Wide-temperature-range motor train unit gearbox lubricating oil composition and application thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of lubricating oil, in particular to a wide-temperature-range motor train unit gearbox lubricating oil composition and application thereof. The lubricating oil composition is characterized by comprising synthetic base oil and an additive, the synthetic base oil comprises polyolefin synthetic oil and polyol ester synthetic oil; the additive comprises a viscosity index improver, and the viscosity index improver comprises polymethacrylate with the molecular weight of 20000 to 30000. By optimizing the components of the lubricating oil (especially the viscosity index improver), the lubricating performance, high and low temperature performance and other overall performance of the lubricating oil can be remarkably improved, the components are stable in source, the preparation method is simple, and the market prospect is wide.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of lubricating oils, and in particular to a wide-temperature range EMU gearbox lubricating oil composition and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] The gearbox of a high-speed train is a key component in its bogie, the power driving core of the train, and the key to ensuring the normal operation of the train. It is of great significance to the safe operation and overall performance of the train. Lubricating oil plays a vital role in lubrication and protection during the operation of gears and bearings. The reasonable selection of gearbox lubricating oil is related to the operating life and driving safety of the gearbox.

[0003] The selection of the initial oil for the gearbox is mainly based on the recommendation of the gearbox OEM oil, and the subsequent operation and maintenance oil is also based on the initial oil. In terms of oil selection, domestic and foreign gearbox manufacturers mainly use API GL-5 heavy-duty vehicle gear oil as the basic specification, and couple the EMU gearbox bench for specification. However, China's high-speed railway has the characteristics of large transportation volume, diverse operating environments, and complex operating conditions. In addition, the gearbox speed is fast and the oil temperature is high during normal operation of the high-speed railway. In the start-stop or high-speed conditions, the traction gear of the gearbox has the risk of excessive bearing wear and corrugated damage on the pinion tooth surface. Therefore, ordinary gear oil cannot meet the lubrication requirements of the high-speed train drive gearbox. It is necessary to develop new special lubricant products that can meet the lubrication requirements of the high-speed train drive gearbox. Summary of the invention

[0004] The operating environment and working conditions of high-speed train vehicles are complex, and they need to take into account both extreme cold and extreme hot environments. In addition, the gearbox of the train has a fast speed, high oil temperature, and a large load, and the lubrication conditions are very harsh. The present invention finds that by optimizing the molecular weight of the viscosity index improver, the viscosity-temperature performance, shear performance, and high-temperature oxidation performance of the oil can be effectively improved, and a longer-lasting lubrication protection can be provided for the gearbox of the train.

[0005] Based on this, the technical solution of the present invention specifically lies in:

[0006] The present invention first provides a lubricating oil composition, comprising: a synthetic base oil and an additive; the synthetic base oil is a polyolefin synthetic oil and a polyol ester synthetic oil; the additive comprises a viscosity index improver, and the viscosity index improver comprises a polymethacrylate with a molecular weight of 20,000 to 30,000.

[0007] The present invention finds that the viscosity index improver with the above molecular weight can effectively improve the viscosity index of the special oil composition for the EMU gearbox, further improve the high and low temperature performance of the oil, and ensure that the oil provides good lubrication protection for the gearbox in an extreme low temperature environment, especially low temperature starting protection; at the same time, it can prevent the oil film thickness from being too thin and causing wear under high temperature conditions, and prevent the oil temperature from being too high and the transmission efficiency from decreasing.

[0008] Preferably, the viscosity index improver is used in an amount of 10 to 20 wt % based on the total amount of the lubricating oil composition.

[0009] Preferably, the additive contains an extreme pressure anti-wear agent composition, which includes a sulfur-containing extreme pressure agent and a phosphorus-containing anti-wear agent; wherein the mass ratio of the sulfur-containing extreme pressure agent to the phosphorus-containing anti-wear agent is 2 to 6:1; the preferred mass ratio is (3 to 4):1.

[0010] The present invention studies and analyzes a large amount of EMU gearbox lubricant driving test data and finds that the changes in sulfur and phosphorus elements in EMU gearbox lubricants during actual vehicle operation are mainly phosphorus consumption, indicating that the gear surface working conditions of high-speed rail gearboxes are relatively mild during high-speed operation, and the most severe working conditions are in the vehicle start-stop stage. Further research has found that existing high-speed rail gearbox lubricants all use a sulfur-phosphorus type extreme pressure anti-wear agent formulation system, in which sulfur elements mainly form a sulfide protective film on the metal wear surface under high-speed impact conditions, and phosphorus elements mainly form a chemical protective film under low speed and high torque. The sulfur-containing extreme pressure agent and phosphorus-containing anti-wear agent in the high-speed rail gear oil lubricant can significantly improve the anti-wear performance of the lubricant after being matched as described above.

[0011] Preferably, the sulfur-containing extreme pressure agent is a sulfurized olefin and / or a sulfurized ester; the phosphorus-containing antiwear agent is a phosphate ester and / or a phosphate amine salt;

[0012] More preferably, based on the total amount of the lubricating oil composition, the amount of the extreme pressure anti-wear agent composition is 3-10 wt %.

[0013] Preferably, the polyolefin synthetic oil includes one or more of PAO4, PAO6 and PAO8; and / or the polyol ester synthetic oil includes pentaerythritol ester and / or trimethylolpropane ester.

[0014] Preferably, the kinematic viscosity of the polyolefin synthetic oil at 100°C is less than or equal to 10 mm 2 / s; the kinematic viscosity of the polyol ester synthetic oil at 100°C is less than 10mm 2 / s.

[0015] Preferably, the additive further contains a detergent dispersant, and the detergent dispersant includes polyisobutylene succinimide and / or boronated polyisobutylene succinimide.

[0016] More preferably, the detergent dispersant is used in an amount of 1 to 3 wt % based on the total amount of the lubricating oil composition;

[0017] More preferably, the mass ratio of the polyisobutylene succinimide to the boronated polyisobutylene succinimide is (1-2):(0.5-1).

[0018] Preferably, the additive further contains an antioxidant, and the antioxidant includes shielded phenol and / or dialkyl diphenylamine.

[0019] More preferably, the amount of the antioxidant is 0.2 to 0.6 wt % based on the total amount of the lubricating oil composition;

[0020] More preferably, the mass ratio of the shielded phenol to the dialkyl diphenylamine is (5-10):(1-5).

[0021] Preferably, the additive further contains one or more of a metal deactivator, a friction modifier, an anti-emulsifier and an anti-foaming agent.

[0022] Preferably, the metal deactivator is a thiadiazole compound; more preferably, based on the total amount of the lubricating oil composition, the amount of the metal deactivator is 0.2-0.5 wt %.

[0023] Preferably, the friction modifier is a benzotriazole compound; more preferably, based on the total amount of the lubricating oil composition, the amount of the friction modifier is 0.03-0.06 wt %.

[0024] Preferably, the anti-emulsifier is a condensate of amine and ethylene oxide; more preferably, based on the total amount of the lubricating oil composition, the amount of the anti-emulsifier is 0.2-0.4 wt %.

[0025] Preferably, the antifoaming agent is a non-silicon compound; more preferably, based on the total amount of the lubricating oil composition, the amount of the antifoaming agent is 0.03-0.05 wt %.

[0026] Preferably, the lubricating oil composition comprises the following components in parts by weight:

[0027]

[0028] Further preferably, the lubricating oil composition comprises the following components in parts by weight:

[0029]

[0030] In the present invention, those skilled in the art can prepare the lubricating oil composition according to the ratio of components using a conventional lubricating oil preparation method.

[0031] Preferably, during the preparation, each component is metered according to the ratio of the components and then input into a blending kettle, and blended by automatic batch blending or synchronous dosage blending, and stirred at 50-60° C. for 2-4 hours to obtain the lubricating oil composition.

[0032] The present invention also provides application of the lubricating oil composition in a gearbox of a motor vehicle unit.

[0033] Based on the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0034] The present invention can significantly improve the lubricating performance, high and low temperature performance and other overall performances of the lubricating oil by optimizing the lubricating oil composition, and the sources of each component are stable, the preparation method is simple, and the market prospect is broad. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] Unless otherwise specified, all raw materials used in the examples are commercially available conventional raw materials, and the technical means used are conventional means well known to those skilled in the art.

[0037] Example 1

[0038] This embodiment provides a lubricating oil composition, which includes the following components in parts by weight:

[0039] Synthetic oil PAO6 is 55 parts, synthetic oil pentaerythritol ester is 15 parts; viscosity index improver is 19 parts of polymethacrylate with a molecular weight of 20,000-30,000; extreme pressure agent is 6 parts of sulfided olefin, anti-wear agent is 2 parts of phosphate ester; detergent dispersant is 2 parts of polyisobutylene succinimide and 1 part of boronized polyisobutylene succinimide; antioxidant is 0.5 parts of shielded phenol and 0.1 parts of dialkyl diphenylamine; metal deactivator is 0.3 parts of thiadiazole; friction modifier is 0.05 parts of benzotriazole; anti-emulsifier is 0.3 parts of amine and ethylene oxide condensate; anti-foaming agent is 0.05 parts of non-silicon type. Among them, the kinematic viscosity of PAO6 at 100°C is 6mm 2 / s, the kinematic viscosity of synthetic oil pentaerythritol ester at 100℃ is 4mm 2 / s.

[0040] The components are metered according to the proportions and then fed into a blending kettle, and blended by automatic batch blending or synchronous dosage blending, and stirred at 60° C. for 3 hours to obtain the lubricating oil composition.

[0041] Example 2

[0042] This embodiment provides a lubricating oil composition, which includes the following components in parts by weight:

[0043] Synthetic oil: 59 parts of synthetic oil PAO6, 10 parts of synthetic oil pentaerythritol ester; 20 parts of polymethacrylate with a molecular weight of 20,000-30,000 as viscosity index improver; 4 parts of sulfide olefin and 2 parts of sulfide ester as extreme pressure agent; 2 parts of phosphate amine salt as anti-wear agent; 1 part of polyisobutylene succinimide and 0.5 parts of boronized polyisobutylene succinimide as detergent dispersant; 0.3 parts of shielded phenol and 0.1 parts of dialkyl diphenylamine as antioxidant; 0.3 parts of thiadiazole as metal deactivator; 0.05 parts of benzotriazole as friction modifier; 0.3 parts of amine and ethylene oxide condensate as anti-emulsifier; 0.05 parts of non-silicon anti-foaming agent. Among them, the kinematic viscosity of PAO6 at 100°C is 6 mm 2 / s, the kinematic viscosity of synthetic oil pentaerythritol ester at 100℃ is 4mm 2 / s.

[0044] The components are metered according to the proportions and then fed into a blending kettle, and blended by automatic batch blending or synchronous dosage blending, and stirred at 60° C. for 3 hours to obtain the lubricating oil composition.

[0045] Example 3

[0046] This embodiment provides a lubricating oil composition, which includes the following components in parts by weight:

[0047] Synthetic oil PAO4 is 30 parts, synthetic oil PAO8 is 35 parts, and synthetic oil trimethylolpropane ester is 5 parts; the viscosity index improver is 19 parts of polymethacrylate with a molecular weight of 20,000-30,000; the extreme pressure agent is 6 parts of sulfided olefins, and the anti-wear agent is 2 parts of phosphate ester; the detergent dispersant is 3 parts of boronized polyisobutylene succinimide; the antioxidant is 0.3 parts of shielded phenol and 0.1 parts of dialkyl diphenylamine; the metal deactivator is 0.3 parts of thiadiazoles; the friction modifier is 0.05 parts of benzotriazoles; the anti-emulsifier is 0.3 parts of amine and ethylene oxide condensate; the anti-foaming agent is 0.05 parts of non-silicon type. Among them, the kinematic viscosity of PAO4 at 100°C is 4mm 2 / s, the kinematic viscosity of PAO8 at 100℃ is 8mm 2 / s, the kinematic viscosity of synthetic oil trimethylolpropane ester at 100℃ is 4mm 2 / s.

[0048] The components are metered according to the proportions and then fed into a blending kettle, and blended by automatic batch blending or synchronous dosage blending, and stirred at 60° C. for 3 hours to obtain the lubricating oil composition.

[0049] Example 4

[0050] This embodiment provides a lubricating oil composition, the composition of which is different from that of Embodiment 1 only in that the extreme pressure agent is 6 parts of sulfided olefin, and the anti-wear agent is 1 part of phosphate ester.

[0051] Comparative Example 1

[0052] This embodiment provides a lubricating oil composition, the composition of which is different from that of Embodiment 1 only in that the viscosity index improver is polymethacrylate with a molecular weight of 50,000-60,000.

[0053] Test example

[0054] According to the standard testing method of this industry, the performance test of the EMU gearbox special oil composition prepared in each embodiment was carried out, and the test results are shown in the following table.

[0055] Table 1 Performance parameters of EMU gearbox lubricating oil with wide temperature range

[0056]

[0057]

[0058] From the test results provided in the above table, it can be seen that the wide temperature range EMU gearbox lubricating oil composition provided by the present invention has excellent comprehensive performance, among which the composition provided in Example 1 has the best comprehensive performance. The composition has good low temperature performance, shear stability, load-bearing capacity, friction characteristics and thermal conductivity, as well as excellent thermal oxidation stability, and can provide good lubrication protection for the main gears and bearings of the gearbox under harsh and complex working conditions, and has a long oil change cycle, which can reduce maintenance costs while ensuring the safe and reliable operation of EMU transportation vehicles.

[0059] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A lubricating oil composition, characterized in that: include: Synthetic base oil and additives; the synthetic base oil is polyolefin synthetic oil and polyol ester synthetic oil; the additive includes a viscosity index improver, and the viscosity index improver includes polymethacrylate with a molecular weight of 20,000 to 30,000.

2. The lubricating oil composition according to claim 1, characterized in that Based on the total amount of the lubricating oil composition, the amount of the viscosity index improver is 10-20 wt%.

3. The lubricating oil composition according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The additive contains an extreme pressure anti-wear agent composition, which includes a sulfur-containing extreme pressure agent and a phosphorus-containing anti-wear agent; wherein the mass ratio of the sulfur-containing extreme pressure agent to the phosphorus-containing anti-wear agent is (2-6):1, and the preferred mass ratio is (3-4):

1.

4. The lubricating oil composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that The sulfur-containing extreme pressure agent is a sulfurized olefin and / or a sulfurized ester; the phosphorus-containing anti-wear agent is a phosphate ester and / or a phosphate amine salt; Preferably, based on the total amount of the lubricating oil composition, the amount of the extreme pressure anti-wear agent composition is 3-10 wt %.

5. The lubricating oil composition according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that The polyolefin synthetic oil includes one or more of PAO4, PAO6 and PAO8; and / or the polyol ester synthetic oil includes pentaerythritol ester and / or trimethylolpropane ester.

6. The lubricating oil composition according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that The kinematic viscosity of the polyolefin synthetic oil at 100°C is less than or equal to 10 mm 2 / s; the kinematic viscosity of the polyol ester synthetic oil at 100°C is less than 10mm 2 / s.

7. The lubricating oil composition according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that The additive further contains a detergent dispersant, which includes polyisobutylene succinimide and / or boronated polyisobutylene succinimide; Preferably, the amount of the detergent dispersant is 1 to 3 wt % based on the total amount of the lubricating oil composition; Preferably, the mass ratio of the polyisobutylene succinimide to the boronated polyisobutylene succinimide is (1-2):(0.5-1).

8. The lubricating oil composition according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that The additive also contains an antioxidant, which includes shielded phenol and / or dialkyl diphenylamine; Preferably, the amount of the antioxidant is 0.2-0.6 wt % based on the total amount of the lubricating oil composition; Preferably, the mass ratio of the shielded phenol to the dialkyl diphenylamine is (5-10):(1-5).

9. The lubricating oil composition according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that The additives also contain one or more of a metal deactivator, a friction modifier, an anti-emulsifier and an anti-foaming agent; Wherein, the metal deactivator is a thiadiazole compound; preferably, based on the total amount of the lubricating oil composition, the amount of the metal deactivator is 0.2-0.5wt%; The friction modifier is a benzotriazole compound; preferably, based on the total amount of the lubricating oil composition, the amount of the friction modifier is 0.03-0.06 wt%; The anti-emulsifier is a condensate of amine and ethylene oxide; preferably, based on the total amount of the lubricating oil composition, the amount of the anti-emulsifier is 0.2-0.4 wt%; The antifoaming agent is a non-silicon compound; preferably, based on the total amount of the lubricating oil composition, the amount of the antifoaming agent is 0.03-0.05 wt %.

10. The lubricating oil composition according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that The lubricating oil composition comprises the following components in parts by weight:

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