Fusion electrolysis ironmaking experimental device and method using graphite crucible as electrode

Abstract

The invention discloses a melting electrolysis ironmaking experimental device using a graphite crucible as an electrode, which comprises a device body, a hearth is arranged in the device body, a furnace bottom is arranged at the lower end of the hearth, a furnace cover is arranged at the upper end of the hearth, a first electrode is inserted on the furnace cover, an electrode rotating motor is arranged on the first electrode, and a stirring paddle is arranged at the lower part of the first electrode. A graphite gasket is arranged on the furnace bottom, a graphite crucible is placed on the graphite gasket, the second electrode penetrates through the furnace bottom to be connected with the graphite gasket, the first electrode and the second electrode are both connected with the electrochemical analyzer, and an air inlet and an air outlet are formed in the two sides of the hearth respectively. The invention further discloses a using method of the melting electrolysis iron-making experimental device using the graphite crucible as the electrode. According to the melting electrolysis ironmaking experimental device and method using the graphite crucible as the electrode, the influence of different voltages, the depth of the electrode inserted into the melt, the alkalinity of the melt and atmosphere factors on the high-temperature electrolysis iron behavior is conveniently researched, and the high-temperature electrolysis ironmaking process parameters are explored.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of low-carbon ironmaking using electric energy, and in particular to a molten electrolytic ironmaking experimental device and method using a graphite crucible as an electrode. Background Art

[0002] Blast furnace ironmaking is a high energy consumption and high carbon emission process. It takes about 350kg of coke and 150kg of coal powder to smelt 1 ton of molten iron. The energy consumption of the molten iron process generally reaches 390kgce / t. Due to the large-scale use of fossil fuels, high CO2 emissions are generated during the ironmaking process.

[0003] Traditional blast furnace processes dominate ironmaking, and the raw materials used are sintered ore, pelletized ore, lump ore, coke, and PCI, of which sintered ore and coke are the main raw materials. However, the sintering and coking processes have high environmental loads, and coking requires high-quality coking coal, which is facing the problem of increasingly scarce resources. With the implementation of the "dual carbon" policy, in order to reduce CO2 emissions in the steel industry, large and medium-sized steel companies are actively developing low-carbon and non-carbon ironmaking technologies, which can reduce or even eliminate carbon as a reducing agent and heating agent from the carbon input level.

[0004] High-temperature electrolytic ironmaking is a cutting-edge low-carbon ironmaking technology. The principle is to heat the iron ore powder to a molten state, and then insert two electrodes into the molten electrolytic cell to energize, so that pure iron can be obtained near the cathode and pure oxygen can be obtained near the anode. The document "Feasibility of MOE Ironmaking Process" uses molten oxide electrolysis (abbreviated as MOE process) to process iron ore concentrate powder raw materials for blast furnace smelting, and theoretically analyzes the theoretical decomposition voltage, the amount of iron ore concentrate powder consumed per ton of iron, the amount of CaO, and the amount of slag produced during the electrolysis process. At the same time, a theoretical analysis is conducted on the energy consumption of the MOE ironmaking process and the blast furnace ironmaking process.

[0005] However, there is currently little research in the field of high-temperature electrolytic ironmaking technology, and related thermodynamics, material balance and other calculations are mainly carried out in theory. It is necessary to develop a high-temperature electrolytic ironmaking experimental device and experimental method, carry out experimental research, and provide a new path for green and low-carbon ironmaking.

[0006] Since the temperature of the molten electrolytic ironmaking bath reaches 1600℃, there are special requirements for the material and design of the electrolytic electrodes. For example, the current method of placing the positive and negative electrodes together in the molten bath causes large electrode losses. Therefore, the electrode design method for molten electrode ironmaking is a key process technical parameter.

[0007] A Chinese patent (publication date: February 8, 2022, publication number: CN114026256B) discloses an electrolytic smelting system, which includes an electrolytic smelting furnace, which has a furnace body into which molten ore is introduced, a cathode substrate disposed at the bottom of the furnace, and an anode substrate disposed above the cathode substrate in the furnace. However, the patent adopts a cathode substrate, and the contact surface between the electrode and the molten electrolyte is small, making it difficult to improve the electrochemical characteristic parameters of the electrolytic process. Summary of the invention

[0008] The purpose of the present invention is to address the deficiencies of the above-mentioned technologies and to provide a molten electrolytic ironmaking experimental device and method using a graphite crucible as an electrode, to study the effects of different voltages, electrode insertion depth into the melt, melt alkalinity and atmosphere factors on the behavior of high-temperature electrolytic iron, to explore the process parameters of high-temperature electrolytic ironmaking, and to provide a new approach for green and low-carbon ironmaking.

[0009] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the molten electrolytic ironmaking experimental device using a graphite crucible as an electrode involved in the present invention includes a device body, a furnace is provided in the device body, the lower end opening of the furnace is provided with a liftable furnace bottom, the upper end opening is provided with a furnace cover, a liftable first electrode is inserted on the furnace cover, the first electrode is provided with an electrode rotating motor for driving it to rotate, a stirring paddle is provided at the lower part of the first electrode, a graphite gasket is provided on the furnace bottom, a graphite crucible is placed on the graphite gasket, a second electrode passes through the furnace bottom from bottom to top and is connected to the graphite gasket, the first electrode and the second electrode are connected to an electrochemical analyzer through a wire, and an air inlet and an air outlet for gas in and out are respectively provided on both sides of the furnace, and nitrogen or argon is used to provide atmosphere protection for objects in the furnace, and the protective gas flow rate is 3 to 5 L / min.

[0010] Preferably, it also includes a computer control system, which controls the lifting and lowering of the furnace bottom, the lifting and rotation of the first electrode, the temperature of the furnace and the operation of the electrochemical analyzer. The computer control system displays the temperature curve of the furnace, the position information of the first electrode and the second electrode, and the voltage and current values ​​of electrolysis in the furnace, and saves data.

[0011] Preferably, the first electrode is installed on an electrode lifting device, and the electrode lifting device is installed on the upper part of the device body through a vertical first screw rod, with smooth lifting and controllable position. The material of the first electrode is one of graphite, molybdenum, chromium-iron alloy or iridium, and the material of the second electrode is graphite.

[0012] Preferably, the furnace bottom is installed at the lower part of the device body through a furnace bottom lifting device, and the furnace bottom lifting device includes a furnace bottom support plate on which the furnace bottom is placed, and a vertical second screw rod is respectively provided at both ends of the furnace bottom support plate, and the second screw rods are engaged with the transmission shaft, and the transmission shaft is driven by the lifting electrode, and the second screw rod is synchronously rotated through the transmission shaft to ensure that the furnace bottom support plate is lifted and lowered smoothly without tilting.

[0013] Preferably, when the furnace bottom rises to the furnace, it remains sealed with the furnace.

[0014] Preferably, the furnace wall is composed of three layers of full-fiber lining refractory materials, which from outside to inside are: 1800 type polycrystalline alumina ceramic fiber, 1430 type polycrystalline alumina ceramic fiber and thermal insulation cotton. The 1800 type polycrystalline alumina ceramic fiber can ensure sufficient strength of the furnace and ensure excellent thermal insulation effect.

[0015] Preferably, the heating elements of the furnace are a plurality of high-purity silicon-molybdenum rods, the heating rate is greater than 20°C / min, and the heating capacity can be met to reach 1700°C, and the normal working temperature is stabilized at 1600°C (≥5h).

[0016] Preferably, a thermocouple is provided for monitoring the temperature in the furnace, and the temperature control accuracy is ±1°C. The thermocouple is located at a horizontal position in the middle of the height of the graphite crucible to ensure that the measured temperature is the temperature of the isothermal zone where the graphite crucible is located.

[0017] A method for using a molten electrolytic ironmaking experimental device using a graphite crucible as an electrode comprises the following steps:

[0018] A) According to the chemical composition of the iron ore powder used in the experiment, analytically pure CaO, SiO2, Al2O3, and MgO reagents are added to obtain the test raw materials, and the chemical composition range of the test raw materials is adjusted to control the binary basicity (R2=CaO / SiO2) of the electrolytic cell melt to be between 0.9 and 1.2, and the quaternary basicity (R4=(CaO+MgO / (SiO2+Al2O3)) to be between 1.0 and 1.1, so that the melt in the graphite crucible has good flow properties and does not affect the ion transport of the electrolyte;

[0019] B) Put the mixed test raw materials into a graphite crucible, place the graphite crucible in the middle of the graphite gasket on the upper part of the furnace bottom, raise the furnace bottom, and send the graphite crucible into the furnace to ensure that the furnace bottom is in close contact with the lower part of the furnace and is well sealed;

[0020] C) Open the valve of the protective gas cylinder and introduce protective gas nitrogen or argon into the furnace from the air inlet to ensure that the graphite crucible and the first electrode in the furnace are not oxidized and corroded during the experiment, and at the same time reduce the partial pressure of O2 generated by anode electrolysis under high temperature power supply, so as to promote the continuous electrolysis reaction;

[0021] D) According to the CaO-MgO-SiO2-Al2O3 quaternary slag system diagram, determine the theoretical melting temperature of the test raw material, and perform a heating operation at a heating rate of 5 to 15°C / min according to a predetermined temperature control curve;

[0022] E) when the temperature exceeds the theoretical melting temperature by 20 to 50° C., but the maximum furnace temperature does not exceed 1600° C., lower the first electrode, lower the stirring paddle of the first electrode into the graphite crucible and stir for 30 to 40 minutes to fully mix the melt in the graphite crucible;

[0023] F) controlling the current and voltage of two output terminals of the electrochemical analyzer to electrolyze the melt in the graphite crucible to produce high-purity iron with a purity of more than 98%;

[0024] G) The electrochemical analyzer records the real-time current-voltage situation and studies the effects of different voltages, electrode insertion depth into the melt, melt alkalinity and anode atmosphere on the behavior of high-temperature electrolytic iron;

[0025] H) After the electrolytic reaction is completed, the graphite crucible is taken out from the bottom and the chemical composition of the iron obtained by electrolysis is analyzed.

[0026] Preferably, the polarities of the first electrode and the second electrode are interchanged to conduct electrolysis experimental studies.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: by conducting experimental research on high-temperature electrolytic ironmaking, the influence of various factors such as different voltages, electrode insertion depth into the melt, melt alkalinity, atmosphere, etc. on the behavior of high-temperature electrolytic iron is studied, and the process parameters of high-temperature electrolytic ironmaking are explored, providing a new approach for green and low-carbon ironmaking. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a molten electrolytic ironmaking experimental device using a graphite crucible as an electrode according to the present invention.

[0029] The components in the figure are numbered as follows:

[0030] Device body 1, furnace chamber 2, furnace bottom 3, furnace cover 4, first electrode 5, electrode rotating motor 6, stirring paddle 7, graphite gasket 8, graphite crucible 9, second electrode 10, wire 11, electrochemical analyzer 12, air inlet 13, air outlet 14, computer control system 15, electrode lifting device 16, first screw rod 17, furnace bottom support plate 18, second screw rod 19, transmission shaft 20, lifting electrode 21, three-layer full-fiber furnace lining refractory material 22, high-purity silicon molybdenum rod 23, and thermocouple 24. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The technical solution of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of invention protection.

[0032] like Figure 1 As shown, a molten electrolytic ironmaking experimental device using a graphite crucible as an electrode comprises a device body 1, a furnace 2 is arranged in the device body 1, a furnace bottom 3 is arranged at the lower end opening of the furnace 2, a furnace cover 4 is arranged at the upper end opening, a first electrode 5 is inserted on the furnace cover 4 and a first electrode 5 is arranged on the first electrode 5 for driving the first electrode 5 to rotate, a stirring paddle 7 is arranged at the lower part of the first electrode 5, a graphite gasket 8 is arranged on the furnace bottom 3, a graphite crucible 9 is placed on the graphite gasket 8, a second electrode 10 passes through the furnace bottom 3 from bottom to top and is connected to the graphite gasket 8, the first electrode 5 and the second electrode 10 are connected to an electrochemical analyzer 12 through a wire 11, and an air inlet 13 and an air outlet 14 for gas in and out are arranged on both sides of the furnace 2.

[0033] When this embodiment is used, the following steps are included:

[0034] A) According to the chemical composition of the experimental iron ore powder, analytically pure CaO, SiO2, Al2O3, and MgO reagents are added to obtain the test raw materials, and the chemical composition range of the test raw materials is adjusted to control the binary basicity (R2=CaO / SiO2) of the electrolytic cell melt to be between 0.9 and 1.2, and the quaternary basicity (R4=(CaO+MgO / (SiO2+Al2O3)) to be between 1.0 and 1.1;

[0035] B) putting the uniformly mixed test raw materials into a graphite crucible 9, placing the graphite crucible 9 in the middle of the graphite gasket 8 on the upper part of the furnace bottom 3, raising the furnace bottom 3, and sending the graphite crucible 9 into the furnace 2, ensuring that the furnace bottom 3 is in close contact with the lower part of the furnace 2 and is well sealed;

[0036] C) Open the valve of the protective gas cylinder and introduce protective gas nitrogen or argon into the furnace 2 through the gas inlet 13;

[0037] D) According to the CaO-MgO-SiO2-Al2O3 quaternary slag system diagram, determine the theoretical melting temperature of the test raw material, and perform a heating operation at a heating rate of 5 to 15°C / min according to a predetermined temperature control curve;

[0038] E) when the temperature exceeds the theoretical melting temperature by 20 to 50° C., but the maximum furnace temperature does not exceed 1600° C., lower the first electrode 5, and lower the stirring paddle 7 of the first electrode 5 into the graphite crucible 9 to stir for 30 to 40 minutes, so that the melt in the graphite crucible 9 is fully mixed;

[0039] F) controlling the current and voltage of the two output terminals of the electrochemical analyzer 12, electrolyzing the melt in the graphite crucible 9, and producing high-purity iron, wherein the purity of the iron is more than 98%;

[0040] G) an electrochemical analyzer 12 records the real-time current-voltage situation to study the effects of different voltages, electrode insertion depth into the melt, melt basicity and anode atmosphere factors on the behavior of high-temperature electrolytic iron;

[0041] H) After the electrolytic reaction is completed, the graphite crucible 9 is taken out from the bottom and the chemical composition of the iron obtained by electrolysis is analyzed.

[0042] In another embodiment, it also includes a computer control system 15, which controls the lifting and lowering of the furnace bottom 3, the lifting and rotation of the first electrode 5, the temperature of the furnace 2 and the operation of the electrochemical analyzer 12. The computer control system 15 displays the temperature curve of the furnace 2, the position information of the first electrode 5 and the second electrode 10, and the voltage and current values ​​of electrolysis in the furnace 2, and saves the data.

[0043] Specifically, the first electrode 5 is installed on the electrode lifting device 16, and the electrode lifting device 16 is installed on the upper part of the device body 1 through the vertical first screw 17. The material of the first electrode 5 is one of graphite, molybdenum, chromium-iron alloy or iridium, and the material of the second electrode 10 is graphite.

[0044] The furnace bottom 3 is installed at the lower part of the device body 1 through a furnace bottom lifting device. The furnace bottom lifting device includes a furnace bottom support plate 18 for placing the furnace bottom 3. A vertical second screw rod 19 is respectively provided at both ends of the furnace bottom support plate 18. The second screw rod 19 is engaged with a transmission shaft 20. The transmission shaft 20 is driven by a lifting electrode 21. When the furnace bottom 3 rises to the furnace chamber 2, it remains sealed with the furnace chamber 2.

[0045] When this embodiment is used, the following steps are included:

[0046] A) According to the chemical composition of the experimental iron ore powder, analytically pure CaO, SiO2, Al2O3, and MgO reagents are added to obtain the test raw materials, and the chemical composition range of the test raw materials is adjusted to control the binary basicity (R2=CaO / SiO2) of the electrolytic cell melt to be between 0.9 and 1.2, and the quaternary basicity (R4=(CaO+MgO / (SiO2+Al2O3)) to be between 1.0 and 1.1;

[0047] B) putting the uniformly mixed test raw materials into a graphite crucible 9, placing the graphite crucible 9 in the middle of the graphite gasket 8 on the upper part of the furnace bottom 3, raising the furnace bottom 3 by the furnace bottom lifting device, and sending the graphite crucible 9 into the furnace 2, ensuring that the furnace bottom 3 is in close contact with the lower part of the furnace 2 and is well sealed;

[0048] C) Open the valve of the protective gas cylinder and introduce protective gas nitrogen or argon into the furnace 2 through the gas inlet 13;

[0049] D) According to the CaO-MgO-SiO2-Al2O3 quaternary slag system diagram, determine the theoretical melting temperature of the test raw material, and perform a heating operation at a heating rate of 5 to 15°C / min according to a predetermined temperature control curve;

[0050] E) when the temperature exceeds the theoretical melting temperature by 20 to 50° C., but the maximum furnace temperature does not exceed 1600° C., the first electrode 5 is lowered by the electrode lifting device 16, and the stirring paddle 7 of the first electrode 5 is lowered into the graphite crucible 9 for stirring for 30 to 40 minutes to fully mix the melt in the graphite crucible 9;

[0051] F) The computer control system 15 controls the current and voltage of the two output terminals of the electrochemical analyzer 12 to electrolyze the melt in the graphite crucible 9 to produce high-purity iron with a purity of more than 98%;

[0052] G) an electrochemical analyzer 12 records the real-time current-voltage situation to study the effects of different voltages, electrode insertion depth into the melt, melt basicity and anode atmosphere factors on the behavior of high-temperature electrolytic iron;

[0053] H) After the electrolytic reaction is completed, the graphite crucible 9 is taken out from the bottom and the chemical composition of the iron obtained by electrolysis is analyzed.

[0054] In the above embodiment, the chamber wall of the furnace 2 is composed of three layers of full-fiber lining refractory materials 22, which from the outside to the inside are: 1800 type polycrystalline alumina ceramic fiber, 1430 type polycrystalline alumina ceramic fiber and thermal insulation cotton. The 1800 type polycrystalline alumina ceramic fiber can ensure sufficient strength of the furnace and ensure excellent thermal insulation effect.

[0055] The heating elements of the furnace 2 are a plurality of high-purity silicon-molybdenum rods 23, the heating rate of which is greater than 20°C / min, and can meet the heating capacity to 1700°C, and the normal working temperature is stable at 1600°C (≥5h).

[0056] A thermocouple 24 is also provided to monitor the temperature in the furnace 2, and the temperature control accuracy is ±1°C. The thermocouple 24 is located at a horizontal position in the middle of the height of the graphite crucible 9 to ensure that the measured temperature is the temperature of the isothermal zone where the graphite crucible 9 is located.

[0057] Finally, in the above embodiment, the polarities of the first electrode 5 and the second electrode 10 may be interchanged to conduct electrolysis experiments.

[0058] The present invention uses a molten electrolytic iron-making experimental device and method using a graphite crucible as an electrode. By conducting experimental research on high-temperature electrolytic iron-making, the effects of various factors such as different voltages, electrode insertion depth into the melt, melt alkalinity, atmosphere, etc. on the behavior of high-temperature electrolytic iron are studied, and the process parameters of high-temperature electrolytic iron-making are explored to provide a new approach for green and low-carbon iron-making.

[0059] It should be noted that the description of the above technical solutions is exemplary, and this specification can be embodied in different forms and should not be interpreted as being limited to the technical solutions set forth herein. On the contrary, providing these descriptions will make the disclosure of the present invention thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope disclosed in this specification to those skilled in the art. In addition, the technical solutions of the present invention are limited only by the scope of the claims.

[0060] The various aspects disclosed for describing the present specification and claims are merely examples, and therefore, the present specification and claims are not limited to the details shown. In the above description, when the detailed description of the related known functions or configurations is determined to be unnecessary to obscure the focus of the present specification and claims, the detailed description will be omitted.

[0061] Finally, it should be pointed out that the above content is a further detailed description of the invention in combination with specific implementation methods. It cannot be considered that the specific implementation of the present invention is limited to these descriptions. For ordinary technicians in the technical field to which the present invention belongs, simple replacements made without departing from the concept of the present invention should be regarded as belonging to the protection scope of the present invention. The above embodiments are only more representative examples of the present invention. Obviously, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and there can be many variations. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention should be considered to belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A molten electrolytic ironmaking experimental device using a graphite crucible as an electrode, comprising a device body (1), wherein a furnace (2) is provided in the device body (1), and characterized in that: The furnace (2) is provided with a liftable furnace bottom (3) at the lower opening, and a furnace cover (4) at the upper opening. A liftable first electrode (5) is inserted on the furnace cover (4). The first electrode (5) is provided with an electrode rotating motor (6) for driving the first electrode (5) to rotate. A stirring paddle (7) is provided at the lower part of the first electrode (5). A graphite gasket (8) is provided on the furnace bottom (3). A graphite crucible (9) is placed on the graphite gasket (8). A second electrode (10) passes through the furnace bottom (3) from bottom to top and is connected to the graphite gasket (8). Both the first electrode (5) and the second electrode (10) are connected to an electrochemical analyzer (12) via a wire (11). An air inlet (13) and an air outlet (14) for gas inlet and outlet are provided on both sides of the furnace (2).

2. The molten electrolytic ironmaking experimental device using a graphite crucible as an electrode as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The invention also comprises a computer control system (15), wherein the computer control system (15) controls the lifting and lowering of the furnace bottom (3), the lifting and rotating of the first electrode (5), the temperature of the furnace (2) and the operation of the electrochemical analyzer (12); the computer control system (15) displays the temperature curve of the furnace (2), the position information of the first electrode (5) and the second electrode (10) and the voltage and current values ​​of the electrolysis in the furnace (2), and stores the data.

3. The molten electrolytic ironmaking experimental device using a graphite crucible as an electrode as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The first electrode (5) is mounted on an electrode lifting device (16), and the electrode lifting device (16) is mounted on the upper part of the device body (1) via a vertical first screw rod (17). The material of the first electrode (5) is one of graphite, molybdenum, chromium-iron alloy or iridium, and the material of the second electrode (10) is graphite.

4. The molten electrolytic ironmaking experimental device using a graphite crucible as an electrode as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The furnace bottom (3) is installed at the lower part of the device body (1) through a furnace bottom lifting device, and the furnace bottom lifting device comprises a furnace bottom supporting plate (18) for placing the furnace bottom (3), and a vertical second screw rod (19) is respectively provided at both ends of the furnace bottom supporting plate (18), and the second screw rod (19) is meshed with a transmission shaft (20), and the transmission shaft (20) is driven by a lifting electrode (21).

5. The molten electrolytic ironmaking experimental device using a graphite crucible as an electrode as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: When the furnace bottom (3) rises to the furnace chamber (2), it maintains a seal with the furnace chamber (2).

6. The molten electrolytic ironmaking experimental device using a graphite crucible as an electrode as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The chamber wall of the furnace (2) is composed of three layers of full-fiber furnace lining refractory materials (22), which, from the outside to the inside, are: 1800 type polycrystalline alumina ceramic fiber, 1430 type polycrystalline alumina ceramic fiber and thermal insulation cotton.

7. The experimental device for molten electrolytic ironmaking using a graphite crucible as an electrode as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The heating elements of the furnace (2) are a plurality of high-purity silicon-molybdenum rods (23), and the heating rate is greater than 20° C. / min.

8. The molten electrolytic ironmaking experimental device using a graphite crucible as an electrode as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: A thermocouple (24) for monitoring the temperature in the furnace (2) is also provided, and the thermocouple (24) is located at a horizontal position in the middle of the height of the graphite crucible (9).

9. A method for using the molten electrolytic ironmaking experimental device using a graphite crucible as an electrode as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The steps include: A) According to the chemical composition of the experimental iron ore powder, analytically pure CaO, SiO2, Al2O3, and MgO reagents are added to obtain the test raw materials, and the chemical composition range of the test raw materials is adjusted to control the binary basicity (R2=CaO / SiO2) of the electrolytic cell melt to be between 0.9 and 1.2, and the quaternary basicity (R4=(CaO+MgO / (SiO2+Al2O3)) to be between 1.0 and 1.1; B) putting the uniformly mixed test raw materials into a graphite crucible (9), placing the graphite crucible (9) in the middle of the graphite gasket (8) on the upper part of the furnace bottom (3), raising the furnace bottom (3), and sending the graphite crucible (9) into the furnace (2), ensuring that the furnace bottom (3) is in close contact with the lower part of the furnace (2) and is well sealed; C) opening the valve of the protective gas cylinder and introducing protective gas nitrogen or argon into the furnace (2) through the gas inlet (13); D) According to the CaO-MgO-SiO2-Al2O3 quaternary slag system diagram, determine the theoretical melting temperature of the test raw material, and perform a heating operation at a heating rate of 5 to 15°C / min according to a predetermined temperature control curve; E) when the temperature exceeds the theoretical melting temperature by 20 to 50° C., but the maximum furnace temperature does not exceed 1600° C., the first electrode (5) is lowered, and the stirring paddle (7) of the first electrode (5) is lowered into the graphite crucible (9) to stir for 30 to 40 minutes, so that the melt in the graphite crucible (9) is fully mixed; F) controlling the current and voltage at two output ends of the electrochemical analyzer (12) to electrolyze the melt in the graphite crucible (9) to produce high-purity iron, wherein the purity of the iron is above 98%; G) an electrochemical analyzer (12) records the real-time current-voltage situation to study the effects of different voltages, electrode insertion depth into the melt, melt basicity and anode atmosphere on the behavior of high-temperature electrolytic iron; H) After the electrolytic reaction is completed, the graphite crucible (9) is taken out from the bottom and the chemical composition of the iron obtained by electrolysis is analyzed.

10. The method for using the molten electrolytic ironmaking experimental device using a graphite crucible as an electrode as claimed in claim 9, characterized in that: The polarities of the first electrode (5) and the second electrode (10) are interchanged to conduct electrolysis experiments.

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