Method for bonding metal material and composite material

Abstract

According to the method for bonding the metal material and the composite material, a preset low-density powder layer Ti-Al-Zn and low-melting-point polybutylene terephthalate serve as a bonding layer of the two metal materials, bonding of the metal material and the composite material is achieved, the low-density powder layer is protected, and weight reduction is achieved; the method is a simple and effective method, can permanently bond metal and plastic parts together, and is suitable for a wide range of hybrid joining applications. The method can use irritant chemicals to the minimum degree, and therefore the method is suitable for large-scale industrial production.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention discloses a method for bonding a metal material and a composite material, belongs to the technical field of thermal processing, and relates to the improvement of the preparation process of a powder titanium alloy component. Background Art

[0002] Lightweighting of steel materials is currently the focus of research at home and abroad. In order to obtain structural parts with reduced weight and excellent performance, most of the energy at home and abroad has been devoted to the research and development of new materials, such as high-strength titanium alloys, aluminum alloys and magnesium alloys. However, it is extremely difficult for these materials to surpass steel materials in some performance aspects.

[0003] Composite materials have a very high weight-reducing effect and are the first choice for structural parts with lower operating temperatures. The solution for combining composite materials with metal materials is usually gluing or bolting, but these methods are not very reliable and often increase the difficulty of design due to the large difference in performance between the two materials. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention is designed to address the above-mentioned prior art situation and provides a method for bonding a metal material to a composite material, the purpose of which is to achieve the combination of the metal material and the composite material.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] The steps of the method for bonding metal materials and composite materials proposed by the present invention are as follows:

[0007] Step 1: Metal material preparation

[0008] Use mechanical processing methods to process grooves of corresponding size and position on the surfaces of the two metal plates to be bonded. The grooves penetrate the entire surface of the metal plates to be bonded to the edge. The width of the grooves is 2-5mm and the depth is 5-8mm. The roughness of the surfaces of the two metal plates to be bonded and the groove surfaces is not greater than 1.4. After the processing is completed, the surfaces of the two metal plates to be bonded and the groove surfaces are fully cleaned with gasoline, acetone and alcohol;

[0009] Step 2: Metal surface preparation

[0010] Ti powder, Al powder and Zn powder of equal mass are fully mixed under vacuum conditions, the particle size of Ti powder, Al powder and Zn powder is -350 to -400 mesh, and the mixed powder is spread on the surfaces of the two metal plates to be bonded and the bottom of the groove with a thickness of 3 mm, and then the surfaces of the two metal plates to be bonded are cold pressed at room temperature with a pressure of 500-800 MPa and a holding time of 10-16 hours. After this process, the mixed powder is a porous powder layer on the surfaces of the two metal plates to be bonded and is mechanically bonded to the surfaces of the two metal plates to be bonded;

[0011] Step 3: Composite material preparation

[0012] Prepare polybutylene terephthalate blocks with the same number as the grooves, wherein the length and width of the polybutylene terephthalate blocks are consistent with the grooves and form a transition fit, and the height of the polybutylene terephthalate blocks is 1.5-2 times the depth of the grooves;

[0013] Step 4: Docking of metal materials and composite materials

[0014] In a vacuum environment, the surfaces of two metal plates to be bonded are butted together, and the polybutylene terephthalate block is placed in the cavity formed by the corresponding grooves at the upper and lower sides;

[0015] Step 5: Hot Pressing and Sintering

[0016] Place the assembly formed after docking in step 4 into a vacuum hot pressing sintering furnace at a pressure of 100-300MPa and a temperature of 100-140°C for 2-4 hours. During this process, the polybutylene terephthalate block begins to melt and flows into the pores of the powder layer and the gap between the powder layer and the surfaces of the two metal plates to be bonded. Afterwards, increase the pressure to 500-800MPa and the temperature to 500-700°C for 1-3 hours. During this process, the polybutylene terephthalate block is completely melted and the powder layer undergoes plastic deformation. The powder begins to accumulate a large number of dislocations and begins to recover, but there is no recrystallization. After that, the pressure is increased again to 1000-1400MPa, the temperature is 1000-1200℃, and the temperature and pressure are maintained for 0.5-1h. During this process, part of the Ti powder and Al powder undergo thermal explosion reaction, and the pores generated by the thermal explosion reaction prompt the melted polybutylene terephthalate block to fill them. After that, it is cooled to room temperature. At this time, the two metal plates are completely combined through the polybutylene terephthalate block, and the bonding strength exceeds 30MPa.

[0017] During implementation, in step 1, the material of the metal plate is 4340 high-strength steel, and the thickness of the metal plate is 15-20 mm.

[0018] During implementation, in step 4, after the surfaces of the two metal plates to be bonded are butt-jointed and the polybutylene terephthalate block is clamped, the gap between the surfaces of the two metal plates to be bonded is between 1-3 mm.

[0019] The technical solution of the present invention has the following characteristics and beneficial effects:

[0020] 1. In the scheme of the present invention, a pre-set low-density powder layer Ti-Al-Zn and low-melting-point polybutylene terephthalate are used as a bonding layer of two metal materials, thereby realizing the bonding of metal materials and composite materials, protecting the low-density powder layer, and achieving weight reduction of about 20%;

[0021] Second, in the scheme of the present invention, when the polymer contacts the treated metal, it fills the tiny gaps on the surface of the metal material, thereby presenting a very significant mechanical interlocking phenomenon and achieving high connection strength;

[0022] 3. The present invention is a simple and effective method for permanently bonding metal and plastic parts together, which is suitable for a wide range of hybrid joining applications. It can minimize the use of harsh chemicals and is therefore suitable for large-scale industrial production.

[0023] Fourth, during the hot pressing process of thermoplastic composite laminates, excessive resistance to the movement of adjacent layers or interlayer friction will lead to process-induced defects, which just promote the mutual fusion of low-density powder layer Ti-Al-Zn and low-melting-point polybutylene terephthalate;

[0024] 5. The low-density powder layer and the steel material undergo a series of step operations from high stress and low temperature to low stress and low temperature, and finally to high stress and high temperature, so that the powder layer, steel material and composite material are perfectly combined together. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The technical solution of the invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments:

[0026] Example:

[0027] The steps of bonding metal materials and composite materials using the technical solution of the present invention are as follows:

[0028] Step 1: Metal material preparation

[0029] In this embodiment, a polybutylene terephthalate block is used to bond and fill between two metal plates.

[0030] The material of the metal plate is 4340 high-strength steel, and the thickness of the metal plate is 15-20 mm; grooves of corresponding size and position are processed on the surfaces of the two metal plates to be bonded by a mechanical processing method, and the grooves penetrate the entire surfaces of the metal plates to be bonded to the edges, and the width of the grooves is 2-5 mm, and the depth is 5-8 mm. The roughness of the surfaces of the two metal plates to be bonded and the groove surfaces is not greater than 1.4. After the processing is completed, the surfaces of the two metal plates to be bonded and the groove surfaces are fully cleaned with gasoline, acetone and alcohol;

[0031] Step 2: Metal surface preparation

[0032] Ti powder, Al powder and Zn powder of equal mass are fully mixed under vacuum conditions, the particle size of Ti powder, Al powder and Zn powder is -350 to -400 mesh, and the mixed powder is spread on the surfaces of the two metal plates to be bonded and the bottom of the groove with a thickness of 3 mm, and then the surfaces of the two metal plates to be bonded are cold pressed at room temperature with a pressure of 500-800 MPa and a holding time of 10-16 hours. After this process, the mixed powder is a porous powder layer on the surfaces of the two metal plates to be bonded and is mechanically bonded to the surfaces of the two metal plates to be bonded;

[0033] Step 3: Composite material preparation

[0034] Prepare polybutylene terephthalate blocks with the same number as the grooves, wherein the length and width of the polybutylene terephthalate blocks are consistent with the grooves and form a transition fit, and the height of the polybutylene terephthalate blocks is twice the depth of the grooves;

[0035] Step 4: Docking of metal materials and composite materials

[0036] In a vacuum environment, the surfaces of the two metal plates to be bonded are butted together, and the polybutylene terephthalate block is placed in the cavity formed by the upper and lower corresponding grooves; after butt-jointing, the gap between the surfaces of the two metal plates to be bonded is between 1-3 mm;

[0037] Step 5: Hot Pressing and Sintering

[0038] Place the assembly formed after docking in step 4 into a vacuum hot pressing sintering furnace at a pressure of 100-300MPa and a temperature of 100-140°C for 2-4 hours. During this process, the polybutylene terephthalate block begins to melt and flows into the pores of the powder layer and the gap between the powder layer and the surfaces of the two metal plates to be bonded. Afterwards, increase the pressure to 500-800MPa and the temperature to 500-700°C for 1-3 hours. During this process, the polybutylene terephthalate block is completely melted and the powder layer undergoes plastic deformation. The powder begins to accumulate a large number of dislocations and begins to recover, but there is no recrystallization. After that, the pressure is increased again to 1000-1400MPa, the temperature is 1000-1200℃, and the temperature and pressure are maintained for 0.5-1h. During this process, part of the Ti powder and Al powder undergo thermal explosion reaction, and the pores generated by the thermal explosion reaction prompt the melted polybutylene terephthalate block to fill them. After that, it is cooled to room temperature. At this time, the two metal plates are completely combined through the polybutylene terephthalate block, and the bonding strength exceeds 30MPa.

Claims

1. A method for bonding a metal material to a composite material, characterized in that: The steps of this method are as follows: Step 1: Metal material preparation Use mechanical processing methods to process grooves of corresponding size and position on the surfaces of the two metal plates to be bonded. The grooves penetrate the entire surface of the metal plates to be bonded to the edge. The width of the grooves is 2-5mm and the depth is 5-8mm. The roughness of the surfaces of the two metal plates to be bonded and the groove surfaces is not greater than 1.

4. After the processing is completed, the surfaces of the two metal plates to be bonded and the groove surfaces are fully cleaned with gasoline, acetone and alcohol; Step 2: Metal surface preparation Ti powder, Al powder and Zn powder of equal mass are fully mixed under vacuum conditions, the particle size of Ti powder, Al powder and Zn powder is -350 to -400 mesh, and the mixed powder is spread on the surfaces of the two metal plates to be bonded and the bottom of the groove with a thickness of 3 mm, and then the surfaces of the two metal plates to be bonded are cold pressed at room temperature with a pressure of 500-800 MPa and a holding time of 10-16 hours. After this process, the mixed powder is a porous powder layer on the surfaces of the two metal plates to be bonded and is mechanically bonded to the surfaces of the two metal plates to be bonded; Step 3: Composite material preparation Prepare polybutylene terephthalate blocks with the same number as the grooves, wherein the length and width of the polybutylene terephthalate blocks are consistent with the grooves and form a transition fit, and the height of the polybutylene terephthalate blocks is 1.5 to 2 times the depth of the grooves; Step 4: Docking of metal materials and composite materials In a vacuum environment, the surfaces of two metal plates to be bonded are butted together, and the polybutylene terephthalate block is placed in the cavity formed by the corresponding grooves at the upper and lower sides; Step 5: Hot Pressing and Sintering Place the assembly formed after docking in step 4 into a vacuum hot pressing sintering furnace at a pressure of 100-300MPa and a temperature of 100-140°C for 2-4 hours. During this process, the polybutylene terephthalate block begins to melt and flows into the pores of the powder layer and the gap between the powder layer and the surfaces of the two metal plates to be bonded. Afterwards, increase the pressure to 500-800MPa and the temperature to 500-700°C for 1-3 hours. During this process, the polybutylene terephthalate block is completely melted and the powder layer undergoes plastic deformation. The powder begins to accumulate a large number of dislocations and begins to recover, but there is no recrystallization. After that, the pressure is increased again to 1000-1400MPa, the temperature is 1000-1200℃, and the temperature and pressure are maintained for 0.5-1h. During this process, part of the Ti powder and Al powder undergo thermal explosion reaction, and the pores generated by the thermal explosion reaction prompt the melted polybutylene terephthalate block to fill them. After that, it is cooled to room temperature. At this time, the two metal plates are completely combined through the polybutylene terephthalate block, and the bonding strength exceeds 30MPa.

2. The method for bonding and filling between metals with composite materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 1, the material of the metal plate is 4340 high-strength steel, and the thickness of the metal plate is 15-20 mm.

3. The method for bonding and filling between metals with composite materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 4, after the surfaces of the two metal plates to be bonded are butt-jointed and the polybutylene terephthalate block is clamped, the gap between the surfaces of the two metal plates to be bonded is between 1-3 mm.