Continental shale oil characteristic characterization method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium

Abstract

The invention provides a continental facies shale oil characteristic characterization method and device, electronic equipment and a storage medium, and relates to the technical field of petroleum, the method comprises the following steps: obtaining characteristic data of a first dimension and a second dimension of an aged continental facies shale sample, and obtaining characteristic data of the first dimension of a fresh continental facies shale sample; on the basis of the characteristic data of the first dimension and the second dimension of the aged continental facies shale sample and the characteristic data of the first dimension of the fresh continental facies shale sample, performing characteristic characterization on the fresh continental facies shale sample by utilizing a frozen focused ion beam scanning electron microscope imaging technology to obtain the characteristic data of the third dimension of the fresh continental facies shale sample; the third dimension comprises at least one of occurrence characteristics, main control factors and effective oil storage space. According to the continental facies shale oil characteristic characterization method and device, the electronic equipment and the storage medium provided by the invention, the occurrence characteristics, the main control factors and the characteristic data of at least one dimension in the effective oil storage space of the fresh continental facies shale can be more accurately obtained.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of petroleum technology, and in particular to a method, device, electronic equipment and storage medium for characterizing continental shale oil characteristics. Background Art

[0002] The occurrence characteristics, main controlling factors and effective oil storage space of shale oil are the key to evaluating the resource potential, development difficulty and economic feasibility of shale oil. By characterizing the occurrence characteristics, main controlling factors and effective oil storage space of shale oil, a data basis can be provided for the exploration, development and production of shale oil.

[0003] Continental shale oil refers to oil resources in shale formations formed in continental sedimentary environments (such as lakes, rivers and other terrestrial environments). Compared with marine shale oil (such as North American shale oil), the shale formations where continental shale oil is located have the characteristics of multi-source mixed accumulation, integrated source and reservoir, thin layer superposition, overall oil content and local enrichment, complex lithofacies, and variable oil evolution processes, which makes it difficult to characterize the occurrence characteristics, main controlling factors and effective oil storage space of continental shale oil. In the relevant technology, when characterizing the characteristics of continental shale oil, the characterization results often differ greatly from the actual situation, making it difficult to accurately characterize the characteristics of continental shale oil, thereby limiting the exploration and development of continental shale oil.

[0004] Therefore, how to characterize the characteristics of shale oil more accurately is a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently in this field. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention provides a method, device, electronic device and storage medium for characterizing the characteristics of continental shale oil, so as to solve the defect in the prior art that it is difficult to accurately characterize the occurrence characteristics, main controlling factors and effective oil storage space of shale oil, and to achieve more accurate characterization of the occurrence characteristics, main controlling factors and effective oil storage space of shale oil.

[0006] The present invention provides a method for characterizing the characteristics of continental shale oil, comprising the following steps.

[0007] Acquire characteristic data of the first dimension and the second dimension of the aged continental shale sample, and acquire characteristic data of the first dimension of the fresh continental shale sample; the aged continental shale sample is a continental shale sample obtained in the target underground area by the pressure-maintaining coring technology, and is placed in a normal temperature and pressure environment for preservation for more than a first preset time after acquisition; the fresh continental shale sample is a continental shale sample obtained in the target underground area by the pressure-maintaining coring technology, and is placed in a low-temperature environment for preservation for no more than a second preset time after acquisition, and the fresh continental shale sample is isolated from air when stored in the low-temperature environment; the first dimension includes at least one of lithology type, lithofacies type and maturity; the second dimension includes at least one of total organic carbon content and / or mineral combination; Based on the characteristic data of the first and second dimensions of the aged continental shale samples and the characteristic data of the first dimension of the fresh continental shale samples, the fresh continental shale samples are characterized by using cryo-focused ion beam scanning electron microscope imaging technology to obtain characteristic data of the third dimension of the fresh continental shale samples; the third dimension includes at least one of occurrence characteristics, main controlling factors and effective oil storage space.

[0008] According to a method for characterizing continental shale oil provided by the present invention, based on the characteristic data of the first dimension and the second dimension of the aged continental shale sample and the characteristic data of the first dimension of the fresh continental shale sample, the method characterizes the fresh continental shale sample using a cryo-focused ion beam scanning electron microscope imaging technique to obtain the characteristic data of the third dimension of the fresh continental shale sample, including: Taking part of the fresh continental shale samples for slicing, obtaining fresh continental shale sample slices, and obtaining images of the fresh continental shale sample slices; Based on the feature data of the first dimension of the fresh continental shale sample, a first regional positioning model corresponding to the fresh continental shale sample is determined, the first regional positioning model corresponding to the fresh continental shale sample is obtained after training based on the feature data of the second dimension of the sample stored continental shale sample and the position information of the first area of ​​interest on the slice of the sample stored continental shale sample, the feature data of the first dimension of the sample stored continental shale sample matches the feature data of the first dimension of the fresh continental shale sample, the stored continental shale sample includes the sample stored continental shale sample, and the slice of the sample stored continental shale sample is obtained by slicing part of the sample stored continental shale sample; Inputting the image of the fresh continental shale sample slice into the first region positioning model corresponding to the fresh continental shale sample, and obtaining the position information of the first region of interest on the fresh continental shale sample slice output by the first region positioning model corresponding to the fresh continental shale sample; Based on the position information of the first area of ​​interest on the fresh continental shale sample slice, two-dimensional imaging characterization is performed in the first area of ​​interest on the fresh continental shale sample slice using cryo-focused ion beam scanning electron microscope imaging technology, and then the characteristic data of the third dimension of the fresh continental shale sample is acquired based on the two-dimensional imaging characterization result.

[0009] According to a method for characterizing continental shale oil provided by the present invention, after acquiring the image of the slice of the fresh continental shale sample, the method further comprises: Based on the feature data of the first dimension of the fresh continental shale sample, a second region of interest positioning model corresponding to the fresh continental shale sample is determined, wherein the second region of interest positioning model corresponding to the fresh continental shale sample is obtained after training based on the feature data of the second dimension of the sampled continental shale sample and the position information of the second region of interest on the slice of the sampled continental shale sample; Inputting the image of the fresh continental shale sample slice into a second region of interest positioning model corresponding to the fresh continental shale sample, and obtaining the position information of the second region of interest on the fresh continental shale sample slice output by the second region of interest positioning model corresponding to the fresh continental shale sample; Based on the position information of the second area of ​​interest on the fresh continental shale sample slice, the second area of ​​interest on the fresh continental shale sample slice is subjected to three-dimensional imaging characterization using cryo-focused ion beam scanning electron microscope imaging technology in the second area of ​​interest on the fresh continental shale sample slice, and then the characteristic data of the third dimension of the fresh continental shale sample is acquired based on the three-dimensional imaging characterization result.

[0010] According to a method for characterizing continental shale oil characteristics provided by the present invention, based on the position information of the first region of interest on the fresh continental shale sample slice, two-dimensional imaging characterization is performed in the first region of interest on the fresh continental shale sample slice using a cryo-focused ion beam scanning electron microscope imaging technique, comprising: Pre-treating the fresh continental shale sample slice to obtain a pre-treated fresh continental shale sample slice; Transferring the pretreated fresh continental shale sample slice into a sample chamber of a cryo-focused ion beam scanning electron microscope in a frozen state, and etching a plurality of two-dimensional fresh surfaces in the first region of interest on the pretreated fresh continental shale sample slice using a focused ion beam at a first temperature; Using the cryo-focused ion beam scanning electron microscope to obtain a scanning electron microscope image of the fresh surface as the two-dimensional imaging characterization result, and using an energy spectrometer carried by the cryo-focused ion beam scanning electron microscope to obtain chemical composition data of the fresh surface as the two-dimensional imaging characterization result; The pretreated fresh terrestrial shale sample slices are heated to a second temperature, and a scanning electron microscope is used to obtain a scanning electron microscope image of the fresh surface again at the second temperature as the two-dimensional imaging characterization result, and an energy spectrometer carried by the scanning electron microscope is used to obtain chemical composition data of the fresh surface again as the two-dimensional imaging characterization result.

[0011] According to a method for characterizing continental shale oil characteristics provided by the present invention, based on the position information of the second region of interest on the fresh continental shale sample slice, a cryo-focused ion beam scanning electron microscope imaging technique is used in the second region of interest on the fresh continental shale sample slice to perform three-dimensional imaging characterization on the second region of interest on the fresh continental shale sample slice, comprising: At the first temperature, a cube of a target size is obtained by etching in the second region of interest on the pretreated fresh continental shale sample slice using a focused ion beam; Slicing the cube with a preset thickness using a focused ion beam at the first temperature, obtaining a scanning electron microscope image of each cube slice using the cryo-focused ion beam scanning electron microscope, and obtaining chemical composition data of each cube slice using an energy spectrometer carried by the cryo-focused ion beam scanning electron microscope, wherein the number of each cube slice is a preset number; Three-dimensional skeleton modeling is performed based on the scanning electron microscope images of each of the cube slices to obtain a three-dimensional skeleton model of the cube. A pore space structure is generated in the three-dimensional skeleton model of the cube based on the chemical composition data of each of the cube slices to obtain a three-dimensional model of the cube as the three-dimensional imaging characterization result.

[0012] According to a method for characterizing continental shale oil provided by the present invention, the fresh continental shale sample is obtained by the following steps: after the continental shale sample is obtained from the target underground area by pressure-maintaining coring technology, a protective layer for isolating air is coated on the surface of the continental shale sample; After the surface of the continental shale sample is coated with the protective layer, the continental shale sample coated with the protective layer is stored in dry ice; When the storage time of the continental shale sample coated with the protective layer in dry ice does not exceed the second preset time, the continental shale sample is determined as the fresh continental shale sample.

[0013] The present invention also provides a device for characterizing continental shale oil, comprising the following modules: The present invention also provides an electronic device, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein when the processor executes the computer program, any of the above-mentioned methods for characterizing the characteristics of continental shale oil is implemented.

[0014] The present invention also provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements any of the above-described methods for characterizing the characteristics of continental shale oil.

[0015] The present invention also provides a computer program product, comprising a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements any of the above-mentioned methods for characterizing the characteristics of continental shale oil.

[0016] The method, device, electronic device and storage medium for characterizing continental shale oil provided by the present invention can preserve the fresh continental shale samples obtained by the pressure-maintaining coring technology in a low-temperature environment and isolated from air before characterizing, so as to maximize the maintenance of the physical and chemical properties of the fresh continental shale samples as close to their original states as possible, thereby improving the accuracy of subsequent characterization, and can use the first-dimensional and second-dimensional characteristic data of the aged continental shale samples stored for a long time at room temperature to provide data guidance for characterizing the fresh continental shale samples, and can use the high-resolution three-dimensional imaging technology of the cryo-focused ion beam scanning electron microscope to achieve in-situ imaging characterization of the fresh continental shale samples, and can more accurately obtain the occurrence characteristics, main controlling factors and characteristic data of at least one dimension of the effective oil storage space of the fresh continental shale, effectively breaking through the bottleneck of data distortion caused by sample deterioration in traditional characterization methods, providing a more accurate data basis for the exploration, development and production of shale oil, and having important guiding significance for the formulation of shale oil exploration and development plans. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the process of the method for characterizing the characteristics of continental shale oil provided by the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 It is a cubic scanning electron microscope image obtained by etching in the second region of interest on a slice of a fresh continental shale sample after pretreatment in the continental shale oil characteristic characterization method provided by the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the device for characterizing the characteristics of continental shale oil provided by the present invention.

[0021] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the electronic device provided by the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] In the description of the invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0024] In the description of the present application, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchangeable under appropriate circumstances, so that the embodiments of the present application can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described here, and the objects distinguished by "first", "second", etc. are usually a class, and the number of objects is not limited. For example, the first object can be one or more. In addition, in the description of the present application, "and / or" represents at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / " generally represents that the front and back associated objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0025] It should be noted that as oil is the core of the global energy system, the depletion of conventional crude oil reserves makes the exploration of unconventional oil resources extremely important. Shale oil refers to oil resources stored in shale formations, including oil in pores and cracks of mud shale, and oil in adjacent layers and interlayers of dense carbonate or clastic rocks in mud shale formations. As an unconventional oil resource, the exploration and development of shale oil is of great significance to the optimization of energy structure and the guarantee of energy security.

[0026] The occurrence characteristics of shale oil refer to the distribution state, phase state and interaction between shale oil and rocks in underground reservoirs. The occurrence characteristics of shale oil mainly include occurrence phase state, distribution characteristics and occurrence space.

[0027] The main controlling factors of shale oil refer to the factors that have a decisive influence on the formation, enrichment, storage and exploitation of shale oil. The main controlling factors of shale oil may include but are not limited to organic matter characteristics, mineral composition, reservoir properties, temperature and pressure conditions, and tectonic background.

[0028] The effective storage space of shale oil refers to the pore and fracture system in shale that can store and flow oil and gas. The effective storage space of shale oil mainly includes organic pores, inorganic mineral pores, micro-fracture networks and dissolution voids.

[0029] The occurrence characteristics, main controlling factors and effective oil storage space of shale oil are the key to evaluating the resource potential, development difficulty and economic feasibility of shale oil.

[0030] In the related technology, the traditional method of characterizing continental shale oil characteristics can characterize the characteristics of continental shale oil through physical and chemical characterization technology (such as rock pyrolysis or nuclear magnetic resonance) or microscopic imaging technology (such as conventional field emission scanning electron microscopy or focused ion beam-scanning electron microscopy). However, after coring the shale in the underground high temperature and high pressure environment (temperature 60-200℃, pressure 10-100MPa) to the surface environment (temperature 25℃, pressure 101.3KPa), the hydrocarbons in the shale samples obtained by coring will undergo significant migration and loss due to the drastic change in environmental conditions, making it difficult to accurately characterize the characteristics of continental shale oil based on the above physical and chemical characterization technology.

[0031] When characterizing the characteristics of continental shale samples using microscopic imaging technology, it is necessary to image and characterize the freshly polished surface of the shale samples in a high vacuum environment. However, the liquid hydrocarbons on the freshly polished surface of the shale samples are unstable and easy to escape in a high vacuum environment, resulting in a large difference between the characterization results obtained by characterizing the characteristics of continental shale oil based on microscopic imaging technology and the actual situation. Therefore, how to characterize the characteristics of shale oil more accurately is a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently in this field.

[0032] In this regard, the present invention provides a method for characterizing continental shale oil characteristics. The method for characterizing continental shale oil characteristics provided by the present invention innovatively establishes a characteristic characterization experimental process for in-situ imaging of continental shale samples, promotes the development of in-situ imaging characteristic characterization technology for shale oil, and has important guiding significance for deepening the understanding of in-situ geological theory of continental shale oil and the formulation of continental shale oil development strategies.

[0033] Combine the following Figure 1-Figure 2 The present invention describes the method for characterizing the characteristics of continental shale oil.

[0034] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the process of the method for characterizing the characteristics of continental shale oil provided by the present invention, such as Figure 1 As shown, the method includes the following: Step 101, obtaining characteristic data of the first dimension and the second dimension of the aged continental shale sample, and obtaining characteristic data of the first dimension of the fresh continental shale sample; the aged continental shale sample is obtained in the target underground area by the pressure-maintaining coring technology, and is placed in a normal temperature and pressure environment for a first preset time after being obtained; the fresh continental shale sample is obtained in the target underground area by the pressure-maintaining coring technology, and is placed in a low-temperature environment for a second preset time after being obtained, and the fresh continental shale sample is isolated from the air when stored in the low-temperature environment; the first dimension includes at least one of lithology type, lithofacies type and maturity; the second dimension includes at least one of total organic carbon content and / or mineral combination.

[0035] It should be noted that the embodiment of the present invention is implemented by a device for characterizing continental shale oil characteristics. The device for characterizing continental shale oil characteristics can be configured in electronic devices such as computers or servers.

[0036] Specifically, fresh continental shale samples are the subject of the characterization method for continental shale oil provided by the present invention. Based on the characterization method for continental shale oil provided by the present invention, characteristic data of the third dimension of fresh continental shale samples can be obtained.

[0037] It should be noted that the first preset duration and the second preset duration of the two embodiments of the present invention can be determined based on prior knowledge and / or actual conditions. For example, the value range of the first preset duration can be 80 days to 100 days; the value range of the second preset duration can be 6 to 8 days. The specific values ​​of the first preset duration and the second preset duration are not limited in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0038] It should be noted that the normal temperature and pressure environment in the embodiment of the present invention is an environment with room temperature (25°C) and atmospheric pressure (101.3 kPa). The temperature of the low temperature environment in the embodiment of the present invention can be determined based on prior knowledge and / or actual conditions, and the temperature of the low temperature environment is not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0039] It can be understood that in the embodiment of the present invention, the number of the aged continental shale samples is multiple, and the number of the fresh continental shale samples can be one or more.

[0040] As an optional embodiment, fresh continental shale samples are obtained by the following steps: after the continental shale samples are obtained from the target underground area by pressure-maintaining coring technology, a protective layer for isolating air is coated on the surface of the continental shale samples.

[0041] It should be noted that pressure-maintaining coring technology is a drilling coring technology that can maintain or approach the original pressure of the formation during the coring process. It is mainly used to obtain underground core samples and ensure that the fluid components such as oil, gas and water in the core are not lost during the coring process, so as to accurately reflect the original state of the formation. When obtaining core samples through pressure-maintaining coring technology, the formation pressure inside the core is maintained during the coring process through pressure compensation devices (such as high-pressure gas chambers and regulating valves) to prevent the gas and light components in the core from escaping due to pressure reduction. The core surface is wrapped with a sealing fluid (such as calcium carbonate, calcium bromide, etc.) to prevent the drilling fluid from contaminating the core. At the same time, the core barrel is closed by a ball valve mechanism after the coring is completed to ensure that the core remains in a sealed state during the drilling process. During the drilling process, high-pressure nitrogen or inert gas is used to supplement the pressure in the inner core barrel to maintain a constant pressure inside the core and ensure that the core still maintains the original formation pressure before ground processing.

[0042] It should be noted that the target underground area in the embodiment of the present invention may be determined based on actual needs. The target underground area in the embodiment of the present invention is not specifically limited.

[0043] It can be understood that the aged continental shale samples and the fresh continental shale samples in the embodiments of the present invention are continental shale samples taken from the same underground area but with different preservation methods and preservation times.

[0044] After the continental shale sample is obtained from the target underground area by the pressure-maintaining coring technology, a protective layer for isolating the air may be coated on the surface of the continental shale sample within a third preset time period.

[0045] It should be noted that the third preset duration in the embodiment of the present invention may be determined based on prior knowledge and / or actual conditions, for example, the value range of the third preset duration may be 20 seconds to 40 seconds. The specific value of the third preset duration is not limited in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0046] Optionally, the protective layer used to coat the continental shale sample in the embodiment of the present invention can be a polyethylene film, a paraffin film, a polyvinyl chloride film or a polyester film, as well as a paraffin coating or a silicone coating.

[0047] After the surface of the continental shale sample is coated with the protective layer, the continental shale sample coated with the protective layer is stored in dry ice.

[0048] Specifically, after the surface of the above-mentioned continental shale sample is coated with a protective layer for isolating the space, the above-mentioned continental shale sample coated with the protective layer can be placed in a low-temperature freezer containing dry ice within a fourth preset time period, and then the continental shale sample in a low-temperature environment can be transported to the laboratory under cold chain conditions.

[0049] It should be noted that the fourth preset duration in the embodiment of the present invention may be determined based on prior knowledge and / or actual conditions. For example, the value range of the fourth preset duration may be 20 seconds to 40 seconds. The specific value of the fourth preset duration is not limited in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0050] It can be understood that the sublimation temperature of dry ice is -78.5°C. Therefore, when the continental shale sample coated with the protective layer in the embodiment of the present invention is stored in a low-temperature environment, the temperature of the low-temperature environment is -78.5°C.

[0051] When the storage time of the continental shale sample coated with the protective layer in the dry ice does not exceed the second preset time, the continental shale sample is determined to be a fresh continental shale sample.

[0052] It should be noted that the storage time of the above-mentioned continental shale sample coated with the protective layer in dry ice is counted from the moment when the above-mentioned continental shale sample coated with the protective layer is placed in the dry ice.

[0053] As an optional embodiment, the stored continental shale sample is obtained by the following steps: after the continental shale sample is obtained from the target underground area by the pressure-maintaining coring technology, the continental shale sample is stored in a normal temperature and pressure environment. When the time for which the continental shale sample is stored in the normal temperature and pressure environment exceeds a first preset time, the continental shale sample is determined to be a stored continental shale sample.

[0054] It should be noted that the storage time of the above-mentioned continental shale samples in a normal temperature and pressure environment is counted from the moment when the above-mentioned continental shale samples are in the normal temperature and pressure environment.

[0055] In the embodiment of the present invention, the characteristic data of the first dimension and the second dimension of the Chenzhi continental shale samples can be obtained by testing and analyzing some samples of the Chenzhi continental shale samples.

[0056] It should be noted that the total organic carbon content (TOC) in the embodiment of the present invention refers to the richness of organic matter in shale, which is usually proportional to the oil and gas potential of shale. Maturity can reflect the degree of thermal evolution of shale, and high maturity usually means that shale has a higher potential for oil and gas generation. Mineral combination can affect the pore structure and oil and gas occurrence state of shale. Lithological classification includes mudstone and shale, etc., which affects the occurrence state and distribution of oil and gas in shale. Shales with different lithofacies classification have different pore characteristics and oil and gas storage capacity.

[0057] Specifically, some samples of the Chenzhi terrestrial shale samples can be taken for geochemical analysis, including rock pyrolysis, total organic carbon (TOC) measurement, and vitrinite reflectance (Ro) analysis test, to obtain the total organic carbon content and maturity of the Chenzhi terrestrial shale samples.

[0058] Some samples of the Chenzhi continental shale samples can also be taken for petrological and mineralogical characteristic analysis to determine the lithofacies type of the Chenzhi continental shale samples.

[0059] It is also possible to take some samples from the Chenzhi continental shale samples for slicing to obtain a 20 mm thick The thin sections of the Chenzhi continental shale samples can be analyzed using the Zeiss Axio Scope A2 polarizing microscope to determine the lithology of the Chenzhi continental shale samples and distinguish whether the Chenzhi continental shale samples are coarse-grained siltstone or fine-grained shale (the mineral particle size of coarse-grained siltstone is greater than 62.5 ).

[0060] The mineral composition of the above-mentioned Chenzhi continental shale sample can be obtained by testing the thin section of the above-mentioned Chenzhi continental shale sample using X-ray diffraction (XRD) technology.

[0061] It should be noted that by conducting quantitative separation of group composition and chromatographic analysis of saturated hydrocarbons on the crude oil produced in the target underground area, characteristic data such as the chemical composition of the crude oil produced in the target underground area, the type of crude oil, the fluidity and processing properties of the crude oil, the molecular composition of saturated hydrocarbons in the crude oil, the maturity of the crude oil, the degree of biodegradation of the crude oil, the source of organic matter, and the characteristics of the sedimentary environment can be obtained.

[0062] It should be noted that when the above-mentioned Chenzhi continental shale samples are obtained by pressure-maintaining coring technology, the volatilized gas can be collected, and then the above-mentioned gas can be analyzed using headspace-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HS-GC-MS) analysis to obtain the composition of volatile hydrocarbons in the above-mentioned Chenzhi continental shale samples.

[0063] In the embodiment of the present invention, the characteristic data of the first dimension of the fresh continental shale samples can be obtained by testing and analyzing some samples in the fresh continental shale samples.

[0064] It should be noted that the method for obtaining the characteristic data of the first dimension of a fresh continental shale sample is the same as the method for obtaining the characteristic data of the first dimension of an aged continental shale sample, and will not be repeated in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0065] Step 102: Based on the characteristic data of the first and second dimensions of the aged continental shale samples and the characteristic data of the first dimension of the fresh continental shale samples, the fresh continental shale samples are characterized by using cryo-focused ion beam scanning electron microscope imaging technology to obtain characteristic data of the third dimension of the fresh continental shale samples; the third dimension includes at least one of the occurrence characteristics, main controlling factors and effective oil storage space.

[0066] It should be noted that cryo-focused ion beam scanning electron microscopy (Cryo-FIB-SEM) is an advanced technology that combines cryogenic freezing, focused ion beam (FIB) cutting and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) imaging. It is mainly used for high-resolution three-dimensional imaging of samples in a near-natural state.

[0067] After obtaining the characteristic data of the first and second dimensions of the aged continental shale samples and the characteristic data of the first dimension of the fresh continental shale samples, based on the characteristic data of the first and second dimensions of the aged continental shale samples and the characteristic data of the first dimension of the fresh continental shale samples, the fresh continental shale samples can be characterized by using cryo-focused ion beam scanning electron microscope imaging technology, through at least one of numerical calculation, mathematical statistics, conditional judgment and deep learning technology, to obtain the characteristic data of the third dimension of the fresh continental shale samples.

[0068] The embodiment of the present invention preserves the fresh continental shale samples obtained by the pressure-maintaining coring technology in a low-temperature environment and isolated from air before characterization, so as to maintain the physical and chemical properties of the fresh continental shale samples as close to their original states as possible, thereby improving the accuracy of subsequent characterization, and can use the first-dimensional and second-dimensional characteristic data of the aged continental shale samples preserved at room temperature for a long time to provide data guidance for characterization of the fresh continental shale samples. The high-resolution three-dimensional imaging technology of the cryo-focused ion beam scanning electron microscope can be used to achieve in-situ imaging characterization of the fresh continental shale samples, and the characteristic data of at least one dimension of the occurrence characteristics, main controlling factors and effective oil storage space of the fresh continental shale can be more accurately obtained, effectively breaking through the bottleneck of data distortion caused by sample deterioration in traditional characteristic characterization methods, providing a more accurate data basis for the exploration, development and production of shale oil, and having important guiding significance for the formulation of shale oil exploration and development plans.

[0069] As an optional embodiment, based on the characteristic data of the first dimension and the second dimension of the aged continental shale samples and the characteristic data of the first dimension of the fresh continental shale samples, the fresh continental shale samples are characterized by using cryo-focused ion beam scanning electron microscope imaging technology to obtain the characteristic data of the third dimension of the fresh continental shale samples, including: taking part of the fresh continental shale samples for slicing, obtaining fresh continental shale sample slices, and obtaining images of the fresh continental shale sample slices.

[0070] Specifically, in the embodiment of the present invention, part of the fresh continental shale sample can be taken and mechanically crushed and sliced ​​in a liquid nitrogen freezing environment (-196°C), so as to obtain a fresh continental shale sample slice with a length×width×thickness of approximately 5mm×5mm×1mm.

[0071] Similarly, the slices of the Chenzhi continental shale samples in the embodiments of the present invention are obtained by mechanically crushing and slicing part of the Chenzhi continental shale samples in a liquid nitrogen freezing environment (-196°C), and the size of the slices of the Chenzhi continental shale samples is also about 5mm×5mm×1mm.

[0072] It can be understood that in the embodiment of the present invention, the number of fresh continental shale sample slices is multiple, and the number of aged continental shale sample slices is also multiple.

[0073] After obtaining the fresh continental shale sample slices and the aged continental shale sample slices, the fresh continental shale sample slices and the aged continental shale sample slices are both frozen and stored in liquid nitrogen.

[0074] After obtaining the fresh continental shale sample slice, an imaging device such as an optical microscope, a scanning electron microscope or a field microscope may be used to obtain an image of the fresh continental shale sample slice.

[0075] It should be noted that the images of the slices of the aged continental shale samples are obtained by using the same imaging equipment as that used to obtain the images of the slices of the fresh continental shale samples.

[0076] It should be noted that the first region of interest in the embodiment of the present invention is a region on the continental shale sample slice that is suitable for two-dimensional imaging characterization. The second region of interest in the embodiment of the present invention is a region on the continental shale sample slice that is suitable for three-dimensional imaging characterization.

[0077] Correspondingly, after obtaining the image of the Chenzhi terrestrial shale sample slice, the key features in the image of the Chenzhi terrestrial shale sample slice, such as porosity, pore morphology, mineral distribution, micro-crack characteristics and spatial structure characteristics, etc., can be obtained based on the image of the Chenzhi terrestrial shale sample slice. Then, based on the key features in the image of the Chenzhi terrestrial shale sample slice, an algorithm can be used to select an area with a higher total organic carbon content and a better maturity and a good pore structure in the image of the above-mentioned Chenzhi terrestrial shale sample slice, and an area suitable for two-dimensional imaging, as the first area of ​​interest, and an area with a higher total organic carbon content and a better maturity and a good pore structure, and an area suitable for three-dimensional imaging, as the second area of ​​interest. Then, based on the position information of the first area of ​​interest and the second area of ​​interest in the image of the above-mentioned Chenzhi terrestrial shale sample slice, and the mapping relationship between the image of the above-mentioned Chenzhi terrestrial shale sample slice and the above-mentioned Chenzhi terrestrial shale sample slice, the position information of the first area of ​​interest and the position information of the second area of ​​interest in the above-mentioned Chenzhi terrestrial shale sample slice can be obtained.

[0078] Based on the characteristic data of the first dimension of the fresh continental shale sample, a first regional positioning model corresponding to the fresh continental shale sample is determined, and the first regional positioning model corresponding to the fresh continental shale sample is obtained after training based on the characteristic data of the second dimension of the sample aged continental shale sample and the position information of the first area of ​​interest on the slice of the sample aged continental shale sample. The characteristic data of the first dimension of the sample aged continental shale sample matches the characteristic data of the first dimension of the fresh continental shale sample. The aged continental shale sample includes the sample aged continental shale sample, and the slice of the sample aged continental shale sample is obtained by slicing some samples of the sample aged continental shale sample.

[0079] It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, the Chenzhi terrestrial shale samples can be grouped based on the characteristic data of the first dimension of the Chenzhi terrestrial shale samples, and the Chenzhi terrestrial shale samples with the same lithology type can be grouped together, the Chenzhi terrestrial shale samples with the same lithology type can be grouped together, and the Chenzhi terrestrial shale samples with maturity belonging to the same preset maturity range can be grouped together to obtain multiple first-level Chenzhi terrestrial shale sample groups.

[0080] The preset maturity interval may be determined based on prior knowledge and / or actual conditions, and there may be multiple preset maturity intervals, for example, the preset maturity intervals may include [0.5%, 1.5%) and [1.5%, 2.5%). The embodiment of the present invention does not specifically limit the preset maturity intervals.

[0081] It should be noted that the stored continental shale samples included in different primary stored continental shale sample groups can be repeated.

[0082] After obtaining multiple first-level terrestrial shale sample groups, each first-level terrestrial shale sample group can be arranged and combined, and each combination of multiple first-level terrestrial shale sample groups can be determined as a second-level terrestrial shale sample group, thereby obtaining a second-level terrestrial shale sample group with the same lithofacies type and lithological type, a second-level terrestrial shale sample group with the same lithofacies type and maturity belonging to the same preset maturity range, a second-level terrestrial shale sample group with the same lithological type and maturity belonging to the same preset maturity range, and a second-level terrestrial shale sample group with the same lithofacies type, the same lithological type and maturity belonging to the same preset maturity range.

[0083] For each first-level Chenzhi terrestrial shale sample group, the feature data of the second dimension of the Chenzhi terrestrial shale samples in the above-mentioned first-level Chenzhi terrestrial shale sample group can be used as training samples, and the position information of the first area of ​​interest on the Chenzhi terrestrial shale sample slices of the Chenzhi terrestrial shale samples in the above-mentioned first-level Chenzhi terrestrial shale sample group can be used as sample labels to train the first initial model to obtain the first regional positioning model corresponding to the above-mentioned first-level Chenzhi terrestrial shale sample group.

[0084] For each secondary Chenzhi terrestrial shale sample group, the feature data of the second dimension of each Chenzhi terrestrial shale sample in the above secondary Chenzhi terrestrial shale sample group can be used as a training sample, and the position information of the first area of ​​interest on the Chenzhi terrestrial shale sample slice of each Chenzhi terrestrial shale sample in the above secondary Chenzhi terrestrial shale sample group can be used as a sample label to train the first initial model to obtain the first regional positioning model corresponding to the above secondary Chenzhi terrestrial shale sample group.

[0085] It should be noted that the first initial model in the embodiment of the present invention can be constructed based on a supervised learning algorithm, such as a support vector machine (SVM), a random forest (RF) and an artificial neural network (ANN). The first initial model in the embodiment of the present invention can also be constructed based on a deep learning algorithm, such as a convolutional neural network (CNN) or a generative adversarial network (GANs).

[0086] After obtaining the characteristic data of the first dimension of the fresh continental shale samples, a first-level aged continental shale sample group or a second-level aged continental shale sample group whose characteristic data of the first dimension of the aged continental shale samples matches the characteristic data of the first dimension of the fresh continental shale samples can be selected as the aged continental shale sample group corresponding to the fresh continental shale samples, and the first regional positioning model corresponding to the aged continental shale sample group corresponding to the fresh continental shale samples is determined as the first regional positioning model corresponding to the fresh continental shale sample group, and the aged continental shale samples in the aged continental shale sample group corresponding to the fresh continental shale samples are determined as sample aged continental shale samples.

[0087] It can be understood that the characteristic data of the first dimension of the aged continental shale sample matches the characteristic data of the first dimension of the fresh continental shale sample.

[0088] It should be noted that the conditions for judging whether the characteristic data of the first dimension of the fresh continental shale sample matches the characteristic data of the first dimension of the aged continental shale sample include: the lithofacies type of the fresh continental shale sample is the same as the lithofacies type of the aged continental shale sample, the lithology type of the fresh continental shale sample is the same as the lithology type of the aged continental shale sample, and the maturity of the fresh continental shale and the maturity of the aged continental shale sample belong to at least one of the same preset maturity range. The specific contents of the above conditions correspond one-to-one to the data dimensions included in the first dimension.

[0089] For example, in the case where the first dimension includes lithology type or lithofacies type, if the lithofacies type of the fresh continental shale sample is the same as the lithofacies type of the aged continental shale sample, or if the lithology type of the fresh continental shale is the same as the lithology type of the aged continental shale sample, it can be determined that the feature data of the first dimension of the fresh continental shale sample matches the feature data of the first dimension of the aged continental shale sample.

[0090] For another example, when the first dimension includes lithology type, lithofacies type and maturity, if the lithofacies type of the fresh continental shale sample is the same as the lithofacies type of the aged continental shale sample, and the maturity of the fresh continental shale and the maturity of the aged continental shale sample belong to the same preset maturity range, the maturity of the fresh continental shale and the maturity of the aged continental shale sample belong to the same preset maturity range.

[0091] The image of the fresh continental shale sample slice is input into the first regional positioning model corresponding to the fresh continental shale sample, and the position information of the first area of ​​interest on the fresh continental shale sample slice output by the first regional positioning model corresponding to the fresh continental shale sample is obtained.

[0092] Specifically, after determining the first regional positioning model corresponding to the fresh continental shale sample, the image of the fresh continental shale sample slice can be input into the first regional positioning model corresponding to the fresh continental shale sample. The first regional positioning model corresponding to the fresh continental shale sample can extract key features such as porosity, pore morphology, mineral distribution, micro-crack characteristics and spatial structure characteristics in the image of the fresh continental shale sample slice, and then based on the above key features in the image of the fresh continental shale sample slice, the first region of interest can be determined in the image of the fresh continental shale sample slice, and then based on the mapping relationship between the image of the fresh continental shale sample slice and the fresh continental shale sample slice, the position information of the first region of interest on the fresh continental shale sample slice can be obtained and output.

[0093] Based on the position information of the first area of ​​interest on the fresh continental shale sample slice, two-dimensional imaging characterization is performed in the first area of ​​interest on the fresh continental shale sample slice using cryo-focused ion beam scanning electron microscope imaging technology, and then the third-dimensional characteristic data of the fresh continental shale sample is obtained based on the two-dimensional imaging characterization results.

[0094] Specifically, after obtaining the position information of the first area of ​​interest on the fresh continental shale sample slice output by the first area positioning model corresponding to the fresh continental shale sample, two-dimensional imaging characterization can be performed in the first area of ​​interest of the fresh continental shale sample slice using cryo-focused ion beam scanning electron microscope imaging technology, and one or more two-dimensional imaging characterization results can be obtained. Furthermore, based on the above two-dimensional imaging characterization results, the characteristic data of the third dimension of the fresh continental shale sample can be obtained through numerical calculation, mathematical statistics, and deep learning technology.

[0095] As an optional embodiment, based on the position information of the first area of ​​interest on the fresh continental shale sample slice, two-dimensional imaging characterization is performed in the first area of ​​interest on the fresh continental shale sample slice using cryo-focused ion beam scanning electron microscope imaging technology, including: preprocessing the fresh continental shale sample slice to obtain the preprocessed fresh continental shale sample slice.

[0096] Specifically, a fresh continental shale sample slice was safely mounted on the sample stage of a cryo-focused ion beam scanning electron microscope using a mechanical clamp. The sample stage carrying the fresh continental shale sample slice was cryo-transferred to a Leica EMVCT500 vacuum cryo-transfer system and stably frozen at liquid nitrogen temperature. Subsequently, the fresh continental shale sample slice was transferred to a Leica EM ACE200 cryo-coating system through a cryo-transfer chamber in the Leica EM VCT500 vacuum cryo-transfer system. After sublimation to -90°C for about 5 minutes in the Leica EM ACE200 cryo-coating system to remove ice from the surface of the fresh continental shale sample slice, the fresh continental shale sample slice was electroplated with a 5 nm thick tungsten layer to enhance the conductivity, and the pre-treated fresh continental shale sample slice was obtained.

[0097] The pretreated fresh continental shale sample slice is transferred into the sample chamber of a cryo-focused ion beam scanning electron microscope in a frozen state, and a focused ion beam is used to etch multiple two-dimensional fresh surfaces in a first area of ​​interest on the pretreated fresh continental shale sample slice at a first temperature.

[0098] Optionally, in the embodiment of the present invention, the value range of the first temperature may be -130°C to -170°C.

[0099] Preferably, in the embodiment of the present invention, the value of the first temperature may be -150°C.

[0100] A cryo-focused ion beam scanning electron microscope was used to obtain scanning electron microscope images of the fresh surface as a two-dimensional imaging characterization result, and an energy spectrometer equipped with the cryo-focused ion beam scanning electron microscope was used to obtain chemical composition data of the fresh surface as a two-dimensional imaging characterization result.

[0101] The pretreated fresh terrestrial shale sample slices are heated to a second temperature, and a scanning electron microscope is used to obtain a scanning electron microscope image of the fresh surface at the second temperature as a two-dimensional imaging characterization result, and an energy spectrometer equipped with the scanning electron microscope is used to obtain chemical composition data of the fresh surface again as a two-dimensional imaging characterization result.

[0102] Optionally, the first temperature in the embodiment of the present invention is the same as the normal temperature mentioned above, and the first temperature may be 25°C.

[0103] The embodiment of the present invention uses multi-dimensional data such as lithology, lithofacies, total organic carbon content and mineral combination of the aged continental shale samples to train the regional positioning model, and combines the lithology matching information of the fresh continental shale samples to determine the first regional positioning model corresponding to the fresh continental shale samples, so as to realize rapid and accurate identification of the first region of interest on the slice of the fresh continental shale sample, and uses a cryo-focused ion beam scanning electron microscope to perform high-resolution two-dimensional imaging of the first region of interest on the slice of the fresh continental shale sample, thereby overcoming the problem that the fresh continental shale samples are susceptible to environmental interference and cause microstructural distortion. When characterizing the fresh continental shale samples, not only the original pore-fracture network and organic matter occurrence state of the shale are completely preserved, but also the influence of the preservation conditions on the microscopic characteristics is revealed through cross-sample data correlation, and finally the characteristic characterization of at least one key dimension of the fresh continental shale samples is realized, which provides microscopic data support that is closer to the actual underground conditions for shale oil reservoir evaluation, and greatly improves the scientificity and reliability of exploration and development decisions.

[0104] As an optional embodiment, after obtaining an image of a fresh continental shale sample slice, the method further includes: determining a second region of interest positioning model corresponding to the fresh continental shale sample based on feature data of a first dimension of the fresh continental shale sample, wherein the second region of interest positioning model corresponding to the fresh continental shale sample is obtained through training based on feature data of a second dimension of the sampled continental shale sample and position information of the second region of interest on the sampled continental shale sample slice.

[0105] It should be noted that after obtaining each first-level stored terrestrial shale sample group and each second-level output value terrestrial shale sample group, for each first-level stored terrestrial shale sample group, the feature data of the second dimension of the stored terrestrial shale samples in the above-mentioned first-level stored terrestrial shale sample group can be used as training samples, and the position information of the second area of ​​interest on the stored terrestrial shale sample slices of the stored terrestrial shale samples in the above-mentioned first-level stored terrestrial shale sample group can be used as sample labels to train the second initial model to obtain the second area of ​​interest positioning model corresponding to the above-mentioned first-level stored terrestrial shale sample group.

[0106] For each secondary Chenzhi terrestrial shale sample group, the feature data of the second dimension of each Chenzhi terrestrial shale sample in the above secondary Chenzhi terrestrial shale sample group can be used as a training sample, and the position information of the second area of ​​interest on the Chenzhi terrestrial shale sample slice of each Chenzhi terrestrial shale sample in the above secondary Chenzhi terrestrial shale sample group can be used as a sample label to train the second initial model to obtain the second area of ​​interest positioning model corresponding to the above secondary Chenzhi terrestrial shale sample group.

[0107] It should be noted that the second initial model in the embodiment of the present invention can be constructed based on a supervised learning algorithm, such as a support vector machine (SVM), a random forest (RF) and an artificial neural network (ANN). The human initial model in the embodiment of the present invention can also be constructed based on a deep learning algorithm, such as a convolutional neural network (CNN) or a generative adversarial network (GANs).

[0108] After determining the aged terrestrial shale sample group corresponding to the fresh terrestrial shale sample, the second region of interest positioning model corresponding to the aged terrestrial shale sample group corresponding to the fresh terrestrial shale sample can be determined as the second region of interest positioning model corresponding to the fresh terrestrial shale sample group.

[0109] The image of the fresh continental shale sample slice is input into the second region of interest positioning model corresponding to the fresh continental shale sample, and the position information of the second region of interest on the fresh continental shale sample slice output by the second region of interest positioning model corresponding to the fresh continental shale sample is obtained.

[0110] Specifically, after determining the second region of interest positioning model corresponding to the fresh continental shale sample, the image of the fresh continental shale sample slice can be input into the second region of interest positioning model corresponding to the fresh continental shale sample. The second region of interest positioning corresponding to the fresh continental shale sample can extract key features such as porosity, pore morphology, mineral distribution, micro-crack characteristics and spatial structure characteristics in the image of the fresh continental shale sample slice, and then based on the above key features in the image of the fresh continental shale sample slice, the second region of interest can be determined in the image of the fresh continental shale sample slice, and then based on the mapping relationship between the image of the fresh continental shale sample slice and the fresh continental shale sample slice, the position information of the second region of interest on the fresh continental shale sample slice can be obtained and output.

[0111] Based on the position information of the second area of ​​interest on the fresh continental shale sample slice, the second area of ​​interest on the fresh continental shale sample slice is subjected to three-dimensional imaging characterization by using cryo-focused ion beam scanning electron microscope imaging technology in the second area of ​​interest on the fresh continental shale sample slice, and then the characteristic data of the third dimension of the fresh continental shale sample is obtained based on the three-dimensional imaging characterization result.

[0112] Specifically, after obtaining the position information of the second area of ​​interest on the fresh continental shale sample slice output by the first area positioning model corresponding to the fresh continental shale sample, three-dimensional imaging characterization can be performed in the second area of ​​interest of the fresh continental shale sample slice using cryo-focused ion beam scanning electron microscope imaging technology, and one or more three-dimensional imaging characterization results can be obtained. Furthermore, based on the above three-dimensional imaging characterization results, the feature data of the third dimension of the fresh continental shale sample can be obtained through numerical calculation, mathematical statistics, image processing, feature fusion and deep learning technology.

[0113] As an optional embodiment, based on the position information of the second region of interest on the fresh continental shale sample slice, a cryo-focused ion beam scanning electron microscope imaging technique is used in the second region of interest on the fresh continental shale sample slice to perform three-dimensional imaging characterization of the second region of interest on the fresh continental shale sample slice, including: using a focused ion beam to etch a cube of a target size in the second region of interest on the pretreated fresh continental shale sample slice at a first temperature.

[0114] It should be noted that the target size in the embodiment of the present invention may be determined based on prior knowledge and / or actual conditions. .

[0115] Figure 2 The scanning electron microscope image of the cube is obtained by etching the second region of interest on the slice of the fresh continental shale sample after pretreatment in the continental shale oil characteristic characterization method provided by the present invention. The cube of the target size is as follows Figure 2 shown.

[0116] The cube is sliced ​​with a preset thickness using a focused ion beam at a first temperature, a scanning electron microscope image of each cube slice is obtained using a cryo-focused ion beam scanning electron microscope, and the chemical composition data of each cube slice is obtained using an energy spectrometer equipped with the cryo-focused ion beam scanning electron microscope. The number of cube slices is a preset number.

[0117] Specifically, the cube is sliced ​​at a preset thickness at a first temperature, and each time a cube slice is obtained, a scanning electron microscope image of the cube slice is obtained using a cryo-focused ion beam scanning electron microscope, and chemical composition data of the cube slice is obtained using an energy spectrometer carried by the cryo-focused ion beam scanning electron microscope.

[0118] It should be noted that the preset thickness in the embodiment of the present invention may be determined based on prior knowledge and / or actual conditions. For example, the preset thickness may range from 5 to 100 mm. to 9 In the embodiment of the present invention, the specific value of the preset thickness is not limited.

[0119] Optionally, the value of the preset thickness can be 7 .

[0120] When the number of cube slices obtained by slicing reaches a preset number, slicing is terminated. The preset number may range from 600 to 800.

[0121] Optionally, the value of the above preset number may be 700.

[0122] It is understood that the size of the above cube slice is 9 ×6 .

[0123] Three-dimensional skeleton modeling is performed based on the scanning electron microscope images of each cube slice to obtain a three-dimensional skeleton model of the cube. A pore space structure is generated in the three-dimensional skeleton model of the cube based on the chemical composition data of each cube slice to obtain a three-dimensional model of the cube as a three-dimensional imaging characterization result.

[0124] Specifically, the scanning electron microscope images of each cube slice are imported into Avizo software to perform three-dimensional skeleton structure modeling, thereby obtaining a three-dimensional skeleton model of the above cube.

[0125] Based on the imaging grayscale difference and the chemical composition data of each cube slice, the threshold segmentation technology is used to distinguish and render the inorganic minerals, solid organic matter, liquid hydrocarbons and various types of pore space structures developed in situ in the shale in the three-dimensional skeleton model of the above cube, and the three-dimensional model of the above cube can be obtained as the three-dimensional imaging characterization result.

[0126] The embodiment of the present invention uses multi-dimensional data such as lithology, lithofacies, total organic carbon content and mineral combination of the aged continental shale samples to train the regional positioning model, and combines the lithology matching information of the fresh continental shale samples to determine the second region of interest positioning model corresponding to the fresh continental shale samples, so as to realize rapid and accurate identification of the second region of interest on the slice of the fresh continental shale sample, and uses a cryo-focused ion beam scanning electron microscope to perform three-dimensional tomographic imaging of the first region of interest on the slice of the fresh continental shale sample, which can break through the limitations of two-dimensional imaging characterization on information such as pore connectivity and fracture spatial distribution, and can retain the three-dimensional structural data of the fresh continental shale samples in the original state, and can better reveal the three-dimensional characteristics of nanopore distribution, fracture extension law and organic matter occurrence form in the fresh continental shale samples, and finally realize the characteristic characterization of at least one key dimension of the fresh continental shale samples, providing microscopic data support that is closer to the actual underground conditions for shale oil reservoir evaluation, and greatly improving the scientificity and reliability of exploration and development decisions.

[0127] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the continental shale oil characteristic characterization device provided by the present invention. Figure 3 The continental shale oil characteristic characterization device provided by the present invention is described. The continental shale oil characteristic characterization device described below and the continental shale oil characteristic characterization method provided by the present invention described above can be referred to each other. Figure 3 As shown, the device includes: a data acquisition module 301 and a feature characterization module 302.

[0128] The data acquisition module 301 is used to acquire characteristic data of the first dimension and the second dimension of the aged continental shale sample, and acquire characteristic data of the first dimension of the fresh continental shale sample; the aged continental shale sample is a continental shale sample obtained in the target underground area by the pressure-maintaining coring technology, and is placed in a normal temperature and pressure environment for preservation for more than a first preset time after being obtained; the fresh continental shale sample is a continental shale sample obtained in the target underground area by the pressure-maintaining coring technology, and is placed in a low-temperature environment for preservation for no more than a second preset time after being obtained, and the fresh continental shale sample is isolated from the air when stored in the low-temperature environment; the first dimension includes at least one of lithology type, lithofacies type and maturity; the second dimension includes at least one of total organic carbon content and / or mineral combination; The feature characterization module 302 is used to characterize the fresh continental shale samples based on the feature data of the first and second dimensions of the aged continental shale samples and the feature data of the first dimension of the fresh continental shale samples by using cryo-focused ion beam scanning electron microscope imaging technology to obtain the feature data of the third dimension of the fresh continental shale samples; the third dimension includes at least one of the occurrence characteristics, main controlling factors and effective oil storage space.

[0129] Specifically, the data acquisition module 301 and the feature characterization module 302 are electrically connected.

[0130] The device for characterizing continental shale oil in the embodiment of the present invention preserves the fresh continental shale samples obtained by the pressure-maintaining coring technology in a low-temperature environment and isolated from air before characterizing them, so as to maximize the maintenance of the physical and chemical properties of the fresh continental shale samples as close to their original states as possible, thereby improving the accuracy of subsequent characterization. The device can use the first-dimensional and second-dimensional characteristic data of the aged continental shale samples stored for a long time at room temperature to provide data guidance for characterizing the fresh continental shale samples. The high-resolution three-dimensional imaging technology of the cryo-focused ion beam scanning electron microscope can be used to achieve in-situ imaging characterization of the fresh continental shale samples. The device can more accurately obtain the occurrence characteristics, main controlling factors and characteristic data of at least one dimension of the effective oil storage space of the fresh continental shale, effectively breaking through the bottleneck of data distortion caused by sample deterioration in traditional characterization methods, providing a more accurate data basis for the exploration, development and production of shale oil, and having important guiding significance for the formulation of shale oil exploration and development plans.

[0131] Figure 4 An example of a physical structure diagram of an electronic device is shown in FIG. Figure 4 As shown, the electronic device may include: a processor 410, a communications interface 420, a memory 430 and a communications bus 440, wherein the processor 410, the communications interface 420 and the memory 430 communicate with each other through the communications bus 440. The processor 410 may call the logic instructions in the memory 430 to execute the method for characterizing the characteristics of continental shale oil, the method comprising: obtaining the characteristic data of the first dimension and the second dimension of the aged continental shale sample, and obtaining the characteristic data of the first dimension of the fresh continental shale sample; the aged continental shale sample is a continental shale sample obtained in the target underground area by the pressure-maintaining coring technology, and after the acquisition, it is placed in a normal temperature and pressure environment and stored for more than a first preset time; the fresh continental shale sample is a continental shale sample obtained in the target underground area by the pressure-maintaining coring technology, and after the acquisition, it is placed in a low temperature environment and stored for no more than a second preset time. The first dimension includes at least one of lithology type, lithofacies type and maturity; the second dimension includes at least one of total organic carbon content and / or mineral combination; based on the characteristic data of the first and second dimensions of the aged terrestrial shale samples and the characteristic data of the first dimension of the fresh terrestrial shale samples, the fresh terrestrial shale samples are characterized by using cryo-focused ion beam scanning electron microscope imaging technology to obtain the characteristic data of the third dimension of the fresh terrestrial shale samples; the third dimension includes at least one of the occurrence characteristics, main controlling factors and effective oil storage space.

[0132] In addition, the logic instructions in the above-mentioned memory 430 can be implemented in the form of a software functional unit and can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium when it is sold or used as an independent product. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art or the part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product, and the computer software product is stored in a storage medium, including a number of instructions for a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the method described in each embodiment of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (ROM, Read-Only Memory), random access memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), disk or optical disk, etc. Various media that can store program codes.

[0133] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a computer program product, which includes a computer program, which can be stored on a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the computer can execute the continental shale oil characteristic characterization method provided by the above methods, which method includes: obtaining characteristic data of the first dimension and the second dimension of the aged continental shale sample, and obtaining characteristic data of the first dimension of the fresh continental shale sample; the aged continental shale sample is obtained in the target underground area by the pressure-maintaining coring technology, and after the acquisition, the continental shale sample is placed in a normal temperature and pressure environment and preserved for more than a first preset time; the fresh continental shale sample is obtained by the pressure-maintaining coring technology in the target underground area The terrestrial shale samples are obtained within a certain period of time and stored in a low-temperature environment for no more than a second preset time after being obtained. The fresh terrestrial shale samples are isolated from the air when stored in the low-temperature environment; the first dimension includes at least one of lithology type, lithofacies type and maturity; the second dimension includes at least one of total organic carbon content and / or mineral combination; based on the characteristic data of the first and second dimensions of the aged terrestrial shale samples and the characteristic data of the first dimension of the fresh terrestrial shale samples, the fresh terrestrial shale samples are characterized by using cryo-focused ion beam scanning electron microscopy imaging technology to obtain the characteristic data of the third dimension of the fresh terrestrial shale samples; the third dimension includes at least one of the occurrence characteristics, main controlling factors and effective oil storage space.

[0134] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which is implemented when the computer program is executed by a processor to execute the continental shale oil characteristic characterization method provided by the above methods, the method comprising: obtaining characteristic data of the first dimension and the second dimension of an aged continental shale sample, and obtaining characteristic data of the first dimension of a fresh continental shale sample; the aged continental shale sample is a continental shale sample obtained in a target underground area by a pressure-maintaining coring technology, and after being obtained, it is placed in a normal temperature and pressure environment to be preserved for more than a first preset time; the fresh continental shale sample is a continental shale sample obtained in a target underground area by a pressure-maintaining coring technology, and after being obtained, it is placed in a normal temperature and pressure environment to be preserved for more than a first preset time; The terrestrial shale samples are stored in a low-temperature environment for no more than a second preset time, and the fresh terrestrial shale samples are isolated from the air when stored in the low-temperature environment; the first dimension includes at least one of lithology type, lithofacies type and maturity; the second dimension includes at least one of total organic carbon content and / or mineral combination; based on the characteristic data of the first and second dimensions of the aged terrestrial shale samples and the characteristic data of the first dimension of the fresh terrestrial shale samples, the fresh terrestrial shale samples are characterized by using cryo-focused ion beam scanning electron microscopy imaging technology to obtain the characteristic data of the third dimension of the fresh terrestrial shale samples; the third dimension includes at least one of the occurrence characteristics, main controlling factors and effective oil storage space.

[0135] The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative, wherein the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place, or they may be distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the scheme of this embodiment. Ordinary technicians in this field can understand and implement it without paying creative labor.

[0136] Through the description of the above implementation methods, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that each implementation method can be implemented by means of software plus a necessary general hardware platform, and of course, can also be implemented by hardware. Based on this understanding, the above technical solution is essentially or the part that contributes to the prior art can be embodied in the form of a software product, and the computer software product can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, such as ROM / RAM, a disk, an optical disk, etc., including a number of instructions for a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in each embodiment or some parts of the embodiments.

[0137] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for characterizing continental shale oil, characterized in that: include: Acquire characteristic data of the first dimension and the second dimension of the aged continental shale sample, and acquire characteristic data of the first dimension of the fresh continental shale sample; The aged continental shale sample is a continental shale sample obtained in the target underground area by the pressure-maintaining coring technology, and is placed in a normal temperature and pressure environment for preservation for more than a first preset time after being obtained; the fresh continental shale sample is a continental shale sample obtained in the target underground area by the pressure-maintaining coring technology, and is placed in a low-temperature environment for preservation for no more than a second preset time after being obtained, and the fresh continental shale sample is isolated from the air when stored in the low-temperature environment; the first dimension includes at least one of lithology type, lithofacies type and maturity; the second dimension includes at least one of total organic carbon content and / or mineral combination; Based on the characteristic data of the first and second dimensions of the aged continental shale samples and the characteristic data of the first dimension of the fresh continental shale samples, the fresh continental shale samples are characterized by using cryo-focused ion beam scanning electron microscope imaging technology to obtain characteristic data of the third dimension of the fresh continental shale samples; the third dimension includes at least one of occurrence characteristics, main controlling factors and effective oil storage space.

2. The method for characterizing continental shale oil according to claim 1, characterized in that: Based on the characteristic data of the first dimension and the second dimension of the aged continental shale sample and the characteristic data of the first dimension of the fresh continental shale sample, the characteristic data of the third dimension of the fresh continental shale sample is characterized by using a cryo-focused ion beam scanning electron microscope imaging technology to obtain: Taking part of the fresh continental shale samples for slicing, obtaining fresh continental shale sample slices, and obtaining images of the fresh continental shale sample slices; Based on the feature data of the first dimension of the fresh continental shale sample, a first regional positioning model corresponding to the fresh continental shale sample is determined, the first regional positioning model corresponding to the fresh continental shale sample is obtained after training based on the feature data of the second dimension of the sample stored continental shale sample and the position information of the first area of ​​interest on the slice of the sample stored continental shale sample, the feature data of the first dimension of the sample stored continental shale sample matches the feature data of the first dimension of the fresh continental shale sample, the stored continental shale sample includes the sample stored continental shale sample, and the slice of the sample stored continental shale sample is obtained by slicing part of the sample stored continental shale sample; Inputting the image of the fresh continental shale sample slice into the first region positioning model corresponding to the fresh continental shale sample, and obtaining the position information of the first region of interest on the fresh continental shale sample slice output by the first region positioning model corresponding to the fresh continental shale sample; Based on the position information of the first area of ​​interest on the fresh continental shale sample slice, two-dimensional imaging characterization is performed in the first area of ​​interest on the fresh continental shale sample slice using cryo-focused ion beam scanning electron microscope imaging technology, and then the characteristic data of the third dimension of the fresh continental shale sample is acquired based on the two-dimensional imaging characterization result.

3. The method for characterizing continental shale oil according to claim 2, characterized in that: After obtaining the image of the fresh continental shale sample slice, the method further includes: Based on the feature data of the first dimension of the fresh continental shale sample, a second region of interest positioning model corresponding to the fresh continental shale sample is determined, wherein the second region of interest positioning model corresponding to the fresh continental shale sample is obtained after training based on the feature data of the second dimension of the sampled continental shale sample and the position information of the second region of interest on the slice of the sampled continental shale sample; Inputting the image of the fresh continental shale sample slice into a second region of interest positioning model corresponding to the fresh continental shale sample, and obtaining the position information of the second region of interest on the fresh continental shale sample slice output by the second region of interest positioning model corresponding to the fresh continental shale sample; Based on the position information of the second area of ​​interest on the fresh continental shale sample slice, the second area of ​​interest on the fresh continental shale sample slice is subjected to three-dimensional imaging characterization using cryo-focused ion beam scanning electron microscope imaging technology in the second area of ​​interest on the fresh continental shale sample slice, and then the characteristic data of the third dimension of the fresh continental shale sample is acquired based on the three-dimensional imaging characterization result.

4. The method for characterizing continental shale oil according to claim 3, characterized in that: Based on the position information of the first region of interest on the fresh continental shale sample slice, two-dimensional imaging characterization is performed in the first region of interest on the fresh continental shale sample slice using a cryo-focused ion beam scanning electron microscope imaging technique, including: Pre-treating the fresh continental shale sample slice to obtain a pre-treated fresh continental shale sample slice; Transferring the pretreated fresh continental shale sample slice into a sample chamber of a cryo-focused ion beam scanning electron microscope in a frozen state, and etching a plurality of two-dimensional fresh surfaces in the first region of interest on the pretreated fresh continental shale sample slice using a focused ion beam at a first temperature; Using the cryo-focused ion beam scanning electron microscope to obtain a scanning electron microscope image of the fresh surface as the two-dimensional imaging characterization result, and using an energy spectrometer carried by the cryo-focused ion beam scanning electron microscope to obtain chemical composition data of the fresh surface as the two-dimensional imaging characterization result; The pretreated fresh terrestrial shale sample slices are heated to a second temperature, and a scanning electron microscope is used to obtain a scanning electron microscope image of the fresh surface again at the second temperature as the two-dimensional imaging characterization result, and an energy spectrometer carried by the scanning electron microscope is used to obtain chemical composition data of the fresh surface again as the two-dimensional imaging characterization result.

5. The method for characterizing continental shale oil according to claim 4, characterized in that: Based on the position information of the second region of interest on the fresh continental shale sample slice, using a cryo-focused ion beam scanning electron microscope imaging technique in the second region of interest on the fresh continental shale sample slice to perform three-dimensional imaging characterization on the second region of interest on the fresh continental shale sample slice, comprising: At the first temperature, a cube of a target size is obtained by etching in the second region of interest on the pretreated fresh continental shale sample slice using a focused ion beam; Slicing the cube with a preset thickness using a focused ion beam at the first temperature, obtaining a scanning electron microscope image of each cube slice using the cryo-focused ion beam scanning electron microscope, and obtaining chemical composition data of each cube slice using an energy spectrometer carried by the cryo-focused ion beam scanning electron microscope, wherein the number of each cube slice is a preset number; Three-dimensional skeleton modeling is performed based on the scanning electron microscope images of each of the cube slices to obtain a three-dimensional skeleton model of the cube. A pore space structure is generated in the three-dimensional skeleton model of the cube based on the chemical composition data of each of the cube slices to obtain a three-dimensional model of the cube as the three-dimensional imaging characterization result.

6. The method for characterizing continental shale oil according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The fresh continental shale sample is obtained by the following steps: after the continental shale sample is obtained from the target underground area by using the pressure-maintaining coring technology, a protective layer for isolating air is coated on the surface of the continental shale sample; After the surface of the continental shale sample is coated with the protective layer, the continental shale sample coated with the protective layer is stored in dry ice; When the storage time of the continental shale sample coated with the protective layer in dry ice does not exceed the second preset time, the continental shale sample is determined as the fresh continental shale sample.

7. A device for characterizing continental shale oil, characterized in that: include: A data acquisition module, used to acquire characteristic data of a first dimension and a second dimension of an aged continental shale sample, and to acquire characteristic data of the first dimension of a fresh continental shale sample; the aged continental shale sample is a continental shale sample obtained in a target underground area by a pressure-maintaining coring technology, and is placed in a normal temperature and pressure environment for preservation for a first preset time after being obtained; the fresh continental shale sample is a continental shale sample obtained in the target underground area by a pressure-maintaining coring technology, and is placed in a low-temperature environment for preservation for a second preset time after being obtained, and the fresh continental shale sample is isolated from air when stored in the low-temperature environment; the first dimension includes at least one of lithology type, lithofacies type and maturity; the second dimension includes at least one of total organic carbon content and / or mineral combination; A feature characterization module is used to characterize the fresh continental shale sample based on the feature data of the first dimension and the second dimension of the aged continental shale sample and the feature data of the first dimension of the fresh continental shale sample by using cryo-focused ion beam scanning electron microscope imaging technology to obtain the feature data of the third dimension of the fresh continental shale sample; the third dimension includes at least one of the occurrence characteristics, main controlling factors and effective oil storage space.

8. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein: When the processor executes the computer program, the method for characterizing the characteristics of continental shale oil as described in any one of claims 1 to 6 is implemented.

9. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, the method for characterizing the characteristics of continental shale oil as described in any one of claims 1 to 6 is implemented.

10. A computer program product, comprising a computer program, characterized in that When the computer program is executed by a processor, the method for characterizing the characteristics of continental shale oil as described in any one of claims 1 to 6 is implemented.

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