Fungicide composition for preventing and treating potato scab and application thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of prevention and treatment of potato scab, and particularly relates to a fungicide composition for preventing and treating potato scab and application of the fungicide composition. The fungicide composition for preventing and treating the potato scab provided by the invention comprises the following raw materials: a chemical prevention and treatment agent for the potato scab and a compound fungicide, the volume ratio of the chemical prevention and treatment agent for potato scab to the compound bacterial agent is (75-150): 5000; the compound bacterial agent is prepared from bacillus velezensis BEV2 and bacillus atrophaeus FM2-4. The dosage of the chemical agent can be reduced by at least half by utilizing the fungicide composition, and the fungicide composition has the advantage of environmental friendliness while having the effect of quickly and effectively preventing and treating the potato scab for a long time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of potato scab prevention and treatment, and particularly relates to a fungus-drug composition for preventing and treating potato scab and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Potato scab is a soil-borne and seed-borne disease caused by various Streptomyces ces pp., which occurs widely in potato-growing areas around the world. It not only affects the appearance quality and sales price of potatoes, but in severe cases it can also delay potato emergence and even cause seedling death, resulting in a decrease in yield and causing huge economic losses to the potato industry.

[0003] At present, in the process of potato planting, potato scab is mainly controlled by chemical control or biological control. Chemical control mainly relies on chemical agents for control, such as the use of broad-spectrum fungicides such as copper sulfate, captan, crown copper, mancozeb and other chemical agents to control scab. Although these agents can control the degree of damage of potato scab to a certain extent, there are also some adverse effects, such as pollution of soil and water sources.

[0004] In addition, when using biological control methods to control potato scab, strains such as Trichoderma, Bacillus subtilis, and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens are usually used. The above strains have good control effects on potato scab, are safe for non-target organisms, have low toxicity and side effects, are compatible with the environment, and have a long duration of action on harmful organisms. However, single biological control has the disadvantages of slow field control effect, unsatisfactory control effect, and susceptibility to environmental influences.

[0005] Therefore, how to provide a method for preventing and controlling potato scab that has fast action speed, good prevention and control effect, and is environmentally friendly has become a problem that needs to be solved urgently in the field. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to solve the problems of easy environmental pollution, slow control speed and unsatisfactory effect in the existing technology for preventing and treating potato scab, the present invention provides a bacterial drug composition for preventing and treating potato scab and its application. The bacterial drug composition of the present invention can quickly and long-term prevent and treat potato scab, and has the advantages of low dosage and environmental friendliness. The bacterial drug composition for preventing and treating potato scab of the present invention and its application specifically include the following technical solutions:

[0007] A fungus-drug composition for preventing and treating potato scab disease comprises the following raw materials:

[0008] Chemical control agents and compound bacterial agents for potato scab;

[0009] The volume ratio of the chemical control agent for potato scab to the compound bacterial agent is 75-150:5000;

[0010] The composite bacterial agent comprises Bacillus Velez subtilis BEV2 and Bacillus atrophaeus FM2-4, and the effective live bacterial concentrations of Bacillus Velez subtilis BEV2 and Bacillus atrophaeus FM2-4 in the composite bacterial agent are 1 to 3×10 8 CFU / mL;

[0011] The deposit number of the Bacillus atrophaeus FM2-4 is CGMCC No.32749.

[0012] Preferably, the chemical control agent for potato scab includes fludioxonil, fluazinam or bronopol.

[0013] Preferably, when the chemical control agent for potato scab is fludioxonil, the fludioxonil is a fludioxonil preparation with a mass concentration of 2.5%, and the volume ratio of the 2.5% fludioxonil preparation to the composite bacterial agent is 150:5000.

[0014] Preferably, when the chemical control agent for potato scab is fluazinam, the fluazinam is a fluazinam preparation with a mass concentration of 50%, and the volume ratio of the 50% fluazinam preparation to the compound bacterial agent is 75:5000.

[0015] Preferably, when the chemical control agent for potato scab is bronopol, the bronopol is a bronopol preparation with a mass concentration of 20%, and the volume ratio of the 20% bronopol preparation to the compound bacterial agent is 100:5000.

[0016] The present invention also provides application of the fungus-drug composition in preventing and treating potato scab.

[0017] The present invention also provides a method for preventing and treating potato scab, which uses the above-mentioned fungus-drug composition for prevention and treatment, and comprises the following steps:

[0018] The fungicide composition is applied for the first time during the potato sowing period, for the second time during the potato tuber setting period, and for the third time during the potato tuber swelling period.

[0019] Preferably, during the first application, the second application and the third application, the chemical control agent for potato scab and the compound bacterial agent are applied separately.

[0020] Preferably, the first application is in-furrow application, the second application is spray application, and the third application is spray application.

[0021] Preferably, when the bacterial drug composition is applied for the first time, the application amount of the chemical control agent for potato scab is 75-150 mL / mu, and the application amount of the compound bacterial agent is 5000 mL / mu;

[0022] When the bacterial drug composition is applied for the second time, the application amount of the chemical control agent for potato scab is 75-150 mL / mu, and the application amount of the composite bacterial agent is 5000 mL / mu;

[0023] When the bacterial-drug combination is applied for the third time, the application amount of the chemical control agent for potato scab is 75-150 mL / mu, and the application amount of the compound bacterial agent is 5000 mL / mu.

[0024] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0025] The present invention provides a bacterial drug composition for preventing and treating potato scab, comprising a chemical control agent for potato scab and a compound bacterial agent; the volume ratio of the chemical control agent for potato scab to the compound bacterial agent is 75-150:5000; the compound bacterial agent comprises Bacillus Velez BEV2 and Bacillus atrophaeus FM2-4. The bacterial drug composition for preventing and treating potato scab of the present invention can reduce the dosage of the chemical control agent by half, improve the control effect of potato scab, reduce the incidence of potato scab, and take into account the control effect of potato scab and environmental friendliness. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required to be used in the embodiments are briefly introduced below.

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the disease grade classification of potato scab after being treated by different treatment groups in Example 5 of the present invention.

[0028] Biological deposit information

[0029] Bacillus atrophaeus FM2-4, biological classification name: Bacillus atrophaeus, was deposited in the General Microbiology Center of China Microorganism Culture Collection (CGMCC) on November 22, 2024. The deposit address is No. 3, No. 1 Beichen West Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, and the deposit number is CGMCC No.32749. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The present invention provides a fungicide composition for preventing and treating potato scab, comprising the following raw materials:

[0031] A chemical control agent for potato scab and a compound bacterial agent; the volume ratio of the chemical control agent for potato scab and the compound bacterial agent is 75-150:5000; the compound bacterial agent comprises Bacillus Velez BEV2 and Bacillus atrophaeus FM2-4, and the effective live bacterial concentrations of Bacillus Velez BEV2 and Bacillus atrophaeus FM2-4 are 1-3×10 8 CFU / mL.

[0032] As an embodiment, the chemical control agent for potato scab includes fludioxonil, fluazinam or bronopol. As an embodiment, the fludioxonil is a fludioxonil preparation with a mass concentration of 2.5%, for example, a 2.5% fludioxonil suspension; the bronopol is a bronopol preparation with a mass concentration of 20%, for example, a 20% bronopol wettable powder; the fluazinam is a fludioxonil preparation with a mass concentration of 50%, for example, a 50% fludioxonil suspension. The volume ratio of the chemical control agent for potato scab and the compound bacterial agent is based on the volume of the 2.5% fludioxonil preparation, the 20% bronopol preparation, and the 50% fludioxonil preparation. As an embodiment, when the chemical control agent for potato scab is fludioxonil, the fludioxonil is a 2.5% fludioxonil preparation, and the volume ratio of the 2.5% fludioxonil preparation to the compound bacterial agent is 150:5000. As an embodiment, when the chemical control agent for potato scab is fluazinam, the fluazinam is a 50% fluazinam preparation, and the volume ratio of the 50% fluazinam preparation to the compound bacterial agent is 75:5000. As an embodiment, when the chemical control agent for potato scab is bronopol, the bronopol is a 20% bronopol preparation, and the volume ratio of the 20% bronopol preparation to the compound bacterial agent is 100:5000. As an embodiment, the composite bacterial agent includes Bacillus Velez subtilis BEV2 and Bacillus atrophaeus FM2-4, the Bacillus Velez subtilis BEV2 is the Bacillus Velez subtilis BEV2 in the paper "Shang Shuyan, Wang Jinhui, Guo Weiwei, Zhang Dai, Pan Yang, Zhao Dongmei, Li Qian, Zhu Jiehua, Yang Zhihui. Screening of biocontrol Bacillus for potato scab caused by various Streptomyces [J]. China Potato, 2023, (Issue 6)."; the Bacillus atrophaeus FM2-4 is the Bacillus FM2-4 in the paper "Shang Shuyan, Wang Jinhui, Guo Weiwei, Zhang Dai, Pan Yang, Zhao Dongmei, Li Qian, Zhu Jiehua, Yang Zhihui. Screening of biocontrol Bacillus for potato scab caused by various Streptomyces [J]. China Potato, 2023, (Issue 6)", and its preservation number is CGMCC No.32749. The effective live bacterial concentrations of Bacillus Velezii BEV2 and Bacillus atrophaeus FM2-4 are 1 to 3×10 8 As an embodiment, the effective viable bacterial concentrations of Bacillus Velezii BEV2 and Bacillus atrophaeus FM2-4 can be 1×108 CFU / mL, 2×10 8 CFU / mL or 3×10 8 CFU / mL. In a specific embodiment, the chemical control agent for potato scab is 2.5% fludioxonil, and the 2.5% fludioxonil means that the mass concentration of fludioxonil in the commercial drug is 2.5%, the volume ratio of 2.5% fludioxonil to the composite bacterial agent is 150:5000, and the effective live bacterial concentrations of Bacillus Velezii BEV2 and Bacillus atrophaeus FM2-4 are 1×10 8 In another specific embodiment, the chemical control agent for potato scab is 50% fluazinam, and the 50% fluazinam means that the mass concentration of fluazinam in the commercial drug is 50%, the volume ratio of the 50% fluazinam to the compound bacterial agent is 75:5000, and the effective live bacterial concentrations of Bacillus Velezii BEV2 and Bacillus atrophaeus FM2-4 in the compound bacterial agent are 1×10 8 In another specific embodiment, the chemical control agent for potato scab is 20% bronopol, and the 20% bronopol means that the mass concentration of bronopol in the commercial drug is 20%, the volume ratio of the 20% bronopol to the composite bacterial agent is 100:5000, and the effective live bacterial concentrations of Bacillus Velezii BEV2 and Bacillus atrophaeus FM2-4 in the composite bacterial agent are 1×10 8 CFU / mL.

[0033] As an embodiment, the preparation process of the composite bacterial agent of the present invention comprises the following steps: inoculating the seed liquid of Bacillus Velezii BEV2 and Bacillus atrophaeus FM2-4 into the culture medium for cultivation until the effective live bacteria concentration is 10 8 CFU / mL. As an embodiment, the present invention preferably inoculates the seed solution of Bacillus Velezii BEV2 and the seed solution of Bacillus atrophaeus FM2-4 into the liquid LB medium at a volume ratio of 1% for shake culture. As an embodiment, the shake culture conditions of the present invention are preferably cultured at 37°C and 40% to 70% humidity for 9 hours.

[0034] The present invention also provides application of the fungus-drug composition in preventing and treating potato scab.

[0035] The present invention also provides a method for preventing and treating potato scab, which uses the above-mentioned fungus-drug composition for prevention and treatment, and comprises the following steps:

[0036] The fungicide composition is applied for the first time during the potato sowing period, for the second time during the potato tuber setting period, and for the third time during the potato tuber swelling period.

[0037] The present invention applies the fungicide composition for the first time during the potato sowing period. As an embodiment, when the fungicide composition is applied for the first time, the application method is furrow application, and the chemical control agent for potato scab and the compound bacterial agent in the fungicide composition are applied separately. As an embodiment, when the fungicide composition is applied for the second time, the application method is spraying, and the chemical control agent for potato scab and the compound bacterial agent in the fungicide composition are applied separately. As an embodiment, when the fungicide composition is applied for the second time, the application method is spraying, and the chemical control agent for potato scab and the compound bacterial agent in the fungicide composition are applied separately.

[0038] As an embodiment, when the fungicide composition is applied for the first time, the application amount of the chemical control agent for potato scab is 75-150 mL, and the application amount of the compound fungicide is 5000 mL; as an embodiment, when the fungicide composition is applied for the first time, the application amount of the chemical control agent for potato scab can be 75 mL / mu, 100 mL / mu or 150 mL / mu.

[0039] As an embodiment, when the fungicide composition is applied for the second time, the application amount of the chemical control agent for potato scab is 75-150 mL, and the application amount of the compound fungicide is 5000 mL; as an embodiment, when the fungicide composition is applied for the second time, the application amount of the chemical control agent for potato scab can be 75 mL / mu, 100 mL / mu or 150 mL / mu.

[0040] As an embodiment, when the fungicide composition is applied for the third time, the application amount of the chemical control agent for potato scab is 75-150 mL, and the application amount of the compound fungicide is 5000 mL. As an embodiment, when the fungicide composition is applied for the third time, the application amount of the chemical control agent for potato scab can be 75 mL / mu, 100 mL / mu or 150 mL / mu.

[0041] To further illustrate the present invention, a fungicide composition for preventing and treating potato scab provided by the present invention and its application are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0042] Example 1 A fungus drug composition

[0043] The raw materials of the fungus-drug composition are a chemical control agent for potato scab and a compound fungus agent;

[0044] Fludioxonil with a mass concentration of 2.5% was used as a chemical control agent for potato scab, and the volume ratio of 2.5% fludioxonil to the compound bacterial agent was 150:5000.

[0045] The raw materials of the composite bacterial agent are Bacillus Velezii BEV2 and Bacillus atrophaeus FM2-4. In the composite bacterial agent, the concentration of Bacillus Velezii BEV2 is 1×10 8 CFU / mL, the concentration of Bacillus atrophaeus FM2-4 is 1×10 8 CFU / mL.

[0046] The preparation process of the composite bacterial agent is as follows: seed liquid of Bacillus Velezii BEV2 and Bacillus atrophaeus FM 2-4 are inoculated into liquid LB medium at a volume ratio of 1%, and cultured by shaking until the effective live bacterial concentrations of Bacillus Velezii BEV2 and Bacillus atrophaeus FM2-4 are 10 8 CFU / mL was used to stop the culture. The shaking culture was carried out at 37°C, 200 rpm, and 40-70% humidity.

[0047] Example 2 A fungus drug composition

[0048] The raw materials of the bacterial drug composition are a chemical control agent for potato scab and a compound bacterial agent;

[0049] Fluazinam with a mass concentration of 50% was used as a chemical control agent for potato scab, and the volume ratio of 50% fluazinam to the compound bacterial agent was 75:5000.

[0050] The raw materials and preparation process of the composite bacterial agent are the same as those in Example 1.

[0051] Example 3 A fungus drug composition

[0052] The raw materials of the bacterial drug composition are a chemical control agent for potato scab and a compound bacterial agent;

[0053] Bronopol with a mass concentration of 20% was used as a chemical control agent for potato scab, and the volume ratio of 20% bronopol to the compound bacterial agent was 100:5000.

[0054] The raw materials and preparation process of the composite bacterial agent are the same as those in Example 1.

[0055] Example 4 Field control effect test of different control methods on potato scab

[0056] The test site was in the potato scab nursery in Houjingbuzi Village, Zhangbei County, and the test potato variety was Shapoti. The test set up 8 treatment groups and 1 control group. Each group was repeated 3 times, and each repetition was a small area. Different groups were treated with different agents, as shown in Table 1. Treatments 1 to 9 were all carried out according to the method for preventing and controlling potato scab described in Example 4. The difference was that the ingredients and dosages of the agents used in different treatments to prevent and control potatoes were adjusted according to the ingredients and dosages shown in Table 1. The test was distributed in random blocks, and each repetition was a small area. The potato sowing row spacing was 65 cm, the plant spacing was 20 cm, 2 rows were sown in each small area, the small area was 3.8 m long, and the area of ​​each small area was about 5.32 m 2 , with a total area of ​​143.64m 2 , about 0.215 acres.

[0057] The application time during the sowing period was May 7; the application time during the tuber setting period was June 25; the application time during the tuber expansion period was July 13; and the disease survey was conducted during the potato harvest period on August 28. The specific scheme is shown in Table 1. The dosages described in Table 1 are the dosages for each spraying, and the spraying is carried out using an electric sprayer. It should be noted that when applying the agents described in Table 1, the dosage required for each plot is calculated based on the per mu dosage and the plot area, and then diluted by the pesticide secondary dilution method, calculated according to the area of ​​the plot, and finally the compound bacterial agent or chemical agent is diluted to 10L.

[0058] Table 1 Experimental scheme for treatments 1 to 9

[0059]

[0060]

[0061] Note: In treatments 5 to 7, chemical agents and compound bacterial agents were applied separately, and the order of the dosages was the dosage of chemical control agent for potato scab + the dosage of compound bacterial agent.

[0062] When potatoes were harvested, potatoes in each plot were investigated. The average of the survey data of three plots was used as the survey result for each treatment. The number and area of ​​surface lesions were investigated and the number of diseased potatoes at each level was recorded for each plot. The disease grade was determined according to the potato scab grading standard shown in Table 2. The potato scab grade results of different treatment groups are shown in Table 3. After distinguishing the potato scab disease grades, photos were taken. A group of potatoes was randomly selected for each treatment for display. The results are shown in Table 3. Figure 1 shown.

[0063] The control effect, morbidity and disease index were calculated according to the following formula:

[0064] Incidence rate (%) = (number of diseased tubers / total number of investigated tubers) × 100%;

[0065] Disease index = ∑ (number of tubers of each disease level × representative value of the disease level) / (total number of tubers surveyed × highest level representative value) × 100;

[0066] Control effect (%) = (control disease index - treatment disease index) / control disease index × 100.

[0067] The field survey data were preliminarily statistically sorted using Excel software, and the disease index, control effect and other experimental data were calculated at the same time. SPSS27.0 was then used to perform a significant difference analysis on the disease index and other data. The results are shown in Table 3.

[0068] Table 2 Grading standards for potato scab

[0069]

[0070]

[0071] Table 3 Potato scab grading results in different treatment groups

[0072]

[0073] Note: a, b, and c in Table 3 represent the significant differences between the mean values ​​of disease index of different groups. The same letters represent the same level.

[0074] According to Table 3 and Figure 1 The results showed that the potato scab disease in the water control group was more serious, with potato scab disease at levels 1 to 5. In the single chemical agent treatment, 50% fluazinam had the best control effect, with only a slight incidence of 1 to 2 levels; in the single microbial agent treatment, the composite agent had the best control effect, with most of the diseased potatoes showing level 1 disease, and only one potato showing level 2 disease; in the bacterial drug combination treatment, 2.5% fludioxonil + composite agent treatment had the best control effect, with most of the potatoes showing level 1 to 2 disease, and only one potato showing level 2 disease.

[0075] According to the results in Table 3, among the single chemical agents, 50% fluazinam has the best control effect on potato scab, with a control effect of 65.73%; followed by 20% bronopol, and 2.5% fludioxonil has the worst control effect on potato scab, which is 52.40%. In terms of microbial agents, the control effect of the composite agent BEV2+FM2-4 on potato scab is 70.17%, and the control effect of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens QST713 (Zhuorun) as a commercially available biocontrol control on potato scab is 57.90%. In terms of the combined use of fungi and drugs, 2.5% fludioxonil + composite agent BEV2+FM2-4 has the best control effect on potato scab, which is 72.57%. In the fungi-drug composition provided by the present invention, the chemical control agent for potato scab and the composite agent of the present invention can produce a synergistic effect. Compared with treatments 1 to 3, treatments 5 to 7 improved the control effect of potato scab while halving the dosage of chemical control drugs and compound bacterial agents for potato scab.

[0076] In summary, the present invention provides a bacterial-drug composition for preventing and treating potato scab. The potato scab prevention and treatment composition of the present invention can reduce the use of chemical control agents for potato scab, and the composite bacterial agent and the chemical agent can produce a synergistic effect, thereby improving the field control effect of potato scab, improving the control effect of potato scab, reducing the incidence of potato scab, and taking into account the control of potato scab and environmental friendliness.

[0077] Although the above embodiment describes the present invention in detail, it is only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. People can also obtain other embodiments like this embodiment without creativity, and these embodiments all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fungicide composition for preventing and treating potato scab, characterized in that: Including the following raw materials: Chemical control agents and compound bacterial agents for potato scab; The volume ratio of the chemical control agent for potato scab to the compound bacterial agent is 75-150:5000; The composite bacterial agent comprises Bacillus Velez subtilis BEV2 and Bacillus atrophaeus FM2-4, and the effective live bacterial concentrations of Bacillus Velez subtilis BEV2 and Bacillus atrophaeus FM2-4 in the composite bacterial agent are 1 to 3×10 8 CFU / mL; The deposit number of the Bacillus atrophaeus FM2-4 is CGMCC No.32749.

2. The fungus-drug composition according to claim 1, characterized in that: The chemical control agent for potato scab includes fludioxonil, fluazinam or bronopol.

3. The fungus-drug composition according to claim 2, characterized in that: When the chemical control agent for potato scab is fludioxonil, the fludioxonil is a fludioxonil preparation with a mass concentration of 2.5%, and the volume ratio of the 2.5% fludioxonil preparation to the composite bacterial agent is 150:5000.

4. The fungus-drug composition according to claim 2, characterized in that: When the chemical control agent for potato scab is fluazinam, the fluazinam is a fluazinam preparation with a mass concentration of 50%, and the volume ratio of the 50% fluazinam preparation to the compound bacterial agent is 75:5000.

5. The fungus-drug composition according to claim 2, characterized in that: When the chemical control agent for potato scab is bronopol, the bronopol is a bronopol preparation with a mass concentration of 20%, and the volume ratio of the 20% bronopol preparation to the compound bacterial agent is 100:5000.

6. Use of the fungicide composition according to any one of claims 1 to 5 in preventing and treating potato scab.

7. A method for preventing and treating potato scab, characterized in that: The method of using the fungus-drug composition as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5 for prevention and treatment comprises the following steps: The fungicide composition is applied for the first time during the potato sowing period, for the second time during the potato tuber setting period, and for the third time during the potato tuber swelling period.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that During the first application, the second application and the third application, the chemical control agent for potato scab and the compound bacterial agent are applied separately.

9. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that The first application is furrow application, the second application is spray application, and the third application is spray application.

10. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that When the bacterial drug composition is applied for the first time, the application amount of the chemical control agent for potato scab is 75-150 mL / mu, and the application amount of the composite bacterial agent is 5000 mL / mu; When the bacterial drug composition is applied for the second time, the application amount of the chemical control agent for potato scab is 75-150 mL / mu, and the application amount of the composite bacterial agent is 5000 mL / mu; When the bacterial-drug combination is applied for the third time, the application amount of the chemical control agent for potato scab is 75-150 mL / mu, and the application amount of the compound bacterial agent is 5000 mL / mu.

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