Optimization system for photovoltaic array positioning

Abstract

The invention discloses an optimization system for photovoltaic array positioning, and the system comprises a sensor module which is used for monitoring the environment condition and the operation state of a photovoltaic array in real time, and providing various data needed by system optimization; the positioning and positioning precision module is used for determining the accurate position of the photovoltaic array; the driving and executing module is used for adjusting the layout and the angle of the photovoltaic array according to the output of the optimization algorithm; the support and the structure of the photovoltaic array can be adjusted to be in the form of a temporary shelter, and due to the arrangement of the emergency shelter building module, the photovoltaic array can be rapidly converted into the temporary shelter when natural disasters occur, and shelter and electric power support is provided for personnel in a disaster area; the integrated energy storage unit can store redundant electric energy collected in the daytime, and stable electric power supply is ensured after disasters or under emergency conditions; the communication module is linked with a local emergency communication network and is integrated with an emergency rescue system, so that personnel in a disaster area can obtain rescue information in time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic array positioning optimization, and in particular to an optimization system for photovoltaic array positioning. Background Art

[0002] A photovoltaic array is a system consisting of multiple photovoltaic modules (solar panels) that collects solar energy and converts it into electrical energy. The photovoltaic array is the core part of a solar power generation system. Its purpose is to convert light energy into electrical energy through solar panels and is widely used in various energy demand situations.

[0003] In daily work, in order to maximize the solar energy capture and power generation efficiency, the positioning of the photovoltaic array needs to be achieved by adjusting the orientation and tilt angle of the photovoltaic panel. Existing photovoltaic arrays are mostly installed in open and unobstructed locations. The existing positioning optimization system is only set for power generation efficiency. When dealing with some emergency natural disasters or extreme weather, it cannot be adjusted with versatility according to actual needs. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide an optimization system for photovoltaic array positioning to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an optimization system for photovoltaic array positioning, comprising:

[0006] Sensor module, used to monitor environmental conditions and the operating status of the photovoltaic array in real time, and provide various data required for system optimization;

[0007] Positioning and positioning accuracy module, used to determine the exact position of the photovoltaic array;

[0008] A driving and execution module, used to adjust the layout and angle of the photovoltaic array according to the output of the optimization algorithm;

[0009] Communication module, used for real-time data exchange between various parts of the system;

[0010] Data acquisition and processing module, used to collect data from various sensors and perform pre-processing;

[0011] The optimization algorithm module is used to obtain the best layout of the photovoltaic array through the optimization algorithm based on the collected data;

[0012] Extreme weather response module, used to analyze detection data and adjust the angle of the photovoltaic array to minimize damage to the photovoltaic matrix;

[0013] The emergency shelter building module is used to adjust the bracket and structure of the photovoltaic array into the form of a temporary shelter when a natural disaster occurs.

[0014] Preferably, the sensor module includes a light sensor, a temperature sensor, a tilt angle sensor and a meteorological sensor. The light sensor is used to monitor the intensity of solar radiation in real time to help optimize the orientation and angle of the photovoltaic array; the temperature sensor monitors the temperature of the photovoltaic module and the surrounding environment; the tilt angle sensor is used to monitor the tilt angle and azimuth of the array to ensure that the angle of the photovoltaic array is always in the optimal position; the meteorological sensor is used to collect weather data and predict the changing trend of sunshine.

[0015] Preferably, the meteorological sensor includes a wind speed sensor and a hail sensor. The wind speed sensor is used to monitor the wind speed to ensure the stability of the array. The hail sensor uses radar or ultrasonic technology to detect the size and frequency of hail to determine whether angle adjustment is required.

[0016] Preferably, a control module is further included, wherein the control module is used to receive data from the sensor and determine how to adjust the angle of the photovoltaic array according to a preset threshold and algorithm.

[0017] Preferably, the algorithm includes a wind threshold algorithm, a hail detection algorithm and an angle adjustment strategy; the wind threshold algorithm determines whether the wind exceeds a safe range by comparing real-time wind speed data with a preset threshold; the hail detection algorithm predicts damage based on the intensity and frequency of hail and adjusts the array angle to avoid direct impact; the angle adjustment strategy controls and adjusts the angle of the photovoltaic array according to extreme weather conditions.

[0018] Preferably, the extreme weather response module is used for strong wind conditions, hail weather, and snow or frost conditions. In strong wind conditions, the photovoltaic array reduces the contact area with the wind and reduces wind pressure; in hail weather, the photovoltaic array adjusts its angle to prevent hail from directly hitting the photovoltaic panel; in snow or frost weather, the angle of the photovoltaic array is adjusted to an angle that allows snow to slide naturally, reducing the impact of snow accumulation.

[0019] Preferably, the emergency shelter building module includes an integrated energy storage unit and a power dispatching unit. The integrated energy storage unit stores excess electrical energy collected during the day to facilitate the supply of necessary electricity after a disaster; the power dispatching unit is used to ensure that electricity is used first for the infrastructure in the shelter.

[0020] Preferably, the communication module also includes linkage with a local emergency communication network to ensure that people in the disaster area can obtain rescue information in a timely manner when a disaster occurs.

[0021] Preferably, the communication module is linked with the emergency rescue system to be integrated with the local government's emergency response system to provide power support and temporary shelters to the disaster area.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: by real-time monitoring of environmental conditions and the operating status of the photovoltaic array, the system can dynamically adjust the layout and angle of the photovoltaic array to ensure that it is always in the best power generation state, thereby greatly improving energy efficiency; the extreme weather response module can automatically adjust to severe weather conditions such as strong winds, hail, snow or frost, effectively protecting the photovoltaic array from damage and extending its service life; the setting of the emergency shelter construction module enables the photovoltaic array to be quickly transformed into a temporary shelter when a natural disaster occurs, providing shelter and power support for people in the disaster area; the integrated energy storage unit can store excess electrical energy collected during the day to ensure a stable power supply after a disaster or in an emergency; the linkage of the communication module with the local emergency communication network and the integration with the emergency rescue system ensure that people in the disaster area can obtain rescue information in a timely manner, and provide dual guarantees of power support and temporary shelters in the disaster area. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in combination with the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] The present invention provides a technical solution: an optimization system for photovoltaic array positioning, comprising: a sensor module for real-time monitoring of environmental conditions and the operating status of the photovoltaic array, and providing various data required for system optimization; a positioning and positioning accuracy module for determining the exact position of the photovoltaic array; a drive and execution module for adjusting the layout and angle of the photovoltaic array according to the output of the optimization algorithm;

[0025] The communication module is used for real-time data exchange between various parts of the system; the data acquisition and processing module is used to collect data from various sensors and perform pre-processing; the optimization algorithm module is used to derive the best layout of the photovoltaic array through the optimization algorithm based on the collected data; the extreme weather response module is used to analyze the detection data and adjust the angle of the photovoltaic array to minimize the damage to the photovoltaic matrix; the emergency shelter construction module is used to adjust the bracket and structure of the photovoltaic array into the form of a temporary shelter when a natural disaster occurs.

[0026] It should be noted that the sensor module of the present invention monitors the environmental conditions and the operating status of the photovoltaic array in real time; the sensors may include meteorological sensors (temperature, humidity, wind speed, radiation intensity), the working status of the photovoltaic array itself (current, voltage, power, etc.), and light intensity sensors, etc.; providing real-time data feedback is helpful to judge the current performance of the photovoltaic array and the changing trend of the environment; environmental data (such as temperature, humidity, light intensity) are used to adjust the angle and position of the photovoltaic array and optimize the output efficiency of the photovoltaic panel; array operation status monitoring data is used to judge whether there is a fault or performance degradation problem; the positioning and positioning accuracy module is used to accurately determine the position of the photovoltaic array and perform positioning accuracy calibration; through GPS, inertial navigation system (INS) or other positioning technologies can obtain the coordinate information of the photovoltaic array in real time to ensure its position accuracy; the precision module can ensure that the system can complete the adjustment of the photovoltaic array with maximum accuracy under any environmental conditions; high-precision positioning helps to provide the best layout plan for the photovoltaic array to obtain the best solar radiation reception; it supports dynamic tracking, adjusts the azimuth and tilt angle of the array to avoid shadows and optimize lighting conditions; the drive and execution module is used to adjust the layout and angle of the photovoltaic array according to the output of the optimization algorithm; it is equipped with a mechanical drive device (such as an electric regulator, a stepper motor, etc.) to adjust the angle and position of the photovoltaic array; it can adjust the azimuth and tilt angle of the array to ensure Ensure maximum reception of solar radiation; automatically adjust the angle of the photovoltaic panel when the sunshine changes, the seasons change, or the array is damaged and repaired; the position and angle of the array can be adjusted in real time according to the optimization algorithm to cope with different environmental conditions and lighting requirements; the communication module is used to ensure real-time data exchange between various parts of the system; wireless communication (such as Wi-Fi, LoRa, 5G, etc.) or wired communication (such as Ethernet) technology is used to ensure that data can be transmitted quickly and effectively between modules; support remote monitoring and control, the management center can obtain data from each module through the communication module, and send instructions for optimization; establish efficient data transmission channels between various parts of the system to achieve rapid response and optimization adjustment; for system management The remote management function is provided to ensure continuous monitoring and optimization of the system; the data acquisition and processing module is used to collect data from sensors and perform preprocessing; the data acquisition unit is responsible for obtaining data from various sensors (such as weather, photovoltaic array status, location information, etc.); the data processing unit preprocesses these data, including filtering, denoising, standardization and other operations, so as to provide accurate input data for subsequent optimization algorithm modules; efficient data collection and processing can provide high-quality input to the optimization algorithm and improve the accuracy of system optimization decisions; ensure the real-time and accuracy of data and help the system respond in a timely manner; the optimization algorithm module is used to derive the best layout of the photovoltaic array through the optimization algorithm based on the collected data;Advanced optimization algorithms such as genetic algorithms, particle swarm optimization (PSO), and simulated annealing are used to calculate the optimal array layout and angle in combination with data such as weather, light, and the current state of the array. The algorithm takes into account factors such as seasonal changes in the photovoltaic array, geographical location, and obstacle obstruction to ensure the most efficient power generation under any environmental conditions. The layout and angle of the array are optimized in real time to minimize shadow obstruction and improve the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic array. Dynamic adjustments are made to adapt to weather changes and optimize power output. The extreme weather response module is used to analyze and respond to extreme weather and adjust the angle of the photovoltaic array to reduce damage. By integrating with the meteorological module, extreme weather (such as strong winds, heavy rains, hail, etc.) is monitored in real time and possible damage to the photovoltaic array is assessed. The angle and layout of the photovoltaic array are dynamically adjusted according to weather conditions to avoid damage to the photovoltaic array caused by excessive wind pressure or water or snow accumulation. In severe weather conditions, the photovoltaic array is automatically adjusted to a protective position to reduce damage. Different protective measures are taken according to the weather type (wind speed, precipitation, hail, etc.); the emergency shelter construction module is used to adjust the bracket and structure of the photovoltaic array into the form of a temporary shelter when a natural disaster occurs; the flexible array bracket structure enables it to be quickly transformed into a temporary shelter when a disaster occurs; the module can automatically or manually adjust the bracket of the array according to the type of disaster and needs to provide shelter, protection and temporary shelter; in extreme climate or disaster situations, the photovoltaic array not only continues to play an energy role, but also provides a shelter to ensure the safety of personnel; combined with rapid response technology (such as automatic adjustment, remote control, etc.), it ensures that the array can change its function in time when a disaster occurs and provide humanitarian assistance; the system collects data through sensors, optimizes algorithm analysis and gives the best layout plan, and the drive module adjusts the layout and angle of the array according to the optimization results to ensure that the photovoltaic array always maintains the best power generation state; at the same time, the communication module maintains real-time data exchange between various parts of the system to ensure timely response to environmental changes. ;

[0027] Among them, the sensor module includes a light sensor, a temperature sensor, a tilt angle sensor and a meteorological sensor. The light sensor is used to monitor the intensity of solar radiation in real time to help optimize the orientation and angle of the photovoltaic array; the temperature sensor monitors the temperature of the photovoltaic module and the surrounding environment; the tilt angle sensor is used to monitor the tilt angle and azimuth of the array to ensure that the angle of the photovoltaic array is always in the optimal position; the meteorological sensor is used to collect weather data and predict the changing trend of sunshine.

[0028] It should be noted that the main function of the light sensor of the present invention is to monitor the intensity of solar radiation (i.e., light intensity) in real time. The sensor can sense the strength of the current light conditions, thereby providing important data for the optimization of the photovoltaic system. By monitoring the light intensity in real time, the system can dynamically adjust the orientation and tilt angle of the photovoltaic array, maximize the amount of light received by the photovoltaic panel, and improve the efficiency of photovoltaic power generation. The temperature of the photovoltaic module directly affects its power generation efficiency. Increased temperature will lead to reduced efficiency of the photovoltaic module. Therefore, the temperature sensor can not only monitor the temperature of the photovoltaic module itself in real time, but also monitor the temperature of the surrounding environment. Combined with these data, the cooling system of the photovoltaic system can be optimized or other measures can be taken to reduce the negative impact of high temperature on efficiency. For example, when the temperature is too high, the system will automatically start a fan or other heat dissipation device to avoid losses caused by overheating. The tilt angle sensor is used to monitor the tilt angle and azimuth of the photovoltaic array. The sensor helps ensure that the photovoltaic array always remains at the optimal tilt angle to receive solar radiation to the greatest extent. The optimal angle of the array varies depending on the geographical location (latitude, season, etc.), so it is necessary to adjust the angle of the photovoltaic module according to real-time data. By adjusting the tilt angle, the photovoltaic system can obtain the best light exposure at different times of the day and seasons, thereby maximizing power generation efficiency. Meteorological sensors usually include multiple monitoring functions such as temperature and humidity, wind speed, air pressure and precipitation. The sensor helps the system understand current and future weather changes, especially in predicting the trend of sunshine changes. For example, meteorological sensors can predict upcoming cloud changes and predict changes in lighting conditions in advance. By combining meteorological data and historical trends, the system can adjust the angle of the photovoltaic array in advance to cope with upcoming cloudy days or cloud changes, ensuring that the photovoltaic system always maintains efficient operation. Data fusion and optimization: Light, temperature, angle and meteorological data can be integrated to provide a comprehensive operating status analysis for the photovoltaic system. For example, if the light intensity is low, but the meteorological sensor predicts that the sun will rise or the clouds will dissipate, the system can adjust the angle of the photovoltaic module in advance to maximize the reception of solar energy at the best time. The data from all sensors can be transmitted to the central control system, and the configuration of the photovoltaic array can be dynamically optimized through data fusion and intelligent algorithms (such as machine learning). The system can automatically adjust the cooling measures of the photovoltaic array based on the feedback from the temperature sensor, or adjust the angle of the array in the event of weather changes. Through these sensors, photovoltaic systems can be remotely monitored, and operators can view the system status in real time and make corresponding adjustments. For example, when the temperature is too high or the light intensity is too low, the system can automatically alarm or trigger a preset adjustment strategy.

[0029] The meteorological sensor includes a wind speed sensor and a hail sensor. The wind speed sensor is used to monitor the wind speed to ensure the stability of the array. The hail sensor uses radar or ultrasonic technology to detect the size and frequency of hail to determine whether angle adjustment is required.

[0030] It should be noted that the wind speed sensor of the present invention is used to monitor the wind speed in the air to ensure the stability of the array when the wind speed is too high; excessive wind speed will affect the structural stability of the array and even cause damage; by monitoring the wind speed in real time, the wind speed sensor can help the system make adjustments, such as adjusting the array angle or stopping certain operations of the array when the wind speed is too high; the wind speed sensor usually detects the wind speed through mechanical (such as rotating blades) or ultrasonic technology; it obtains accurate wind speed values ​​by calculating the speed of the airflow and transmits the data to the control system; the hail sensor monitors the size, frequency and possible degree of harm of hail through radar or ultrasonic technology; when hail occurs, the sensor can identify the arrival of hail and analyze its size and frequency to determine whether the array angle needs to be adjusted to avoid hail directly hitting the array surface, causing damage or reducing efficiency; the radar sensor detects the target object by emitting high-frequency radio waves and receiving reflected waves; hail will reflect with radar waves, and the radar system can estimate the intensity and time of the echo The ultrasonic sensor detects hail by emitting sound waves and receiving their reflected waves. When excessive wind speed or hail weather is detected, the angle of the array can be automatically adjusted to reduce the impact of external meteorological factors on the array. For example, when the wind speed is too high, the array can automatically adjust to a low inclination angle to reduce the windward area and reduce the burden of wind on the structure. When hail weather comes, the array will adjust to a more suitable angle to reduce the impact of hail on the array surface. The wind speed and hail sensors work together to provide real-time feedback in complex meteorological environments to ensure that the array can still maintain the best working condition under unstable weather conditions. The control system can automatically adjust the attitude of the array based on the data of the wind speed and hail sensors, combined with other possible weather factors (such as rainfall, temperature changes, etc.), to ensure its long-term stable operation and maximize its efficiency. If the system is used for solar cell arrays, these sensors can be used to adjust the angle of the solar panels in stormy or windy weather to avoid damage from strong winds and hail.

[0031] It also includes a control module, which is used to receive data from sensors and decide how to adjust the angle of the photovoltaic array according to preset thresholds and algorithms. The algorithms include a wind threshold algorithm, a hail detection algorithm and an angle adjustment strategy. The wind threshold algorithm compares real-time wind speed data with a preset threshold to determine whether the wind exceeds a safe range. The hail detection algorithm predicts damage based on the intensity and frequency of hail and adjusts the array angle to avoid direct impact. The angle adjustment strategy controls the adjustment of the angle of the photovoltaic array according to extreme weather conditions.

[0032] It should be noted that the control module of the present invention is responsible for receiving and analyzing data from various sensors, and then deciding how to adjust the angle of the photovoltaic array. The core task of the control module is to make decisions based on real-time meteorological data and preset safety thresholds to ensure that the photovoltaic array can protect itself from damage and maintain efficient operation as much as possible under extreme weather conditions.

[0033] The wind threshold algorithm is used to determine whether the current wind speed exceeds the safety limit of the photovoltaic array through real-time wind speed data. When the wind speed is too high (for example, exceeding a certain set threshold), the array may face the risk of being damaged or overturned by the wind. When the wind threshold algorithm works: the wind speed sensor provides real-time data to the control module. The control module compares the received wind speed data with the preset safety wind speed threshold (for example, the wind speed threshold is set according to the design strength of the photovoltaic array and the historical wind data). When the wind speed exceeds the threshold, the control module will initiate a protection strategy, such as automatically adjusting the angle of the array to reduce the windward area, or in extreme cases, stop the movement of the array to reduce the force on the array structure. Threshold algorithm example: Assuming that the safety wind speed threshold of the photovoltaic array is 25m / s, when the wind speed sensor detects that the wind speed exceeds this threshold, the control module will trigger the adjustment mechanism to ensure that the angle of the array reduces the windward force, or adopt other protection measures.

[0034] The hail detection algorithm is used to detect the intensity, size and frequency of hail through sensors (such as radar or ultrasonic sensors) and predict the damage it may cause to the photovoltaic array. According to the threat level of hail, the control module will adjust the angle of the photovoltaic array to prevent hail from directly hitting the module surface and reduce the risk of damage. When the hail detection algorithm is working: the hail sensor monitors the intensity of hail (such as the diameter or speed of hail) and its frequency reduction in real time. The size and frequency of hail are used to predict the possible damage. For example, large hail or frequent hail may cause greater damage, while small hail has less impact. The sensor cooperates with the control module to assess the risk based on the specific situation of the hail. If the intensity of the hail exceeds the set safety range, the control module will automatically adjust the angle of the photovoltaic array to prevent hail from directly hitting the solar panel and reduce damage. The adjustment method is usually to reduce the tilt angle of the photovoltaic array so that it is not facing the incoming hail. Hail detection algorithm example: If the hail sensor detects hail with a diameter greater than 20 mm and a high frequency (e.g., more than 10 hailstones per minute), the control module may trigger an angle adjustment strategy to quickly reduce the tilt angle of the PV array, thereby reducing the impact of the hail.

[0035] Angle adjustment strategy is the core strategy for adjusting the array angle according to extreme weather conditions. The control module determines the best angle of the array in different situations based on wind speed, hail, light intensity and other meteorological factors. When the angle adjustment strategy works: the control module analyzes the current meteorological conditions by integrating data from various sensors. For example, when the wind speed is too high, hail is approaching or the sunlight is insufficient, the system will choose to adjust the angle of the array.

[0036] Angle adjustment algorithm:

[0037] In windy weather, the array angle may be adjusted to a flatter state to reduce the windward area and the burden on the array structure.

[0038] In hail weather, the array angle may be adjusted to a smaller tilt angle to prevent hail from directly impacting the photovoltaic panels.

[0039] On cloudy or rainy days, the system may adjust the angle of the array to adapt to the most suitable lighting conditions and maximize power generation efficiency.

[0040] Angle adjustment strategy example: When the wind speed is greater than the safety threshold, the system may adjust the angle of the array to a flatter state (for example, reduce the tilt angle to 10° or less). If a hail threat is detected, the angle of the array can be adjusted to a horizontal or near-horizontal state to avoid hail directly hitting the PV modules. In the absence of extreme weather, the array remains at a preset optimal angle, usually related to the position of the sun, to maximize light reception.

[0041] The above algorithms and control modules work in a highly coordinated manner to ensure that the system can respond promptly under complex meteorological conditions: the control module quickly analyzes the current environmental conditions by receiving real-time data from wind speed, hail sensors and other meteorological equipment. Based on the judgment of the algorithm, the control module will decide whether to start the adjustment mechanism to reduce risks and improve system efficiency. Under extreme weather conditions, the array angle can be automatically adjusted to cope with the threat of wind or hail, ensuring the long-term stability and efficient power generation of the photovoltaic array.

[0042] Among them, the extreme weather response module is used for strong wind conditions, hail weather and snow or frost conditions. Under strong wind conditions, the photovoltaic array reduces the contact area with the wind and reduces wind pressure; under hail weather, the photovoltaic array adjusts its angle to prevent hail from directly hitting the photovoltaic panel. Under snow or frost weather, the angle of the photovoltaic array is adjusted to an angle that allows snow to slide naturally, reducing the impact of snow accumulation.

[0043] It should be noted that the response of the present invention under strong wind conditions reduces the contact area between the photovoltaic array and the wind, reduces the wind pressure, and protects the array from damage. During adjustment: In windy weather, the array faces strong winds, causing excessive wind pressure, resulting in damage to the photovoltaic panels or overturning of the system. To this end, the extreme weather response module will reduce the area of ​​the wind directly acting on the array by adjusting the angle of the array. The array can be adjusted to a flatter state (such as reducing the tilt angle) to minimize its contact surface with the wind. For example, if the original tilt angle of the array is 30°, it can be adjusted to 10° or less in windy weather, thereby reducing the effect of wind on the array. When the wind speed reaches the preset threshold, the control system will start the wind speed response mechanism and quickly adjust the angle of the array to ensure that the array will not be damaged due to wind pressure when the wind is too strong. For example, when the wind speed exceeds 25m / s, the extreme weather response module reduces the array angle through the control system to keep the array at a low tilt angle perpendicular to the wind direction, thereby reducing the effect of wind pressure.

[0044] In response to hail weather, the array angle is adjusted to avoid direct impact of hail on the photovoltaic panel and reduce damage. During adjustment: The hail sensor detects the size and frequency of the hail and transmits data to the control module. According to the threat level of the hail, the system determines whether the angle of the photovoltaic array needs to be adjusted. When the intensity and frequency of the hail reach the danger threshold, the extreme weather response module will adjust the angle of the photovoltaic array so that the surface of the array is as far away from directly facing the hail as possible. For example, if the initial angle of the photovoltaic panel is 30°, in hail weather, the angle of the array can be lowered to a flatter position (such as 10° or less) to reduce the impact of hail. By adjusting the array angle to an angle that hail cannot directly impact, the physical damage of hail to the photovoltaic panel is reduced, and cracks and fragments caused by impact are prevented. For example, if the sensor detects that the diameter of the hail is greater than 20mm and the frequency of hail is high (for example, more than 10 hailstones per minute), the control system will instruct the array to adjust to a lower angle (for example, as low as 10° or 5°) to reduce the impact angle between the array surface and the hail, thereby avoiding direct impact.

[0045] When responding to snow or frost conditions, adjust the angle of the array so that the snow can slide off naturally and reduce the impact of snow accumulation on the array performance. When adjusting: In snowy weather, snow is easy to accumulate on the surface of the photovoltaic array, which not only affects the power generation efficiency, but also increases the weight of the array and even causes damage to the photovoltaic panels. Therefore, the extreme weather response module will adjust the angle of the array to make the snow slide off more easily and avoid snow accumulation. Snow can slide off more easily at a certain tilt angle. For example, adjusting the angle to a range of 20° to 30° can help the snow slide off smoothly and reduce the pressure on the photovoltaic panel. In some cases, a higher angle (such as 40° or higher) is more conducive to the sliding of snow, because a steeper angle can reduce the time and opportunity for snow to adhere. In frosty weather, frost will accumulate on the surface of the photovoltaic array, affecting light absorption. In this case, properly adjusting the angle can help the frost fall off and restore the power generation efficiency of the array. For example, if the temperature drops below 0°C and there is snowfall, the control module will adjust the angle of the array to around 40°, which helps reduce the accumulation and adhesion of snow, thereby reducing the burden on the PV array and improving its long-term efficiency.

[0046] The extreme weather response module collaborates with the control module of the photovoltaic array to ensure that the system can respond intelligently to extreme weather conditions: such as real-time monitoring, algorithm judgment, and automatic adjustment. During real-time monitoring, sensors for wind speed, hail, and snow or frost will provide real-time data to the extreme weather response module. Based on these data, the module will determine whether the weather response mechanism needs to be activated. The algorithm judgment is that under each extreme weather condition, the control system analyzes the sensor data and the preset threshold to decide whether the array angle needs to be adjusted. Wind speed thresholds, hail size and frequency, snowfall, etc. will all be used as inputs to affect the final decision. During automatic adjustment, once weather conditions change, the system will automatically adjust the array angle to ensure that the impact of severe weather on the photovoltaic system is minimized.

[0047] Among them, the emergency shelter construction module includes an integrated energy storage unit and a power dispatching unit. The integrated energy storage unit stores the excess electric energy collected during the day to facilitate the supply of necessary electricity after a disaster; the power dispatching unit is used to ensure that electricity is used first for the infrastructure in the shelter.

[0048] It should be noted that the integrated energy storage unit of the present invention stores excess electrical energy collected during the day through renewable energy sources such as solar energy and wind energy. This part of the electrical energy is stored in a battery pack or other energy storage device (such as a supercapacitor or a hydrogen storage device). The energy collected by solar panels, wind turbines and other equipment will be converted into electricity during the day. The excess electrical energy is converted into direct current through an inverter and stored in a battery, or stored through other energy storage methods (such as compressed air energy storage). The capacity of the storage unit is planned according to the size of the shelter, the expected number of refugees and the power demand of the shelter's basic facilities. The stored electrical energy can be used to supply the basic equipment of the shelter after a disaster, especially when the power grid cannot be restored.

[0049] The power dispatch unit is responsible for the reasonable distribution of stored power after the disaster, ensuring that power is supplied to the infrastructure in the shelter first. Its goal is to optimize the use of power resources, avoid power waste, and maximize the protection of critical needs in the shelter under limited energy. Through the power dispatch unit, priorities can be set to ensure the power supply of key infrastructure such as lighting, communications, emergency equipment, ventilation systems, etc. The dispatch unit adjusts the distribution of power based on real-time power storage and consumption. For example, when the battery power is low, medical facilities or emergency communication equipment may be given priority, while non-emergency loads (such as air conditioners, electric water heaters, etc.) may be reduced or cut off. The power dispatch unit may be equipped with intelligent algorithms to automatically adjust the power supply by monitoring the battery power, load demand and equipment status through sensors. In addition, the dispatch system can also be controlled through remote operation or automatic mode to ensure stable and reliable power supply in the post-disaster environment.

[0050] The integrated energy storage unit and the power dispatch unit work together to form an intelligent power management system. In a highly integrated system, the integrated energy storage unit and the power dispatch unit need to be interconnected and share data so that power distribution can be adjusted according to demand. In natural disasters or emergencies, the power grid may be damaged, resulting in a long period of inability to restore power supply. Therefore, energy storage and power dispatch become key to ensuring the safety of shelter infrastructure and personnel. In addition to the integrated energy storage unit, standby emergency generators can also be used as a supplementary power source to cope with insufficient capacity of the energy storage system, especially in the absence of sunlight or wind.

[0051] The communication module also includes linkage with the local emergency communication network to ensure that people in the disaster area can obtain rescue information in time when a disaster occurs. The linkage between the communication module and the emergency rescue system is used to integrate with the local government's emergency response system to provide power support and temporary shelters in the disaster area. When disasters such as earthquakes occur, the system can automatically adjust. After the disaster occurs, the photovoltaic array can automatically adjust the angle through the built-in electric drive system to move the panel to a suitable tilt angle to serve as a shield for the temporary shelter. This adjustment not only helps to block the sun, but also prevents strong winds and rain from affecting people in the shelter.

[0052] It should be noted that the communication module of the present invention can be linked with the local emergency communication network (such as the national or local emergency communication platform) to ensure that the trapped people in the disaster area can quickly receive rescue information, early warning information and other relevant notifications when a disaster occurs. This includes timely releases such as emergency calls, text messages, broadcasts, etc. The communication module can help the people in the disaster area to communicate effectively with the outside world (such as rescue teams, governments, international organizations, etc.), provide feedback information or request more help. Integration with the local government's emergency response system: The communication module can be seamlessly connected with the local government's emergency response system to ensure that the disaster area information can be transmitted to the government and relevant rescue departments in real time. This means that key information such as the basic situation of the disaster area, the number of disaster victims, and the affected area can be uploaded at the first time, providing a basis for the government's decision-making and resource allocation. Optimize the dispatch of rescue resources: Through the linkage with the emergency rescue system, the communication module can help various rescue teams (such as firefighting, medical, rescue teams, etc.) to obtain the disaster situation in real time, optimize the dispatch of rescue resources, reduce rescue delays, and ensure the efficient conduct of rescue work. Disaster areas often experience power outages due to natural disasters (such as earthquakes, floods, typhoons, etc.). The communication module can be connected to the emergency power system (such as temporary generators, solar panels, etc.) to ensure that key communication equipment can obtain continuous power support in the disaster area. This function is crucial to ensure the circulation of rescue information, command and dispatch, and the basic living conditions of disaster victims. In the case that the overall power grid cannot be restored, the communication module can guide the establishment of temporary power supply points, such as rescue centers, temporary medical points, etc., to ensure the continued operation of key areas in the disaster area. The communication module can be integrated with the emergency response system to update the distribution, capacity, facilities, occupancy and other information of temporary shelters in the disaster area in real time. With the help of the communication module, temporary shelters in the disaster area can be managed intelligently, such as monitoring personnel flow, sanitary conditions, material needs, etc. through sensors, so as to quickly respond, adjust resource allocation, and improve the operating efficiency of the shelter.

[0053] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An optimization system for photovoltaic array positioning, characterized in that: include: Sensor module, used to monitor environmental conditions and the operating status of the photovoltaic array in real time, and provide various data required for system optimization; Positioning and positioning accuracy module, used to determine the exact position of the photovoltaic array; A driving and execution module, used to adjust the layout and angle of the photovoltaic array according to the output of the optimization algorithm; Communication module, used for real-time data exchange between various parts of the system; Data acquisition and processing module, used to collect data from various sensors and perform pre-processing; The optimization algorithm module is used to obtain the best layout of the photovoltaic array through the optimization algorithm based on the collected data; Extreme weather response module, used to analyze detection data and adjust the angle of the photovoltaic array to minimize damage to the photovoltaic matrix; The emergency shelter building module is used to adjust the bracket and structure of the photovoltaic array into the form of a temporary shelter when a natural disaster occurs.

2. The optimization system for photovoltaic array positioning according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sensor module includes a light sensor, a temperature sensor, a tilt angle sensor and a meteorological sensor. The light sensor is used to monitor the intensity of solar radiation in real time to help optimize the orientation and angle of the photovoltaic array; the temperature sensor monitors the temperature of the photovoltaic module and the surrounding environment; the tilt angle sensor is used to monitor the tilt angle and azimuth of the array to ensure that the angle of the photovoltaic array is always in the optimal position; the meteorological sensor is used to collect weather data and predict the changing trend of sunshine.

3. The optimization system for photovoltaic array positioning according to claim 2, characterized in that: The meteorological sensor includes a wind speed sensor and a hail sensor. The wind speed sensor is used to monitor the wind speed to ensure the stability of the array. The hail sensor uses radar or ultrasonic technology to detect the size and frequency of hail to determine whether angle adjustment is required.

4. The optimization system for photovoltaic array positioning according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a control module, which is used to receive data from the sensor and determine how to adjust the angle of the photovoltaic array according to a preset threshold and algorithm.

5. The optimization system for photovoltaic array positioning according to claim 4, characterized in that: The algorithm includes a wind threshold algorithm, a hail detection algorithm and an angle adjustment strategy; the wind threshold algorithm compares real-time wind speed data with a preset threshold to determine whether the wind exceeds a safe range; the hail detection algorithm predicts damage based on the intensity and frequency of hail and adjusts the array angle to avoid direct impact; the angle adjustment strategy controls and adjusts the angle of the photovoltaic array according to extreme weather conditions.

6. The optimization system for photovoltaic array positioning according to claim 1, characterized in that: The extreme weather response module is used for strong wind conditions, hail weather, and snow or frost conditions. Under strong wind conditions, the photovoltaic array reduces the contact area with the wind and reduces wind pressure; in hail weather, the photovoltaic array adjusts its angle to prevent hail from directly hitting the photovoltaic panel; in snow or frost weather, the photovoltaic array angle is adjusted to an angle that allows snow to slide naturally, reducing the impact of snow accumulation.

7. The optimization system for photovoltaic array positioning according to claim 1, characterized in that: The emergency shelter building module includes an integrated energy storage unit and a power dispatching unit. The integrated energy storage unit stores excess electrical energy collected during the day to facilitate the supply of necessary electricity after a disaster; the power dispatching unit is used to ensure that electricity is used first for infrastructure in the shelter.

8. The optimization system for photovoltaic array positioning according to claim 1, characterized in that: The communication module also includes linkage with the local emergency communication network to ensure that people in the disaster area can obtain rescue information in time when a disaster occurs.

9. The optimization system for photovoltaic array positioning according to claim 1, characterized in that: The communication module is linked with the emergency rescue system to integrate with the local government's emergency response system to provide power support and temporary shelters in disaster areas.