Rare earth electrolytic bath

Abstract

The invention discloses a rare earth electrolytic bath, and relates to the technical field of rare earth production, the rare earth electrolytic bath comprises a box body and a heat exchange assembly I. The top of the box body is provided with a box cover, an anode is fixed in one end of the box cover, a cathode is arranged in the other end of the box cover, and a water inlet is formed in one side of the bottom of the box body; the first heat exchange assembly is arranged in the lower end of the box body and comprises a liquid inlet pipe, a connecting base, a heat exchange pipe and a liquid outlet pipe. When the temperature in the box body is adjusted, a pump body is used for conveying a heating medium to the lower end of the box body from a water inlet, at the moment, part of the heating medium enters heat exchange pipes from a liquid inlet pipe and a connecting base, the other part of the heating medium enters heat exchange pipes on a second heat exchange assembly through a water inlet cavity, and due to the fact that the multiple heat exchange pipes are evenly distributed in the box body, the heat exchange efficiency is improved. And therefore, the heat exchange of the internal solution is more uniform, the condition that the local part is too hot and too cold is avoided, and meanwhile, the heat exchange efficiency can also be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of rare earth production, in particular to a rare earth electrolytic cell. Background Art

[0002] Rare earth is a general term for 17 kinds of metal elements including lanthanide elements, scandium and yttrium in the periodic table. In the process of rare earth production, electrolytic refining is needed, which is a method of electrolysis using crude rare earth metal as soluble anode, specially made pure rare earth metal as cathode, and suitable electrolyte. The essence of this method is that electric current passes through crude rare earth metal rods to dissolve the rare earth metal, and then precipitates it at a special cathode, thereby achieving the purpose of metal purification. In the process of electrolytic refining, a closed electrolytic cell under an inert atmosphere should be used, because this can avoid the adverse effects of air and moisture.

[0003] For example, the invention with application number CN201710687074.0 discloses a molten salt electrolytic cell for producing rare earth metals and alloys. The invention uses the setting of a refrigeration device and a temperature control device to allow high-temperature coolant or cooling gas to be introduced at the beginning to avoid excessive temperature difference between the inside and outside of the solution tank. The refrigeration device is turned on to gradually reduce the temperature of the coolant or cooling gas, thereby achieving the effect of cooling the solution tank. However, since the pipeline is arranged outside the solution tank, a large temperature difference may occur between the outside and the center of the solution during heat exchange, which is not convenient for uniform heat exchange of the internal solution, resulting in the problem of affecting the overall temperature control effect.

[0004] Therefore, in view of this, the existing structure and defects are studied and improved, and a rare earth electrolytic cell is proposed. Summary of the invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a rare earth electrolytic cell to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a rare earth electrolytic cell, comprising a box body and a heat exchange component 1, a box cover is arranged on the top of the box body, an anode is fixed inside one end of the box cover, and a cathode is arranged inside the other end of the box cover, a water inlet is opened on one side of the bottom of the box body, the heat exchange component 1 is arranged inside the lower end of the box body, the heat exchange component 1 comprises a liquid inlet pipe, a connecting seat, a heat exchange pipe and a liquid outlet pipe, a liquid inlet pipe is rotatably connected to the center of the lower end of the box body, and a cathode is arranged on the top of the liquid inlet pipe A connecting seat, a heat exchange tube is arranged on the top of the connecting seat, and the heat exchange tube is n-shaped, a liquid outlet pipe is arranged on the outer end of the bottom of the connecting seat, and the axis of the liquid outlet pipe coincides with the axis of the liquid inlet pipe, a rotating seat is rotatably connected to the outer side of the lower end of the connecting seat, and a water inlet cavity is arranged inside the lower end of the rotating seat, a heat exchange component 2 is arranged inside the outer end of the rotating seat, and the structure of the heat exchange component 2 is substantially consistent with the structure of the heat exchange component 1, a drainage cavity is arranged inside the upper end of the rotating seat, and a valve is connected to one side of the drainage cavity.

[0007] Furthermore, a driving assembly is arranged inside the lower end of the box body, and the driving assembly includes a support sleeve, a fan blade shaft, a driving gear and a driven gear. The support sleeve is placed inside the lower end of the box body, and the fan blade shaft is arranged inside the support sleeve. A driving gear is fixed to one end of the fan blade shaft, and a driven gear is meshed on one side of the driving gear.

[0008] Furthermore, the size of the driving gear is smaller than that of the driven gear, and the driven gear is fixedly connected to the liquid inlet pipe.

[0009] Furthermore, the drive assembly also includes a sun gear, a planetary gear and a ring gear 1. A sun gear is arranged on the outer side of the middle part of the liquid inlet pipe, and a planetary gear is meshed on the outer side of the sun gear, and the planetary gear is rotatably connected to the casing. A ring gear 1 is meshed on the outer side of the planetary gear, and the ring gear 1 is fixedly connected to the rotating seat.

[0010] Furthermore, the driving assembly also includes a second gear ring and a driving gear. The second gear ring is fixed inside the upper end of the rotating seat, and the driving gear is meshed on the inner side of the second gear ring, and the driving gear is fixedly connected to the second heat exchange assembly.

[0011] Furthermore, a cleaning assembly is arranged inside the heat exchange tube, and the cleaning assembly includes a fixed sleeve, a slide groove and a slide column. The fixed sleeve is arranged on the outside of the heat exchange tube, and a slide groove is provided on the inside of the fixed sleeve, and a slide column is provided inside the slide groove.

[0012] Furthermore, the cleaning assembly also includes a sealing plug and a spring. A sealing plug is fixed to one side of the sliding column, and the sealing plug is embedded in the heat exchange tube. A spring is connected to one side of the sliding column, and the sliding column is equidistantly distributed around the outer side of the sealing plug.

[0013] Furthermore, the cleaning assembly also includes a connecting column, an adjusting plate and a nozzle, the connecting column is fixed to one side of the fixed sleeve, the adjusting plate is sleeved on the outer side of the connecting column, and the nozzle is arranged on one side of the adjusting plate.

[0014] Furthermore, an adjustment component is provided on the other side of the adjustment plate, and the adjustment component includes a limit ring, a pulley and a lifting rod. The limit ring is fixed on the top of the rotating seat, and the top of the limit ring is wavy. The top of the limit ring is provided with a pulley, and the top of the pulley is provided with a lifting rod.

[0015] Furthermore, the adjustment assembly also includes a counterweight ring, a support plate and a rotating plate. A counterweight ring is fixed to the outer side of the lower end of the lifting rod, and a support plate is slidably connected to the outer side of the middle part of the lifting rod, and the support plate is fixedly connected to the connecting seat. A rotating plate is rotatably connected to one side of the lifting rod, and the rotating plate is rotatably connected to the adjustment plate.

[0016] The present invention provides a rare earth electrolytic cell, which has the following beneficial effects: 1. When adjusting the internal temperature of the box, the present invention first uses the pump body to transport the heat medium from the water inlet to the lower end of the box. At this time, part of the heat medium will enter the heat exchange tube from the liquid inlet pipe and the connecting seat, and the other part of the heat medium will enter the heat exchange tube on the heat exchange component 2 through the water inlet cavity. Moreover, since a plurality of heat exchange tubes are evenly distributed inside the box, the heat exchange of the internal solution is more uniform, avoiding the occurrence of local overheating and overcooling, and at the same time, the efficiency of heat exchange can be improved. After the heat exchange, the heat medium inside the heat exchange tube can also flow to the drainage cavity through the liquid outlet pipe, and then be discharged through the valve for recovery.

[0017] 2. In the present invention, when the heat medium passes through the fan shaft, it will push the blades to rotate, so that the driving gear drives the liquid inlet pipe inside the driven gear to rotate. At this time, since the size of the driving gear is smaller than that of the driven gear, the liquid inlet pipe can avoid being stuck due to excessive resistance when rotating. At the same time, when the liquid inlet pipe is rotating, it will also drive the rotating seat to rotate through the sun gear, planetary gears and ring gear 1, so that the heat exchange component 2 can make a circular motion around the center of the box body, fully contact with the solution in all directions inside the box body, improve the efficiency of heat exchange, and in the process of moving the heat exchange component 2, it will also drive the driving gear to roll in the ring gear 2, so that the heat exchange component 2 can rotate, improve the effect of stirring the internal solution, so that during electrolysis, the transmission of ions in the solution is accelerated, thereby accelerating the reaction rate.

[0018] 3. When the interior of the box needs to be cleaned and maintained, the present invention only needs to close the valve. At this time, when cleaning liquid is injected into the water inlet through the pump body, the water pressure inside the heat exchange tube will increase, so that the sealing plug will squeeze the spring, and the internal cleaning liquid will pass through the connecting column into the interior of the adjustment plate and be sprayed out from the nozzle, so as to automatically rinse the inner wall of the box and other components, thereby improving the convenience during cleaning and maintenance. At the same time, during cleaning, since the heat exchange component 2 will also rotate and revolve, the direction during cleaning can be changed, thereby expanding the cleaning area. After cleaning, when the valve is opened, as the pressure inside the heat exchange tube decreases, the spring will push the sliding column to move under the limit of the slide groove, so that the sealing plug can be inserted into the opening on the heat exchange tube to automatically seal it and avoid leakage during normal use.

[0019] 4. During the cleaning process of the present invention, when the rotating seat rotates, it will drive the lifting rod to move on the limit ring through the support plate. At this time, the pulley will reduce the friction loss between the lifting rod and the limit ring, and the counterweight ring will make the pulley close to the limit ring. Therefore, when the lifting rod moves, it will move back and forth up and down under the wavy guide at the top of the limit ring, and when the lifting rod moves up, it will squeeze the adjustment plate through the rotating plate to make the nozzle face downward, and when the lifting rod moves down, it will pull the adjustment plate through the rotating plate to make the nozzle face upward, thereby automatically changing its flushing angle during the cleaning process, thereby expanding the flushing range, and during electrolysis, the reciprocating rotation of the adjustment plate can also be used to improve the effect of stirring the internal solution. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall front cross-sectional structure of a rare earth electrolytic cell of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the overall top view cross-sectional structure of a rare earth electrolytic cell of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a connection base of a rare earth electrolytic cell of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a gear ring of a rare earth electrolytic cell of the present invention; Figure 5 The figure is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the bottom view of a rotating seat of a rare earth electrolytic cell of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a top view structure of a limiting ring of a rare earth electrolytic cell of the present invention; Figure 7 A rare earth electrolytic cell of the present invention Figure 5 The enlarged structural diagram at A in the middle; Figure 8 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the right side structure of an adjustment component of a rare earth electrolytic cell.

[0021] In the figure: 1, box body; 2, box cover; 3, anode; 4, cathode; 5, water inlet; 6, heat exchange component 1; 601, liquid inlet pipe; 602, connecting seat; 603, heat exchange pipe; 604, liquid outlet pipe; 7, rotating seat; 8, water inlet chamber; 9, heat exchange component 2; 10, drainage chamber; 11, valve; 12, drive component; 1201, support sleeve; 1202, fan shaft; 1203, driving gear; 1204, driven gear; 1205, sun gear; 1206, planetary gear Wheel; 1207, gear ring 1; 1208, gear ring 2; 1209, driving gear; 13, cleaning assembly; 1301, fixing sleeve; 1302, slide groove; 1303, slide column; 1304, sealing plug; 1305, spring; 1306, connecting column; 1307, adjusting plate; 1308, nozzle; 14, adjusting assembly; 1401, limiting ring; 1402, pulley; 1403, lifting rod; 1404, counterweight ring; 1405, support plate; 1406, rotating plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] See also Figures 1 to 8 The present invention provides a technical solution: a rare earth electrolytic cell, comprising a box body 1 and a heat exchange component 6, a box cover 2 is arranged on the top of the box body 1, and an anode 3 is fixed inside one end of the box cover 2, and a cathode 4 is arranged inside the other end of the box cover 2, a water inlet 5 is opened on one side of the bottom of the box body 1, and the heat exchange component 6 is arranged inside the lower end of the box body 1, and the heat exchange component 6 includes a liquid inlet pipe 601, a connecting seat 602, a heat exchange pipe 603 and a liquid outlet pipe 604, the lower end of the box body 1 is rotatably connected with the liquid inlet pipe 601, and the top of the liquid inlet pipe 601 is arranged with a connecting seat 602, and the connecting seat 602 is arranged on the top of the connecting seat 602. A heat exchange tube 603 is arranged on the top of the seat 602, and the heat exchange tube 603 is n-shaped, a liquid outlet pipe 604 is arranged on the bottom outer end of the connecting seat 602, and the axis of the liquid outlet pipe 604 coincides with the axis of the liquid inlet pipe 601, the outer side of the lower end of the connecting seat 602 is rotatably connected to a rotating seat 7, and a water inlet chamber 8 is arranged inside the lower end of the rotating seat 7, a heat exchange component 2 9 is arranged inside the outer end of the rotating seat 7, and the structure of the heat exchange component 2 9 is substantially consistent with the structure of the heat exchange component 1 6, a drainage chamber 10 is arranged inside the upper end of the rotating seat 7, and a valve 11 is connected to one side of the drainage chamber 10.

[0023] See also Figures 1 to 5A driving assembly 12 is arranged inside the lower end of the housing 1, and the driving assembly 12 includes a support sleeve 1201, a blade shaft 1202, a driving gear 1203 and a driven gear 1204. The support sleeve 1201 is arranged inside the lower end of the housing 1, and the blade shaft 1202 is arranged inside the support sleeve 1201. The driving gear 1203 is fixed to one end of the blade shaft 1202, and the driven gear 1204 is meshed on one side of the driving gear 1203. The size of the driving gear 1203 is smaller than that of the driven gear 1204, and the driven gear 1204 is fixedly connected to the liquid inlet pipe 601. The driving assembly 12 also includes a sun gear 1205, a planetary gear 1206, a planetary gear 1207, a planetary gear 1208, a planetary gear 1209, a planetary gear 1210, a planetary gear 1211, a planetary gear 1212, a planetary gear 1213, a planetary gear 1214, a planetary gear 1215, a planetary gear 1216, a planetary gear 1217, a planetary gear 1218, a planetary gear 1219, a planetary gear 1220, a planetary gear 1230, a planetary gear 1240, a planetary gear 1250, a planetary gear 1261, a planetary gear 1270, a planetary gear 1280, a planetary gear 1290, a planetary gear 1291, a planetary gear 1292, a planetary gear 1293, a planetary gear 1294, a planetary gear 1295, a planetary gear 1296, a planetary gear 1297, a planetary gear Gear 1206 and ring gear 1 1207, a sun gear 1205 is arranged on the outer side of the middle part of the liquid inlet pipe 601, and the outer side of the sun gear 1205 is meshed with a planetary gear 1206, and the planetary gear 1206 is rotatably connected to the housing 1, the outer side of the planetary gear 1206 is meshed with a ring gear 1207, and the ring gear 1207 is fixedly connected to the rotating seat 7, the driving assembly 12 also includes a ring gear 2 1208 and a driving gear 1209, the upper end of the rotating seat 7 is fixed with a ring gear 2 1208, and the inner side of the ring gear 2 1208 is meshed with a driving gear 1209, and the driving gear 1209 is fixedly connected to the heat exchange assembly 2 9; The specific operation is as follows: first install the anode 3 and the cathode 4 on the box cover 2, add the electrolyte into the box body 1, and close the box cover 2. After vacuuming and replenishing the inert gas, start the equipment to react. At this time, the pump body will transport the heat medium from the water inlet 5 to the lower end of the box body 1. Part of the heat medium will enter the heat exchange tube 603 from the liquid inlet pipe 601 and the connecting seat 602, while the other part of the heat medium will enter the heat exchange tube 603 on the heat exchange component 2 9 through the water inlet cavity 8. Since the multiple heat exchange tubes 603 are evenly distributed inside the box body 1, the heat exchange of the internal solution is more uniform, avoiding the occurrence of local overheating and overcooling, and at the same time improving the efficiency of heat exchange. When the heat medium drives the fan shaft 1202 to rotate, the driving gear 1203 will drive the driven gear 12 04, the liquid inlet pipe 601 inside will rotate, and the rotating seat 7 will be driven to rotate through the sun gear 1205, the planetary gear 1206 and the ring gear 1207, so that the heat exchange component 29 can make a circular motion around the center of the box body 1, fully contacting with the solution in all directions inside the box body 1, thereby improving the efficiency of heat exchange, and in the process of moving the heat exchange component 29, it will also drive the driving gear 1209 to roll in the ring gear 2 1208, so that the heat exchange component 29 can rotate, thereby improving the effect of stirring the internal solution, so that during electrolysis, the transmission of ions in the solution is accelerated, thereby accelerating the reaction rate, and after heat exchange, the heat medium inside the heat exchange tube 603 can also flow into the drainage chamber 10 through the liquid outlet pipe 604, and then be discharged through the valve 11 for recycling.

[0024] See also Figures 6 to 8The heat exchange tube 603 is provided with a cleaning assembly 13 inside, and the cleaning assembly 13 includes a fixed sleeve 1301, a slide groove 1302 and a slide column 1303. The fixed sleeve 1301 is arranged on the outside of the heat exchange tube 603, and the slide groove 1302 is provided on the inside of the fixed sleeve 1301, and the slide column 1303 is provided inside the slide groove 1302. The cleaning assembly 13 also includes a sealing plug 1304 and a spring 1305. One side of the slide column 1303 is fixed. The sealing plug 1304 is provided, and the sealing plug 1304 is engaged with the heat exchange tube 603. A spring 1305 is connected to one side of the sliding column 1303, and the sliding column 1303 is equidistantly distributed around the outer side of the sealing plug 1304. The cleaning assembly 13 also includes a connecting column 1306, an adjusting plate 1307 and a nozzle 1308. The connecting column 1306 is fixed to one side of the fixing sleeve 1301, and the outer side of the connecting column 1306 is sleeved with the adjusting plate 1307. 7, and a nozzle 1308 is provided on one side of the adjustment plate 1307, and an adjustment component 14 is provided on the other side of the adjustment plate 1307, and the adjustment component 14 includes a limit ring 1401, a pulley 1402 and a lifting rod 1403, and the top of the rotating seat 7 is fixed with a limit ring 1401, and the top of the limit ring 1401 is wavy, and the top of the limit ring 1401 is provided with a pulley 1402, and the top of the pulley 1402 is provided with a lifting rod 1 403, the adjustment assembly 14 also includes a counterweight ring 1404, a support plate 1405 and a rotating plate 1406, the counterweight ring 1404 is fixed to the outer side of the lower end of the lifting rod 1403, and the support plate 1405 is slidably connected to the outer side of the middle part of the lifting rod 1403, and the support plate 1405 is fixedly connected to the connecting seat 602, and the rotating plate 1406 is rotatably connected to one side of the lifting rod 1403, and the rotating plate 1406 is rotatably connected to the adjustment plate 1307; The specific operation is as follows. During electrolysis, the spring 1305 will push the sliding column 1303 to move under the limit of the sliding groove 1302, so that the sealing plug 1304 can be inserted into the opening on the heat exchange tube 603 to automatically seal it and avoid leakage during normal use. During cleaning, the valve 11 is closed and cleaning liquid is injected into the water inlet 5 through the pump body. As the water pressure inside the heat exchange tube 603 increases, the sealing plug 1304 squeezes the spring 1305, and the internal cleaning liquid passes through the connecting column 1306 into the inside of the adjustment plate 1307 and is sprayed out from the nozzle 1308, which can automatically rinse the inner wall of the box body 1 and other components, thereby improving the convenience of cleaning and maintenance. At the same time, during cleaning, since the heat exchange component 29 will also rotate and revolve, the orientation during cleaning can be changed, thereby The cleaning area is expanded, and when the rotating seat 7 rotates, the lifting rod 1403 is driven to move on the limiting ring 1401 through the support plate 1405. At this time, the pulley 1402 reduces the friction loss between the lifting rod 1403 and the limiting ring 1401, and the counterweight ring 1404 makes the pulley 1402 close to the limiting ring 1401. Therefore, when the lifting rod 1403 moves, it will move back and forth up and down under the wavy guidance of the top of the limiting ring 1401, and when the lifting rod 1403 moves up, it will squeeze the adjusting plate 1307 through the rotating plate 1406, so that the nozzle 1308 faces downward, and when the lifting rod 1403 moves downward, it will pull the adjusting plate 1307 through the rotating plate 1406, so that the nozzle 1308 faces upward, thereby automatically changing its flushing angle during the cleaning process, thereby expanding the flushing range.

[0025] In summary, when using this rare earth electrolytic cell, firstly, use the crude rare earth metal as the anode 3, use the pure rare earth metal as the cathode 4, and install them on the box cover 2. After adding the electrolyte, close the box cover 2, evacuate and add the inert gas, and then start the equipment to react. Then, the pump body will transport the heat medium from the water inlet 5 to the lower end of the box body 1. At this time, part of the heat medium will enter the heat exchange tube 603 from the liquid inlet pipe 601 and the connecting seat 602, and the other part of the heat medium will enter the heat exchange tube 603 on the heat exchange component 2 9 through the water inlet cavity 8. Because the multiple heat exchange tubes 603 are evenly distributed inside the box body 1, the heat exchange of the internal solution is more uniform. Secondly, when the heat medium drives the fan shaft 1202 to rotate, the driving gear 120 3 drives the liquid inlet pipe 601 inside the driven gear 1204 to rotate, and also drives the rotating seat 7 to rotate through the sun gear 1205, the planetary gear 1206 and the ring gear 1207, so that the heat exchange component 2 9 can make a circular motion around the center of the box body 1, fully contacting with the solution in all directions inside the box body 1, and in the process of the movement of the heat exchange component 2 9, it will also drive the driving gear 1209 to roll in the ring gear 1208, so that the heat exchange component 2 9 can rotate, thereby improving the effect of stirring the internal solution, and after heat exchange, the heat medium inside the heat exchange tube 603 can also flow into the drainage chamber 10 through the liquid outlet pipe 604, and then be discharged through the valve 11 for recycling, and then, during use, the spring 1305 will also push The sliding column 1303 is moved under the limit of the sliding groove 1302, and the sealing plug 1304 can be inserted into the opening on the heat exchange tube 603 to seal it. Finally, after the reaction is completed, the workpiece is taken out, and when the interior of the box body 1 needs to be cleaned and maintained, the valve 11 is closed. At this time, when the cleaning liquid is injected into the water inlet 5 through the pump body, the water pressure inside the heat exchange tube 603 will increase, so that the sealing plug 1304 squeezes the spring 1305, and the internal cleaning liquid will pass through the connecting column 1306 into the inside of the adjustment plate 1307 and be sprayed out from the nozzle 1308, which can automatically rinse the inner wall and other components of the box body 1. At the same time, during cleaning, since the heat exchange component 29 will also rotate and revolve, the direction of cleaning can be changed, and when the rotation When the seat 7 rotates, it will drive the lifting rod 1403 to move on the limiting ring 1401 through the support plate 1405. At this time, the pulley 1402 will reduce the friction loss between the lifting rod 1403 and the limiting ring 1401, and the counterweight ring 1404 will make the pulley 1402 close to the limiting ring 1401. Therefore, when the lifting rod 1403 moves, it will move back and forth up and down under the wavy guidance at the top of the limiting ring 1401, and when the lifting rod 1403 moves up, it will squeeze the adjusting plate 1307 through the rotating plate 1406, so that the nozzle 1308 faces downward, and when the lifting rod 1403 moves downward, it will pull the adjusting plate 1307 through the rotating plate 1406, so that the nozzle 1308 faces upward, thereby automatically changing the flushing angle during the cleaning process.

[0026] The embodiments of the present invention are given for the purpose of illustration and description, and are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the disclosed forms. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. The embodiments are selected and described in order to better illustrate the principles and practical applications of the present invention and to enable those of ordinary skill in the art to understand the present invention and thereby design various embodiments with various modifications suitable for specific uses.

Claims

1. A rare earth electrolytic cell, comprising a box body (1) and a heat exchange component (6), wherein a box cover (2) is arranged on the top of the box body (1), an anode (3) is fixed inside one end of the box cover (2), and a cathode (4) is arranged inside the other end of the box cover (2), a water inlet (5) is opened on one side of the bottom of the box body (1), and the heat exchange component (6) is arranged inside the lower end of the box body (1), characterized in that: The heat exchange component (6) comprises a liquid inlet pipe (601), a connecting seat (602), a heat exchange pipe (603) and a liquid outlet pipe (604); the liquid inlet pipe (601) is rotatably connected to the center of the lower end of the box body (1), and the connecting seat (602) is arranged on the top of the liquid inlet pipe (601); the heat exchange pipe (603) is arranged on the top of the connecting seat (602), and the heat exchange pipe (603) is in an n-shape; the liquid outlet pipe (604) is arranged on the outer end of the bottom of the connecting seat (602), and the liquid outlet pipe (604) is arranged on the outer end of the bottom of the connecting seat (602). 04) coincides with the axis of the liquid inlet pipe (601), the outer side of the lower end of the connecting seat (602) is rotatably connected to a rotating seat (7), and a water inlet chamber (8) is provided inside the lower end of the rotating seat (7), a heat exchange component 2 (9) is arranged inside the outer end of the rotating seat (7), and the structure of the heat exchange component 2 (9) is substantially the same as that of the heat exchange component 1 (6), a drainage chamber (10) is provided inside the upper end of the rotating seat (7), and a valve (11) is connected to one side of the drainage chamber (10).

2. A rare earth electrolytic cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: A driving assembly (12) is arranged inside the lower end of the housing (1), and the driving assembly (12) comprises a support sleeve (1201), a fan shaft (1202), a driving gear (1203) and a driven gear (1204). The support sleeve (1201) is arranged inside the lower end of the housing (1), and the fan shaft (1202) is arranged inside the support sleeve (1201). The driving gear (1203) is fixed to one end of the fan shaft (1202), and the driven gear (1204) is meshed with one side of the driving gear (1203).

3. A rare earth electrolytic cell according to claim 2, characterized in that: The size of the driving gear (1203) is smaller than that of the driven gear (1204), and the driven gear (1204) is fixedly connected to the liquid inlet pipe (601).

4. A rare earth electrolytic cell according to claim 2, characterized in that: The driving assembly (12) further comprises a sun gear (1205), a planetary gear (1206) and a ring gear (1207); the sun gear (1205) is arranged on the outer side of the middle portion of the liquid inlet pipe (601); the outer side of the sun gear (1205) is meshed with a planetary gear (1206); the planetary gear (1206) is rotatably connected to the housing (1); the outer side of the planetary gear (1206) is meshed with a ring gear (1207); and the ring gear (1207) is fixedly connected to the rotating seat (7).

5. A rare earth electrolytic cell according to claim 4, characterized in that: The driving assembly (12) further comprises a second gear ring (1208) and a driving gear (1209); the second gear ring (1208) is fixed inside the upper end of the rotating seat (7); the driving gear (1209) is meshed on the inner side of the second gear ring (1208); and the driving gear (1209) is fixedly connected to the second heat exchange assembly (9).

6. A rare earth electrolytic cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: A cleaning component (13) is arranged inside the heat exchange tube (603), and the cleaning component (13) comprises a fixed sleeve (1301), a slide groove (1302) and a slide column (1303); the fixed sleeve (1301) is arranged on the outside of the heat exchange tube (603), the slide groove (1302) is provided on the inside of the fixed sleeve (1301), and the slide column (1303) is provided inside the slide groove (1302).

7. A rare earth electrolytic cell according to claim 6, characterized in that: The cleaning assembly (13) further comprises a sealing plug (1304) and a spring (1305); a sealing plug (1304) is fixed to one side of the sliding column (1303), and the sealing plug (1304) is engaged with the heat exchange tube (603); a spring (1305) is connected to one side of the sliding column (1303), and the sliding column (1303) is equidistantly distributed around the outside of the sealing plug (1304).

8. A rare earth electrolytic cell according to claim 7, characterized in that: The cleaning assembly (13) further comprises a connecting column (1306), an adjusting plate (1307) and a nozzle (1308); the connecting column (1306) is fixed to one side of the fixing sleeve (1301); the adjusting plate (1307) is sleeved on the outer side of the connecting column (1306); and the nozzle (1308) is arranged on one side of the adjusting plate (1307).

9. A rare earth electrolytic cell according to claim 8, characterized in that: An adjustment component (14) is arranged on the other side of the adjustment plate (1307), and the adjustment component (14) comprises a limit ring (1401), a pulley (1402) and a lifting rod (1403); a limit ring (1401) is fixed on the top of the rotating seat (7), and the top of the limit ring (1401) is wavy; a pulley (1402) is arranged on the top of the limit ring (1401), and a lifting rod (1403) is arranged on the top of the pulley (1402).

10. A rare earth electrolytic cell according to claim 9, characterized in that: The adjustment assembly (14) further comprises a counterweight ring (1404), a support plate (1405) and a rotating plate (1406); the counterweight ring (1404) is fixed to the outer side of the lower end of the lifting rod (1403); the support plate (1405) is slidably connected to the outer side of the middle part of the lifting rod (1403); the support plate (1405) is fixedly connected to the connecting seat (602); one side of the lifting rod (1403) is rotatably connected to the rotating plate (1406); and the rotating plate (1406) is rotatably connected to the adjustment plate (1307).

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