High-precision clamping and positioning method and system for special welding structure parts

Abstract

This application relates to the field of welding technology, and provides a high-precision clamping and positioning method and system for special welding structure parts. The method includes: obtaining a brazing clamping device and determining the clamping limit conditions of the brazing clamping device; based on the brazing clamping device and the clamping limit conditions, building a mechanical simulation module; determining the relationship between the pre-clamping pressure and the pre-clamping limit, and combining the mechanical simulation module to perform clamping simulation and state evaluation, and output a clamping and positioning strategy through iterative adjustment of the simulation; transmitting the clamping and positioning strategy to the numerical control center of the welding equipment to perform clamping control on the brazing clamping device. It solves the technical problems of insufficient clamping accuracy and unstable quality of welding joints caused by fixture deformation and uneven clamping in the existing brazing clamping method. Through the clamping and positioning strategy that combines point cloud limit evaluation, mechanical simulation module and state compensation, it achieves the technical effects of improving the brazing clamping accuracy, optimizing the quality of welding joints and adapting to complex welding scenarios.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of welding technology, and particularly to a high-precision clamping and positioning method and system for special welding structure parts. Background Art

[0002] Existing welding technologies often face the problem of insufficient clamping accuracy when dealing with the welding of complex structures and special materials, especially for parts with large areas of multiple welds and small welds made of thin aluminum sheets. Traditional brazing clamping methods usually use fixed fixtures and apply pressure through screws and nuts to achieve the fitting of welded parts. However, due to the easy deformation of the clamping fixtures under high-temperature welding conditions, and the fact that large-area parts are prone to gaps between the central part of the fixture and the welded parts under the action of uneven pressure, this phenomenon will cause the filler metal in the welding process to be difficult to fully fill the joint gap, resulting in virtual welding or leakage, seriously affecting the welding quality and the reliability of the structure. In addition, the limitations of traditional clamping methods in mechanical analysis also exacerbate the above problems. The lack of dynamic evaluation means and precise adjustment strategies for the clamping state makes it difficult for existing methods to be effectively optimized according to the complex shape of the welded parts and the real-time changes of the clamping environment. Especially when dealing with the compressive deformation and high-temperature deformation characteristics of different materials during the welding process, traditional methods often lack sufficient intelligence and adaptability, resulting in the clamping effect being difficult to meet the high-precision technical requirements. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application provides a high-precision clamping and positioning method and system for special welding structure parts, aiming to solve the technical problems of insufficient clamping accuracy and unstable welding joint quality caused by fixture deformation and uneven clamping in existing brazing clamping methods.

[0004] In view of the above problems, this application provides a high-precision clamping and positioning method and system for special welding structure parts.

[0005] In the first aspect disclosed in this application, a high-precision clamping and positioning method for special welding structure parts is provided. The method includes: obtaining a brazing clamping device, determining the clamping limit conditions of the brazing clamping device, where the brazing clamping device includes a first clamping structure and a second clamping structure that are mirror-clamped; based on the brazing clamping device and the clamping limit conditions, building a mechanical simulation module, where the mechanical simulation module conducts clamping evaluation by setting limit point clouds; determining the relationship between the pre-clamping pressure and the pre-clamping limit, combining the mechanical simulation module to conduct clamping simulation and state evaluation, and outputting a clamping and positioning strategy through iterative adjustment simulation, where the clamping state is evaluated based on point cloud limits, and the state evaluation has compensation based on the welding scenario; transmitting the clamping and positioning strategy to the numerical control center of the welding equipment to control the clamping of the brazing clamping device.

[0006] Another aspect disclosed in this application provides a high-precision clamping and positioning system for special welding structure parts. The system includes: a clamping limit condition determination unit: obtaining a brazing clamping device and determining the clamping limit conditions of the brazing clamping device, where the brazing clamping device includes a first clamping structure and a second clamping structure that are mirror-clamped; a mechanical simulation module building unit: building a mechanical simulation module based on the brazing clamping device and the clamping limit conditions, where the mechanical simulation module performs clamping evaluation by setting limit point clouds; a clamping positioning strategy output unit: determining the relationship between the pre-clamping pressure and the pre-clamping limit, performing clamping simulation and state evaluation in combination with the mechanical simulation module, and outputting a clamping positioning strategy through iterative adjustment of the simulation, where the clamping state is evaluated based on point cloud limits and the state evaluation includes compensation based on the welding scenario; a clamping control unit: transmitting the clamping positioning strategy to the numerical control center of the welding equipment to perform clamping control on the brazing clamping device.

[0007] One or more technical solutions provided in this application have at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0008] The above high-precision clamping and positioning method for special welding structure parts obtains a brazing clamping device and clarifies its clamping limit conditions, and uses the first and second clamping structures including mirror structures during clamping; subsequently, a mechanical simulation module is constructed using these conditions, and the clamping state is evaluated by setting limit point clouds; then, based on the preset clamping pressure and limit relationship, simulation and state evaluation are performed in the mechanical simulation module, and through iterative optimization, a suitable clamping positioning strategy is generated, where the evaluation of the clamping state incorporates compensation adjustments for the specific welding scenario; finally, this clamping positioning strategy is transmitted to the numerical control center of the welding equipment to achieve precise and automatic control of the clamping process.

[0009] The above description is only an overview of the technical solutions of this application. In order to be able to understand the technical means of this application more clearly, it can be implemented according to the content of the specification. And in order to make the above and other purposes, features, and advantages of this application more obvious and understandable, the following specific embodiments of this application are specifically given. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0010] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the following drawings are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0011] Figure 1 It is a schematic flowchart of a high-precision clamping and positioning method for special welding structure parts in one embodiment.

[0012] Figure 2 It is a high-precision clamping and positioning system architecture diagram for special welding structure parts in an embodiment.

[0013] Explanation of reference numerals: clamping limit condition determination unit 11, mechanical simulation module construction unit 12, clamping and positioning strategy output unit 13, clamping control unit 14. Specific implementation manners

[0014] In an embodiment of the present application, by providing a high-precision clamping and positioning method and system for special welding structure parts, the technical problems of insufficient clamping accuracy and unstable welding joint quality caused by fixture deformation and uneven clamping in the existing brazing clamping method are solved.

[0015] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present application without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0016] It should be noted that the terms "include" and "have" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product or server including a series of steps or units does not necessarily have to be limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or modules that are not clearly listed or are inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0017] Embodiment 1, as Figure 1 shown, the present application provides a high-precision clamping and positioning method for special welding structure parts, and the method includes:

[0018] Obtain a brazing clamping device, and determine the clamping limit conditions of the brazing clamping device, wherein the brazing clamping device includes a first clamping structure and a second clamping structure that are mirror-clamped.

[0019] In the embodiment of the present application, before clamping and positioning, the system terminal first obtains a clamping device specifically for brazing. This device consists of two parts, namely the first clamping structure and the second clamping structure. These two clamping structures are installed corresponding to each other in a mirror image manner and can symmetrically fix both sides of the welded part simultaneously; when determining the clamping limit conditions, it is necessary to combine the specific shape, size, material properties of the welded part, as well as expert decisions, to set clear boundary conditions and constraint rules for the clamping device to ensure that the welded part can reach an ideal fitting state when stressed and positioned during the clamping process. These limit conditions include the maximum clamping pressure, the axial alignment of the clamping piece, the radial limiting clearance, etc., to ensure that the clamping structure is uniformly stressed in different directions and positions and can firmly and stably fix the welded part, providing a high-precision clamping basis for subsequent welding operations.

[0020] Furthermore, the present application provides that the brazing clamping device includes a first clamping structure and a second clamping structure that are mirror-clamped, including:

[0021] Taking the first side of the brazing sub-component as the first clamping direction, the first clamping structure in the first clamping direction is determined. Among them, the sequential connection order of the first clamping structure is the brazing sub-component base - brazing fixture bottom plate - brazing auxiliary pressing block - brazing strengthening cover plate. The brazing sub-component is the pre-welding target, and the brazing sub-component base is the adjacent structure of the brazing sub-component; taking the second side of the brazing sub-component as the second clamping direction, the second clamping structure in the second clamping direction is determined. Among them, the sequential connection relationship of the second clamping structure is the brazing sub-component cover plate - brazing fixture cover plate - brazing auxiliary pressing block - brazing strengthening cover plate. The brazing sub-component cover plate is the adjacent structure of the brazing sub-component; among them, the first clamping structure and the second clamping structure are mirror-assembled centered on the brazing sub-component, and are clamped and fixed based on the hole penetration of the screw and the diagonal balance force lock of the nut.

[0022] Preferably, during the brazing clamping process, first take the first side of the brazing sub-component as the clamping direction, and clarify the specific composition of the first clamping structure in this clamping direction. The connection sequence of the first clamping structure is the brazing sub-component base, the brazing fixture base plate, the brazing auxiliary pressing block, and the brazing reinforcement cover plate. The brazing sub-component base is an adjacent structure of the brazing sub-component, directly contacting the brazing sub-component, playing a role in stable support. The brazing sub-component is the core part of the entire welding assembly and the main target object for welding operations. The brazing fixture base plate provides a foundation for the entire clamping structure to ensure its stability during the force application process. The brazing auxiliary pressing block is used to provide additional uniform pressure to the brazing sub-component to prevent loose clamping caused by fixture deformation or uneven force. The brazing reinforcement cover plate is located at the top layer to further consolidate the clamping structure and enhance the strength and stability of the overall clamping. If the second side of the brazing sub-component is taken as the clamping direction, then the sequential connection relationship of the second clamping structure corresponding to this direction is the brazing sub-component cover plate, the brazing fixture cover plate, the brazing auxiliary pressing block, and the brazing reinforcement cover plate. The brazing sub-component cover plate, as an adjacent structure of the brazing sub-component, directly contacts the top of the brazing sub-component, playing a role in covering and protecting. The brazing fixture cover plate serves as the base of the upper structure to ensure the smoothness of the entire clamping. The brazing auxiliary pressing block is similar to the first side, avoiding looseness and gaps in the clamping by applying uniform pressure. The brazing reinforcement cover plate corresponds to the first side, enhancing the overall clamping force to ensure that there is no clamping looseness due to heat or external force during the welding process. The clamping structures on both sides are centered on the brazing sub-component, forming a mirror-symmetrical layout. The clamping is achieved by passing a screw through the preset holes of the brazing fixture and then locking it with nuts in a diagonal balance manner. The diagonal balance locking design can effectively disperse the clamping pressure, avoid deformation or deviation caused by single-point force, and at the same time maintain the symmetry and stability of the clamping state. The design of the entire clamping structure fully considers the requirements for clamping accuracy during the brazing process, which helps to improve the welding quality and production efficiency.

[0023] Based on the brazing clamping device and the clamping limit conditions, a mechanical simulation module is built, wherein the mechanical simulation module conducts clamping evaluation by setting limit point clouds.

[0024] In one embodiment, during the brazing clamping operation, to ensure the accuracy and reliability of clamping, a mechanical simulation module is constructed based on the obtained brazing clamping device and its set clamping limit conditions. The core function of this module is to simulate and analyze the forces, displacements, and limit states during the clamping process, so as to evaluate the effectiveness and stability of clamping; the realization of the mechanical simulation module depends on the setting of the limit point cloud. The limit point cloud is a set of spatial points distributed at the key parts of the clamping device and the brazed sub-components. Through the three-dimensional positions and distribution characteristics of these points, the deformations, clearances, and clamping errors that may occur during the clamping process can be accurately described. In the simulation, the limit point cloud is used as an evaluation criterion to detect whether the clamping structure meets the limit conditions. For example, the tightness of clamping, the alignment of the clamping parts, and the uniformity of the force. Through the mechanical simulation module, the clamping parameters can be dynamically adjusted to detect whether the clamping state meets the expectations. If problems are found, such as insufficient force in some areas or the existence of clearances, the mechanical simulation module will feedback this information to provide a basis for subsequent clamping optimization; ultimately, this evaluation method based on mechanical simulation and the limit point cloud can significantly improve the clamping accuracy and ensure the stability and quality consistency of the brazed sub-components during the welding process.

[0025] When building the mechanical simulation module, the system terminal first obtains the geometric structure, material properties, connection relationships of clamping components, etc. of the brazing clamping device, such as the first clamping structure and the second clamping structure of the clamping device, as well as the shape and size information of the brazing sub-components. These parameters are the basic data for mechanical simulation. Subsequently, using finite element analysis (FEA) tools or mechanical simulation software, a complete three-dimensional model of the brazing clamping device is built. The first clamping structure and the second clamping structure are imported into the model according to the mirror layout respectively, and the interaction areas (such as contact surfaces or clamping areas) of the clamping components are marked in the model to clarify the connection relationships between the components. Then, corresponding material properties (such as elastic modulus, Poisson's ratio, density, etc.) are assigned to each component in the clamping module. At the same time, according to the clamping limit conditions, boundary constraint conditions are set. For example, the fixed point position, force direction, and clamping range are determined to ensure that the mechanical simulation can truly reflect the clamping behavior. After that, limit point clouds are arranged in the key contact areas between the clamping device and the brazing sub-components to describe and constrain the geometric states of each position point during the clamping process. These point clouds cover the key areas in the axial and radial directions of the clamping, and their layout is based on the design characteristics of the clamping device and the geometric characteristics of the brazing sub-components. Then, based on classical mechanics and finite element analysis theory, a system of equations describing the relationship between force and displacement during clamping is established, that is, the loading points of the clamping pressure and the force distribution method are set, the contact relationship between the clamping components is described, the friction and pressure action models between the contact surfaces are defined, and the geometric constraint conditions of the limit point clouds are defined to ensure that the model can reflect the actual state of clamping limit. Then, numerical calculation algorithms (such as finite element method, rigid body dynamics algorithm, etc.) are introduced to solve the above system of mechanical model equations. The algorithm is combined with the three-dimensional geometric model and material parameters to form a complete mechanical simulation module. This module has the ability to accurately simulate the clamping process and can provide a comprehensive description of the clamping conditions for subsequent operations.

[0026] Determine the relationship between the pre-clamping pressure and the pre-clamping limit, and perform clamping simulation and state evaluation in combination with the mechanical simulation module. Through iterative adjustment of the simulation, a clamping positioning strategy is output. Among them, the clamping state is evaluated based on the point cloud limit, and there is a compensation based on the welding scenario in the state evaluation.

[0027] In one embodiment, according to the design requirements of the brazing clamping device and the physical properties of the brazing sub-components, initial pre-clamping pressure and pre-clamping limit conditions are set. The pre-clamping pressure is the force expected to be applied to the clamping structure to ensure close contact between the brazing sub-components and the clamping device, including magnitude and direction of action. The pre-clamping limit relationship is the pre-determined boundary conditions of the clamping state, which defines the range of point cloud limits during the clamping process, such as the minimum gap and maximum deformation within the clamping area. This step provides clear boundary constraints for subsequent simulations. Subsequently, in the established mechanical simulation module, the specific process of the pre-clamping pressure acting on the clamping device and the brazing sub-components is simulated in combination with the pre-clamping limit relationship, that is, the pre-clamping pressure is applied to the first clamping structure and the second clamping structure to simulate the clamping action, and the displacement, deformation, and pressure distribution of each key position during the clamping process are recorded using the limit point cloud, and then it is detected whether the clamping state meets the pre-clamping limit relationship. For example, whether the brazing sub-components are fully fitted to the fixture and whether there are gaps, etc. After the simulation is completed, the clamping state is analyzed. If the clamping state does not meet the expectations, such as the limit conditions are not met or there are abnormal deformations between the point clouds, compensation adjustments are made in combination with the actual welding scenario (such as welding temperature, material thermal expansion characteristics). The compensation measures may include adjusting the pressure distribution, changing the limit conditions, etc. Through multiple iterations, the force uniformity and fitting degree during the clamping process are optimized until the expectations are met to ensure the stability of the brazing sub-components in high-precision clamping. After the iterative adjustment is completed, a complete set of clamping and positioning strategies will be generated, including the optimal pre-clamping pressure, pre-clamping limit relationship, etc. This strategy is used as the final solution for the clamping process to ensure that the brazing sub-components can maintain high-precision positioning and stability during the subsequent welding process.

[0028] Furthermore, the present application provides a method for performing clamping simulation and state evaluation in combination with the mechanical simulation module, and outputting a clamping and positioning strategy through iterative adjustment simulation, including:

[0029] The pre-clamping pressure includes a first clamping pressure and a second clamping pressure. The first clamping pressure acts on the first clamping structure and includes a pressure orientation and a pressure vector. Based on the pre-clamping pressure and the pre-clamping limit relationship, a pressure application and clamping simulation are performed in the mechanical simulation module to determine the clamping state. According to the clamping state, a clamping limit evaluation is performed to output the clamping and positioning strategy, which includes a point cloud limit evaluation based on the clamping axis and the clamping radius.

[0030] Preferably, the pre-clamping pressure consists of two parts, namely the first clamping pressure and the second clamping pressure. Among them, the first clamping pressure acts on the first clamping structure to ensure that the first side of the brazing sub-component is properly fixed. This pressure not only has a magnitude but also a specific pressure orientation (i.e., the direction of the applied pressure) and a pressure vector (i.e., the specific mechanical distribution of the pressure action). The setting of these parameters will directly affect the clamping state, and it is necessary to ensure that the pressure is evenly distributed in the first clamping structure to avoid local overpressure or over-loosening. The second clamping pressure acts on the second clamping structure to ensure that the other side of the brazing sub-component is equally tightened. The magnitude and direction of this part of the pressure also need to be reasonably configured to form a balance with the first clamping pressure to ensure the stability of the brazing sub-component during the clamping process; in the constructed mechanical simulation module, the pre-clamping pressure is applied to the clamping structure, and the corresponding first and second clamping pressures are respectively applied at the corresponding positions of the first and second clamping structures to simulate how these pressures act on the brazing sub-component and the clamping structure, and record their stress states and deformation conditions. The application method of the pressure is calculated according to the mechanical equations in the simulation to ensure that the pressure direction and magnitude at each application point meet the design requirements; based on the applied pre-clamping pressure and the pre-clamping limit relationship, the clamping simulation is run in the mechanical simulation module to determine the contact state, stress uniformity between the brazing sub-component and the clamping device, and whether there are inappropriate deformations or gaps, and record the deformation conditions of each contact point to obtain the clamping state; subsequently, according to the clamping state obtained from the simulation, the limit evaluation is carried out, that is, for the clamping axis, the limit evaluation between the clamping pieces of the first clamping structure is carried out, and then the limit evaluation of the mirror clamping piece pair between the first clamping structure and the second clamping structure is carried out to determine the clamping limit state of the currently used pre-clamping pressure and the pre-clamping limit relationship; after that, based on the brazing condition relationship and the brazing parameter control information, this clamping limit state is compensated to ensure that during subsequent welding, it is still in the best clamping state under high temperature, high pressure, etc. For the compensated clamping limit state, the system terminal will compare it with the limit qualified limit value to judge whether the current pre-clamping pressure and the pre-clamping limit relationship meet the requirements of the current business. If it meets, the clamping positioning strategy will be generated and output, including the specific clamping pressure and the clamping limit relationship, to ensure that the brazing sub-component maintains a stable and accurate position during the clamping process and provides a stable reference for the next welding operation. On the contrary, if it does not meet, multiple limit optimizations and mechanical optimizations will be carried out to obtain new clamping pressure and clamping limit relationship as the pre-clamping pressure and the pre-clamping limit relationship, and the above process will be repeated until the requirements of the limit qualified limit value are met. By applying the pre-clamping pressure and conducting detailed clamping simulation and point cloud evaluation in the mechanical simulation module, the clamping state is successfully evaluated, and based on the point cloud limit evaluation in the clamping axis and the radial direction, the optimized clamping positioning strategy is output. This process helps to ensure the high precision of the clamping and provides sufficient guarantee for the subsequent welding operation.

[0031] Furthermore, the present application provides a clamping limit evaluation, including:

[0032] For the clamping axis, a first limit point cloud is determined based on a preset interval, where the preset interval is a dynamic interval; based on the first limit point cloud, a limit evaluation between clamping pieces of the first clamping structure is performed to determine a first limit state, where the evaluation is performed with absolute parallel limits; a limit evaluation of mirror clamping piece pairs between the first clamping structure and the second clamping structure is performed to determine a second limit state; based on the first limit state and the second limit state, a clamping limit state is determined.

[0033] Optionally, during the clamping process, the system terminal first defines a preset interval in the clamping axis direction, that is, the initial spacing between the clamping pieces. This interval is dynamic and will be adjusted according to the actual clamping situation to adapt to different brazing sub-components and clamping structures. Subsequently, according to the brazing clamping structure and the geometric shape of the brazing sub-component, the distribution area of the limit point cloud is determined. These areas usually include the contact surfaces of the clamping pieces and the surfaces in contact with the brazing sub-component. To ensure the clamping accuracy, the point cloud needs to cover the key positions of the clamping pieces, especially the parts where deformation or asymmetric changes may occur. After determining the distribution area, the system terminal randomly extracts multiple key points from the determined distribution area to form the first limit point cloud. This first limit point cloud is randomly distributed and aims to cover the key areas of the clamping pieces. Each point cloud represents a spatial point at a certain position during the clamping process and records the positional relationship between the clamping pieces. The distribution density of the point cloud is determined by the preset interval. The smaller the interval, the denser the point cloud distribution, and vice versa. By analyzing these point clouds, the absolute parallel relationship between the clamping pieces can be determined to ensure that the gaps between the contact surfaces are uniform during the clamping process and that unqualified welding joints will not occur due to deformation of the fixture or uneven local stress. After that, an absolute parallel limit standard is set. This standard requires that the contact surfaces between the clamping pieces must be completely parallel to ensure that the gap between the two clamping pieces is uniform and there is no deviation. To evaluate this parallelism, the system terminal calculates the normal direction of the contact surface of the clamping piece. The normal is a vector perpendicular to the contact surface and can help judge the inclination of the clamping piece. When calculating the normal vector of each point cloud data point, the system terminal will select several adjacent points around each point and use the spatial coordinates of these adjacent points to fit a plane by the least squares method. This plane can represent the geometric characteristics of the local surface. The plane equation is Ax + By + Cz + D = 0, where (A, B, C) is the normal vector of the plane and D is the plane offset. By solving this system of equations, the normal vector of the plane can be obtained. According to the normal direction of the plane, the orientation of the surface where the point is located can be determined, and then it can be judged whether the clamping pieces are parallel. If the difference between the normal directions of the two clamping pieces is too large, it means that the clamping pieces are not parallel, which may lead to uneven clamping and affect the quality of the welding joint. In addition, it is also necessary to further calculate the gap between the point clouds on the contact surface to ensure that the distance between the contact surfaces is within the allowable range. By using the position information in the point cloud data, calculate the distance between each point on the contact surface of the clamping piece and the corresponding contact surface to judge whether the contact surface is in uniform contact. If the gap is too large or too small, it may cause uneven stress on the clamping parts, thus affecting the stability of subsequent welding.During the evaluation process, all results will be comprehensively considered. By checking the parallelism of the normal vectors and the size of the contact surface gap, the first limiting state is determined. If the normal vectors between the clamping pieces are completely parallel, and the contact surface gap is uniform and meets the requirements, the first limiting state is qualified, and the current evaluation parameters (such as normal deviation angle, gap size, etc.) and pressure parameters (the first clamping pressure) are recorded. Otherwise, it is unqualified, and the current evaluation parameters and pressure parameters are recorded. After completing the limiting evaluation of the first clamping structure, the limiting evaluation of the second clamping structure is carried out. Since the first clamping structure and the second clamping structure are mirror-symmetrically assembled, similar to the first clamping structure, first obtain the second limiting point cloud of the second clamping structure, which represents the three-dimensional coordinate data of the key contact points of the second clamping structure. Based on the symmetry of the first clamping structure and the second clamping structure, the system terminal pairs the point clouds in the first clamping structure and the second clamping structure, and checks the spatial position relationship of the clamping pieces on both sides. Since they are mirror-assembled, it should be ensured that the contact points, normal directions, and force directions of each pair of clamping pieces are consistent on both sides of the symmetry axis. Therefore, the distance, angle, normal direction, etc. between each point cloud and its mirror point cloud are evaluated, and the normal deviation angle and gap size are calculated. If the normal deviation angle or gap size does not meet the requirements, at this time, the second limiting state is unqualified, and the current evaluation parameters and pressure parameters (the second clamping pressure) are recorded. Otherwise, it is qualified, and the current evaluation parameters and pressure parameters are recorded. Finally, the first limiting state and the second limiting state are successively added to the clamping limiting state for subsequent compensation and verification, ensuring that the entire clamping structure can achieve precise docking and uniform force application whether on one side or both sides, providing high-precision clamping positioning for subsequent welding operations.

[0034] Further, after determining the clamping limiting state, the present application includes:

[0035] Determine the first material property of the brazing clamping device and the second material property of the brazing sub-component; call the welding records with homologous material properties, and explore the compressive deformation property and high-temperature deformation property under the superposition of the first material property and the second material property to determine the brazing condition relationship of pressure-temperature-deformation; interact with the brazing parameter control information, and based on the brazing condition relationship, compensate the clamping limiting state.

[0036] Optionally, after determining the clamping limit state, in order to ensure that the best clamping state can be maintained during the welding process, the system terminal compensates the clamping limit state based on the material properties. In this process, first, the first material properties of the brazing clamping device and the second material properties of the brazing sub-component are obtained. Among them, the first material properties refer to the physical and mechanical properties of the material used for the brazing clamping device, including its elastic modulus, coefficient of thermal expansion, compressive strength, etc. These properties directly affect the distribution of the clamping force, the force deformation during the clamping process, and the performance at high temperatures. The second material properties refer to the material properties of the brazing sub-component, usually including the properties of the base material or filler metal in contact with the clamping part, such as the melting point, thermal conductivity, coefficient of thermal expansion, yield strength, etc. of the material. Especially during the high-temperature brazing process, these properties of the material will significantly affect the quality of the brazed joint and the overall welding process. After obtaining the basic properties of the material, the system terminal extracts the welding records with homologous material properties from the known welding records with the first material properties and the second material properties as constraints, that is, retrieves the records of previous brazing experiments or production on the same or similar materials. These records provide the welding performance of the material under different pressures and temperatures, including information such as its deformation characteristics, pressure characteristics, temperature characteristics, etc. After obtaining these historical records, the system terminal constructs a linear relationship model in the form of ; where is the deformation, is the influence coefficient of pressure on deformation, P is the applied pressure, is the influence coefficient of temperature on deformation, T is the temperature during the welding process, is a constant term; subsequently, the least squares method (or other regression algorithms) is used to fit the historical records to obtain the linear relationship between pressure, temperature, and deformation. Through multiple fittings and adjustments, the optimal fitting coefficients are determined. Then, the historical records not used for fitting are used to verify the current linear relationship model. If the prediction accuracy of the model meets the requirements, it indicates that the linear relationship is reasonable. Otherwise, the fitting parameters are adjusted or other linear models (such as quadratic fitting) are used until the model can accurately reflect the relationship between pressure, temperature, and deformation; when the verification process is passed, the system terminal uses the current linear relationship model as the brazing condition relationship of pressure-temperature-deformation; once the brazing condition relationship of pressure-temperature-deformation is established, the system terminal compensates for the clamping limit state. The goal of the compensation is to ensure that the clamping state remains optimal throughout the brazing process, even under high temperatures, and the influence of material deformation or shape change is controlled. During the compensation process, it interacts with the control system of the welding equipment to obtain the brazing parameter control information, including the pressure parameters and temperature parameters during the brazing process. By mapping the brazing parameter control information to the brazing condition relationship, the predicted deformation is calculated according to the linear relationship model corresponding to the brazing condition relationship. Then, this deformation is compared with the negligible deformation range. If the deformation is not within the negligible deformation range, the negligible deformation closest to this deformation is used, and the compensation pressure parameter is calculated in combination with the temperature parameter and the brazing condition relationship. Then, this compensation pressure parameter is used to update the pressure parameter in the clamping limit state, and the aforementioned evaluation process is carried out again, recording the latest evaluation parameters to ensure the accuracy of subsequent verification, so that the brazing sub-components and the clamping device can maintain precise docking.

[0037] Furthermore, after determining the clamping limit state, the present application includes:

[0038] Identify the clamping limit state. If it is a qualified limit state, use the pre-clamping pressure and the pre-clamping limit relationship as the clamping positioning strategy; if it is an unqualified limit state, perform limit optimization and mechanical optimization based on the clamping limit state, execute the pressure application clamping simulation verification, and through iterative adjustment until a qualified limit state is reached, and output the clamping positioning strategy.

[0039] Optionally, after the compensation is completed, the system terminal compares the new evaluation parameters in the clamping limit state with the corresponding thresholds. If all the evaluation parameters are within the corresponding constraint ranges, it is determined that the current clamping limit state is qualified for clamping. At this time, it indicates that the current applied pressure and temperature have reached the ideal clamping state. The system terminal will directly maintain the current pre-clamping pressure (i.e., the updated one using the compensation pressure parameter) and the limit relationship, and output it as the clamping positioning strategy, transmitting it to the numerical control system of the welding equipment to continue the welding operation. However, if the clamping limit state is unqualified, the system terminal will enter the optimization process. First, based on the currently identified unqualified clamping limit state, limit optimization and mechanical optimization are carried out. The goal of limit optimization is to adjust the applied pressure and the position of the clamping device to ensure that the contact surfaces are parallel and the pressure distribution is uniform, while avoiding excessive deformation of the material at high temperatures. Mechanical optimization is to ensure that the forces on the clamping parts and the brazing sub-parts are uniform and meet the mechanical requirements on the basis of limit optimization, avoiding excessive local stress causing deformation. For example, when the normal deviation angle is too large, it may be due to inaccurate positioning of the clamping device, resulting in the deviation of the normal between the contact surfaces. At this time, the relative position between the clamps will be reduced to minimize the normal angle between the contact surface and the brazing sub-part. When the gap is too large, it means that the contact surfaces are not in full contact, and the pressure needs to be increased to reduce the gap and ensure tight contact of the contact surfaces to avoid insecure welding. If the gap is too small, it may cause local overpressure, resulting in non-uniform deformation or excessive compaction of the material at this place. At this time, the pressure needs to be reduced to avoid excessive local deformation and keep the gap within a suitable range. After completing the limit optimization and mechanical optimization, the system terminal will obtain the new pre-clamping pressure and the pre-clamping limit relationship, and perform the aforementioned simulation evaluation according to the new pre-clamping pressure and the pre-clamping limit relationship to verify whether the current adjustment can meet the clamping requirements. If the simulation verification result still does not meet the limit requirements, it will enter the iterative adjustment process. After each adjustment, the simulation verification will be re-executed to ensure that the adjusted applied pressure and clamping state can achieve the ideal effect.

[0040] Transmit the clamping positioning strategy to the numerical control center of the welding equipment to perform clamping control on the brazing clamping device.

[0041] In one embodiment, after determining the clamping positioning strategy, the system terminal converts the clamping positioning strategy into clamping control parameters and transmits them to the numerical control center of the welding equipment to ensure that the brazing clamping device can operate according to the precise control requirements during the welding process. After receiving these strategies, the numerical control center will automatically adjust and control the position, pressure, and other related settings of the clamping device to ensure that the contact surfaces during the clamping process are parallel, the forces are uniform, and any deformation is avoided, thereby ensuring the high precision and stability of the entire welding process and ultimately optimizing the welding quality to avoid welding defects caused by improper clamping.

[0042] Further, the present application provides a method for transmitting the clamping and positioning strategy to the numerical control center of a welding device, including:

[0043] Interact with the clamping control parameters of the welding device to determine the control parameter conversion relationship between the clamping and positioning features and the clamping control parameters; identify the clamping and positioning strategy, and based on the control parameter conversion relationship, determine the clamping control parameters; transmit the clamping control parameters to the numerical control center of the welding device to perform automatic clamping control.

[0044] Preferably, after interacting with the clamping control parameters of the welding device, the system terminal first converts these features, such as the pressure direction, magnitude, relative position between the jigs, etc., in the clamping and positioning strategy into control parameter values that can be recognized and executed by the numerical control center. Specifically, the system terminal maps each parameter in the clamping and positioning strategy into control parameters acceptable to the numerical control center through the control parameter conversion relationship between the clamping and positioning features obtained through interaction. These conversion relationships include, but are not limited to, converting the pressure direction into a numerical form and converting the relative position between the jigs into a specific displacement amount. Through this conversion, it is ensured that the numerical control center can accurately understand and process each parameter in the clamping strategy; after completing these conversions, the system terminal matches each specific clamping control parameter with the corresponding control instructions according to the determined control parameter conversion relationship. These instructions guide the numerical control center on how to precisely apply pressure, adjust the position of the jigs, and ensure that the clamping state always remains in the optimal state during the welding process; the numerical control center adjusts the position of the clamping device, applies pressure, and controls the relative position of the jigs in real time through these control parameters to ensure the clamping accuracy and stability during the entire welding process.

[0045] In summary, the embodiments of the present application at least have the following technical effects:

[0046] In the embodiments of the present application, by obtaining the brazing clamping device and determining its clamping limit conditions, combining with the mechanical simulation module for clamping simulation and state evaluation, a clamping and positioning strategy is output; through pressure application clamping simulation verification and iterative adjustment, it is ensured that the clamping state is qualified. The optimization process includes compensation based on pressure, temperature, and deformation, as well as limit optimization and mechanical optimization. Finally, the optimized clamping control parameters are transmitted to the numerical control center of the welding device to achieve automatic clamping control and ensure the clamping stability and quality during the welding process. These technical effects together solve the technical problems of insufficient clamping accuracy and unstable welding joint quality caused by fixture deformation and uneven clamping in the existing brazing clamping methods. Through the clamping and positioning strategy combining point cloud limit evaluation, mechanical simulation module, and state compensation, the technical effects of improving the brazing clamping accuracy, optimizing the welding joint quality, and adapting to complex welding scenarios are achieved.

[0047] Embodiment 2. Based on the same inventive concept as the high-precision clamping and positioning method for special welding structure parts in the foregoing embodiment, as Figure 2 shown, the present application provides a high-precision clamping and positioning system for special welding structure parts. The system includes: a clamping limit condition determination unit 11: obtaining a brazing clamping device and determining the clamping limit conditions of the brazing clamping device, wherein the brazing clamping device includes a first clamping structure and a second clamping structure that are mirror-clamped; a mechanical simulation module building unit 12: building a mechanical simulation module based on the brazing clamping device and the clamping limit conditions, wherein the mechanical simulation module performs clamping evaluation by setting limit point clouds; a clamping positioning strategy output unit 13: determining the relationship between the pre-clamping pressure and the pre-clamping limit, performing clamping simulation and state evaluation in combination with the mechanical simulation module, and outputting a clamping positioning strategy through iterative adjustment of the simulation, wherein the clamping state is evaluated by point cloud limit, and the state evaluation has compensation based on the welding scenario; a clamping control unit 14: transmitting the clamping positioning strategy to the numerical control center of the welding equipment to perform clamping control on the brazing clamping device.

[0048] Furthermore, the clamping limit condition determination unit 11 is further configured to execute the following method:

[0049] Taking the first side of the brazing sub-component as the first clamping direction, determining the first clamping structure in the first clamping direction, wherein the sequential connection order of the first clamping structure is the brazing sub-component base - the brazing fixture bottom plate - the brazing auxiliary pressing block - the brazing strengthening cover plate, the brazing sub-component is the pre-welding target, and the brazing sub-component base is the adjacent structure of the brazing sub-component; taking the second side of the brazing sub-component as the second clamping direction, determining the second clamping structure in the second clamping direction, wherein the sequential connection relationship of the second clamping structure is the brazing sub-component cover plate - the brazing fixture cover plate - the brazing auxiliary pressing block - the brazing strengthening cover plate, and the brazing sub-component cover plate is the adjacent structure of the brazing sub-component; wherein, the first clamping structure and the second clamping structure are mirror assemblies centered on the brazing sub-component, and are clamped and fixed based on the hole penetration of the screw and the diagonal balance force locking of the nut.

[0050] Furthermore, the clamping positioning strategy output unit 13 is further configured to execute the following method:

[0051] The pre-clamping pressure includes a first clamping pressure and a second clamping pressure. The first clamping pressure acts on the first clamping structure and includes a pressure orientation and a pressure vector; based on the relationship between the pre-clamping pressure and the pre-clamping limit, a pressure application clamping simulation is performed in the mechanical simulation module to determine the clamping state; according to the clamping state, a clamping limit evaluation is performed, and the clamping positioning strategy is output, wherein it includes point cloud limit evaluation based on the clamping axis and the clamping radius.

[0052] Further, the clamping and positioning strategy output unit 13 is further configured to execute the following method:

[0053] For the clamping axis, determine a first limit point cloud based on a preset interval, where the preset interval is a dynamic interval; based on the first limit point cloud, perform a limit evaluation between clamping pieces of the first clamping structure to determine a first limit state, where the evaluation is performed with absolute parallel limit; perform a limit evaluation on mirror clamping piece pairs of the first clamping structure and the second clamping structure to determine a second limit state; based on the first limit state and the second limit state, determine the clamping limit state.

[0054] Further, the clamping and positioning strategy output unit 13 is further configured to execute the following method:

[0055] Determine the first material property of the brazing clamping device and the second material property of the brazing sub-component; call the welding records with the same material properties, and explore the compressive deformation property and high-temperature deformation property under the superposition of the first material property and the second material property to determine the brazing condition relationship of pressure-temperature-deformation; interact with the brazing parameter control information, and based on the brazing condition relationship, compensate the clamping limit state.

[0056] Further, the clamping and positioning strategy output unit 13 is further configured to execute the following method:

[0057] Identify the clamping limit state. If it is a qualified limit state, use the pre-clamping pressure and the pre-clamping limit relationship as the clamping and positioning strategy; if it is an unqualified limit state, perform limit optimization and mechanical optimization based on the clamping limit state, execute a pressure application clamping simulation check, and output the clamping and positioning strategy through iterative adjustment until a qualified limit state is reached.

[0058] Further, the clamping control unit 14 is further configured to execute the following method:

[0059] Interact with the clamping control parameters of the welding equipment to determine the control conversion relationship between the clamping positioning features and the clamping control parameters; identify the clamping and positioning strategy, and based on the control conversion relationship, determine the clamping control parameters; transmit the clamping control parameters to the numerical control center of the welding equipment to execute automated clamping control.

[0060] It should be noted that the above sequence of embodiments of the present application is only for description and does not represent the advantages or disadvantages of the embodiments. And the above describes specific embodiments of this specification. The processes depicted in the drawings do not necessarily require the specific order and continuous order shown to achieve the desired results. In some embodiments, multitasking and parallel processing are also possible or may be advantageous.

[0061] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the present application. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included within the protection scope of the present application.

[0062] This specification and the drawings are merely exemplary descriptions of the present application and are considered to cover any and all modifications, variations, combinations, or equivalents within the scope of the present application. Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present application without departing from the scope of the present application. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present application fall within the scope of the present application and its equivalent technologies, the present application is intended to include these changes and modifications.

Claims

1. A high-precision clamping and positioning method for special welding structure parts, characterized in that The method includes: Obtaining a brazing clamping device and determining the clamping limit conditions of the brazing clamping device, wherein the brazing clamping device includes a first clamping structure and a second clamping structure that are mirror-clamped; Based on the brazing clamping device and the clamping limit conditions, building a mechanical simulation module, wherein the mechanical simulation module performs clamping evaluation by setting limit point clouds; Determining the relationship between the pre-clamping pressure and the pre-clamping limit, and combining the mechanical simulation module to perform clamping simulation and state evaluation. By iteratively adjusting the simulation, an clamping positioning strategy is output, wherein the clamping state is evaluated based on point cloud limits, and there is compensation for the state evaluation based on the welding scenario; Transmitting the clamping positioning strategy to the numerical control center of the welding equipment to perform clamping control on the brazing clamping device; Among them, combining the mechanical simulation module to perform clamping simulation and state evaluation, and outputting an clamping positioning strategy by iteratively adjusting the simulation, including: The pre-clamping pressure includes a first clamping pressure and a second clamping pressure. The first clamping pressure acts on the first clamping structure and includes a pressure orientation and a pressure vector; Based on the relationship between the pre-clamping pressure and the pre-clamping limit, perform a pressure application clamping simulation in the mechanical simulation module to determine the clamping state; According to the clamping state, perform clamping limit evaluation and output the clamping positioning strategy, wherein the clamping limit evaluation includes point cloud limit evaluation based on the clamping axis and the clamping radius; Among them, performing clamping limit evaluation includes: For the clamping axis, determine a first limit point cloud based on a preset interval, wherein the preset interval is a dynamic interval; Based on the first limit point cloud, perform limit evaluation between clamping sheets of the first clamping structure to determine a first limit state, wherein the limit evaluation is performed with absolute parallel limits; Perform limit evaluation on the mirror clamping sheet pairs of the first clamping structure and the second clamping structure to determine a second limit state; Based on the first limit state and the second limit state, determine the clamping limit state; Among them, after determining the clamping limit state, it includes: Determining the first material property of the brazing clamping device and the second material property of the brazing sub-component; Calling welding records with the same material properties, mining the compression deformation property and high-temperature deformation property under the superposition of the first material property and the second material property, and determining the brazing condition relationship of pressure-temperature-deformation; Interact brazing parameter control information, and based on the brazing condition relationship, compensate the clamping limit state.

2. The high-precision clamping and positioning method for special welding structure parts according to claim 1, characterized in that The brazing clamping device includes a first clamping structure and a second clamping structure that are mirror-clamped, including: Taking the first side of the brazing sub-component as the first clamping direction, determining the first clamping structure in the first clamping direction, wherein the sequential connection order of the first clamping structure is the brazing sub-component base - brazing fixture bottom plate - brazing auxiliary pressing block - brazing strengthening cover plate, the brazing sub-component is the pre-welding target, and the brazing sub-component base is the adjacent structure of the brazing sub-component; Taking the second side of the brazing sub-component as the second clamping direction, determine the second clamping structure in the second clamping direction. Among them, the sequential connection relationship of the second clamping structure is the brazing sub-component cover plate - brazing fixture cover plate - brazing auxiliary pressing block - brazing reinforcement cover plate, and the brazing sub-component cover plate is the adjacent structure of the brazing sub-component; Among them, the first clamping structure and the second clamping structure are mirror assemblies centered on the brazing sub-component, and are clamped and fixed based on the hole penetration of the screw and the diagonal balance force lock based on the nut.

3. The high-precision clamping and positioning method for special welding structure parts according to claim 1, characterized in that After determining the clamping limit state, it includes: Identify the clamping limit state. If it is a qualified limit state, use the pre-clamping pressure and the pre-clamping limit relationship as the clamping positioning strategy; If it is an unqualified limit state, perform limit optimization and mechanical optimization based on the clamping limit state, execute the pressure application clamping simulation verification, and output the clamping positioning strategy until the qualified limit state is reached through iterative adjustment.

4. The high-precision clamping and positioning method for special welding structure parts according to claim 1, characterized in that, Transmit the clamping positioning strategy to the numerical control center of the welding equipment, including: Interact with the clamping control parameters of the welding equipment to determine the control parameter conversion relationship between the clamping positioning characteristics and the clamping control parameters; Identify the clamping positioning strategy, and determine the clamping control parameters based on the control parameter conversion relationship; Transmit the clamping control parameters to the numerical control center of the welding equipment to execute automatic clamping control.

5. A high-precision clamping and positioning system for special welded structure parts, characterized in that, The steps for implementing the high-precision clamping and positioning method for special welding structure parts described in any one of claims 1 to 4 include: Clamping limit condition determination unit: Obtain the brazing clamping device, and determine the clamping limit conditions of the brazing clamping device. Among them, the brazing clamping device includes a first clamping structure and a second clamping structure that are mirror-clamped; Mechanical simulation module building unit: Based on the brazing clamping device and the clamping limit conditions, build a mechanical simulation module. Among them, the mechanical simulation module performs clamping evaluation by setting limit point clouds; Clamping positioning strategy output unit: Determine the pre-clamping pressure and the pre-clamping limit relationship, combine with the mechanical simulation module to perform clamping simulation and state evaluation, and output the clamping positioning strategy through iterative adjustment simulation. Among them, the clamping state is evaluated by point cloud limit, and there is compensation based on the welding scenario in the state evaluation; Clamping control unit: Transmit the clamping positioning strategy to the numerical control center of the welding equipment to perform clamping control on the brazing clamping device.

Images