Cultivation method of ornamental small ginger

Abstract

The invention provides a cultivation method of ornamental small ginger, and relates to the field of plant cultivation, and the method comprises the following steps: tissue culture seedling cultivation: adopting a culture medium comprising a basic culture medium, a plant growth regulator, an organic additive, an antioxidant and trace elements for cultivation to obtain tissue culture seedlings. Performing potting cultivation: transferring the tissue culture seedlings into a potting container on which a mixed substrate is uniformly laid, and performing cultivation, wherein the mixed substrate comprises charcoal particles, modified zeolite particles, a mycorrhizal fungus inoculant, gelatin slow-release particles, fermented soybean meal and graphene modified cellulose; in the cultivation process, irrigation, fertilization and environment regulation and control are carried out regularly. According to the method, high-quality tissue culture seedlings are obtained by using a culture medium with specific components, and growth balance of ginger plants is adjusted and overgrowth of the plants is inhibited by adjusting a planting matrix and regulating and controlling a specific culture method, so that small potted ginger plants for ornamental use are obtained.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of plant cultivation, and in particular to a method for cultivating small-sized ornamental ginger. Background Art

[0002] Ginger is a perennial herb of the genus Zingiberaceae, with a plant height of usually 0.5m to 1m, a thick, flat rhizome, and an aromatic and spicy taste. Ginger contains nutrients such as protein, multiple vitamins, and minerals. It also contains biologically active ingredients such as gingerol and shogaol, which can be used as a seasoning in the cooking process and also have certain medicinal value (such as its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects can be used for the prevention or treatment of corresponding diseases).

[0003] At present, traditional ginger is cultivated on a large scale in farmland to obtain its rhizomes for corresponding medicinal and edible production, while ginger plants (mainly stems and leaves) have not been fully utilized; ginger plants have a unique aroma (its aroma is mainly spicy, with some woody fragrance and a refreshing feeling similar to herbs such as mint), which can eliminate horticultural pests (such as aphids, red spiders, etc.), improve air quality, soothe emotions and reduce stress, stimulate human appetite, etc. At the same time, ginger plants are easy to maintain and grow quickly, and can be cultivated in pots on a large scale, thereby improving the greening level of office or living areas, improving indoor air quality, regulating human emotions in daily life, reducing stress at work or in life, and improving the quality of life. If ginger is used as an ornamental potted plant, it not only maintains the efficacy and function of the traditional ginger rhizomes, but also can effectively utilize the stem-leaf part of the plant, while further improving the utilization rate of ginger, but also enriching the types of ornamental potted plants. However, ginger plants are relatively tall (usually 0.5m to 1m) and their growth form is not compact enough, which means that when used as indoor ornamental potted plants, they occupy a large three-dimensional space. This is not convenient for placing ornamental potted plants, which greatly limits the placement of ornamental ginger potted plants. In addition, ginger plants occupy too much working or living area, which can easily lead to space waste or improper use. In view of this, there is a lack of ginger varieties specifically for ornamental use on the market. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the problems existing in the above prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a method for cultivating small ornamental ginger. The method obtains high-quality tissue culture seedlings through a culture medium with specific components, and adjusts the growth balance of ginger plants, inhibits excessive growth of plants, ensures the compactness, uniformity and stability of the plants, and obtains miniaturized potted ginger plants for ornamental purposes through the adjustment of the planting matrix and the regulation of the specific cultivation method.

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: A method for cultivating small ornamental ginger, comprising: Tissue culture seedling cultivation: select buds or stem tip tissues of excellent ginger varieties, and use a culture medium including a basic culture medium, plant growth regulators, organic additives, antioxidants and trace elements to cultivate the ginger tissues to obtain tissue culture seedlings; Potted cultivation: The tissue culture seedlings are removed from the culture medium, the culture medium on the surface of the rhizomes is cleaned off, and the seedlings are transferred to a potted container evenly spread with a mixed matrix for cultivation. The mixed matrix includes biochar particles, modified zeolite particles, mycorrhizal fungal inoculants, gelatin slow-release particles, fermented soybean meal and graphene-modified cellulose. During the cultivation process, irrigation, fertilization and environmental control are carried out regularly to finally obtain miniaturized ornamental ginger.

[0006] Based on the further optimization of the above scheme, the specific method of cultivating the tissue culture seedlings is: inoculating the selected ginger buds or stem tip tissues onto the culture medium, and placing them in an environment with a temperature of 24±2°C and a humidity of 50% to 70%, with a light exposure of 12 hours per day and a light intensity of 500 to 700 µmol·m -2 ·s -1 ; The early differentiation stage is cultured for 4 to 6 weeks, and the late root induction stage is cultured for 4 weeks.

[0007] Based on the further optimization of the above scheme, the basic culture medium includes MS medium (Murashige & Skoog), sucrose and agar, and the plant growth regulators include 6-benzyladenine (6-BA), auxin, gibberellin A 3 and kinetin KT , organic additives include coconut water and yeast extract, antioxidants are activated carbon, trace elements are CaCl 2 and MgSO 4. In the whole culture medium, the concentrations of MS medium, sucrose, and agar are 3.8-4.2 g / L, 28-32 g / L, and 5.8-6.2 g / L, respectively; 6-benzyladenine, auxin, and gibberellin A 3. Kinetin KT The concentrations of are: 1.9-2.1mg / L, 0.09-0.11mg / L, 0.28-0.32mg / L, 0.09-0.11mg / L; the concentrations of coconut water and yeast extract are 48-52ml / L and 0.48-0.52g / L respectively; the concentration of activated carbon is 1.8-2.2g / L; CaCl 2. MgSO The concentrations of 4 were 0.45-0.55 mM and 0.45-0.55 mM respectively.

[0008] Based on further optimization of the above scheme, the auxin is either indoleacetic acid (IAA) or naphthylacetic acid (NAA).

[0009] The present invention can promote multiple bud differentiation through the synergistic effect of 6-benzyladenine and kinetin KT, and cooperate with auxin to enhance the development of the root system and gibberellin. A 3. Regulate the growth balance of the plant, achieve rapid proliferation and differentiation of the tuber, ensure the height of the tissue culture seedlings is controllable, inhibit steep growth, and improve the quality of rhizome development; through the combination of coconut water and yeast paste, on the premise of promoting cell division and metabolic activity and improving the rapid development of the root system and rhizome, ensure the differentiation balance of the tissue culture seedlings, improve the stem and leaf morphology, thereby enhancing the stress resistance of miniaturized ginger; the antioxidant formed by activated carbon can not only effectively reduce the oxidation of the culture medium and ensure the stability of the root growth environment, but also absorb metabolites and harmful substances, and prolong the effective time of the culture medium; using CaCl 2 and MgSO The trace elements composed of 4 can enhance the plant's resilience and disease resistance, help the root and leaf quality of tissue culture seedlings, and ensure their compact growth shape.

[0010] Based on further optimization of the above scheme, in the mixed matrix, the mass ratio of biochar particles, modified zeolite particles, mycorrhizal fungus inoculant, gelatin slow-release particles, fermented soybean meal and graphene-modified cellulose is 4.5-5.5:6.5-7.5:1.8-2.2:1.5-2.5:1.8-2.2:1.5-2.5.

[0011] Based on further optimization of the above scheme, the method for preparing the modified zeolite particles is as follows: natural zeolite particles are calcined at a high temperature of 480 to 520° C. for 1.8 to 2.2 hours to achieve physical activation and obtain modified zeolite particles.

[0012] Based on further optimization of the above scheme, the preparation method of the mycorrhizal fungal inoculant is as follows: using the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Glomus intraradices as the main mycorrhizal fungus, inoculating the fungal spores of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Glomus intraradices and the symbiotic plants of the alfalfa root segments in a sterilized sandy soil matrix, and culturing for 6 weeks in an environment with a temperature of 25°C and a humidity of 60% to 70%; during the culturing process, regularly detecting the fungal spore density; after the culturing, filtering and separating the sandy soil containing the fungal spores to obtain a high-concentration spore suspension, and then drying to prepare a powdered mycorrhizal fungal inoculant.

[0013] Based on further optimization of the above scheme, the preparation method of the gelatin sustained-release particles is as follows: the raw materials are gelatin, urea, potassium sulfate, monoammonium phosphate, and sodium alginate, and the mass ratio between them is: 5.5-6.5: 3.8-4.2: 4.8-5.2: 2.5-3.5: 1.5-2.5; first, gelatin is dissolved in deionized water at 60°C, and urea, potassium sulfate, monoammonium phosphate and sodium alginate are added in sequence, stirred to make them evenly mixed, and then, the mixed solution is quickly cooled by liquid nitrogen to form particles, the frozen particles are treated with a cross-linking agent, and finally freeze-dried to obtain gelatin sustained-release particles.

[0014] Based on further optimization of the above scheme, pentanediol is used as the cross-linking agent; the freeze-drying step is specifically as follows: freeze-drying for 8 to 10 hours at a temperature of -35°C to -25°C in a vacuum freeze dryer.

[0015] Based on further optimization of the above scheme, the fermented soybean meal preparation method is as follows: first, the soybean meal is crushed and its moisture is adjusted to 50% to 60%; then, a microbial combination consisting of three microorganisms, namely Bacillus subtilis, Lactobacillus plantarum and Aspergillus oryzae, is inoculated in a ratio of 1:1:2, and fermented at a temperature of 28 to 32°C for 7 days, during which the pile is turned regularly and the ammonia nitrogen and pH value of the pile are measured every two days to ensure uniform fermentation.

[0016] The present invention forms a potted mixed matrix filler through biochar particles, modified zeolite particles, mycorrhizal fungal inoculants, gelatin slow-release particles, fermented soybean meal and graphene-modified cellulose, etc., to construct a symbiotic system of "plant-mycorrhiza-matrix", which not only enhances the physical stability, adsorption capacity, ion buffering capacity and antioxidant capacity of the matrix, effectively regulates the supply of water and fertilizer, but also improves the nutrient utilization rate of the matrix by the plant, avoids the plant's absorption of harmful substances, improves the pH value of the matrix (i.e., a weakly acidic environment suitable for ginger growth), ensures a stable nutrient supply to the matrix, stimulates the development of the ginger root system and the accumulation of secondary metabolites (such as aroma components), thereby ensuring the cultivation of miniaturized and ornamental ginger plants.

[0017] Based on further optimization of the above scheme, the irrigation is specifically: irrigating with deionized water 2 to 3 times a week.

[0018] Based on the further optimization of the above scheme, the fertilization is specifically as follows: the basic fertilizer (i.e., base fertilizer) adopts a low-nitrogen, high-phosphorus, and high-potassium compound fertilizer, and the ratio of NPK in the compound fertilizer is 5:15:20; foliar fertilizer is sprayed once every two weeks, and the foliar fertilizer adopts a water-soluble fertilizer solution with a concentration of 0.1% to 0.2%, and the ratio of NPK in the foliar fertilizer in the first four weeks of growth stage is 10:15:15, and the ratio of NPK in the foliar fertilizer in the middle and late stages (5 to 12 weeks) is 5:10:20; in addition, the application of foliar fertilizer is stopped in the last week of each month, and the mixed matrix is ​​rinsed with deionized water to avoid osmotic stress caused by accumulation of fertilizer salts; at the same time, brassinolide is sprayed regularly with a concentration of 0.1 mol / L.

[0019] Based on the further optimization of the above scheme, the environmental control is specifically as follows: during the cultivation process, the daytime temperature is controlled at 26±2°C, the nighttime temperature is controlled at 20±2°C, and at the same time, the relative humidity (RH) is controlled at 60%-70%; during the cultivation period, the plants are irradiated with a fill light, and the fill light is a combination of 620-660nm red light and 450-470nm blue light, and the ratio between red light and blue light is 3:2, and the daily illumination time is 10h.

[0020] Based on the further optimization of the above scheme, during the environmental regulation period, the light intensity in the seedling stage (i.e., the initial stage of cultivation) was 100-150 µmol·m -2 ·s -1 The light intensity during the differentiation stage was 150-200 µmol·m -2 ·s -1 The light intensity in the later development stage is 200-300 µmol·m -2 ·s -1 .

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following technical effects: The present invention uses a medium composed of a basic culture medium, a plant growth regulator, an organic additive, an antioxidant and trace elements to effectively regulate the growth balance of tissue culture seedlings, promote the differentiation balance of tissue culture seedlings, improve the stem and leaf morphology (i.e., promote leaf growth and inhibit rapid stem growth), and strengthen the stress resistance of miniaturized ginger, thereby obtaining ginger tissue culture seedlings with low plant height and compact growth morphology. Afterwards, by supplementing with a mixed matrix composed of biochar particles, modified zeolite particles, mycorrhizal fungal inoculants, gelatin slow-release particles, fermented soybean meal and graphene-modified cellulose, and by means of regular irrigation, fertilization and environmental regulation, under the premise of ensuring a stable nutrient supply for the tissue culture seedlings, the further development of the ginger root system and the accumulation of secondary metabolites are stimulated, and the stem growth of the tissue culture seedlings is further inhibited, thereby obtaining miniaturized potted ginger for ornamental use.

[0022] The ornamental ginger obtained by this method has a height of less than 50 cm, and the potted plant occupies less three-dimensional space (it can be controlled in areas such as office desks and coffee tables), has excellent uniformity and trait stability, and has dark green leaves, strong rhizomes, and a strong aroma. It is suitable for ornamental potted plants in various regions and has a wide range of applications. In addition, the miniaturized ginger obtained by this method can not only be used as an ornamental plant, but also has the medicinal and edible functions of traditional ginger, and is highly practical. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of small ornamental ginger cultivated by the method of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0025] Embodiment 1: A method for cultivating small ornamental ginger, comprising: Tissue culture seedling cultivation: Select buds or stem tip tissues of excellent ginger varieties, and use a culture medium including basal culture medium, plant growth regulators, organic additives, antioxidants and trace elements to cultivate ginger tissues to obtain tissue culture seedlings; the basal culture medium includes MS culture medium (Murashige & Skoog), sucrose and agar, and the plant growth regulators include 6-benzyladenine (6-BA), indoleacetic acid (IAA), gibberellin A 3 and kinetin KT , organic additives include coconut water and yeast extract, antioxidants are activated carbon, trace elements are CaCl 2 and MgSO 4. In the whole culture medium, the concentrations of MS medium, sucrose, and agar are 3.8 g / L, 28 g / L, and 5.8 g / L, respectively; 6-benzyladenine, indoleacetic acid (IAA), and gibberellin A 3. Kinetin KT The concentrations of are: 1.9mg / L, 0.09mg / L, 0.28mg / L, 0.09mg / L; the concentrations of coconut water and yeast extract are 48ml / L and 0.48g / L respectively; the concentration of activated carbon is 1.8g / L; CaCl 2. MgSO The concentrations of 4 were 0.45 mM and 0.45 mM; The specific method of tissue culture seedling cultivation is as follows: the selected ginger buds or stem tip tissues are inoculated onto the culture medium and placed in an environment with a temperature of 24±2℃ and a humidity of 50%, with a light exposure of 12h per day (i.e., a 12h light cycle and a 12h dark cycle per day, using natural light for illumination), and a light intensity of 500µmol·m -2 ·s -1 ; The early differentiation stage is cultured for 4 to 6 weeks, and the late root induction stage is cultured for 4 weeks.

[0026] Potted cultivation: the obtained tissue culture seedlings are removed from the culture medium, the culture medium on the surface of the rhizomes is cleaned off, and the seedlings are transferred to a potted container evenly spread with a mixed matrix for cultivation. The mixed matrix includes biochar particles, modified zeolite particles, mycorrhizal fungal inoculants, gelatin slow-release particles, fermented soybean meal and graphene-modified cellulose (both the biochar particles and the graphene-modified cellulose can be existing products), wherein the mass ratio of the biochar particles, modified zeolite particles, mycorrhizal fungal inoculants, gelatin slow-release particles, fermented soybean meal and graphene-modified fibers is 4.5:6.5:1.8:2.5:2.2:2.5 (in this embodiment, the mass fractions of the biochar particles, modified zeolite particles, mycorrhizal fungal inoculants, gelatin slow-release particles, fermented soybean meal and graphene-modified cellulose are 22.5%, 32.5%, 9%, 12.5%, 11% and 12.5%, respectively). The preparation method of modified zeolite particles is as follows: natural zeolite particles are calcined at a high temperature of 480°C for 2.2 hours to achieve physical activation and obtain modified zeolite particles. The preparation method of mycorrhizal fungus inoculant is as follows: Glomus intraradices (for example, the strain with the preservation number of CGMCC No. 10607) is used as the main mycorrhizal fungus, and the fungal spores of Glomus intraradices and the symbiotic plants of alfalfa root segments are inoculated in a sterilized sandy soil matrix (the sandy soil matrix is ​​a sand and soil configured in a mass ratio of 1:1), and cultured for 6 weeks in an environment of temperature 25°C and humidity 60%; during the culture process, the fungal spore density is regularly tested; after the culture is completed, the sandy soil containing the fungal spores is filtered and separated to obtain a high-concentration spore suspension, which is then dried to form a powdered mycorrhizal fungus inoculant (conventional drying methods can be used). The preparation method of gelatin sustained-release particles is as follows: the raw materials are gelatin, urea, potassium sulfate, monoammonium phosphate, and sodium alginate, and the mass ratio thereof is 6:3.8:5.2:2.5:2.5 (in this embodiment, the mass fractions of gelatin, urea, potassium sulfate, monoammonium phosphate, and sodium alginate are 30%, 19%, 26%, 12.5%, and 12.5%, respectively); first, gelatin is dissolved in deionized water at 60°C, and urea, potassium sulfate, monoammonium phosphate, and sodium alginate are added in sequence, and stirred to make them uniformly mixed (the stirring method is conventional stirring, and it is only necessary to achieve uniform mixing between the materials), then, the mixed solution is quickly cooled by liquid nitrogen (commonly used liquid nitrogen in the art can be used) to form particles, the frozen particles are treated with a cross-linking agent of pentanediol, and finally freeze-dried, and the freeze-drying step is specifically as follows: freeze-drying for 10 hours at a temperature of -35°C in a vacuum freeze dryer (the vacuum degree is maintained between 10 and 50 Pa) to obtain gelatin sustained-release particles.The method for preparing fermented soybean meal is as follows: first, the soybean meal is crushed and its moisture is adjusted to 50%; then, a microbial combination consisting of three microorganisms, namely Bacillus subtilis (for example, a strain with a preservation number of CGMCC 1.15792), Lactobacillus plantarum (for example, a strain with a preservation number of CGMCC 1.16089) and Aspergillus oryzae (for example, a strain with a preservation number of CGMCC 3.13905), is inoculated in a ratio of 1:1:2, and fermented at a temperature of 28°C for 7 days, during which the pile is turned regularly and the ammonia nitrogen and pH value of the pile are measured every two days to ensure uniform fermentation.

[0027] During the cultivation process, irrigation, fertilization and environmental regulation are carried out regularly. Irrigation: Deionized water is used for irrigation 2-3 times a week (the amount of deionized water used each time is determined according to the size of the potting container. For example, in this embodiment, the diameter of the potting container is 25 cm, and the amount of deionized water used each time is 200-300 ml / pot); Fertilization: The basic fertilizer (i.e., base fertilizer) uses a low-nitrogen, high-phosphorus, and high-potassium compound fertilizer, and the ratio of NPK in the compound fertilizer is 5:15:20 (based on a potting container diameter of 25 cm, the amount of basic fertilizer is 100g); foliar fertilizer is sprayed once every two weeks, and the foliar fertilizer uses a 0.1% water-soluble fertilizer solution (the amount of foliar fertilizer sprayed each time is 50-100ml), and the ratio of NPK in the foliar fertilizer in the first four weeks of growth is 10:15:15, and the ratio of NPK in the foliar fertilizer in the middle and late stages (5-12 weeks) is 5:10:20; in addition, stop applying foliar fertilizer in the last week of each month, and use deionized water to rinse the mixed matrix to avoid osmotic stress caused by fertilizer salt accumulation; at the same time, regularly spray 0.1mol / L brassinolide (spray brassinolide once every two weeks); Environmental control is as follows: during the cultivation process, the daytime temperature is controlled at 26±2℃, the nighttime temperature is controlled at 20±2℃, and the relative humidity (RH) is controlled at 60%-70%; during the cultivation period, the plants are illuminated by supplementary light, which is a combination of 620-660nm red light and 450-470nm blue light, and the ratio of red light to blue light is 3:2. The daily illumination time is 10h (i.e., 10h light cycle and 14h dark cycle per day); the light intensity in the seedling stage (i.e., the initial cultivation period, 0-45 days) is 100µmol·m -2 ·s -1 The light intensity during the differentiation stage (45-120 days) was 150 µmol·m -2 ·s -1The light intensity in the later development stage (after 120 days) was 200 µmol·m -2 ·s -1 ; The final result is miniaturized ginger for ornamental purposes.

[0028] Embodiment 2: A method for cultivating small ornamental ginger, comprising: Tissue culture seedling cultivation: Select buds or stem tip tissues of excellent ginger varieties, and use a culture medium including basal culture medium, plant growth regulators, organic additives, antioxidants and trace elements to cultivate ginger tissues to obtain tissue culture seedlings; the basal culture medium includes MS culture medium (Murashige & Skoog), sucrose and agar, and the plant growth regulators include 6-benzyladenine (6-BA), indoleacetic acid (IAA), gibberellin A 3 and kinetin KT , organic additives include coconut water and yeast extract, antioxidants are activated carbon, trace elements are CaCl 2 and MgSO 4. In the whole culture medium, the concentrations of MS medium, sucrose and agar are 4g / L, 30g / L and 6g / L respectively; 6-benzyladenine, indoleacetic acid (IAA) and gibberellin A 3. Kinetin KT The concentrations of are: 2mg / L, 0.1mg / L, 0.3mg / L, 0.1mg / L; the concentrations of coconut water and yeast extract are 50ml / L and 0.5g / L respectively; the concentration of activated carbon is 2g / L; CaCl 2. MgSO The concentrations of 4 were 0.5 mM and 0.5 mM; The specific method of tissue culture seedling cultivation is as follows: the selected ginger buds or stem tip tissues are inoculated onto the culture medium and placed in an environment with a temperature of 24±2℃ and a humidity of 60%, with a light exposure of 12h per day (i.e., a 12h light cycle and a 12h dark cycle per day, using natural light for illumination), and a light intensity of 600µmol·m -2 ·s -1 ; The early differentiation stage is cultured for 4 to 6 weeks, and the late root induction stage is cultured for 4 weeks.

[0029] Potted cultivation: The obtained tissue culture seedlings are taken out from the culture medium, the culture medium on the surface of the rhizomes is washed off, and the seedlings are transferred to a potted container evenly paved with a mixed matrix for cultivation. The mixed matrix includes biochar particles, modified zeolite particles, mycorrhizal fungal inoculants, gelatin slow-release particles, fermented soybean meal and graphene-modified cellulose (both biochar particles and graphene-modified cellulose can be existing products), wherein the mass ratio of biochar particles, modified zeolite particles, mycorrhizal fungal inoculants, gelatin slow-release particles, fermented soybean meal and graphene-modified fibers is 5:7:2:2:2:2 (in this embodiment, the mass fractions of biochar particles, modified zeolite particles, mycorrhizal fungal inoculants, gelatin slow-release particles, fermented soybean meal and graphene-modified cellulose are 25%, 35%, 10%, 10%, 10%, 10%, 10%, respectively). The preparation method of modified zeolite particles is: natural zeolite particles are roasted at a high temperature of 500°C for 2h to achieve physical activation and obtain modified zeolite particles. The preparation method of the mycorrhizal fungus inoculant is as follows: using the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Glomus intraradices (for example, the strain with the preservation number of CGMCC No.10607) as the main mycorrhizal fungus, inoculating the fungal spores of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Glomus intraradices and the symbiotic plants of the alfalfa root segments into a sterilized sandy soil matrix (the sandy soil matrix is ​​composed of sand and soil in a mass ratio of 1:1), and culturing for 6 weeks in an environment of temperature 25°C and humidity 65%; during the culturing process, regularly detecting the fungal spore density; after the culturing, filtering and separating the sandy soil containing the fungal spores to obtain a high-concentration spore suspension, and then drying to prepare a powdered mycorrhizal fungus inoculant (using a conventional drying method). The preparation method of gelatin sustained-release particles is as follows: the raw materials are gelatin, urea, potassium sulfate, monoammonium phosphate, and sodium alginate, and the mass ratio thereof is 6:4:5:3:2 (in this embodiment, the mass fractions of gelatin, urea, potassium sulfate, monoammonium phosphate, and sodium alginate are 30%, 20%, 25%, 15%, and 10%, respectively); first, gelatin is dissolved in deionized water at 60°C, and urea, potassium sulfate, monoammonium phosphate, and sodium alginate are added in sequence, and stirred to make them uniformly mixed (the stirring method is conventional stirring, and it is only necessary to achieve uniform mixing between the materials), then, the mixed solution is quickly cooled by liquid nitrogen (commonly used liquid nitrogen in the art can be used) to form particles, the frozen particles are treated with a cross-linking agent of pentanediol, and finally freeze-dried, and the freeze-drying step is specifically as follows: freeze-drying for 9 hours at a temperature of -30°C in a vacuum freeze dryer (the vacuum degree is maintained between 10 and 50 Pa) to obtain gelatin sustained-release particles.The method for preparing fermented soybean meal is as follows: first, the soybean meal is crushed and its moisture is adjusted to 55%; then, a microbial combination consisting of three microorganisms, namely Bacillus subtilis (for example, a strain with a preservation number of CGMCC 1.15792), Lactobacillus plantarum (for example, a strain with a preservation number of CGMCC 1.16089) and Aspergillus oryzae (for example, a strain with a preservation number of CGMCC 3.13905), is inoculated in a ratio of 1:1:2, and fermented at a temperature of 30°C for 7 days, during which the pile is turned regularly and the ammonia nitrogen and pH value of the pile are measured every two days to ensure uniform fermentation.

[0030] During the cultivation process, irrigation, fertilization and environmental regulation are carried out regularly. Irrigation: Deionized water is used for irrigation 2-3 times a week (the amount of deionized water used each time is determined according to the size of the potting container. For example, in this embodiment, the diameter of the potting container is 25 cm, and the amount of deionized water used each time is 200-300 ml / pot); Fertilization: The basic fertilizer (i.e., base fertilizer) uses a low-nitrogen, high-phosphorus, and high-potassium compound fertilizer, and the ratio of NPK in the compound fertilizer is 5:15:20 (based on the potting container diameter of 25 cm, the amount of basic fertilizer is 100g); foliar fertilizer is sprayed once every two weeks, and the foliar fertilizer uses a 0.15% water-soluble fertilizer solution (the amount of foliar fertilizer sprayed each time is 50-100ml), and the ratio of NPK in the foliar fertilizer in the first four weeks of growth is 10:15:15, and the ratio of NPK in the foliar fertilizer in the middle and late stages (5-12 weeks) is 5:10:20; in addition, stop applying foliar fertilizer in the last week of each month, and use deionized water to rinse the mixed matrix to avoid osmotic stress caused by fertilizer salt accumulation; at the same time, regularly spray 0.1mol / L brassinolide (spray brassinolide once every two weeks); Environmental control is as follows: during the cultivation process, the daytime temperature is controlled at 26±2℃, the nighttime temperature is controlled at 20±2℃, and the relative humidity (RH) is controlled at 65%; during the cultivation period, the plants are illuminated by supplementary light, which is a combination of 620-660nm red light and 450-470nm blue light, and the ratio of red light to blue light is 3:2. The daily illumination time is 10h (i.e., 10h light cycle and 14h dark cycle per day); the light intensity in the seedling stage (i.e., the initial cultivation period, 0-45 days) is 125µmol·m -2 ·s -1 The light intensity during the differentiation stage (46-120 days) was 175 µmol·m -2 ·s -1The light intensity in the later development stage (after 120 days) was 250 µmol·m -2 ·s -1 ; The final result is miniaturized ginger for ornamental purposes.

[0031] Embodiment 3: A method for cultivating small ornamental ginger, comprising: Tissue culture seedling cultivation: Select buds or stem tip tissues of excellent ginger varieties, and use a culture medium including basal culture medium, plant growth regulators, organic additives, antioxidants and trace elements to cultivate ginger tissues to obtain tissue culture seedlings; the basal culture medium includes MS culture medium (Murashige & Skoog), sucrose and agar, and the plant growth regulators include 6-benzyladenine (6-BA), naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), gibberellins A 3 and kinetin KT , organic additives include coconut water and yeast extract, antioxidants are activated carbon, trace elements are CaCl 2 and MgSO 4. In the whole culture medium, the concentrations of MS medium, sucrose, and agar are 4.2 g / L, 32 g / L, and 6.2 g / L, respectively; 6-benzyladenine, naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), and gibberellin A 3. Kinetin KT The concentrations of are: 2.1mg / L, 0.11mg / L, 0.32mg / L, 0.11mg / L; the concentrations of coconut water and yeast extract are 52ml / L and 0.52g / L respectively; the concentration of activated carbon is 2.2g / L; CaCl 2. MgSO The concentrations of 4 were 0.55 mM and 0.55 mM; The specific method of tissue culture seedling cultivation is as follows: the selected ginger buds or stem tip tissues are inoculated onto the culture medium and placed in an environment with a temperature of 24±2℃ and a humidity of 70%, with a light exposure of 12h per day (i.e., a 12h light cycle and a 12h dark cycle per day, using natural light for illumination), and a light intensity of 700µmol·m -2 ·s -1 ; The early differentiation stage is cultured for 4 to 6 weeks, and the late root induction stage is cultured for 4 weeks.

[0032] Potted cultivation: the obtained tissue culture seedlings are removed from the culture medium, the culture medium on the surface of the rhizomes is cleaned off, and the seedlings are transferred to a potted container evenly spread with a mixed matrix for cultivation. The mixed matrix includes biochar particles, modified zeolite particles, mycorrhizal fungal inoculants, gelatin slow-release particles, fermented soybean meal and graphene-modified cellulose (both the biochar particles and the graphene-modified cellulose can be existing products), wherein the mass ratio of the biochar particles, modified zeolite particles, mycorrhizal fungal inoculants, gelatin slow-release particles, fermented soybean meal and graphene-modified fibers is 5.5:7.5:2.2:1.5:1.8:1.5 (in this embodiment, the mass fractions of the biochar particles, modified zeolite particles, mycorrhizal fungal inoculants, gelatin slow-release particles, fermented soybean meal and graphene-modified cellulose are 27.5%, 37.5%, 11%, 7.5%, 9% and 7.5%, respectively). The preparation method of modified zeolite particles is as follows: natural zeolite particles are calcined at a high temperature of 520°C for 1.8 hours to achieve physical activation and obtain modified zeolite particles. The preparation method of mycorrhizal fungus inoculant is as follows: Glomus intraradices (for example, the strain with the preservation number of CGMCC No. 10607) is used as the main mycorrhizal fungus, and the fungal spores of Glomus intraradices and the symbiotic plants of alfalfa root segments are inoculated in a sterilized sandy soil matrix (the sandy soil matrix is ​​a sand and soil configured in a mass ratio of 1:1), and cultured for 6 weeks in an environment of temperature 25°C and humidity 70%; during the culture process, the fungal spore density is regularly tested; after the culture is completed, the sandy soil containing the fungal spores is filtered and separated to obtain a high-concentration spore suspension, which is then dried to form a powdered mycorrhizal fungus inoculant (conventional drying methods can be used). The preparation method of gelatin sustained-release particles is as follows: the raw materials are gelatin, urea, potassium sulfate, monoammonium phosphate, and sodium alginate, and the mass ratio thereof is 6:4.2:4.8:3.5:1.5 (in this embodiment, the mass fractions of gelatin, urea, potassium sulfate, monoammonium phosphate, and sodium alginate are 30%, 21%, 24%, 17.5%, and 7.5%, respectively); first, gelatin is dissolved in deionized water at 60°C, and urea, potassium sulfate, monoammonium phosphate, and sodium alginate are added in sequence, and stirred to make them uniformly mixed (the stirring method is conventional stirring, and it is only necessary to achieve uniform mixing between the materials), then, the mixed solution is quickly cooled by liquid nitrogen (commonly used liquid nitrogen in the art can be used) to form particles, the frozen particles are treated with a cross-linking agent of pentanediol, and finally freeze-dried, and the freeze-drying step is specifically as follows: freeze-drying for 10 hours at a temperature of -25°C in a vacuum freeze dryer (the vacuum degree is maintained between 10 and 50 Pa) to obtain gelatin sustained-release particles.The method for preparing fermented soybean meal is as follows: first, the soybean meal is crushed and its moisture is adjusted to 60%; then, a microbial combination consisting of three microorganisms, namely Bacillus subtilis (for example, a strain with a preservation number of CGMCC 1.15792), Lactobacillus plantarum (for example, a strain with a preservation number of CGMCC 1.16089) and Aspergillus oryzae (for example, a strain with a preservation number of CGMCC 3.13905), is inoculated in a ratio of 1:1:2, and fermented at a temperature of 32°C for 7 days, during which the pile is turned regularly and the ammonia nitrogen and pH value of the pile are measured every two days to ensure uniform fermentation.

[0033] During the cultivation process, irrigation, fertilization and environmental regulation are carried out regularly. Irrigation: Deionized water is used for irrigation 2-3 times a week (the amount of deionized water used each time is determined according to the size of the potting container. For example, in this embodiment, the diameter of the potting container is 25 cm, and the amount of deionized water used each time is 200-300 ml / pot); Fertilization: The basic fertilizer (i.e., base fertilizer) uses a low-nitrogen, high-phosphorus, and high-potassium compound fertilizer, and the ratio of NPK in the compound fertilizer is 5:15:20 (based on a potting container with a diameter of 25 cm, the amount of basic fertilizer is 100g); foliar fertilizer is sprayed once every two weeks, and the foliar fertilizer uses a 0.2% water-soluble fertilizer solution (the amount of foliar fertilizer sprayed each time is 50-100ml), and the ratio of NPK in the foliar fertilizer in the first four weeks of growth is 10:15:15, and the ratio of NPK in the foliar fertilizer in the middle and late stages (5-12 weeks) is 5:10:20; in addition, stop applying foliar fertilizer in the last week of each month, and use deionized water to rinse the mixed matrix to avoid osmotic stress caused by fertilizer and salt accumulation; at the same time, regularly spray 0.1mol / L brassinolide (spray brassinolide once every two weeks); Environmental control is as follows: during the cultivation process, the daytime temperature is controlled at 26±2℃, the nighttime temperature is controlled at 20±2℃, and the relative humidity (RH) is controlled at 70%; during the cultivation period, the plants are illuminated by supplementary light, which is a combination of 620-660nm red light and 450-470nm blue light, and the ratio of red light to blue light is 3:2. The daily illumination time is 10h (i.e., 10h light cycle and 14h dark cycle per day); the light intensity in the seedling stage (i.e., the initial cultivation period, 0-45 days) is 150µmol·m -2 ·s -1 The light intensity during the differentiation stage (46-120 days) was 200 µmol·m -2 ·s -1The light intensity in the later development stage (after 120 days) was 300 µmol·m -2 ·s -1 ; The final result is miniaturized ginger for ornamental purposes.

[0034] Comparative Example 1: A ginger cultivation method comprising: Tissue culture seedling cultivation: Select buds or stem tip tissues of excellent ginger varieties, and use a culture medium including basal culture medium, plant growth regulators, organic additives, antioxidants and trace elements to cultivate ginger tissues to obtain tissue culture seedlings; the basal culture medium includes MS culture medium (Murashige & Skoog), sucrose and agar, and the plant growth regulators include 6-benzyladenine (6-BA), indoleacetic acid (IAA), gibberellin A 3 and kinetin KT , organic additives include zein and yeast extract, antioxidant is activated carbon, trace elements are CaCl 2 and MgSO 4. In the whole culture medium, the concentrations of MS medium, sucrose and agar are 4g / L, 30g / L and 6g / L respectively; 6-benzyladenine, indoleacetic acid (IAA) and gibberellin A 3. Kinetin KT The concentrations of zeatin and yeast extract are 2mg / L, 0.1mg / L, 0.3mg / L and 0.1mg / L respectively; the concentrations of zeatin and yeast extract are 50ml / L and 0.5g / L respectively; the concentration of activated carbon is 2g / L; CaCl 2. MgSO The concentrations of 4 were 0.5 mM and 0.5 mM; The specific method for cultivating tissue culture seedlings is consistent with the cultivation method in Example 2.

[0035] Potted cultivation: The potted cultivation method is consistent with the cultivation method in Example 2 (including the components of the mixed matrix and specific irrigation, fertilization, and environmental control methods).

[0036] Comparative Example 2: A ginger cultivation method comprising: Tissue culture seedling cultivation: Select buds or stem tip tissues of excellent ginger varieties, and use a culture medium including basal culture medium, plant growth regulators, organic additives, antioxidants and trace elements to cultivate ginger tissues to obtain tissue culture seedlings; the basal culture medium includes MS culture medium (Murashige & Skoog), sucrose and agar, and the plant growth regulators include 6-benzyladenine (6-BA), indoleacetic acid (IAA) and kinetin KT , organic additives include coconut water and yeast extract, antioxidants are activated carbon, trace elements are CaCl2 and MgSO 4. In the whole culture medium, the concentrations of MS medium, sucrose, and agar are 4 g / L, 30 g / L, and 6 g / L, respectively; 6-benzyladenine, indoleacetic acid (IAA), and kinetin KT The concentrations of are: 2mg / L, 0.1mg / L, 0.1mg / L; the concentrations of coconut water and yeast extract are 50ml / L and 0.5g / L respectively; the concentration of activated carbon is 2g / L; CaCl 2. MgSO The concentrations of 4 were 0.5 mM and 0.5 mM; The specific method for cultivating tissue culture seedlings is consistent with the cultivation method in Example 2.

[0037] Potted cultivation: The potted cultivation method is consistent with the cultivation method in Example 2 (including the components of the mixed matrix and specific irrigation, fertilization, and environmental control methods).

[0038] Comparative Example 3: A ginger cultivation method comprising: Cultivation of tissue culture seedlings: The method for cultivating tissue culture seedlings is consistent with the cultivation method of Example 2 (including the composition of the culture medium and the specific cultivation method).

[0039] Potted cultivation: the obtained tissue culture seedlings are removed from the culture medium, the culture medium on the surface of the rhizomes is cleaned off, and the seedlings are transferred to a potted container evenly spread with a mixed matrix for cultivation. The mixed matrix includes biochar particles, modified zeolite particles, mycorrhizal fungal inoculants, gelatin slow-release particles, fermented soybean meal and graphene-modified cellulose (both biochar particles and graphene-modified cellulose can be existing products), wherein the mass ratio of biochar particles, modified zeolite particles, mycorrhizal fungal inoculants, gelatin slow-release particles, fermented soybean meal and graphene-modified fibers is 5:7:2:2:2:2 (in this comparative example, the mass fractions of biochar particles, modified zeolite particles, mycorrhizal fungal inoculants, gelatin slow-release particles, fermented soybean meal and graphene-modified cellulose are 25%, 35%, 10%, 10%, 10%, 10%, and 10%, respectively).

[0040] Among them, the preparation methods of modified zeolite particles, gelatin slow-release particles, and fermented soybean meal are consistent with those in Example 2. The preparation method of the mycorrhizal fungus inoculant is as follows: Acaulospora laevis (for example, a strain with a preservation number of BEG140, International Collection of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi) is used as the main mycorrhizal fungus, and red clover is used to propagate arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in the propagation matrix, and the inoculation amount is calculated by weight ratio to be 3% to 5% of the propagation matrix, and finally the mycorrhizal fungus inoculant is obtained; the propagation matrix is ​​obtained by mixing river sand and soil in a mass ratio of 1:1 and then sterilizing.

[0041] During the cultivation process, irrigation, fertilization and environmental regulation are performed regularly, and the methods of irrigation, fertilization and environmental regulation are consistent with those in Example 2.

[0042] The final result is miniaturized ginger for ornamental purposes.

[0043] Comparative Example 4: A ginger cultivation method comprising: Cultivation of tissue culture seedlings: The method for cultivating tissue culture seedlings is consistent with the cultivation method of Example 2 (including the composition of the culture medium and the specific cultivation method).

[0044] Potted cultivation: the obtained tissue culture seedlings are removed from the culture medium, the culture medium on the surface of the rhizomes is cleaned off, and the seedlings are transferred to a potted container evenly spread with a mixed matrix for cultivation. The mixed matrix includes biochar particles, modified zeolite particles, mycorrhizal fungal inoculants, urea formaldehyde slow-release fertilizer particles, fermented soybean meal and graphene-modified cellulose (both the biochar particles and the graphene-modified cellulose can be existing products), wherein the mass ratio of the biochar particles, modified zeolite particles, mycorrhizal fungal inoculants, urea formaldehyde slow-release fertilizer particles, fermented soybean meal and graphene-modified fiber is 5:7:2:2:2:2 (in this comparative example, the mass fractions of the biochar particles, modified zeolite particles, mycorrhizal fungal inoculants, urea formaldehyde slow-release fertilizer particles, fermented soybean meal and graphene-modified cellulose are 25%, 35%, 10%, 10%, 10%, 10%, and 10%, respectively).

[0045] The preparation methods of modified zeolite particles, mycorrhizal fungi inoculation and fermented soybean meal are the same as those in Example 2; the urea formaldehyde slow-release fertilizer particles can be conventional urea formaldehyde slow-release fertilizer particles in the art or commercially available products.

[0046] During the cultivation process, irrigation, fertilization and environmental regulation are performed regularly, and the methods of irrigation, fertilization and environmental regulation are consistent with those in Example 2.

[0047] The final result is miniaturized ginger for ornamental purposes.

[0048] Comparative Example 5: A ginger cultivation method comprising: Cultivation of tissue culture seedlings: The method for cultivating tissue culture seedlings is consistent with the cultivation method of Example 2 (including the composition of the culture medium and the specific cultivation method).

[0049] Potted cultivation: the obtained tissue culture seedlings are removed from the culture medium, the culture medium on the surface of the rhizomes is cleaned off, and the seedlings are transferred to a potted container evenly spread with a mixed matrix for cultivation. The mixed matrix includes biochar particles, modified zeolite particles, mycorrhizal fungal inoculants, gelatin slow-release particles, fermented soybean meal and graphene-modified cellulose (both biochar particles and graphene-modified cellulose can be existing products), wherein the mass ratio of biochar particles, modified zeolite particles, mycorrhizal fungal inoculants, gelatin slow-release particles, fermented soybean meal and graphene-modified fibers is 5:7:2:2:2:2 (in this comparative example, the mass fractions of biochar particles, modified zeolite particles, mycorrhizal fungal inoculants, gelatin slow-release particles, fermented soybean meal and graphene-modified cellulose are 25%, 35%, 10%, 10%, 10%, 10%, and 10%, respectively).

[0050] Among them, the preparation methods of modified zeolite particles, mycorrhizal fungal inoculants, and gelatin slow-release particles are consistent with those in Example 2. The fermented soybean meal obtaining step is specifically as follows: first, the soybean meal is crushed and its moisture is adjusted to 55%; then, a microbial combination consisting of three microorganisms, Bacillus subtilis (for example, a strain with a preservation number of CGMCC 1.15792), Lactobacillus plantarum (for example, a strain with a preservation number of CGMCC 1.16089), and Saccharomyces cerevisiae (for example, a strain with a preservation number of CGMCC 2.3973), is inoculated at a ratio of 1:1:2, and fermented at a temperature of 30°C for 7 days, during which the pile is turned regularly and the ammonia nitrogen and pH value of the pile are measured every two days to ensure uniform fermentation.

[0051] During the cultivation process, irrigation, fertilization and environmental regulation are performed regularly, and the methods of irrigation, fertilization and environmental regulation are consistent with those in Example 2.

[0052] The final result is miniaturized ginger for ornamental purposes.

[0053] Comparative Example 6: A ginger cultivation method comprising: Cultivation of tissue culture seedlings: The method for cultivating tissue culture seedlings is consistent with the cultivation method of Example 2 (including the composition of the culture medium and the specific cultivation method).

[0054] Potted cultivation: The obtained tissue culture seedlings are taken out from the culture medium, the culture medium on the surface of the rhizomes is washed off, and the seedlings are transferred to a potted container evenly spread with a mixed matrix for cultivation. The components and preparation method of the mixed matrix are the same as those in Example 2.

[0055] During the cultivation process, irrigation, fertilization and environmental regulation are performed regularly, and the methods of irrigation and fertilization are consistent with those in Example 2; Environmental control: During the cultivation process, the daytime temperature was controlled at 26±2℃, the nighttime temperature was controlled at 20±2℃, and the relative humidity (RH) was controlled at 65%. During the cultivation period, the plants were exposed to natural light with a daily illumination time of 10h (i.e., a 10h photoperiod and a 14h dark period). The light intensity during the seedling stage (i.e., the initial stage of cultivation, 0-45 days) was 125µmol·m -2 ·s -1 The light intensity during the differentiation stage (46-120 days) was 175 µmol·m -2 ·s -1 The light intensity in the later development stage (after 120 days) was 250 µmol·m -2 ·s -1 .

[0056] The final result is miniaturized ginger for ornamental purposes.

[0057] The appearance results of miniaturized ginger obtained in Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 6 are shown in the following table:

[0058] It can be seen from the above table that: by using the specific culture medium in this embodiment to culture the ginger tuber, ginger tissue culture seedlings with low plant height and compact growth morphology can be obtained; by using a specific mixed matrix, combined with irrigation, fertilization, environmental control and other means, the uniformity and trait stability of the plants can be effectively ensured while controlling the height of the ginger plants.

Claims

1. A method for cultivating small ornamental ginger, characterized in that: include: Tissue culture seedling cultivation: select buds or stem tip tissues of excellent ginger varieties, and use a culture medium including a basic culture medium, plant growth regulators, organic additives, antioxidants and trace elements to cultivate the ginger tissues to obtain tissue culture seedlings; Potted cultivation: The tissue culture seedlings are removed from the culture medium, the culture medium on the surface of the rhizomes is cleaned off, and the seedlings are transferred to a potted container evenly spread with a mixed matrix for cultivation. The mixed matrix includes biochar particles, modified zeolite particles, mycorrhizal fungal inoculants, gelatin slow-release particles, fermented soybean meal and graphene-modified cellulose. During the cultivation process, irrigation, fertilization and environmental control are carried out regularly to finally obtain miniaturized ornamental ginger.

2. The method for cultivating small ornamental ginger according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific method of cultivating the tissue culture seedlings is: inoculating the selected ginger buds or stem tip tissues onto the culture medium, and placing them in an environment with a temperature of 24±2°C and a humidity of 50% to 70%, with a light exposure of 12 hours per day and a light intensity of 500 to 700 µmol·m -2 ·s -1 ; The early differentiation stage is cultured for 4 to 6 weeks, and the late root induction stage is cultured for 4 weeks.

3. The method for cultivating small ornamental ginger according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The basic culture medium includes MS culture medium, sucrose and agar, and the plant growth regulator includes 6-benzyladenine, auxin, gibberellin A 3 and kinetin KT , organic additives include coconut water and yeast extract, antioxidants are activated carbon, trace elements are CaCl 2 and MgSO 4. In the whole culture medium, the concentrations of MS medium, sucrose, and agar are 3.8-4.2 g / L, 28-32 g / L, and 5.8-6.2 g / L, respectively; 6-benzyladenine, auxin, and gibberellin A 3. Kinetin KT The concentrations of are: 1.9-2.1mg / L, 0.09-0.11mg / L, 0.28-0.32mg / L, 0.09-0.11mg / L; the concentrations of coconut water and yeast extract are 48-52ml / L and 0.48-0.52g / L respectively; the concentration of activated carbon is 1.8-2.2g / L; CaCl 2. MgSO The concentrations of 4 were 0.45-0.55 mM and 0.45-0.55 mM respectively.

4. The method for cultivating small ornamental ginger according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: The auxin is either indoleacetic acid or naphthylacetic acid.

5. The method for cultivating small ornamental ginger according to claim 3, characterized in that: In the mixed matrix, the mass ratio of biochar particles, modified zeolite particles, mycorrhizal fungus inoculant, gelatin slow-release particles, fermented soybean meal and graphene-modified cellulose is 4.5-5.5:6.5-7.5:1.8-2.2:1.5-2.5:1.8-2.2:1.5-2.

5.

6. The method for cultivating small ornamental ginger according to claim 1, characterized in that: The modified zeolite particle preparation method comprises the following steps: calcining natural zeolite particles at a high temperature of 480 to 520° C. for 1.8 to 2.2 hours to achieve physical activation and obtain modified zeolite particles.

7. The method for cultivating small ornamental ginger according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation method of the mycorrhizal fungus inoculant is as follows: using the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Glomus intraradices as the main mycorrhizal fungus, inoculating the fungal spores of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Glomus intraradices and the symbiotic plants of the alfalfa root segments in a sterilized sandy soil matrix, and culturing for 6 weeks in an environment with a temperature of 25°C and a humidity of 60% to 70%; during the culturing process, regularly detecting the fungal spore density; after the culturing, filtering and separating the sandy soil containing the fungal spores to obtain a high-concentration spore suspension, and then drying to prepare a powdered mycorrhizal fungus inoculant.

8. The method for cultivating small ornamental ginger according to claim 1, characterized in that: The irrigation specifically includes: irrigating with deionized water 2 to 3 times a week.

9. The method for cultivating small ornamental ginger according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fertilization is specifically as follows: the basic fertilizer uses a low-nitrogen, high-phosphorus, high-potassium compound fertilizer, and the ratio of NPK in the compound fertilizer is 5:15:20; foliar fertilizer is sprayed once every two weeks, and the foliar fertilizer uses a water-soluble fertilizer solution with a concentration of 0.1% to 0.2%, and the ratio of NPK in the foliar fertilizer in the first four weeks of growth is 10:15:15, and the ratio of NPK in the foliar fertilizer in the middle and late stages is 5:10:20; in addition, the application of foliar fertilizer is stopped in the last week of each month, and the mixed matrix is ​​rinsed with deionized water; at the same time, brassinolide is sprayed regularly with a concentration of 0.1 mol / L.

10. The method for cultivating small ornamental ginger according to claim 1, characterized in that: The environmental control is specifically as follows: during the cultivation process, the daytime temperature is controlled at 26±2°C, the nighttime temperature is controlled at 20±2°C, and at the same time, the relative humidity is controlled at 60%-70%; during the cultivation period, the plants are irradiated with a fill light, and the fill light is a combination of 620-660nm red light and 450-470nm blue light, and the ratio between red light and blue light is 3:2, and the daily illumination time is 10h.

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