Method, processor, apparatus and storage medium for predicting distribution of cuttings in a well

Abstract

The application provides a method, a processor, an apparatus and a storage medium for predicting the distribution of cuttings in a well, belonging to the technical field of oil drilling. The method comprises the following steps: based on a predetermined corresponding relationship between the inclination angle and the volume of the cuttings bed, obtaining the current volume of the cuttings bed and the current height of the cuttings bed corresponding to each inclination angle section in all well sections according to the total volume of the cuttings bed; based on a predetermined corresponding relationship between the inclination angle and the volume of the cuttings particles, obtaining the current volume of the cuttings particles and the current concentration of the cuttings particles corresponding to the suspension layer of each inclination angle section according to the total volume of the cuttings particles; based on a preset solid-liquid two-phase flow model, determining the predicted height of the cuttings bed corresponding to each inclination angle section of the target well and the predicted concentration of the cuttings particles corresponding to the suspension layer of each inclination angle section according to the current height of the cuttings bed and the current concentration of the cuttings particles. The application can predict the distribution of the cuttings in the well in real time.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of oil drilling, in particular to a method for predicting the distribution of cuttings in a well. BACKGROUND

[0002] During the drilling process, a cuttings bed is often formed in the medium and large angle sections (30-90 degrees) of the well. The distribution of the cuttings bed in the wellbore is unknown. When drilling is stopped and tripping is carried out, if the cuttings bed in the wellbore accumulates too much to cause tripping difficulty or even mechanical pipe sticking, it is necessary to predict the distribution of the cuttings bed in the wellbore during drilling and determine whether the tripping operation can be safely carried out based on the prediction. If the risk of tripping operation is too high, relevant measures can be taken to reduce the height of the cuttings bed based on the predicted distribution of the cuttings bed to reduce the risk of pipe sticking. Therefore, how to predict the distribution of the cuttings in the well is a problem to be solved. SUMMARY

[0003] The purpose of the embodiments of the present application is to provide a method for predicting the distribution of cuttings in a well, a processor, a device and a storage medium, to solve the problem of how to predict the distribution of cuttings in the well in the prior art.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the first aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides a method for predicting the distribution of cuttings in a well, the method comprising:

[0005] During the drilling process of the target well, the total volume of the cuttings bed of all well sections of the target well in a preset time period, the total volume of the cuttings particles in the suspended layer of all well sections, the cross-sectional area of the cuttings bed of each deviated well section of the target well and the annular volume of each deviated well section are obtained.

[0006] Based on the predetermined corresponding relationship between the deviation angle and the volume of the cuttings bed, the current volume of the cuttings bed corresponding to each deviated well section in all well sections is obtained according to the total volume of the cuttings bed.

[0007] According to the current volume of the cuttings bed and the cross-sectional area, the current height of the cuttings bed corresponding to each deviated well section is determined.

[0008] Based on the predetermined corresponding relationship between the deviation angle and the volume of the cuttings particles, the current volume of the cuttings particles corresponding to the suspended layer of each deviated well section is obtained according to the total volume of the cuttings particles.

[0009] The difference between the annular volume and the current volume of the cuttings bed is determined to obtain the volume of the suspended layer of the suspended layer of each deviated well section.

[0010] According to the volume of the suspended layer and the current volume of the cuttings particles, the current concentration of the cuttings particles corresponding to the suspended layer of each deviated well section is determined.

[0011] Based on a preset solid-liquid two-phase flow model, the predicted cuttings bed height corresponding to each hole deviation angle well section of the target well and the predicted cuttings particle volume concentration corresponding to the suspension layer of each hole deviation angle well section are determined according to the current cuttings bed height and the current cuttings particle volume concentration.

[0012] In the embodiment of the present application, the acquisition of the total volume of the cuttings bed comprises: acquiring the upflow cuttings mass of the upflow cuttings collected at the wellhead of the target well in a preset time period and the drilling speed of the drilling equipment; determining the upflow cuttings volume of the upflow cuttings according to the upflow cuttings mass and a preset cuttings density; determining the theoretical cuttings volume of the target well according to the drilling speed and the preset time period; determining the difference between the theoretical cuttings volume and the upflow cuttings volume to obtain the total volume of the cuttings in all well sections; determining the product value of the total volume of the cuttings and a preset proportionality coefficient to obtain the cuttings volume in the cuttings bed of all well sections; and determining the ratio of the cuttings volume to a preset solid content parameter to obtain the total volume of the cuttings bed.

[0013] In the embodiment of the present application, the acquisition of the total volume of the cuttings bed comprises: acquiring the upflow cuttings mass of the upflow cuttings collected at the wellhead of the target well in a preset time period and the drilling speed of the drilling equipment; determining the upflow cuttings volume of the upflow cuttings according to the upflow cuttings mass and a preset cuttings density; determining the theoretical cuttings volume of the target well according to the drilling speed and the preset time period; determining the difference between the theoretical cuttings volume and the upflow cuttings volume to obtain the total volume of the cuttings in all well sections; determining the product value of the total volume of the cuttings and a preset proportionality coefficient to obtain the cuttings volume in the cuttings bed of all well sections; and determining the ratio of the cuttings volume to a preset solid content parameter to obtain the total volume of the cuttings bed.

[0014] In the embodiment of the present application, based on the predetermined corresponding relationship between the hole deviation angle and the cuttings bed volume, the current cuttings bed volume corresponding to each hole deviation angle well section in all well sections is obtained according to the total volume of the cuttings bed, comprising: based on the predetermined corresponding relationship between the hole deviation angle and the cuttings bed volume, determining the initial cuttings bed volume corresponding to each hole deviation angle well section according to the preset 90-degree hole deviation angle well section cuttings bed volume; determining the sum of the initial cuttings bed volume corresponding to each hole deviation angle well section in all well sections to obtain the initial total volume of the cuttings bed; and in the case that the difference between the initial total volume of the cuttings bed and the total volume of the cuttings bed is greater than or equal to a preset error threshold, adjusting the preset 90-degree hole deviation angle well section cuttings bed volume until the difference between the sum of the cuttings bed volume corresponding to each hole deviation angle well section and the total volume of the cuttings bed is less than the preset error threshold to obtain the current cuttings bed volume.

[0015] In the embodiment of the present application, the current cuttings bed height corresponding to each hole deviation angle well section is determined according to the current cuttings bed volume and the cross-sectional area, comprising: determining the ratio of the current cuttings bed volume to the cross-sectional area to obtain the cuttings bed height corresponding to each hole deviation angle well section.

[0016] In the embodiment of the present application, based on the predetermined corresponding relationship between the hole inclination angle and the cuttings particle volume, the current cuttings particle volume corresponding to the suspension layer of each hole inclination section is obtained according to the total volume of cuttings particles, including: based on the predetermined corresponding relationship between the hole inclination angle and the cuttings particle volume, the initial cuttings particle volume corresponding to each hole inclination section is determined according to the preset 90-degree hole inclination section cuttings particle volume; the sum of the initial cuttings particle volume corresponding to each hole inclination section in all hole sections is determined to obtain the initial total volume of cuttings particles; in the case that the difference between the initial total volume of cuttings particles and the total volume of cuttings particles is greater than or equal to the preset error threshold, the preset 90-degree hole inclination section cuttings particle volume is adjusted until the difference between the sum of the initial cuttings particle volume corresponding to each hole inclination section and the total volume of cuttings particles is less than the preset error threshold, to obtain the current cuttings particle volume.

[0017] In the embodiment of the present application, the current cuttings particle volume concentration corresponding to the suspension layer of each hole inclination section is determined according to the suspension layer volume and the current cuttings particle volume, including: the ratio of the current cuttings particle volume to the suspension layer volume is determined to obtain the cuttings particle volume concentration.

[0018] In the embodiment of the present application, based on the preset solid-liquid two-phase flow model, the predicted cuttings bed height corresponding to each hole inclination section of the target well and the predicted cuttings particle volume concentration corresponding to the suspension layer of each hole inclination section are determined according to the current cuttings bed height and the current cuttings particle volume concentration, including: obtaining drilling working condition parameters; based on the preset solid-liquid two-phase flow model, the predicted cuttings bed height corresponding to each hole inclination section of the target well and the predicted cuttings particle volume concentration corresponding to the suspension layer of each hole inclination section are determined according to the drilling working condition parameters, the current cuttings bed height and the current cuttings particle volume concentration. 。

[0019] The second aspect of the embodiment of the present application provides a processor configured to execute the method for predicting the distribution of cuttings in a well.

[0020] The third aspect of the embodiment of the present application provides a device for predicting the distribution of cuttings in a well, and the device comprises:

[0021] The data acquisition module is configured to acquire, during the drilling process of the target well, the total volume of cuttings beds of all hole sections of the target well in a preset time period, the total volume of cuttings particles in the suspension layer of all hole sections, the cross-sectional area of the cuttings bed of each hole inclination section of the target well, and the annulus volume of each hole inclination section.

[0022] The cuttings bed volume determination module is configured to obtain, based on the predetermined corresponding relationship between the hole inclination angle and the cuttings bed volume, the current cuttings bed volume corresponding to each hole inclination section in all hole sections according to the total volume of cuttings beds.

[0023] a cuttings bed height determination module configured to determine, according to the cross-sectional area, a current cuttings bed height of the cuttings bed corresponding to each deviation hole section based on a predetermined correspondence between the cross-sectional area and the current cuttings bed height;

[0024] a cuttings particle volume determination module configured to obtain, according to the total volume of the cuttings particles, a current cuttings particle volume corresponding to the suspension layer of each deviation hole section based on a predetermined correspondence between the deviation angle and the cuttings particle volume;

[0025] a suspension layer volume determination module configured to determine a difference between the annular space volume and the current cuttings bed volume to obtain a suspension layer volume of the suspension layer of each deviation hole section;

[0026] a cuttings particle volume concentration determination module configured to determine, according to the suspension layer volume and the current cuttings particle volume, a current cuttings particle volume concentration corresponding to the suspension layer of each deviation hole section;

[0027] a data prediction module configured to determine, according to the current cuttings bed height and the current cuttings particle volume concentration, a predicted cuttings bed height corresponding to each deviation hole section of the target well and a predicted cuttings particle volume concentration corresponding to the suspension layer of each deviation hole section based on a predetermined solid-liquid two-phase flow model.

[0028] The fourth aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides a machine readable storage medium, and the machine readable storage medium stores instructions for causing a machine to execute the method for predicting the distribution of cuttings in a well.

[0029] The above technical solution considers two forms of cuttings, i.e., the cuttings bed and the suspension layer, obtains, according to the total volume of the cuttings bed, the current cuttings bed volume corresponding to each deviation hole section in all hole sections based on a predetermined correspondence between the deviation angle and the cuttings bed volume, further obtains the current cuttings bed height of the cuttings bed corresponding to each deviation hole section, so that the cuttings bed height of each hole section can be accurately obtained, obtains, according to the total volume of the cuttings particles, the current cuttings particle volume corresponding to the suspension layer of each deviation hole section based on a predetermined correspondence between the deviation angle and the cuttings particle volume, further obtains the current cuttings particle volume concentration corresponding to the suspension layer of each deviation hole section, so that the cuttings particle volume concentration of each hole section can be accurately obtained, and the real-time cuttings particle volume concentration and the real-time cuttings bed height can be predicted by using the predetermined solid-liquid two-phase flow model, the current cuttings particle volume concentration and the current cuttings bed height, the accuracy of the prediction result of the distribution of cuttings in the well is improved, and it is determined whether the drilling operation can be safely performed again based on the prediction result, so that the safety of the production operation is improved.

[0030] Other features and advantages of the embodiments of the present application will be described in detail in the following specific implementation part. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0031] The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of embodiments of the application, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of the specification, illustrate embodiments of the application, and are used to explain the principles of the application, but are not intended to limit the application. In the drawings:

[0032] Figure 1 A flowchart of a method for predicting a distribution of cuttings in a well is schematically shown in an embodiment of the application.

[0033] Figure 2 A block diagram of a structure of an apparatus for predicting a distribution of cuttings in a well is schematically shown in an embodiment of the application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and superiorities of the embodiments of the application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the application. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely used to explain and illustrate the embodiments of the application, and are not used to limit the embodiments of the application. Based on the embodiments in the application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort fall within the scope of the application.

[0035] It should be noted that the acquisition, transmission, storage, use, processing, and the like of data in the technical solutions of the application comply with relevant provisions of national laws and regulations. In the embodiments of the application, some industry existing solutions, components, models, and the like can be mentioned, which should be considered as exemplary, and the purpose is merely to illustrate the feasibility of the implementation of the technical solutions of the application, but does not mean that the applicant has or will necessarily use the solutions.

[0036] It should be noted that if the embodiments of the application involve directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, and the like), the directional indications are merely used to explain the relative positional relationship, movement, and the like between components in a certain specific posture (as shown in the drawings), and if the specific posture changes, the directional indications also change accordingly.

[0037] In addition, if the description of "first", "second" and the like is involved in the embodiments of the present application, the description of "first", "second" and the like is only for the purpose of description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying the relative importance of the indicated technical features or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features limited by "first", "second" can be explicitly or implicitly included at least one of the features. In addition, the technical solutions of various embodiments can be combined with each other, but it must be based on the realization of ordinary skilled in the art, when the combination of technical solutions appears contradictory or unachievable, it should be considered that the combination of technical solutions does not exist, nor in the protection scope claimed by the present application.

[0038] Figure 1 The flowchart for predicting the distribution of cuttings in the well in an embodiment of the present application is schematically shown. As shown in the figure, Figure 1 The method for predicting the distribution of cuttings in the well is provided in the embodiment of the present application, which is described by taking a processor as an example. The method can include the following steps:

[0039] In step S101, during the drilling process of the target well, the total volume of the cuttings bed of all well sections of the target well in a predetermined time period, the total volume of the cuttings particles in the suspended layer of all well sections, the cross-sectional area of each inclination well section of the target well and the annular volume of each inclination well section are obtained.

[0040] In step S102, based on the predetermined corresponding relationship between the inclination angle and the volume of the cuttings bed, the current volume of the cuttings bed corresponding to each inclination well section in all well sections is obtained according to the total volume of the cuttings bed.

[0041] In step S103, the current cuttings bed height corresponding to each inclination well section is determined according to the current volume of the cuttings bed and the cross-sectional area.

[0042] In step S104, based on the predetermined corresponding relationship between the inclination angle and the volume of the cuttings particles, the current volume of the cuttings particles corresponding to the suspended layer of each inclination well section is obtained according to the total volume of the cuttings particles.

[0043] In step S105, the difference between the annular volume and the current volume of the cuttings bed is determined to obtain the suspended layer volume of the suspended layer of each inclination well section.

[0044] In step S106, the current concentration of the cuttings particles corresponding to the suspended layer of each inclination well section is determined according to the suspended layer volume and the current volume of the cuttings particles.

[0045] Step S107, based on the preset solid-liquid two-phase flow model, the current cuttings bed height and the current cuttings particle volume concentration are used to determine the predicted cuttings bed height corresponding to each deviated hole section of the target well and the predicted cuttings particle volume concentration corresponding to the suspension layer of each deviated hole section.

[0046] It can be understood that the distribution of cuttings in the well is divided into two types, one is in the cuttings bed and the other is in the suspension layer. The cuttings bed is one of the distribution forms of cuttings in the well, and the cuttings bed is not a solid with only cuttings particles. The space between the particles is filled with drilling fluid. The total volume of the cuttings bed refers to the total volume of the cuttings bed of all hole sections in the well. The total volume of the cuttings bed is obtained by subtracting the difference between the previously calculated theoretical cuttings amount and the previously measured returned cuttings amount from the total amount of cuttings in the well, and then multiplying the total amount of cuttings in the well by the cuttings bed cuttings proportion coefficient to obtain the total volume of cuttings in the cuttings bed, and then obtaining the total volume of the cuttings bed by the ratio of the total volume of cuttings in the cuttings bed to the solid content parameter of the drilling fluid. The current cuttings bed volume refers to the currently calculated cuttings bed volume. The current cuttings bed height refers to the currently calculated cuttings bed height. The suspension layer volume refers to the volume of the suspension layer of each hole section. The total volume of cuttings particles is the total volume of cuttings particles in the suspension layer of all hole sections. The total volume of cuttings particles is obtained by multiplying the total amount of cuttings in the well by the suspension layer cuttings proportion coefficient. Another way to obtain the total volume of cuttings particles is to subtract the total volume of cuttings in the cuttings bed from the total amount of cuttings in the well. The current cuttings particle volume refers to the currently calculated volume of cuttings in the suspension layer. This cuttings is only in the suspension layer, not in the cuttings bed. The current cuttings particle volume concentration refers to the currently calculated volume concentration of cuttings in the suspension layer. The cross-sectional area of the cuttings bed refers to the cross-sectional area occupied by the cuttings bed. The annular volume refers to the volume of the space between the casing and the borehole. The annular volume in the well is occupied by the cuttings bed and the suspension layer volume. The cross-sectional area of the cuttings bed is equal to the cross-sectional area of the annulus minus the cross-sectional area of the suspension layer. The predicted cuttings bed height refers to the height of the future cuttings bed. The predicted cuttings particle volume concentration refers to the volume concentration of cuttings in the future suspension layer. The preset solid-liquid two-phase flow model is a model previously determined to predict the cuttings bed height and the cuttings particle volume concentration corresponding to the suspension layer. For example, it can be a transient two-layer cuttings transport model.

[0047] Specifically, the processor obtains the total volume of the cuttings bed of all well sections of the target well, the total volume of the cuttings particles in the suspension layer of all well sections, the cross-sectional area of each hole angle section of the target well and the annulus volume of each hole angle section in a preset time period during the drilling process of the target well, so as to subsequently obtain the current cuttings bed volume and the current cuttings particle volume concentration based on the corresponding relationship. The processor obtains the current cuttings bed volume of the cuttings bed corresponding to each hole angle section in all well sections based on the pre-determined corresponding relationship between the hole angle and the cuttings bed volume and the total volume of the cuttings bed, so that the present application can obtain the current cuttings bed volume of the cuttings bed corresponding to each hole angle section in all well sections. The processor determines the current cuttings bed height corresponding to each hole angle section according to the current cuttings bed volume and the cross-sectional area, so that the determined current cuttings bed height can be input into the preset solid-liquid two-phase flow model to obtain the real-time cuttings bed height. The processor obtains the current cuttings particle volume corresponding to the suspension layer of each hole angle section based on the pre-determined corresponding relationship between the hole angle and the cuttings particle volume and the total volume of the cuttings particles according to the total volume of the cuttings particles, and determines the current cuttings particle volume concentration corresponding to the suspension layer of each hole angle section according to the difference between the current annulus volume and the current cuttings bed volume to obtain the suspension layer volume of the suspension layer of each hole angle section, and according to the suspension layer volume and the current cuttings particle volume, so that the determined current cuttings particle concentration of the suspension layer can be input into the preset solid-liquid two-phase flow model to obtain the real-time cuttings particle concentration of the suspension layer. The processor also determines the predicted cuttings bed height corresponding to each hole angle section of the target well and the predicted cuttings particle volume concentration corresponding to the suspension layer of each hole angle section based on the preset solid-liquid two-phase flow model according to the current cuttings bed height and the current cuttings particle volume concentration.

[0048] The above technical solution considers the two forms of existence of cuttings, i.e. cuttings bed and suspension layer, obtains the current cuttings bed volume corresponding to each hole angle section in all well sections based on the pre-determined corresponding relationship between the hole angle and the cuttings bed volume and the total volume of the cuttings bed, further obtains the current cuttings bed height of the cuttings bed corresponding to each hole angle section, so that the cuttings bed height of each well section can be accurately obtained, obtains the current cuttings particle volume corresponding to the suspension layer of each hole angle section based on the pre-determined corresponding relationship between the hole angle and the cuttings particle volume and the total volume of the cuttings particles, and further obtains the current cuttings particle volume concentration corresponding to the suspension layer of each hole angle section, so that the cuttings particle volume concentration of each well section can be accurately obtained. The present application can predict the real-time cuttings particle volume concentration and the real-time cuttings bed height by using the preset solid-liquid two-phase flow model, the current cuttings particle volume concentration and the current cuttings bed height, improves the accuracy of the prediction result of the cuttings distribution in the well, and determines whether the drilling operation can be safely performed again based on the prediction result, thereby improving the safety of production operation.

[0049] In one embodiment, the obtaining of the total volume of the cuttings bed can include: obtaining a cuttings mass of the uphole cuttings collected at a wellhead of the target well and a drilling speed of a drilling device within a preset time period; determining a volume of the uphole cuttings according to the cuttings mass and a preset cuttings density; determining a theoretical cuttings volume of the target well according to the drilling speed and the preset time period; determining a difference between the theoretical cuttings volume and the volume of the uphole cuttings to obtain a total volume of the cuttings of all well sections; determining a product value of the total volume of the cuttings and a preset proportionality coefficient to obtain a cuttings volume in the cuttings bed of all well sections; and determining a ratio of the cuttings volume and a preset solid content parameter to obtain the total volume of the cuttings bed.

[0050] It can be understood that the total volume of cuttings refers to the total volume of the cuttings bed of all well sections in the well, and is also the difference between the theoretical volume of cuttings and the volume of returned cuttings. The volume of cuttings refers to the volume of cuttings in the cuttings bed of all well sections. The returned cuttings refer to the cuttings brought up by the drilling equipment during drilling. The measurement steps of the mass of returned cuttings are as follows: during drilling, the drilling fluid is treated by a shale shaker to remove the cuttings particles therein after circulating out of the well, a simple modification is made, a wet cuttings weighing device (at this time the cuttings adsorb drilling fluid) is added after the shale shaker, a cuttings washing device (to wash away the drilling fluid), a cuttings rapid drying device, and a dry cuttings weighing device, through a series of operations, the mass of returned cuttings in a preset time period is obtained. The preset cuttings density is the cuttings density obtained at the initial stage of drilling, and the volume of returned cuttings refers to the volume of cuttings brought up by the drilling equipment during drilling. Therefore, the volume of returned cuttings can be obtained by dividing the mass of returned cuttings by the cuttings density. The preset time period is mainly set according to the actual mechanical drilling speed on site, and the time for collecting 50 kg or 100 kg of wet cuttings can be set as a preset time period; or a preset time period determined by a fixed time, such as 0.5 h of collection. A series of continuous "returned cuttings" in a "preset time period" are collected, and the sum thereof is obtained to obtain the "returned cuttings" in a drilling process. The drill bit cuts the formation to form cuttings particles, a part of the cuttings particles is deposited in the low side of the wellbore to form a cuttings bed during migration, and a part of the cuttings is carried to the wellhead by the drilling fluid. The theoretical volume of cuttings refers to the volume of cuttings carried to the wellhead by the drilling fluid. Corresponding to the drilling process corresponding to the "returned cuttings", there is a mechanical drilling speed corresponding to the time point in the drilling process. The mechanical drilling speed is interpolated with respect to time to form a function of the mechanical drilling speed with respect to time. The theoretical volume of cuttings is obtained by integrating the relationship between the mechanical drilling speed and the time. The preset solid content parameter refers to the percentage of the volume of cuttings in the cuttings bed to the volume of the cuttings bed. When the "theoretical volume of cuttings" is less than the "returned cuttings", a serious wellbore collapse occurs in the wellbore at this time, and a large amount of cuttings in the wellbore are not generated by the drill bit cutting the formation, but are cuttings formed by the original wellbore cracking and falling. This part of the cuttings cannot be estimated theoretically, therefore, measures should be taken as soon as possible to maintain the stability of the wellbore, and then the cuttings at the bottom of the well are gradually cleaned. When the "theoretical volume of cuttings" is greater than or equal to the "returned cuttings", it is a normal drilling condition in most cases. The preset proportionality coefficient and the drilling parameter are related to the rheological property of the drilling fluid. The drilling parameters include displacement, drill pipe rotating speed, mechanical drilling speed, and the rheological property of the drilling fluid includes viscosity, dynamic shear force, and static shear force. Therefore, the proportionality coefficient is determined comprehensively by the drilling parameters and the rheological property of the drilling fluid.

[0051] Specifically, first, the processor determines the amount of cuttings remaining in the wellbore: in order to predict the dynamic distribution of cuttings in the wellbore, the amount of cuttings remaining in the wellbore at present will be taken as the initial value, but it will be processed. This part of the cuttings has two forms of existence, the suspended cuttings in the flow layer and the height of the cuttings bed deposited in the low side of the wellbore. A part of the cuttings remaining in the wellbore forms a cuttings bed, and the proportion of this part is related to the proportion coefficient and the actual situation of the well site. After determining the theoretical cuttings volume and the volume of the cuttings returned, the difference between the theoretical cuttings volume and the volume of the cuttings returned is obtained to obtain the total volume of the cuttings in the entire well section; and then the product of the total volume of the cuttings and the preset proportion coefficient is obtained to obtain the volume of the cuttings in the cuttings bed in the entire well section; because the cuttings bed is not a solid with only cuttings particles, the space between the particles is filled with drilling fluid, so the total volume of the cuttings bed at the bottom of the well is the total volume of the cuttings in the cuttings bed obtained above divided by the solid content coefficient.

[0052] In one embodiment, the obtaining of the total volume of the cuttings particles includes: determining the difference between the total volume of the cuttings and the volume of the cuttings to obtain the total volume of the cuttings particles.

[0053] Specifically, the total volume of the cuttings in the suspended particles plus the total volume of the cuttings in the cuttings bed is equal to the total volume of the cuttings, that is, the total volume of the cuttings in the suspended particles plus the total volume of the cuttings in the cuttings bed is equal to the difference between the "theoretical cuttings amount" and the "volume of the cuttings returned". Another total volume of the cuttings in the suspended particles can be obtained according to the product of the proportion coefficient of the suspended layer particles and the total volume of the cuttings in the entire well section.

[0054] In one embodiment, based on the predetermined corresponding relationship between the inclination angle and the volume of the cuttings bed, the current volume of the cuttings bed corresponding to each inclination angle well section in the entire well section is obtained according to the total volume of the cuttings bed, including: based on the predetermined corresponding relationship between the inclination angle and the volume of the cuttings bed, determining the initial volume of the cuttings bed corresponding to each inclination angle well section according to the preset volume of the cuttings bed of the 90-degree inclination angle well section; determining the sum of the initial volume of the cuttings bed corresponding to each inclination angle well section in the entire well section to obtain the initial total volume of the cuttings bed, and in the case that the difference between the initial total volume of the cuttings bed and the total volume of the cuttings bed is greater than or equal to the preset error threshold, adjusting the preset volume of the cuttings bed of the 90-degree inclination angle well section until the difference between the sum of the volume of the cuttings bed corresponding to each inclination angle well section and the total volume of the cuttings bed is less than the preset error threshold to obtain the current volume of the cuttings bed.

[0055] It can be understood that there are well sections with different hole angles in the well, and the current cuttings bed volume is the cuttings bed volume corresponding to each hole angle section in all well sections. The predetermined correspondence between hole angle and cuttings bed volume is the correspondence between the predetermined hole angle and the cuttings bed volume. The preset 90-degree hole angle section cuttings bed volume is the preset 90-degree hole angle section cuttings bed volume (the preset 90-degree hole angle section is a horizontal section), and the preset 90-degree hole angle section cuttings bed volume is an undetermined value, which is only set as a preset value to calculate the cuttings bed volume corresponding to each hole angle section according to the preset 90-degree hole angle section cuttings bed volume. The initial cuttings bed volume is the cuttings bed volume corresponding to each hole angle section calculated according to the preset 90-degree hole angle section cuttings bed volume. The preset error threshold is a preset error threshold, which is set to 0.001% in the application, and can also be set to other values according to other accuracy requirements.

[0056] Specifically, the cuttings bed is distributed in the well section with a hole angle of 30-90 degrees, the total cuttings bed volume is known, and the cuttings bed distribution of each well section is solved, which requires iterative calculation. The application assumes that the cuttings bed volume of the horizontal section (hole angle 90 degrees) is known, because there is a quantitative relationship between the amount of cuttings deposited in the well section and the hole angle. For a well section with a length of Δx, the deposited cuttings bed volume of different hole angles has the following quantitative relationship:

[0057] ΔV b,α = ΔV b,90 (1+0.005556α)[1+0.4sin(2α)] / 1.5

[0058] The processor first assumes that the volume of cuttings deposited in the well section with a length of Δx and a hole angle of 90 degrees is ΔV b,90 , and then the cuttings volume of the well section corresponding to other hole angles can be obtained as ΔV b,α . Sum the cuttings volume of all well sections V b,test . If V b,test is less than the total volume of the cuttings bed calculated above, increase the assumed ΔV b,90 , and continue the iterative calculation. If the error between V b,test and the total volume of the cuttings bed calculated above is less than 0.001%, the iteration is completed. The volume of the cuttings bed can be converted into the height of the cuttings bed h c,α through geometric relationship.

[0059] The processor converts the volume of the cuttings bed into the height of the cuttings bed through geometric relationship, and first calculates the cross-sectional area of the cuttings bed. According to the cross-sectional area of the cuttings bed and the cuttings bed volume corresponding to each hole angle, the height of the cuttings bed corresponding to each hole angle is obtained.

[0060] In one embodiment, based on the predetermined correspondence between the hole inclination angle and the volume of the cuttings particles, the current volume of the cuttings particles corresponding to each hole inclination section is obtained according to the total volume of the cuttings particles, including: based on the predetermined correspondence between the hole inclination angle and the volume of the cuttings particles, determining the initial volume of the cuttings particles corresponding to each hole inclination section according to the preset volume of the cuttings particles of the 90-degree hole inclination section; determining the sum of the initial volume of the cuttings particles corresponding to each hole inclination section in all hole sections to obtain the initial total volume of the cuttings particles; in the case that the difference between the initial total volume of the cuttings particles and the total volume of the cuttings particles is greater than or equal to the preset error threshold, adjusting the preset volume of the cuttings particles of the 90-degree hole inclination section until the difference between the sum of the initial volume of the cuttings particles corresponding to each hole inclination section and the total volume of the cuttings particles is less than the preset error threshold to obtain the current volume of the cuttings particles.

[0061] It can be understood that the predetermined correspondence between the hole inclination angle and the volume of the cuttings particles is the relationship between the predetermined hole inclination angle and the volume of the cuttings particles. The preset volume of the cuttings particles of the 90-degree hole inclination section is the volume of the cuttings of the suspension layer of the hole section with a hole inclination angle of 90 degrees. This preset volume of the cuttings particles of the 90-degree hole inclination section is an undetermined value, which is only a preset value to calculate the volume of the cuttings particles corresponding to each hole inclination section according to the preset volume of the cuttings particles of the 90-degree hole inclination section. The initial volume of the cuttings particles is the volume of the cuttings particles corresponding to each hole inclination section calculated according to the preset volume of the cuttings particles of the 90-degree hole inclination section. The preset error threshold is a preset error threshold, which is set to 0.001% in the present application, and can be set to other values according to other accuracy requirements.

[0062] Specifically, the method for calculating the amount of cuttings particles suspended in the annular flow layer above the cuttings bed is consistent with the calculation of the amount of the cuttings bed. For a hole section with a length of a, the volume of the cuttings particles suspended in the flow layer at different hole inclination angles has the following quantitative relationship:

[0063] ΔV sp,α = ΔV sp,90 (1+0.005556a)[1+0.4sin(2a)] / 1.5

[0064] The processor first assumes that the volume of the cuttings suspended in the hole section with a length of Δx and a hole inclination angle of 90 degrees is ΔV sp,90 , and then the volume of the cuttings corresponding to the hole section with other hole inclination angles can be obtained as ΔV sp,α . The sum of the volumes of the cuttings of all hole sections is V sp,test . If V sp,test is less than the total volume of the cuttings particles, the assumed ΔV sp,90 is increased, and the iterative calculation is continued. If V sp,testIf the error of the total volume of the cuttings particles is less than 0.001% than the iteration is completed.

[0065] In one embodiment, the current concentration of the cuttings particles in the suspension layer of each deviated well section is determined according to the volume of the suspension layer and the current volume of the cuttings particles, including: determining the ratio of the current volume of the cuttings particles to the volume of the suspension layer to obtain the concentration of the volume of the cuttings particles.

[0066] Specifically, the product of the volume of the suspension layer and the concentration of the volume of the cuttings particles is the current volume of the cuttings particles, and thus the concentration of the volume of the cuttings particles can be obtained from the ratio of the current volume of the cuttings particles to the volume of the suspension layer.

[0067] In one embodiment, the predicted cuttings bed height of each deviated well section of the target well and the predicted concentration of the volume of the cuttings particles in the suspension layer of each deviated well section are determined according to the current cuttings bed height and the current concentration of the volume of the cuttings particles based on the preset solid-liquid two-phase flow model, including: obtaining drilling condition parameters; and determining the predicted cuttings bed height of each deviated well section of the target well and the predicted concentration of the volume of the cuttings particles in the suspension layer of each deviated well section according to the drilling condition parameters, the current cuttings bed height and the current concentration of the volume of the cuttings particles based on the preset solid-liquid two-phase flow model.

[0068] It can be understood that the current cuttings bed height refers to the currently calculated cuttings bed height. The current concentration of the volume of the cuttings particles refers to the currently calculated concentration of the volume of the cuttings in the suspension layer. The predicted cuttings bed height is the future cuttings bed height predicted by the preset solid-liquid two-phase flow model. The predicted concentration of the volume of the cuttings particles is the future concentration of the volume of the cuttings particles predicted by the preset solid-liquid two-phase flow model. The drilling condition parameters can include drilling fluid displacement, drill pipe size, drilling fluid rheological property, inclination data, rate of penetration, drill pipe rotation speed, etc.

[0069] Specifically, the processor obtains the cuttings bed height and the cuttings concentration of all well sections in the whole wellbore, and the cuttings bed height and the cuttings concentration are different for different deviated well sections. These results are the initial values of the solid-liquid two-phase flow model, and the subsequent calculation is performed by using the transient two-layer cuttings transport model, so that the cuttings transport process in the wellbore under the drilling condition can be predicted in real time, and finally the distribution of the cuttings in the wellbore is obtained.

[0070] The transient two-layer cuttings transport model can be as follows:

[0071]

[0072] -τ sbw S sb +τ sbsd S sbsd -F+v sb Φ sb

[0073]

[0074] -C f τ fw S sd -C f τ sbsd S sdsb -F cf -(v f -v sb )Φ sdf

[0075]

[0076] -C c τ cw S sd -C c τ sbsd S sbsd +F cf -(v c -v sb )Φ sdc

[0077] C, volume concentration; p, density; A, annulus cross-sectional area; v, flow rate; p, pressure; subscript f represents fluid; c represents cuttings; sb represents cuttings bed, sd represents flow-by zone; F cf , multi-particle drag force; F, dry friction force; Q, well deviation angle; τ, shear stress, subscript sbsd represents the interface between the two zones, fw represents the interface between the fluid in the flow-by zone and the drill pipe and wellbore wall, cw represents the interface between the cuttings in the flow-by zone and the drill pipe and wellbore wall, sbw represents the interface between the cuttings bed and the drill pipe and wellbore wall, Φ sdc , Φ sdf and Φ sb are mass exchange coefficients.

[0078] The model results are solved to obtain the cuttings distribution in the wellbore as a function of drilling time and wellbore depth:

[0079] h c,α ~ t, D m C α ~ t, D m

[0080] t is the drilling time since the start of the calculation D m is the depth corresponding to each location in the wellbore, h c,α is the real-time cuttings bed height for each well deviation angle, C α is the real-time volume concentration of the suspended cuttings layer for each well deviation angle.

[0081] In a specific embodiment, a method for predicting the distribution of cuttings in a well is provided. The distribution of cuttings is divided into two parts for detailed calculation, which are the cuttings in the cuttings bed and the cuttings in the suspension layer. The sum of the two parts is the difference between the theoretical amount of cuttings and the amount of cuttings detected by uphole detection, which is the difference between the amount of cuttings that should be generated and the amount of cuttings detected by uphole detection. The total amount of cuttings present at the bottom of the well is then determined based on a proportionality coefficient to determine the amount of cuttings in the cuttings bed and the amount of cuttings in the suspension layer, respectively. In the case where the amount of cuttings in both the cuttings bed and the suspension layer is known, the total volume of the cuttings bed can be determined based on a solid content coefficient, as the cuttings bed contains not only cuttings but also drilling fluid. Since the well section has different hole angles, the volume of the cuttings bed for different hole angles needs to be determined. In the predetermined relationship between hole angle and cuttings bed volume, the independent variable is the hole angle and the dependent variable is the volume of the cuttings bed for different hole angles. The volume of the cuttings bed for a 90-degree hole angle is a predetermined amount. Therefore, the volume of the cuttings bed for each section is determined based on the predetermined relationship between hole angle and cuttings bed volume and the predetermined volume of the cuttings bed for a 90-degree hole angle. The total volume of the cuttings bed for each section is obtained by superimposing the volume of the cuttings bed for each section determined based on the predetermined relationship between hole angle and cuttings bed volume. The total volume of the cuttings bed is compared with the total volume of the cuttings bed determined based on the solid content coefficient. When the error between the two is greater than or equal to 0.001%, the predetermined volume of the cuttings bed for a 90-degree hole angle is adjusted until the error is less than 0.001%. The volume of the cuttings bed for each hole angle is then determined based on the adjusted volume of the cuttings bed for a 90-degree hole angle. The height of the cuttings bed for each hole angle is determined based on the volume of the cuttings bed and the cross-sectional area of the cuttings bed. The concentration of cuttings in the suspension layer is determined by first determining the amount of cuttings in the suspension layer for different hole angles. In the predetermined relationship between hole angle and cuttings volume in the suspension layer, the independent variable is the hole angle and the dependent variable is the volume of cuttings in the suspension layer for different hole angles. The volume of cuttings in the suspension layer for a 90-degree hole angle is a predetermined amount. Therefore, the volume of cuttings in the suspension layer for each hole angle is determined based on the predetermined relationship between hole angle and cuttings volume in the suspension layer and the predetermined volume of cuttings in the suspension layer for a 90-degree hole angle. The volume of cuttings in the suspension layer for each hole angle is then superimposed and summed based on the predetermined relationship between hole angle and cuttings volume in the suspension layer. The total volume of cuttings in the suspension layer is compared with the total volume of cuttings in the suspension layer determined based on the proportionality coefficient. When the error between the two is greater than or equal to 0.001%, the predetermined volume of cuttings in the suspension layer for a 90-degree hole angle is adjusted until the error is less than 0.001%. The volume of cuttings in the suspension layer for each hole angle is then determined based on the adjusted volume of cuttings in the suspension layer for a 90-degree hole angle.The volume concentration of the cuttings in the suspension layer corresponding to each inclination angle is the volume of the cuttings in the suspension layer corresponding to each inclination angle divided by the volume of the suspension layer corresponding to each inclination angle, and the volume of the suspension layer corresponding to each inclination angle is the difference between the annular volume of each hole section and the volume of the cuttings bed of each hole section obtained previously.

[0082] The specific steps can be as follows:

[0083] (1) Collect the cuttings returned at the wellhead, and remove the adsorbed drilling fluid and the weighting material (such as barite) in the drilling fluid during the collection process, then dry and weigh the returned cuttings to obtain the "returned cuttings amount" in the measured drilling time period, and measure the density of the cuttings. The calculation formula is wherein V m,step is the volume of the cuttings collected in the measurement time period, M m,step is the mass of the cuttings collected in the preset time period, p c is the density of the cuttings. V m,sum is the total returned cuttings volume in the preset time period.

[0084] (2) Calculate the "theoretical cuttings amount" generated at the bottom hole: according to the mechanical drilling speed recorded by the mud logging instrument, the corresponding drilling time period can be calculated to obtain the "theoretical cuttings amount" generated at the bottom hole, and the hole expansion rate should also be considered in the calculation, which depends on the information provided by the adjacent well or the experimental well and the type of drill bit; in addition, the additional cuttings generated by the well wall collapse and falling caused by the unstable well wall also need to be considered. The calculation formula is wherein d bit is the drill bit diameter, V t is the theoretical cuttings amount, and ROP(t) is the mechanical drilling speed.

[0085] (3) Obtain the difference between the theoretical cuttings amount and the actual collected cuttings amount, that is, the cuttings deposited in the wellbore, which is V re = V t -V m,sum , wherein V re is the cuttings deposited in the wellbore, V t is the theoretical cuttings amount, and V m,sum is the total returned cuttings volume in the preset time period.

[0086] (4) In the drilling process of the target well, obtain the total volume of the cuttings bed of the cuttings bed of all hole sections in the target well in the preset time period. A part of the cuttings remaining in the wellbore forms a cuttings bed, and the proportion is related to the drilling parameters and the actual well site, and the calculation formula is V re,sb= M sb V re , wherein V re,sb is the total volume of the cuttings in the cuttings bed, M sb is the volume proportionality coefficient of the cuttings in the cuttings bed, V re is the cuttings deposited in the wellbore.

[0087] (5) The total volume of the cuttings particles in the suspension layer of the entire well section is obtained, and the calculation formula is V re,sp = (1 - M sb ) V re , wherein V re,sp is the total volume of the cuttings particles in the suspension layer, M sb is the volume proportionality coefficient of the cuttings in the cuttings bed, V re is the cuttings deposited in the wellbore.

[0088] (6) The total volume of the cuttings bed at the well bottom is obtained, and the calculation formula is V re,b = V re,sb / C sb . V re,n is the total volume of the cuttings bed at the well bottom, C sb is the solid phase parameter, and V re,sb is the total volume of the cuttings in the cuttings bed.

[0089] (7) The cross-sectional area of the cuttings bed of each inclination angle well section of the target well is obtained.

[0090] (8) Based on the predetermined correspondence between the inclination angle and the cuttings bed volume, the current cuttings bed volume corresponding to each inclination angle well section in the entire well section is obtained according to the total volume of the cuttings bed.

[0091] The volume of the cuttings bed of each well section is obtained, and the volume of the cuttings bed of each well section obtained according to the predetermined correspondence between the inclination angle and the cuttings bed volume is superimposed to obtain the total volume of the cuttings bed of each well section under the condition that the volume of the cuttings bed of the 90-degree inclination angle well section is preset, and the total volume is compared with the total volume of the cuttings bed obtained according to the solid content coefficient, when the error value is greater than or equal to 0.001%, the volume of the cuttings bed of the 90-degree inclination angle well section is adjusted until the error is less than 0.001%, and the volume of the cuttings bed corresponding to each inclination angle is obtained according to the volume of the cuttings bed of the 90-degree inclination angle well section which has been adjusted.

[0092] (9) Based on the correspondence between the current cuttings bed height and the cross-sectional area, the current cuttings bed height of the cuttings bed corresponding to each inclination angle well section is determined according to the cross-sectional area.

[0093] (10) based on the predetermined correspondence between the hole inclination angle and the volume of the cuttings particles, the current volume of the cuttings particles corresponding to the suspension layer of each hole inclination angle section is obtained according to the total volume of the cuttings particles.

[0094] The volume of the cuttings in the suspension layer corresponding to each hole inclination angle is obtained according to the predetermined correspondence between the hole inclination angle and the volume of the cuttings in the suspension layer, and then the volume of the cuttings in the suspension layer corresponding to each hole inclination angle is superimposed and summed up, and the summed volume of the cuttings in the suspension layer is compared with the total volume of the cuttings in the suspension layer obtained according to the proportion coefficient, when the error value is greater than or equal to 0.001%, the preset volume of the cuttings in the 90-degree hole inclination angle section is adjusted until the error is less than 0.001%, and then the volume of the cuttings in the suspension layer corresponding to each hole inclination angle is obtained according to the adjusted volume of the cuttings in the 90-degree hole inclination angle section.

[0095] (11) The difference between the annulus volume and the current volume of the cuttings bed is determined to obtain the volume of the suspension layer of the suspension layer of each hole inclination angle section; wherein the annulus volume is measured in advance.

[0096] (12) The current volume concentration of the cuttings particles corresponding to the suspension layer of each hole inclination angle section is determined according to the volume of the suspension layer and the current volume of the cuttings particles.

[0097] (13) Based on the preset solid-liquid two-phase flow model, the predicted height of the cuttings bed corresponding to each hole inclination angle section of the target well and the predicted volume concentration of the cuttings particles corresponding to the suspension layer of each hole inclination angle section are determined according to the current height of the cuttings bed and the current volume concentration of the cuttings particles.

[0098] In summary, the technical scheme provided by the embodiments of the present application has the following advantages: During drilling, a cuttings bed is often formed in the medium and large hole inclination angle sections, and the distribution of the cuttings bed in the wellbore is unknown. Therefore, the present application can predict the distribution of the cuttings bed in the wellbore during drilling, so as to avoid the problem that the cuttings bed in the wellbore accumulates too much when the drilling is stopped and the tripping operation is carried out, causing the tripping difficulty or even the mechanical pipe sticking. At the same time, it is determined whether the tripping operation can be safely carried out based on this. The risk level of the tripping operation is determined, and relevant measures are taken to reduce the height of the cuttings bed based on the predicted distribution of the cuttings bed, so as to achieve the effect of reducing the risk of pipe sticking.

[0099] The second aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides a processor configured to execute the method for predicting the distribution of cuttings in a well according to the above embodiments.

[0100] Figure 2 The structure block diagram of the device for predicting the distribution of cuttings in a well in an embodiment of the present application is schematically shown. Figure 2As shown, the third aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides a device 200 for predicting the distribution of cuttings in a well, which can include:

[0101] A data acquisition module 201 is configured to acquire, during the drilling of the target well, the total volume of the cuttings bed of the cuttings bed of all well sections of the target well, the total volume of the cuttings particles in the suspended layer of all well sections, the cross-sectional area of each hole angle section of the target well, and the annular volume of each hole angle section within a preset time period;

[0102] A cuttings bed volume determination module 202 is configured to obtain, based on a predetermined correspondence between hole angle and cuttings bed volume, the current cuttings bed volume corresponding to each hole angle section in all well sections according to the total volume of the cuttings bed;

[0103] A cuttings bed height determination module 203 is configured to determine, based on a predetermined correspondence between the current cuttings bed height and the cross-sectional area, the current cuttings bed height of the cuttings bed corresponding to each hole angle section according to the cross-sectional area;

[0104] A cuttings particle volume determination module 204 is configured to obtain, based on a predetermined correspondence between hole angle and cuttings particle volume, the current cuttings particle volume corresponding to the suspended layer of each hole angle section according to the total volume of the cuttings particles;

[0105] A suspended layer volume determination module 205 is configured to determine the difference between the annular volume and the current cuttings bed volume to obtain the suspended layer volume of the suspended layer of each hole angle section;

[0106] A cuttings particle volume concentration determination module 206 is configured to determine, according to the suspended layer volume and the current cuttings particle volume, the current cuttings particle volume concentration corresponding to the suspended layer of each hole angle section;

[0107] A data prediction module 207 is configured to determine, based on a predetermined solid-liquid two-phase flow model, the predicted cuttings bed height corresponding to each hole angle section of the target well and the predicted cuttings particle volume concentration corresponding to the suspended layer of each hole angle section according to the current cuttings bed height and the current cuttings particle volume concentration.

[0108] The device 200 for predicting the distribution of cuttings in a well considers two forms of existence of cuttings, a cuttings bed and a suspension layer, and based on a predetermined corresponding relationship between a deviation angle and a volume of the cuttings bed, a current volume of the cuttings bed corresponding to each deviation angle section in all well sections is obtained according to a total volume of the cuttings bed. A current height of the cuttings bed corresponding to each deviation angle section is further obtained, so that the height of the cuttings bed in each section can be accurately obtained. Based on a predetermined corresponding relationship between a deviation angle and a volume of cuttings particles, a current volume of cuttings particles corresponding to a suspension layer of each deviation angle section is obtained according to a total volume of the cuttings particles, and a current concentration of the cuttings particles corresponding to the suspension layer of each deviation angle section is further obtained, so that the concentration of the cuttings particles in each section can be accurately obtained. The preset solid-liquid two-phase flow model, the current concentration of the cuttings particles and the current height of the cuttings bed can be used to predict the real-time concentration of the cuttings particles and the real-time height of the cuttings bed, and the accuracy of the prediction result of the distribution of the cuttings in the well is improved. Whether the tripping operation can be safely performed is determined based on the prediction result, and the safety of the production operation is improved.

[0109] In one embodiment, the data acquisition module 201 is further configured to: acquire a volume of the uphole cuttings and a drilling speed of the drilling equipment of the target well in a preset time period; determine a volume of the uphole cuttings according to the volume of the uphole cuttings and a preset density of the cuttings; determine a theoretical volume of the cuttings of the target well according to the drilling speed and the preset time period; determine a difference between the theoretical volume of the cuttings and the volume of the uphole cuttings to obtain a total volume of the cuttings in all well sections; determine a product of the total volume of the cuttings and a preset proportionality coefficient to obtain a volume of the cuttings in the cuttings bed in all well sections; and determine a ratio of the volume of the cuttings to a preset solid content parameter to obtain a total volume of the cuttings bed.

[0110] In one embodiment, the data acquisition module 201 is further configured to: determine a difference between the total volume of the cuttings and the volume of the cuttings to obtain a total volume of the cuttings particles.

[0111] In one embodiment, the cuttings bed volume determination module 202 is further configured to: based on a predetermined corresponding relationship between a deviation angle and a volume of the cuttings bed, obtain a current volume of the cuttings bed corresponding to each deviation angle section in all well sections according to a total volume of the cuttings bed, including: based on the predetermined corresponding relationship between the deviation angle and the volume of the cuttings bed, determine an initial volume of the cuttings bed corresponding to each deviation angle section according to a preset volume of the cuttings bed in a 90-degree deviation angle section; determine a sum of the initial volumes of the cuttings bed corresponding to each deviation angle section in all well sections to obtain an initial total volume of the cuttings bed; and in a case where a difference between the initial total volume of the cuttings bed and the total volume of the cuttings bed is greater than or equal to a preset error threshold, adjust the preset volume of the cuttings bed in the 90-degree deviation angle section until a difference between a sum of the volumes of the cuttings bed corresponding to each deviation angle section and the total volume of the cuttings bed is less than the preset error threshold to obtain a current volume of the cuttings bed.

[0112] In one embodiment, the cuttings particle volume determination module 204 is further configured to: based on the predetermined well deviation angle and cuttings particle volume correspondence relationship, obtain the current cuttings particle volume corresponding to the suspension layer of each well deviation angle section according to the total cuttings particle volume, including: based on the predetermined well deviation angle and cuttings particle volume correspondence relationship, determining the initial cuttings particle volume corresponding to each well deviation angle section according to the preset 90-degree well deviation angle section cuttings particle volume; determining the sum of the initial cuttings particle volume corresponding to each well deviation angle section in all well sections to obtain the initial total cuttings particle volume; in the case that the difference between the initial total cuttings particle volume and the total cuttings particle volume is greater than or equal to the preset error threshold, adjusting the preset 90-degree well deviation angle section cuttings particle volume until the difference between the sum of the initial cuttings particle volume corresponding to each well deviation angle section and the total cuttings particle volume is less than the preset error threshold to obtain the current cuttings particle volume.

[0113] In one embodiment, the cuttings particle volume concentration determination module 206 is further configured to: based on the suspension layer volume and the current cuttings particle volume, determine the current cuttings particle volume concentration corresponding to the suspension layer of each well deviation angle section, including: determining the ratio of the current cuttings particle volume to the suspension layer volume to obtain the cuttings particle volume concentration.

[0114] In one embodiment, the data prediction module 207 is further configured to: based on the preset solid-liquid two-phase flow model, determine the predicted cuttings bed height corresponding to each well deviation angle section of the target well and the predicted cuttings particle volume concentration corresponding to the suspension layer of each well deviation angle section according to the current cuttings bed height and the current cuttings particle volume concentration, including: obtaining drilling working condition parameters; based on the preset solid-liquid two-phase flow model, determining the predicted cuttings bed height corresponding to each well deviation angle section of the target well and the predicted cuttings particle volume concentration corresponding to the suspension layer of each well deviation angle section according to the drilling working condition parameters, the current cuttings bed height and the current cuttings particle volume concentration 。

[0115] The fourth aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides a machine readable storage medium, and the machine readable storage medium stores instructions. The instructions are used to make a machine execute the method for predicting the distribution of cuttings in a well according to the above-mentioned embodiments.

[0116] It should also be noted that the terms "comprising", "comprises" or other variations thereof are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but can also include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0117] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the present application, but not to limit it. Instead of the above, various modifications and changes can be made to the application by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the application shall fall into the scope of the claims of the application.

Claims

1. A method for predicting distribution of cuttings in a well, characterized by, The method comprises: During drilling of a target well, obtaining a total volume of a cuttings bed of all well sections of the target well in a preset time period, a total volume of cuttings particles in a suspension layer of the all well sections, a cross-sectional area of the cuttings bed of each hole inclination section of the target well, and an annulus volume of each hole inclination section; Based on a predetermined correspondence between hole inclination and cuttings bed volume, a current cuttings bed volume corresponding to each hole inclination section in the all well sections is obtained according to the total volume of the cuttings bed; Based on a correspondence between current cuttings bed height and the cross-sectional area, a current cuttings bed height of the cuttings bed corresponding to each of the hole inclination sections is determined according to the cross-sectional area; Based on a predetermined correspondence between hole inclination and cuttings particle volume, a current cuttings particle volume corresponding to the suspension layer of each of the hole inclination sections is obtained according to the total volume of the cuttings particles; A difference between the annulus volume and the current cuttings bed volume is determined to obtain a suspension layer volume of the suspension layer of each of the hole inclination sections; According to the suspension layer volume and the current cuttings particle volume, a current cuttings particle volume concentration corresponding to the suspension layer of each of the hole inclination sections is determined; Based on a predetermined solid-liquid two-phase flow model, a predicted cuttings bed height corresponding to each hole inclination section of the target well and a predicted cuttings particle volume concentration corresponding to the suspension layer of each hole inclination section are determined according to the current cuttings bed height and the current cuttings particle volume concentration. The total volume of the cuttings bed is obtained by: obtaining a mass of uphole cuttings collected at a wellhead of the target well in the preset time period and a drilling speed of a drilling device; determining a volume of the uphole cuttings according to the mass of the uphole cuttings and a preset cuttings density; determining a theoretical cuttings volume of the target well according to the drilling speed and the preset time period; determining a difference between the theoretical cuttings volume and the volume of the uphole cuttings to obtain a total volume of cuttings of all well sections; determining a product value of the total volume of cuttings and a preset proportionality coefficient to obtain a cuttings volume in the cuttings bed of the all well sections; and determining a ratio of the cuttings volume to a preset solid content parameter to obtain the total volume of the cuttings bed. The determination of the predicted cuttings bed height and the predicted cuttings particle volume concentration corresponding to each hole inclination section of the target well and the suspension layer of each hole inclination section according to the current cuttings bed height and the current cuttings particle volume concentration based on the predetermined solid-liquid two-phase flow model comprises: obtaining drilling condition parameters; determining the predicted cuttings bed height corresponding to each hole inclination section of the target well and the predicted cuttings particle volume concentration corresponding to the suspension layer of each hole inclination section according to the drilling condition parameters, the current cuttings bed height, and the current cuttings particle volume concentration based on the predetermined solid-liquid two-phase flow model.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, The total volume of the cuttings particles is obtained by: determining a difference between the total volume of cuttings and the cuttings volume to obtain the total volume of the cuttings particles.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein, The current cuttings bed volume of each hole deviation angle section in the whole well section is obtained according to the total volume of the cuttings bed based on the predetermined correspondence between the hole deviation angle and the cuttings bed volume, comprising: The initial cuttings bed volume corresponding to each hole deviation angle section is determined according to the preset 90-degree hole deviation angle section cuttings bed volume based on the predetermined correspondence between the hole deviation angle and the cuttings bed volume; The sum of the initial cuttings bed volume corresponding to each hole deviation angle section in the whole well section is determined to obtain the initial total cuttings bed volume; In the case that the difference between the initial total cuttings bed volume and the total cuttings bed volume is greater than or equal to the preset error threshold, the preset 90-degree hole deviation angle section cuttings bed volume is adjusted until the difference between the sum of the initial cuttings bed volume corresponding to each hole deviation angle section and the total cuttings bed volume is less than the preset error threshold to obtain the current cuttings bed volume.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein, The current cuttings bed volume of each hole deviation angle section in the whole well section is obtained according to the total volume of the cuttings bed based on the predetermined correspondence between the hole deviation angle and the cuttings bed volume, comprising: The initial cuttings bed volume corresponding to each hole deviation angle section is determined according to the preset 90-degree hole deviation angle section cuttings bed volume based on the predetermined correspondence between the hole deviation angle and the cuttings bed volume; The sum of the initial cuttings bed volume corresponding to each hole deviation angle section in the whole well section is determined to obtain the initial total cuttings bed volume; In the case that the difference between the initial total cuttings bed volume and the total cuttings bed volume is greater than or equal to the preset error threshold, the preset 90-degree hole deviation angle section cuttings bed volume is adjusted until the difference between the sum of the initial cuttings bed volume corresponding to each hole deviation angle section and the total cuttings bed volume is less than the preset error threshold to obtain the current cuttings bed volume.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein, The current cuttings bed volume of each hole deviation angle section in the whole well section is obtained according to the total volume of the cuttings bed based on the predetermined correspondence between the hole deviation angle and the cuttings bed volume, comprising: The initial cuttings bed volume corresponding to each hole deviation angle section is determined according to the preset 90-degree hole deviation angle section cuttings bed volume based on the predetermined correspondence between the hole deviation angle and the cuttings bed volume; 6. A processor, comprising: The sum of the initial cuttings bed volume corresponding to each hole deviation angle section in the whole well section is determined to obtain the initial total cuttings bed volume; 7. An apparatus for predicting cuttings distribution in a well, characterized by, In the case that the difference between the initial total cuttings bed volume and the total cuttings bed volume is greater than or equal to the preset error threshold, the preset 90-degree hole deviation angle section cuttings bed volume is adjusted until the difference between the sum of the initial cuttings bed volume corresponding to each hole deviation angle section and the total cuttings bed volume is less than the preset error threshold to obtain the current cuttings bed volume. The current cuttings bed volume of each hole deviation angle section in the whole well section is obtained according to the total volume of the cuttings bed based on the predetermined correspondence between the hole deviation angle and the cuttings bed volume, comprising: The ratio of the current cuttings bed volume and the suspension layer volume is determined to obtain the cuttings particle volume concentration. The device is configured to perform the method for predicting the distribution of cuttings in a well according to any one of claims 1 to 5. The device comprises: A data acquisition module configured to acquire the total volume of the cuttings bed of the whole well section of a target well, the total volume of the cuttings particles in the suspension layer of the whole well section, the cross-sectional area of the cuttings bed of each hole deviation angle section of the target well, and the annulus volume of each hole deviation angle section in a preset time period during the drilling process of the target well; A cuttings bed volume determination module configured to obtain the current cuttings bed volume corresponding to each hole deviation angle section in the whole well section according to the total volume of the cuttings bed based on the predetermined correspondence between the hole deviation angle and the cuttings bed volume; A cuttings bed height determination module configured to determine the current cuttings bed height of the cuttings bed corresponding to each hole deviation angle section according to the cross-sectional area based on the correspondence between the current cuttings bed height and the cross-sectional area. a cuttings particle volume determination module configured to obtain, according to the total volume of cuttings particles, a current volume of cuttings particles corresponding to the suspension layer of each of the well deviation angle sections based on a predetermined correspondence between well deviation angles and volumes of cuttings particles; a suspension layer volume determination module configured to determine a difference between the annular space volume and the current volume of the cuttings bed to obtain a volume of the suspension layer of each of the well deviation angle sections; a cuttings particle volume concentration determination module configured to determine, according to the volume of the suspension layer and the current volume of cuttings particles, a current volume concentration of cuttings particles corresponding to the suspension layer of each of the well deviation angle sections; a data prediction module configured to determine, according to the current height of the cuttings bed and the current volume concentration of cuttings particles, a predicted height of the cuttings bed corresponding to each of the well deviation angle sections of the target well and a predicted volume concentration of cuttings particles corresponding to the suspension layer of each of the well deviation angle sections based on a predetermined solid-liquid two-phase flow model; the data acquisition module is further configured to acquire a volume of returned cuttings collected at a wellhead of the target well according to a mass of the returned cuttings and a predetermined cuttings density, acquire a theoretical volume of cuttings of the target well according to a drilling speed of a drilling device and the predetermined time period, determine a difference between the theoretical volume of cuttings and the volume of returned cuttings to obtain a total volume of cuttings of all of the well sections, determine a product of the total volume of cuttings and a predetermined proportionality coefficient to obtain a volume of cuttings in the cuttings bed of all of the well sections, and determine a ratio of the volume of cuttings to a predetermined solid content parameter to obtain the total volume of the cuttings bed; the data prediction module is further configured to acquire drilling condition parameters, and determine, according to the drilling condition parameters, the current height of the cuttings bed and the current volume concentration of cuttings particles, a predicted height of the cuttings bed corresponding to each of the well deviation angle sections of the target well and a predicted volume concentration of cuttings particles corresponding to the suspension layer of each of the well deviation angle sections based on a predetermined solid-liquid two-phase flow model.

8. A machine-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The machine readable storage medium has instructions stored thereon for causing a machine to perform the method for predicting distribution of cuttings in a well according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

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