Seismic exploration electronic detonator detonation delay test method and device

Abstract

The invention provides a seismic exploration electronic detonator detonation delay test method and device. The method is realized by means of an oscilloscope with at least three data transmission channels, an exploder comprising a universal controller and a handheld device, and a specific direct current circuit. By detonating the electronic detonator, the time delay T1 of the exploder and the total delay T2 of the exploder and the electronic detonator are respectively determined according to the rising edge take-off point time of the second channel and the signal 3 of the oscilloscope, and the time difference between the time delay T1 and the total delay T2 is the detonating delay of the electronic detonator. The device is composed of an oscilloscope, a detonation signal port, a universal controller, a resistor and an electronic detonator. Compared with the prior art, the detection device used in the invention is a general instrument and an electronic component and is easy to obtain; the method is simple and can be completed on the construction site; a direct measurement method is adopted, and complex mathematical analysis and calculation are not needed; the detection precision is high, the result is reliable, and the requirement of seismic exploration for electronic detonator detonation delay detection can be effectively met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of petroleum seismic exploration, and in particular to a method and a device for testing the detonation delay of electronic detonators for seismic exploration. Background Art

[0002] The electronic detonator adds a chip circuit between the charge head and the leg line, and communicates data with the special detonator through the chip circuit. After authorization, the detonating capacitor in the chip circuit is charged. After the charged detonating capacitor detects the detonation command, it discharges to the charge head, ignites the charge head and then detonates the basic detonator.

[0003] In the early stage of seismic exploration, instantaneous electric detonators were used. It only required 400V high voltage to ignite the detonators, with almost no delay, which could be used as the starting moment of seismic wave vibration. However, now only low-voltage charged electronic detonators can be used, and the detonation instruction can only be used as the detonation moment of the electronic detonator to start the instrument to record seismic waves.

[0004] The detonation command of the electronic detonator must also go through the special detonator, ignite the gunpowder, and then detonate the basic explosive of the detonator, and there must be a delay during this period. Although the manufacturer has tested the delay of the special detonator and electronic detonator in the laboratory, the test accuracy is related to environmental factors, and seismic exploration requires that the timing accuracy error does not exceed 1ms, otherwise it will cause a large error in the exploration accuracy. Therefore, the relevant technical regulations for seismic exploration require that the electronic detonator detonation delay must be tested regularly.

[0005] The existing detonator delay accuracy measurement methods can be roughly divided into the following categories according to the measurement principle: the first category is the traditional method for measuring the accuracy of detonating cord detonators. The principle is to place the detonating cord detonator in a sound transmission tube, and use the light signal generated by the detonator as the start mark of recording, and the sound signal generated by the detonator explosion as the end mark of recording. The delay time of the detonating cord detonator is their time difference minus the propagation time of the explosion wave in the detonating cord and the propagation time of the sound wave in the transmission tube. During the measurement implementation process, the delay time of the detonating cord detonator is recorded by turning light on and sound off.

[0006] The second type uses an explosion-proof box for testing. The principle is to place the detonator to be tested in a special container and use a detonator as an ignition detonator. After the ignition detonator is detonated and the flame ejected is received by the optical signal receiver, the timer starts; when the detonator under test is detonated by the detonating cord, the flame ejected is received by the optical signal receiver and the timer stops. The time recorded by the timer is the delay time of a certain detonating cord detonator under test.

[0007] The third type is the seismometry method. The principle is to record the blasting vibration waveform of the detonating cord detonator through a blasting vibration sensor and a recorder. After analyzing the vibration waveform, find out the maximum peak or trough before and after the waveform. The time corresponding to these two peaks or troughs is the moment of detonating the detonating cord and the explosion of the detonating cord detonator. The time difference between these two moments minus the time for the detonation wave to propagate in the detonating cord and the time for the sound wave to propagate in the conductive tube is the delay time of the detonating cord detonator.

[0008] In addition, blasting vibration signal analysis is the basis for studying blasting vibration control. Traditional signal analysis is based on Fourier transform. Since Fourier analysis uses a global transform, that is, it is either completely in the time domain or completely in the frequency domain, it cannot express the time-frequency localization property of the signal, which is precisely the most fundamental and critical property of non-stationary signals. Therefore, Fourier transform is essentially only applicable to stationary signals and not to non-stationary signals.

[0009] The fourth category is a method for quickly measuring the accuracy of detonator delay. The patent document with publication number CN102927862B uses a blasting noise recorder to record the noise waveform of the detonator during detonation, and determines the detonator delay time by analysis and calculation.

[0010] The fifth category is a method for testing the delay accuracy of electronic detonators based on the measured waveform of underwater shock waves. The document with patent number CN202211210944.2 uses a sensor to obtain the water shock wave pressure curve, and then uses the wavelet analysis method to analyze the pressure curve. The time-energy density curve of the waveform is obtained to obtain the precise time of arrival of the water shock wave, subtract the time required for the water shock wave to propagate in the water, and the precise delay time of the electronic detonator is obtained.

[0011] All of the above methods use sensors to record signals such as light, sound, vibration, and pressure, and use mathematical methods to calculate the detonation time. This is an indirect method. Some methods can only be completed in the laboratory using special equipment, while the field method is affected by changes in environmental factors such as temperature and medium speed, which affects its accuracy.

[0012] The public paper "A high-precision test method for the initiation delay of instantaneous electric detonators in exploration" was published. The principle is to maintain the conductive wire at a high level before initiation. After the electric detonator is initiating, the thin wire is blown off, causing the level at the other end of the wire to become low, triggering the counter to stop counting. This method has low test accuracy because the wire is not blown off at a clear time, and the test results vary greatly after multiple tests.

[0013] Therefore, it is necessary to invent a method and device for testing the detonation delay of electronic detonators for seismic exploration. Summary of the invention

[0014] In order to solve the problems existing in the background technology, the present invention proposes a method and device for testing the detonation delay of electronic detonators for seismic exploration.

[0015] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: On the one hand, the present invention provides a method for testing the detonation delay of electronic detonators for seismic exploration.

[0016] The electronic detonator is detonated by the detonator, the DC circuit obtains the explosion time of the electronic detonator, and the oscilloscope records the output time of the universal controller and the detonation time of the electronic detonator, wherein the detonator includes the universal controller and the hand controller; The DC circuit includes a 2-core electric wire, the first end of the 2-core electric wire is cut off to expose the 2-core electric wire, and there is no contact between the 2 cores of the first end, the first end is fixed to the explosive part of the electronic detonator base, the second end is electrically connected to the extension line, and after a resistor is connected in series, it is connected to the DC power supply. When the electronic detonator explodes, the air molecules are ionized, and the first end of the 2-core electric wire is turned on to form a DC circuit; To detonate the electronic detonator, the second channel of the oscilloscope receives the output signal of the universal controller and records the starting point of the rising edge of the output signal as the detonator time delay T1; The third channel of the oscilloscope records the moment when the DC circuit is turned on, which is the explosion signal of the electronic detonator. The starting point time of the rising edge of the explosion signal is the overall delay T2 of the initiator and the electronic detonator. The time difference T between the overall delay T2 and the detonator time delay T1 is the electronic detonator detonation delay.

[0017] Furthermore, the oscilloscope has at least three data transmission channels, wherein the three data transmission channels are: The first channel of the oscilloscope is electrically connected to the input end of the universal controller of the detonator to obtain the detonation command signal and transmit the oscilloscope trigger signal, which is a single trigger; The second channel of the oscilloscope is electrically connected to the output terminal of the universal controller; The third channel of the oscilloscope is electrically connected to the DC circuit; all oscilloscope channels and corresponding interfaces must be connected with positive and negative poles correspondingly.

[0018] Furthermore, the electronic detonator uses electronic control to control the detonation process, adds a chip circuit between the charge head and the leg line, communicates data with the detonator through the chip circuit, and charges the detonating capacitor in the chip circuit after authorization. After the charged detonating capacitor detects the detonation command, it discharges the charge head to detonate the basic detonator.

[0019] Furthermore, the detonation control of the detonator is carried out through three-code management and control, and the detonation is controlled by the shell code of the electronic detonator, the UID code of the chip of the electronic detonator and the detonation password randomly generated by combining the two.

[0020] Furthermore, the initiator and the electronic detonator communicate with each other in a weak current manner, and when the leakage current in the communication line does not exceed a preset value, detonation occurs normally.

[0021] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a seismic exploration electronic detonator detonation delay test device, which executes the above-mentioned seismic exploration electronic detonator detonation delay test method, including an oscilloscope, a detonation signal port, an initiator, a resistor and an electronic detonator, wherein the initiator includes a universal controller; The detonation signal port is connected to the positive pole of the input end of the universal controller and the negative pole of the input end of the universal controller, the oscilloscope is connected to the universal controller, and the output end of the universal controller is connected to the foot line of the electronic detonator; The oscilloscope is connected to the resistor, the power supply and the second end of the two-core wire bundled on the electronic detonator, and the second end of the two-core wire is connected to the power supply through an extension line.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) The detection device is a general instrument, meter, or electronic component of the existing technology, which is easily available; (2) The method is simple and can be completed at the construction site of the earthquake project; (3) The detection method is a direct measurement method, which does not require complex mathematical analysis and calculation; (4) High detection accuracy and reliable results. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the initiation delay test method of electronic detonators for seismic exploration according to the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the initiation delay test device of the electronic detonator for seismic exploration of the present invention; Figure 3 This is the 400V signal voltage divider circuit diagram; Figure 4 The test results are displayed on the oscilloscope terminal.

[0024] The marks in the attached figure are: 1. universal controller; 2. electronic detonator; 3. oscilloscope. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] like Figure 1-Figure 4 As shown, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: On the one hand, if Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a method for testing the initiation delay of an electronic detonator for seismic exploration, using the following components: an electronic detonator 2, an oscilloscope 3, an initiator and a DC circuit.

[0027] Specifically: The oscilloscope 3 has at least three data transmission channels.

[0028] The detonator comprises a universal controller 1 for controlling electronic communication, authorization and detonation.

[0029] The DC circuit includes a 2-core wire, the first end of which is cut vertically to expose the 2-core wire, and the 2-core wire has no contact. The first end of the 2-core wire is fixed to the base explosive part of the electronic detonator 2; the second end is electrically connected to the extension line, and after being connected in series with a 1KΩ resistor, it is connected to a DC 12V power supply. When the electronic detonator 2 explodes, the air molecules are ionized, and the first end of the 2-core wire is turned on to form a DC circuit.

[0030] To detonate the electronic detonator, the second channel of the oscilloscope receives the output signal of the universal controller and records the starting point of the rising edge of the output signal as the detonator time delay T1.

[0031] The third channel of the oscilloscope records the moment when the DC circuit is turned on, which is the explosion signal of the electronic detonator. The starting point time of the rising edge of the explosion signal is the overall delay T2 of the initiator and the electronic detonator. The time difference T between the overall delay T2 and the detonator time delay T1 is the detonation delay of the electronic detonator 2.

[0032] like Figure 2 The oscilloscope 3 shown includes at least three signal acquisition channels, which are respectively connected to the detonation signal port, the universal controller 1 and the DC circuit.

[0033] The detonator comprises a universal controller 1. The remote explosion system for seismic exploration data collection realizes remote explosion control of the electronic detonator 2 and synchronous acquisition of the instrument.

[0034] The electronic detonator 2 is a prior art, which uses electronic control to control the detonation process. A chip circuit is added between the charge head and the leg line, and data communication is carried out with the detonator through the chip circuit. After authorization, the detonation capacitor in the chip circuit is charged. After the charged detonation capacitor detects the detonation command, it discharges to the charge head and detonates the basic detonator.

[0035] The detonation control of the detonator is carried out through three-code control, and the detonation is controlled by the shell code of the electronic detonator 2, the UID code of the electronic detonator chip and the detonation password randomly generated by binding the two. The electronic detonator 2 is communicated, identified and authorized by the universal controller 1, the detonation signal is detected, and converted into the detonation trigger signal of the electronic detonator 2 to stimulate the electronic detonator 2.

[0036] like Figure 2 The detonation signal port shown is used to control the signal of the detonator explosion. In seismic exploration, depending on different remote explosion systems, it can be a 400V high-voltage signal in the BOOMBOX remote explosion system or a GPS second pulse signal in an independent excitation system. This signal is used to start the synchronous acquisition of the seismic recorder.

[0037] like Figure 2 The first channel of the oscilloscope 3 shown is electrically connected to the detonation command signal, and the detonation command signal received by the universal controller 1 can also be input into the oscilloscope 3 at the same time. The second channel of the oscilloscope 3 is electrically connected to the output end of the universal controller 1, and is also connected to the foot line of the electronic detonator 2, for collecting the output signal of the universal controller 1. The positive and negative poles of the oscilloscope channel and the corresponding interface need to be connected correspondingly, so as to facilitate the selection of the trigger mode of the oscilloscope 3.

[0038] The electronic detonator 2 uses an electronic control module to control the detonation process. A chip circuit is added between the charge head and the leg line. Data communication is carried out with the dedicated detonator through the chip circuit. After authorization, the detonation capacitor in the chip circuit is charged. After the charged detonation capacitor detects the detonation command, it discharges the charge head, and the charge head ignites and detonates the basic detonator.

[0039] like Figure 3 The 400V high-voltage signal shown is used as the command signal of the detonator, and the 400V high-voltage signal is sent to the general controller 1 and the oscilloscope 3. When the oscilloscope 3 detects the signal, a voltage divider circuit must be added, otherwise the oscilloscope 3 will be damaged. The voltage divider circuit is composed of a 100Kῼ and a 5Kῼ resistor in series, and a 400V*5 / 105=19V voltage is separated, which is convenient for the oscilloscope 3 to pick up. Since the resistance is large enough, the current is only 3mA, which is less than the 8mA leakage index of the detonator, and does not affect the normal detonation of the electronic detonator 2.

[0040] The detonator is also provided with a leakage indicator. The detonator and the electronic detonator 2 communicate with each other in a weak current manner. The communication instructions are easily interfered by factors such as mud and liquid. A weak leakage electrode is easy to cause errors in the communication instructions, and the electronic detonator 2 cannot be detonated. Therefore, the seismic exploration detonator is designed with redundancy, and can be detonated normally when the leakage does not exceed 8mA.

[0041] A 2-core wire of about 8 cm is set in the DC circuit, and the first end is cut vertically to expose the metal wires, but they are insulated from each other. The first end of the 2-core wire is fixed to the explosive part of the electronic detonator 2 with electrical tape. The metal wires at the first end of the 2-core wire are insulated from each other and close enough to facilitate the thermal ionization and conduction of gas molecules in an instant. The first end of the 2-core wire is cut vertically to expose the metal wires, and the distance between the two metal wires is reduced as much as possible to facilitate instant conduction.

[0042] The DC circuit electrically connects the second end of the 2-core wire to the extension wire, and then connects a 1Kῼ resistor in series, and then connects to the positive and negative electrodes of the DC 12V power supply. The high temperature and high pressure generated by the explosion make the gas molecules thermally ionize and conduct electricity to form a loop. The moment the loop is turned on is the explosion time of the electronic detonator 2. The extension wire is an ordinary wire, and its length can meet the explosion safety distance requirements of the electronic detonator 2, so that the explosion personnel are at a safe distance. The third channel of the oscilloscope 3 is connected to the DC circuit, and the third channel is connected to the DC circuit through the receiving port.

[0043] like Figure 4 In the trigger mode selection shown, the trigger parameters of oscilloscope 3 are all set to the rising edge of the signal. The trigger parameters of oscilloscope 3 are voltage signals, and the voltage threshold of the first channel is 5V, the voltage threshold of the second channel is 2V, and the voltage threshold of the third channel is 3.6V, all of which do not exceed the voltage value of the corresponding signal.

[0044] The trigger signal of oscilloscope 3 is set to the first channel, and this signal is used as the timing starting point. When oscilloscope 3 detects this signal, it starts to collect signals of other channels.

[0045] Set the oscilloscope 3 to single trigger. In the single trigger mode, the oscilloscope 3 waits for a specific trigger event to occur before the oscilloscope 3 starts to collect data. The single trigger mode is very suitable for capturing one-time or rare transient events, such as pulse signals.

[0046] After the electronic detonator 2 is detonated, the starting point of the rising edge of the second channel signal of the oscilloscope 3 is the detonator time delay T1, which is 16μs. The starting point of the rising edge of the third channel signal of the oscilloscope 3 is the total delay T2 of the detonator and the electronic detonator 2, which is 168μs. The time difference between the two, T=T2-T1, is the delay of the electronic detonator 2.

[0047] By using the three channels of the oscilloscope 3 , the delay accuracy of the initiator and the electronic detonator 2 can be collected simultaneously.

[0048] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, it is still possible for those skilled in the art to modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or to make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for testing the time delay of electronic detonators for seismic exploration, characterized in that: The electronic detonator is detonated by the detonator, the DC circuit obtains the explosion time of the electronic detonator, and the oscilloscope records the output time of the universal controller and the detonation time of the electronic detonator, wherein the detonator includes the universal controller and the hand controller; The DC circuit includes a 2-core electric wire, the first end of the 2-core electric wire is cut off to expose the 2-core electric wire, and there is no contact between the 2 cores of the first end, the first end is fixed to the explosive part of the electronic detonator base, the second end is electrically connected to the extension line, and after a resistor is connected in series, it is connected to the DC power supply. When the electronic detonator explodes, the air molecules are ionized, and the first end of the 2-core electric wire is turned on to form a DC circuit; To detonate the electronic detonator, the second channel of the oscilloscope receives the output signal of the universal controller and records the starting point of the rising edge of the output signal as the detonator time delay T1; The third channel of the oscilloscope records the moment when the DC circuit is turned on, which is the explosion signal of the electronic detonator. The starting point time of the rising edge of the explosion signal is the overall delay T2 of the initiator and the electronic detonator. The time difference T between the overall delay T2 and the detonator time delay T1 is the electronic detonator detonation delay.

2. A method for testing the time delay of electronic detonators for seismic exploration according to claim 1, characterized in that: The oscilloscope has at least three data transmission channels, wherein the three data transmission channels are: The first channel of the oscilloscope is electrically connected to the input end of the universal controller of the detonator to obtain the detonation command signal and transmit the oscilloscope trigger signal, which is a single trigger; The second channel of the oscilloscope is electrically connected to the output terminal of the universal controller; The third channel of the oscilloscope is electrically connected to the DC circuit; all oscilloscope channels and corresponding interfaces must be connected with positive and negative poles correspondingly.

3. A method for testing the time delay of electronic detonators for seismic exploration according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electronic detonator uses electrical signals to control the detonation process. A chip circuit is added between the charge head and the leg line. Data communication is carried out with the detonator through the chip circuit. After authorization, the detonating capacitor in the chip circuit is charged. After the charged detonating capacitor detects the detonation command, it discharges and detonates the charge head, and then detonates the basic detonator.

4. A method for testing the time delay of electronic detonators for seismic exploration according to claim 3, characterized in that: The detonation control of the detonator is carried out through three-code control, and the detonation is controlled by the shell code of the electronic detonator, the UID code of the chip of the electronic detonator and the detonation password randomly generated by combining the two.

5. The method for testing the time delay of electronic detonators for seismic exploration according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detonator and the electronic detonator communicate with each other in a weak current manner, and detonation is performed normally when the leakage current in the communication line does not exceed a preset value.

6. A seismic exploration electronic detonator detonation delay test device, characterized in that: The method for testing the initiation delay of electronic detonators for seismic exploration as described in claim 1 comprises an oscilloscope, an initiation signal port, an initiator, a resistor and an electronic detonator, wherein the initiator comprises a universal controller; The detonation signal port is connected to the positive pole of the input end of the universal controller and the negative pole of the input end of the universal controller, the oscilloscope is connected to the universal controller, and the output end of the universal controller is connected to the foot line of the electronic detonator; The oscilloscope is connected to the resistor, the power supply and the second end of the two-core wire bundled on the electronic detonator, and the second end of the two-core wire is connected to the power supply through an extension line.

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