Electromagnetic pulse shockwave balloon and vascular interventional treatment apparatus

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of medical apparatus and specifically discloses an electromagnetic pulse type shock wave balloon and a vascular interventional treatment instrument, the electromagnetic pulse type shock wave balloon comprises a medical balloon and a medical catheter, a micro disc type coil is arranged in the medical balloon, a conductive wire is arranged in the medical catheter, the conductive wire is connected with the micro disc type coil, and a metal patch is arranged on the inner wall or the outer wall of the medical balloon and corresponds to the micro disc type coil; the micro disc type coil is connected with an external power supply through the conductive wire, the external power supply provides pulse current to flow through the micro disc type coil, an alternating magnetic field is excited, the metal patch generates an eddy current in the magnetic field, the eddy current generates a repulsive force in the magnetic field, the metal patch is pushed to move, the metal patch drives the balloon wall surface to expand and contract, and an outward radiation of a shock wave is formed. The electromagnetic pulse type shock wave balloon is convenient to manufacture, low in cost, longer in service life and stable in shock wave energy, and is a novel shock wave balloon for vascular calcification treatment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of medical device technology and relates to an electromagnetic pulse shockwave balloon and vascular interventional therapy device. Background Technology

[0002] Vascular calcification refers to a pathological condition in which calcium deposits on the walls of blood vessels. It leads to hardening of the vessel walls, reduced compliance, and a higher risk of myocardial ischemia, left ventricular hypertrophy, heart failure, thrombosis, and plaque rupture—all conditions with high mortality and disability rates. Vascular calcification is frequently found in various complex vascular lesions, and calcified lesions are often accompanied by angulation and tortuosity of the vessels. Furthermore, calcified lesions respond poorly to vasodilation.

[0003] Traditional methods for treating vascular calcification mainly include: non-compliant balloons, cutting balloons, scarifying balloons, rotational atherectomy, and excimer laser treatment. These methods are generally only suitable for mild to moderate calcification, treating only superficial calcification, and are ineffective for severe or deep calcification. They also carry risks of complications such as coronary artery dissection, coronary artery perforation, bradycardia and atrioventricular block, coronary artery spasm, slow flow / no-reflow, and distal embolism. It can be seen that there are still significant challenges and unmet needs in the clinical treatment of vascular calcification.

[0004] Shockwave balloons are a novel treatment technology for vascular calcification in recent years. Typically, a shockwave balloon generates a shock wave through electrical spark discharge (liquid-phase pulsed discharge) within the balloon, which is then used to break up the calcified layer of the blood vessel. However, electrical spark discharge shockwave balloons have several drawbacks in practical applications, primarily including: the current intravascular shockwave technology has a complex and expensive electrode structure, which is difficult to manufacture; furthermore, due to limitations in the principle of electrical spark discharge and material properties, the lifespan of commonly available shockwave balloon electrodes is short, often only lasting a few dozen uses before complete ablation; additionally, due to limitations in the principle of electrical spark discharge and the liquid-phase environment within the balloon, intravascular shockwaves based on the liquid-phase pulsed discharge principle suffer from discharge instability, i.e., unstable shock wave energy. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention provides an electromagnetic pulse shockwave balloon, which is easy to manufacture, low in cost, has a longer service life, and stable shockwave energy, for use in the treatment of vascular calcification.

[0006] To address the aforementioned problems, embodiments of the present invention provide an electromagnetic pulse shockwave balloon, characterized in that:

[0007] It includes a medical balloon and a medical catheter, wherein the medical catheter passes through the medical balloon, a miniature disc-shaped coil is provided inside the medical balloon, a conductive wire is provided inside the medical catheter, the conductive wire is connected to the miniature disc-shaped coil, and a metal patch is provided on the inner or outer wall of the medical balloon at the location corresponding to the miniature disc-shaped coil.

[0008] The miniature disc coil is connected to an external power source via a conductive wire. The external power source inputs a pulse current to the miniature disc coil. The pulse current flows through the miniature disc coil and generates an alternating magnetic field around it. The metal patch generates eddy currents in the magnetic field, and the eddy currents generate a repulsive force in the magnetic field, which pushes the metal patch to move. The metal patch causes the balloon wall to expand and contract, forming a shock wave that radiates outward.

[0009] Furthermore, the medical balloon can be an existing pressure balloon used for interventional treatment of vascular diseases. The balloon material needs to have good insulation properties, the balloon can withstand at least 4 atm pressure, and the burst pressure is not less than 10 atm.

[0010] Furthermore, the micro-disc coil is a flat, disc-shaped coil manufactured by winding wires or using printing and photolithography techniques. The micro-disc coil is housed within a spherical capsule and connected to a special power source via conductive wires. The micro-disc coil is powered by the special power source to generate an alternating magnetic field.

[0011] Furthermore, the metal patch is a thin metal sheet with good conductivity, and the thin metal sheet is attached to the inner or outer wall of the balloon.

[0012] Furthermore, when the metal patch is attached to the outer wall of the balloon, an insulating coating needs to be applied. The metal patch generates an induced current, also known as eddy current, under the influence of the electromagnetic coil. This eddy current generates a repulsive force in the magnetic field, propelling the metal patch to move, which in turn causes the balloon wall to move, generating shock waves that radiate towards the blood vessel wall.

[0013] Furthermore, the conductive wire is a metal wire with good conductivity and is wrapped in an insulating layer with good insulation properties. The conductive wire connects the miniature disc coil to an external power source.

[0014] Furthermore, the medical catheter has a first through hole at its axis, and a guide wire is installed in the first through hole to control the movement of the shock wave balloon within the blood vessel.

[0015] Furthermore, a small hole is provided around the first through hole of the medical catheter, and a conductive wire is placed inside the small hole.

[0016] Furthermore, one or more of the miniature disc coils can be installed as needed, and the number of metal patches is the same as the number of miniature disc coils.

[0017] On the other hand, the present invention also proposes a vascular interventional therapy device, which is special in that it includes a special power supply and the aforementioned electromagnetic pulse shock wave balloon. The special power supply is connected to the conductive wire of the electromagnetic pulse shock wave balloon. The special power supply inputs pulse current to the micro disc coil through the conductive wire. The pulse current flows through the micro disc coil and excites an alternating magnetic field around the micro disc coil. The metal patch generates eddy currents in the magnetic field. The eddy currents generate repulsive force in the magnetic field, which pushes the metal patch to move. The metal patch causes the balloon wall to expand and contract, forming a shock wave that radiates outward.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the electromagnetic pulse shockwave balloon and vascular interventional therapy device proposed in this invention have at least the following beneficial effects:

[0019] (1) The electromagnetic pulse shock wave balloon and vascular interventional therapy device proposed in this invention are completely different from the technical route of the common shock wave balloon based on the principle of liquid phase pulse discharge (underwater electric spark discharge). It uses the electromagnetic pulse principle to generate shock waves, and the parameters such as shock wave energy, frequency and amplitude are more stable.

[0020] (2) Electromagnetic pulse shock wave balloons do not generate electric sparks, thus avoiding the disadvantage of shock wave balloons ablation of electrodes based on the principle of liquid phase pulse discharge (underwater electric spark discharge). They are easy to manufacture, have low cost, and have a longer service life.

[0021] The above description is merely an overview of the technical solution of the present invention. In order to better understand the technical means of the present invention and to implement it in accordance with the contents of the specification, the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the following description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the vascular interventional therapy device proposed in this invention;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the first embodiment of the electromagnetic pulse shockwave balloon proposed in this invention;

[0025] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of a second embodiment of the electromagnetic pulse shockwave balloon proposed in this invention;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of the third embodiment of the electromagnetic pulse shockwave balloon proposed in this invention;

[0028] Figure 6 for Figure 5 Enlarged view of point B in the middle.

[0029] In the diagram: 1. Special power supply; 2. Electromagnetic pulse shockwave balloon; 21. Medical balloon; 22. Miniature disc coil; 23. Metal patch; 24. Conductive wire; 25. Medical catheter. Detailed Implementation

[0030] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention. This invention is intended for wider application in socket-type heating pipes; therefore, it can be used in any practical application requiring suitability for a particular application.

[0031] See Figures 2-6 An embodiment of the present invention provides an electromagnetic pulse shockwave balloon, including a medical balloon 21 and a medical catheter 25. The medical catheter 25 passes through the medical balloon 21. A miniature disc coil 22 is provided inside the medical balloon 21 and is fixed to the outer surface of the medical catheter 25. A conductive wire 24 is provided inside the medical catheter 25 and is connected to the miniature disc coil 22. A metal patch 23 is provided on the inner or outer wall of the medical balloon 21 at the location corresponding to the miniature disc coil 22.

[0032] The miniature disc coil 22 is connected to an external power source via a conductive wire 24. The external power source inputs a pulse current to the miniature disc coil 22. The pulse current flows through the miniature disc coil and generates an alternating magnetic field around it. The metal patch 23 generates an induced current, also known as an eddy current, in the magnetic field. The eddy current generates a repulsive force in the magnetic field, which pushes the metal patch 23 to move. The metal patch 23 causes the balloon wall to expand and contract, forming a shock wave that radiates outward. The shock wave can destroy calcified plaques in blood vessels. When the calcified layer is broken by the shock wave, the blood vessels can dilate even with relatively low pressure.

[0033] Specifically, the medical balloon 21 can be an existing pressure balloon used for interventional treatment of vascular diseases. The balloon material needs to have good insulation. The medical balloon 21 is fixed on the medical catheter 25. The balloon can withstand at least 4 atm of pressure and the burst pressure is not less than 10 atm.

[0034] Specifically, see Figure 3The miniature disc coil 22 is a flat, disc-shaped coil manufactured by winding wires or by printing and photolithography. The miniature disc coil 22 is housed within a balloon and can be attached to the outer wall of the medical catheter 25. It is connected to an external power source via conductive wires, and the external power source provides pulsed power to the miniature disc coil 22 to generate an alternating magnetic field.

[0035] Specifically, the metal patch 23 is a thin metal sheet with good conductivity, which is attached to the inner or outer wall of the balloon. The position of each metal sheet corresponds to the micro disc coil 22.

[0036] Furthermore, when the metal patch 23 is attached to the outer wall of the balloon, an insulating coating needs to be applied. The metal patch 23 generates an induced current, also known as an eddy current, under the action of the electromagnetic coil. The eddy current generates a repulsive force in the magnetic field, propelling the metal patch 23 to move, which in turn causes the balloon wall to move, generating a shock wave that radiates towards the blood vessel wall.

[0037] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the conductive wire 24 is a metal wire with good conductivity and is wrapped in an insulating sheath with good insulation. The conductive wire 24 connects the miniature disc coil 22 to an external power source.

[0038] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, see [link to previous document]. Figure 3 The medical catheter 25 has a first through hole at its axis, and a guide wire is installed inside the first through hole to control the movement of the shock wave balloon in the blood vessel.

[0039] Further, see Figure 3 The medical catheter 25 has small holes distributed in a ring around the first through hole, and the small holes are used to place the conductive wire 24.

[0040] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, see [link to previous document]. Figure 5 and Figure 6 One or more of the miniature disc coils 22 can be installed as needed, and their positions can be distributed as required. The number of metal patches 23 is the same as that of the miniature disc coils 22, and their positions correspond one-to-one.

[0041] On the other hand, see Figure 1 The present invention also proposes a vascular interventional therapy device, including a special power supply 1 and the above-mentioned electromagnetic pulse shockwave balloon 2, wherein the special power supply 1 is a pulse power supply that can be used to drive the shockwave balloon 2.

[0042] Specifically, the special power supply 1 includes a pulse energy storage capacitor and switching components. The special power supply 1 can convert mains power and store it on the pulse energy storage capacitor. Using switching power supply technology, the switching components enable the stored energy in the capacitor to flow into the shock wave balloon, thereby driving the shock wave balloon to generate a shock wave.

[0043] Specifically, the pulse energy storage capacitor of the special power supply 1 is connected to the conductive wire 24 of the electromagnetic pulse shock wave balloon via a switching device. The special power supply 1 converts mains power and stores it in the pulse energy storage capacitor. The switching device allows the stored charge to flow into the conductive wire 24, inputting a pulse current into the miniature disc coil 22. The pulse current flows through the miniature disc coil 22, generating an alternating magnetic field around it. The metal patch 23 generates eddy currents in the magnetic field, and these eddy currents generate repulsive forces, pushing the metal patch 23 to move. The metal patch 23 causes the balloon wall to expand and contract, generating shock waves that radiate outward. The released shock waves destroy calcified plaques in the blood vessels. Once the calcified layer is broken by the shock waves, the blood vessels can dilate even at relatively low pressure. At this point, a stent can be safely implanted into the blood vessel to improve blood flow. The electromagnetic pulse shock waves cause almost no damage to normal vascular tissue.

[0044] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. An electromagnetic pulse shockwave balloon, characterized in that: The device includes a medical balloon (21) and a medical catheter (25). The medical catheter (25) passes through the medical balloon (21). The medical balloon (21) is equipped with a miniature disc coil (22). The medical catheter (25) is equipped with a conductive wire (24). The conductive wire (24) is connected to the miniature disc coil (22). A metal patch (23) is provided on the inner or outer wall of the medical balloon (21) at the location corresponding to the miniature disc coil (22). The miniature disc coil (22) is connected to an external power source through a conductive wire (24). The external power source inputs a pulse current to the miniature disc coil (22). The pulse current flows through the miniature disc coil and generates an alternating magnetic field around the miniature disc coil. The metal patch (23) generates eddy currents in the magnetic field. The eddy currents generate a repulsive force in the magnetic field, which pushes the metal patch to move. The metal patch (23) causes the balloon wall to expand and contract, forming a shock wave that radiates outward. The metal patch (23) is a conductive metal sheet, which is attached to the inner or outer wall of the balloon. When the metal patch (23) is attached to the outer wall of the balloon, the outer surface of the metal patch (23) is coated with an insulating coating. The conductive wire (24) is a metal wire with conductive properties and is wrapped in an insulating sheath.

2. The electromagnetic pulse shockwave balloon according to claim 1, characterized in that: The medical balloon (21) is insulated and can withstand at least 4 atm of pressure, with a burst pressure of not less than 10 atm.

3. The electromagnetic pulse shockwave balloon according to claim 2, characterized in that: The micro disc coil (22) is a flat disc-shaped coil made by winding wires or by printing and photolithography. The micro disc coil (22) is attached to the outer wall of the medical catheter (25).

4. The electromagnetic pulse shockwave balloon according to claim 3, characterized in that: The medical catheter (25) has a first through hole at its axis, and a guide wire is placed inside the first through hole.

5. The electromagnetic pulse shockwave balloon according to claim 4, characterized in that: Small holes are provided around the first through hole in the medical catheter (25), and conductive wires (24) are placed in the small holes.

6. The electromagnetic pulse shockwave balloon according to claim 5, characterized in that: The number of miniature disc coils (22) is one or more, and the number of metal patches (23) is the same as the number of miniature disc coils (22).

7. A vascular interventional therapy device, characterized in that: The device includes a special power supply (1) and an electromagnetic pulse shockwave balloon as described in any one of claims 1-6. The special power supply (1) is connected to the conductive wire (24) of the electromagnetic pulse shockwave balloon. The special power supply (1) inputs a pulse current to the micro disc coil (22) through the conductive wire (24). The pulse current flows through the micro disc coil (22) and excites an alternating magnetic field around the micro disc coil (22). The metal patch (23) generates eddy currents in the magnetic field. The eddy currents generate a repulsive force in the magnetic field, which pushes the metal patch (23) to move. The metal patch (23) causes the balloon wall to expand and contract, forming a shockwave that radiates outward.

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