Environment-friendly insensitive biological high-energy material for fireworks and crackers

Abstract

The invention provides an environment-friendly insensitive biological high-energy material for fireworks and crackers. The environment-friendly insensitive biological high-energy material consists of the following components: 40-50% of plant fibers, 35-45% of vegetable gum, 5-15% of an oxidizing agent and 3-7% of water. The biological high-energy material can be prepared through the processes of biological carbonization, functional particle loading, flexible forming, compact curing, functional particle activation, hierarchical packaging and curing shaping, can completely replace black powder to be used as a raw material for fireworks and crackers, has ultralow friction sensitivity and extremely high ignition point, and is safe, environmentally friendly and low in cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of fireworks and firecrackers, and more particularly to an environmentally friendly insensitive biological high-energy material used for fireworks and firecrackers. Background Art

[0002] Black powder is the main raw material of fireworks and firecrackers, accounting for more than 50% of the total raw materials of fireworks and firecrackers. However, due to its poor safety and serious environmental pollution, it directly restricts the development of my country's fireworks and firecrackers industry. The poor safety of black powder is mainly reflected in the fact that it is easily affected by friction during production and storage and transportation, making it very easy to cause explosion accidents, causing loss of life and property; the serious environmental pollution is mainly reflected in the waste gas, waste water, dust, etc. generated during the production process, as well as the thick smoke and residues generated after the burning, which cause environmental pollution.

[0003] In order to change the current situation where black powder restricts the development of the fireworks and firecrackers industry, the fireworks and firecrackers industry has been seeking various solutions, such as improving the components and proportions of black powder from the aspects of safety and environmental protection. Although some relevant research results have emerged, the improved black powder and preparation method still have certain safety hazards and environmental pollution problems. Therefore, the present invention focuses on developing a new environmentally friendly insensitive material to replace black powder, breaking through the single improvement of traditional black powder "one nitrate, two sulfur and three charcoal", and fundamentally solving its poor safety and serious environmental pollution problems. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above problems, the present invention provides an environmentally friendly insensitive biological high-energy material for fireworks and firecrackers, which is safe, environmentally friendly, has excellent performance and stable quality, can completely replace the existing black powder, and can be used for fireworks' debulking powder and propellant. The material is composed of the following components: Plant fiber 40-50%, Plant gum 35-45%, Oxidant 5-15%, Water 3-7%.

[0005] Furthermore, the plant fiber is at least one of corn cob powder, reed powder and straw powder.

[0006] Furthermore, the plant gum is at least one of xanthan gum, gelatin, furcellaran, guar gum, carrageenan and gum.

[0007] Furthermore, the oxidant is one of potassium chlorate, potassium perchlorate and potassium nitrate.

[0008] Furthermore, the particle sizes of the plant fiber and the oxidant are both 80-100 meshes, and the particle size of the plant gum is not greater than 100 meshes.

[0009] Furthermore, the environmentally friendly insensitive biological high-energy material can be prepared by the following steps: A. Biocarbonization: A predetermined proportion of plant fibers is biocarbonized in a nitrogen and / or argon atmosphere at 400-1000°C, and then infiltrated with a solvent to obtain a biofiber carbon-based skeleton.

[0010] B. Functional particle loading: The biofiber carbon-based skeleton in step A is fully mixed with a predetermined proportion of plant gum and an oxidant to obtain a composite material.

[0011] C. Flexible forming: The composite material in step B is subjected to roller pressing and / or sieving granulation to obtain composite material particles with a particle size of 1-2 mm.

[0012] D. Densification and solidification: The composite material particles in step C are polished, ground and solidified to obtain solidified composite material particles.

[0013] E. Activation of functional particles: The cured composite material particles in step D are subjected to all-round heat treatment at a temperature of 40-70° C., and the water content after treatment is 10-20%, thereby obtaining activated composite material particles.

[0014] F. Layered packaging: The activated composite material particles in step E are subjected to multi-layer packaging treatment using phenolic resin accounting for 10-15% of the total weight of the particles, by spraying, rolling the particles or a combination thereof, to obtain packaged composite material particles.

[0015] G. Curing and shaping: The encapsulated composite material particles in step F are subjected to all-round heat treatment at a temperature of 70-90° C. The water content after treatment is 3-7%, thereby obtaining an environmentally friendly insensitive biological high-energy material.

[0016] Furthermore, the solvent described in step A is water in an amount equal to that of the plant fiber. Beneficial Effects

[0017] The environmentally friendly insensitive biological high-energy material of the present application can completely replace black powder as a raw material for fireworks and firecrackers, has ultra-low friction sensitivity, extremely high ignition point, and is safe, environmentally friendly, and low in cost. Specifically, the environmentally friendly insensitive biological high-energy material has the following advantages: ① The production process of the environmentally friendly insensitive biological high-energy material of this application utilizes solvents to infiltrate carbonized materials, which not only increases the porosity and surface area of ​​the skeleton material, but also serves as a regulator to ensure the safety and reliability of the production process; through the process of flexible molding and dense solidification, the formed material is highly uniform and the density and particle size are effectively adjusted; through layered encapsulation, a dense structure is formed on the surface of the particles, which comprehensively improves the water-resistant, oxygen-resistant and flame-retardant properties of the material, while improving the structural strength of the material, effectively ensuring the safety of the product throughout the entire process of storage, transportation and application. The finished product has ultra-low friction sensitivity and extremely high ignition point (up to 460°C), which completely solves the major safety hazards of traditional black powder.

[0018] ② The environmentally friendly insensitive biological high-energy material of this application does not produce waste gas, wastewater, or dust hazards during the production process; it does not produce harmful gases after combustion, the products are pollution-free, with little smoke and residue, and has very excellent green environmental protection characteristics.

[0019] ③ The raw materials of the environmentally friendly insensitive biological high-energy materials of this application are mainly plant fibers. Their porous structure and strong adsorption properties make them an adsorption carrier, which fully guarantees the uniformity and stability of the product; and realizes the high-value secondary utilization of crop waste. The use of straw powder also solves the environmental pollution problem caused by straw burning; and the raw materials are widely available and the production cost is controllable. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The present invention discloses an environmentally friendly insensitive biological high-energy material for fireworks and firecrackers. Those skilled in the art can refer to the content of this article and appropriately improve some parameters to achieve it. It should be particularly pointed out that all similar substitutions and modifications are obvious to those skilled in the art, and they are all considered to be included in the present invention. The method and application of the present invention have been described through preferred embodiments, and relevant personnel can obviously modify or appropriately change and combine the methods and applications described herein without departing from the content, spirit and scope of the present invention to implement and apply the technology of the present invention. Example 1

[0021] The components are: 45% plant fiber, 40% plant gum, 10% oxide, and 5% water. The plant fiber used is corn cob powder, the plant gum is xanthan gum, and the oxide is potassium nitrate.

[0022] Prepared by the following steps: A. Biocarbonization: A predetermined proportion of corncob powder is biocarbonized in a nitrogen atmosphere at 600°C, and then soaked in water equal to the corncob powder to obtain a biofiber carbon-based skeleton.

[0023] B. Functional particle loading: The biofiber carbon-based skeleton in step A is fully mixed with xanthan gum and potassium nitrate in a predetermined ratio to obtain a composite material.

[0024] C. Flexible molding: The composite material in step B is screened and granulated to obtain composite material particles with a particle size of 1-2 mm.

[0025] D. Densification and solidification: The composite material particles in step C are polished, ground and solidified to obtain solidified composite material particles.

[0026] E. Activation of functional particles: The cured composite material particles in step D are subjected to an all-round heat treatment at a temperature of 40° C., and the water content after the treatment is 15%, thereby obtaining activated composite material particles.

[0027] F. Layered packaging: The activated composite material particles in step E are subjected to multi-layer packaging treatment using phenolic resin accounting for 10% of the total weight of the particles, and the process is performed by rolling the particles to obtain packaged composite material particles.

[0028] G. Curing and shaping: The encapsulated composite material particles in step F are subjected to all-round heat treatment at a temperature of 70° C. The water content after treatment is 5%, thereby obtaining an environmentally friendly insensitive biological high-energy material. Example 2

[0029] The components are: 40% plant fiber, 45% plant gum, 12% oxide, and 3% water. The plant fiber used is 70% corn cob powder and 30% reed powder, the plant gum is 60% xanthan gum and 40% gelatin, and the oxide is potassium nitrate.

[0030] Prepared by the following steps: A. Biocarbonization: A predetermined ratio of corn cob powder and reed powder is biocarbonized at 600°C in an atmosphere filled with argon, and then soaked with water equal to the corn cob powder and reed powder to obtain a biofiber carbon-based skeleton.

[0031] B. Functional particle loading: The biofiber carbon-based skeleton in step A is fully mixed with xanthan gum, gelatin and potassium nitrate in a predetermined proportion to obtain a composite material.

[0032] C. Flexible forming: The composite material in step B is subjected to roller pressing and sieving granulation to obtain composite material particles with a particle size of 1-2 mm.

[0033] D. Densification and solidification: The composite material particles in step C are polished, ground and solidified to obtain solidified composite material particles.

[0034] E. Activation of functional particles: The cured composite material particles in step D are subjected to an all-round heat treatment at a temperature of 50° C., and the water content after the treatment is 12%, thereby obtaining activated composite material particles.

[0035] F. Layered packaging: The activated composite material particles in step E are subjected to multi-layer packaging treatment using phenolic resin accounting for 10% of the total weight of the particles by spraying to obtain packaged composite material particles.

[0036] G. Curing and shaping: The encapsulated composite material particles in step F are subjected to all-round heat treatment at a temperature of 80° C. The water content after treatment is 3%, thereby obtaining an environmentally friendly insensitive biological high-energy material. Example 3

[0037] The components are: 43% plant fiber, 38% plant gum, 14% oxide, and 5% water. The plant fiber used is corn cob powder, the plant gum is 80% xanthan gum and 20% gelatin, and the oxide is potassium perchlorate.

[0038] Prepared by the following steps: A. Biocarbonization: A predetermined proportion of corncob powder is biocarbonized in a nitrogen atmosphere at 600°C, and then soaked in water equal to the corncob powder to obtain a biofiber carbon-based skeleton.

[0039] B. Functional particle loading: The biofiber carbon-based skeleton in step A is fully mixed with xanthan gum, gelatin and potassium perchlorate in a predetermined proportion to obtain a composite material.

[0040] C. Flexible molding: The composite material in step B is subjected to roller granulation to obtain composite material particles with a particle size of 1-2 mm.

[0041] D. Densification and solidification: The composite material particles in step C are polished, ground and solidified to obtain solidified composite material particles.

[0042] E. Activation of functional particles: The cured composite material particles in step D are subjected to an all-round heat treatment at a temperature of 45° C., and the water content after the treatment is 13%, thereby obtaining activated composite material particles.

[0043] F. Layered packaging: The activated composite material particles in step E are subjected to multi-layer packaging treatment using phenolic resin accounting for 12% of the total weight of the particles, and the process is performed by rolling the particles to obtain packaged composite material particles.

[0044] G. Curing and shaping: The encapsulated composite material particles in step F are subjected to all-round heat treatment at a temperature of 75° C. The water content after treatment is 5%, thereby obtaining an environmentally friendly insensitive biological high-energy material.

[0045] Test Example 1 The environmentally friendly insensitive biological high-energy materials for fireworks and firecrackers obtained in Examples 1 to 3 were tested, and the test results are shown in Table 1.

[0046]

[0047] As can be seen from Table 1, the environmentally friendly insensitive biological high-energy material for fireworks and firecrackers prepared by the method of the present invention has extremely low friction sensitivity, good thermal stability, extremely high ignition temperature, and qualified moisture absorption rate. It is safe, environmentally friendly, has excellent performance, and stable quality. It can completely replace the existing black powder and can be used in fireworks' bud-opening powder and propellant.

[0048] In addition, the inventors of the present invention have also found that after adding colorants to the original components of the environmentally friendly insensitive biological high-energy material, it can also be used as bright beads. It is only necessary to add the colorant to the original step B during preparation and mix well to obtain a composite material, and then continue with the subsequent steps. The colorant includes at least one of barium salt, sodium salt, copper salt, and strontium salt. The environmentally friendly insensitive biological high-energy material for bright beads is composed of the following components: 40-50% plant fiber, 35-45% plant gum, 5-15% oxidant, 2-10% colorant, and 3-7% water. The specific implementation method is as follows: Example 4

[0049] Used as bright beads, the components are: 43% plant fiber, 37% plant gum, 10% oxide, 5% colorant, and 5% water. The plant fiber used is corn cob powder, the plant gum is xanthan gum, the oxide is potassium nitrate, and the colorant is strontium carbonate.

[0050] Prepared by the following steps: A. Biocarbonization: A predetermined proportion of corncob powder is biocarbonized in a nitrogen atmosphere at 700°C, and then soaked in water equal to the corncob powder to obtain a biofiber carbon-based skeleton.

[0051] B. Functional particle loading: The biofiber carbon-based skeleton in step A is fully mixed with xanthan gum, potassium nitrate and strontium carbonate in a predetermined proportion to obtain a composite material.

[0052] C. Flexible molding: The composite material in step B is screened and granulated to obtain composite material particles with a particle size of 1-2 mm.

[0053] D. Densification and solidification: The composite material particles in step C are polished, ground and solidified to obtain solidified composite material particles.

[0054] E. Activation of functional particles: The cured composite material particles in step D are subjected to an all-round heat treatment at a temperature of 60° C., and the water content after the treatment is 17%, thereby obtaining activated composite material particles.

[0055] F. Layered packaging: The activated composite material particles in step E are subjected to multi-layer packaging treatment using phenolic resin accounting for 12% of the total weight of the particles, and the process is performed by rolling the particles to obtain packaged composite material particles.

[0056] G. Curing and shaping: The encapsulated composite material particles in step F are subjected to all-round heat treatment at a temperature of 75°C. After the treatment, the water content is 5%, thereby obtaining an environmentally friendly insensitive biological high-energy material for bright beads. Example 5

[0057] Used as bright beads, the components are: 45% plant fiber, 42% plant gum, 8% oxide, 2% colorant, and 3% water. The plant fiber used is reed powder, the plant gum is xanthan gum, the oxide is potassium perchlorate, and the colorant is 40% strontium carbonate and 60% barium carbonate.

[0058] Prepared by the following steps: A. Biocarbonization: A predetermined proportion of reed powder is biocarbonized in a nitrogen atmosphere at 750°C, and then soaked in water equal to the reed powder to obtain a biofiber carbon-based skeleton.

[0059] B. Functional particle loading: The biofiber carbon-based skeleton in step A is fully mixed with xanthan gum, potassium perchlorate, strontium carbonate and barium carbonate in a predetermined proportion to obtain a composite material.

[0060] C. Flexible molding: The composite material in step B is screened and granulated to obtain composite material particles with a particle size of 1-2 mm.

[0061] D. Densification and solidification: The composite material particles in step C are polished, ground and solidified to obtain solidified composite material particles.

[0062] E. Activation of functional particles: The cured composite material particles in step D are subjected to an all-round heat treatment at a temperature of 50° C., and the water content after the treatment is 16%, thereby obtaining activated composite material particles.

[0063] F. Layered packaging: The activated composite material particles in step E are subjected to multi-layer packaging treatment using phenolic resin accounting for 10% of the total weight of the particles, and the process is performed by rolling the particles to obtain packaged composite material particles.

[0064] G. Curing and shaping: The encapsulated composite material particles in step F are subjected to all-round heat treatment at a temperature of 80° C. The water content after treatment is 3%, thereby obtaining an environmentally friendly insensitive biological high-energy material for bright beads. Example 6

[0065] Used as bright beads, the components are: 50% plant fiber, 35% plant glue, 8% oxide, 3% colorant, and 4% water. The plant fiber used is reed powder, the plant glue is gum, the oxide is potassium nitrate, and the colorant is copper oxide.

[0066] Prepared by the following steps: A. Biocarbonization: A predetermined proportion of reed powder is biocarbonized in a nitrogen atmosphere at 800°C, and then soaked in water equal to the amount of reed powder to obtain a biofiber carbon-based skeleton.

[0067] B. Functional particle loading: The biofiber carbon-based skeleton in step A is fully mixed with a predetermined proportion of gum, potassium nitrate and copper oxide to obtain a composite material.

[0068] C. Flexible molding: The composite material in step B is screened and granulated to obtain composite material particles with a particle size of 1-2 mm.

[0069] D. Densification and solidification: The composite material particles in step C are polished, ground and solidified to obtain solidified composite material particles.

[0070] E. Activation of functional particles: The cured composite material particles in step D are subjected to an all-round heat treatment at a temperature of 50° C., and the water content after the treatment is 18%, thereby obtaining activated composite material particles.

[0071] F. Layered packaging: The activated composite material particles in step E are subjected to multi-layer packaging treatment using phenolic resin accounting for 10% of the total weight of the particles, and the process is performed by rolling the particles to obtain packaged composite material particles.

[0072] G. Curing and shaping: The encapsulated composite material particles in step F are subjected to all-round heat treatment at a temperature of 85° C. The water content after treatment is 4%, thereby obtaining an environmentally friendly insensitive biological high-energy material for bright beads.

[0073] Test Example 2 The environmentally friendly insensitive biological high-energy materials used for bright beads obtained in Examples 4 to 6 were tested, and the test results are shown in Table 2.

[0074]

[0075] As can be seen from Table 1, the environmentally friendly insensitive biological high-energy material for bright beads prepared by the method of the present invention has extremely low friction sensitivity, good thermal stability, extremely high ignition temperature, qualified moisture absorption rate, uniform and obvious flame color, long burning and luminous time, less smoke and fast dissipation, less residue, and is safe, environmentally friendly, excellent in performance and stable in quality.

Claims

1. An environmentally friendly insensitive biological high-energy material for fireworks and firecrackers, which is composed of the following components: Plant fiber 40-50%, Plant gum 35-45%, Oxidant 5-15%, Water 3-7%.

2. The environmentally friendly insensitive biological high-energy material for fireworks and firecrackers according to claim 1, characterized in that The plant fiber is at least one of corn cob powder, reed powder and straw powder.

3. The environmentally friendly insensitive biological high-energy material for fireworks and firecrackers according to claim 1, characterized in that The vegetable gum is at least one of xanthan gum, gelatin, furcellaran, guar gum, carrageenan and gum.

4. The environmentally friendly insensitive biological high-energy material for fireworks and firecrackers according to claim 1, characterized in that The oxidant is one of potassium chlorate, potassium perchlorate and potassium nitrate.

5. The environmentally friendly insensitive biological high-energy material for fireworks and firecrackers according to claims 1-4, characterized in that The particle sizes of the plant fiber and the oxidant are both 80-100 meshes, and the particle size of the plant gum is not greater than 100 meshes.

6. The environmentally friendly insensitive biological high-energy material for fireworks and firecrackers according to claims 1-5, characterized in that The environmentally friendly insensitive biological high-energy material can be prepared by the following steps: A. Biocarbonization: A predetermined proportion of plant fibers is biocarbonized in a nitrogen and / or argon atmosphere at 400-1000°C, and then infiltrated with a solvent to obtain a biofiber carbon-based skeleton. 7.B. Functional particle loading: The biofiber carbon-based skeleton in step A is fully mixed with a predetermined proportion of plant gum and an oxidant to obtain a composite material. 8.C. Flexible molding: The composite material in step B is subjected to roller pressing and / or sieving granulation to obtain composite material particles with a particle size of 1-2 mm. 9.D. Densification and solidification: The composite material particles in step C are polished and solidified to obtain solidified composite material particles. 10.E. Activation of functional particles: The cured composite material particles in step D are subjected to all-round heat treatment at a temperature of 40-70°C, and the water content after treatment is 10-20%, thereby obtaining activated composite material particles. 11.F. Layered packaging: The activated composite material particles in step E are subjected to multi-layer packaging treatment using phenolic resin accounting for 10-15% of the total weight of the particles, by spraying, rolling the particles or a combination thereof, to obtain packaged composite material particles. 12.G. Curing and shaping: The encapsulated composite material particles in step F are subjected to all-round heat treatment at a temperature of 70-90°C. After the treatment, the water content is 3-7%, thereby obtaining an environmentally friendly insensitive biological high-energy material.

13. The environmentally friendly insensitive biological high-energy material for fireworks and firecrackers according to claim 6, characterized in that The solvent described in step A is water in an amount equal to that of the plant fiber.

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