Sample collection device for layered sampling of lake

Abstract

According to the sample collecting device for layered sampling of the lake, the sampling mechanism installed on the telescopic rod integrates the water sample collecting assembly and the solid sample collecting assembly at the same time, and when the telescopic rod extends to drive the sampling mechanism to stretch into the lake, the water sample collecting assembly acts to extract a water sample; or the solid sample collection assembly acts to clamp solid samples such as sediments (mud), plants and ice, so that collection of various types of samples can be completed in single collection work. Besides, the sample storage container is provided with a plurality of sample storage compartments around the central axis of the sample storage container, and when the telescopic rod retracts to drive the sampling mechanism to extend out of the lake, the water sample collection assembly acts to discharge water samples into the corresponding sample storage compartments, or the solid sample collection assembly acts to place solid samples into the corresponding sample storage compartments; water samples or solid samples enter different sample storage compartments through rotation of the telescopic rod, and mixing and cross contamination of different types of samples are avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of sampling devices, and in particular to a sample collecting device for lake stratified sampling. Background Art

[0002] As one of the most important freshwater ecosystems on Earth, in-depth environmental research, water quality monitoring and ecological investigations are of vital importance. Lake stratification sampling is a key means to obtain detailed information on lake ecosystems. By collecting and analyzing samples of water, sediments (mud), plants and other organisms, ice and other samples from different water layers, we can understand the vertical distribution of the physical, chemical and biological characteristics of lakes, thereby providing important data support for health assessment of lake ecosystems, pollution control, resource management and climate change research.

[0003] A sample collection device is required during the sampling process of lakes. Most of the existing sample collection devices for stratified sampling of lakes are designed for a specific type of sample, such as limited to the collection of water samples or limited to the collection of solid samples. When it is necessary to collect multiple types of samples such as water, sediment, plants or ice in a single collection work, the staff must carry multiple sets of collection devices, which increases the workload and complexity. In addition, the sample storage container of the traditional collection device lacks effective isolation measures, and different types of samples can only be mixed into the same storage space of the sample storage container, resulting in a lot of time and effort in the subsequent sample experimental analysis. The secondary separation and identification of the mixed samples not only increases the complexity and workload of the work, but also affects the accuracy of the analysis results due to the confusion and cross-contamination of the samples. In summary, the existing sample collection devices for stratified sampling of lakes cannot flexibly adapt to the diverse sampling needs of different types of samples, and it is difficult to meet the needs of effective classification, collection and preservation of different types of samples such as water, sediment (mud), plants, ice, etc., which restricts the accuracy and reliability of lake research. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a sample collection device for stratified sampling of lakes to solve the technical problems of high labor intensity, low cleaning efficiency, incomplete and uneven cleaning in the current manual cleaning.

[0005] The technical problem solved by the present invention can be achieved by adopting the following solutions: A sample collection device for lake stratified sampling comprises a frame, characterized in that: a sample storage container is fixed on the frame, and a plurality of sample storage compartments are arranged around the central axis of the sample storage container; a telescopic rod that can rotate around the central axis is rotatably mounted on the frame, and a sampling mechanism is mounted on the telescopic rod, and the sampling mechanism comprises a mounting tube fixed on the telescopic rod, a water sample collection component and a solid sample collection component mounted on the mounting tube; a main shaft is rotatably mounted in the mounting tube, and a clutch that can transmit power to the water sample collection component or the solid sample collection component is mounted on the main shaft, and when the main shaft rotates, the water sample collection component or the solid sample collection component is driven to move through the clutch; When the telescopic rod is extended and drives the sampling mechanism to extend into the lake, the water sample collection component is activated to extract water samples or the solid sample collection component is activated to clamp solid samples. When the telescopic rod is contracted and drives the sampling mechanism to extend out of the lake, the water sample collection component is activated to discharge the water sample into the corresponding sample storage compartment of the sample storage container, or the solid sample collection component is activated to place the solid sample into the corresponding sample storage compartment. The water sample or solid sample enters different sample storage compartments by rotating the telescopic rod.

[0006] Furthermore: the water sample collection assembly includes a water sample collection tube fixedly installed on the mounting tube, a piston fitted with the inner wall of the water sample collection tube, and a lead screw threadedly connected to the piston and rotatably installed on the mounting tube. When the lead screw rotates, it drives the piston to slide in the water sample collection tube, thereby being able to extract water samples into the water sample collection tube or discharge them from the water sample collection tube into the corresponding sample storage compartment of the sample storage container.

[0007] Furthermore: the solid sample collection component includes a solid sample clamp having a clamping portion and a driving portion, a driving rack is fixedly installed on the driving portion of the solid sample clamp, and a driving gear meshing with the driving rack is rotatably installed in the mounting tube. When the driving gear rotates, it drives the driving rack to move, thereby driving the clamping portion closer to clamp the solid sample, or drives the clamping portion away to place the clamped solid sample into the corresponding sample storage compartment of the sample storage container.

[0008] Further: the solid sample collection component has two solid sample clamps, each solid sample clamp includes a connecting rod and a clamping claw fixedly installed at one end of the connecting rod, the clamping claw is the clamping part of the solid sample clamp, and the other end of the connecting rod is fixed with an L-shaped driving rod, the driving rod is the driving part of the solid sample clamp, the driving rod includes a connecting section and a driving section fixedly connected to each other vertically, the connecting section is fixedly connected to the connecting rod, the driving section is fixedly provided with the driving rack, and the driving racks on the driving sections of the two solid sample clamps are parallel and arranged facing each other.

[0009] Further: the clutch comprises a double telescopic rod telescopic cylinder fixedly mounted on the main shaft, a water sample collection component engagement plate is fixed on the first telescopic rod of the double telescopic rod telescopic cylinder, and a solid sample collection component engagement plate is fixed on the second telescopic rod. When the first telescopic rod is extended, the water sample collection component engagement plate is driven to engage with the lead screw of the water sample collection component. At this time, the power of the main shaft is transmitted to the water sample collection component through the clutch, and the rotation of the main shaft can drive the lead screw to rotate through the clutch; When the second telescopic rod is extended, it drives the solid sample collection component engagement plate to engage with the driving gear of the solid sample collection component. At this time, the power of the main shaft is transmitted to the solid sample collection component through the clutch, and the rotation of the main shaft can drive the driving gear to rotate through the clutch.

[0010] Further: when the collection component joint plate is joined with the lead screw of the water sample collection component, the collection component joint plate is fitted and fixed on the outer surface of the lead screw; A coupling tube is coaxially fixed on the driving gear. When the coupling plate of the solid sample collection component is coupled with the driving gear of the solid sample collection component, the coupling plate of the solid sample collection component is fitted and fixed on the inner surface of the coupling tube.

[0011] Furthermore: the sample storage container includes four sample storage compartments, which are respectively used to store water samples, sediment samples, plant samples and ice samples; the solid sample collection component can clamp sediment samples, plant samples or ice samples; and the water sample extracted by the water sample collection component can enter the sample storage compartment for storing water samples by rotating the telescopic rod; and the sediment sample, plant sample or ice sample clamped by the solid sample collection component can enter the sample storage compartment for storing sediment samples, the sample storage compartment for storing plant samples or the sample storage compartment for storing ice samples, respectively.

[0012] Furthermore: the sample storage container also includes a sampling compartment for the telescopic rod and the sampling mechanism to pass through, the sampling compartment and the sample storage compartment are distributed in a circular array around the central axis, the sampling mechanism on the telescopic rod can extend into the lake through the bottom opening of the sampling compartment, and after the sampling mechanism extends out of the lake, it can pass through the bottom opening of the sampling compartment and move to the top of the sample storage container.

[0013] Furthermore: the collection device also includes a telescopic rod driving motor fixedly mounted on the frame, the output shaft of the telescopic rod driving motor is coaxially arranged with the central axis of the sample storage container, a telescopic rod fixing plate is fixedly mounted on the output shaft of the telescopic rod driving motor, the telescopic rod is fixedly mounted on the telescopic rod fixing plate, and when the output shaft of the driving motor rotates, the telescopic rod fixing plate is driven to rotate around the output shaft of the driving motor, thereby driving the telescopic rod to rotate around the central axis of the sample storage container.

[0014] Furthermore: a sealing plate for sealing the upper opening of the water sample collection tube is solidly installed on the installation tube, and a vent hole connected to the atmosphere is opened on the sealing plate.

[0015] The present invention is a sample collection device for lake stratified sampling. The sampling mechanism installed on the telescopic rod integrates a water sample collection component for collecting water samples and a solid sample collection component for collecting solid samples. When the telescopic rod is extended to drive the sampling mechanism to extend into the lake, the water sample collection component is actuated to extract water samples, or the solid sample collection component is actuated to clamp solid samples such as sediment (mud), plants, ice, etc. It can be seen that the sample collection device of the present invention can complete the collection of multiple types of samples including water samples and solid samples in a single collection work, reducing the workload and complexity. In addition, the sample storage container of the sample collection device of the present invention is provided with a plurality of sample storage compartments for storing different types of samples around its central axis. When the telescopic rod contracts and drives the sampling mechanism to extend out of the lake, the water sample collection component is actuated to discharge the water sample into the corresponding sample storage compartment of the sample storage container, or the solid sample collection component is actuated to place the solid sample into the corresponding sample storage compartment of the sample storage container. The water sample or solid sample enters different sample storage compartments through the rotation of the telescopic rod around the central axis. Thus, in the subsequent sample experimental analysis, there is no need to spend time and energy on secondary separation and identification of different types of samples, and mixing and cross-contamination of different types of samples are avoided. The sample collection device for stratified sampling of lakes of the present invention can flexibly adapt to the diversified sampling needs of different types of samples including water samples and solid samples, ensure the effective classification, collection and safe storage of different types of samples, and improve the work efficiency, accuracy and reliability of lake monitoring and research. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0017] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a sample collection device for lake stratified sampling according to the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram from another angle of a sample collection device for lake stratified sampling according to the present invention; Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A local enlarged view of point A; Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of a sampling mechanism of a sample collection device for lake stratified sampling according to the present invention; Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of a sampling mechanism of a sample collection device for lake stratified sampling according to the present invention after being cut open, with one of the solid sample clips removed; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a sampling mechanism of a sample collection device for lake stratified sampling of the present invention after the mounting tube is removed, and the screw mounting plate and the coupling tube mounting plate are removed at the same time; Figure 7 yes Figure 1 A partial enlarged view of point B; Figure 8 yes Figure 5 A partial enlarged view of point C; Fig. 9 yes Figure 5 A partial enlarged view of point D; Fig.10 yes Figure 6 A local enlarged view of point E; Main parts and numbers: Frame: 1; Telescopic rod mounting plate: 11; Guide slot: 111; Sample storage container: 2; central axis: 21; sample storage compartment: 22; sampling compartment: 23; bottom opening: 231; Telescopic rod: 31; Telescopic rod driving motor: 32; Telescopic rod fixing plate: 33; Sampling mechanism: 4; mounting tube: 41; screw mounting plate: 411; coupling tube mounting plate: 412; water sample collection assembly: 42; water sample collection tube: 421; piston: 422; screw: 423; sealing plate: 424; vent: 4241; pressure valve: 425; solid sample collection assembly: 43; solid sample clamp: 431; connecting rod: 4311; clamping jaw: 4312; driving rod: 4313; connecting section: 4314; driving section: 4315; driving rack: 432; driving gear: 433; coupling tube: 434; main shaft: 44; clutch: 45; double telescopic rod telescopic cylinder: 451; first telescopic rod: 4511; second telescopic rod: 4512; water sample collection assembly coupling plate: 452; solid sample collection assembly coupling plate: 453; main shaft drive motor: 46. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] In order to more clearly demonstrate the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention, the embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0019] Figure 1 , 2 This is a structural diagram of a sample collection device for lake stratified sampling according to this embodiment, as shown in FIG. Figure 1 , 2As shown, the sample collection device includes a frame 1, on which a sample storage container 2 is fixed, and the sample storage container 2 is provided with a plurality of sample storage compartments 22 around a central axis 21 of the sample storage container 2, and adjacent sample storage compartments 22 are isolated by partitions, and the plurality of sample storage compartments 22 are not connected to each other; a telescopic rod 31 that can rotate around the central axis 21 of the sample storage container 2 is rotatably mounted on the frame 1, and a sampling mechanism 4 is mounted at the telescopic end of the telescopic rod 31, as shown in FIG. Figure 3 As shown, the sampling mechanism 4 includes a mounting tube 41 fixed to the telescopic end of the telescopic rod 31, and a water sample collection component 42 for collecting water samples and a solid sample collection component 43 for collecting solid samples such as sediment (mud), plants, ice, etc. are installed on the mounting tube 41; Figure 4-6 As shown, a main shaft 44 is rotatably installed in the installation cylinder 41, and a clutch 45 is installed on the main shaft 44, which can transmit the power of the main shaft 44 to the water sample collection component 42 or the solid sample collection component 43. When the clutch 45 is engaged with the water sample collection component 42, the main shaft 44 rotates to drive the water sample collection component 42 to move through the clutch 45; when the clutch 45 is engaged with the solid sample collection component 43, the main shaft 44 rotates to drive the solid sample collection component 43 to move through the clutch 45.

[0020] When the telescopic rod 31 is extended to drive the sampling mechanism 4 to extend into the lake, the water sample collection component 42 is activated to extract the water sample when water samples need to be collected, and the solid sample collection component 43 is activated to clamp the solid sample when solid samples need to be collected. When the telescopic rod 31 is retracted to drive the sampling mechanism 4 to extend out of the lake, the water sample collection component 42 is activated to discharge the water sample extracted by it into the sample storage compartment 22 corresponding to the sample storage container 2 for storing water samples, or the solid sample collection component 43 is activated to place the solid sample clamped by it into the sample storage compartment 22 corresponding to the sample storage container 2 for storing solid samples. The water sample extracted by the water sample collection component 42 or the solid sample clamped by the solid sample collection component 43 enters different sample storage compartments 22 through the rotation of the telescopic rod 31 around the central axis 21 of the sample storage container 2.

[0021] When sampling using the sample collection device for stratified sampling of lakes of this embodiment, when collecting water samples, the telescopic rod 31 extends to drive the sampling mechanism 4 into the lake, the clutch 45 engages with the water sample collection component 42, and the main shaft 44 rotates through the clutch 45 to drive the water sample collection component 42 to extract water samples. After sampling, the telescopic rod 31 contracts to drive the sampling mechanism 4 out of the lake, and then the telescopic rod 31 rotates around the central axis 21 of the sample storage container 2 to above the sample storage compartment 22 for storing water samples, and then the main shaft 44 rotates through the clutch 45 to drive the water sample collection component 42 to discharge the extracted water sample into the sample storage compartment 22 for storing water samples. When collecting solid samples, the telescopic rod 31 extends to drive the sampling mechanism 4 into the lake, the clutch 45 engages with the solid sample collection assembly 43, and the main shaft 44 rotates through the clutch 45 to drive the solid sample collection assembly 43 to clamp solid samples such as sediment (mud), plants, ice, etc. After sampling, the telescopic rod 31 contracts to drive the sampling mechanism 4 out of the lake, and then the telescopic rod 31 rotates around the central axis 21 of the sample storage container 2 to the top of the corresponding sample storage compartment 22 for storing solid samples, and then the main shaft 44 rotates through the clutch 45 to drive the solid sample collection assembly 43 to place the clamped solid sample into the sample storage compartment 22 for storing solid samples. This embodiment realizes stratified sampling at different depths in the lake by adjusting the total length of the telescopic rod 31 after extension.

[0022] like Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, the sample storage container 2 includes four sample storage compartments 22, which are respectively used to store water samples, sediment samples (mud), plant samples and ice samples, and the solid sample collection component 43 can clamp sediment samples, plant samples or ice samples. The water sample extracted by the water sample collection component 42 can enter the sample storage compartment 22 for storing water samples through the rotation of the telescopic rod 31, and the sediment sample, plant sample or ice sample clamped by the solid sample collection component 43 can enter the sample storage compartment 22 for storing sediment samples, the sample storage compartment 22 for storing plant samples or the sample storage compartment 22 for storing ice samples. Specifically, in this embodiment, after the telescopic rod 31 is retracted to the point where the sampling mechanism 4 extends out of the lake surface and is located above the sample storage container 2, the telescopic rod 31 rotates at different angles to rotate the water sample collection component 42 that has extracted the water sample to the top of the sample storage compartment 22 for storing water samples of the sample storage container 2, and then the water sample collection component 42 moves to allow the extracted water sample to enter the sample storage compartment 22. By rotating the telescopic rod 31 at different angles, the solid sample collection assembly 43 clamping the sediment sample (mud), plant sample or ice sample can be located above the sample storage compartment 22 for storing the corresponding solid sample. Then, the solid sample collection assembly 43 is actuated to allow the clamped solid sample to enter the corresponding sample storage compartment 22.

[0023] In order to enable the telescopic rod 31 to drive the sampling mechanism 4 to extend into or out of the lake when extending, Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, the sample storage container 2 further includes a sampling compartment 23 for the telescopic rod 31 and the sampling mechanism 4 to pass through, and the sampling compartment 23 has a bottom opening 231 (shown in Figure 2 ), the sampling compartment 23 and the sample storage compartment 22 are distributed in a circular array around the central axis 21, and the sampling mechanism 4 on the telescopic rod 31 can extend into the lake through the bottom opening 231 of the sampling compartment 23. After extending out of the lake, the sampling mechanism 4 can pass through the bottom opening 231 of the sampling compartment 23 and move to the top of the sample storage container 2.

[0024] like Figure 1 , 7 As shown, in order to realize the rotation of the telescopic rod 31 around the central axis 21 of the sample storage container 2, the collection device further includes a telescopic rod driving motor 32 fixedly mounted on the frame 1, the output shaft of the telescopic rod driving motor 32 is coaxially arranged with the central axis 21 of the sample storage container 2, a telescopic rod fixing plate 33 is fixedly mounted on the output shaft of the telescopic rod driving motor 32, and the telescopic rod 31 is fixedly mounted on the telescopic rod fixing plate 33, when the output shaft of the telescopic rod driving motor 32 rotates, the telescopic rod fixing plate 33 is driven to rotate around the output shaft of the telescopic rod driving motor 32, and then the telescopic rod 31 is driven to rotate around the central axis 21 of the sample storage container 2. The telescopic rod driving motor 32 controls the telescopic rod 31 to rotate at different angles, so that the telescopic rod 31 and the sampling mechanism 4 thereon can be located above different sample storage compartments 22 and sampling compartments 23.

[0025] like Figure 1 , 7 As shown, in this embodiment, the telescopic rod 31 is an electric telescopic rod. In order to improve the stability of the telescopic rod 31 when rotating, a telescopic rod mounting plate 11 is fixedly mounted on the frame 1. The telescopic rod mounting plate 11 is provided with a guide groove 111. The cylinder body of the telescopic rod 31 is slidably mounted in the guide groove 111. When the telescopic rod 31 rotates around the central axis 21 of the sample storage container 2, its cylinder body slides in the guide groove 111.

[0026] Regarding the specific structure of the water sample collection component 42, as shown in FIG. Figure 5 , 8As shown, the water sample collection assembly 42 includes a water sample collection tube 421 fixedly mounted on the mounting tube 41, a piston 422 is slidably mounted in the water sample collection tube 421, and the piston 422 fits the inner wall of the water sample collection tube 421. A lead screw 423 is rotatably mounted on the mounting tube 41, and the piston 422 is threadedly connected to the lead screw 423. When the lead screw 423 rotates, the piston 422 is driven to slide in the water sample collection tube 421. When the lead screw 423 rotates and drives the piston 422 to slide upward, the water sample can be extracted from the opening below the water sample collection tube 421 into the water sample collection tube 421. When the lead screw 423 rotates in the opposite direction and drives the piston 422 to slide downward, the water sample can be discharged from the water sample collection tube 421 into the corresponding sample storage compartment 22 of the sample storage container 2.

[0027] In order to allow the water sample to be smoothly drawn into the water sample collection tube 421, Figure 5 , 6 As shown, a sealing plate 424 for sealing the upper opening of the water sample collecting tube 421 is solidly installed on the installation tube 41 , and a vent hole 4241 communicating with the atmosphere is opened on the sealing plate 424 .

[0028] like Figure 5 , 8 As shown, a pressure valve 425 is installed at the lower opening of the water sample collection tube 421. The pressure valve is an existing valve that can automatically open when the system pressure exceeds a certain limit value. In this embodiment, when the piston 422 slides upward or downward in the water sample collection tube 421, the pressure valve 425 can be opened, so that the water sample can enter the water sample collection tube 421 through the pressure valve 425, or be discharged from the water sample collection tube 421 into the sample storage compartment 22 through the pressure valve 425. When the piston 422 is stationary relative to the water sample collection tube 421, the pressure valve is in a closed state to prevent the water sample from leaking out of the water sample collection tube 421.

[0029] For the specific structure of the solid sample collection component 43, Figure 4-6 , 9, the solid sample collection assembly 43 includes a solid sample clamp 431 (shown in Figure 4 ), the solid sample clamp 431 has a clamping part for clamping the solid sample and a driving part for driving the clamping part to move. A driving rack 432 is fixedly installed on the driving part of the solid sample clamp 431, and a driving gear 433 meshing with the driving rack 432 is rotatably installed in the mounting tube 41. When the driving gear 433 rotates, it drives the driving rack 432 to move, thereby driving the clamping part to move closer to clamp the solid sample. When the driving gear 433 rotates in the opposite direction, it drives the clamping part to move away from each other, so that the clamped solid sample is placed in the corresponding sample storage compartment 22 of the sample storage container 2.

[0030] like Figure 6As shown, in this embodiment, the solid sample collection assembly 43 has two solid sample clamps 431, each of which includes a connecting rod 4311 and a clamping claw 4312 fixedly installed at one end of the connecting rod 4311, wherein the clamping claw 4312 is a clamping portion of the solid sample clamp 431, and an L-shaped driving rod 4313 (shown in FIG. 4 ) is fixed at the other end of the connecting rod 4311. Figure 5 ), the driving rod 4313 is the driving part of the solid sample holder 431, and the driving rod 4313 includes a connecting section 4314 and a driving section 4315 (shown in FIG. Figure 6 ), the connecting section 4314 is fixedly connected to the connecting rod 4311, the driving section 4315 is inserted into the mounting tube 41, that is, the mounting tube 41 is provided with an opening, the driving section 4315 is slidably installed in the opening of the mounting tube 41, the driving section 4315 is fixedly provided with the driving rack 432, the driving racks 432 on the driving sections 4315 of the two solid sample clamps 431 are parallel and arranged facing each other, that is, the teeth on the two driving racks 432 are arranged facing each other, and the two driving racks 432 are meshed with the driving gear 433. When the driving gear 433 rotates, it can drive the connecting sections 4314 on the driving rods 4313 of the two solid sample clamps 431 to approach each other, and then drive the clamping jaws 4312 of the two solid sample clamps 431 to approach each other so as to clamp the solid sample. When the driving gear 433 rotates in the opposite direction, it can drive the connecting sections 4314 on the driving rods 4313 of the two solid sample clamps 431 away from each other, thereby driving the clamping jaws 4312 of the two solid sample clamps 431 away from each other, thereby placing the clamped solid sample into the corresponding sample storage compartment 22 of the sample storage container 2.

[0031] Regarding the specific structure of the clutch 45, Fig. 9 , 10As shown, the clutch 45 includes a double telescopic rod telescopic cylinder 451 fixedly mounted on the main shaft 1. The double telescopic rod telescopic cylinder is an existing telescopic cylinder with two telescopic rods. When the telescopic cylinder is in motion, the two telescopic rods can perform telescopic movements independently or synchronously. An electric telescopic cylinder, a pneumatic telescopic cylinder or a hydraulic cylinder can be used. In this embodiment, an electric double telescopic rod telescopic cylinder is used, and the cylinder body of the double telescopic rod telescopic cylinder 451 is fixed on the main shaft 1. A water sample collection assembly joint plate 452 is fixed on the first telescopic rod 4511 of the double telescopic rod telescopic cylinder 451, and a solid sample collection assembly joint plate 453 is fixed on the second telescopic rod 4512. When the first telescopic rod 4511 is extended, the water sample collection assembly joint plate 452 is driven to engage with the lead screw 423 of the water sample collection assembly 42. In this embodiment, when the water sample collection assembly joint plate 452 is engaged with the lead screw 423 of the water sample collection assembly 42, the water sample collection assembly joint plate 452 is fitted and fixed on the outer surface of the lead screw 423, and the friction between the water sample collection assembly joint plate 452 and the lead screw 423 is relied on to achieve a fixed connection between the two. After the engagement, the power of the main shaft 44 is transmitted to the water sample collection assembly 42 through the clutch 45, and the rotation of the main shaft 44 can drive the lead screw 42 to rotate through the clutch 45. The lead screw 42 is rotated in different directions by the forward or reverse rotation of the main shaft 44, thereby achieving the upward or downward sliding of the piston 433 in the water sample collection tube 421.

[0032] When the second telescopic rod 4512 is extended, the solid sample collection assembly joint plate 453 is driven to engage with the driving gear 433 of the solid sample collection assembly 43. In this embodiment, the driving gear 433 is coaxially fixed with a joint cylinder 434. When the solid sample collection assembly joint plate 453 is engaged with the driving gear 433 of the solid sample collection assembly 43, the solid sample collection assembly joint plate 453 is fitted and fixed on the inner surface of the joint cylinder 434, and the friction between the solid sample collection assembly joint plate 453 and the joint cylinder 434 is used to achieve a fixed connection between the two. After the engagement, the power of the main shaft 44 is transmitted to the solid sample collection assembly 43 through the clutch 45, and the rotation of the main shaft 44 can drive the joint cylinder 434 and the driving gear 433 to rotate through the clutch 45. The forward or reverse rotation of the main shaft 44 realizes the rotation of the driving gear 433 in different directions, thereby realizing the approach or distance of the clamping jaws 4312 of the solid sample clamp 431.

[0033] In order to improve the stability of the clutch 45 and the water sample collection component 42 or the solid sample collection component 43, as shown in FIG. Fig. 9 , 10As shown, in this embodiment, two double telescopic rod telescopic cylinders 451 are installed on the main shaft 44. A water sample collection assembly joint plate 452 is fixed on the first telescopic rod 4512 of each double telescopic rod telescopic cylinder 451. When the water sample collection assembly joint plate 452 is engaged with the lead screw 423, the lead screw 423 is clamped and fixed between the two water sample collection assembly joint plates 452. A solid sample collection assembly joint plate 453 is fixed on the second telescopic rod 452 of each double telescopic rod telescopic cylinder 451. When the solid sample collection assembly joint plate 453 is engaged with the joint cylinder 434, the two solid sample collection assembly joint plates 453 are supported on the inner wall of the joint cylinder 434.

[0034] In order to realize the rotational installation of the lead screw 423 on the mounting cylinder 41, as shown in FIG. Figure 5 As shown, a screw mounting plate 411 is fixedly mounted in the mounting cylinder 41, and the screw 423 is rotatably mounted on the screw mounting plate 411. In order to realize the rotatable mounting of the coupling cylinder 434 and the driving gear 433 in the mounting cylinder 41, a coupling cylinder mounting plate 412 is also solidly mounted in the mounting cylinder 41, the coupling cylinder 434 is rotatably mounted on the coupling cylinder mounting plate 412, and the screw 423 is also rotatably mounted on the coupling cylinder mounting plate 412. In this embodiment, the screw 423 is inserted into the driving gear 433 and is rotatably connected to the driving gear 433.

[0035] like Figure 5 , 6 As shown, in order to realize the rotation of the main shaft 44 , a main shaft driving motor 46 is fixedly installed in the installation tube 41 , and the main shaft driving motor 46 drives the main shaft 44 to rotate.

[0036] When sampling using the sample collection device for stratified sampling of lakes of this embodiment, when collecting water samples, the telescopic rod 31 extends to drive the sampling mechanism 4 through the bottom opening 231 of the sampling compartment 23 and extends into the lake, and the first telescopic rod 4511 of the double telescopic rod telescopic cylinder 451 of the clutch 45 extends, driving the water sample collection component coupling plate 452 thereon to engage with the screw 423 of the water sample collection component 42, and then the main shaft 44 rotates to drive the screw 4423 to rotate through the clutch 45, thereby driving the piston 422 to slide upward in the water sample collection tube 421 to extract the water sample into the water sample collection tube 421. After sampling is completed, the telescopic rod 31 contracts and drives the sampling mechanism 4 to extend out of the lake through the bottom opening 231 of the sampling compartment 23 and move to the top of the sample storage container 2. Then, the telescopic rod 31 rotates around the central axis 21 of the sample storage container 2 to the top of the corresponding sample storage compartment 22 for storing water samples. The main shaft 44 rotates in the opposite direction to drive the screw 4423 of the water sample collection assembly 42 to rotate in the opposite direction through the clutch 45, thereby driving the piston 422 to slide downward in the water sample collection tube 421 to discharge the water sample extracted from the water sample collection tube 421 into the corresponding sample storage compartment 22 for storing water samples in the sample storage container 2. Then, the telescopic rod 31 rotates around the central axis 21 of the sample storage container 2 to the top of the sampling compartment 23, preparing for the next sampling operation.

[0037] When collecting solid samples, the telescopic rod 31 extends to drive the sampling mechanism 4 through the bottom opening 231 of the sampling compartment 23 into the lake, and the second telescopic rod 4512 of the double telescopic rod telescopic cylinder 451 of the clutch 45 extends, driving the solid sample collection component coupling plate 453 thereon to engage with the coupling tube 434 of the solid sample collection component 43. Then, the main shaft 44 rotates through the clutch 45 to drive the coupling tube 434 and the driving gear 433 to rotate, thereby driving the driving rack 432 to move, thereby driving the clamping jaws 4312 of the solid sample clamp 431 to approach to clamp solid samples such as sediment (mud), plants, and ice. After sampling is completed, the telescopic rod 31 contracts and drives the sampling mechanism 4 to extend out of the lake through the bottom opening 231 of the sampling compartment 23 and move to the top of the sample storage container 2. Then, the telescopic rod 31 rotates around the central axis 21 of the sample storage container 2 to the top of the corresponding sample storage compartment 22 for storing solid samples. The main shaft 44 rotates in the opposite direction to drive the coupling cylinder 434 and the driving gear 433 of the solid sample collection assembly 43 to rotate in the opposite direction through the clutch 45, thereby driving the driving rack 432 to move in the opposite direction, thereby driving the clamping claws 4312 of the solid sample clamp 431 to move away from each other, so as to place the clamped solid sample into the corresponding sample storage compartment 22 for storing solid samples in the sample storage container 2. Then, the telescopic rod 31 rotates around the central axis 21 of the sample storage container 2 to the top of the sampling compartment 23, and prepares for the next sampling operation.

[0038] The above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A sample collection device for lake stratified sampling, comprising a frame (1), characterized in that: A sample storage container (2) is fixed on the frame (1), and a plurality of sample storage compartments (22) are arranged on the sample storage container (2) around its central axis (21); a telescopic rod (31) is rotatably mounted on the frame (1) and is rotatable around the central axis (21); a sampling mechanism (4) is mounted on the telescopic rod (31); the sampling mechanism (4) comprises a mounting tube (41) fixed on the telescopic rod (31), a water sample collection component (42) and a solid sample collection component (43) mounted on the mounting tube (41); a main shaft (44) is rotatably mounted in the mounting tube (41), and a clutch (45) is mounted on the main shaft (44) and is capable of transmitting power to the water sample collection component (42) or the solid sample collection component (43); when the main shaft (44) rotates, the clutch (45) drives the water sample collection component (42) or the solid sample collection component (43) to move; When the telescopic rod (31) is extended to drive the sampling mechanism (4) to extend into the lake, the water sample collection component (42) is activated to extract the water sample or the solid sample collection component (43) is activated to clamp the solid sample. When the telescopic rod (31) is retracted to drive the sampling mechanism (4) to extend out of the lake, the water sample collection component (42) is activated to discharge the water sample into the corresponding sample storage compartment (22) of the sample storage container (2), or the solid sample collection component (43) is activated to place the solid sample into the corresponding sample storage compartment (22). The water sample or the solid sample enters different sample storage compartments (22) by rotating the telescopic rod (31).

2. The sample collection device for lake stratified sampling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water sample collection assembly (42) comprises a water sample collection tube (421) fixedly mounted on the mounting tube (41), a piston (422) in contact with the inner wall of the water sample collection tube (421), and a lead screw (423) threadedly connected to the piston (422) and rotatably mounted on the mounting tube (41); when the lead screw (423) rotates, it drives the piston (422) to slide in the water sample collection tube (421), thereby being able to extract water samples into the water sample collection tube (421) or discharge water samples from the water sample collection tube (421) into the corresponding sample storage compartment (22) of the sample storage container (2).

3. The sample collection device for lake stratified sampling according to claim 2, characterized in that: The solid sample collection assembly (43) comprises a solid sample clamp (431) having a clamping portion and a driving portion, wherein a driving rack (432) is fixedly mounted on the driving portion of the solid sample clamp (431), and a driving gear (433) meshing with the driving rack (432) is rotatably mounted in the mounting tube (41); when the driving gear (433) rotates, it drives the driving rack (432) to move, thereby driving the clamping portion to move closer to clamp the solid sample, or driving the clamping portion to move away from the clamping portion to place the clamped solid sample into a corresponding sample storage compartment (22) of the sample storage container (2).

4. The sample collection device for lake stratified sampling according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The solid sample collection assembly (43) comprises two solid sample clamps (431), each solid sample clamp (431) comprising a connecting rod (4311) and a clamping claw (4312) fixedly mounted on one end of the connecting rod (4311), the clamping claw (4312) being the clamping portion of the solid sample clamp (431), an L-shaped driving rod (4313) being fixedly mounted on the other end of the connecting rod (4311), the driving rod (4313) being the driving portion of the solid sample clamp (431), the driving rod (4313) comprising a connecting section (4314) and a driving section (4315) which are fixedly connected to each other perpendicularly, the connecting section (4314) being fixedly connected to the connecting rod (4311), the driving section (4315) being fixedly provided with the driving rack (432), and the driving racks (432) on the driving sections (4315) of the two solid sample clamps (431) being parallel and arranged facing each other.

5. The sample collection device for lake stratified sampling according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The clutch (45) comprises a double telescopic rod telescopic cylinder (451) fixedly mounted on the main shaft (1); a water sample collection component engaging plate (452) is fixedly mounted on the first telescopic rod (4511) of the double telescopic rod telescopic cylinder (451); a solid sample collection component engaging plate (453) is fixedly mounted on the second telescopic rod (4512); when the first telescopic rod (4511) is extended, the water sample collection component engaging plate (452) is driven to engage with the lead screw (423) of the water sample collection component (42); at this time, the power of the main shaft (44) is transmitted to the water sample collection component (42) through the clutch (45); and the rotation of the main shaft (44) can drive the lead screw (42) to rotate through the clutch (45); When the second telescopic rod (4512) is extended, it drives the solid sample collection component engagement plate (453) to engage with the driving gear (433) of the solid sample collection component (43). At this time, the power of the main shaft (44) is transmitted to the solid sample collection component (43) through the clutch (45), and the rotation of the main shaft (44) can drive the driving gear (433) to rotate through the clutch (45).

6. The sample collection device for lake stratified sampling according to claim 5, characterized in that: When the water sample collection component joint plate (452) is joined to the lead screw (423) of the water sample collection component (42), the water sample collection component joint plate (452) is fitted and fixed to the outer surface of the lead screw (423); A coupling cylinder (434) is coaxially fixed on the driving gear (433). When the solid sample collection component coupling plate (453) is coupled with the driving gear (433) of the solid sample collection component (43), the solid sample collection component coupling plate (453) is fitted and fixed to the inner surface of the coupling cylinder (434).

7. The sample collection device for lake stratified sampling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sample storage container (2) comprises four sample storage compartments (22) respectively used to store water samples, sediment samples, plant samples and ice samples; the solid sample collection component (43) is capable of clamping sediment samples, plant samples or ice samples; the water sample extracted by the water sample collection component (42) is capable of entering the sample storage compartment (22) for storing water samples by rotating the telescopic rod (31); and the sediment sample, plant sample or ice sample clamped by the solid sample collection component (43) is capable of entering the sample storage compartment (22) for storing sediment samples, the sample storage compartment (22) for storing plant samples or the sample storage compartment (22) for storing ice samples.

8. The sample collection device for lake stratified sampling according to claim 7, characterized in that: The sample storage container (2) further comprises a sampling compartment (23) through which the telescopic rod (31) and the sampling mechanism (4) pass. The sampling compartment (23) and the sample storage compartment (22) are arranged in a circular array around the central axis (21). The sampling mechanism (4) on the telescopic rod (31) can extend into the lake through a bottom opening (231) of the sampling compartment (23). After extending out of the lake, the sampling mechanism (4) can pass through the bottom opening (231) of the sampling compartment (23) and move to the top of the sample storage container (2).

9. The sample collection device for lake stratified sampling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The collection device further comprises a telescopic rod drive motor (32) fixedly mounted on the frame (1); the output shaft of the telescopic rod drive motor (32) is coaxially arranged with the central axis (21) of the sample storage container (2); a telescopic rod fixing plate (33) is fixedly mounted on the output shaft of the telescopic rod drive motor (32); the telescopic rod (31) is fixedly mounted on the telescopic rod fixing plate (33); when the output shaft of the telescopic rod drive motor (32) rotates, the telescopic rod fixing plate (33) is driven to rotate around the output shaft of the telescopic rod drive motor (32), thereby driving the telescopic rod (31) to rotate around the central axis (21) of the sample storage container (2).

10. The sample collection device for lake stratified sampling according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sealing plate (424) is solidly mounted on the mounting tube (41) to seal the upper opening of the water sample collection tube (421), and a vent hole (4241) communicating with the atmosphere is provided on the sealing plate (424).

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