All-solid waste and waste gravel aggregate concrete material and preparation method thereof
By crushing, screening and surface treatment of solid waste, and using technical means such as coupling agents and water reducing agents, efficient all-solid waste waste sand and gravel aggregate concrete materials are prepared, which solves the problems of low solid waste utilization, unstable performance and complex process of traditional solid waste concrete, and has achieved significant improvement in concrete performance and efficient utilization of solid waste, providing new ideas for the sustainable development of the construction industry.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411938031.1
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-26
- Publication Date
- 2025-04-25
AI Technical Summary
The low solid waste utilization rate of traditional solid waste concrete, unstable concrete performance and complex preparation process, limit its wide application in the construction industry.
By crushing, screening and surface treatment of solid waste, using dilute acid solution to remove impurities and oxide layers, and spraying coupling agents to enhance the adhesion between the aggregate and the cement slurry, combined with the use of water reducing agent and expansion agent, an efficient all-solid waste waste gravel aggregate concrete material is prepared.
It has achieved efficient utilization of solid waste and significantly improved concrete performance, solved the problems of low solid waste utilization, unstable performance and complex process, and provided new ideas for the sustainable development of the construction industry.
Smart Images
Figure CN119874265A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of building materials, and in particular to a full-solid waste sand and gravel aggregate concrete material and a preparation method thereof. Background Art
[0002] With the acceleration of global industrialization and urbanization, the construction industry has an increasing demand for concrete materials. However, the traditional concrete preparation process often requires a large amount of natural sand and stone resources to be mined, which not only leads to the increasing depletion of natural resources, but also aggravates the damage to the ecological environment. At the same time, the accumulation of construction waste and industrial solid waste also brings serious environmental problems, such as occupying land resources, polluting water and air, etc.
[0003] In order to meet this challenge, in recent years, people have begun to explore the possibility of using solid waste materials to prepare concrete. However, traditional solid waste concrete preparation technology often has some problems, such as low solid waste utilization rate, unstable concrete performance, and complex preparation process. These problems limit the widespread application of solid waste concrete in the construction industry. Summary of the invention
[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a full-solid waste sand and gravel aggregate concrete material and a preparation method thereof, which solves the problems of low solid waste utilization rate, unstable concrete performance and complex preparation process of traditional solid waste concrete.
[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a full solid waste sand and gravel aggregate concrete material and a preparation method thereof, comprising the following steps:
[0006] The solid waste is crushed and screened to obtain waste sand and gravel aggregates that meet the standards for concrete sand and gravel aggregates;
[0007] Surface treatment of waste sand and gravel aggregates;
[0008] The surface treated waste sand and stone aggregate, cement and fly ash are mixed evenly in proportion to obtain a basic mixture;
[0009] Adding a water reducing agent and an expansion agent to the base mixture, and adding water, stirring evenly to obtain a concrete mixture;
[0010] Put the concrete mixture into a mold coated with a release agent, pound it evenly, and place it on a vibration table to vibrate and shape it;
[0011] The mold filled with concrete is placed under standard curing conditions and cured to the designed age to obtain all-solid waste sand and gravel aggregate concrete.
[0012] Among them, in “surface treatment of waste sand and stone aggregate”, the method also includes:
[0013] Pre-process waste sand and gravel aggregates;
[0014] The coupling agent is dissolved in a solvent and coated on the surface of the waste sand and gravel aggregate by spraying;
[0015] After the coating is completed, the waste sand and gravel aggregate coated with the coupling agent is solidified.
[0016] Wherein, in “pre-treating waste sand and gravel aggregates”, the method further comprises:
[0017] Mix the selected dilute acid with water to prepare a dilute acid solution;
[0018] Put the waste sand and gravel aggregate into a soaking container, and add an appropriate amount of dilute acid solution to soak the waste sand and gravel aggregate;
[0019] The soaked waste sand and gravel aggregates are taken out from the soaking container and rinsed with clean water;
[0020] The cleaned waste sand and gravel aggregates are dried.
[0021] Wherein, after “after coating, curing the waste sand and gravel aggregate coated with the coupling agent”, the method further comprises:
[0022] Cure at 80°C for 1-1.5 hours.
[0023] Among them, in the step of “dissolving the coupling agent in a solvent and applying it on the surface of the waste sand and gravel aggregate by spraying”, the method further comprises:
[0024] The coupling agent is a silane coupling agent or a titanate coupling agent.
[0025] Among them, in the step of “curing the mold filled with concrete to the designed age to obtain all-solid waste sand and gravel aggregate concrete”, the method further comprises:
[0026] The curing temperature is 20-22℃, the relative humidity is not less than 95%, and the curing time is 7-28 days.
[0027] A full-solid waste sand and gravel aggregate concrete material is prepared by adopting the full-solid waste sand and gravel aggregate concrete material preparation method.
[0028] The present invention discloses a full-solid waste sand and gravel aggregate concrete material and a preparation method thereof. First, the solid waste is crushed and screened, and then the waste sand and gravel aggregate is surface treated. Through the pretreatment step, the waste sand and gravel aggregate is soaked in a dilute acid solution to effectively remove impurities and oxide layers on its surface, thereby improving the surface properties of the aggregate. Subsequently, a silane coupling agent or a titanate coupling agent is dissolved in a solvent and uniformly coated on the surface of the waste sand and gravel aggregate by spraying. The coupling agent functions to enhance the interface bonding force between the aggregate and cement paste, thereby improving the overall strength of the concrete. When preparing a basic mixture, the present invention uniformly mixes the surface-treated waste sand and gravel aggregate, cement, and fly ash in proportion, and then adds a water reducer and an expansion agent to the basic mixture. agent, and add an appropriate amount of water, stir evenly to obtain a concrete mixture, the addition of a water reducing agent and an expansion agent helps to improve the working performance of concrete, improve its fluidity and self-compactness, and thus facilitate construction and pouring; the concrete mixture is loaded into a mold coated with a release agent, and after pounding, it is placed on a vibration table for vibration molding, and finally, the mold filled with concrete is placed under standard curing conditions and cured to the designed age; in summary, the present invention provides a full-solid waste sand and gravel aggregate concrete material and a preparation method thereof, which realizes efficient utilization of solid waste and significant improvement of concrete performance, and not only solves the problems of low solid waste utilization rate, unstable concrete performance and complex preparation process of traditional solid waste concrete, but also provides new ideas and solutions for the sustainable development of the construction industry. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0029] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art are briefly introduced below.
[0030] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of the method for preparing all-solid waste sand and gravel aggregate concrete material of the present invention.
[0031] Figure 2 It is a specific flow chart of step S102 of the present invention.
[0032] Figure 3 It is a specific flow chart of step S201 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0033] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to be used to explain the present invention, but should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
[0034] See also Figures 1 to 3 ,in Figure 1 This is a flow chart of the method for preparing all-solid waste sand and gravel aggregate concrete materials. Figure 2is a specific flow chart of step S102, Figure 3 It is a specific flowchart of step S201.
[0035] The present invention provides a method for preparing a solid waste sand and gravel aggregate concrete material, comprising the following steps:
[0036] S101: crushing and screening the solid waste to obtain waste sand and gravel aggregates that meet the standards for concrete sand and gravel aggregates.
[0037] Specifically, solid waste materials are collected from various sources such as industrial waste and construction waste, and the collected solid waste needs to be preliminarily classified to remove non-aggregate components such as metals and plastics to ensure smooth subsequent processing; the classified solid waste materials are sent to the crusher for crushing. The type of crusher can be selected according to the hardness and size of the solid waste. Common crushing equipment includes jaw crusher, impact crusher, cone crusher, etc. The purpose of crushing is to crush the solid waste materials into smaller particles for subsequent screening and processing; the crushed solid waste particles are sent to the screening equipment for screening. Through screening, waste sand and gravel aggregates of different particle size ranges can be obtained. These aggregates need to meet the standard requirements of concrete sand and gravel aggregates, such as particle size distribution, mud content, needle-like content, etc.
[0038] S102: Surface treatment of waste sand and gravel aggregates.
[0039] Specifically, according to the properties and treatment requirements of the waste sand and stone aggregates, a suitable dilute acid (such as hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, etc.) is selected and mixed with water in a predetermined ratio to prepare a dilute acid solution; the waste sand and stone aggregates after crushing and screening are placed in a special soaking container, and then an appropriate amount of dilute acid solution is added. During the soaking process, the dilute acid will penetrate into the surface of the aggregate to remove impurities, oxide layers and some attachments on the surface, thereby improving the surface microstructure and wettability of the aggregate; after the soaking is completed, the waste sand and stone aggregates are taken out of the soaking container and rinsed with clean water to remove the residual dilute acid solution and impurities; the rinsed aggregates need to be fully dried, and the drying can be done by It can be achieved by natural air drying or using drying equipment; on the surface of the dried waste sand and stone aggregate, the coupling agent dissolved in the solvent is evenly coated on the surface of the aggregate by spraying. The coupling agent (such as silane coupling agent, titanate coupling agent, etc.) can enhance the interfacial bonding between the aggregate and the cement paste, and improve the mechanical properties and durability of the concrete; the waste sand and stone aggregate after coating the coupling agent needs to be cured to ensure the chemical bonding between the coupling agent and the surface of the aggregate; the curing is carried out at 80°C and lasts for 1-1.5 hours. During the curing process, the coupling agent will react with functional groups such as hydroxyl groups on the surface of the aggregate to form a strong chemical bond, thereby enhancing the bonding strength between the aggregate and the cement paste.
[0040] S103: The surface treated waste sand and gravel aggregate, cement and fly ash are mixed evenly in proportion to obtain a basic mixture.
[0041] Specifically, the proportion of waste sand and stone aggregate is 60%-75%; the proportion of cement is 15%-30%; the proportion of fly ash is 5%-20%. According to the above proportions, the weighed waste sand and stone aggregate, cement and fly ash are put into the mixer and mixed thoroughly.
[0042] S104: Add a water reducing agent and an expansion agent to the base mixture, and add water, stir evenly to obtain a concrete mixture.
[0043] Specifically, the amount of water reducer added is 0.1%-1.0% of the basic mixture, and the amount of expansion agent added is 1%-5% of the basic mixture; a determined amount of water reducer and expansion agent are first mixed with part of the water to form a uniform solution, and then added to the basic mixture, and then the remaining water is added and fully stirred.
[0044] S105: The concrete mixture is placed into a mold coated with a release agent, pounded evenly, and placed on a vibration table for vibration molding.
[0045] Specifically, firstly, a suitable mold is selected according to the required size and shape of the concrete product. To ensure that the concrete product can be demoulded smoothly, a layer of mold release agent needs to be evenly applied to the inner wall of the mold. The selection of the mold release agent is determined according to the material of the concrete and the material of the mold. Commonly used mold release agents include oils, waxes, emulsions, etc., which are not limited here; the evenly stirred concrete mixture is loaded into the prepared mold. During the filling process, the filling speed and filling amount of the concrete are controlled to avoid excessive pressure or voids in the concrete in the mold; the filled mold is placed on a vibration table for vibration molding to further eliminate bubbles and voids in the concrete and improve the density and strength of the concrete.
[0046] S106: Curing the mold filled with concrete to the designed age to obtain all-solid waste sand and gravel aggregate concrete.
[0047] Specifically, the curing temperature is controlled at 20-22°C, the relative humidity is not less than 95%, and the curing time is 7 days to 28 days.
[0048] The present invention discloses a method for preparing a concrete material of all-solid waste sand and gravel aggregates. By means of crushing, screening and surface treatment, the solid waste materials originally regarded as waste are converted into waste sand and gravel aggregates that meet the standards of concrete sand and gravel aggregates, thereby realizing efficient recycling of solid waste resources. The waste sand and gravel aggregates are pre-treated and coated with coupling agents on the surface, which effectively improves the surface properties of the aggregates, enhances the interfacial bonding between the aggregates and the cement paste, thereby improving the overall strength, durability and impermeability of the concrete. At the same time, the addition of water reducers and expansion agents further improves the working performance and mechanical properties of the concrete, so that the concrete has better fluidity and self-compactness, which is convenient for construction and pouring. The preparation method of the present invention is relatively simple, easy to operate and control. Through standardized production processes, large-scale production and quality control of concrete can be realized, and production efficiency is improved. At the same time, the method is also applicable to different types of solid waste materials, and has strong adaptability and flexibility.
[0049] In summary, the all-solid waste sand and gravel aggregate concrete material and the preparation method thereof of the present invention not only achieve the efficient utilization of solid waste resources and significantly improve the performance of concrete, but also provide new ideas and solutions for the sustainable development of the construction industry.
[0050] A full-solid waste sand and gravel aggregate concrete material is prepared by adopting the full-solid waste sand and gravel aggregate concrete material preparation method.
[0051] What is disclosed above is only one or more preferred embodiments of the present application, and cannot be used to limit the scope of rights of the present application. Ordinary technicians in this field can understand that all or part of the processes of implementing the above embodiments and equivalent changes made according to the claims of the present application are still within the scope covered by the present application.
Claims
1. A method for preparing all-solid waste sand and gravel aggregate concrete material, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: The solid waste is crushed and screened to obtain waste sand and gravel aggregates that meet the standards for concrete sand and gravel aggregates; Surface treatment of waste sand and gravel aggregates; The surface treated waste sand and stone aggregate, cement and fly ash are mixed evenly in proportion to obtain a basic mixture; Adding a water reducing agent and an expansion agent to the base mixture, and adding water, stirring evenly to obtain a concrete mixture; Put the concrete mixture into a mold coated with a release agent, pound it evenly, and place it on a vibration table to vibrate and shape it; The mold filled with concrete is cured to the designed age to obtain all-solid waste sand and gravel aggregate concrete.
2. The method for preparing all-solid waste sand and gravel aggregate concrete material according to claim 1, characterized in that: In "surface treatment of waste sand and gravel aggregate", the method further comprises: Pre-process waste sand and gravel aggregates; The coupling agent is dissolved in a solvent and coated on the surface of the waste sand and gravel aggregate by spraying; After the coating is completed, the waste sand and gravel aggregate coated with the coupling agent is solidified.
3. The method for preparing all-solid waste sand and gravel aggregate concrete material according to claim 2, characterized in that: In "pre-processing waste sand and gravel aggregates", the method further comprises: Mix the selected dilute acid with water to prepare a dilute acid solution; Put the waste sand and gravel aggregate into a soaking container, and add an appropriate amount of dilute acid solution to soak the waste sand and gravel aggregate; The soaked waste sand and gravel aggregates are taken out from the soaking container and rinsed with clean water; The cleaned waste sand and gravel aggregates are dried.
4. The method for preparing all-solid waste sand and gravel aggregate concrete material according to claim 2, characterized in that: After the coating is completed, the waste sand and stone aggregate coated with the coupling agent is solidified, and the method further comprises: Cure at 80°C for 1-1.5 hours.
5. The method for preparing all-solid waste sand and gravel aggregate concrete material according to claim 2, characterized in that: In the step of "dissolving the coupling agent in a solvent and applying the coupling agent on the surface of the waste sand and stone aggregate by spraying", the method further comprises: The coupling agent is a silane coupling agent or a titanate coupling agent.
6. The method for preparing all-solid waste sand and gravel aggregate concrete material according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step of "curing the mold filled with concrete to the designed age to obtain all-solid waste sand and gravel aggregate concrete", the method further comprises: The curing temperature is 20-22℃, the relative humidity is not less than 95%, and the curing time is 7-28 days.
7. A solid waste sand and gravel aggregate concrete material, characterized in that: The concrete is prepared by the method for preparing all-solid waste sand and gravel aggregate concrete material as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.