning.

5. The Beidou satellite-based photovoltaic daily control experimental system as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: When the photovoltaic cell is ready to generate electricity, the acquisition unit can monitor various parameters in real time and send the data to the PC to complete display, storage and other tasks through the configuration software.

6. A solar photovoltaic device, characterized in that: The solar photovoltaic device comprises: Display light, used to show the equipment adjustment status; Motor three, used to drive the cleaning brush to clean the photovoltaic cells; Motor 2, used to adjust the azimuth angle of the photovoltaic panel; Language assistant, used to issue instructions to the microcontroller; Limit sensor, used to detect whether the photovoltaic panel has returned to the origin; Motor 1, used to adjust the height angle of the photovoltaic panel; Touch screen module, used to issue instructions to the single chip microcomputer; Beidou positioning module is used to transmit the sun's position to the microcontroller.

7. The solar photovoltaic device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The solar photovoltaic device also includes: a WIFI module for transmitting instructions from Alibaba Cloud to the single-chip computer; Configuration monitoring, used to monitor various parameters of the equipment in various states; The photovoltaic panel is equipped with a gyroscope for feedback of the actual position.

Images