Sub-pixel regulation and control three-dimensional light field display system based on array optical waveguide

Abstract

The invention discloses a sub-pixel regulation and control three-dimensional light field display system based on an array optical waveguide, which relates to the technical field of three-dimensional light field display and comprises a waveguide layer and a light control layer from inside to outside. The light control layer comprises a plurality of microstructures; the waveguide layer is used for limiting light propagation in the waveguide layer; wherein light enters from at least one side of the waveguide layer and enters the microstructure from the contact position of the waveguide layer and the microstructure; the micro-structure is used for enabling light entering the micro-structure to be totally reflected outwards on the inner wall of the micro-structure to generate a light converging effect, so that the light is converged outside the surface of the micro-structure to form a point light source or a line light source, and the point light source or the line light source is emitted to the display panel to realize three-dimensional light field display; or the light entering the micro-structure is directly irradiated to the display panel, so that an annular, arc-shaped or strip-shaped light-emitting area is formed outside the surface of the micro-structure, and three-dimensional light field display is realized. According to the invention, the definition of the three-dimensional display equipment is greatly improved; meanwhile, the light control effect can be adjusted by adjusting the microstructures, and the display device can adapt to different display scenes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of three-dimensional light field display, and in particular to a sub-pixel controlled three-dimensional light field display system based on array optical waveguides. Background Art

[0002] 3D light field display technology is an advanced display technology that can provide spatial depth information of objects, which brings users a more realistic and immersive experience. This technology can reconstruct the real light field distribution of 3D scenes and achieve 3D display effects with full parallax, true color and correct depth information. It is considered to be one of the most promising 3D display technologies.

[0003] The working principle of existing 3D light field display technology is as follows: 1. Light field acquisition: First, the direction and intensity of each light in the scene are captured through a sensor array or lens array. These lights carry color (wavelength), direction and intensity information, forming a light field.

[0004] 2. Light field processing: The captured light field information is converted into a two-dimensional light field map, which contains all the information when observing the object from each position and direction. The computer extracts the corresponding light from the light field map according to the user's viewpoint position and direction.

[0005] 3. Light field presentation: The extracted light is focused to the corresponding viewpoint through the lens array to generate the corresponding image. Due to the effect of the lens array, each eye can see a different image, thus achieving the naked eye 3D effect.

[0006] Because the existing three-dimensional light field display technology presents the light field by first lighting up all the display panels and then using the lenticular structure to refract and deflect the light to project the information to the corresponding position, it is difficult for the existing technology to perform sub-pixel control, resulting in a less than ideal display effect.

[0007] In addition, the existing technology uses lenses to converge to form a light source, which requires a direct-down collimated light source. The point light source or line light source formed by the convergence is formed on the focal plane. Such a structure is inherently thicker, and the current collimated light source with better collimation is also very large in size. If a part of the collimation is sacrificed to reduce the volume of the structure, the spot size of the point light source or line light source formed will increase. Summary of the invention

[0008] In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a sub-pixel controlled three-dimensional light field display system based on array optical waveguide, which solves the problem that the light field presentation effect of the existing three-dimensional light field display technology is difficult to be sub-pixel controlled, resulting in poor display effect.

[0009] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: Provided is a sub-pixel controlled three-dimensional light field display system based on an array optical waveguide, which includes a waveguide layer and a light control layer from inside to outside; the light control layer includes a plurality of microstructures; A waveguide layer, used to limit the propagation of light inside the waveguide layer; wherein the light enters from at least one side of the waveguide layer and enters the microstructure from the contact position between the waveguide layer and the microstructure; The microstructure is used to make the light entering it totally reflect outward from its inner wall, produce a convergence effect on the light, and then converge to form a point light source or a line light source outside the surface of the microstructure and emit it to the display panel, thereby realizing a three-dimensional light field display; or make the light entering it directly hit the display panel, thereby forming a ring-shaped, arc-shaped or strip-shaped luminous area outside the surface of the microstructure, thereby realizing a three-dimensional light field display.

[0010] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the system controls the emission of sub-pixels through the waveguide layer and microstructure, thereby realizing sub-pixel light control. When viewing the screen at the viewing position, the size of the area seen in each light-controlled area will be smaller than the sub-pixel, greatly improving the clarity of the three-dimensional display device; at the same time, the light control effect can be adjusted by adjusting the microstructure, and it can be adapted to different display scenes. In addition, the system can further reduce the size of point and line light sources by using the cooperation of the waveguide layer and the microstructure through the side light input, which is smaller than the existing point and line light sources that directly emit light, and the uniformity of the light can be optimized.

[0011] Furthermore, the microstructure is adhered to the waveguide layer via an adhesive layer; the adhesive layer uses OCA adhesive with a thickness less than or equal to 50 μm.

[0012] Furthermore, the light-controlling layer also includes a substrate, which is arranged outside the microstructure, and an air gap is arranged between the substrate and the adhesive layer; light entering the substrate from the microstructure escapes from the surface of the substrate.

[0013] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further solution is that the OCA glue with a thickness of less than or equal to 50 μm can reduce the space occupation of the display system and cooperate with the substrate to fix the position of the microstructure, thereby improving the stability of the display system. In addition, the air interruption setting can prevent the light entering the waveguide layer from escaping directly from the place where the waveguide layer is not in contact with the microstructure, which is conducive to ensuring the brightness of the light source.

[0014] Furthermore, the light source providing light for the waveguide layer is an LED lamp bead, and the light output angle of a single LED lamp bead is greater than or equal to 120°; the waveguide layer uses a light-transmitting material with a refractive index greater than or equal to 1.5.

[0015] The beneficial effects of adopting the above further scheme are: the light output angle of a single LED lamp bead is greater than or equal to 120° and the waveguide layer uses a light-transmitting material with a refractive index greater than or equal to 1.5, so that the maximum angle of light propagating in the waveguide layer is equal to the critical angle of total reflection, limiting the propagation of light inside it.

[0016] Furthermore, one side of the microstructure away from the waveguide layer is a plane, the microstructure is strip-shaped, the cross-sectional profile of the microstructure is a parabola, a quasi-parabola, a circle or an ellipse, and the aspect ratio of a single microstructure is less than 0.5, so that light entering the microstructure directly exits the microstructure and forms a strip-shaped luminous area on the outer surface of the microstructure; when light enters from one side of the waveguide layer, a strip-shaped luminous area is formed on the outer surface of the microstructure; when light enters from the left and right sides of the waveguide layer, two strip-shaped luminous areas are formed on the outer surface of the microstructure, and the light beams emitted by the two strip-shaped luminous areas form a large-angle strip-shaped light beam with the corresponding microstructure.

[0017] Furthermore, when light enters from the left and right sides of the waveguide layer and the adjacent microstructures are staggered to control the light, the maximum angle between the large-angle ribbon beam generated by a single microstructure and the normal line of the light control layer is The constraint relationship between the large-angle ribbon beam generated by a single microstructure and the minimum angle between the normal line of the light-control layer The constraint relationship between the two adjacent microstructures They are:

[0018]

[0019]

[0020] in Controlling the width of an area on a display panel for a beam of light generated by the microstructure; is the distance between the display panel and the light control layer; is the inverse tangent function; when , When all the light beams emitted from the microstructures in the light control layer light up all the display units of the display panel without interfering with each other; When light enters from the left and right sides of the waveguide layer and avoids interlaced light control by adjacent microstructures, the maximum angle between the large-angle ribbon beam generated by a single microstructure and the normal of the light control layer The constraint relationship between the large-angle ribbon beam generated by a single microstructure and the minimum angle between the normal line of the light-control layer The constraint relationship between the two adjacent microstructures They are:

[0021]

[0022]

[0023] in is the tangent function; when , , When the light beams emitted from the microstructures in the light-controlling layer light up the corresponding display units of the display panel in an adjacent manner without interfering with each other.

[0024] The beneficial effects of adopting the above further scheme are as follows: the light entering the light control layer from the waveguide layer is not blocked by the side wall of the microstructure after entering the microstructure, and is directly emitted from the surface at a large angle through the inside of the microstructure, so that a ring-shaped, arc-shaped or strip-shaped luminous area can be formed outside the surface of the microstructure to meet different three-dimensional light field display requirements; and the pattern of the luminous area formed by a single microstructure is not affected by the volume size of the microstructure, but only by the surface design of the microstructure itself and the contact area between the microstructure and the adhesive layer (the contact area between the microstructure and the adhesive layer can be considered as the size of the coupling area. The larger the area of ​​the coupling area, the more light enters the microstructure, and the larger the beam width is), which simplifies the design of the microstructure. At the same time, through a special constraint relationship, it is possible to divide the display unit on the display panel into multiple display sub-areas with the same shape as the luminous area, so that each display sub-area can display a certain amount of image information and corresponds to a unique large-angle strip beam, and each display sub-area does not overlap with each other. In each display sub-area, according to the construction principle of spatial voxels, the image information is arranged, and the image information at different positions in the display sub-area is projected at different positions in the space using the large-angle light beam emitted by the display system, so that each spatial position simultaneously receives part of the image information in multiple display sub-areas. At this time, the correct spatial voxel information can be constructed at each spatial position where the light beam arrives, thereby forming a correct three-dimensional image that can be viewed by the human eye. The self-light control effect and light control ability of the microstructure are not limited by the size of the volume, but only by the surface shape, so it has the characteristic of being able to flexibly adjust the light control position. The distance between the microstructures and the light control ability of a single microstructure can be designed and processed on the same substrate according to the actual light control needs, and the arrangement positions of these microstructures on the substrate can be flexibly adjusted. For display areas with large spatial information requirements, microstructures with a large light control range can be used, and the distance between other surrounding microstructures and the microstructures can be increased, so that the light beam emitted by the microstructure can cover a larger display panel area, carry more light field information displayed by the display panel, and provide sufficient information for constructing complex voxels.

[0025] Furthermore, a side of the microstructure away from the waveguide layer is a plane, a side of the microstructure facing the waveguide layer is a parabola, a quasi-parabola, a spherical surface or an ellipsoidal surface, and the aspect ratio of a single microstructure is less than 0.5; when light enters from one side of the waveguide layer, the light entering the microstructure is directly emitted from the microstructure and forms an arc-shaped luminous area on the outer surface of the microstructure; when light enters from the left and right sides of the waveguide layer, a ring-shaped luminous area is formed on the outer surface of the microstructure.

[0026] Furthermore, when light enters from the left and right sides of the waveguide layer and avoids interlaced light control by adjacent microstructures, the maximum angle between the annular light-emitting area generated by a single microstructure and the normal line of the light control layer is The constraint relationship between the annular luminous area generated by a single microstructure and the minimum angle between the normal line of the light-control layer The constraint relationship between the two adjacent microstructures They are:

[0027]

[0028]

[0029] in is the difference between the outer diameter and the inner diameter of the annular luminous area; is the distance between the display panel and the light control layer; is the tangent function, is the inverse tangent function; when , , When the light is on, the annular light-emitting areas generated by all the microstructures in the light-controlling layer light up the corresponding display units of the display panel without interfering with each other.

[0030] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further scheme is that the annular luminous area generated by the display system can be used in a 360° sand table display system for multiple people to watch, and the display device can be placed flat on the desktop or the ground, and the viewers can watch the correct three-dimensional display image around the display. At the same time, through a special constraint relationship, it is possible to divide the display unit on the display panel into multiple display sub-areas with the same shape as the luminous area, so that each display sub-area can display a certain amount of image information and corresponds to a unique large-angle ribbon light beam, and each display sub-area does not overlap. In each display sub-area, according to the construction principle of spatial voxels, the image information is arranged, and the large-angle light beam emitted by the display system is used to project the image information at different positions in the display sub-area at different positions in the space, so that each spatial position simultaneously receives part of the image information in multiple display sub-areas. At this time, at each spatial position where the light beam arrives, the correct spatial voxel information can be constructed, thereby forming a correct three-dimensional image that can be viewed by the human eye. The self-light control effect and light control ability of the microstructure are not limited by the size of the volume, but only affected by the surface shape, so it has the characteristic of being able to flexibly adjust the light control position. The distance between microstructures and the light control capability of a single microstructure can be adjusted based on actual light control requirements. On the same substrate, a variety of microstructures with different surface parameters can be designed and processed as needed, and the arrangement of these microstructures on the substrate can be flexibly adjusted. For display areas with large spatial information requirements, microstructures with a larger light control range can be used, and the distance between other surrounding microstructures and the microstructure can be increased, so that the light beam emitted by the microstructure can cover a larger display panel area, carry more light field information displayed by the display panel, and provide sufficient information for constructing complex voxels.

[0031] Furthermore, one side of the microstructure away from the waveguide layer is a plane, the microstructure is point-shaped or strip-shaped, the cross-sectional profile of the microstructure is a parabola, a quasi-parabola, a circle or an ellipse, and the aspect ratio of a single microstructure is greater than 0.5, so that the light entering the microstructure is totally reflected outwardly by its inner wall, resulting in a converging effect on the light, forming a point light source or a line light source on the outer surface of the microstructure.

[0032] Furthermore, when light enters from the left and right sides of the waveguide layer, a single microstructure controls the area on the display panel. for:

[0033] in is the distance between the display panel and the light control layer; is the distance between the side of the microstructure away from the waveguide layer and the light source formed by convergence; is the tangent function; The maximum angle between the light emitted by the converged light source and the normal line of the light control layer; When the arrangement distance between two adjacent microstructures satisfies When , the display panel is fully illuminated; When the arrangement distance between two adjacent microstructures satisfies When the display panel is partially lit, the repeatedly lit area is prohibited from displaying any content; When the arrangement distance between two adjacent microstructures satisfies When the display panel is partially illuminated; in and The area range on the display panel is controlled respectively for two adjacent microstructures.

[0034] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further scheme is: the light entering the microstructure is totally reflected at the edge of the inner wall of the microstructure, and is affected by the light control effect of the microstructure, resulting in a convergence effect, emitting from the surface of the microstructure, and converging outside the surface of the microstructure to form point and line light sources. The size of the luminous area generated by a single microstructure is not affected by the volume of the microstructure, but only by the surface shape of the microstructure, thereby meeting the requirements of high-quality three-dimensional display for the luminous area. Since the light control effect and light control ability of the microstructure itself are not limited by the volume size, but only by the surface shape, the microstructure has the characteristic of being able to be flexibly arranged. According to the actual light control needs, on the same substrate, a variety of microstructures with different surface parameters can be designed and processed as needed, and the arrangement positions of these microstructures in the substrate layer can be flexibly adjusted. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the three-dimensional light field display system; Figure 2 Schematic diagram of setting microstructures of different structures on the surface of the same substrate; Figure 3 A schematic diagram showing the generation of a strip-shaped luminous area and a ring-shaped luminous area on the same substrate surface; Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the generation of a large-angle ribbon beam; Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the light effect when light enters from the left and right sides of the waveguide layer and adjacent microstructures are staggered to control light; Figure 6 Schematic diagram of light effect when light enters from the left and right sides of the waveguide layer and avoids interlaced light control of adjacent microstructures; Figure 7 It is a coding schematic diagram of staggered light control; Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of coding without interleaving; Fig. 9 Construct a schematic diagram for the spatial voxels; Fig.10 Schematic diagram of the light beam propagation path in Embodiment 4; Fig.11 This is a schematic diagram of the light effect of the backlight structure of category 1 in the fourth embodiment; Fig.12 This is a schematic diagram of the light effect of the backlight structure when the distance between the display panel and the light control layer is appropriate in the category 2 of the fourth embodiment; Fig.13 A schematic diagram of the light effect of the backlight structure when the display panel and the light control layer are far apart in the second category of the fourth embodiment; Fig.14 A schematic diagram of the light effect of the backlight structure when the display panel and the light control layer are relatively close in Category 2 of Embodiment 4; Fig.15 A schematic diagram of a system in which coding regions are closely arranged in Example 4; Fig.16 This is a schematic diagram of a system in which the coding area in Example 4 has a black portion; Fig.17 This is a schematic diagram of a system with different sizes of encoding regions in Example 4.

[0036] Among them: 1. Waveguide layer; 2. Adhesive layer; 3. Microstructure; 4. Substrate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The specific implementation modes of the present invention are described below so that those skilled in the art can understand the present invention. However, it should be clear that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the specific implementation modes. For those of ordinary skill in the art, as long as various changes are within the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined and determined by the attached claims, these changes are obvious, and all inventions and creations utilizing the concept of the present invention are protected.

[0038] Embodiment 1: like Figure 1 As shown, the sub-pixel controlled three-dimensional light field display system based on array optical waveguide includes a waveguide layer 1 and a light control layer from inside to outside; the light control layer includes a plurality of microstructures 3; The waveguide layer 1 is used to limit the propagation of light inside the waveguide layer 1; wherein the light enters from at least one side of the waveguide layer 1 and enters the microstructure 3 from the contact position between the waveguide layer 1 and the microstructure 3; The microstructure 3 is used to make the light entering it totally reflect outward at its inner wall, produce a convergence effect on the light, and then converge to form a point light source or a line light source outside the surface of the microstructure 3 and emit it to the display panel, so as to realize a three-dimensional light field display; or make the light entering it directly hit the display panel, and then form a ring-shaped, arc-shaped or strip-shaped luminous area outside the surface of the microstructure 3, so as to realize a three-dimensional light field display.

[0039] In this embodiment, the microstructure 3 is adhered to the waveguide layer 1 through the adhesive layer 2; the adhesive layer 2 uses OCA adhesive with a thickness of less than or equal to 50μm, and the light control layer also includes a substrate 4, which is arranged on the outside of the microstructure 3, and an air gap is arranged between the substrate 4 and the adhesive layer 2; the light entering the substrate 4 from the microstructure 3 escapes from the surface of the substrate 4. The light source that provides light for the waveguide layer 1 is an LED lamp bead, and the light output angle of a single LED lamp bead is greater than or equal to 120° (that is, the divergence angle is greater than or equal to 60°), and the thickness of the LED lamp bead should be thinner than the thickness of the waveguide layer 1.

[0040] The refractive index of the material determines the total reflection angle of light propagating in the material. Suppose the divergence angle of the lamp bead beam is , at this time the light angle is , the refractive index of the waveguide material is , then the critical angle of total reflection of the waveguide material is , which should satisfy In this embodiment, the waveguide layer 1 uses a light-transmitting material with a refractive index greater than or equal to 1.5. However, it should be noted that the light emission angle of a single LED lamp bead is greater than or equal to 120°, and the waveguide layer 1 uses a light-transmitting material with a refractive index greater than or equal to 1.5. This is to improve the uniformity of the brightness of the light source formed by coupling at all angles and ensure the backlight structure effect. Even if the corresponding parameters are not within this range, three-dimensional display can still be achieved.

[0041] This system controls the sub-pixel part to emit light through the waveguide layer 1 and the microstructure 3, thereby realizing sub-pixel light control. When watching the screen at the viewing position, the area seen in each light-controlled area will be smaller than the sub-pixel, greatly improving the clarity of the three-dimensional display device; at the same time, the light control effect can be adjusted by adjusting the microstructure 3, which can be adapted to different display scenes. In addition, this system can further reduce the size of point and line light sources by using the side light input method and the cooperation of the waveguide layer 1 and the microstructure 3, which is smaller than the existing point and line light sources that directly emit light, and the uniformity of the light can be optimized.

[0042] When pasting, the waveguide layer 1, the adhesive layer 2, and the light control layer are sequentially pasted and connected by extrusion. When the two optical structures are pasted, the microstructure 3 in the light control layer is pasted and connected to the waveguide layer 1 through the adhesive layer 2, and the substrate 4 is not in contact with the adhesive layer 2. In this embodiment, the microstructure 3 is processed on the substrate 4, which is higher than the substrate 4, so a structure with air discontinuity can be formed between the waveguide layer 1 and the light control layer. In this structure, light can pass through the area where the microstructure 3 is pasted to the waveguide layer 1, enter the microstructure 3 from the waveguide layer 1, and then enter the substrate 4, escaping from the surface of the base; while in the air discontinuity area where the waveguide layer 1 is not pasted and contacted with the light control layer, the light in the waveguide layer 1 will be totally reflected back into the waveguide layer 1.

[0043] In the light control layer, the microstructures 3 are discontinuous and are not connected to each other. A single microstructure 3 has a flat and smooth surface that fits tightly with the substrate 4. Except for the flat and smooth surface, the remaining surfaces of the microstructure 3 are optically designed for the characteristics of the system.

[0044] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment, microstructures 3 of different structures can be provided on the surface of the same substrate 4, so that the same three-dimensional light field display system has display areas (light sources) of different shapes.

[0045] Embodiment 2: This embodiment is a further extension of the first embodiment. Specifically, the side of the microstructure 3 away from the waveguide layer 1 is a plane, the microstructure 3 is strip-shaped, the cross-sectional profile of the microstructure 3 is a parabola, a quasi-parabola, a circle or an ellipse, and the aspect ratio of a single microstructure 3 is less than 0.5, so that light entering the microstructure 3 is directly emitted from the microstructure 3 and a strip-shaped light-emitting area is formed on the outer surface of the microstructure 3; Figure 4 As shown, when light enters from one side of the waveguide layer 1, a strip-shaped luminous area is formed on the outer surface of the microstructure 3; when light enters from the left and right sides of the waveguide layer 1, two strip-shaped luminous areas are formed on the outer surface of the microstructure 3, and the light beams emitted by the two strip-shaped luminous areas form large-angle strip-shaped light beams with the corresponding microstructure 3.

[0046] When light enters from the left and right sides of the waveguide layer 1 and the adjacent microstructures 3 are staggered to control the light, the maximum angle between the large-angle ribbon beam generated by a single microstructure 3 and the normal line of the light control layer is The constraint relationship between the large-angle ribbon beam generated by a single microstructure 3 and the minimum angle between the normal line of the light-control layer The constraint relationship between the adjacent microstructures 3 and the arrangement distance between the adjacent microstructures 3 They are:

[0047]

[0048]

[0049] in A beam of light generated by the microstructure 3 controls the width of an area on the display panel; is the distance between the display panel and the light control layer; is the inverse tangent function; when , When all the light beams emitted from the microstructures 3 in the light-controlling layer light up all the display units of the display panel without interfering with each other; When light enters from the left and right sides of the waveguide layer 1 and avoids the interlaced light control of adjacent microstructures 3, the maximum angle between the large-angle ribbon beam generated by a single microstructure 3 and the normal line of the light control layer is The constraint relationship between the large-angle ribbon beam generated by a single microstructure 3 and the minimum angle between the normal line of the light-control layer The constraint relationship between the adjacent microstructures 3 and the arrangement distance between the adjacent microstructures 3 They are:

[0050]

[0051]

[0052] in is the tangent function; when , , When all the light beams emitted from the microstructures 3 in the light-controlling layer light up the corresponding display units of the display panel in an adjacent manner without interfering with each other.

[0053] In this embodiment, the curvature of the surface of the microstructure 3 determines the angle of the light beam after entering the microstructure 3 and undergoing total reflection. Therefore, when the surface of the microstructure 3 remains unchanged, that is, when the curvature does not change, the angle of the light beam after passing through the microstructure 3 will not change. Since the refractive index of the adhesive layer 2 is similar to that of the optical waveguide, the contact area between the microstructure 3 and the adhesive layer 2 can be considered as the size of the coupling area. The larger the area of ​​the coupling area, the more light enters the microstructure 3, and the larger the width of the light beam. When the side wall of the microstructure 3 does not block the maximum angle light beam coupled out by the waveguide layer 1, the total reflection of the side wall of the microstructure 3 is avoided. Therefore, the total reflection of the light beam at the side wall of the microstructure 3 can be avoided mainly by limiting the height of the microstructure 3 and combining the adjustment of the curvature to reduce the bending degree of the side wall of the microstructure 3.

[0054] Through the above-mentioned special constraint relationship, it is possible to divide the display unit on the display panel into multiple display sub-areas with the same shape as the light-emitting area, so that each display sub-area can display a certain amount of image information and corresponds to a unique large-angle strip light beam, and each display sub-area does not overlap with each other. In each display sub-area, the image information is arranged according to the construction principle of spatial voxels, and the image information at different positions in the display sub-area is projected onto different positions in space using the large-angle light beam emitted by this display system, so that each spatial position can simultaneously receive part of the image information from multiple display sub-areas. At this time, if Fig. 9 As shown, at each spatial position where the light beam reaches, correct spatial voxel information can be constructed, thereby forming a correct three-dimensional image that can be viewed by the human eye.

[0055] In this embodiment, for a possible structure, the thickness of the waveguide layer 1 is , the thickness of adhesive layer 2 is , the height of microstructure 3 is , the width is , satisfying the requirement that the aspect ratio of the microstructure 3 is less than 0.5. At this time, after surface optimization, the angle between the surface and the normal line of the light control layer is to The microstructure 3 is formed by a large-angle strip light source array. The display panel is arranged periodically on the substrate 4 and is placed at a distance of At the position of The illuminated area, and in this case, satisfies , , conditions, such as Figure 5 As shown, there is no situation where the same display unit on the display panel is illuminated by the light beams emitted by two microstructures 3. At this time, the coding sub-areas are closely arranged with a width of If the display unit width is , then in the width direction of each coding sub-region, spatial information in 50 directions can be encoded.

[0056] according to Figure 5 The backlight effects shown can be adjusted in each encodable area on the display panel. Figure 7 The scheme shown is used for encoding. Figure 7 As shown, the display units in area B1 are Figure 5 The light beam emitted to the left by microstructure B is lit, and the display units in area B2 are Figure 5 The light beam emitted by the microstructure B to the right is lit, and the display units in the middle of the two areas are Figure 5 The light beam emitted by microstructure A to the right and the light beam emitted by microstructure C to the left are lit. This arrangement can fully utilize all the display units in the display panel. In order to achieve a better display effect, it is preferred to adopt a solution in which the display units in the same column of two adjacent rows are lit by light beams in different directions, such as Figure 7 In the example shown in , between the first row and the second row, the first three columns of light control units in the first row are illuminated by the leftward beam, and the first three columns of light control units in the second row are illuminated by the rightward beam. This arrangement can further reduce the information crosstalk caused by the backlight.

[0057] In this embodiment, for a possible structure, the thickness of the waveguide layer 1 is , the thickness of adhesive layer 2 is , the height of microstructure 3 is , the width is , satisfying the requirement that the aspect ratio of the microstructure 3 is less than 0.5. At this time, after surface optimization, the angle between the surface and the normal line of the light control layer is to The microstructure 3 is formed by a large-angle strip light source array. The display panel is arranged periodically on the substrate 4 of the light control layer, and the display panel is placed at a distance of At the position of The illuminated area, and in this case, satisfies , , conditions, such as Figure 6 As shown, there is no situation where the same display unit on the display panel is illuminated by the light beams emitted by two microstructures 3. At this time, the coding sub-areas are arranged on the display panel with intervals, and the interval area is an invalid area that is not illuminated and needs to be blacked out. , then in the width direction of each coding sub-region, spatial information in 50 directions can be encoded.

[0058] Figure 6 The backlight structure of the type shown increases the distance between the microstructures 3, so that the large-angle light beams generated by the microstructures 3 do not interfere with each other, greatly reducing the crosstalk of information. However, since the light beams generated by the microstructures 3 cannot light up the display units on the display panel directly above, it is necessary to black out the unlit display units to prevent the display of erroneous information. Since this solution blacks out a large number of display units, the utilization rate of the display units is low, and the resolution of the displayed image may be limited.

[0059] according to Figure 6 The backlight effects shown can be adjusted in each encodable area on the display panel. Figure 8 The scheme shown is used for encoding. Figure 8 As shown, the display units in area A1 are Figure 6 The light beam emitted to the left by microstructure A is lit, and the display units in area A2 are Figure 6 The light beam emitted from the microstructure A to the right is lit, and the display unit in the middle of the two areas is blacked out. This arrangement will cause some display units to be blacked out. In order to achieve a better display effect and avoid the blacked-out areas of the display units in the display panel being adjacent to each other, resulting in black stripes on the displayed image, it is preferred to use a solution in which the display units in the same column of two adjacent rows are lit by light beams in different directions and the blacked-out areas are isolated, such as Figure 8 In the example shown in the figure, between the first row and the second row, the first three columns of light control units in the first row are illuminated by the left beam, and the fourth column of light control units are blacked out, and the first two columns of light control units in the second row are illuminated by the right beam, and the third column of light control units are blacked out. This arrangement can further reduce the information crosstalk caused by the backlight.

[0060] In specific implementation, Figure 7 and Figure 8 The first and second rows of microstructures 3 may be staggered, or the linear microstructures 3 may be slightly tilted when arranged, with a certain deflection angle with the arrangement direction of the sub-pixels, thereby realizing staggered arrangement of coding sub-regions. Figure 7 and Figure 8 The width of the center black area is not necessarily equal to that of the coding area. Figure 7 and Figure 8 The novel backlight structure is the three-dimensional light field display system.

[0061] Figure 7 and Figure 8 The system coding method given is a reference schematic method. The two methods can be modified according to actual conditions to form a better solution. For example: Figure 7 Based on the coding case of the wide-angle backlight display system with staggered light control shown in the figure, by adjusting the three-sided shape of the microstructure, the light effect formed by the light control layer is changed, thereby changing the size of the coding sub-area; or Figure 8 Based on the coding case of the large-angle backlight display system without staggered light control shown in the figure, the position of the black area is adjusted.

[0062] In this embodiment, due to the special light effect generated by the large-angle backlight, the light beam generated by the microstructure 3 cannot illuminate the display unit on the display panel directly above. At this time, the area on the display panel illuminated by the light beam generated by the same microstructure 3 is strip-shaped, and the coding sub-areas will be arranged in sequence on this strip-shaped area.

[0063] In this embodiment, the light control effect and light control ability of the microstructure 3 itself are not limited by the size of the volume, but only by the surface shape, so it has the characteristic of being able to flexibly adjust the light control position. The distance between the microstructures 3 and the light control ability of a single microstructure 3 can be designed and processed on the same substrate 4 according to the actual light control needs. A variety of microstructures 3 with different surface parameters can be designed and processed as needed, and the arrangement positions of these microstructures 3 on the substrate 4 can be flexibly adjusted. For display areas with large spatial information requirements, microstructures 3 with a larger light control range can be used, and the distance between other surrounding microstructures 3 and the microstructures 3 can be increased, so that the light beam emitted by the microstructure 3 can cover a larger display panel area, carry more light field information displayed by the display panel, and provide sufficient information for constructing complex voxels.

[0064] In the specific implementation process of this embodiment, after acquiring images of the object at different angles, the images are numbered from small to large from left to right and from top to bottom according to the spatial position of the acquired images relative to the object. These images are used as the acquired image set to provide image information for filling the display unit on the display panel.

[0065] For a certain coding sub-region on the display panel, its absolute position can be determined by its distance from the upper and left frames of the display panel, and the coordinate information of the absolute position is normalized according to the length of the upper and left frames of the display panel to obtain the relative position coordinate information of this coding sub-region on the display panel. In the acquired image set, according to the relative position information of the coding sub-region on the display panel, the image information at the same relative position in the acquired image is obtained as the image information source for filling this coding sub-region, and the image information of each acquired image at this relative position is combined into the image information set of this coding sub-region. In this coding sub-region, a point on the lower surface of the substrate 4 in the light-control layer is taken as the coordinate origin, the direction of the normal of the light-control layer to the display panel is the positive semi-axis of the z-axis, and the lower surface of the substrate 4 is The plane establishes a coordinate system, and the line connecting the center point of the display unit to the center point of the microstructure 3 of the lighted display unit is flat, Angle of plane , , determines the information source of the display unit, and specifies , The larger the angle is, the information filled in the display unit should be taken from the acquired image with a smaller sequence number and should come from the image information set of this coded sub-region.

[0066] Embodiment three: This embodiment is a further extension of the first embodiment. Specifically, the side of the microstructure 3 away from the waveguide layer 1 is a plane, and the side of the microstructure 3 facing the waveguide layer 1 is a parabola, a quasi-parabola, a spherical surface or an ellipsoidal surface. The aspect ratio of a single microstructure 3 is less than 0.5. When light enters from one side of the waveguide layer 1, the light entering the microstructure 3 is directly emitted from the microstructure 3 and forms an arc-shaped light-emitting area on the outer surface of the microstructure 3. When light enters from the left and right sides of the waveguide layer 1, a ring-shaped light-emitting area is formed on the outer surface of the microstructure 3.

[0067] When light enters from the left and right sides of the waveguide layer 1 and avoids the interlaced light control of adjacent microstructures 3, the maximum angle between the annular light-emitting area generated by a single microstructure 3 and the normal line of the light control layer is The constraint relationship between the annular luminous area generated by a single microstructure 3 and the minimum angle between the normal line of the light control layer The constraint relationship between the adjacent microstructures 3 and the arrangement distance between the adjacent microstructures 3 They are:

[0068]

[0069]

[0070] in is the difference between the outer diameter and the inner diameter of the annular luminous area; is the distance between the display panel and the light control layer; is the tangent function, is the inverse tangent function; when , , When the light is on, the annular light-emitting areas generated by all the microstructures 3 in the light-controlling layer light up the corresponding display units of the display panel without interfering with each other.

[0071] In this embodiment, due to the special light effect generated by the annular light-emitting area, the light beam generated by the microstructure 3 cannot light up the display unit on the display panel directly above. At this time, the area on the display panel that is lit by the light beam generated by the same microstructure 3 is annular, and the coding sub-areas will be arranged in sequence on this annular area. In order to prevent the coding sub-areas from overlapping each other, the distance between the microstructures 3 must be increased so that the large-angle light beams generated by the microstructures 3 do not interfere with each other, or the area lit by multiple large-angle light beams is set to black, and the display unit that is not lit is set to black.

[0072] In the specific implementation process of this embodiment, after acquiring images of the object at different angles, the images are numbered from small to large from left to right and from top to bottom according to the spatial position of the acquired images relative to the object. These images are used as the acquired image set to provide image information for filling the display unit on the display panel.

[0073] For a certain coding sub-region on the display panel, its absolute position can be determined by its distance from the upper and left frames of the display panel, and the coordinate information of the absolute position is normalized according to the length of the upper and left frames of the display panel to obtain the relative position coordinate information of this coding sub-region on the display panel. In the acquired image set, according to the relative position information of the coding sub-region on the display panel, the image information at the same relative position in the acquired image is obtained as the image information source for filling this coding sub-region, and the image information of each acquired image at this relative position is combined into the image information set of this coding sub-region. In this coding sub-region, a point on the lower surface of the substrate 4 in the light-control layer is taken as the coordinate origin, the direction of the normal of the light-control layer to the display panel is the positive semi-axis of the z-axis, and the lower surface of the substrate 4 is The plane establishes a coordinate system, and the line connecting the center point of the display unit to the center point of the microstructure 3 of the lighted display unit is flat, Angle of plane , , determines the information source of the display unit, and specifies , The larger the angle is, the information filled in the display unit should be taken from the acquired image with a smaller sequence number and should come from the image information set of this coded sub-region.

[0074] Embodiment 4: This embodiment is a further extension of the first embodiment. Specifically, Fig.10 As shown, the side of the microstructure 3 away from the waveguide layer 1 is a plane, the microstructure 3 is in a dot or strip shape, the cross-sectional profile of the microstructure 3 is a parabola, a quasi-parabola, a circle or an ellipse, and the aspect ratio of a single microstructure 3 is greater than 0.5, so that the light entering the microstructure 3 is totally reflected outwardly at its inner wall, resulting in a convergence effect on the light, forming a point light source or a line light source on the outer surface of the microstructure 3.

[0075] In this embodiment, the light source is configured as an edge-entry light source, and the principle of light coupling out of an optical waveguide is used. The light is converged by the microstructure 3 to form a point light source, which can reduce the size of the light-emitting point and facilitate the manufacture of a large-scale array.

[0076] When light enters from the left and right sides of the waveguide layer 1, a single microstructure 3 controls the area range on the display panel. for:

[0077] in is the distance between the display panel and the light control layer; is the distance between the side of the microstructure away from the waveguide layer and the light source formed by convergence; is the tangent function; The maximum angle between the light emitted by the converged light source and the normal line of the light-controlling layer, that is, the divergence angle of the converged light source; When the arrangement distance between two adjacent microstructures 3 satisfies When the display panel is fully lit, all areas on the display panel are encodable areas, and all display units on the display panel can be used for image encoding; When the arrangement distance between two adjacent microstructures 3 satisfies When the display unit is illuminated by the light source emitted by the microstructures 3 at different positions, the display units at these positions will be prohibited from displaying any content, and the remaining display units are illuminated by the light source emitted by a single microstructure 3, which is called the encodable area on the display panel, and the display image is encoded in the encodable area of ​​the display panel; When the arrangement distance between two adjacent microstructures 3 satisfies When the display unit on the display panel is illuminated by light, it is divided into an encodable area that can be illuminated by light and an invalid area between the two microstructures 3 that cannot be illuminated, and the displayed image is encoded in the encodable area of ​​the display panel; in and The area range on the display panel is controlled for two adjacent microstructures 3 respectively.

[0078] In this embodiment, in order to obtain a high-quality three-dimensional display effect, the size of a single light-emitting area in the backlight array of the three-dimensional light field display system should be smaller than the size of the smallest display unit in the display panel. The light entering the light-controlling layer from the waveguide layer 1 is totally reflected by the edge of the inner wall of the microstructure 3 when entering the microstructure 3, and is affected by the light-controlling effect of the microstructure 3, resulting in a convergence effect, emitting from the surface of the microstructure 3, and converging outside the surface of the microstructure 3 to form a point or line light source. The size of the light-emitting area generated by a single microstructure 3 is not affected by the volume of the microstructure 3, but only by the surface shape of the microstructure 3, meeting the requirements of the light-emitting area for high-quality three-dimensional display.

[0079] Since its own light control effect and light control ability are not limited by the size of the volume, but only affected by the surface shape, it has the characteristic of being able to be flexibly arranged. The distance between the microstructures 3 and the light control ability of a single microstructure 3 can be flexibly adjusted according to the information volume requirement of the three-dimensional display construction voxel, and the surface parameters can be designed as needed and arranged at the corresponding position of the substrate 4. For display areas with large spatial information requirements, a microstructure 3 with a larger light control range can be used, and the distance between other surrounding microstructures 3 and it can be increased, so that the light beam emitted by the microstructure 3 can cover a larger display panel area, carry more light field information displayed by the display panel, and provide sufficient information for constructing complex voxels.

[0080] In the specific implementation process, the backlight arrangement of the three-dimensional light field display system is determined by the arrangement distance of the microstructure 3, the light control effect of the microstructure 3, and the placement of the display panel. The different light control situations can be divided into two categories.

[0081] Category 1: Fig.11 As shown, if the distance between the display panel and the light control layer is less than the distance between the optical structure and the point and line light sources generated by the convergence. Under this category, the display units on the display panel will be divided into a codable area that can be illuminated by light, and an invalid area between the two microstructures 3 that cannot be illuminated. The display image will be encoded in the display unit in the illuminated area of ​​the display panel. The display image will be encoded in the display unit in the illuminated codable area of ​​the display panel. According to the different sizes of luminous areas generated by one or more types of microstructures 3 in the light control layer, all the codable areas where the display panel is illuminated are divided into multiple coding sub-areas.

[0082] Category 2: If the distance between the display panel and the light control layer is greater than the distance between the optical structure and the point or line light source generated by the convergence. In this category, the display unit on the display panel is divided into three typical cases according to the distance between the display panel and the light control layer: like Fig.12As shown, if the distance between the display panel and the light control layer is appropriate, the display panel can be fully lit. At this time, the display units on the display panel can all be used for image coding. According to the light-emitting areas of different sizes generated by one or more types of microstructures 3 in the light control layer, the display panel can be divided into multiple non-overlapping coding sub-areas. These non-overlapping coding sub-areas can use all the display units on the display panel, or reserve some display units adjacent to the coding sub-areas, and black out these display units as gaps between the coding sub-areas.

[0083] like Fig.13 As shown, if the display panel is far away from the light control layer, some display units in the display panel can be illuminated by the light sources emitted by the microstructures 3 at different positions. In this case, the display units that can be illuminated by multiple light sources cannot display the correct light information that constitutes the spatial voxels, and the display units at these positions will be prohibited from displaying any content. The remaining areas of the display panel that can only be illuminated by a single light source are called codable areas. The codable area can be divided into multiple coding sub-areas according to the position of the light source.

[0084] like Fig.14 As shown, if the display panel is close to the light control layer, the display unit on the display panel will be divided into a codable area that can be illuminated by light and an invalid area between the two microstructures 3 that cannot be illuminated. The display image will be encoded in the display unit in the illuminated area of ​​the display panel. According to the different sizes of luminous areas generated by one or more types of microstructures 3 in the light control layer, all the codable areas of the illuminated display panel are divided into multiple coding sub-areas.

[0085] For the above two categories and the various situations they contain, after acquiring images of the object at different angles, the images are numbered from small to large from left to right and from top to bottom according to the spatial position of the acquired images relative to the object. These images are used as the acquired image set to provide image information for filling the display units on the display panel.

[0086] For a certain coding sub-region on the display panel, its absolute position can be determined by its distance from the upper and left frames of the display panel, and the coordinate information of the absolute position is normalized according to the length of the upper and left frames of the display panel to obtain the relative position coordinate information of this coding sub-region on the display panel. In the acquired image set, according to the relative position information of the coding sub-region on the display panel, the image information at the same relative position in the acquired image is obtained as the image information source for filling this coding sub-region, and the image information of each acquired image at this relative position is combined into the image information set of this coding sub-region. In this coding sub-region, a point on the lower surface of the substrate 4 in the light control layer is taken as the coordinate origin, the direction of the normal of the light control layer to the display panel is the positive semi-axis of the z-axis, and the lower surface of the substrate 4 layer is The plane establishes a coordinate system, and the line connecting the center point of the display unit to the center point of the microstructure 3 of the lighted display unit is flat, Angle of plane , , determines the information source of the display unit, and specifies , The larger the angle is, the information filled in the display unit should be taken from the acquired image with a smaller sequence number and should come from the image information set of this encoded sub-region.

[0087] For one possible structure, the thickness of waveguide layer 1 is , the thickness of adhesive layer 2 is , the height of microstructure 3 is , the width is , satisfying the requirement that the aspect ratio of the microstructure 3 is greater than 0.5. At this time, after surface optimization, the maximum angle with the normal line of the light control layer is obtained. The distance between the flat and smooth surface of microstructure 3 and the point and line light sources generated by the convergence is , the arrangement distance of microstructure 3 At this time, place the display panel on the distance control layer The microstructure 3 controls the area on the display panel. , the arrangement distance of microstructure 3 ,satisfy , the display panel is completely illuminated by the linear light source array. According to the light control effect, the following is given Fig.15 The encoding method shown. Fig.15 A system encoding method in which the encoding areas on the display panel are closely arranged is shown in FIG. In this encoding method, a light beam emitted by a microstructure 3 can control information in 21 directions, and the areas controlled by the microstructure 3 do not overlap with each other and are closely arranged together.

[0088] For one possible structure, the thickness of waveguide layer 1 is , the thickness of adhesive layer 2 is , the height of microstructure 3 is , the width is , satisfying the requirement that the aspect ratio of the microstructure 3 is greater than 0.5. At this time, after surface optimization, the maximum angle with the normal line of the light control layer is obtained. The distance between the flat and smooth surface of microstructure 3 and the point and line light sources generated by the convergence is , the arrangement distance of microstructure 3 At this time, place the display panel on the distance control layer The microstructure 3 controls the area on the display panel. , the arrangement distance of microstructure 3 ,satisfy , some display units can be illuminated by the light sources emitted by the microstructures 3 at different positions. According to the light control effect, the following is given: Fig.16 The encoding method shown. Fig.16 A system encoding method for displaying a panel with non-encodeable parts between encoding areas is shown in FIG. This encoding method directly sets the non-encodeable areas on the display panel to black, thereby avoiding displaying information at these locations, ensuring that each microstructure 3 can independently control all information in its corresponding encoding sub-area. Fig.16 As shown, a light beam emitted by a microstructure 3 can independently control information in 18 directions.

[0089] For one possible structure, the thickness of waveguide layer 1 is , the thickness of adhesive layer 2 is , the height of microstructure 3 is , the width is , satisfying the requirement that the aspect ratio of the microstructure 3 is greater than 0.5. At this time, after surface optimization, the maximum angle with the normal line of the light control layer is obtained. , The distances between the flat and smooth surfaces of the two microstructures 3 and the point and line light sources generated by the convergence are , , the two microstructures 3 are arranged alternately, and the arrangement distance of the microstructure 3 is At this time, place the display panel on the distance control layer The microstructure 3 controls the area on the display panel. , , the arrangement distance of microstructure 3 ,satisfy , some display units cannot be illuminated by the light source emitted by the microstructure 3. Then according to the light control effect, the following is given Fig.17 The encoding method shown. Fig.17 , a coding category with different coding area sizes on a display panel is shown. This coding method can arrange microstructures 3 with different light control effects together. Since the display panel has some invalid positions that are not lit, it can be Fig.17 As shown in , these invalid positions of the display panel are directly blacked out. At this time, the light output angle The light beam emitted by the microstructure 3 can independently control information in 18 directions, and the light output angle The light beam emitted by the microstructure 3 can independently control information in 15 directions.

Claims

1. A sub-pixel controlled three-dimensional light field display system based on array optical waveguide, characterized in that: It includes a waveguide layer and a light control layer from inside to outside; the light control layer includes a plurality of microstructures; A waveguide layer, used to limit the propagation of light inside the waveguide layer; wherein the light enters from at least one side of the waveguide layer and enters the microstructure from the contact position between the waveguide layer and the microstructure; The microstructure is used to make the light entering it totally reflect outward from its inner wall, produce a convergence effect on the light, and then converge to form a point light source or a line light source outside the surface of the microstructure and emit it to the display panel, thereby realizing a three-dimensional light field display; or make the light entering it directly hit the display panel, thereby forming a ring-shaped, arc-shaped or strip-shaped luminous area outside the surface of the microstructure, thereby realizing a three-dimensional light field display.

2. The sub-pixel controlled three-dimensional light field display system based on arrayed optical waveguide according to claim 1, characterized in that: The microstructure is adhered to the waveguide layer through an adhesive layer; the adhesive layer adopts OCA adhesive with a thickness less than or equal to 50 μm.

3. The sub-pixel controlled three-dimensional light field display system based on arrayed optical waveguide according to claim 2, characterized in that: The light-controlling layer also includes a substrate, which is arranged outside the microstructure, and an air gap is arranged between the substrate and the adhesive layer; light entering the substrate from the microstructure escapes from the surface of the substrate.

4. The sub-pixel controlled three-dimensional light field display system based on arrayed optical waveguide according to claim 1, characterized in that: The light source providing light for the waveguide layer is an LED lamp bead, and the light output angle of a single LED lamp bead is greater than or equal to 120°; the waveguide layer adopts a light-transmitting material with a refractive index greater than or equal to 1.

5.

5. The sub-pixel controlled three-dimensional light field display system based on arrayed optical waveguide according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side of the microstructure away from the waveguide layer is a plane, the microstructure is strip-shaped, the cross-sectional profile of the microstructure is a parabola, a quasi-parabola, a circle or an ellipse, and the aspect ratio of a single microstructure is less than 0.5, so that the light entering the microstructure directly exits the microstructure and forms a strip-shaped luminous area on the outer surface of the microstructure; when the light enters from one side of the waveguide layer, a strip-shaped luminous area is formed on the outer surface of the microstructure; when the light enters from the left and right sides of the waveguide layer, two strip-shaped luminous areas are formed on the outer surface of the microstructure, and the light beams emitted by the two strip-shaped luminous areas form a large-angle strip-shaped light beam with the corresponding microstructure.

6. The sub-pixel controlled three-dimensional light field display system based on arrayed optical waveguide according to claim 5, characterized in that: When light enters from the left and right sides of the waveguide layer and the adjacent microstructures are staggered to control the light, the maximum angle between the large-angle ribbon beam generated by a single microstructure and the normal line of the light control layer The constraint relationship between the large-angle ribbon beam generated by a single microstructure and the minimum angle between the normal line of the light-control layer The constraint relationship between the two adjacent microstructures They are: in Controlling the width of an area on a display panel for a beam of light generated by the microstructure; is the distance between the display panel and the light control layer; is the inverse tangent function; when , When all the light beams emitted from the microstructures in the light control layer light up all the display units of the display panel without interfering with each other; When light enters from the left and right sides of the waveguide layer and avoids interlaced light control by adjacent microstructures, the maximum angle between the large-angle ribbon beam generated by a single microstructure and the normal of the light control layer The constraint relationship between the large-angle ribbon beam generated by a single microstructure and the minimum angle between the normal line of the light-control layer The constraint relationship between the two adjacent microstructures They are: in is the tangent function; when , , When the light beams emitted from the microstructures in the light-controlling layer light up the corresponding display units of the display panel in an adjacent manner without interfering with each other.

7. The sub-pixel controlled three-dimensional light field display system based on arrayed optical waveguide according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side of the microstructure away from the waveguide layer is a plane, and the side of the microstructure facing the waveguide layer is a parabola, a quasi-parabola, a spherical surface or an ellipsoidal surface, and the aspect ratio of a single microstructure is less than 0.5; when light enters from one side of the waveguide layer, the light entering the microstructure is directly emitted from the microstructure and forms an arc-shaped luminous area on the outer surface of the microstructure; when light enters from the left and right sides of the waveguide layer, a ring-shaped luminous area is formed on the outer surface of the microstructure.

8. The sub-pixel controlled three-dimensional light field display system based on arrayed optical waveguide according to claim 7, characterized in that: When light enters from the left and right sides of the waveguide layer and avoids interlaced light control by adjacent microstructures, the maximum angle between the annular luminous area generated by a single microstructure and the normal of the light control layer The constraint relationship between the annular luminous area generated by a single microstructure and the minimum angle between the normal line of the light-control layer The constraint relationship between the two adjacent microstructures They are: in is the difference between the outer diameter and the inner diameter of the annular luminous area; is the distance between the display panel and the light control layer; is the tangent function, is the inverse tangent function; when , , When the light is on, the annular light-emitting areas generated by all the microstructures in the light-controlling layer light up the corresponding display units of the display panel without interfering with each other.

9. The sub-pixel controlled three-dimensional light field display system based on arrayed optical waveguide according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side of the microstructure away from the waveguide layer is a plane, the microstructure is point-shaped or strip-shaped, the cross-sectional profile of the microstructure is a parabola, a quasi-parabola, a circle or an ellipse, and the aspect ratio of a single microstructure is greater than 0.5, so that the light entering the microstructure is totally reflected outward on its inner wall, resulting in a convergence effect on the light, forming a point light source or a line light source on the outer surface of the microstructure.

10. The sub-pixel controlled three-dimensional light field display system based on arrayed optical waveguide according to claim 9, characterized in that: When light enters from the left and right sides of the waveguide layer, a single microstructure controls the range of areas on the display panel. for: in is the distance between the display panel and the light control layer; is the distance between the side of the microstructure away from the waveguide layer and the light source formed by convergence; is the tangent function; The maximum angle between the light emitted by the converged light source and the normal line of the light control layer; When the arrangement distance between two adjacent microstructures satisfies When , the display panel is fully illuminated; When the arrangement distance between two adjacent microstructures satisfies When the display panel is partially lit, the repeatedly lit area is prohibited from displaying any content; When the arrangement distance between two adjacent microstructures satisfies When the display panel is partially illuminated; in and The area range on the display panel is controlled respectively for two adjacent microstructures.

Images