Devices, methods, and graphical user interfaces for user authentication and device management

Abstract

The disclosure relates to devices, methods, and graphical user interfaces for user authentication and device management. The present disclosure generally relates to user interfaces for electronic devices, including user interfaces for user authentication and device management.

Description

[0001] This application is a divisional application of the invention patent application with the application date of May 25, 2023, application number 202380043000.7, and invention name “Device, method and graphical user interface for user authentication and device management”.

[0002] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0003] This application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63 / 346,168, entitled “DEVICES, METHODS, AND GRAPHICALUSER INTERFACES FOR USER AUTHENTICATION AND DEVICE MANAGEMENT,” filed on May 26, 2022, and U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63 / 408,768, entitled “DEVICES, METHODS, AND GRAPHICALUSER INTERFACES FOR USER AUTHENTICATION AND DEVICE MANAGEMENT,” filed on September 21, 2022. The contents of each of these patent applications are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety. Technical Field

[0004] The present disclosure generally relates to computer systems that provide computer-generated experiences in communication with display generation components and, optionally, one or more input devices, including but not limited to electronic devices that provide virtual reality and mixed reality experiences via displays. Background Art

[0005] In recent years, the development of computer systems for augmented reality has increased significantly. Example augmented reality environments include at least some virtual elements that replace or enhance the physical world. Input devices for computer systems and other electronic computing devices (such as cameras, controllers, joysticks, touch-sensitive surfaces, and touchscreen displays) are used to interact with virtual / augmented reality environments. Example virtual elements include virtual objects such as digital images, videos, text, icons, and control elements (such as buttons and other graphics). Summary of the Invention

[0006] Some methods and interfaces for user authentication and device management on devices that display and / or provide at least some virtual elements (e.g., applications, augmented reality environments, mixed reality environments, and virtual reality environments) are cumbersome, inefficient, and limited. For example, systems that provide insufficient feedback for performing actions associated with virtual objects, systems that require a series of inputs to achieve desired results in an augmented reality environment, and systems where virtual object manipulation is complex, cumbersome, and error-prone can place a significant cognitive burden on users and detract from the experience of the virtual / augmented reality environment. In addition, these methods take longer than necessary, wasting the computer system's energy. This latter consideration is particularly important in battery-powered devices.

[0007] Therefore, there is a need for computing systems with improved methods and interfaces for providing user authentication and device management, thereby making interaction with a computer system more efficient and intuitive for users. Such methods and interfaces optionally supplement or replace conventional methods for providing user authentication and / or device management. Such methods and interfaces reduce the amount, extent, and / or nature of input from a user by helping the user understand the connection between the input provided and the device's response to those inputs, thereby forming a more efficient human-computer interface.

[0008] The above-mentioned defects and other problems associated with the user interface of the computer system are reduced or eliminated by the disclosed system. In some embodiments, the computer system is a desktop computer with an associated display. In some embodiments, the computer system is a portable device (e.g., a notebook computer, a tablet computer, or a handheld device). In some embodiments, the computer system is a personal electronic device (e.g., a wearable electronic device, such as a watch or a head-mounted device). In some embodiments, the computer system has a touch pad. In some embodiments, the computer system has one or more cameras. In some embodiments, the computer system has a touch-sensitive display (also referred to as a "touch screen" or "touch screen display"). In some embodiments, the computer system has one or more eye tracking components. In some embodiments, the computer system has one or more hand tracking components. In some embodiments, in addition to the display generation component, the computer system also has one or more output devices, which include one or more tactile output generators and / or one or more audio output devices. In some embodiments, the computer system has a graphical user interface (GUI), one or more processors, a memory, and one or more modules, a program or instruction set stored in the memory for performing multiple functions. In some embodiments, the user interacts with the GUI through contacts and gestures of a stylus and / or fingers on a touch-sensitive surface, movement of the user's eyes and hands in space relative to the GUI (and / or computer system) or the user's body (as captured by a camera and other motion sensors), and / or voice input (as captured by one or more audio input devices). In some embodiments, the functions performed by interaction optionally include image editing, drawing, presentations, word processing, spreadsheet creation, playing games, making and receiving calls, video conferencing, sending and receiving emails, instant messaging, test support, digital photography, digital video recording, web browsing, digital music playback, note-taking, and / or digital video playback. Executable instructions for performing these functions are optionally included in a transient and / or non-transient computer-readable storage medium or other computer program product configured for execution by one or more processors.

[0009] There is a need for electronic devices with improved methods and interfaces for user authentication and / or device management. Such methods and interfaces can supplement or replace conventional methods for user authentication and device management. Such methods and interfaces reduce the amount, extent, and / or nature of input from the user and produce a more efficient human-computer interface. For battery-powered computing devices, such methods and interfaces conserve power and increase the time between battery charges.

[0010] According to some embodiments, a method is described. The method includes: at a computer system in communication with one or more display generation components and one or more input devices: detecting a request to authenticate a user via the one or more input devices; in response to detecting the request to authenticate the user: displaying, via the one or more display generation components, a first authentication user interface comprising a first user interface object in a three-dimensional environment, wherein: the first user interface object is a viewpoint-locked object that remains within a corresponding area of ​​the user's field of view as the user's viewpoint shifts relative to the three-dimensional environment; and the first user interface object is part of a user interface for biometric authentication; and after displaying the first authentication user interface in the three-dimensional environment, performing a first authentication of the user; and in response to performing the first authentication of the user: based on determining that the first authentication of the user fails to authenticate the user, displaying, via the one or more display generation components, a second authentication user interface that is different from the first authentication user interface, wherein the second authentication user interface comprises a second user interface object that is an environment-locked object that moves out of the corresponding area of ​​the user's field of view as the user's viewpoint shifts relative to the three-dimensional environment.

[0011] According to some embodiments, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium is described. In some embodiments, the non-transitory computer-readable storage medium stores one or more programs configured to be executed by one or more processors of a computer system in communication with one or more display generation components and one or more input devices, the one or more programs including instructions for: detecting a request to authenticate a user via the one or more input devices; in response to detecting the request to authenticate the user: displaying, via the one or more display generation components, a first authentication user interface comprising a first user interface object in a three-dimensional environment, wherein: the first user interface object is a viewpoint-locked object that remains within a corresponding area of ​​the user's field of view as the user's viewpoint shifts relative to the three-dimensional environment; and the first user interface object is part of a user interface for biometric authentication; and after displaying the first authentication user interface in the three-dimensional environment, performing a first authentication of the user; and in response to performing the first authentication of the user: based on determining that the first authentication of the user fails to authenticate the user, displaying, via the one or more display generation components, a second authentication user interface that is different from the first authentication user interface, wherein the second authentication user interface includes a second user interface object that is an environment-locked object that moves out of the corresponding area of ​​the user's field of view as the user's viewpoint shifts relative to the three-dimensional environment.

[0012] According to some embodiments, a transient computer-readable storage medium is described. In some embodiments, the transient computer-readable storage medium stores one or more programs configured to be executed by one or more processors of a computer system in communication with one or more display generation components and one or more input devices, the one or more programs including instructions for: detecting a request to authenticate a user via the one or more input devices; in response to detecting the request to authenticate the user: displaying, via the one or more display generation components, a first authentication user interface comprising a first user interface object in a three-dimensional environment, wherein: the first user interface object is a viewpoint-locked object that remains within a corresponding area of ​​the user's field of view as the user's viewpoint shifts relative to the three-dimensional environment; and the first user interface object is part of a user interface for biometric authentication; and after displaying the first authentication user interface in the three-dimensional environment, performing a first authentication of the user; and in response to performing the first authentication of the user: based on determining that the first authentication of the user fails to authenticate the user, displaying, via the one or more display generation components, a second authentication user interface that is different from the first authentication user interface, wherein the second authentication user interface comprises a second user interface object that is an environment-locked object that moves out of the corresponding area of ​​the user's field of view as the user's viewpoint shifts relative to the three-dimensional environment.

[0013] According to some embodiments, a computer system is described. In some embodiments, the computer system is configured to communicate with one or more display generation components and one or more input devices, and the computer system includes: one or more processors; and a memory storing one or more programs configured to be executed by the one or more processors, the one or more programs including instructions for: detecting a request to authenticate a user via the one or more input devices; in response to detecting the request to authenticate the user: displaying, via the one or more display generation components, a first authentication user interface including a first user interface object in a three-dimensional environment, wherein: the first user interface object is a viewpoint-locked object that remains within a corresponding area of ​​the user's field of view as the user's viewpoint shifts relative to the three-dimensional environment; and the first user interface object is part of a user interface for biometric authentication; and after displaying the first authentication user interface in the three-dimensional environment, performing a first authentication of the user; and in response to performing the first authentication of the user: based on determining that the first authentication of the user fails to authenticate the user, displaying, via the one or more display generation components, a second authentication user interface different from the first authentication user interface, wherein the second authentication user interface includes a second user interface object that is an environment-locked object that moves out of the corresponding area of ​​the user's field of view as the user's viewpoint shifts relative to the three-dimensional environment.

[0014] According to some embodiments, a computer system is described. In some embodiments, the computer system is configured to communicate with one or more display generation components and one or more input devices, and the computer system includes: a component for detecting a request to authenticate a user via the one or more input devices; a component for: in response to detecting the request to authenticate the user: displaying, via the one or more display generation components, a first authentication user interface comprising a first user interface object in a three-dimensional environment, wherein: the first user interface object is a viewpoint-locked object that remains within a corresponding area of ​​the user's field of view as the user's viewpoint shifts relative to the three-dimensional environment; and the first user interface object is part of a user interface for biometric authentication; and a component for performing a first authentication of the user after displaying the first authentication user interface in the three-dimensional environment; and a component for: in response to performing the first authentication of the user: based on determining that the first authentication of the user failed to authenticate the user, displaying, via the one or more display generation components, a second authentication user interface that is different from the first authentication user interface, wherein the second authentication user interface includes a second user interface object that is an environment-locked object that moves out of the corresponding area of ​​the user's field of view as the user's viewpoint shifts relative to the three-dimensional environment.

[0015] According to some embodiments, a computer program product is described. In some embodiments, the computer program product includes one or more programs configured to be executed by one or more processors of a computer system in communication with one or more display generation components and one or more input devices, the one or more programs including instructions for: detecting a request to authenticate a user via the one or more input devices; in response to detecting the request to authenticate the user: displaying, via the one or more display generation components, a first authentication user interface comprising a first user interface object in a three-dimensional environment, wherein: the first user interface object is a viewpoint-locked object that remains within a corresponding area of ​​the user's field of view as the user's viewpoint shifts relative to the three-dimensional environment; and the first user interface object is part of a user interface for biometric authentication; and after displaying the first authentication user interface in the three-dimensional environment, performing a first authentication of the user; and in response to performing the first authentication of the user: based on determining that the first authentication of the user fails to authenticate the user, displaying, via the one or more display generation components, a second authentication user interface that is different from the first authentication user interface, wherein the second authentication user interface includes a second user interface object that is an environment-locked object that moves out of the corresponding area of ​​the user's field of view as the user's viewpoint shifts relative to the three-dimensional environment.

[0016] According to some embodiments, a method is described. The method includes: at a computer system in communication with one or more display generating components and one or more input devices: when the computer system is in a locked state, performing a first authentication of a user; and in response to performing the first authentication of the user: based on determining that the first authentication of the user successfully authenticates the user, transitioning the computer system from the locked state to an unlocked state in which a first set of features is accessible to the user; based on determining that the first authentication of the user fails to authenticate the user and a set of guest mode criteria are met, displaying a guest mode user interface object via the one or more display generating components, the guest mode user interface object being selectable to cause the computer system to enter a guest mode state in which a second set of features, different from the first set of features, is accessible to the user, wherein the first set of features includes one or more features not included in the second set of features; and based on determining that the first authentication of the user fails to authenticate the user and the set of guest mode criteria are not met, forgoing displaying the guest mode user interface object.

[0017] According to some embodiments, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium is described. In some embodiments, the non-transitory computer-readable storage medium stores one or more programs configured to be executed by one or more processors of a computer system in communication with one or more display generation components and one or more input devices, the one or more programs including instructions for the following operations: when the computer system is in a locked state, performing a first authentication of a user; and in response to performing the first authentication of the user: based on determining that the first authentication of the user successfully authenticates the user, transitioning the computer system from the locked state to an unlocked state in which a first set of features is accessible to the user; based on determining that the first authentication of the user fails to authenticate the user and a set of guest mode criteria are met, displaying a guest mode user interface object via the one or more display generation components, the guest mode user interface object being selectable to cause the computer system to enter a guest mode state in which a second set of features different from the first set of features is accessible to the user, wherein the first set of features includes one or more features not included in the second set of features; and based on determining that the first authentication of the user fails to authenticate the user and the set of guest mode criteria are not met, abandoning displaying the guest mode user interface object.

[0018] According to some embodiments, a transient computer-readable storage medium is described. In some embodiments, the transient computer-readable storage medium stores one or more programs configured to be executed by one or more processors of a computer system in communication with one or more display generation components and one or more input devices, the one or more programs including instructions for the following operations: when the computer system is in a locked state, performing a first authentication of a user; and in response to performing the first authentication of the user: based on determining that the first authentication of the user successfully authenticates the user, transitioning the computer system from the locked state to an unlocked state in which a first set of features is accessible to the user; based on determining that the first authentication of the user fails to authenticate the user and a set of guest mode criteria are met, displaying a guest mode user interface object via the one or more display generation components, the guest mode user interface object being selectable to cause the computer system to enter a guest mode state in which a second set of features different from the first set of features is accessible to the user, wherein the first set of features includes one or more features not included in the second set of features; and based on determining that the first authentication of the user fails to authenticate the user and the set of guest mode criteria are not met, abandoning displaying the guest mode user interface object.

[0019] According to some embodiments, a computer system is described. In some embodiments, the computer system is configured to communicate with one or more display generation components and one or more input devices, and the computer system includes: one or more processors; and a memory storing one or more programs configured to be executed by the one or more processors, the one or more programs including instructions for the following operations: when the computer system is in a locked state, performing a first authentication of a user; and in response to performing the first authentication of the user: based on determining that the first authentication of the user successfully authenticates the user, transitioning the computer system from the locked state to an unlocked state in which a first set of features is accessible to the user; based on determining that the first authentication of the user fails to authenticate the user and a set of guest mode criteria are met, displaying a guest mode user interface object via the one or more display generation components, the guest mode user interface object being selectable to cause the computer system to enter a guest mode state in which a second set of features different from the first set of features is accessible to the user, wherein the first set of features includes one or more features not included in the second set of features; and based on determining that the first authentication of the user fails to authenticate the user and the set of guest mode criteria are not met, abandoning display of the guest mode user interface object.

[0020] According to some embodiments, a computer system is described. In some embodiments, the computer system is configured to communicate with one or more display generation components and one or more input devices, and the computer system includes: a component for performing a first authentication of a user when the computer system is in a locked state; and a component for performing the following operations: in response to performing the first authentication of the user: based on determining that the first authentication of the user successfully authenticates the user, transitioning the computer system from the locked state to an unlocked state in which a first set of features can be accessed by the user; based on determining that the first authentication of the user fails to authenticate the user and a set of guest mode standards are met, displaying a guest mode user interface object via the one or more display generation components, the guest mode user interface object being selectable to cause the computer system to enter a guest mode state in which a second set of features different from the first set of features can be accessed by the user, wherein the first set of features includes one or more features not included in the second set of features; and based on determining that the first authentication of the user fails to authenticate the user and the set of guest mode standards are not met, abandoning displaying the guest mode user interface object.

[0021] According to some embodiments, a computer program product is described. In some embodiments, the computer program product includes one or more programs configured to be executed by one or more processors of a computer system in communication with one or more display generation components and one or more input devices, the one or more programs including instructions for the following operations: when the computer system is in a locked state, performing a first authentication of a user; and in response to performing the first authentication of the user: based on determining that the first authentication of the user successfully authenticates the user, transitioning the computer system from the locked state to an unlocked state in which a first set of features is accessible to the user; based on determining that the first authentication of the user fails to authenticate the user and a set of guest mode criteria are met, displaying a guest mode user interface object via the one or more display generation components, the guest mode user interface object being selectable to cause the computer system to enter a guest mode state in which a second set of features different from the first set of features is accessible to the user, wherein the first set of features includes one or more features not included in the second set of features; and based on determining that the first authentication of the user fails to authenticate the user and the set of guest mode criteria are not met, forgoing displaying the guest mode user interface object.

[0022] According to some embodiments, a method is described. The method includes: at a computer system in communication with one or more display generation components and one or more input devices: detecting, via the one or more input devices, that a first set of criteria is satisfied; in response to detecting that the first set of criteria is satisfied: based on determining that the computer system has detected a personalized accessory connected to the computer system and the computer system does not have corresponding biometric registration data for the personalized accessory, displaying, via the one or more display generation components, a first user interface prompting a user to provide biometric registration data corresponding to the personalized accessory; and based on determining that the computer system has not detected the personalized accessory connected to the computer system and the computer system does not have corresponding biometric registration data for the personalized accessory, forgoing displaying the first user interface.

[0023] According to some embodiments, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium is described. In some embodiments, the non-transitory computer-readable storage medium stores one or more programs configured to be executed by one or more processors of a computer system in communication with one or more display generation components and one or more input devices, the one or more programs including instructions for: detecting, via the one or more input devices, that a first set of criteria is satisfied; in response to detecting that the first set of criteria is satisfied: displaying, via the one or more display generation components, a first user interface prompting a user to provide biometric registration data corresponding to the personalized accessory based on a determination that the computer system has detected a personalized accessory connected to the computer system and that the computer system does not have corresponding biometric registration data for the personalized accessory; and forgoing displaying the first user interface based on a determination that the computer system has not detected a personalized accessory connected to the computer system and that the computer system does not have corresponding biometric registration data for the personalized accessory.

[0024] According to some embodiments, a transient computer-readable storage medium is described. In some embodiments, the transient computer-readable storage medium stores one or more programs configured to be executed by one or more processors of a computer system in communication with one or more display generation components and one or more input devices, the one or more programs including instructions for: detecting, via the one or more input devices, that a first set of criteria is satisfied; in response to detecting that the first set of criteria is satisfied: based on determining that the computer system has detected a personalized accessory connected to the computer system and the computer system does not have corresponding biometric registration data for the personalized accessory, displaying, via the one or more display generation components, a first user interface prompting a user to provide biometric registration data corresponding to the personalized accessory; and based on determining that the computer system has not detected the personalized accessory connected to the computer system and the computer system does not have corresponding biometric registration data for the personalized accessory, forgoing displaying the first user interface.

[0025] According to some embodiments, a computer system is described. In some embodiments, the computer system is configured to communicate with one or more display generation components and one or more input devices, and the computer system includes: one or more processors; and a memory storing one or more programs configured to be executed by the one or more processors, the one or more programs including instructions for: detecting, via the one or more input devices, that a first set of criteria is satisfied; in response to detecting that the first set of criteria is satisfied: based on determining that the computer system has detected a personalized accessory connected to the computer system and the computer system does not have corresponding biometric registration data for the personalized accessory, displaying, via the one or more display generation components, a first user interface prompting a user to provide biometric registration data corresponding to the personalized accessory; and based on determining that the computer system has not detected the personalized accessory connected to the computer system and the computer system does not have corresponding biometric registration data for the personalized accessory, forgoing displaying the first user interface.

[0026] According to some embodiments, a computer system is described. In some embodiments, the computer system is configured to communicate with one or more display generation components and one or more input devices, and the computer system includes: means for detecting, via the one or more input devices, that a first set of criteria is satisfied; means for: in response to detecting that the first set of criteria is satisfied: based on determining that the computer system has detected a personalized accessory connected to the computer system and the computer system does not have corresponding biometric registration data for the personalized accessory, displaying, via the one or more display generation components, a first user interface prompting a user to provide biometric registration data corresponding to the personalized accessory; and based on determining that the computer system has not detected the personalized accessory connected to the computer system and the computer system does not have corresponding biometric registration data for the personalized accessory, forgoing displaying the first user interface.

[0027] According to some embodiments, a computer program product is described. In some embodiments, the computer program product includes one or more programs configured to be executed by one or more processors of a computer system in communication with one or more display generation components and one or more input devices, the one or more programs including instructions for: detecting, via the one or more input devices, that a first set of criteria is satisfied; in response to detecting that the first set of criteria is satisfied: displaying, via the one or more display generation components, a first user interface prompting a user to provide biometric registration data corresponding to the personalized accessory based on a determination that the computer system has detected a personalized accessory connected to the computer system and the computer system does not have corresponding biometric registration data for the personalized accessory; and forgoing displaying the first user interface based on a determination that the computer system has not detected the personalized accessory connected to the computer system and the computer system does not have corresponding biometric registration data for the personalized accessory.

[0028] According to some embodiments, a method is described. The method includes: at a computer system in communication with one or more display generating components and one or more input devices: displaying, via the one or more display generating components, a settings user interface, including simultaneously displaying: a representation of a first personalization accessory associated with the computer system; and a representation of a second personalization accessory associated with the computer system and different from the first personalization accessory, wherein the representation of the first personalization accessory is visually distinguishable from the representation of the second personalization accessory in a manner indicating that biometric registration associated with the first personalization accessory has been completed and that biometric registration associated with the second personalization accessory has not been completed.

[0029] According to some embodiments, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium is described. In some embodiments, the non-transitory computer-readable storage medium stores one or more programs configured to be executed by one or more processors of a computer system in communication with one or more display generating components and one or more input devices, the one or more programs including instructions for: displaying, via the one or more display generating components, a settings user interface including simultaneously displaying: a representation of a first personalized accessory associated with the computer system; and a representation of a second personalized accessory associated with the computer system and different from the first personalized accessory, wherein the representation of the first personalized accessory is visually distinguishable from the representation of the second personalized accessory in a manner indicating that biometric registration associated with the first personalized accessory has been completed and that biometric registration associated with the second personalized accessory has not been completed.

[0030] According to some embodiments, a transient computer-readable storage medium is described. In some embodiments, the transient computer-readable storage medium stores one or more programs configured to be executed by one or more processors of a computer system in communication with one or more display generating components and one or more input devices, the one or more programs including instructions for: displaying, via the one or more display generating components, a settings user interface including simultaneously displaying: a representation of a first personalization accessory associated with the computer system; and a representation of a second personalization accessory associated with the computer system and different from the first personalization accessory, wherein the representation of the first personalization accessory is visually distinguishable from the representation of the second personalization accessory in a manner indicating that biometric registration associated with the first personalization accessory has been completed and that biometric registration associated with the second personalization accessory has not been completed.

[0031] According to some embodiments, a computer system is described. In some embodiments, the computer system is configured to communicate with one or more display generation components and one or more input devices, and the computer system includes: one or more processors; and a memory storing one or more programs configured to be executed by the one or more processors, the one or more programs including instructions for: displaying, via the one or more display generation components, a settings user interface, including simultaneously displaying: a representation of a first personalized accessory associated with the computer system; and a representation of a second personalized accessory associated with the computer system and different from the first personalized accessory, wherein the representation of the first personalized accessory is visually distinguishable from the representation of the second personalized accessory in a manner indicating that biometric registration associated with the first personalized accessory has been completed and biometric registration associated with the second personalized accessory has not been completed.

[0032] According to some embodiments, a computer system is described. In some embodiments, the computer system is configured to communicate with one or more display generating components and one or more input devices, and the computer system includes means for displaying, via the one or more display generating components, a settings user interface, including simultaneously displaying: a representation of a first personalization accessory associated with the computer system; and a representation of a second personalization accessory associated with the computer system and different from the first personalization accessory, wherein the representation of the first personalization accessory is visually distinguishable from the representation of the second personalization accessory in a manner indicating that biometric registration associated with the first personalization accessory has been completed and biometric registration associated with the second personalization accessory has not been completed.

[0033] According to some embodiments, a computer program product is described. In some embodiments, the computer program product includes one or more programs configured to be executed by one or more processors of a computer system in communication with one or more display generating components and one or more input devices, the one or more programs including instructions for: displaying, via the one or more display generating components, a settings user interface including simultaneously displaying: a representation of a first personalization accessory associated with the computer system; and a representation of a second personalization accessory associated with the computer system and different from the first personalization accessory, wherein the representation of the first personalization accessory is visually distinguishable from the representation of the second personalization accessory in a manner indicating that biometric registration associated with the first personalization accessory has been completed and biometric registration associated with the second personalization accessory has not been completed.

[0034] According to some embodiments, a method is described. The method includes: at a computer system in communication with one or more display generation components: detecting that a companion device satisfies a first set of criteria, the first set of criteria including a first criterion that is satisfied when the companion device has initiated a setup process; and in response to detecting that the companion device satisfies the first set of criteria: displaying a first quick launch user interface via the one or more display generation components of the computer system based on a determination that the companion device is in a first state; and displaying a second quick launch user interface different from the first quick launch user interface via the one or more display generation components of the computer system based on a determination that the companion device is in a second state different from the first state.

[0035] According to some embodiments, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium is described. In some embodiments, the non-transitory computer-readable storage medium stores one or more programs configured to be executed by one or more processors of a computer system in communication with one or more display generation components and one or more input devices, the one or more programs including instructions for the following operations: detecting that a companion device satisfies a first set of criteria, the first set of criteria including a first criterion satisfied when the companion device has initiated a setup process; and in response to detecting that the companion device satisfies the first set of criteria: displaying a first quick launch user interface via the one or more display generation components of the computer system based on determining that the companion device is in a first state; and displaying a second quick launch user interface different from the first quick launch user interface via the one or more display generation components of the computer system based on determining that the companion device is in a second state different from the first state.

[0036] According to some embodiments, a transient computer-readable storage medium is described. In some embodiments, the transient computer-readable storage medium stores one or more programs configured to be executed by one or more processors of a computer system in communication with one or more display generation components and one or more input devices, the one or more programs including instructions for the following operations: detecting that a companion device satisfies a first set of criteria, the first set of criteria including a first criterion satisfied when the companion device has initiated a setup process; and in response to detecting that the companion device satisfies the first set of criteria: displaying a first quick launch user interface via the one or more display generation components of the computer system based on determining that the companion device is in a first state; and displaying a second quick launch user interface different from the first quick launch user interface via the one or more display generation components of the computer system based on determining that the companion device is in a second state different from the first state.

[0037] According to some embodiments, a computer system is described. In some embodiments, the computer system is configured to communicate with one or more display generation components and one or more input devices, and the computer system includes: one or more processors; and a memory storing one or more programs configured to be executed by the one or more processors, the one or more programs including instructions for the following operations: detecting that a companion device satisfies a first set of criteria, the first set of criteria including a first criterion satisfied when the companion device has initiated a setup process; and in response to detecting that the companion device satisfies the first set of criteria: displaying a first quick launch user interface via the one or more display generation components of the computer system based on determining that the companion device is in a first state; and displaying a second quick launch user interface different from the first quick launch user interface via the one or more display generation components of the computer system based on determining that the companion device is in a second state different from the first state.

[0038] According to some embodiments, a computer system is described. In some embodiments, the computer system is configured to communicate with one or more display generation components and one or more input devices, and the computer system includes: a component for detecting that a companion device satisfies a first set of criteria, the first set of criteria including a first criterion that is satisfied when the companion device has initiated a setup process; and a component for: in response to detecting that the companion device satisfies the first set of criteria: displaying a first quick launch user interface via the one or more display generation components of the computer system based on a determination that the companion device is in a first state; and displaying a second quick launch user interface different from the first quick launch user interface via the one or more display generation components of the computer system based on a determination that the companion device is in a second state different from the first state.

[0039] According to some embodiments, a computer program product is described. In some embodiments, the computer program product includes one or more programs configured to be executed by one or more processors of a computer system in communication with one or more display generation components and one or more input devices, the one or more programs including instructions for the following operations: detecting that a companion device satisfies a first set of criteria, the first set of criteria including a first criterion satisfied when the companion device has initiated a setup process; and in response to detecting that the companion device satisfies the first set of criteria: displaying a first quick launch user interface via the one or more display generation components of the computer system based on determining that the companion device is in a first state; and displaying a second quick launch user interface different from the first quick launch user interface via the one or more display generation components of the computer system based on determining that the companion device is in a second state different from the first state.

[0040] According to some embodiments, a method is described. The method includes: at a computer system in communication with one or more display generation components and one or more input devices: displaying, via the one or more display generation components, a first set of user input instructions corresponding to a first type of operation as part of an input tutorial; after displaying the first set of user input instructions and while in the input tutorial, detecting, via the one or more input devices, a first user input, the first user input representing an attempt to perform an input corresponding to the first type of operation; and in response to detecting the first user input: based on determining that the first user input does not meet a first set of criteria corresponding to the first type of operation: abandoning performing the first type of operation; and initiating a process for advancing the input tutorial.

[0041] According to some embodiments, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium is described. In some embodiments, the non-transitory computer-readable storage medium stores one or more programs configured to be executed by one or more processors of a computer system in communication with one or more display generation components and one or more input devices, the one or more programs including instructions for the following operations: displaying a first set of user input instructions corresponding to a first type of operation as part of an input tutorial via the one or more display generation components; after displaying the first set of user input instructions and while in the input tutorial, detecting a first user input via the one or more input devices, the first user input representing an attempt to perform an input corresponding to the first type of operation; and in response to detecting the first user input: based on determining that the first user input does not meet a first set of criteria corresponding to the first type of operation: abandoning the performance of the first type of operation; and initiating a process for advancing the input tutorial.

[0042] According to some embodiments, a transient computer-readable storage medium is described. In some embodiments, the transient computer-readable storage medium stores one or more programs configured to be executed by one or more processors of a computer system in communication with one or more display generation components and one or more input devices, the one or more programs including instructions for: displaying a first set of user input instructions corresponding to a first type of operation as part of an input tutorial via the one or more display generation components; after displaying the first set of user input instructions and while in the input tutorial, detecting a first user input via the one or more input devices, the first user input representing an attempt to perform an input corresponding to the first type of operation; and in response to detecting the first user input: based on determining that the first user input does not meet a first set of criteria corresponding to the first type of operation: abandoning the performance of the first type of operation; and initiating a process for advancing the input tutorial.

[0043] According to some embodiments, a computer system is described. In some embodiments, the computer system is configured to communicate with one or more display generation components and one or more input devices, and the computer system includes: one or more processors; and a memory storing one or more programs configured to be executed by the one or more processors, the one or more programs including instructions for the following operations: displaying a first set of user input instructions corresponding to a first type of operation as part of an input tutorial via the one or more display generation components; after displaying the first set of user input instructions and while in the input tutorial, detecting a first user input via the one or more input devices, the first user input representing an attempt to perform an input corresponding to the first type of operation; and in response to detecting the first user input: based on determining that the first user input does not meet a first set of criteria corresponding to the first type of operation: abandoning the performance of the first type of operation; and initiating a process for advancing the input tutorial.

[0044] According to some embodiments, a computer system is described. In some embodiments, the computer system is configured to communicate with one or more display generation components and one or more input devices, and the computer system includes: means for displaying, via the one or more display generation components, a first set of user input instructions corresponding to a first type of operation as part of an input tutorial; means for detecting, via the one or more input devices, a first user input after displaying the first set of user input instructions and while in the input tutorial, the first user input representing an attempt to perform an input corresponding to the first type of operation; means for, in response to detecting the first user input: based on determining that the first user input does not meet a first set of criteria corresponding to the first type of operation: abandoning the performance of the first type of operation; and initiating a process for advancing the input tutorial.

[0045] According to some embodiments, a computer program product is described. In some embodiments, the computer program product includes one or more programs configured to be executed by one or more processors of a computer system in communication with one or more display generating components and one or more input devices, the one or more programs including instructions for: displaying, via the one or more display generating components, a first set of user input instructions corresponding to a first type of operation as part of an input tutorial; after displaying the first set of user input instructions and while in the input tutorial, detecting, via the one or more input devices, a first user input, the first user input representing an attempt to perform an input corresponding to the first type of operation; and in response to detecting the first user input: based on determining that the first user input does not meet a first set of criteria corresponding to the first type of operation: abandoning performing the first type of operation; and initiating a process for advancing the input tutorial.

[0046] According to some embodiments, a method is described. The method includes: at a computer system in communication with one or more display generating components and one or more input devices: detecting a first event; and in response to detecting the first event while the one or more display generating components are in a corresponding spatial relationship to one or more eyes of a user: based on determining that corrective lens criteria are met, wherein the corrective lens criteria include one or more criteria regarding corrective lens information corresponding to one or more corrective lenses, the one or more corrective lenses being used to modify content visible via the one or more display generating components while the one or more display generating components are in a corresponding spatial relationship to the one or more eyes of the user: displaying, via the one or more display generating components, a corrective lens management user interface including user interface elements of the computer system associated with the one or more corrective lenses; and based on determining that the corrective lens criteria are not met, forgoing displaying the corrective lens management user interface.

[0047] According to some embodiments, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium is described. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium stores one or more programs configured to be executed by one or more processors of a computer system in communication with one or more display generating components and one or more input devices, the one or more programs comprising instructions for: detecting a first event; and in response to detecting the first event while the one or more display generating components have a corresponding spatial relationship to one or more eyes of a user: modifying content visible via the one or more display generating components when the one or more display generating components have a corresponding spatial relationship based on determining that corrective lens criteria are met, wherein the corrective lens criteria include one or more criteria regarding corrective lens information corresponding to one or more corrective lenses, the one or more corrective lenses being used to modify content visible via the one or more display generating components when the one or more display generating components have a corresponding spatial relationship to the one or more eyes of the user: displaying a corrective lens management user interface via the one or more display generating components, the corrective lens management user interface including user interface elements of the computer system associated with the one or more corrective lenses; and in response to determining that the corrective lens criteria are not met, forgoing displaying the corrective lens management user interface.

[0048] According to some embodiments, a transient computer-readable storage medium is described. The transient computer-readable storage medium stores one or more programs configured to be executed by one or more processors of a computer system in communication with one or more display generating components and one or more input devices, the one or more programs comprising instructions for: detecting a first event; and in response to detecting the first event while the one or more display generating components have a corresponding spatial relationship to one or more eyes of a user: modifying content visible via the one or more display generating components when the one or more display generating components have a corresponding spatial relationship based on determining that corrective lens criteria are met, wherein the corrective lens criteria include one or more criteria regarding corrective lens information corresponding to one or more corrective lenses, the one or more corrective lenses being used to modify content visible via the one or more display generating components when the one or more display generating components have a corresponding spatial relationship to the one or more eyes of the user: displaying a corrective lens management user interface via the one or more display generating components, the corrective lens management user interface including user interface elements of the computer system associated with the one or more corrective lenses; and in response to determining that the corrective lens criteria are not met, forgoing displaying the corrective lens management user interface.

[0049] According to some embodiments, a computer system is described. The computer system is configured to communicate with one or more display generating components and one or more input devices, and includes: one or more processors; and a memory storing one or more programs configured to be executed by the one or more processors, the one or more programs including instructions for: detecting a first event; and in response to detecting the first event while the one or more display generating components are in a corresponding spatial relationship to one or more eyes of a user: modifying content visible via the one or more display generating components when the one or more display generating components are in a corresponding spatial relationship based on determining that corrective lens criteria are met, wherein the corrective lens criteria include one or more criteria regarding corrective lens information corresponding to one or more corrective lenses, the one or more corrective lenses being used to modify content visible via the one or more display generating components when the one or more display generating components are in a corresponding spatial relationship to the one or more eyes of the user: displaying a corrective lens management user interface via the one or more display generating components, the corrective lens management user interface including user interface elements of the computer system associated with the one or more corrective lenses; and in response to determining that the corrective lens criteria are not met, forgoing displaying the corrective lens management user interface.

[0050] According to some embodiments, a computer system is described. The computer system is configured to communicate with one or more display generating components and one or more input devices, and includes: means for detecting a first event; and means for: in response to detecting the first event while the one or more display generating components are in a corresponding spatial relationship to one or more eyes of a user: based on determining that corrective lens criteria are met, wherein the corrective lens criteria include one or more criteria regarding corrective lens information corresponding to one or more corrective lenses, the one or more corrective lenses being used to modify content visible via the one or more display generating components while the one or more display generating components are in a corresponding spatial relationship to the one or more eyes of the user: displaying, via the one or more display generating components, a corrective lens management user interface including user interface elements of the computer system associated with the one or more corrective lenses; and based on determining that the corrective lens criteria are not met, forgoing displaying the corrective lens management user interface.

[0051] According to some embodiments, a computer program product is described. The computer program product includes one or more programs configured to be executed by one or more processors of a computer system in communication with one or more display generating components and one or more input devices, the one or more programs including instructions for: detecting a first event; and in response to detecting the first event while the one or more display generating components are in a corresponding spatial relationship to one or more eyes of a user: modifying content visible via the one or more display generating components when the one or more display generating components are in a corresponding spatial relationship based on determining that corrective lens criteria are met, wherein the corrective lens criteria include one or more criteria regarding corrective lens information corresponding to one or more corrective lenses, the one or more corrective lenses being used to modify content visible via the one or more display generating components when the one or more display generating components are in a corresponding spatial relationship to the one or more eyes of the user: displaying a corrective lens management user interface via the one or more display generating components, the corrective lens management user interface including user interface elements of the computer system associated with the one or more corrective lenses; and in response to determining that the corrective lens criteria are not met, forgoing displaying the corrective lens management user interface.

[0052] In some embodiments, a computer system displays a set of controls associated with controlling playback of media content (e.g., transport controls and / or other types of controls) in response to detecting a user's gaze and / or gesture. In some embodiments, the computer system initially displays a first set of controls in a reduced salience state (e.g., with reduced visual salience) in response to detecting a first input, and then displays a second set of controls (which optionally includes additional controls) in an increased salience state in response to detecting a second input. In this manner, the computer system optionally provides feedback to the user that the user has begun to invoke display of controls without unduly distracting the user from the content (e.g., by initially displaying the controls in a less visually salient manner), and then, based on detecting a user input indicating that the user wishes to further interact with the controls, displays the controls in a more visually salient manner to allow for easier and more accurate interaction with the computer system.

[0053] It should be noted that the various embodiments described above can be combined with any other embodiment described herein. The features and advantages described in this specification are not comprehensive. In particular, many additional features and advantages will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the drawings, the specification, and the claims. In addition, it should be noted that the language used in this specification has been selected in principle for readability and instructional purposes, and may not be selected to describe or define the subject matter of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0054] For a better understanding of the various described embodiments, reference should be made to the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the following drawings, wherein like reference numerals designate corresponding parts throughout the several views.

[0055] Figure 1A is a block diagram illustrating an operating environment for a computer system for providing an XR experience according to some embodiments.

[0056] Figure 1B to Figure 1P is used in Figure 1A An example of a computer system that provides an XR experience in an operating environment.

[0057] Figure 2 is a block diagram illustrating a controller of a computer system configured to manage and coordinate a user's XR experience according to some embodiments.

[0058] Figure 3 is a block diagram illustrating display generation components of a computer system configured to provide a visual component of an XR experience to a user, according to some embodiments.

[0059] Figure 4is a block diagram illustrating a hand tracking unit of a computer system configured to capture gesture input from a user according to some embodiments.

[0060] Figure 5 is a block diagram illustrating an eye tracking unit of a computer system configured to capture gaze input from a user according to some embodiments.

[0061] Figure 6 is a flow chart illustrating a flash-assisted gaze tracking pipeline according to some embodiments.

[0062] 7A to 7O Example techniques for user authentication according to some embodiments are shown.

[0063] Figure 8A is a flow chart of a user authentication method according to various embodiments.

[0064] Figure 8B is a flow chart of a user authentication method according to various embodiments.

[0065] Figures 9A to 9M Example techniques for registering and managing personalized accessories for one or more users of a computer system are shown, according to some embodiments.

[0066] Figure 10A is a flow chart of a method of registering personalized accessories for one or more users of a computer system, according to various embodiments.

[0067] Figure 10B is a flowchart of a method of managing personalized accessories for one or more users of a computer system, according to various embodiments.

[0068] Figures 11A to 11H Example techniques for setting up a computer system according to some embodiments are shown.

[0069] Figure 12 is a flowchart of a method of setting up a computer system according to various embodiments.

[0070] Figures 13A to 13X Example techniques for providing input tutorials are shown according to some embodiments.

[0071] Figure 14 is a flow chart of a method of providing an input tutorial according to some embodiments.

[0072] Figures 15A to 15Q Example techniques for managing personal accessories are shown according to some embodiments.

[0073] Figure 16 is a flowchart of a method for managing personal accessories. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0074] According to some embodiments, the present disclosure relates to a user interface for providing an extended reality (XR) experience to a user.

[0075] The systems, methods, and GUIs described herein improve user interface interactions with virtual / augmented reality environments in several ways.

[0076] In some embodiments, the computer system displays a first authentication user interface including one or more viewpoint-locked objects in a three-dimensional environment. For example, in some embodiments, the one or more viewpoint-locked objects include a viewpoint-locked gaze target for the user to view so that the computer system performs eye-based authentication. By displaying a viewpoint-locked gaze target that remains stationary within the user's field of view, the user is more inclined to view the gaze target to achieve more accurate eye-based user authentication. In some embodiments, if the user's initial authentication does not successfully authenticate the user, the computer system displays a second authentication user interface including one or more environment-locked objects within the three-dimensional environment. For example, in some embodiments, the second authentication user interface is a password input user interface that includes one or more keys for the environment-locked objects. The environment-locked password input user interface allows the user to more intuitively interact with the password input user interface to enter password information.

[0077] In some embodiments, when the computer system is in a locked state, the computer system performs a first authentication of the user (e.g., biometric authentication of the user and / or non-biometric authentication of the user (e.g., authentication based on a password and / or passcode)). If the user's authentication fails, the computer system determines whether the guest mode criteria are met. If the guest mode criteria are met, the computer system displays an option that can be selected by the user to operate the computer system in guest mode. In some embodiments, guest mode represents a restricted user experience that allows the user to use the computer system, but with fewer features and / or functions available. If the guest mode criteria are not met, the computer system does not display the option to operate the computer system in guest mode. By selectively displaying the guest mode option only when the guest mode criteria are met, the computer system prevents unauthorized users from accessing sensitive data.

[0078] In some embodiments, a computer system determines whether a personalized accessory is connected to the computer system, and if the personalized accessory is connected, the computer system further determines whether the computer system has biometric registration data for the personalized accessory. For example, in some embodiments, the personalized accessory includes one or more optical lenses (e.g., prescription optical lenses or non-prescription optical lenses), and the biometric registration data includes gaze tracking registration data and / or eye-based biometric authentication data corresponding to the optical lenses. If the computer system detects a personalized accessory for which the computer system does not have corresponding biometric registration data, the computer system displays a user interface prompting the user to provide biometric registration data corresponding to the personalized accessory. If the computer system does not detect a personalized accessory for which the computer system does not have corresponding biometric registration data (e.g., the computer system does not detect the personalized accessory or the computer system detects that the computer system already has corresponding biometric registration data), the computer system does not display the user interface. By ensuring that the computer system has biometric registration data for the personalized accessory before the user uses the personalized accessory, the computer system ensures that the user input received from the user is accurate and that the user does not mistakenly provide incorrect or problematic input due to the personalized accessory not being properly configured.

[0079] In some embodiments, a computer system displays a setup user interface in which a representation of a first personalized accessory (e.g., a first set of optical lenses (e.g., prescription optical lenses or non-prescription optical lenses)) is displayed simultaneously with a representation of a second personalized accessory (e.g., a second set of optical lenses). The representation of the first personalized accessory is visually distinguished from the representation of the second personalized accessory in a manner that indicates that biometric registration associated with the first personalized accessory has been completed and biometric registration associated with the second personalized accessory has not yet been completed. Displaying a setup user interface in which the representation of the first personalized accessory is displayed in a manner that indicates that biometric registration associated with the first personalized accessory has been completed and the representation of the second personalized accessory is displayed in a manner that indicates that biometric registration associated with the second personalized accessory has not yet been completed provides the user with visual feedback about the status of the device (e.g., biometric registration has been completed for the first personalized accessory but has not yet been completed for the second personalized accessory), thereby providing improved visual feedback to the user. In addition, by ensuring that the computer system has biometric registration data for the personalized accessory before the user uses the personalized accessory, it is ensured that user input received from the user is accurate and that the user does not mistakenly provide incorrect or problematic input due to the personalized accessory being incorrectly configured.

[0080] In some embodiments, the computer system detects that a companion device is being set up and further determines whether the companion device is in a first state or a second state. For example, in some embodiments, the first state is a "worn" state in which the companion device is being worn by a user, and the second state is a "not worn" state in which the companion device is not being worn by the user. If the companion device is in the first state, the computer system displays a first quick launch user interface, and if the companion device is in the second state, the computer system displays a second quick launch user interface. For example, in some embodiments, if the user is wearing the companion device, the computer system displays a first quick launch user interface that provides an indication of when the companion device is being worn, and if the user is not wearing the companion device, the computer system displays a second quick launch user interface that instructs the user to wear the companion device. Displaying the first quick launch user interface when the companion device is in the first state and displaying the second quick launch user interface when the companion device is in the second state enhances the operability of the device and makes the user-device interface more efficient by helping the user provide appropriate input and reducing user errors when operating / interacting with the device (e.g., by providing appropriate feedback and / or instructions when the companion device is in the first state or in the second state).

[0081] In some embodiments, the computer system displays a first set of user input instructions corresponding to a first type of operation as part of an input tutorial. For example, the computer system displays instructions that guide the user on how to perform a first type of user input to interact with one or more virtual objects (e.g., a graphical user interface object) as part of an input tutorial. After displaying the first set of user input instructions, the computer system detects a first user input representing an attempt to perform an input corresponding to the first type of operation. For example, in some embodiments, the computer system guides the user to attempt to perform the first type of user input based on the provided instructions. If the user correctly performs the first type of user input (e.g., based on determining that the first user input meets a first set of criteria corresponding to the first type of operation), the computer system performs the first type of operation and also initiates a process for advancing the input tutorial. For example, in some embodiments, once the user correctly performs the first type of user input, the computer system displays an indication that the user correctly performs the first type of user input, and then displays a second set of user input instructions corresponding to the second type of operation.

[0082] In some embodiments, the computer system detects an event. For example, in some embodiments, the first event includes detecting that the computer system has been worn by a user (e.g., on the user's head and / or face) and / or has been placed on the user's body. In some embodiments, detecting the first event includes detecting one or more user inputs (e.g., one or more touch inputs, one or more gestures, one or more mid-air gestures, one or more gaze-based inputs, and / or one or more hardware control inputs). In response to detecting the first event (e.g., when the computer system is worn on the user's body), based on determining that the corrective lens criteria are met, the computer system displays a corrective lens management user interface that includes user interface elements associated with one or more corrective lenses of the computer system. In response to detecting the first event, based on determining that the corrective lens criteria are not met, the computer system forgoes displaying the corrective lens management user interface. For example, in some embodiments, the corrective lens management user interface indicates that a device calibration profile has been applied to the computer system based on whether one or more corrective lenses are attached to the computer system or not attached to the computer system. In some embodiments, the corrective lens management user interface includes one or more selectable options that correspond to different sets of corrective lenses registered on the computer system and that can be selected by the user to apply a specific device calibration profile corresponding to the selected set of corrective lenses. In this way, the user can switch between different device calibration profiles based on which corrective lenses are attached to the computer system and / or based on which corrective lenses are not attached to the computer system, as appropriate. Figure 6 A description of an example computer system for providing an XR experience to a user is provided. 7A to 7O Example techniques for user authentication according to some embodiments are shown. Figure 8A is a flow chart of a user authentication method according to various embodiments. Figure 8B is a flow chart of a user authentication method according to various embodiments. 7A to 7O The user interface in Figure 8A and Figure 8B in the process. Figures 9A to 9M Example techniques for registering and managing personalized accessories for a computer system are shown according to some embodiments. Figure 10A is a flow chart of a method of registering personalized accessories for one or more users of a computer system, according to various embodiments. Figure 10B is a flowchart of a method of managing personalized accessories for one or more users of a computer system, according to various embodiments. Figures 9A to 9M The user interface in Figure 10A and Figure 10B in the process. Figures 11A to 11HExample techniques for setting up a computer system according to some embodiments are shown. Figure 12 is a flowchart of a method of setting up a computer system according to various embodiments. Figures 11A to 11H The user interface in Figure 12 in the process. Figures 13A to 13X Example techniques for providing input tutorials are shown according to some embodiments. Figure 14 is a flow chart of a method of providing an input tutorial according to various embodiments. Figures 13A to 13X The user interface in Figure 14 in the process. Figures 15A to 15Q Example techniques for managing personal accessories are shown according to some embodiments. Figure 16 is a flow chart of a method of managing personal accessories according to some embodiments. Figures 15A to 15Q The user interface in Figure 16 in the process.

[0083] The processes described below enhance the operability of the device and make the user-device interface more efficient (e.g., by helping the user provide appropriate input and reducing user errors when operating / interacting with the device) through various techniques, including by providing improved visual feedback to the user, reducing the number of inputs required to perform an operation, providing additional control options without cluttering the user interface with additional display controls, performing an operation without further user input when a set of conditions have been met, improving privacy and / or security, providing a richer, more detailed, and / or more realistic user experience while saving storage space, and / or additional techniques. These techniques also reduce power usage and extend the battery life of the device by enabling the user to use the device faster and more efficiently. This saves battery power and, therefore, weight, improving the ergonomics of the device. These techniques also enable real-time communication, allow the use of fewer and / or less precise sensors, resulting in a more compact, lighter, and less expensive device, and enable the device to be used in a variety of lighting conditions. These techniques reduce energy usage and thereby reduce the heat emitted by the device, which is particularly important for wearable devices where if the device generates too much heat well within the operating parameters of the device components, it may become uncomfortable for the user to wear the device.

[0084] In addition, in the method described herein where one or more steps depend on having met one or more conditions, it should be understood that the method can be repeated in multiple repetitions so that in the process of repetition, all conditions of the steps in the method of determining the method have been met in different repetitions of the method. For example, if the method needs to perform the first step (if the condition is met), and perform the second step (if the condition is not met), then those of ordinary skill will know that the steps stated are repeated until both the condition is met and the condition is not met (in no particular order). Therefore, the method described as having one or more steps depending on having met one or more conditions can be rewritten as a method of repeating until each condition described in the method is met. However, this does not require a system or computer-readable medium to declare that the system or computer-readable medium includes instructions for performing a contingent operation based on the satisfaction of the corresponding one or more conditions, and is therefore able to determine whether a possible situation has been met without explicitly repeating the steps of the method until all conditions of the steps in the method of determining the method have been met. Those of ordinary skill in the art will also understand that, similar to the method with a contingent step, a system or computer-readable storage medium can repeat the steps of the method as needed multiple times to ensure that all contingent steps have been performed.

[0085] In some embodiments, as Figure 1A As shown, an XR experience is provided to a user via an operating environment 100 including a computer system 101. The computer system 101 includes a controller 110 (e.g., a processor of a portable electronic device or a remote server), a display generation component 120 (e.g., a head-mounted device (HMD), a display, a projector, a touch screen, etc.), one or more input devices 125 (e.g., an eye tracking device 130, a hand tracking device 140, other input devices 150), one or more output devices 155 (e.g., a speaker 160, a tactile output generator 170, and other output devices 180), one or more sensors 190 (e.g., an image sensor, a light sensor, a depth sensor, a tactile sensor, an orientation sensor, a proximity sensor, a temperature sensor, a position sensor, a motion sensor, a speed sensor, etc.), and optionally one or more peripheral devices 195 (e.g., a household appliance, a wearable device, etc.). In some embodiments, one or more of the input device 125, the output device 155, the sensor 190, and the peripheral device 195 are integrated with the display generation component 120 (e.g., in a head-mounted device or a handheld device).

[0086] When describing an XR experience, various terms are used to distinctly refer to several related but distinct environments that a user can sense and / or with which the user can interact (e.g., using inputs detected by the computer system 101 generating the XR experience, which inputs cause the computer system generating the XR experience to generate audio, visual, and / or haptic feedback corresponding to the various inputs provided to the computer system 101). The following is a subset of these terms:

[0087] Physical Environment: The physical environment refers to the physical world that people can sense and / or interact with without the aid of electronic systems. A physical environment, such as a physical park, includes physical objects, such as physical trees, physical buildings, and physical people. People can directly sense and / or interact with the physical environment, such as through sight, touch, hearing, taste, and smell.

[0088] Extended Reality: In contrast, an extended reality (XR) environment refers to a fully or partially simulated environment that people sense and / or interact with via electronic systems. In XR, a subset of a person's physical movements, or representations thereof, is tracked, and in response, one or more properties of one or more virtual objects simulated in the XR environment are adjusted in a manner consistent with at least one law of physics. For example, an XR system can detect a person's head rotation and, in response, adjust the graphical content and sound field presented to the person in a manner similar to how such views and sounds change in a physical environment. In some cases (e.g., for accessibility reasons), adjustments to the properties of virtual objects in the XR environment can be made in response to representations of physical movement (e.g., voice commands). People can sense and / or interact with XR objects using any of their senses, including vision, hearing, touch, taste, and smell. For example, people can sense and / or interact with audio objects, which create a 3D or spatial audio environment that provides the perception of a point audio source in 3D space. As another example, audio objects can enable audio transparency, which selectively introduces ambient sounds from the physical environment with or without computer-generated audio. In some XR environments, people can sense and / or interact only with audio objects.

[0089] Examples of XR include virtual reality and mixed reality.

[0090] Virtual Reality: A virtual reality (VR) environment is a simulated environment designed to be based entirely on computer-generated sensory input to one or more senses. A VR environment includes multiple virtual objects that a person can sense and / or interact with. For example, trees, buildings, and computer-generated images representing human avatars are examples of virtual objects. A person can sense and / or interact with virtual objects in a VR environment through the simulation of the person's presence within the computer-generated environment and / or through the simulation of a subset of the person's physical movement within the computer-generated environment.

[0091] Mixed Reality: In contrast to VR environments, which are designed to be based entirely on computer-generated sensory input, a mixed reality (MR) environment refers to a simulated environment that is designed to include sensory input from the physical environment, or representations thereof, in addition to computer-generated sensory input (e.g., virtual objects). On the virtuality continuum, a mixed reality environment is anything between, but not including, a fully physical environment at one end and a virtual reality environment at the other. In some MR environments, computer-generated sensory input can respond to changes in sensory input from the physical environment. In addition, some electronic systems used to render MR environments can track position and / or orientation relative to the physical environment to enable virtual objects to interact with real objects (i.e., physical items from the physical environment, or representations thereof). For example, the system can cause motion so that virtual trees appear stationary relative to the physical ground.

[0092] Examples of mixed reality include augmented reality and augmented virtuality.

[0093] Augmented Reality: An augmented reality (AR) environment refers to a simulated environment in which one or more virtual objects are superimposed on a physical environment or a representation of a physical environment. For example, an electronic system for presenting an AR environment may have a transparent or translucent display through which a person can directly view the physical environment. The system can be configured to present virtual objects on a transparent or translucent display so that a person uses the system to perceive the virtual objects superimposed on the physical environment. Alternatively, the system may have an opaque display and one or more imaging sensors that capture images or videos of the physical environment, which are representations of the physical environment. The system combines the images or videos with the virtual objects and presents the combination on the opaque display. A person uses the system to indirectly view the physical environment via the images or videos of the physical environment and perceives the virtual objects superimposed on the physical environment. As used herein, a video of the physical environment displayed on an opaque display is referred to as "transparent video," meaning that the system uses one or more image sensors to capture images of the physical environment and uses those images when presenting the AR environment on the opaque display. Further alternatively, the system may have a projection system that projects virtual objects into a physical environment, such as as holograms or on a physical surface, so that a person using the system perceives virtual objects superimposed on the physical environment. An augmented reality environment also refers to a simulated environment in which a representation of a physical environment is transformed by computer-generated sensory information. For example, in providing a pass-through video, the system may transform one or more sensor images to apply a selected perspective (e.g., a viewpoint) that is different from the perspective captured by the imaging sensor. For another example, the representation of the physical environment may be transformed by graphically modifying (e.g., enlarging) a portion thereof so that the modified portion may be a representative but not real version of the original captured image. For another example, the representation of the physical environment may be transformed by graphically eliminating a portion thereof or blurring a portion thereof.

[0094] Augmented Virtual: An augmented virtual (AV) environment is a simulated environment in which a virtual or computer-generated environment incorporates one or more sensory inputs from the physical environment. The sensory input can be a representation of one or more characteristics of the physical environment. For example, an AV park can have virtual trees and virtual buildings, but people's faces are realistically reproduced from images of physical people. In another example, a virtual object can adopt the shape or color of a physical object imaged by one or more imaging sensors. In another example, a virtual object can adopt a shadow that matches the position of the sun in the physical environment.

[0095] In an augmented reality, mixed reality, or virtual reality environment, a view of a three-dimensional environment is visible to a user. The view of the three-dimensional environment is typically visible to the user through a virtual viewport via one or more display generation components (e.g., a display or a pair of display modules that provide stereoscopic content to different eyes of the same user), and the virtual viewport has a viewport boundary that defines the extent to which the three-dimensional environment is visible to the user via the one or more display generation components. In some embodiments, the area defined by the viewport boundary is smaller than the user's visual range in one or more dimensions (e.g., based on the user's visual range, the size, optical properties, or other physical properties of the one or more display generation components, and / or the position and / or orientation of the one or more display generation components relative to the user's eyes). In some embodiments, the area defined by the viewport boundary is larger than the user's visual range in one or more dimensions (e.g., based on the user's visual range, the size, optical properties, or other physical properties of the one or more display generation components, and / or the position and / or orientation of the one or more display generation components relative to the user's eyes). The viewport and viewport boundary typically move with the movement of the one or more display generation components (e.g., with the user's head for a head-mounted device, or with the user's hand for a handheld device such as a tablet or smartphone). The user's viewpoint determines what is visible in the viewport. The viewpoint generally specifies a position and orientation relative to the three-dimensional environment, and as the viewpoint shifts, the view of the three-dimensional environment will also shift in the viewport. For head-mounted devices, the viewpoint is typically based on the position and orientation of the user's head, face, and / or eyes to provide a view of the three-dimensional environment that is perceptually accurate and provides an immersive experience when the user is using the head-mounted device. For handheld or fixed devices, the viewpoint moves as the handheld or fixed device moves and / or as the user's position relative to the handheld or fixed device changes (e.g., the user moves toward, away from, up, down, right, and / or left). For devices that include display generation components with virtual pass-through, the portion of the physical environment that is visible (e.g., displayed and / or projected) via one or more display generation components is based on the field of view of one or more cameras in communication with the display generation components, which one or more cameras typically move with movement of the display generation components (e.g., with movement of the user's head for a head-mounted device, or with movement of the user's hand for a handheld device such as a tablet or smartphone) as the user's viewpoint moves with movement of the field of view of the one or more cameras (and the appearance of one or more virtual objects displayed via the one or more display generation components is updated based on the user's viewpoint (e.g., the display position and pose of the virtual objects are updated based on movement of the user's viewpoint)).For display generation components with optical transmittance, the portion of the physical environment that is visible via one or more display generation components (e.g., optically visible through one or more partially or fully transparent portions of the display generation components) is based on the user's field of view through the partially or fully transparent portions of the display generation components (e.g., moves with movement of the user's head for a head-mounted device, or moves with movement of the user's hand for a handheld device such as a tablet or smartphone) because the user's viewpoint moves as the user moves through the field of view of the partially or fully transparent portions of the display generation components (and the appearance of one or more virtual objects is updated based on the user's viewpoint).

[0096] In some embodiments, the representation of the physical environment (e.g., displayed via virtual see-through or optical see-through) may be partially or completely obscured by the virtual environment. In some embodiments, the amount of the virtual environment displayed (e.g., the amount of the physical environment that is not displayed) is based on the immersion level of the virtual environment (e.g., relative to the representation of the physical environment). For example, increasing the immersion level optionally causes more of the virtual environment to be displayed, replacing and / or obscuring more of the physical environment, and decreasing the immersion level optionally causes less of the virtual environment to be displayed, thereby revealing portions of the physical environment that were previously not displayed and / or obscured. In some embodiments, at a particular immersion level, one or more first background objects (e.g., in the representation of the physical environment) are visually de-emphasized (e.g., dimmed, blurred, displayed with increased transparency) more than one or more second background objects, and one or more third background objects cease to be displayed. In some embodiments, the immersion level includes an associated degree to which virtual content displayed by the computer system (e.g., a virtual environment and / or virtual content) obscures background content (e.g., content other than the virtual environment and / or virtual content) surrounding / behind the virtual environment, optionally including the number of items of background content displayed and / or the displayed visual characteristics of the background content (e.g., color, contrast, and / or opacity), the angular range of the virtual content displayed via the display generation component (e.g., 60 degrees for content displayed at low immersion, 120 degrees for content displayed at medium immersion, or 180 degrees for content displayed at high immersion), and / or the proportion of the field of view displayed via the display generation component that is occupied by the virtual content (e.g., 33% of the field of view occupied by the virtual content at low immersion, 66% of the field of view occupied by the virtual content at medium immersion, or 100% of the field of view occupied by the virtual content at high immersion). In some embodiments, the background content is included in the background on which the virtual content is displayed (e.g., background content in a representation of the physical environment). In some embodiments, the background content includes a user interface (e.g., a user interface corresponding to an application generated by a computer system), virtual objects that are not associated with or included in the virtual environment and / or virtual content (e.g., files generated by a computer system or representations of other users, etc.), and / or real objects (e.g., see-through objects representing real objects in the physical environment surrounding the user, which are visible so that they are displayed via the display generation component and / or visible via transparent or translucent components of the display generation component because the computer system does not block / impede their visibility through the display generation component). In some embodiments, at a low immersion level (e.g., a first immersion level), the background, virtual and / or real objects are displayed in an unobstructed manner. For example, a virtual environment with a low immersion level is optionally displayed simultaneously with the background content, which is optionally displayed at full brightness, color and / or translucency.In some embodiments, at a higher immersion level (e.g., a second immersion level that is higher than the first immersion level), background, virtual and / or real objects are displayed in an obscured manner (e.g., dimmed, blurred, or removed from the display). For example, a corresponding virtual environment with a high immersion level is displayed without simultaneously displaying background content (e.g., in full screen or fully immersive mode). As another example, a virtual environment displayed at a medium immersion level is displayed simultaneously with background content that is dimmed, blurred, or otherwise de-emphasized. In some embodiments, the visual characteristics of background objects vary between background objects. For example, at a particular immersion level, one or more first background objects are visually de-emphasized (e.g., dimmed, blurred, and / or displayed with increased transparency) more than one or more second background objects, and one or more third background objects cease to be displayed. In some embodiments, zero immersion or zero immersion level corresponds to a virtual environment that ceases to be displayed, and instead displays a representation of the physical environment (optionally with one or more virtual objects, such as applications, windows, or virtual three-dimensional objects), without the representation of the physical environment being obscured by the virtual environment. Adjusting the immersion level using physical input elements provides a fast and efficient method of adjusting immersion, which enhances the operability of the computer system and makes the user-device interface more efficient.

[0097] Viewpoint-locked virtual objects: When a computer system displays a virtual object at the same position and / or location in a user's viewpoint, even if the user's viewpoint shifts (e.g., changes), the virtual object is viewpoint-locked. In embodiments where the computer system is a head-mounted device, the user's viewpoint is locked to the forward direction of the user's head (e.g., when the user is looking straight ahead, the user's viewpoint is at least a portion of the user's field of view); thus, without moving the user's head, the user's viewpoint remains fixed even when the user's gaze shifts. In embodiments where the computer system has a display generation component (e.g., a display screen) that is repositionable relative to the user's head, the user's viewpoint is the augmented reality view presented to the user on the display generation component of the computer system. For example, a viewpoint-locked virtual object that is displayed in the upper left corner of the user's viewpoint when the user's viewpoint is in a first orientation (e.g., the user's head is facing north) continues to be displayed in the upper left corner of the user's viewpoint even when the user's viewpoint changes to a second orientation (e.g., the user's head is facing west). In other words, the position and / or location of the viewpoint-locked virtual object displayed in the user's viewpoint is independent of the user's position and / or orientation in the physical environment. In embodiments where the computer system is a head-mounted device, the user's viewpoint is locked to the orientation of the user's head, such that the virtual object is also referred to as a "head-locked virtual object."

[0098] Environment-locked visual objects: A virtual object is environment-locked (alternatively, "world-locked") when a computer system displays it at a position and / or location in a user's viewpoint that is based on (e.g., selected with reference to and / or anchored to) a location and / or object in a three-dimensional environment (e.g., a physical environment or a virtual environment). As the user's viewpoint moves, the location and / or objects in the environment change relative to the user's viewpoint, which causes the environment-locked virtual object to be displayed at a different position and / or location in the user's viewpoint. For example, an environment-locked virtual object locked to a tree immediately in front of the user is displayed at the center of the user's viewpoint. When the user's viewpoint shifts to the right (e.g., the user's head turns to the right) such that the tree is now to the left of center in the user's viewpoint (e.g., the tree's position in the user's viewpoint shifts), the environment-locked virtual object locked to the tree is displayed to the left of center in the user's viewpoint. In other words, the position and / or location at which an environment-locked virtual object is displayed in the user's viewpoint depends on the position and / or orientation of the object in the environment to which the virtual object is locked. In some embodiments, the computer system uses a stationary reference frame (e.g., a coordinate system anchored to fixed locations and / or objects in the physical environment) to determine the location at which an environment-locked virtual object is displayed in the user's viewpoint. An environment-locked virtual object can be locked to a stationary portion of the environment (e.g., a floor, wall, table, or other stationary object), or can be locked to a movable portion of the environment (e.g., a vehicle, animal, person, or even a representation of a part of the user's body that moves independently of the user's viewpoint, such as a hand, wrist, arm, or foot of the user) so that the virtual object moves as the viewpoint or that portion of the environment moves to maintain a fixed relationship between the virtual object and that portion of the environment.

[0099] In some embodiments, an environment-locked or viewpoint-locked virtual object exhibits an inertial following behavior that reduces or delays the movement of the environment-locked or viewpoint-locked virtual object relative to the movement of a reference point that the virtual object follows. In some embodiments, when exhibiting inertial following behavior, the computer system intentionally delays the movement of the virtual object when movement of a reference point (e.g., a portion of the environment, a viewpoint, or a point fixed relative to the viewpoint, such as a point between 5 cm and 300 cm from the viewpoint) that the virtual object is following is detected. For example, when the reference point (e.g., a portion of the environment or a viewpoint) moves at a first speed, the virtual object is moved by the device to remain locked to the reference point, but at a second speed that is slower than the first speed (e.g., until the reference point stops moving or slows down, at which point the virtual object begins to catch up with the reference point). In some embodiments, when the virtual object exhibits inertial following behavior, the device ignores small amounts of movement of the reference point (e.g., ignoring movements of the reference point below a threshold movement amount, such as movement of 0 to 5 degrees or movement of 0 to 50 cm). For example, when a reference point (e.g., a portion or viewpoint of an environment to which a virtual object is locked) moves a first amount, the distance between the reference point and the virtual object increases (e.g., because the virtual object is being displayed so as to maintain a fixed or substantially fixed position relative to a viewpoint or portion of the environment different from the reference point to which the virtual object is locked), and when the reference point (e.g., the portion or viewpoint of the environment to which the virtual object is locked) moves a second amount greater than the first amount, the distance between the reference point and the virtual object first increases (e.g., because the virtual object is being displayed so as to maintain a fixed or substantially fixed position relative to a viewpoint or portion of the environment different from the reference point to which the virtual object is locked), and then decreases when the amount of movement of the reference point increases above a threshold (e.g., a “lazy follow” threshold) because the virtual object is moved by the computer system to maintain a fixed or substantially fixed position relative to the reference point. In some embodiments, maintaining a substantially fixed position of the virtual object relative to the reference point includes displaying the virtual object within a threshold distance (e.g., 1 cm, 2 cm, 3 cm, 5 cm, 15 cm, 20 cm, 50 cm) of the reference point in one or more dimensions (e.g., up / down, left / right, and / or forward / backward relative to the position of the reference point).

[0100] Hardware: There are many different types of electronic systems that enable people to sense various XR environments and / or interact with various CGR environments. Examples include head-mounted systems, projection-based systems, heads-up displays (HUDs), vehicle windshields with integrated display capabilities, windows with integrated display capabilities, displays formed as lenses designed to be placed on a person's eyes (e.g., similar to contact lenses), headphones / earpieces, speaker arrays, input systems (e.g., wearable or handheld controllers with or without haptic feedback), smartphones, tablet devices, and desktop / laptop computers. A head-mounted system may include speakers and / or other audio output devices integrated into the head-mounted system for providing audio output. A head-mounted system may have one or more speakers and an integrated opaque display. Alternatively, a head-mounted system may be configured to accept an external opaque display (e.g., a smartphone). A head-mounted system may incorporate one or more imaging sensors for capturing images or video of the physical environment and / or one or more microphones for capturing audio of the physical environment. A head-mounted system may have a transparent or translucent display instead of an opaque display. A transparent or translucent display can have a medium through which light representing an image is directed to a person's eye. The display can utilize digital light projection, OLED, LED, uLED, liquid crystal on silicon, a laser scanning light source, or any combination of these technologies. The medium can be an optical waveguide, a holographic medium, an optical combiner, an optical reflector, or any combination thereof. In one embodiment, the transparent or translucent display can be configured to selectively become opaque. Projection-based systems can employ retinal projection technology that projects graphic images onto a person's retina. The projection system can also be configured to project virtual objects into a physical environment, for example as a hologram or on a physical surface. In some embodiments, the controller 110 is configured to manage and coordinate the user's XR experience. In some embodiments, the controller 110 includes a suitable combination of software, firmware, and / or hardware. Reference below Figure 2Controller 110 is described in more detail. In some embodiments, controller 110 is a computing device that is located locally or remotely relative to scene 105 (e.g., physical environment). For example, controller 110 is a local server located within scene 105. In another example, controller 110 is a remote server (e.g., a cloud server, a central server, etc.) located outside of scene 105. In some embodiments, controller 110 is communicatively coupled to display generation component 120 (e.g., HMD, display, projector, touch screen, etc.) via one or more wired or wireless communication channels 144 (e.g., Bluetooth, IEEE 802.11x, IEEE 802.16x, IEEE 802.3x, etc.). In another example, the controller 110 is included within a housing (e.g., a physical housing) of the display generating component 120 (e.g., an HMD or a portable electronic device including a display and one or more processors, etc.), one or more input devices of the input devices 125, one or more output devices of the output devices 155, one or more sensors of the sensors 190, and / or one or more peripheral devices 195, or shares the same physical housing or support structure with one or more of the above devices.

[0101] In some embodiments, the display generation component 120 is configured to provide an XR experience (e.g., at least the visual component of the XR experience) to the user. In some embodiments, the display generation component 120 includes a suitable combination of software, firmware, and / or hardware. Figure 3 Display generation component 120 is described in further detail. In some embodiments, the functionality of controller 110 is provided by and / or combined with display generation component 120.

[0102] According to some embodiments, display generation component 120 provides an XR experience to the user when the user is virtually and / or physically present within scene 105.

[0103] In some embodiments, the display generation component is worn on a part of the user's body (e.g., on his / her head, on his / her hand, etc.). In this way, the display generation component 120 includes one or more XR displays provided for displaying XR content. For example, in various embodiments, the display generation component 120 surrounds the user's field of view. In some embodiments, the display generation component 120 is a handheld device (such as a smart phone or tablet device) configured to present XR content, and the user holds a device with a display facing the user's field of view and a camera facing the scene 105. In some embodiments, the handheld device is optionally placed in a housing worn on the user's head. In some embodiments, the handheld device is optionally placed on a support (e.g., a tripod) in front of the user. In some embodiments, the display generation component 120 is an XR room, housing, or room configured to present XR content, wherein the user does not wear or hold the display generation component 120. Many user interfaces described with reference to one type of hardware for displaying XR content (e.g., a handheld device or a device on a tripod) can be implemented on another type of hardware for displaying XR content (e.g., an HMD or other wearable computing device). For example, a user interface that shows interactions with XR content triggered based on interactions occurring in the space in front of a handheld device or a tripod-mounted device can similarly be implemented with an HMD, where the interactions occur in the space in front of the HMD and the responses to the XR content are displayed via the HMD. Similarly, a user interface that shows interactions with XR content triggered based on movement of a handheld device or a tripod-mounted device relative to a physical environment (e.g., scene 105 or a part of a user's body (e.g., the user's eyes, head, or hands)) can similarly be implemented with an HMD, where the movement is caused by movement of the HMD relative to the physical environment (e.g., scene 105 or a part of a user's body (e.g., the user's eyes, head, or hands)).

[0104] Despite Figures 1A to 1P Relevant features of the operating environment 100 are shown, but those skilled in the art will recognize from this disclosure that various other features are not shown for the sake of brevity and so as not to obscure more relevant aspects of the example embodiments disclosed herein.

[0105] Figures 1A to 1PVarious examples of computer systems for performing the methods and providing audio, visual, and / or tactile feedback as part of the user interfaces described herein are shown. In some embodiments, the computer system includes one or more display generation components (e.g., a first display component 1-120a and a second display component 1-120b and / or a first optical module 11.1.1-104a and a second optical module 11.1.1-104b) for displaying to a user of the computer system a representation of a virtual element and / or a physical environment, optionally generated based on detected events and / or user input detected by the computer system. The user interface generated by the computer system is optionally corrected by one or more corrective lenses 11.3.2-216 (sometimes referred to as prescription lenses or non-prescription lenses), which are optionally removably attached to one or more of the optical modules to make the user interface easier to view by users who would otherwise use glasses or contact lenses to correct their vision. While many of the user interfaces shown herein show a single view of the user interface, a user interface in an HMD is optionally displayed using two optical modules (e.g., a first display component 1-120a and a second display component 1-120b and / or a first optical module 11.1.1-104a and a second optical module 11.1.1-104b), one optical module for the user's right eye and a different optical module for the user's left eye, and presenting slightly different images to the two different eyes to create the illusion of stereoscopic depth, the single view of the user interface being typically a right eye view or a left eye view, with the depth effect being explained in text or using other diagrams or views. In some embodiments, a computer system includes one or more external displays (e.g., a display component 1-108) for displaying status information of the computer system to a user of the computer system (when the computer system is not being worn) and / or to other people near the computer system, the status information being optionally generated based on detected events and / or user input detected by the computer system. In some embodiments, the computer system includes one or more audio output components (e.g., electronic components 1-112) for generating audio feedback, which is optionally generated based on detected events and / or user input detected by the computer system. In some embodiments, the computer system includes one or more input devices for detecting input, such as one or more sensors for detecting information about the physical environment of the device (e.g., one or more sensors in sensor components 1-356, and / or Figure 1I ), which information can be used (optionally in conjunction with one or more luminaires, such as Figure 1IIn some embodiments, the computer system includes one or more input devices for detecting input, such as one or more sensors for detecting hand position and / or movement (e.g., sensor assembly 1-356 and / or sensor assembly 1-357). Figure 1I One or more sensors in ), which can be used (optionally in combination with one or more illuminators, such as Figure 1I In some embodiments, the computer system includes one or more input devices for detecting input, such as one or more sensors for detecting eye movement (e.g., Figure 1I eye tracking and gaze tracking sensors in the , which can be used (optionally in conjunction with one or more lights, such as Figure 1O11.3.2-110) determine attention or gaze location and / or gaze movement, which can optionally be used to detect gaze-only input based on gaze movement and / or dwell. Combinations of the various sensors described above can be used to determine user facial expressions and / or hand movements for use in generating an avatar or representation of the user, such as an anthropomorphic avatar or representation for a real-time communication session, wherein the avatar has facial expressions, hand movements, and / or body movements that are based on or similar to the detected facial expressions, hand movements, and / or body movements of the user of the device. Gaze and / or attention information is optionally combined with hand tracking information to determine interaction between a user and one or more user interfaces based on direct and / or indirect input, such as air gestures or input using one or more hardware input devices, such as one or more buttons (e.g., first button 1-128, button 11.1.1-114, second button 1-132, and / or dial or button 1-328), knobs (e.g., first button 1-128, button 11.1.1-114, and / or dial or button 1-328), a digital crown (e.g., a pressable and twistable or rotatable first button 1-128, button 11.1.1-114, and / or dial or button 1-328), a touchpad, a touch screen, a keyboard, a mouse, and / or other input devices. One or more buttons (e.g., a first button 1-128, a button 11.1.1-114, a second button 1-132, and / or a dial or button 1-328) are optionally used to perform system operations, such as re-centering content in a three-dimensional environment visible to a user of the device, displaying a primary user interface for launching an application, starting a real-time communication session, or initiating display of a virtual three-dimensional background. A knob or digital crown (e.g., a pressable and twistable or rotatable first button 1-128, a button 11.1.1-114, and / or a dial or button 1-328) is optionally rotatable to adjust parameters of visual content, such as the immersion level of the virtual three-dimensional environment (e.g., the extent to which virtual content occupies the user's viewport in the three-dimensional environment) or other parameters associated with the three-dimensional environment and virtual content displayed via the optical modules (e.g., the first and second display components 1-120a, 1-120b, and / or the first and second optical modules 11.1.1-104a, 11.1.1-104b).

[0106] Figure 1BFront, top, and perspective views of an example of a head-mounted display (HMD) device 1-100 configured to be worn by a user and to provide a virtual and altered / mixed reality (VR / AR) experience are shown. The HMD 1-100 may include a display unit 1-102 or assembly, an electronic strap assembly 1-104 connected to and extending from the display unit 1-102, and a strap assembly 1-106 secured to the electronic strap assembly 1-104 at either end. The electronic strap assembly 1-104 and the strap 1-106 may be part of a retaining assembly configured to wrap around a user's head to hold the display unit 1-102 against the user's face.

[0107] In at least one example, the strap assembly 1-106 can include a first strap 1-116 configured to wrap around the back of a user's head and a second strap 1-117 configured to extend over the top of the user's head. As shown, the second strap can extend between the first electronic strip 1-105a and the second electronic strip 1-105b of the electronic strip assembly 1-104. The strap assembly 1-104 and the strap assembly 1-106 can be part of a securing mechanism that extends rearward from the display unit 1-102 and is configured to hold the display unit 1-102 against the user's face.

[0108] In at least one example, the securing mechanism includes a first electronic strip 1-105a including a first proximal end 1-134 coupled to the display unit 1-102 (e.g., the housing 1-150 of the display unit 1-102) and a first distal end 1-136 opposite the first proximal end 1-134. The securing mechanism may also include a second electronic strip 1-105b including a second proximal end 1-138 coupled to the housing 1-150 of the display unit 1-102 and a second distal end 1-140 opposite the second proximal end 1-138. The securing mechanism may also include a first band 1-116 and a second band 1-117, the first band including a first end 1-142 coupled to the first distal end 1-136 and a second end 1-144 coupled to the second distal end 1-140, and the second band extending between the first electronic strip 1-105a and the second electronic strip 1-105b. The strips 1-105a-b and the strip 1-116 may be coupled via a connecting mechanism or assembly 1-114. In at least one example, the second strip 1-117 includes a first end 1-146 coupled to the first electronic strip 1-105a between the first proximal end 1-134 and the first distal end 1-136 and a second end 1-148 coupled to the second electronic strip 1-105b between the second proximal end 1-138 and the second distal end 1-140.

[0109] In at least one example, the first and second electronic strips 1-105a-b include plastic, metal, or other structural materials formed into the shape of a substantially rigid strip 1-105a-b. In at least one example, the first band 1-116 and the second band 1-117 are formed from a resilient, flexible material including a woven textile, rubber, or the like. The first band 1-116 and the second band 1-117 can be flexible to conform to the shape of the user's head when the HMD 1-100 is worn.

[0110] In at least one example, one or more of the first and second electronic strips 1-105a-b can define an interior strip volume and include one or more electronic components disposed within the interior strip volume. Figure 1B As shown, the first electronic strip 1-105a may include an electronic component 1-112. In one example, the electronic component 1-112 may include a speaker. In one example, the electronic component 1-112 may include a computing component, such as a processor.

[0111] In at least one example, the housing 1-150 defines a first front opening 1-152. Figure 1B 1-152 in dashed lines because the front cover assembly 1-108 is configured to block the first opening 1-152 from the field of view when the HMD is assembled. The housing 1-150 may also define a rear-mounted second opening 1-154. The housing 1-150 also defines an interior volume between the first opening 1-152 and the second opening 1-154. In at least one example, the HMD 1-100 includes a display assembly 1-108, which may include a front cover and a display screen (shown in other figures) disposed in or across the front opening to block the front opening 1-152. In at least one example, the display screen of the display assembly 1-108, and the display assembly 1-108 generally, has a curvature configured to follow the curvature of the user's face. The display screen of the display assembly 1-108 may be curved as shown to complement the user's facial features and the overall curvature from one side of the face to the other, such as from left to right and / or from top to bottom, with the display unit 1-102 being pressed.

[0112] In at least one example, the housing 1-150 may define a first aperture 1-126 between the first opening 1-152 and the second opening 1-154, and a second aperture 1-130 between the first opening 1-152 and the second opening 1-154. The HMD 1-100 may also include a first button 1-126 disposed in the first aperture 1-128, and a second button 1-132 disposed in the second aperture 1-130. The first button 1-128 and the second button 1-132 are capable of being pressed through the respective apertures 1-126, 1-130. In at least one example, the first button 1-126 and / or the second button 1-130 may be a twistable dial and a pressable button. In at least one example, the first button 1-128 is a pressable and twistable dial button, and the second button 1-132 is a pressable button.

[0113] Figure 1C A rear perspective view of an HMD 1-100 is shown. The HMD 1-100 may include a light seal 1-110 extending rearwardly from a housing 1-150 of a display unit 1-108 around the perimeter of the housing 1-150, as shown. The light seal 1-110 may be configured to extend from the housing 1-150 to the user's face, surrounding the user's eyes, to block external light from being visible. In one example, the HMD 1-100 may include a first display assembly 1-120a and a second display assembly 1-120b, which are disposed at or within a rearward-facing second opening 1-154 defined by the housing 1-150 and / or disposed within the interior volume of the housing 1-150 and are configured to project light through the second opening 1-154. In at least one example, each display assembly 1-120a-b may include a respective display screen 1-122a, 1-122b, which are configured to project light in a rearward direction through the second opening 1-154 toward the user's eyes.

[0114] In at least one example, reference Figure 1B and Figure 1C In both cases, the display assembly 1-108 may be a front-facing, forward-facing display assembly including a display screen configured to project light in a first, forward direction, and the rear-facing display screens 1-122a-b may be configured to project light in a second, rearward direction opposite the first direction. As described above, the light seal 1-110 may be configured to block light external to the HMD 1-100 from reaching the user's eyes, including by Figure 1B 1-108 is shown in a front perspective view of the HMD 1-100. In at least one example, the HMD 1-100 may further include a curtain 1-124 that obscures a second opening 1-154 between the housing 1-150 and the rear display assemblies 1-120a-b. In at least one example, the curtain 1-124 may be elastic or at least partially elastic.

[0115] Figure 1B and Figure 1C Any of the features, components and / or parts shown (including their arrangement and configuration) may be included alone or in any combination in the Figures 1D to 1F any other examples of the devices, features, components, and parts shown and described herein. Figures 1D to 1F Any of the features, components and / or parts shown or described (including their arrangement and configuration) may be included in the Figure 1B and Figure 1C Examples of devices, features, components, and parts are shown.

[0116] Figure 1D An exploded view of an example of an HMD 1-200 is shown, the HMD including various parts or components that are separable according to the modularity and selective coupling of these components. For example, the HMD 1-200 may include a strap 1-216 that is selectively coupled to a first electronic strip 1-205a and a second electronic strip 1-205b. The first fixed strap 1-205a may include a first electronic component 1-212a, and the second fixed strap 1-205b may include a second electronic component 1-212b. In at least one example, the first and second straps 1-205a-b are removably coupled to the display unit 1-202.

[0117] Additionally, the HMD 1-200 may include an optical seal 1-210 configured to be removably coupled to the display unit 1-202. The HMD 1-200 may also include a lens 1-218 that may be removably coupled to the display unit 1-202, for example, on a first assembly including a display screen and a second display assembly. The lens 1-218 may include a custom prescription lens configured to correct vision. As noted, in Figure 1D Each of the parts shown in the exploded view of the HMD 1-200 and described above can be removably coupled, attached, reattached, and replaced to upgrade parts or swap out parts for different users. For example, bands such as the band 1-216, optical seals such as the optical seal 1-210, lenses such as the lens 1-218, and electronic strips such as the electronic strips 1-205a-b can be swapped out depending on the user so that these parts are customized to fit and correspond to an individual user of the HMD 1-200.

[0118] Figure 1D Any of the features, components and / or parts shown (including their arrangement and configuration) may be included alone or in any combination in the Figure 1B 、 Figure 1C and Figures 1E to 1Fany other examples of the devices, features, components, and parts shown and described herein. Figure 1B 、 Figure 1C and Figures 1E to 1F Any of the features, components and / or parts shown or described (including their arrangement and configuration) may be included alone or in any combination in the Figure 1D Examples of devices, features, components, and parts are shown.

[0119] Figure 1E An exploded view of an example of a display unit 1-306 of an HMD is shown. The display unit 1-306 may include a front display assembly 1-308, a frame / housing assembly 1-350, and a curtain assembly 1-324. The display unit 1-306 may also include a sensor assembly 1-350, a logic board assembly 1-358, and a cooling assembly 1-360 disposed between the frame assembly 1-356 and the front display assembly 1-308. In at least one example, the display unit 1-306 may also include a rear display assembly 1-320 including a first rear display screen 1-322a and a second rear display screen 1-322b disposed between the frame 1-350 and the curtain assembly 1-324.

[0120] In at least one example, the display unit 1-306 may further include a motor assembly 1-362 configured as an adjustment mechanism for adjusting the position of the display screens 1-322a-b of the display assembly 1-320 relative to the frame 1-350. In at least one example, the display assembly 1-320 is mechanically coupled to the motor assembly 1-362, with each display screen 1-322a-b having at least one motor, such that the motors can translate the display screens 1-322a-b to match the interpupillary distance of the user's eyes.

[0121] In at least one example, the display unit 1-306 may include a dial or button 1-328 that is depressible relative to the frame 1-350 and accessible by a user external to the frame 1-350. The button 1-328 may be electrically connected to the motor assembly 1-362 via a controller such that the button 1-328 may be manipulated by a user to cause a motor of the motor assembly 1-362 to adjust the position of the display screens 1-322a-b.

[0122] Figure 1E Any of the features, components and / or parts shown (including their arrangement and configuration) may be included alone or in any combination in the Figures 1B to 1D and Figure 1F any other examples of the devices, features, components, and parts shown and described herein. Figures 1B to 1D and Figure 1FAny of the features, components and / or parts shown and described, including their arrangement and configuration, may be included in the Figure 1E Examples of devices, features, components, and parts are shown.

[0123] Figure 1F An exploded view of another example of a display unit 1-406 of an HMD device similar to other HMD devices described herein is shown. The display unit 1-406 may include a front display assembly 1-402, a sensor assembly 1-456, a logic board assembly 1-458, a cooling assembly 1-460, a frame assembly 1-450, a rear display assembly 1-421, and a curtain assembly 1-424. The display unit 1-406 may also include a motor assembly 1-462 for adjusting the position of the first display subassembly 1-420a and the second display subassembly 1-420b of the rear display assembly 1-421, including the first and second corresponding display screens for interpupillary adjustment, as described above.

[0124] Figure 1F The various parts, systems and assemblies shown in exploded views herein are referenced Figures 1B to 1E and subsequent figures referenced in this disclosure are described in more detail. Figure 1F The display unit 1-406 shown can be used with Figures 1B to 1E The shown fixing mechanism is assembled and integrated, and includes the electronic strips, ribbons, and other components including optical seals, connection components, etc.

[0125] Figure 1F Any of the features, components and / or parts shown (including their arrangement and configuration) may be included alone or in any combination in the Figures 1B to 1E any other examples of the devices, features, components, and parts shown and described herein. Figures 1B to 1E Any of the features, components and / or parts shown and described, including their arrangement and configuration, may be included in the Figure 1F Examples of devices, features, components, and parts are shown.

[0126] Figure 1G 1 shows a perspective exploded view of a front cover assembly 3-100 of an HMD device described herein, e.g. Figure 1G The front cover assembly 3-1 of the illustrated HMD 3-100 or any other HMD device shown and described herein. Figure 1BThe illustrated front cover assembly 3-100 may include a transparent or translucent cover 3-102, a shield 3-104 (or "canopy"), an adhesive layer 3-106, a display assembly 3-108 including a lenticular lens panel or array 3-110, and a structural trim 3-112. The adhesive layer 3-106 may secure the shield 3-104 and / or the transparent cover 3-102 to the display assembly 3-108 and / or the trim 3-112. The trim 3-112 may secure the various components of the front cover assembly 3-100 to the frame or base of the HMD device.

[0127] In at least one example, Figure 1G As shown, the transparent cover 3-102, the shield 3-104, and the display assembly 3-108 including the lenticular lens array 3-110 can be bent to accommodate the curvature of the user's face. The transparent cover 3-102 and the shield 3-104 can be bent in two or three dimensions, for example, vertically in the Z direction within and outside the ZX plane, and horizontally in the X direction within and outside the ZX plane. In at least one example, the display assembly 3-108 may include the lenticular lens array 3-110 and a display panel having pixels that are configured to project light through the shield 3-104 and the transparent cover 3-102. The display assembly 3-108 can be bent in at least one direction (e.g., horizontally) to accommodate the curvature of the user's face from one side of the face (e.g., the left side) to the other side (e.g., the right side). In at least one example, each layer or component of the display assembly 3-108 (which will be shown in subsequent figures and described in more detail, but which may include a lenticular lens array 3-110 and a display layer) may be curved similarly or concentrically in the horizontal direction to accommodate the curvature of the user's face.

[0128] In at least one example, the shield 3-104 may include a transparent or translucent material through which the display assembly 3-108 projects light. In one example, the shield 3-104 may include one or more opaque portions, such as an opaque ink-printed portion or other opaque film portion on the back of the shield 3-104. When the HMD device is worn, the back surface may be the surface of the shield 3-104 that faces the user's eyes. In at least one example, the opaque portion may be on the front surface of the shield 3-104, opposite the back surface. In at least one example, the one or more opaque portions of the shield 3-104 may include a peripheral portion that visually conceals any components surrounding the outer perimeter of the display screen of the display assembly 3-108. In this manner, the opaque portion of the shield conceals any other components of the HMD device that would otherwise be visible through the transparent or translucent cover 3-102 and / or the shield 3-104, including electronic components, structural components, etc.

[0129] In at least one example, the shield 3-104 may define one or more aperture transparent portions 3-120 through which sensors may transmit and receive signals. In one example, the portion 3-120 is an aperture through which a sensor may extend or transmit and receive signals. In one example, the portion 3-120 is a transparent portion, or a portion that is more transparent than surrounding translucent or opaque portions of the shield, through which sensors may transmit and receive signals through the shield and through the transparent cover 3-102. In one example, the sensor may include a camera, an IR sensor, a LUX sensor, or any other visual or non-visual environmental sensor of the HMD device.

[0130] Figure 1G Any of the features, components, and / or parts shown (including arrangements and configurations thereof) may be included, alone or in any combination, in any other example of the apparatus, features, components, and parts described herein. Likewise, any of the features, components, and / or parts shown and described herein (including arrangements and configurations thereof) may be included, alone or in any combination, in any other example of the apparatus, features, components, and parts described herein. Figure 1G Examples of devices, features, components, and parts are shown.

[0131] Figure 1H An exploded view of an example of an HMD device 6-100 is shown. The HMD device 6-100 may include a sensor array or system 6-102 including one or more sensors, cameras, projectors, etc. mounted to one or more components of the HMD 6-100. In at least one example, the sensor system 6-102 may include a bracket 1-338 to which one or more sensors of the sensor system 6-102 may be secured / fastened.

[0132] Figure 1I A portion of an HMD device 6-100 is shown including a front transparent cover 6-104 and a sensor system 6-102. The sensor system 6-102 may include a plurality of different sensors, emitters, receivers, including cameras, IR sensors, projectors, etc. The transparent cover 6-104 is shown in front of the sensor system 6-102 to illustrate the relative positions of the various sensors and emitters and the orientation of each sensor / emitter of the system 6-102. As referred to herein, "lateral," "sideways," "horizontal," and other similar terms refer to Figure 1J The orientation or direction indicated by the X-axis shown. Terms such as "vertical", "upward", "downward" and similar terms refer to Figure 1J The orientation or direction indicated by the Z-axis shown. Terms such as "forward," "backward," "forward," "backward" and similar terms refer to the orientation or direction indicated by the Z-axis shown. Figure 1J The Y-axis shown indicates the orientation or direction.

[0133] In at least one example, a transparent cover 6-104 may define a front exterior surface of the HMD device 6-100, and a sensor system 6-102, including various sensors and components thereof, may be disposed in the Y axis / direction behind the cover 6-104. The cover 6-104 may be transparent or translucent to allow light to pass through the cover 6-104, including both light detected by the sensor system 6-102 and light emitted thereby.

[0134] As described elsewhere herein, the HMD device 6-100 may include one or more controllers including processors for electrically coupling the various sensors and transmitters of the sensor system 6-102 to one or more motherboards, processing units, and other electronic devices such as display screens. Furthermore, as will be shown in greater detail below with reference to other figures, the various sensors, transmitters, and other components of the sensor system 6-102 may be coupled to Figure 1I For clarity, various structural frame members, brackets, etc. of the HMD device 6-100 are not shown. Figure 1I Components of the sensor system 6-102 are shown unattached and unelectrically coupled to other components.

[0135] In at least one example, the device may include one or more controllers having processors configured to execute instructions stored on a memory component electrically coupled to the processors. The instructions may include or cause the processors to execute one or more algorithms for self-correcting the angles and positions of the various cameras described herein over time as the initial position, angle, or orientation of the camera is bumped or deformed due to an accidental drop event or other event.

[0136] In at least one example, the sensor system 6-102 may include one or more scene cameras 6-106. The system 6-102 may include two scene cameras 6-102, one located on either side of the nose bridge or arch of the HMD device 6-100, such that each of the two cameras 6-106 roughly corresponds to the position of the user's left and right eyes behind the cover 6-103. In at least one example, the scene cameras 6-106 are generally oriented forward in the Y direction to capture images in front of the user during use of the HMD 6-100. In at least one example, the scene cameras are color cameras and provide images and content for MR video pass-through to a display screen facing the user's eyes when the HMD device 6-100 is in use. The scene cameras 6-106 may also be used for environment and object reconstruction.

[0137] In at least one example, the sensor system 6-102 may include a first depth sensor 6-108 pointing generally forward in the Y direction. In at least one example, the first depth sensor 6-108 may be used for environment and object reconstruction and hand and body tracking of the user. In at least one example, the sensor system 6-102 may include a second depth sensor 6-110 centrally located along the width of the HMD device 6-100 (e.g., along the X axis). For example, the second depth sensor 6-110 may be located above a central nose bridge or on an adaptable structure above the nose of the user when wearing the HMD 6-100. In at least one example, the second depth sensor 6-110 may be used for environment and object reconstruction and hand and body tracking. In at least one example, the second depth sensor may include a LIDAR sensor.

[0138] In at least one example, the sensor system 6-102 may include a depth projector 6-112 that faces generally forward to project electromagnetic waves (e.g., in a predetermined pattern of light dots) into or within the field of view of the user and / or scene camera 6-106, or into or within a field of view that includes and extends beyond the field of view of the user and / or scene camera 6-106. In at least one example, the depth projector may be capable of projecting electromagnetic waves of light in the form of a pattern of light dots that reflect off an object and return to the depth sensors described above, including the depth sensors 6-108, 6-110. In at least one example, the depth projector 6-112 may be used for environment and object reconstruction and hand and body tracking.

[0139] In at least one example, the sensor system 6-102 may include downward-facing cameras 6-114 whose fields of view are generally directed downward on the Z-axis relative to the HMD device 6-100. In at least one example, the downward-facing cameras 6-114 may be disposed on the left and right sides of the HMD device 6-100 as shown and used for hand and body tracking, headset tracking, and facial avatar detection and creation for displaying a user avatar on a forward-facing display screen of the HMD device 6-100 as described elsewhere herein. For example, the downward-facing cameras 6-114 may be used to capture facial expressions and movements of a user's face, including cheeks, mouth, and chin, beneath the HMD device 6-100.

[0140] In at least one example, the sensor system 6-102 may include a jaw camera 6-116. In at least one example, the jaw cameras 6-116 may be positioned on the left and right sides of the HMD device 6-100 as shown and used for hand and body tracking, headset tracking, and facial avatar detection and creation for displaying a user avatar on a front-facing display screen of the HMD device 6-100 as described elsewhere herein. For example, the jaw camera 6-116 may be used to capture facial expressions and movements of a user's face beneath the HMD device 6-100, including the user's jaw, cheeks, mouth, and chin. Used for hand and body tracking, headset tracking, and facial avatar

[0141] In at least one example, the sensor system 6-102 may include a side camera 6-118. The side camera 6-118 may be oriented to capture left and right side views in an X-axis or direction relative to the HMD device 6-100. In at least one example, the side camera 6-118 may be used for hand and body tracking, headset tracking, and facial avatar detection and reconstruction.

[0142] In at least one example, the sensor system 6-102 may include a plurality of eye tracking and gaze tracking sensors for determining the identity, status, and gaze direction of a user's eyes during and / or prior to use. In at least one example, the eye / gaze tracking sensors may include nose-eye cameras 6-120 that are positioned on either side of the user's nose and adjacent to the user's nose when the HMD device 6-100 is worn. The eye / gaze sensors may also include bottom eye cameras 6-122 positioned below the respective user's eyes for capturing images of the eyes for use in facial avatar detection and creation, gaze tracking, and iris identification functionality.

[0143] In at least one example, the sensor system 6-102 may include an infrared illuminator 6-124 that points outward from the HMD device 6-100 to illuminate the external environment and any objects therein with IR light for IR detection using one or more IR sensors of the sensor system 6-102. In at least one example, the sensor system 6-102 may include a flicker sensor 6-126 and an ambient light sensor 6-128. In at least one example, the flicker sensor 6-126 may detect the refresh rate of overhead light to avoid display flicker. In one example, the infrared illuminator 6-124 may include a light emitting diode and may be particularly useful in low-light environments for illuminating a user's hands and other objects in low light for detection by the infrared sensors of the sensor system 6-102.

[0144] In at least one example, a plurality of sensors (including a scene camera 6-106, a downward camera 6-114, a jaw camera 6-116, a side camera 6-118, a depth projector 6-112, and depth sensors 6-108, 6-110) may be used in combination with an electrically coupled controller to combine depth data with camera data for hand tracking and for size determination to better perform hand tracking and object recognition and tracking functions of the HMD device 6-100. In at least one example, as described above and in Figure 1I The downward camera 6-114, the jaw camera 6-116, and the side camera 6-118 shown in the figure can be wide-angle cameras capable of operating in the visible and infrared spectrum. In at least one example, these cameras 6-114, 6-116, 6-118 can operate only in black and white light detection to simplify image processing and gain sensitivity.

[0145] Figure 1I Any of the features, components and / or parts shown (including their arrangement and configuration) may be included alone or in any combination in the Figures 1J to 1L any other examples of the devices, features, components, and parts shown and described herein. Figures 1J to 1L Any of the features, components and / or parts shown and described, including their arrangement and configuration, may be included in the Figure 1I Examples of devices, features, components, and parts are shown.

[0146] Figure 1J A lower perspective view of an example of an HMD 6-200 including a cover or shroud 6-204 secured to a frame 6-230 is shown. In at least one example, the sensors 6-202 of the sensor system 6-203 may be disposed around the perimeter of the HMD 6-200 such that the sensors 6-203 are disposed outwardly around the perimeter of the display area or area 6-232 so as not to obstruct viewing of displayed light. In at least one example, the sensors may be disposed behind the shroud 6-204 and aligned with a transparent portion of the shroud, thereby allowing the sensors and projector to pass light back and forth through the shroud 6-204. In at least one example, opaque ink or other opaque material or film / layer may be disposed on the shroud 6-204 around the display area 6-232 to conceal components of the HMD 6-200 outside of the display area 6-232 rather than the transparent portion defined by the opaque portion through which the sensors and projector transmit and receive light and electromagnetic signals during operation. In at least one example, the shield 6-204 allows light to pass from the display (eg, within the display area 6-232), but does not allow light to pass radially outward from the display area around the display and the perimeter of the shield 6-204.

[0147] In some examples, the shield 6-204 includes a transparent portion 6-205 and an opaque portion 6-207, as described above and elsewhere herein. In at least one example, the opaque portion 6-204 of the shield 6-207 may define one or more transparent areas 6-209 through which the sensor 6-203 of the sensor system 6-202 may send and receive signals. In the example shown, the sensor 6-203 of the sensor system 6-202 sends and receives signals through the shield 6-204, or more specifically, through (or defined by) the transparent areas 6-209 of the opaque portion 6-207 of the shield 6-204, which may include a sensor 6-203 that is connected to the sensor system 6-202. Figure 1I The same or similar sensors as those shown in the example of FIG, such as the depth sensors 6-108 and 6-110, the depth projector 6-112, the first and second scene cameras 6-106, the first and second downward cameras 6-114, the first and second side cameras 6-118, and the first and second infrared illuminators 6-124. These sensors are also Figure 1K and Figure 1L Other sensors, sensor types, number of sensors, and their relative positions may be included in one or more other examples of an HMD.

[0148] Figure 1J Any of the features, components and / or parts shown (including their arrangement and configuration) may be included alone or in any combination in the Figure 1I and Figures 1K to 1L any other examples of the devices, features, components, and parts shown and described herein. Figure 1I and Figures 1K to 1L Any of the features, components and / or parts shown or described (including their arrangement and configuration) may be included alone or in any combination in the Figure 1J Examples of devices, features, components, and parts are shown.

[0149] Figure 1K A front view of a portion of an example of an HMD device 6-300 is shown, including a display 6-334, brackets 6-336, 6-338, and a frame or housing 6-330. Figure 1K The example shown does not include a front cover or shield in order to illustrate the brackets 6-336, 6-338. Figure 1J The illustrated shield 6-204 includes an opaque portion 6-207 that would visually cover / block viewing of anything external to (e.g., radially / peripherally external to) the display / display area 6-334, including the sensor 6-303 and bracket 6-338.

[0150] In at least one example, the various sensors of the sensor system 6-302 are coupled to brackets 6-336, 6-338. In at least one example, the scene cameras 6-306 include tight tolerances on angles relative to each other. For example, the tolerance on mounting angles between two scene cameras 6-306 may be 0.5 degrees or less, such as 0.3 degrees or less. To achieve and maintain such tight tolerances, in one example, the scene cameras 6-306 may be mounted to the bracket 6-338 instead of the shield. The bracket may include a cantilever on which the scene camera 6-306 and other sensors of the sensor system 6-302 may be mounted to maintain position and orientation in the event of a drop by a user that causes any deformation of the other bracket 6-226, the housing 6-330, and / or the shield.

[0151] Figure 1K Any of the features, components and / or parts shown (including their arrangement and configuration) may be included alone or in any combination in the Figures 1I to 1J and Figure 1L any other examples of the devices, features, components, and parts shown and described herein. Figures 1I to 1J and Figure 1L Any of the features, components and / or parts shown or described (including their arrangement and configuration) may be included alone or in any combination in the Figure 1K Examples of devices, features, components, and parts are shown.

[0152] Figure 1L A bottom view of an example of an HMD 6-400 including a front display / cover assembly 6-404 and a sensor system 6-402 is shown. The sensor system 6-402 may be similar to other sensor systems described above and elsewhere herein, including with reference to Figures 1I to 1K As described. In at least one example, the jaw camera 6-416 can face downward to capture images of the user's lower facial features. In one example, the jaw camera 6-416 can be directly coupled to the frame or housing 6-430 or one or more internal brackets that are directly coupled to the frame or housing 6-430 as shown. The frame or housing 6-430 can include one or more holes / openings 6-415 through which the jaw camera 6-416 can send and receive signals.

[0153] Figure 1L Any of the features, components and / or parts shown (including their arrangement and configuration) may be included alone or in any combination in the Figures 1I to 1K any other examples of the devices, features, components, and parts shown and described herein. Figures 1I to 1KAny of the features, components and / or parts shown and described, including their arrangement and configuration, may be included in the Figure 1L Examples of devices, features, components, and parts are shown.

[0154] Figure 1M A rear perspective view of an interpupillary distance (IPD) adjustment system 11.1.1-102 is shown, the IPD adjustment system comprising first and second optical modules 11.1.1-104a-b slidably engaged / coupled to respective guide rods 11.1.1-108a-b and motors 11.1.1-110a-b of left and right adjustment subsystems 11.1.1-106a-b. The IPD adjustment system 11.1.1-102 may be coupled to a bracket 11.1.1-112 and include a button 11.1.1-114 in electrical communication with the motors 11.1.1-110a-b. In at least one example, the button 11.1.1-114 may be in electrical communication with the first and second motors 11.1.1-110a-b via a processor or other circuit components to cause the first and second motors 11.1.1-110a-b to activate and respectively cause the first and second optical modules 11.1.1-104a-b to change position relative to each other.

[0155] In at least one example, the first and second optical modules 11.1.1-104a-b may include respective display screens configured to project light toward the user's eyes when the HMD 11.1.1-100 is worn. In at least one example, the user may manipulate (e.g., press and / or rotate) a button 11.1.1-114 to activate positional adjustment of the optical modules 11.1.1-104a-b to match the interpupillary distance of the user's eyes. The optical modules 11.1.1-104a-b may also include one or more cameras or other sensors / sensor systems for imaging and measuring the user's IPD so that the optical modules 11.1.1-104a-b can be adjusted to match the IPD.

[0156] In one example, a user can manipulate button 11.1.1-114 to cause automatic position adjustment of the first and second optical modules 11.1.1-104a-b. In one example, a user can manipulate button 11.1.1-114 to cause manual adjustment, causing the optical modules 11.1.1-104a-b to move further or closer (e.g., when the user rotates button 11.1.1-114 one way or another) until the user visually matches their IPD. In one example, the manual adjustment is communicated electronically via one or more circuits, and power for moving the optical modules 11.1.1-104a-b via motors 11.1.1-110a-b is provided by a power source. In one example, adjustment and movement of the optical modules 11.1.1-104a-b via manipulation button 11.1.1-114 is mechanically actuated via movement button 11.1.1-114.

[0157] Figure 1M Any of the features, components and / or parts shown (including arrangements and configurations thereof) may be included, alone or in any combination, in any other example of the apparatus, features, components and parts shown in any other drawing and described herein. Likewise, any of the features, components and / or parts shown or described with reference to any other drawing (including arrangements and configurations thereof) may be included, alone or in any combination, in any other example of the apparatus, features, components and parts shown in any other drawing and described herein. Figure 1M Examples of devices, features, components, and parts are shown.

[0158] Figure 1N A front perspective view of a portion of the HMD 11.1.2-100 is shown, including an outer structural frame 11.1.2-102 and an inner or intermediate structural frame 11.1.2-104 defining a first aperture 11.1.2-106a and a second aperture 11.1.2-106b. Figure 1N 2-106a-b may be blocked by one or more other components of the HMD 11.1.2-100 coupled to the inner frame 11.1.2-104 and / or the outer frame 11.1.2-102, as shown. In at least one example, the HMD 11.1.2-100 may include a first mounting bracket 11.1.2-108 coupled to the inner frame 11.1.2-104. In at least one example, the mounting bracket 11.1.2-108 is coupled to the inner frame 11.1.2-104 between the first and second apertures 11.1.2-106a-b.

[0159] The mounting bracket 11.1.2-108 can include a middle or center portion 11.1.2-109 coupled to the inner frame 11.1.2-104. In some examples, the middle or center portion 11.1.2-109 may not be the geometric middle or center of the bracket 11.1.2-108. Instead, the middle / center portion 11.1.2-109 can be disposed between first and second cantilevered extension arms extending away from the middle portion 11.1.2-109. In at least one example, the mounting bracket 108 includes a first cantilevered arm 11.1.2-112 and a second cantilevered arm 11.1.2-114 extending away from the middle portion 11.1.2-109 of the mounting bracket 11.1.2-108 coupled to the inner frame 11.1.2-104.

[0160] like Figure 1N As shown, the outer frame 11.1.2-102 can define a curved geometry on its underside to accommodate the user's nose when the user wears the HMD 11.1.2-100. The curved geometry can be referred to as a nose bridge 11.1.2-111 and is centrally located on the underside of the HMD 11.1.2-100 as shown. In at least one example, the mounting bracket 11.1.2-108 can be connected to the inner frame 11.1.2-104 between the holes 11.1.2-106a-b so that the cantilevered arms 11.1.2-112, 11.1.2-114 extend downwardly and laterally outwardly away from the middle portion 11.1.2-109 to complement the nose bridge 11.1.2-111 geometry of the outer frame 11.1.2-102. In this way, the mounting bracket 11.1.2-108 is configured to accommodate the user's nose, as described above. The geometry of the nose bridge 11.1.2-111 adapts to the nose in that the nose bridge 11.1.2-111 provides a curvature that conforms to the shape of the user's nose, providing a comfortable fit from above, over, and around.

[0161] The first cantilever arm 11.1.2-112 can extend in a first direction away from the middle portion 11.1.2-109 of the mounting bracket 11.1.2-108, and the second cantilever arm 11.1.2-114 can extend in a second direction opposite to the first direction away from the middle portion 11.1.2-109 of the mounting bracket 11.1.2-108. The first cantilever arm 11.1.2-112 and the second cantilever arm 11.1.2-114 are referred to as "cantilevered" or "cantilever" arms because each arm 11.1.2-112, 11.1.2-114 includes a free distal end 11.1.2-116, 11.1.2-118, respectively, which are not attached to the inner frame 11.1.2-102 and the outer frame 11.1.2-104. In this way, the arms 11.1.2-112, 11.1.2-114 depend from the middle portion 11.1.2-109, which is connectable to the inner frame 11.1.2-104, while the distal ends 11.1.2-102, 11.1.2-104 are unattached.

[0162] In at least one example, the HMD 11.1.2-100 may include one or more components coupled to a mounting bracket 11.1.2-108. In one example, the components include a plurality of sensors 11.1.2-110a-f. Each of the plurality of sensors 11.1.2-110a-f may include various types of sensors, including cameras, IR sensors, and the like. In some examples, one or more of the sensors 11.1.2-110a-f may be used for object recognition in three-dimensional space, making it important to maintain the precise relative position of two or more of the plurality of sensors 11.1.2-110a-f. The cantilevered nature of the mounting bracket 11.1.2-108 may protect the sensors 11.1.2-110a-f from damage and change of position if accidentally dropped by a user. Because the sensors 11.1.2-110a-f are cantilevered on the arms 11.1.2-112, 11.1.2-114 of the mounting bracket 11.1.2-108, stresses and deformations of the inner and / or outer frames 11.1.2-104, 11.1.2-102 are not transferred to the cantilevered arms 11.1.2-112, 11.1.2-114 and therefore do not affect the relative positions of the sensors 11.1.2-110a-f coupled / mounted to the mounting bracket 11.1.2-108.

[0163] Figure 1NAny of the features, components, and / or parts shown (including arrangements and configurations thereof) may be included, alone or in any combination, in any other example of a device, feature, component described herein. Likewise, any of the features, components, and / or parts shown and described herein (including arrangements and configurations thereof) may be included, alone or in any combination, in any other example of a device, feature, component described herein. Figure 1N Examples of devices, features, components, and parts are shown.

[0164] Figure 1O An example of an optical module 11.3.2-100 for use in an electronic device (such as an HMD, including the HMD devices described herein) is shown. As shown in one or more other examples described herein, the optical module 11.3.2-100 can be one of two optical modules within the HMD, where each optical module is aligned to project light toward an eye of a user. In this manner, a first optical module can project light toward a first eye of a user via a display screen, and a second optical module of the same device can project light toward a second eye of the user via another display screen.

[0165] In at least one example, the optical module 11.3.2-100 may include an optical frame or housing 11.3.2-102, which may also be referred to as a barrel or optical module barrel. The optical module 11.3.2-100 may also include a display 11.3.2-104 coupled to the housing 11.3.2-102, the display including one or more display screens. The display 11.3.2-104 may be coupled to the housing 11.3.2-102 such that the display 11.3.2-104 is configured to project light toward the eyes of a user when the HMD to which the display module 11.3.2-100 belongs is worn during use. In at least one example, the housing 11.3.2-102 may surround the display 11.3.2-104 and provide connection features for coupling other components of the optical module described herein.

[0166] In one example, the optical module 11.3.2-100 may include one or more cameras 11.3.2-106 coupled to the housing 11.3.2-102. The cameras 11.3.2-106 may be positioned relative to the display 11.3.2-104 and the housing 11.3.2-102 such that the cameras 11.3.2-106 are configured to capture one or more images of a user's eyes during use. In at least one example, the optical module 11.3.2-100 may also include a light strip 11.3.2-108 surrounding the display 11.3.2-104. In one example, the light strip 11.3.2-108 is disposed between the display 11.3.2-104 and the cameras 11.3.2-106. The light strip 11.3.2-108 may include a plurality of lights 11.3.2-110. The plurality of lights may include one or more light emitting diodes (LEDs) or other lights configured to project light toward the eyes of the user when the HMD is worn. The individual lights 11.3.2-110 in the light strip 11.3.2-108 may be spaced apart around the light strip 11.3.2-108 and thus evenly or unevenly spaced around the display 11.3.2-104 at various locations on the light strip 11.3.2-108 and around the display 11.3.2-104.

[0167] In at least one example, the housing 11.3.2-102 defines a viewing opening 11.3.2-101 through which a user can view the display 11.3.2-104 when wearing the HMD device. In at least one example, the LEDs are configured and arranged to emit light through the viewing opening 11.3.2-101 toward the user's eyes. In one example, the camera 11.3.2-106 is configured to capture one or more images of the user's eyes through the viewing opening 11.3.2-101.

[0168] As mentioned above, Figure 1O Each of the components and features of the illustrated optical module 11.3.2-100 may be replicated in another (eg, second) optical module provided with the HMD to interact with (eg, project light and capture images) the user's other eye.

[0169] Figure 1O Any of the features, components and / or parts shown (including their arrangement and configuration) may be included alone or in any combination in the Figure 1P any other examples of devices, features, components, and parts shown or otherwise described herein. Figure 1P Any of the features, components and / or parts shown or described herein (including their arrangement and configuration) may be included alone or in any combination in Figure 1OExamples of devices, features, components, and parts are shown.

[0170] Figure 1P A cross-sectional view of an example of an optical module 11.3.2-200 is shown, including a housing 11.3.2-202, a display assembly 11.3.2-204 coupled to the housing 11.3.2-202, and a lens 11.3.2-216 coupled to the housing 11.3.2-202. In at least one example, the housing 11.3.2-202 defines a first aperture or channel 11.3.2-212 and a second aperture or channel 11.3.2-214. The channels 11.3.2-212, 11.3.2-214 can be configured to slidably engage corresponding tracks or guides of an HMD device to allow the optical module 11.3.2-200 to be adjusted relative to the user's eyes to match the user's interpupillary distance (IPD). The housing 11.3.2-202 can slidably engage the guides to secure the optical module 11.3.2-200 in place within the HMD.

[0171] In at least one example, the optical module 11.3.2-200 may further include a lens 11.3.2-216 coupled to the housing 11.3.2-202 and positioned between the display assembly 11.3.2-204 and the user's eyes when the HMD is worn. The lens 11.3.2-216 may be configured to direct light from the display assembly 11.3.2-204 to the user's eyes. In at least one example, the lens 11.3.2-216 may be part of a lens assembly including a corrective lens that is removably attached to the optical module 11.3.2-200. In at least one example, the lens 11.3.2-216 is disposed above the light strip 11.3.2-208 and the one or more eye tracking cameras 11.3.2-206 such that the camera 11.3.2-206 is configured to capture an image of the user's eyes through the lens 11.3.2-216, and the light strip 11.3.2-208 includes lights configured to project light into the user's eyes through the lens 11.3.2-216 during use.

[0172] Figure 1P Any of the features, components, and / or parts shown (including arrangements and configurations thereof) may be included, alone or in any combination, in any other example of the apparatus, features, components, and parts described herein. Likewise, any of the features, components, and / or parts shown and described herein (including arrangements and configurations thereof) may be included, alone or in any combination, in any other example of the apparatus, features, components, and parts described herein. Figure 1P Examples of devices, features, components, and parts are shown.

[0173] Figure 2is a block diagram of an example of a controller 110 according to some embodiments. While some specific features are shown, those skilled in the art will recognize from this disclosure that various other features are not shown for the sake of brevity and so as not to obscure more relevant aspects of the embodiments disclosed herein. To this end, as a non-limiting example, in some embodiments, the controller 110 includes one or more processing units 202 (e.g., a microprocessor, an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), a graphics processing unit (GPU), a central processing unit (CPU), a processing core, etc.), one or more input / output (I / O) devices 206, one or more communication interfaces 208 (e.g., a universal serial bus (USB), IEEE802.3x, IEEE 802.11x, IEEE 802.16x, Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM), code division multiple access (CDMA), time division multiple access (TDMA), global positioning system (GPS), infrared (IR), Bluetooth, ZIGBEE, and / or similar types of interfaces), one or more programming (e.g., I / O) interfaces 210, a memory 220, and one or more communication buses 204 for interconnecting these components and various other components.

[0174] In some embodiments, the one or more communication buses 204 include circuits that interconnect and control communications between system components. In some embodiments, the one or more I / O devices 206 include at least one of a keyboard, a mouse, a touchpad, a joystick, one or more microphones, one or more speakers, one or more image sensors, one or more displays, and the like.

[0175] Memory 220 includes high-speed random access memory, such as dynamic random access memory (DRAM), static random access memory (SRAM), double data rate random access memory (DDR RAM), or other random access solid-state memory devices. In some embodiments, memory 220 includes non-volatile memory, such as one or more magnetic disk storage devices, optical disk storage devices, flash memory devices, or other non-volatile solid-state storage devices. Memory 220 optionally includes one or more storage devices located away from one or more processing units 202. Memory 220 includes non-transitory computer-readable storage media. In some embodiments, memory 220 or a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of memory 220 stores the following programs, modules, and data structures, or a subset thereof, including an optional operating system 230 and an XR experience module 240.

[0176] The operating system 230 includes instructions for handling various basic system services and for performing hardware-related tasks. In some embodiments, the XR experience module 240 is configured to manage and coordinate single or multiple XR experiences for one or more users (e.g., a single XR experience for one or more users, or multiple XR experiences for corresponding groups of one or more users). To this end, in various embodiments, the XR experience module 240 includes a data acquisition unit 241, a tracking unit 242, a coordination unit 246, and a data transmission unit 248.

[0177] In some embodiments, the data acquisition unit 241 is configured to Figure 1A 1 and / or peripherals 195. The data acquisition unit 241 may be configured to acquire data (e.g., presentation data, interaction data, sensor data, position data, etc.) from at least the display generation component 120 of the display generation component 120, and optionally from one or more of the input device 125, the output device 155, the sensor 190, and / or the peripheral device 195. To this end, in various embodiments, the data acquisition unit 241 includes instructions and / or logic for instructions, as well as heuristics and metadata for the heuristics.

[0178] In some embodiments, the tracking unit 242 is configured to map the scene 105 and track at least the display generation component 120 relative to the scene 105. Figure 1A The tracking unit 242 includes instructions and / or logic for instructions and heuristics and metadata for the heuristics. In some embodiments, the tracking unit 242 includes a hand tracking unit 244 and / or an eye tracking unit 243. In some embodiments, the hand tracking unit 244 is configured to track the position / location of one or more parts of the user's hand and / or the position of one or more parts of the user's hand relative to the scene 105. Figure 1A The movement of the scene 105 relative to the display generation component 120 and / or relative to the coordinate system (the coordinate system is defined relative to the user's hand). Figure 4 The hand tracking unit 244 is described in more detail. In some embodiments, the eye tracking unit 243 is configured to track the position or movement of the user's gaze (or more broadly, the user's eyes, face, or head) relative to the scene 105 (e.g., relative to the physical environment and / or relative to the user (e.g., the user's hands)) or relative to the XR content displayed via the display generation component 120. Figure 5 The eye tracking unit 243 is described in more detail.

[0179] In some embodiments, the coordination unit 246 is configured to manage and coordinate the XR experience presented to the user by the display generation component 120, and optionally by one or more of the output device 155 and / or peripheral devices 195. To this end, in various embodiments, the coordination unit 246 includes instructions and / or logic for the instructions, as well as heuristics and metadata for the heuristics.

[0180] In some embodiments, data transmission unit 248 is configured to transmit data (e.g., presentation data, position data, etc.) to at least display generation component 120, and optionally to one or more of input device 125, output device 155, sensor 190, and / or peripheral device 195. To this end, in various embodiments, data transmission unit 248 includes instructions and / or logic for the instructions, as well as heuristics and metadata for the heuristics.

[0181] Although the data acquisition unit 241, the tracking unit 242 (e.g., including the eye tracking unit 243 and the hand tracking unit 244), the coordination unit 246, and the data transmission unit 248 are shown as residing on a single device (e.g., the controller 110), it should be understood that in other embodiments, any combination of the data acquisition unit 241, the tracking unit 242 (e.g., including the eye tracking unit 243 and the hand tracking unit 244), the coordination unit 246, and the data transmission unit 248 may be located in separate computing devices.

[0182] also, Figure 2 It serves more as a functional description of various features that may be present in a particular implementation, rather than as a structural diagram of the embodiments described herein. As one of ordinary skill in the art will recognize, items shown separately may be combined, and some items may be separated. For example, Figure 2 Some functional modules shown separately in the figure may be implemented in a single module, and the various functions of a single functional block may be implemented by one or more functional blocks in various embodiments. The actual number of modules and the division of specific functions and how features are distributed among them will vary depending on the specific implementation and, in some embodiments, will depend in part on the specific combination of hardware, software, and / or firmware selected for a particular implementation.

[0183] Figure 3is a block diagram of an example of a display generation component 120 according to some embodiments. While some specific features are shown, those skilled in the art will recognize from this disclosure that various other features are not shown for the sake of brevity and so as not to obscure more relevant aspects of the embodiments disclosed herein. For this purpose, as a non-limiting example, in some embodiments, the display generation component 120 (e.g., an HMD) includes one or more processing units 302 (e.g., a microprocessor, an ASIC, an FPGA, a GPU, a CPU, a processing core, etc.), one or more input / output (I / O) devices and sensors 306, one or more communication interfaces 308 (e.g., USB, FIREWIRE, THUNDERBOLT, IEEE 802.3x, IEEE802.11x, IEEE 802.16x, GSM, CDMA, TDMA, GPS, IR, BLUETOOTH, ZIGBEE, and / or similar types of interfaces), one or more programming (e.g., I / O) interfaces 310, one or more XR displays 312, one or more optional internal-facing and / or external-facing image sensors 314, memory 320, and one or more communication buses 304 for interconnecting these and various other components.

[0184] In some embodiments, the one or more communication buses 304 include circuits for interconnecting and controlling communications between various system components. In some embodiments, the one or more I / O devices and sensors 306 include an inertial measurement unit (IMU), an accelerometer, a gyroscope, a thermometer, one or more physiological sensors (e.g., a blood pressure monitor, a heart rate monitor, a blood oxygen sensor, a blood glucose sensor, etc.), one or more microphones, one or more speakers, a haptic engine, and / or one or more depth sensors (e.g., structured light, time of flight, etc.), etc.

[0185] In some embodiments, one or more XR displays 312 are configured to provide an XR experience to the user. In some embodiments, one or more XR displays 312 correspond to holographic, digital light processing (DLP), liquid crystal display (LCD), liquid crystal on silicon (LCoS), organic light-emitting field effect transistor (OLET), organic light-emitting diode (OLED), surface conduction electron emission display (SED), field emission display (FED), quantum dot light-emitting diode (QD-LED), microelectromechanical system (MEMS) and / or similar display types. In some embodiments, one or more XR displays 312 correspond to diffraction, reflection, polarization, holographic and other waveguide displays. For example, the display generation component 120 (e.g., HMD) includes a single XR display. For another example, the display generation component 120 includes an XR display for each eye of the user. In some embodiments, one or more XR displays 312 are capable of presenting MR and VR content. In some embodiments, one or more XR displays 312 are capable of presenting MR or VR content.

[0186] In some embodiments, the one or more image sensors 314 are configured to acquire image data corresponding to at least a portion of the user's face, including the user's eyes (and may be referred to as an eye-tracking camera). In some embodiments, the one or more image sensors 314 are configured to acquire image data corresponding to the user's hands and, optionally, at least a portion of the user's arms (and may be referred to as a hand-tracking camera). In some embodiments, the one or more image sensors 314 are configured to face forward so as to acquire image data corresponding to the scene that the user would see in the absence of the display generation component 120 (e.g., an HMD) (and may be referred to as a scene camera). The one or more optional image sensors 314 may include one or more RGB cameras (e.g., having a complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) image sensor or a charge coupled device (CCD) image sensor), one or more infrared (IR) cameras, and / or one or more event-based cameras, among others.

[0187] Memory 320 includes high-speed random access memory, such as DRAM, SRAM, DDR RAM, or other random access solid-state memory devices. In some embodiments, memory 320 includes non-volatile memory, such as one or more magnetic disk storage devices, optical disk storage devices, flash memory devices, or other non-volatile solid-state storage devices. Memory 320 optionally includes one or more storage devices located away from one or more processing units 302. Memory 320 includes non-transitory computer-readable storage media. In some embodiments, memory 320 or a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of memory 320 stores the following programs, modules, and data structures, or a subset thereof, including an optional operating system 330 and an XR rendering module 340.

[0188] The operating system 330 includes processes for handling various basic system services and for performing hardware-related tasks. In some embodiments, the XR rendering module 340 is configured to present XR content to the user via one or more XR displays 312. For this purpose, in various embodiments, the XR rendering module 340 includes a data acquisition unit 342, an XR rendering unit 344, an XR map generation unit 346, and a data transmission unit 348.

[0189] In some embodiments, the data acquisition unit 342 is configured to at least Figure 1A The controller 110 acquires data (e.g., presentation data, interaction data, sensor data, positioning data, etc.). For this purpose, in various embodiments, the data acquisition unit 342 includes instructions and / or logic for instructions and heuristics and metadata for the heuristics.

[0190] In some embodiments, the XR rendering unit 344 is configured to render XR content via one or more XR displays 312. For such purposes, in various embodiments, the XR rendering unit 344 includes instructions and / or logic for the instructions and heuristics and metadata for the heuristics.

[0191] In some embodiments, the XR map generation unit 346 is configured to generate an XR map (e.g., a 3D map of a mixed reality scene or a map of a physical environment in which computer-generated objects can be placed to generate an extended reality) based on the media content data. For this purpose, in various embodiments, the XR map generation unit 346 includes instructions and / or logic for the instructions and heuristics and metadata for the heuristics.

[0192] In some embodiments, the data transmission unit 348 is configured to transmit data (e.g., presentation data, position data, etc.) to at least the controller 110, and optionally one or more of the input device 125, the output device 155, the sensor 190, and / or the peripheral device 195. For such purposes, in various embodiments, the data transmission unit 348 includes instructions and / or logic for the instructions and heuristics and metadata for the heuristics.

[0193] Although the data acquisition unit 342, the XR rendering unit 344, the XR map generation unit 346, and the data transmission unit 348 are shown as residing on a single device (e.g., Figure 1A , but it should be understood that in other embodiments, any combination of the data acquisition unit 342, the XR rendering unit 344, the XR map generation unit 346, and the data transmission unit 348 may be located in a separate computing device.

[0194] also, Figure 3 It serves more as a functional description of various features that may be present in a particular embodiment, rather than as a structural schematic diagram of the embodiments described herein. As one of ordinary skill in the art will recognize, items shown separately may be combined, and some items may be separated. For example, Figure 3 Some functional modules shown separately in the figure may be implemented in a single module, and the various functions of a single functional block may be implemented by one or more functional blocks in various embodiments. The actual number of modules and the division of specific functions and how features are distributed among them will vary depending on the specific implementation and, in some embodiments, will depend in part on the specific combination of hardware, software, and / or firmware selected for a particular implementation.

[0195] Figure 4 is a schematic illustration of an exemplary embodiment of the hand tracking device 140. In some embodiments, the hand tracking device 140 ( Figure 1A ) is controlled by the hand tracking unit 244 ( Figure 2 ) to track the position / location of one or more parts of the user's hand, and / or the movement of one or more parts of the user's hand relative to the scene 105 of Figure 1 (e.g., relative to a portion of the physical environment surrounding the user, relative to the display generation component 120, or relative to a portion of the user (e.g., the user's face, eyes, or head), and / or relative to a coordinate system (which is defined relative to the user's hand)). In some embodiments, the hand tracking device 140 is part of the display generation component 120 (e.g., embedded in or attached to the head-mounted device). In some embodiments, the hand tracking device 140 is separate from the display generation component 120 (e.g., located in a separate housing or attached to a separate physical support structure).

[0196] In some embodiments, the hand tracking device 140 includes an image sensor 404 (e.g., one or more IR cameras, 3D cameras, depth cameras, and / or color cameras, etc.) that captures three-dimensional scene information, including at least a human user's hand 406. The image sensor 404 captures images of the hand at a sufficient resolution to enable the fingers and their respective positions to be distinguished. The image sensor 404 typically captures images of other parts of the user's body, or may also capture images of all parts of the body, and may have zoom capabilities or specialized sensors with increased magnification to capture images of the hand at a desired resolution. In some embodiments, the image sensor 404 also captures 2D color video images of the hand 406 and other elements of the scene. In some embodiments, the image sensor 404 is used in conjunction with other image sensors to capture the physical environment of the scene 105, or serves as an image sensor for capturing the physical environment of the scene 105. In some embodiments, the image sensor 404 is positioned relative to the user or the user's environment in such a way that the field of view of the image sensor 404, or a portion thereof, is used to define an interaction space in which hand movements captured by the image sensor are treated as input to the controller 110.

[0197] In some embodiments, the image sensor 404 outputs a sequence of frames containing 3D image data (and possibly color image data) to the controller 110, which extracts high-level information from the image data. This high-level information is typically provided via an application program interface (API) to an application running on the controller, which in turn drives the display generation component 120. For example, a user can interact with the software running on the controller 110 by moving his hand 406 and changing his hand posture.

[0198] In some embodiments, the image sensor 404 projects a speckled pattern onto a scene containing the hand 406 and captures an image of the projected pattern. In some embodiments, the controller 110 calculates the 3D coordinates of points in the scene (including points on the surface of the user's hand) by triangulation based on the lateral offsets of the spots in the pattern. This approach is advantageous because it does not require the user to hold or wear any kind of beacon, sensor, or other marker. The method gives the depth coordinates of a point in the scene relative to a predetermined reference plane at a specific distance from the image sensor 404. In the present disclosure, it is assumed that the image sensor 404 defines an orthogonal set of x-axis, y-axis, and z-axis such that the depth coordinates of a point in the scene correspond to the z component measured by the image sensor. Alternatively, the image sensor 404 (e.g., a hand tracking device) may use other 3D mapping methods based on a single or multiple cameras or other types of sensors, such as stereo imaging or time-of-flight measurement.

[0199] In some embodiments, the hand tracking device 140 captures and processes a time series of depth maps containing the user's hand as the user moves his hand (e.g., the entire hand or one or more fingers). Software running on the image sensor 404 and / or the processor in the controller 110 processes the 3D map data to extract image patch descriptors of the hand in these depth maps. The software can match these descriptors with image patch descriptors stored in the database 408 based on a previous learning process to estimate the pose of the hand in each frame. The pose typically includes the 3D positions of the user's hand joints and fingertips.

[0200] The software can also analyze the trajectory of the hand and / or finger over multiple frames in the sequence to identify gestures. The pose estimation function described herein can be alternated with the motion tracking function so that the image block-based pose estimation is performed only once every two (or more) frames, and tracking is used to find changes in pose that occur on the remaining frames. The pose, motion, and gesture information is provided to the application running on the controller 110 via the above-mentioned API. The program can, for example, move and modify the image presented on the display generation component 120 in response to the pose and / or gesture information, or perform other functions.

[0201] In some embodiments, gestures include air gestures. An air gesture is a gesture that is detected without the user touching an input element that is part of a device (e.g., computer system 101, one or more input devices 125, and / or hand tracking device 140) (or independent of an input element that is part of the device) and is based on detected movement of a part of the user's body (e.g., head, one or more arms, one or more hands, one or more fingers, and / or one or more legs) through air (including movement of the user's body relative to an absolute reference (e.g., the angle of the user's arm relative to the ground or the distance of the user's hand relative to the ground), movement relative to another part of the user's body (e.g., movement of the user's hand relative to the user's shoulder, movement of one of the user's hands relative to the user's other hand, and / or movement of a user's finger relative to another finger or part of the user's hand), and / or absolute movement of a part of the user's body (e.g., a tap gesture in which the hand moves a predetermined amount and / or speed in a predetermined posture, or a shake gesture in which a part of the user's body is rotated at a predetermined speed or amount)).

[0202] In some embodiments, according to some embodiments, the input gestures used in the various examples and embodiments described herein include air gestures for interacting with an XR environment (e.g., a virtual or mixed reality environment) performed by movement of a user's fingers relative to other fingers (or parts of the user's hands). In some embodiments, an air gesture is a gesture detected without the user touching an input element that is part of the device (or independent of an input element that is part of the device) and based on detected movement of a part of the user's body through the air (including movement of the user's body relative to an absolute reference (e.g., the angle of the user's arm relative to the ground or the distance of the user's hand relative to the ground), movement relative to another part of the user's body (e.g., movement of the user's hand relative to the user's shoulder, movement of one of the user's hands relative to the user's other hand, and / or movement of the user's fingers relative to another finger or part of the user's hand), and / or absolute movement of a part of the user's body (e.g., a tap gesture in which the hand moves a predetermined amount and / or speed in a predetermined posture, or a shake gesture including a predetermined speed or amount of rotation of a part of the user's body)).

[0203] In some embodiments where the input gesture is an in-air gesture (e.g., in the absence of physical contact with an input device that provides information to the computer system about which user interface element is the target of the user input, such as contact with a user interface element displayed on a touch screen, or contact with a mouse or trackpad to move a cursor to a user interface element), the gesture takes into account the user's attention (e.g., gaze) to determine the target of the user input (e.g., for direct input, as described below). Thus, in embodiments involving in-air gestures, for example, the input gesture is combined (e.g., simultaneously) with movement of the user's fingers and / or hand to detect attention (e.g., gaze) toward a user interface element to perform a pinch and / or tap input, as described below.

[0204] In some embodiments, an input gesture directed to a user interface object is performed directly or indirectly with reference to the user interface object. For example, user input is performed directly on the user interface object based on performing input with the user's hand at a location corresponding to the location of the user interface object in the three-dimensional environment (e.g., as determined based on the user's current viewpoint). In some embodiments, upon detecting the user's attention (e.g., gaze) to the user interface object, an input gesture is performed indirectly on the user interface object based on the user's hand not being at the location corresponding to the location of the user interface object in the three-dimensional environment while the user performs the input gesture. For example, for a direct input gesture, the user can direct the user's input to the user interface object by initiating a gesture at or near a location corresponding to the display location of the user interface object (e.g., within 0.5 cm, 1 cm, 5 cm, or a distance between 0 and 5 cm measured from the outer edge of the option or the center portion of the option). For an indirect input gesture, the user can direct the user's input to the user interface object by focusing on the user interface object (e.g., by gazing at the user interface object), and while focusing on the option, the user initiates an input gesture (e.g., at any location detectable by the computer system) (e.g., at a location that does not correspond to the display location of the user interface object).

[0205] In some embodiments, according to some embodiments, input gestures (e.g., air gestures) used in various examples and embodiments described herein include pinch input and tap input for interacting with a virtual or mixed reality environment. For example, the pinch input and tap input described below are performed as air gestures.

[0206] In some embodiments, a pinch input is part of an air gesture that includes one or more of: a pinch gesture, a long pinch gesture, a pinch and drag gesture, or a double pinch gesture. For example, a pinch gesture as an air gesture includes movement of two or more fingers of a hand to make contact with each other, i.e., optionally followed by an immediate (e.g., within 0 to 1 second) interruption of contact with each other. A long pinch gesture as an air gesture includes movement of two or more fingers of a hand in contact with each other for at least a threshold amount of time (e.g., at least 1 second) before an interruption of contact with each other is detected. For example, a long pinch gesture includes the user maintaining a pinch gesture (e.g., in which the two or more fingers are in contact), and the long pinch gesture continues until an interruption of contact between the two or more fingers is detected. In some embodiments, a double pinch gesture as an air gesture includes two (e.g., more) pinch inputs (e.g., performed by the same hand) that are detected consecutively with each other immediately (e.g., within a predefined time period). For example, the user performs a first pinch input (e.g., a pinch input or a long pinch input), releases the first pinch input (e.g., interrupts contact between two or more fingers), and performs a second pinch input within a predefined time period (e.g., within 1 second or within 2 seconds) after releasing the first pinch input.

[0207] In some embodiments, a pinch and drag gesture as an air gesture includes a pinch gesture (e.g., a pinch gesture or a long pinch gesture) performed in conjunction with (e.g., following) a drag input that changes the position of the user's hand from a first position (e.g., the start position of the drag) to a second position (e.g., the end position of the drag). In some embodiments, the user maintains the pinch gesture while performing the drag input, and releases the pinch gesture (e.g., opens their two or more fingers) to end the drag gesture (e.g., at the second position). In some embodiments, the pinch input and the drag input are performed by the same hand (e.g., the user pinches two or more fingers to contact each other and moves the same hand to a second position in the air using a drag gesture). In some embodiments, the pinch input is performed by the user's first hand, and the drag input is performed by the user's second hand (e.g., the user's second hand moves from the first position to the second position in the air while the user continues the pinch input with the user's first hand). In some embodiments, an input gesture as an air gesture includes input performed using both of the user's hands (e.g., a pinch and / or tap input). For example, the input gesture includes two (e.g., more) pinch inputs performed in conjunction with each other (e.g., concurrently or within a predefined time period). For example, a first pinch gesture (e.g., a pinch input, a long pinch input, or a pinch and drag input) is performed using a first hand of the user, and a second pinch input is performed using another hand (e.g., a second hand of the user's two hands) in conjunction with the pinch input performed using the first hand.

[0208] In some embodiments, a tap input performed as an air gesture (e.g., pointing to a user interface element) includes movement of a user's finger toward the user interface element, movement of the user's hand toward the user interface element (optionally, extension of the user's finger toward the user interface element), a downward motion of the user's finger (e.g., mimicking a mouse click motion or a tap on a touch screen), or other predefined movement of the user's hand. In some embodiments, a tap input performed as an air gesture is detected based on movement characteristics of the finger or hand performing the tap gesture movement of the finger or hand, which is a movement of the finger or hand away from the user's viewpoint and / or toward an object that is the target of the tap input, followed by an end of the movement. In some embodiments, the end of the movement is detected based on a change in movement characteristics of the finger or hand performing the tap gesture (e.g., an end of movement away from the user's viewpoint and / or toward an object that is the target of the tap input, a reversal of the direction of movement of the finger or hand, and / or a reversal of the acceleration direction of the movement of the finger or hand).

[0209] In some embodiments, the user's attention is determined to be directed toward a portion of the three-dimensional environment based on detection of a gaze directed toward the portion of the three-dimensional environment (optionally, no other conditions are required). In some embodiments, the user's attention is determined to be directed toward a portion of the three-dimensional environment based on detection of a gaze directed toward the portion of the three-dimensional environment using one or more additional conditions, such as requiring the gaze to be directed toward the portion of the three-dimensional environment for at least a threshold duration (e.g., a dwell duration) and / or requiring the gaze to be directed toward the portion of the three-dimensional environment when the user's viewpoint is within a distance threshold from the portion of the three-dimensional environment, so that the device determines that the user's attention is directed toward the portion of the three-dimensional environment, wherein if one of these additional conditions is not met, the device determines that the attention is not directed toward the portion of the three-dimensional environment to which the gaze is directed (e.g., until the one or more additional conditions are met).

[0210] In some embodiments, the detection of a ready state configuration of a user or a portion of a user is detected by a computer system. The detection of the ready state configuration of a hand is used by the computer system as an indication that the user may be preparing to interact with the computer system using one or more air gesture inputs performed by the hand (e.g., a pinch, tap, pinch and drag, double pinch, long pinch, or other air gestures described herein). For example, the ready state of the hand is determined based on whether the hand has a predetermined hand shape (e.g., a pre-pinch shape with the thumb and one or more fingers extended and spaced apart in preparation for a pinch or grab gesture, or a pre-tap with one or more fingers extended and the palm facing away from the user), based on whether the hand is in a predetermined position relative to the user's viewpoint (e.g., below the user's head and above the user's waist and extending at least 15 cm, 20 cm, 25 cm, 30 cm, or 50 cm from the body), and / or based on whether the hand has moved in a particular manner (e.g., toward an area in front of the user above the user's waist and below the user's head, or away from the user's body or legs). In some embodiments, the ready state is used to determine whether an interactive element of a user interface responds to attention (e.g., gaze) input.

[0211] In scenarios where input is described with reference to in-air gestures, it should be understood that similar gestures may be detected using a hardware input device attached to or held by one or more hands of a user, where the position of the hardware input device in space may be tracked using optical tracking, one or more accelerometers, one or more gyroscopes, one or more magnetometers, and / or one or more inertial measurement units, and the position and / or movement of the hardware input device is used in place of the position and / or movement of the one or more hands in the corresponding in-air gesture. In scenarios where input is described with reference to in-air gestures, it should be understood that similar gestures may be detected using a hardware input device attached to or held by one or more hands of a user. User input may be detected using controls contained in a hardware input device, such as one or more touch-sensitive input elements, one or more pressure-sensitive input elements, one or more buttons, one or more knobs, one or more dials, one or more joysticks, one or more hand or finger overlays that detect changes in position or portion of a hand and / or finger relative to each other, relative to the user's body, and / or relative to the user's physical environment, and / or other hardware input device controls, wherein user input using the controls contained in the hardware input device is used in place of hand and / or finger gestures such as an air tap or air pinch in a corresponding air gesture. For example, a selection input described as being performed using an air tap or air pinch input may alternatively be detected using a button press, a tap on a touch-sensitive surface, a press on a pressure-sensitive surface, or other hardware input. As another example, movement input described as being performed using an air pinch and drag may optionally be detected based on interaction with a hardware input control, such as a button press and hold, a touch on a touch-sensitive surface, a press on a pressure-sensitive surface, or other hardware input following movement of a hardware input device (e.g., along with a hand associated with the hardware input device) through space. Similarly, two-handed input involving movement of hands relative to each other may be performed using one air gesture and one hardware input device in a hand that is not performing an air gesture, two hardware input devices held in different hands, or two air gestures performed by different hands using various combinations of air gestures and / or input detected by one or more of the aforementioned hardware input devices.

[0212] In some embodiments, the software may be downloaded to the controller 110 in electronic form, for example, over a network, or may alternatively be provided on tangible, non-transitory media such as optical, magnetic, or electronic memory media. In some embodiments, the database 408 is also stored in memory associated with the controller 110. Alternatively or in addition, some or all of the described functions of the computer may be implemented in dedicated hardware, such as a custom or semi-custom integrated circuit or a programmable digital signal processor (DSP). Although in Figure 4, but some or all of the processing functions of the controller may be performed by a suitable microprocessor and software or by dedicated circuitry within the housing of the image sensor 404 (e.g., a hand tracking device) or other device associated with the image sensor 404. In some embodiments, at least some of these processing functions may be performed by a suitable processor integrated with the display generation component 120 (e.g., in a television receiver, handheld device, or head-mounted device) or integrated with any other suitable computerized device (such as a game console or media player). The sensing functions of the image sensor 404 may also be integrated into a computer or other computerized device to be controlled by the sensor output.

[0213] Figure 4 Also included is a schematic diagram of a depth map 410 captured by the image sensor 404 according to some embodiments. As described above, the depth map includes a matrix of pixels with corresponding depth values. Pixels 412 corresponding to the hand 406 have been segmented from the background and wrist in this figure. The brightness of each pixel within the depth map 410 is inversely proportional to its depth value (i.e., the measured z distance from the image sensor 404), where shades of gray become darker with increasing depth. The controller 110 processes these depth values ​​in order to identify and segment components of the image (i.e., a group of adjacent pixels) that have characteristics of a human hand. These characteristics may include, for example, overall size, shape, and motion from frame to frame in the depth map sequence.

[0214] Figure 4 Also schematically shown is a hand skeleton 414 that the controller 110 ultimately extracts from the depth map 410 of the hand 406 according to some embodiments. Figure 4 , a hand skeleton 414 is superimposed on a hand background 416 that has been segmented from the original depth map. In some embodiments, key feature points of the hand and, optionally, on the wrist or arm connected to the hand (e.g., points corresponding to knuckles, finger tips, the center of the palm, the end of the hand connected to the wrist, etc.) are identified and located on the hand skeleton 414. In some embodiments, the controller 110 uses the position and movement of these key feature points over multiple image frames to determine a gesture performed by the hand or the current state of the hand according to some embodiments.

[0215] Figure 5 An eye tracking device 130 ( Figure 1A ). In some embodiments, the eye tracking device 130 is composed of an eye tracking unit 243 ( Figure 2) controls to track the position and movement of the user's gaze relative to the scene 105 or relative to the XR content displayed via the display generation component 120. In some embodiments, the eye tracking device 130 is integrated with the display generation component 120. For example, in some embodiments, when the display generation component 120 is a head-mounted device (such as a headset, helmet, goggles, or glasses) or a handheld device placed in a wearable frame, the head-mounted device includes both components for generating XR content for the user to view and components for tracking the user's gaze relative to the XR content. In some embodiments, the eye tracking device 130 is separate from the display generation component 120. For example, when the display generation component is a handheld device or an XR room, the eye tracking device 130 is optionally a device separate from the handheld device or the XR room. In some embodiments, the eye tracking device 130 is a head-mounted device or a part of the head-mounted device. In some embodiments, the head-mounted eye tracking device 130 is optionally used in conjunction with a display generation component that is also head-mounted or a display generation component that is not head-mounted. In some embodiments, the eye tracking device 130 is not a head-mounted device and is optionally used in conjunction with a head-mounted display generation component. In some embodiments, the eye tracking device 130 is not a head-mounted device and is optionally part of a non-head-mounted display generation component.

[0216] In some embodiments, the display generation component 120 uses a display mechanism (e.g., a left near-eye display panel and a right near-eye display panel) to display a frame including a left image and a right image in front of the user's eyes, thereby providing the user with a 3D virtual view. For example, the head-mounted display generation component may include a left optical lens and a right optical lens (referred to herein as eye lenses) located between the display and the user's eyes. In some embodiments, the display generation component may include or be coupled to one or more external cameras that capture video of the user's environment for display. In some embodiments, the head-mounted display generation component may have a transparent or translucent display and display virtual objects on the transparent or translucent display, through which the user can directly view the physical environment. In some embodiments, the display generation component projects the virtual objects into the physical environment. The virtual objects may, for example, be projected onto a physical surface or projected as a hologram, so that the individual using the system observes the virtual objects superimposed on the physical environment. In this case, separate display panels and image frames for the left and right eyes may not be required.

[0217] like Figure 5As shown in , in some embodiments, the eye tracking device 130 (e.g., a gaze tracking device) includes at least one eye tracking camera (e.g., an infrared (IR) or near infrared (NIR) camera), and an illumination source (e.g., an IR or NIR light source, such as an array or ring of LEDs) that emits light (e.g., IR or NIR light) toward the user's eyes. The eye tracking camera can be pointed at the user's eyes to receive IR or NIR light that the light source reflects directly from the eyes, or alternatively can be pointed at "hot" mirrors located between the user's eyes and the display panel, which reflect IR or NIR light from the eyes toward the eye tracking camera while allowing visible light to pass through. The eye tracking device 130 optionally captures images of the user's eyes (e.g., as a video stream captured at 60-120 frames per second (fps)), analyzes these images to generate gaze tracking information, and transmits the gaze tracking information to the controller 110. In some embodiments, both eyes of the user are tracked separately by corresponding eye tracking cameras and illumination sources. In some embodiments, only one eye of the user is tracked by corresponding eye tracking camera and illumination source.

[0218] In some embodiments, the eye tracking device 130 is calibrated using a device-specific calibration process to determine the parameters of the eye tracking device for a specific operating environment 100, such as the 3D geometry and parameters of the LED, camera, thermal mirror (if present), eye lens, and display screen. The device-specific calibration process can be performed at a factory or another facility before the AR / VR equipment is delivered to the end user. The device-specific calibration process can be an automatic calibration process or a manual calibration process. According to some embodiments, the user-specific calibration process can include an estimation of eye parameters of a specific user, such as pupil position, fovea position, optical axis, visual axis, eye spacing, etc. According to some embodiments, once the device-specific parameters and user-specific parameters are determined for the eye tracking device 130, a flash-assisted method can be used to process the images captured by the eye tracking camera to determine the current visual axis and the user's gaze point relative to the display.

[0219] like Figure 5As shown in FIG, an eye tracking device 130 (e.g., 130A or 130B) includes an eye lens 520 and a gaze tracking system that includes at least one eye tracking camera 540 (e.g., an infrared (IR) or near infrared (NIR) camera) positioned on the side of the user's face on which eye tracking is performed, and an illumination source 530 (e.g., an IR or NIR light source, such as an array or ring of NIR light emitting diodes (LEDs)) that emits light (e.g., IR or NIR light) toward the user's eye 592. The eye tracking camera 540 may be directed toward a mirror 550 (which reflects the IR or NIR light from the eye 592 while allowing visible light to pass) located between the user's eye 592 and a display 510 (e.g., a left display panel or a right display panel of a head-mounted display, or a display of a handheld device, a projector, etc.). Figure 5 ), or alternatively may be directed toward the user's eye 592 to receive reflected IR or NIR light from the eye 592 (e.g., as shown in the top portion of Figure 5 (as shown in the bottom portion of the ).

[0220] In some embodiments, the controller 110 renders AR or VR frames 562 (e.g., left and right frames for left and right display panels) and provides the frames 562 to the display 510. The controller 110 uses the gaze tracking input 542 from the eye tracking camera 540 for various purposes, such as for processing the frames 562 for display. The controller 110 optionally estimates the user's gaze point on the display 510 based on the gaze tracking input 542 obtained from the eye tracking camera 540 using a flash-assisted method or other suitable method. The gaze point estimated from the gaze tracking input 542 is optionally used to determine the direction the user is currently looking.

[0221] The following describes several possible use cases for the user's current gaze direction and is not intended to be limiting. As an example use case, the controller 110 may render virtual content differently based on the determined direction of the user's gaze. For example, the controller 110 may generate virtual content at a higher resolution in the foveal region determined based on the user's current gaze direction than in the peripheral region. As another example, the controller may position or move virtual content within the view based at least in part on the user's current gaze direction. As another example, the controller may display specific virtual content within the view based at least in part on the user's current gaze direction. As another example use case in an AR application, the controller 110 may direct an external camera used to capture the physical environment of an XR experience to focus in the determined direction. The external camera's autofocus mechanism may then focus on an object or surface in the environment on the display 510 that the user is currently looking at. As another example use case, the eye lens 520 may be a focusable lens, and the controller may use gaze tracking information to adjust the focus of the eye lens 520 so that the virtual object the user is currently looking at has the appropriate vergence to match the convergence of the user's eye 592. The controller 110 can use the gaze tracking information to guide the eye lens 520 to adjust the focus so that nearby objects that the user is looking at appear at the correct distance.

[0222] In some embodiments, the eye tracking device is part of a head-mounted device that includes a display (e.g., display 510), two eye lenses (e.g., eye lenses 520), an eye tracking camera (e.g., eye tracking camera 540), and a light source (e.g., illumination source 530 (e.g., IR or NIR LED)). The light source emits light (e.g., IR or NIR light) toward the user's eyes 592. In some embodiments, the light sources can be arranged in a ring or circle around each of the lenses, such as Figure 5 In some embodiments, for example, eight illumination sources 530 (e.g., LEDs) are arranged around each lens 520. However, more or fewer illumination sources 530 can be used, and other arrangements and positions of illumination sources 530 can be used.

[0223] In some embodiments, the display 510 emits light in the visible range and does not emit light in the IR or NIR range, and therefore does not introduce noise into the gaze tracking system. It should be noted that the positions and angles of the eye tracking cameras 540 are given by way of example and are not intended to be limiting. In some embodiments, a single eye tracking camera 540 is located on each side of the user's face. In some embodiments, two or more NIR cameras 540 may be used on each side of the user's face. In some embodiments, a camera 540 with a wider field of view (FOV) and a camera 540 with a narrower FOV may be used on each side of the user's face. In some embodiments, a camera 540 operating at one wavelength (e.g., 850 nm) and a camera 540 operating at a different wavelength (e.g., 940 nm) may be used on each side of the user's face.

[0224] like Figure 5 The embodiments of the gaze tracking system shown in can, for example, be used in computer-generated reality, virtual reality, and / or mixed reality applications to provide a computer-generated reality, virtual reality, augmented reality, and / or augmented virtual experience to a user.

[0225] Figure 6 FIGURE 1 illustrates a flash-assisted gaze tracking pipeline according to some embodiments. In some embodiments, the gaze tracking pipeline is implemented by a flash-assisted gaze tracking system (e.g., Figures 1A to 1P and Figure 5 The flash-assisted gaze tracking system can maintain a tracking state. Initially, the tracking state is off or "no." When in the tracking state, the flash-assisted gaze tracking system uses previous information from previous frames when analyzing the current frame to track the pupil outline and glint in the current frame. When not in the tracking state, the flash-assisted gaze tracking system attempts to detect the pupil and glint in the current frame, and if successful, initializes the tracking state to "yes" and continues to the next frame in the tracking state.

[0226] like Figure 6 As shown in , the gaze tracking camera can capture left and right images of the user's left and right eyes. The captured images are then input to the gaze tracking pipeline for processing starting at 610. As indicated by the arrow returning to element 600, the gaze tracking system can continue to capture images of the user's eyes at a rate of, for example, 60 to 120 frames per second. In some embodiments, each set of captured images can be input to the pipeline for processing. However, in some embodiments or under some conditions, not all captured frames are processed by the pipeline.

[0227] At 610, for the currently captured image, if the tracking status is yes, the method proceeds to element 640. At 610, if the tracking status is no, the image is analyzed to detect the user's pupil and glint in the image, as indicated at 620. At 630, if the pupil and glint are successfully detected, the method proceeds to element 640. Otherwise, the method returns to element 610 to process the next image of the user's eye.

[0228] At 640, if proceeding from element 610, the current frame is analyzed to track the pupil and glint based in part on previous information from the previous frame. At 640, if proceeding from element 630, the tracking state is initialized based on the pupil and glint detected in the current frame. The processing result at element 640 is checked to verify that the tracking or detection result can be trusted. For example, the result can be checked to determine whether the pupil and a sufficient number of glints were successfully tracked or detected in the current frame to perform gaze estimation. At 650, if the result is not likely to be trusted, at element 660, the tracking state is set to no, and the method returns to element 610 to process the next image of the user's eye. At 650, if the result is trustworthy, the method proceeds to element 670. At 670, the tracking state is set to YES (if not already yes), and the pupil and glint information is passed to element 680 to estimate the user's gaze point.

[0229] Figure 6 This is intended to be used as an example of an eye tracking technology that may be used for a particular implementation. As one of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate, according to various embodiments, other eye tracking technologies currently existing or developed in the future may be used in place of or in combination with the flash-assisted eye tracking technology described herein in the computer system 101 for providing an XR experience to a user.

[0230] In some embodiments, the captured portion of the real-world environment 602 is used to provide an XR experience to the user, such as a mixed reality environment in which one or more virtual objects are superimposed on top of the representation of the real-world environment 602.

[0231] Thus, the description herein describes some embodiments of a three-dimensional environment (e.g., an XR environment) that includes representations of real-world objects and representations of virtual objects. For example, the three-dimensional environment optionally includes a representation of a table present in a physical environment, which is captured and displayed in the three-dimensional environment (e.g., actively displayed via a camera and display of a computer system or passively displayed via a transparent or translucent display of the computer system). As previously described, the three-dimensional environment is optionally a mixed reality system, wherein the three-dimensional environment is based on a physical environment captured by one or more sensors of the computer system and displayed via a display generation component. As a mixed reality system, the computer system is optionally capable of selectively displaying portions and / or objects of the physical environment so that the corresponding portions and / or objects of the physical environment appear as if they exist in the three-dimensional environment displayed by the computer system. Similarly, the computer system is optionally capable of displaying virtual objects in the three-dimensional environment so that it appears as if the virtual objects exist in the real world (e.g., a physical environment) by placing the virtual objects at corresponding locations in the three-dimensional environment that have corresponding locations in the real world. For example, the computer system optionally displays a vase so that the vase appears as if a real vase is placed on top of a table in the physical environment. In some embodiments, a corresponding location in the three-dimensional environment has a corresponding location in the physical environment. Thus, when a computer system is described as displaying a virtual object at a corresponding location relative to a physical object (e.g., such as at a location at or near a user's hand or at a location at or near a physical table), the computer system displays the virtual object at a particular location in the three-dimensional environment such that it appears as if the virtual object is at or near the physical object in the physical environment (e.g., the virtual object is displayed at a location in the three-dimensional environment that corresponds to the location in the physical environment where the virtual object would be displayed if it were the real object at that particular location).

[0232] In some embodiments, real-world objects present in the physical environment that are displayed in the three-dimensional environment (e.g., and / or visible via a display generation component) can interact with virtual objects that exist only in the three-dimensional environment. For example, the three-dimensional environment may include a table and a vase placed on top of the table, where the table is a view (or representation) of a physical table in the physical environment and the vase is a virtual object.

[0233] In a three-dimensional environment (e.g., a real environment, a virtual environment, or an environment that includes a mixture of real and virtual objects), objects are sometimes referred to as having depth or simulated depth, or objects are referred to as being visible, displayed, or placed at different depths. In this context, depth refers to a dimension other than height or width. In some embodiments, depth is defined relative to a fixed set of coordinates (e.g., where a room or object has a height, depth, and width defined relative to a fixed set of coordinates). In some embodiments, depth is defined relative to the user's position or viewpoint, in which case the depth dimension varies based on the user's position and / or the position and angle of the user's viewpoint. In some embodiments in which depth is defined relative to the user's position, the user's position is positioned relative to the surface of the environment (e.g., the surface of the floor or ground of the environment), objects that are farther away from the user along a line extending parallel to the surface are considered to have greater depth in the environment, and / or the depth of an object is measured along an axis extending outward from the user's position and parallel to the surface of the environment (e.g., depth is defined in a cylindrical or substantially cylindrical coordinate system, where the user's position is at the center of a cylinder extending from the user's head toward the user's feet). In some embodiments where depth is defined relative to a user's viewpoint (e.g., relative to a direction of a point in space that determines which portion of an environment is visible via a head-mounted device or other display), objects that are farther away from the user's viewpoint along a line extending parallel to the user's viewpoint are considered to have greater depth in the environment, and / or the depth of an object is measured along an axis extending outward from a line extending to and parallel to the user's viewpoint (e.g., depth is defined in a spherical or substantially spherical coordinate system with the origin of the viewpoint at the center of a sphere extending outward from the user's head). In some embodiments, depth is defined relative to a user interface container (e.g., a window or application in which applications and / or system content are displayed), where the user interface container has a height and / or width, and depth is a dimension orthogonal to the height and / or width of the user interface container. In some embodiments, where depth is defined relative to a user interface container, when the container is placed in a three-dimensional environment or initially displayed (e.g., such that the depth dimension of the container extends outward away from the user or the user's viewpoint), the height and / or width of the container is generally orthogonal or substantially orthogonal to a line extending from a user-based position (e.g., the user's viewpoint or the user's position) to the user interface container (e.g., the center of the user interface container or another feature point of the user interface container). In some embodiments, where depth is defined relative to a user interface container, the depth of an object relative to the user interface container refers to the position of the object along the depth dimension of the user interface container. In some embodiments, multiple different containers may have different depth dimensions (e.g., different depth dimensions extending away from the user or from the user's viewpoint in different directions and / or from different starting points).In some embodiments, when depth is defined relative to a user interface container, the direction of the depth dimension remains constant for the user interface container as the position of the user interface container, the user, and / or the user's viewpoint changes (e.g., or when multiple different viewers are viewing the same container in a three-dimensional environment, such as during a face-to-face collaboration session and / or when multiple participants are in a real-time communication session with shared virtual content that includes the container). In some embodiments, for curved containers (e.g., including containers with curved surfaces or curved content areas), the depth dimension optionally extends into the surface of the curved container. In some cases, z separation (e.g., the separation of two objects in the depth dimension), z height (e.g., the distance of one object from another in the depth dimension), z position (e.g., the position of an object in the depth dimension), z depth (e.g., the position of an object in the depth dimension), or simulated z dimension (e.g., depth used as a dimension of an object, a dimension of an environment, a direction in space, and / or a direction in simulated space) is used to refer to the concept of depth as described above.

[0234] In some embodiments, the user can optionally use one or both hands to interact with virtual objects in a three-dimensional environment as if the virtual objects were real objects in the physical environment. For example, as described above, one or more sensors of the computer system optionally capture one or more of the user's hands and display representations of the user's hands in the three-dimensional environment (e.g., in a manner similar to displaying real-world objects in the three-dimensional environment described above), or in some embodiments, the user's hands can be visible via the display generation component due to the transparency / translucency of a portion of the user interface being displayed by the display generation component, or due to the projection of the user interface onto a transparent / translucent surface or onto the user's eyes or into the field of view of the user's eyes, via the ability to see the physical environment through the user interface. Thus, in some embodiments, the user's hands are displayed at corresponding locations in the three-dimensional environment and are viewed as if they were objects in the three-dimensional environment, and these objects can interact with virtual objects in the three-dimensional environment as if these virtual objects were physical objects in the physical environment. In some embodiments, the computer system can update the display of the representation of the user's hands in the three-dimensional environment in conjunction with the movement of the user's hands in the physical environment.

[0235] In some embodiments described below, the computer system is optionally capable of determining an "effective" distance between a physical object in the physical world and a virtual object in a three-dimensional environment, for example, to determine whether the physical object is directly interacting with the virtual object (e.g., whether the hand is touching, grabbing, holding, etc., or is within a threshold distance of the virtual object). For example, a hand directly interacting with a virtual object optionally includes one or more of the following: a finger of a hand pressing a virtual button, a user's hand grabbing a virtual vase, two fingers of a user's hand coming together and pinching / holding the user interface of an application, and performing any other type of interaction described herein. For example, when determining whether a user is interacting with a virtual object and / or how the user is interacting with the virtual object, the computer system optionally determines the distance between the user's hand and the virtual object. In some embodiments, the computer system determines the distance between the user's hand and the virtual object by determining the distance between the position of the hand in the three-dimensional environment and the position of the virtual object of interest in the three-dimensional environment. For example, the user's hand(s) are located at a specific location in the physical world, and the computer system optionally captures the hand(s) and displays the hand(s) at a specific corresponding location in the three-dimensional environment (e.g., where the hand(s) would be displayed in the three-dimensional environment if the hand(s) were virtual hands rather than physical hands). The hand(s)' locations in the three-dimensional environment are optionally compared to the location of a virtual object of interest in the three-dimensional environment to determine the distance between the user's hand(s) and the virtual object(s). In some embodiments, the computer system optionally determines the distance between the physical object(s) and the virtual object(s) by comparing locations in the physical world (e.g., rather than comparing locations in the three-dimensional environment). For example, when determining the distance between the user's hand(s) and the virtual object(s), the computer system optionally determines the corresponding location of the virtual object(s) in the physical world (e.g., where the virtual object(s) would be located in the physical world if the virtual object(s) were physical objects rather than virtual objects), and then determines the distance between the corresponding physical location and the user's hand(s). In some embodiments, the same technique is optionally used to determine the distance between any physical object and any virtual object. Thus, as described herein, when determining whether a physical object is in contact with a virtual object or whether a physical object is within a threshold distance of a virtual object, the computer system optionally executes any of the techniques described above to map the position of the physical object to a three-dimensional environment and / or map the position of the virtual object to the physical environment.

[0236] In some embodiments, the same or similar techniques are used to determine where and what the user's gaze is directed to, and / or where and what the physical stylus held by the user is pointed to. For example, if the user's gaze is directed to a particular location in the physical environment, the computer system optionally determines a corresponding location in the three-dimensional environment (e.g., a virtual location of the gaze), and if a virtual object is located at the corresponding virtual location, the computer system optionally determines that the user's gaze is directed to the virtual object. Similarly, the computer system is optionally able to determine the direction in which the stylus is pointing in the physical environment based on the orientation of the physical stylus. In some embodiments, based on this determination, the computer system determines a corresponding virtual location in the three-dimensional environment that corresponds to the location in the physical environment that the stylus is pointing to, and optionally determines that the stylus is pointing to the corresponding virtual location in the three-dimensional environment.

[0237] Similarly, the embodiments described herein may refer to the position of a user (e.g., a user of a computer system) in a three-dimensional environment and / or the position of a computer system in a three-dimensional environment. In some embodiments, the user of the computer system is holding, wearing, or otherwise located at or near the computer system. Thus, in some embodiments, the position of the computer system is used as a proxy for the position of the user. In some embodiments, the position of the computer system and / or the user in the physical environment corresponds to a corresponding position in the three-dimensional environment. For example, the position of the computer system will be a position in the physical environment (and its corresponding position in the three-dimensional environment) that, if the user were standing at that position, facing the corresponding portion of the physical environment visible via the display generation component, would be visible to the user from that position in the physical environment in the same position, orientation, and / or size (e.g., in absolute terms and / or relative to each other) as the objects displayed in the three-dimensional environment by the display generation component of the computer system or visible in the three-dimensional environment via the display generation component. Similarly, if the virtual objects displayed in the three-dimensional environment are physical objects in the physical environment (e.g., physical objects placed at the same location in the physical environment as the virtual objects are in the three-dimensional environment, and physical objects that have the same size and orientation in the physical environment as they do in the three-dimensional environment), then the position of the computer system and / or user is the position from which the user would see the virtual objects in the physical environment at the same location, orientation, and / or size (e.g., in absolute terms and / or relative to each other and real-world objects) as the virtual objects displayed in the three-dimensional environment by the display generation components of the computer system.

[0238] In this disclosure, various input methods are described with respect to interaction with a computer system. When an example is provided using one input device or input method, and another example is provided using another input device or input method, it should be understood that each example is compatible with and optionally utilizes the input device or input method described with respect to the other example. Similarly, various output methods are described with respect to interaction with a computer system. When an example is provided using one output device or output method, and another example is provided using another output device or output method, it should be understood that each example is compatible with and optionally utilizes the output device or output method described with respect to the other example. Similarly, various methods are described with respect to interaction with a virtual environment or a mixed reality environment through a computer system. When an example is provided using interaction with a virtual environment, and another example is provided using a mixed reality environment, it should be understood that each example is compatible with and optionally utilizes the methods described with respect to the other example. Therefore, this disclosure discloses embodiments that are combinations of features from multiple examples, without necessarily listing all features of the embodiments in detail in the description of each example embodiment.

[0239] User interface and associated processes

[0240] Attention is now turned to embodiments of a user interface ("UI") and associated processes that may be implemented on a computer system (such as a portable multifunction device or a head-mounted device) in communication with display generation components and (optionally) one or more input devices.

[0241] 7A to 7O An example of user authentication is shown. Figure 8A is a flow chart of an exemplary method 800 for user authentication. Figure 8B is a flow diagram of an exemplary method 850 for user authentication.

[0242] 7A to 7O The user interface in is used to illustrate the processes described below, which include Figure 8A and Figure 8B in the process.

[0243] Figure 7AAn electronic device 700 is depicted that is a tablet computer that includes a touch-sensitive display 702 and one or more input sensors 704 (e.g., one or more cameras, eye gaze trackers, hand movement trackers, and / or head movement trackers). In some embodiments described below, the electronic device 700 is a tablet computer. In some embodiments, the electronic device 700 is a smartphone, a wearable device, a wearable smartwatch device, a head-mounted system (e.g., a headset), or other computer system that includes one or more display devices (e.g., a display screen, a projection device, etc.) and / or communicates with the one or more display devices. The electronic device 700 is a computer system (e.g., Figure 1A Computer system 101 in).

[0244] exist Figure 7A At , the electronic device 700 is in a low-power, inactive, or dormant state, where content is not displayed via the display 702. Figure 7A At , the electronic device 700 detects user input 706. In the depicted embodiment, the user input 706 is a touch input via the touch screen display 702. However, in some embodiments, the user input 706 is a non-touch input, such as a gesture or other action taken by the user. For example, in some embodiments, the electronic device 700 is a head-mounted system, and the user input 706 includes, for example, the user placing the electronic device 700 on his or her head, performing a gesture while wearing the electronic device 700, and / or pressing a button while wearing the electronic device 700.

[0245] exist Figure 7B At , in response to user input 706, the electronic device 700 transitions from a low-power, inactive, or sleep state to an active state, wherein the electronic device 700 displays a three-dimensional environment 708 and a gaze target 710 via the display 702. In some embodiments, the three-dimensional environment 708 is displayed by the display (e.g., Figure 7B ). In some embodiments, the three-dimensional environment 708 includes a virtual environment or an image (or video) of a physical environment captured by one or more cameras. In some embodiments, the three-dimensional environment 708 is visible to the user behind the gaze target 710 but is not displayed by a display. For example, in some embodiments, the three-dimensional environment 708 is a physical environment that is visible to the user behind the gaze target 710 (e.g., through a transparent display) but is not displayed by a display.

[0246] exist Figure 7B At , the electronic device 700 is in an active state, but also in a locked state, wherein one or more features of the device are locked and / or unavailable to the user. In the depicted embodiment, user authentication is required to unlock the electronic device 700. Figure 7B, the electronic device 700 is configured to perform biometric authentication of the user (e.g., authenticating and / or identifying the user based on biometric information collected from the user), including eye-based user authentication (e.g., scanning one or more eyes of the user (e.g., via input sensor 704) and identifying the user based on the eye scan). The electronic device 700 displays a gaze target 710 to encourage the user to look at the gaze target 710 in order to maximize the accuracy of the eye scan and eye-based user authentication. Figure 7B In the example, the three-dimensional environment 708 is visually blurred (e.g. Figure 7B ) (e.g., displayed with reduced focus, reduced sharpness, reduced color saturation, and / or greater opacity) in order to draw the user's attention and fixation on the fixation target 710. As discussed above, in some embodiments, the three-dimensional environment 708 is a "see-through" environment that the user sees through a transparent display and is not displayed by the display. In some such embodiments, the three-dimensional environment 708 is visually de-emphasized by applying masking or other techniques to areas of the display (e.g., display 702) through which the user can view the three-dimensional environment 708. Figure 7B , electronic device 700 detects that the user is looking to the left of display 702, as indicated by gaze indication 712. Gaze indication 712 is provided for a better understanding of the described technology and is optionally not part of the user interface of the described device (e.g., not displayed by the electronic device).

[0247] In some embodiments, when the electronic device 700 displays the gaze target 710, the electronic device 700 adjusts the brightness of the display 702 based on the observed dilation of the user's pupil (e.g., to adjust and / or control the dilation of the user's pupil). This is done to maximize the effectiveness and / or accuracy of eye scanning for eye-based user authentication. For example, in some embodiments, the electronic device 700 adjusts the brightness of one or more virtual elements (e.g., the gaze target 710 and / or other elements) displayed on the display 702 (e.g., making one or more virtual elements brighter to reduce the dilation of the user's pupil, and / or making one or more virtual elements darker to increase the dilation of the user's pupil). In some embodiments, the electronic device 700 adjusts the brightness of the transparent environment (e.g., the three-dimensional environment 708).

[0248] exist Figure 7C At , the user has shifted his or her viewpoint so that the display 702 now displays a different area of ​​the three-dimensional environment 708. For example, in some embodiments where the electronic device 700 is a head-mounted system, the user shifts his or her viewpoint (e.g., from ) by turning his or her head while wearing the electronic device 700. FIG. 7B to FIG. 7C, the user has turned his or her head slightly to the right). However, although the user's viewpoint has shifted from Figure 7B Change to Figure 7C , but the position of the gaze target 710 within the user's viewpoint (e.g., the position of the gaze target 710 on the display 702) does not move as the user's viewpoint moves. In the depicted embodiment, the gaze target 710 is a viewpoint-locked virtual object. In some embodiments, the gaze target 710 exhibits lazy following behavior, such that when the user changes his or her viewpoint, the gaze target 710 temporarily stops occupying a default position within the user's field of view, but moves back to the default position in a delayed manner.

[0249] exist Figure 7C At 710, the electronic device 700 detects, via the input sensor 704, that the user is looking at the gaze target 710, as indicated by the gaze indication 712. In response to the user looking at the gaze target 710, the electronic device 700 performs eye-based user authentication of the user.

[0250] exist Figure 7D At , when the electronic device 700 performs eye-based user authentication of the user (and in some embodiments, in response to the user looking at the gaze target 710 and / or in response to the electronic device 700 initiating eye-based user authentication), the electronic device 700 displays an animation of the gaze target 710 via the display 702. In some embodiments, the animation of the gaze target 710 indicates to the user that the electronic device 700 is performing eye-based user authentication. In addition, when the electronic device 700 performs eye-based user authentication of the user (or thereafter) (in some embodiments, in response to the user looking at the gaze target 710 and / or in response to the electronic device 700 initiating eye-based user authentication), the electronic device 700 modifies the display of the three-dimensional environment 708 so that the three-dimensional environment 708 is no longer visually blurred (e.g., by increasing focus, increasing sharpness, increasing color saturation, and / or reducing opacity), as shown in FIG. Figure 7D The three-dimensional environment 708 is indicated by the solid line.

[0251] Figure 7E A first scenario is depicted in which the user's eye-based user authentication is successful. For example, Figure 7E In , the electronic device 700 has scanned the user's eyes and determined that the eye scan matches eye scan information corresponding to a known or registered user. Figure 7E In response to successful authentication of the user, the electronic device 700 replaces the display of the gaze target 710 with the user interface object 714, thereby indicating that the user has been successfully authenticated and that the electronic device 700 is transitioning from a locked state to an unlocked state.

[0252] exist Figure 7FIn response to successful authentication of the user, the electronic device 700 displays a primary user interface 716 superimposed on the three-dimensional environment 708. In some embodiments, the primary user interface 716 indicates that the electronic device 700 is in an unlocked state (e.g., a state in which a known and / or registered user is logged in).

[0253] Figure 7G A second scenario is depicted in which eye-based user authentication of a user is unsuccessful. For example, Figure 7G In , the electronic device 700 has scanned the user's eyes and determined that the eye scan does not match eye scan information corresponding to any known or registered user. Figure 7G In response to the unsuccessful authentication of the user, the electronic device 700 displays a different animation of the gaze target 710 (e.g., showing the gaze target 710 shaking and / or showing the color of the gaze target 710 changing) via the display 702, indicating that the user authentication was unsuccessful. In response to the unsuccessful authentication, the electronic device 700 also displays a notification 718 instructing the user to look directly at the gaze target 710 or adjust the position of the electronic device 700. For example, if the electronic device 700 is a head-mounted system, the user can adjust the position of the electronic device 700 on his or her head.

[0254] After displaying notification 718, electronic device 700 attempts a second eye-based authentication of the user (e.g., in response to the user looking at gaze target 710 and / or after a threshold duration). If the second eye-based authentication of the user is successful, electronic device 700 replaces gaze target 710 with user interface object 714 and / or displays primary user interface 716 via display 702, as previously described with reference to FIG. Figure 7E and Figure 7F As depicted and discussed, and transitions from the locked state to the unlocked state. However, if the user's second eye-based authentication is unsuccessful, the electronic device 700 abandons displaying the main user interface 716 and does not transition to the unlocked state (e.g., remains in the locked state).

[0255] exist Figure 7HIn response to determining that the user's second eye-based authentication is unsuccessful, the electronic device 700 replaces the display of the gaze target 710 with the display of a password input user interface 720-1. The password input user interface 720-1 includes a plurality of virtual keys 722A-722K that the user can select to enter password information for password-based user authentication. For example, the user can select a key to enter password information via one or more touch inputs, one or more non-touch inputs, one or more gestures, one or more air gestures, and / or the user's gaze. As discussed above, in some embodiments, the electronic device 700 is a head-mounted system. In some embodiments, the user interacts with the password input user interface 720-1 based on the user's gaze. In some embodiments, the user interacts with the password input user interface 720-1 based on the user's gaze and based on one or more other movements of the user. For example, in some embodiments, the user selects a key in the password input user interface 720-1 by looking at the key and performing an air gesture (e.g., a pinch air gesture and / or a swipe air gesture) with his or her hand. The user selects the second key by looking at the second key and performing the same air gesture (e.g., a pinch air gesture and / or a swipe air gesture). If the user enters password information that meets the authentication criteria (e.g., matches a password corresponding to a known and / or registered user), the electronic device 700 transitions from the locked state to the unlocked state. In some embodiments, the user selects a key in the password entry user interface 720-1 by performing a "click" air gesture at a three-dimensional location corresponding to the key the user wants to select.

[0256] The password entry user interface 720-1 also includes a selectable object 722L that can be selected by the user to cause the electronic device 700 to retry biometric authentication of the user (e.g., biometric and / or eye-based authentication of the user). In some embodiments, selection of the selectable object 722L causes the electronic device 700 to stop displaying the password entry user interface 720-1 and redisplay the gaze target 710.

[0257] exist Figure 7I , the user has changed his or her viewpoint, as shown in the above reference Figure 7B and Figure 7C As discussed. Figure 7H and Figure 7IAs shown, the user has shifted his or her line of sight slightly to the left, and the display of the three-dimensional environment 708 on the display 702 has also shifted to the right in a corresponding manner. In the depicted embodiment, the password entry user interface 720-1 is an environment-locked virtual object (e.g., the selectable keys 722A-722L of the password entry user interface 720-1 are environment-locked virtual objects), so that the password entry user interface 720-1 maintains a constant position within the three-dimensional environment 708 and moves with the three-dimensional environment 708 as the user changes his or her viewpoint. This is in contrast to the gaze target 710, which is a viewpoint-locked virtual object and maintains a constant position within the user's field of view even when the user changes his or her field of view. Thus, in Figure 7I , when the user shifts his or her viewpoint to the left and the three-dimensional environment 708 moves to the right, the password entry user interface 720-1 (and its component objects 722A-722L) moves to the right along with the three-dimensional environment 708.

[0258] In some embodiments, when user authentication fails and the password entry user interface 720-1 is displayed for the first time, the password entry user interface 720-1 is locked to a position within the three-dimensional environment 708 based on the user's viewpoint. Figure 6 In FIG. 7 , user authentication fails and password entry user interface 720-1 is displayed in a predefined area of ​​display 702, while the user's viewpoint is focused on a specific area of ​​three-dimensional environment 708. Password entry user interface 720-1 is now displayed, and its position within three-dimensional environment 708 has been locked. If the user looks at a different part of three-dimensional environment 708 (e.g., via mobile device 700) when user authentication fails, password entry user interface 720-1 will be displayed at different locations within three-dimensional environment 708 and will be tied to those locations.

[0259] In some embodiments, although the password entry user interface 720-1 is an environment-locked virtual object, if the user changes his or her viewpoint by a threshold amount, the position of the password entry user interface 720-1 within the three-dimensional environment 708 changes so that the password entry user interface 720-1 remains visible to the user. For example, in some embodiments, if the user moves less than the threshold amount (e.g., as long as the password entry user interface 720-1 remains within the user's field of view), the password entry user interface 720-1 remains an environment-locked virtual object and remains in the same position within the three-dimensional environment 708. However, if the user moves more than the threshold amount (e.g., such that the password entry user interface 720-1 is no longer within the user's field of view), the password entry user interface 720-1 is redisplayed at a predefined area within the user's field of view and repositioned within the three-dimensional environment 708.

[0260] Figure 7JA slightly different password entry user interface 720-2 is depicted. Figure 7J , the password entry user interface 720-2 includes all the same virtual keys (722A-722L) as the password entry user interface 720-1, but the password entry user interface 720-2 also includes a selectable object 722M that can be selected by the user to transition the electronic device 700 from a locked state to a guest mode state. In some embodiments, the guest mode state allows the user to utilize more functions and / or features than the locked state but fewer functions and / or features than the unlocked state. For example, in some embodiments, when in the guest mode state, the guest user is permitted to access certain content, applications, and / or features that are not accessible when the electronic device 700 is in a locked state, but is not permitted to access other content, applications, and / or features that are normally accessible to registered users (e.g., when the electronic device 700 is in an unlocked state) (e.g., navigation options and / or system features (e.g., making phone calls and / or making payments)). As discussed above, in some embodiments, the electronic device 700 is a head-mounted system that only allows a single user to view the content being displayed. In some such embodiments, when a user uses the electronic device 700 in the guest mode state, the electronic device 700 transmits information to a companion device (e.g., a smartphone, tablet, or other computing system) (e.g., a companion device corresponding to an authorized user of the electronic device 700) so that the companion device displays what the guest user is viewing on the electronic device 700 in the guest mode state. In this way, an authorized user who allows a guest user to temporarily use the electronic device 700 in the guest mode state can see what the guest user is viewing and / or doing on the electronic device 700. In some embodiments, when the authorized user removes the electronic device 700 from his or her body (e.g., removes a head-mounted system from his or her head), the electronic device 700 automatically transitions from an unlocked state to a locked state to prevent unauthorized access.

[0261] In some embodiments, in response to Figure 7GIn the event of a failed user authentication, the electronic device 700 determines whether one or more guest mode criteria are met. If one or more guest mode criteria are met, the electronic device 700 displays a password input user interface 720-2 including the object 722M, and if the guest mode criteria are not met, the electronic device 700 displays a password input user interface 720-1 that does not include the object 722M. In some embodiments, the guest mode criteria include criteria that are met when the most recent previous user of the electronic device 700 is an authorized user (e.g., a user for whom user authentication is successful). In some embodiments, the guest mode criteria include criteria that are met when the electronic device 700 is in a locked state for a time that is less than a threshold duration. In some embodiments, the guest mode criteria include criteria that are met when an authorized user of the electronic device 700 has allowed a visitor to use the electronic device 700.

[0262] exist Figure 7J At , the electronic device 700 detects a user input 703 corresponding to a selection of a selectable object 722M. Figure 7J , user input 703 includes touch input on touch-sensitive display 702. In some embodiments, electronic device 700 is a head-mounted system, and user input 703 includes one or more non-touch inputs. For example, in some embodiments, user input 703 includes determining that the user is gazing at selectable object 722M (e.g., as indicated by gaze indication 712), and in some embodiments, performing a gesture (e.g., an air gesture (e.g., a pinch air gesture, a tap air gesture, and / or a click air gesture)) while gazing at selectable object 722M.

[0263] exist Figure 7J-1 In response to user input 703, the electronic device 700 transitions to the guest mode state, as indicated by visual indication 707a. The guest mode state allows the user to utilize more functions and / or features than the locked state but fewer functions and / or features than the unlocked state. For example, Figure 7J-1 , the electronic device 700 displays via the display 702 a media player user interface 705 that is playing video content 709 (which is a video of horses). The media player user interface 705 includes a play / pause button 707b that can be selected by a user (e.g., a guest user) to pause and / or resume playback of the video content 709. However, because the electronic device 700 is operating in the guest mode state, the electronic device 700 locks and / or prevents access to one or more features that are normally available and / or accessible when in the unlocked state. For example, in Figure 7J-1, the media player user interface 705 includes an object 707c that, if the electronic device 700 is operating in an unlocked state, can be selected by the user to close the media player 705 and cause a folder user interface to be displayed, which includes one or more additional content items (e.g., photos and / or videos) contained within a folder and / or album (e.g., a folder and / or album containing video 709). However, because the electronic device 700 is in a guest mode state, object 707c cannot be selected by the guest user, and the user cannot exit the media player 705 and / or view the additional content items contained within the folder and / or album. Similarly, the media player user interface includes an object 707d that can be selected to stop displaying the media player user interface 705 and display a home screen user interface (e.g., interface 716) when the electronic device 700 is in an unlocked state; and an object 707e that can be selected to open a communication application user interface to share video content 709 via the communication application when the electronic device 700 is in an unlocked state. However, because the electronic device 700 is in a guest mode state, object 707d is unselectable (e.g., and the guest user is prohibited from accessing the home screen user interface), and object 707e is also unselectable (e.g., and the guest user is prohibited from sharing video content 709 and / or accessing communication applications).

[0264] In some embodiments (including the depicted embodiment), when the electronic device 700 is operating in the guest mode state, content displayed on the electronic device 700 is also displayed on (e.g., transmitted to and displayed on) an external electronic device corresponding to an authorized, registered, and / or known user of the electronic device 700. Figure 7J-1 , external device 711 is a smartphone with a touch screen display 713 that corresponds to a registered user of electronic device 700. In response to electronic device 700 displaying video content 709, external device 711 also displays video content 715 corresponding to video content 709 via display 713. This allows registered users and / or known users to monitor what content a guest user is viewing on electronic device 700.

[0265] References Figures 7A to 7J The various exemplary embodiments described primarily deal with user authentication for transitioning the electronic device 700 from a locked state to an unlocked state. In some embodiments, the user authentication methods described herein may also be used to authenticate and / or authorize other features, such as initiating a transfer (e.g., transfer of credentials and / or payment transactions (e.g., transmitting payment information to an external device)).

[0266] exist Figure 7KAt , the user uses electronic device 700 to make a payment to Computers.com, as indicated by payment user interface 724. Payment user interface 724 includes instructions for the user to perform a double-click gesture to confirm payment to Computers.com. Figure 7K At 710 , the electronic device 700 detects a user input 726 corresponding to a double-click of a hardware button 728 confirming the user's request to transmit payment information to Computers.com. In some embodiments, the user input 726 is a different type of input, such as a touch input, a gesture, and / or an air gesture. In some embodiments where the electronic device 700 is a head-mounted system, the hardware button 728 is located on an external portion of the electronic device 700 so that the user can perform the double-click gesture while continuing to wear the head-mounted system on the user's head.

[0267] exist Figure 7L At , in response to user input 726, the electronic device 700 displays a gaze target 710 and instructions 730 directing the user to look at the gaze target 710 in order to complete the payment transaction. In some embodiments, as discussed above, the gaze target 710 is a viewpoint-locked virtual object. In some embodiments, the gaze target 710 is a viewpoint-locked virtual object, and the payment user interface 724 is an environment-locked virtual object (e.g., locked to a specific location within the three-dimensional environment 708). Figure 7L At 710, the electronic device 700 determines that the user is looking at the gaze target 710, as indicated by the gaze indication 712. In response to detecting that the user is looking at the gaze target 710, the electronic device 700 performs biometric authentication of the user (eg, eye-based authentication).

[0268] Figure 7M A first scenario is depicted in which the user's biometric authentication is successful. In response, the electronic device 700 displays an indication 732 of the user's biometric authentication success via the display 702 and transmits payment information to Computers.com.

[0269] Figure 7N A second scenario is depicted in which the user's biometric authentication is unsuccessful. In response, electronic device 700 abandons transmitting the payment information to Computers.com and displays passcode user interface 720-1 for the user to manually enter passcode information to authenticate the transmission of the payment information (e.g., using gaze and / or mid-air gestures when electronic device 700 is a head-mounted system). If the user enters the passcode information that successfully authenticates the user, electronic device 700 transmits the payment information to Computers.com. However, if the user fails to enter the passcode information that successfully authenticates the user, electronic device 700 abandons transmitting the payment information to Computers.com.

[0270] In some embodiments, Figures 7A to 7N The techniques and user interfaces described in Figures 1A to 1P The invention may be provided by one or more of the devices described in . Figure 7O The user interface 720-2 (e.g., Figure 7J ) is displayed on the display module 702M of the head mounted device (HMD) 700M. Figure 7O , the passcode entry user interface 720-2 includes virtual keys 722A-722L for entering passcode information, and also includes a selectable object 722M that can be selected by the user to transition the HMD 700M from a locked state to a guest mode state. In some embodiments, the guest mode state allows the user to utilize more functionality and / or features than the locked state but fewer functionality and / or features than the unlocked state. For example, in some embodiments, when in the guest mode state, a guest user is permitted to access certain content, applications, and / or features that are not accessible when the HMD 700M is in the locked state, but is not permitted to access other content, applications, and / or features that are typically accessible to registered users (e.g., when the HMD 700M is in the unlocked state) (e.g., navigation options and / or system features (e.g., making phone calls and / or making payments)). As discussed above, in some embodiments, the HMD 700M is a head-mounted system that only allows a single user to view the content being displayed. In some such embodiments, when a user uses the HMD 700M in the guest mode state, the HMD 700M transmits information to a companion device (e.g., a smartphone, tablet, or other computing system) (e.g., a companion device corresponding to an authorized user of the HMD 700M) so that the companion device displays what the guest user is viewing on the HMD 700M in the guest mode state. In this way, an authorized user who allows a guest user to temporarily use the HMD 700M in the guest mode state can see what the guest user is viewing and / or doing on the HMD 700M. In some embodiments, when the authorized user removes the HMD 700M from his or her body (e.g., removes the head-mounted system from his or her head), the HMD 700M automatically transitions from an unlocked state to a locked state to prevent unauthorized access.

[0271] In some embodiments, in response to a failed user authentication (e.g., as described above in Figure 7G), the HMD 700M determines whether one or more guest mode criteria are met. If the one or more guest mode criteria are met, the HMD 700M displays a password entry user interface 720-2 that includes the object 722M, and if the guest mode criteria are not met, the HMD 700M displays a password entry user interface 720-1 that does not include the object 722M (e.g., as described above with reference to Figures 7H to 7I In some embodiments, the guest mode criteria include criteria that are satisfied when the most recent previous user of the HMD 700M is an authorized user (e.g., a user who successfully authenticated the user). In some embodiments, the guest mode criteria include criteria that are satisfied when the HMD 700M has been in a locked state for less than a threshold duration. In some embodiments, the guest mode criteria include criteria that are satisfied when an authorized user of the HMD 700M has allowed a guest to use the HMD 700M.

[0272] exist Figure 7O At , the HMD 700M detects user input 703M corresponding to selection of the selectable object 722M. In some embodiments, the user input 703M includes one or more non-touch inputs. For example, in some embodiments, the user input 703M includes determining that the user is gazing at the selectable object 722M (e.g., as indicated by the gaze indication 712), and in some embodiments, performing a gesture (e.g., an air gesture (e.g., a pinch air gesture, a tap air gesture, and / or a click air gesture)) while gazing at the selectable object 722M.

[0273] In some embodiments, the device 700M includes a pair of display modules that provide stereoscopic content to different eyes of the same user. For example, the HMD 700M includes a display module 702M that provides content to the user's left eye and a second display module that provides content to the user's right eye. In some embodiments, the second display module displays a slightly different image than the display module 702M to create the illusion of stereoscopic depth.

[0274] Figure 1B to Figure 1PAny of the features, components, and / or parts shown (including their arrangements and configurations) may be included in HMD 700M, alone or in any combination. For example, in some embodiments, HMD 700M includes any of the features, components, and / or parts of HMDs 1-100, 1-200, 3-100, 6-100, 6-200, 6-300, 6-400, 11.1.1-100, and / or 11.1.2-100, alone or in any combination. In some embodiments, the display module 702M includes, alone or in any combination, the display unit 1-102, the display unit 1-202, the display unit 1-306, the display unit 1-406, the display generation component 120, the display screens 1-122a-b, the first and second rear-facing display screens 1-322a, 1-322b, the display 11.3.2-104, the first and second display components 1-120a, 1-120b, the display component 1-320, and the display component 1-4 21. Any of the features, components and / or parts of the first and second display subassemblies 1-420a, 1-420b, the display assembly 3-108, the display assembly 11.3.2-204, the first and second optical modules 11.1.1-104a and 11.1.1-104b, the optical module 11.3.2-100, the optical module 11.3.2-200, the lenticular lens array 3-110, the display area or region 6-232 and / or the display / display area 6-334. In some embodiments, sensor 707M includes, alone or in any combination, any of the features, components, and / or parts of sensor 190, sensor 306, image sensor 314, image sensor 404, sensor assembly 1-356, sensor assembly 1-456, sensor system 6-102, sensor system 6-202, sensor 6-203, sensor system 6-302, sensor 6-303, sensor system 6-402, and / or any of sensors 11.1.2-110a-f. In some embodiments, input device 704M, 706aM, and / or 706bM includes, alone or in any combination, any of the features, components, and / or parts of first button 1-128, button 11.1.1-114, second button 1-132, and / or any of dial or button 1-328. In some embodiments, the HMD 700M includes one or more audio output components (e.g., electronic components 1-112) for generating audio feedback (e.g., audio output 711c), which is optionally generated based on detected events and / or user input detected by the HMD 700M.

[0275] Refer to the following about 7A to 7O The methods 800 and 850 described provide information about 7A to 7OAdditional description of .

[0276] Figure 8A is a flow chart of an exemplary method 800 for user authentication according to some embodiments. In some embodiments, the method 800 is performed on a computer system (e.g., 700) (e.g., Figure 1A 101 in the computer system 101), the computer system includes one or more display generation components (e.g., 702) (e.g., Figure 1A 、 Figure 3 and Figure 4 In some embodiments, the method 800 is performed by storing in a non-transitory (or transient) computer-readable storage medium and executed by one or more processors of a computer system, such as one or more processors 202 of the computer system 101 (e.g., Figure 1A Some operations in method 800 may be optionally combined, and / or the order of some operations may be optionally changed.

[0277] In some embodiments, a computer system (e.g., 700) detects (802) a request to authenticate a user (e.g., 706) (e.g., a request to authenticate a user wearing the computer system and / or one or more components of the computer system) via one or more input devices (e.g., 704) (e.g., detecting that at least a portion of the computer system has been placed on the body of the corresponding user; and / or detecting one or more user inputs (e.g., one or more gestures, one or more touch screen inputs, one or more button presses, and / or one or more rotations of a rotatable input mechanism) indicating a request to authenticate the user. In some embodiments, the request to authenticate the user corresponds to a request to grant access to (e.g., unlock and / or display) one or more features of the computer system (e.g., one or more sets of content, one or more user interfaces, one or more files, and / or one or more applications). In some embodiments, the computer system is a head-mounted system, and detecting the request to authenticate the user includes detecting that the user has placed the head-mounted system on his or her head.

[0278] In response to detecting a request to authenticate the user (804), the computer system displays (806) via one or more display generation components (e.g., 702) a first authentication user interface (e.g., displayed on a display screen) in a three-dimensional environment (e.g., 708) (e.g., a virtual three-dimensional environment and / or a pass-through three-dimensional environment) including a first user interface object (e.g., 710) (e.g., a gaze target). Figure 7B ), wherein: the first user interface object (e.g., 710) is a viewpoint-locked object that stays in a corresponding area of ​​the user's field of view as the user's viewpoint shifts relative to the three-dimensional environment (e.g., 708) (in some embodiments, the first user interface does not include an environment-locked object); and the first user interface object is part of a user interface for biometric authentication (e.g., Figure 7B The user interface in is a user interface for biometric authentication) (e.g., a gaze target for eye- or face-based biometric authentication).

[0279] After displaying the first authentication user interface in the three-dimensional environment (808) (e.g., while displaying the first authentication user interface and / or after ceasing to display the first authentication user interface), the computer system performs (810) a first authentication of the user (e.g., Figures 7C to 7D ) (e.g., biometric authentication (e.g., comparing biometric information collected from the user to one or more biometric profiles stored on and / or accessible by the computer system (e.g., one or more biometric profiles corresponding to one or more known and / or enrolled users)) and / or non-biometric authentication (e.g., user authentication without using biometric information (e.g., authentication based on a password and / or passcode)). In some embodiments, the computer system is a head-mounted system, and performing a first authentication of the user includes performing a biometric authentication (e.g., an eye scan and / or a facial scan) while the user wears the head-mounted system on his or her head.

[0280] In response to performing a first authentication of the user (812), and based on a determination that the first authentication of the user failed to authenticate the user (814) (e.g., based on a determination that biometric information collected from the user does not match one or more biometric profiles stored on and / or accessible by the computer system (e.g., does not match biometric information corresponding to one or more known and / or enrolled users); and / or based on a determination that authentication information provided (e.g., input) by the user does not match authentication information of known and / or enrolled users), the computer system displays (816) via one or more display generation components (e.g., 702) a second authentication user interface (e.g., 720-1, 720-2) that is different from the first authentication user interface (e.g., 710), wherein the second authentication user interface includes a second user interface object (e.g., 722A-722K) (e.g., a keyboard, keypad, and / or user interface object that the user can select and / or interact with to provide one or more inputs to the computer system), the second user interface object being an environment-locked object that moves out of a corresponding area of ​​the user's field of view as the user's viewpoint shifts relative to the three-dimensional environment. In some embodiments, the second user interface does not include a viewpoint-locked object.

[0281] In some embodiments, the computer system is a head-mounted system. In some embodiments, the three-dimensional environment includes an optical see-through environment (e.g., a physical, real environment) that is visible to the user through a transparent display generating component (e.g., a transparent optical lens display) on which the first authentication user interface and the second authentication user interface are displayed. In some embodiments, the three-dimensional environment includes a virtual three-dimensional environment displayed by one or more display generating components. In some embodiments, the three-dimensional environment includes a virtual see-through environment displayed by one or more display generating components (e.g., a virtual see-through environment that is a virtual representation of the user's physical, real-world environment (e.g., as captured by one or more cameras in communication with the computer system)).

[0282] In some embodiments, in response to performing a first authentication of a user, and based on determining that the first authentication of the user successfully authenticated the user (e.g., based on determining that biometric information collected from the user matches one or more biometric profiles stored on and / or accessible by the computer system (e.g., matches biometric profiles corresponding to known and / or enrolled users); and / or based on determining that authentication information provided (e.g., input) by the user matches authentication information of known and / or enrolled users), the computer system displays a third user interface indicating successful user authentication via one or more display generating components, wherein the third user interface is different from the first authentication user interface and the second authentication user interface.

[0283] A first user interface object as part of a user interface for biometric authentication is displayed as a viewpoint-locked object. The viewpoint-locked object helps the user provide appropriate input and reduces user errors when operating / interacting with the computer system by keeping the first user interface object within the user's line of sight while the computer system performs biometric authentication, thereby enhancing the operability of the computer system. A second user interface object is displayed as an environment-locked object. The environment-locked object helps the user provide appropriate input and reduces user errors when operating / interacting with the computer system by keeping the second user interface object stationary while the user provides input, thereby enhancing the operability of the computer system. The second authentication user interface is displayed upon determining that the user's first authentication failed to authenticate the user, providing visual feedback to the user regarding the status of the system (e.g., that the system failed to authenticate the user), thereby providing improved visual feedback to the user. The second authentication user interface is displayed upon determining that the user's first authentication failed to authenticate the user, allowing the user to retry authentication without requiring additional user input to display the second authentication user interface, thereby reducing the number of inputs required to perform an operation.

[0284] In some embodiments, in response to performing a first authentication of a user (e.g., Figures 7C to 7D ), and based on determining that the first authentication of the user fails to authenticate the user, the computer system stops displaying the first user interface object (e.g., 710) (e.g., the computer system 700 stops displaying Figure 7H In some embodiments, the computer system stops displaying the first user interface object and displays the second authentication user interface while maintaining display of at least a portion of the three-dimensional environment. Ceasing to display the first user interface object based on determining that the first authentication of the user failed to authenticate the user provides visual feedback to the user regarding the state of the system (e.g., that the system failed to authenticate the user), thereby providing improved visual feedback to the user.

[0285] While displaying a second authentication user interface (e.g., 720-1, 720-2), the computer system detects, via one or more input devices (e.g., 704), a first user input (e.g., 712 and / or one or more gestures) corresponding to a selection of a first display element (e.g., 722A-722K) in the second authentication user interface (e.g., 720-1, 720-2); and in response to detecting the first user input corresponding to the selection of the first display element (e.g., 722A-722M) in the second authentication user interface (e.g., 720-1, 720-2), the computer system receives first user authentication information corresponding to the first display element (e.g., inputting a first character (e.g., a letter and / or number) corresponding to the first display element as part of the user authentication information). In some embodiments, in response to receiving the first user authentication information corresponding to the first display element, the computer system displays, via the display generation component, an indication that the computer system has received the first user authentication information.

[0286] In some embodiments, the second authentication user interface includes a virtual keyboard and / or keypad having a plurality of keys that the user can interact with and / or select to enter user authentication information. In some embodiments, if correct authentication information is entered (e.g., authentication information that matches a known password or password corresponding to a known and / or registered user), the computer system transitions to an unlocked state (e.g., from an unlocked state). In some embodiments, if incorrect authentication information is entered (e.g., authentication information that does not match a known password or password corresponding to a known and / or registered user), the computer system remains in a locked state.

[0287] In some embodiments, receiving user authentication information includes receiving multiple user inputs corresponding to multiple selections of one or more display elements (e.g., 722A-722M) in a second authentication user interface (e.g., 720-1, 720-2), and receiving corresponding authentication information until the user has completed entering a password and / or passcode.

[0288] Allowing a user to enter authentication information by performing one or more gestures enhances the operability of a computer system and makes the user-device interface more efficient by providing additional control options without cluttering the user interface with additional display controls.

[0289] Displaying a second authentication UI based on determining that the user's first authentication failed to authenticate the user allows the user to retry authentication without requiring additional user input to display the second authentication UI, thereby reducing the number of inputs required to perform operations.

[0290] In some embodiments, the second user interface object (e.g., 722A-722M) is displayed at a first location within the three-dimensional environment (e.g., 708) (e.g., persistently displayed at the first location within the three-dimensional environment (e.g., the second user interface object is a context-locked object that is persistently displayed at the first location within the three-dimensional environment), and the first location is determined based on the field of view of the user of the computer system when performing the first authentication (e.g., Figures 7G to 7I )(e.g., the second user interface object is centered within the user's field of view when the first authentication is performed and / or is at a predetermined position within the user's field of view when the first authentication is performed). In some embodiments, the first position is determined based on the position of the first user interface object when the first authentication is performed (e.g., the second user interface object is positioned at the same position as the first user interface object when the first authentication is performed and / or is positioned at a predetermined position relative to the first user interface object when the first authentication is performed). Displaying the second user interface object at a position within the three-dimensional environment based on the user's field of view when the first authentication is performed provides improved visual feedback to the user by displaying the second user interface object at a position that will be easily visible to the user within the three-dimensional environment, thereby helping the user provide appropriate input and reducing user errors when operating / interacting with the computer system.

[0291] In some embodiments, the first user interface object (e.g., 710) occupies a corresponding position (e.g., 708) within the three-dimensional environment (e.g., 708) when performing the first authentication of the user. Figure 7D 、 Figure 7G ) (e.g., when the first authentication of the user is initiated and / or when the first authentication of the user is completed); and the second user interface objects (e.g., 720-1, 720-2, 722A-722M) are displayed at corresponding positions within the three-dimensional environment (e.g., 708) (e.g., Figure 7HIn some embodiments, in response to performing a first authentication of a user and based on a determination that the first authentication of the user failed to authenticate the user, the computer system replaces display of the first user interface object at a corresponding location within the three-dimensional environment with display of a second user interface object at a corresponding location within the three-dimensional environment. Displaying the second user interface object at a location within the three-dimensional environment based on the display location of the first user interface object when the first authentication was performed provides improved visual feedback to the user by displaying the second user interface object at a location within the three-dimensional environment that is readily visible to the user, thereby helping the user provide appropriate input and reducing user errors when operating / interacting with the computer system.

[0292] In some embodiments, in response to performing a first authentication of a user (e.g., Figures 7C to 7D ), and based on determining that the first authentication of the user successfully authenticated the user (e.g., based on determining that the biometric information collected from the user matches one or more biometric profiles stored on and / or accessible by the computer system (e.g., matches a biometric profile corresponding to a known and / or enrolled user); and / or based on determining that the authentication information provided (e.g., input) by the user matches authentication information of a known and / or enrolled user), the computer system displays, via one or more display generation components (e.g., 702), a success user interface (e.g., 714, 716) indicating successful user authentication (e.g., a home screen user interface and / or a user interface associated with and / or corresponding to a particular user (e.g., and indicating successful authentication of the particular user)), wherein the success user interface is different from the first authentication user interface and the second authentication user interface. In some embodiments, the computer system displays the success user interface and does not display the second authentication user interface. Displaying the success user interface based on determining that the first authentication of the user successfully authenticated the user provides visual feedback to the user about the status of the system (e.g., the system has successfully authenticated the user), thereby providing improved visual feedback to the user.

[0293] In some embodiments, in response to performing a first authentication of a user (e.g., Figures 7C to 7D ) (or, in some embodiments, when performing a first authentication of a user), the computer system displays, via one or more display generation components (e.g., 702), a visual animation (e.g., 710, 714) that includes one or more visual changes to a first user interface object (e.g., 710) (e.g., Figures 7C to 7D Animation and / or use of object 710 in Figures 7D to 7EIn some embodiments, the visual animation includes changing the size, shape, and / or color of the first user interface object. In some embodiments, the visual animation includes changing the first user interface object from a first object (e.g., a star and / or an eye) to a second object that is different from the first object. In response to performing a first authentication of the user, the animation of the first user interface object is displayed, providing visual feedback to the user about the status of the system (e.g., the system has performed (e.g., attempted) and / or is performing (e.g., is attempting) authentication of the user), thereby providing improved visual feedback to the user.

[0294] In some embodiments, displaying the visual animation includes: displaying a first animation (e.g., Figure 7G 710) (e.g., a first animation comprising a first set of visual changes to a first user interface object) (e.g., a first animation indicating a failed authentication of a user and / or corresponding to a failed authentication of a user); and based on determining that the first authentication of the user successfully authenticates the user, displaying, via one or more display generation components, a second animation different from the first animation (e.g., Figure 7E 714) (e.g., a second animation comprising a second set of visual changes of the first user interface object that is different from the first set of visual changes) (e.g., a second animation indicating successful authentication of the user and / or corresponding to successful authentication of the user). In some embodiments, the first animation comprises shaking and / or vibration of the first user interface object. In some embodiments, the first animation comprises text indicating failed authentication of the user. In some embodiments, the second animation comprises changing the first user interface object from a first object (e.g., a star and / or an eye) to a second object that is different from the first object (e.g., a padlock and / or a key). In some embodiments, the first animation comprises maintaining the first user interface object as the first object (e.g., vibrating and / or moving the first object). Displaying different animations based on whether authentication is successful or failed provides the user with visual feedback about the status of the system (e.g., the system successfully authenticated the user and / or failed to authenticate the user), thereby providing improved visual feedback to the user.

[0295] In some embodiments, before performing a first authentication of a user (e.g., Figures 7C to 7D ), and when displaying the first user interface object (e.g., 710), the computer system displays, via one or more display generation components (e.g., 702), a three-dimensional environment (e.g., 708) having a first set of visual characteristics (e.g., opacity, brightness, contrast, focus, sharpness, and / or saturation) (e.g., Figures 7B to 7Cand performing a first authentication of the user (eg, Figures 7C to 7D ), after the second authentication user interface is displayed (e.g., when displaying the second authentication user interface and / or when displaying the second user interface object), the computer system displays, via one or more display generation components (e.g., 702), a three-dimensional environment (e.g., 708) having a second set of visual characteristics (e.g., opacity, brightness, contrast, focus, sharpness, and / or saturation) that are different from the first set of visual characteristics (e.g., Figures 7D to 7J and / or Figure 7O 708 in the three-dimensional environment, wherein when the three-dimensional environment is displayed with the first set of visual characteristics, the three-dimensional environment is visually de-emphasized relative to when the three-dimensional environment is displayed with the second set of visual characteristics (e.g., the three-dimensional environment is darker, has less saturated colors, has less sharpness, and / or is blurrier and / or out of focus when the three-dimensional environment is displayed with the first set of visual characteristics than when the three-dimensional environment is displayed with the second set of visual characteristics).

[0296] In some embodiments, when a three-dimensional environment is displayed with a first set of visual characteristics, a first user interface object is displayed with a third set of visual characteristics (e.g., opacity, brightness, contrast, focus, sharpness, and / or saturation) such that the first user interface object is visually emphasized relative to the three-dimensional environment (e.g., the first user interface object is displayed with higher brightness, contrast, color saturation, sharpness, and / or focus than the three-dimensional environment).

[0297] In some embodiments, the computer system is a head-mounted system, and the three-dimensional environment includes an optically transparent environment (e.g., a real physical environment) visible to the user through a transparent display generating component (e.g., a transparent optical lens display generating component). In some embodiments, displaying the three-dimensional environment with a first set of visual characteristics and / or with a second set of visual characteristics includes displaying and / or applying one or more visual filters and / or masks to the transparent display generating component so that the way the user views the transparent three-dimensional environment is visually improved. In some embodiments, the computer system is a head-mounted system, and the three-dimensional environment includes a virtual transparent environment displayed by one or more display generating components (e.g., a virtual trans...

Claims

1. A method, comprising: At a computer system in communication with one or more display generating components and one or more input devices: detecting, via the one or more input devices, a request to authenticate a user; In response to detecting the request to authenticate the user: displaying, via the one or more display generating components, a first authentication user interface including a first user interface object in a three-dimensional environment, wherein: The first user interface object is a viewpoint-locked object that stays in a corresponding area of ​​the user's field of view as the user's viewpoint shifts relative to the three-dimensional environment; and The first user interface object is part of a user interface for biometric authentication; and After displaying the first authentication user interface in the three-dimensional environment, performing a first authentication of the user; and In response to performing the first authentication of the user: Based on determining that the first authentication of the user fails to authenticate the user, a second authentication user interface different from the first authentication user interface is displayed via the one or more display generating components, wherein the second authentication user interface includes a second user interface object that is an environment-locked object, and as the user's viewpoint shifts relative to the three-dimensional environment, the environment-locked object moves out of the corresponding area of ​​the user's field of view.

2. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: In response to performing the first authentication of the user: Based on determining that the first authentication of the user fails to authenticate the user: Stop displaying the first user interface object.

3. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 2, further comprising: while displaying the second authentication user interface, detecting, via the one or more input devices, a first user input corresponding to a selection of a first displayed element in the second authentication user interface; as well as In response to detecting the first user input corresponding to selection of the first display element in the second authentication user interface, first user authentication information corresponding to the first display element is received.

4. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein the second user interface object is displayed at a first position within the three-dimensional environment, and wherein the first position is determined based on the field of view of the user of the computer system when the first authentication is performed.

5. The method according to claim 4, wherein: When performing the first authentication of the user, the first user interface object occupies a corresponding position within the three-dimensional environment; and The second user interface object is displayed at the corresponding location within the three-dimensional environment.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 2, further comprising: In response to performing the first authentication of the user: Based on determining that the first authentication of the user successfully authenticates the user, a success user interface indicating successful user authentication is displayed via the one or more display generation components, wherein the success user interface is different from the first authentication user interface and the second authentication user interface.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 2, further comprising: In response to performing the first authentication of the user, displaying, via the one or more display generating components, a visual animation including one or more visual changes to the first user interface object.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein displaying the visual animation comprises: displaying, via the one or more display generating components, a first animation in response to determining that the first authentication of the user fails to authenticate the user; as well as Based on determining that the first authentication of the user successfully authenticates the user, a second animation different from the first animation is displayed via the one or more display generation components.

9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 2, further comprising: prior to performing the first authentication of the user and while displaying the first user interface object, displaying, via the one or more display generation components, the three-dimensional environment having a first set of visual characteristics; as well as After performing the first authentication of the user, the three-dimensional environment having a second set of visual characteristics different from the first set of visual characteristics is displayed via the one or more display generating components, wherein when the three-dimensional environment is displayed with the first set of visual characteristics, the three-dimensional environment is visually de-emphasized relative to when the three-dimensional environment is displayed with the second set of visual characteristics.

10. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 2, further comprising: When displaying the first authentication user interface, including displaying the first user interface object: causing the one or more display generating components to output a first amount of light based on determining that one or more pupils of the user to be authenticated are dilated a first amount; as well as Based on determining that the one or more pupils of the user of the computer system are dilated a second amount different than the first amount, causing the one or more display generating components to output a second amount of light.

11. The method according to claim 10, wherein: causing the one or more display generating components to output the first amount of light comprises displaying, via the one or more display generating components, a first element of the first authentication user interface at a first brightness; and Causing the one or more display generating components to output the second amount of light includes displaying, via the one or more display generating components, the first element of the first authentication user interface at a second brightness different than the first brightness.

12. The method according to claim 10, wherein: causing the one or more display generating components to output the first amount of light comprises displaying the three-dimensional environment at a third brightness via the one or more display generating components; and Causing the one or more display generation components to output the second amount of light includes displaying, via the one or more display generation components, the three-dimensional environment at a fourth brightness different than the third brightness.

13. The method of any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein the first user interface object is a viewpoint-locked object that exhibits lazy follow behavior.

14. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 2, further comprising: detecting, via the one or more input devices, movement by the user while the second authentication user interface is displayed at a first location within the three-dimensional environment; as well as In response to detecting the movement by the user: Based on determining that the movement by the user satisfies a movement threshold criterion, the second authentication user interface is repositioned to a second location within the three-dimensional environment that is different from the first location so that the second authentication user interface is centered within the field of view of the user.

15. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 2, further comprising: When the second authentication user interface is displayed, receiving user authentication information based on one or more user inputs includes: detecting, via the one or more input devices, a user gaze corresponding to a first display element in the second authentication user interface; While continuing to detect the user gaze corresponding to the first display element in the second authentication user interface, detecting, via the one or more input devices, a first pinch air gesture; and While continuing to detect the user gaze corresponding to the first display element in the second authentication user interface, in response to detecting the first pinch-in-air gesture, first user authentication information corresponding to the first display element is received.

16. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 2, further comprising: When the second authentication user interface is displayed, receiving user authentication information based on one or more user inputs includes: detecting, via the one or more input devices, a first mid-air gesture corresponding to a selection of a first display element in the second authentication user interface; and In response to detecting the first mid-air gesture corresponding to selection of the first display element in the second authentication user interface, first user authentication information corresponding to the first display element is received.

17. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 2, further comprising: When the second authentication user interface is displayed: detecting, via the one or more input devices, a user gaze corresponding to a first display element in the second authentication user interface; as well as In response to detecting the user gaze corresponding to the first display element: inputting first user authentication information corresponding to the first display element in response to determining that the user has gazed at the first display element for a threshold duration; and Based on determining that the user has not gazed at the first display element for the threshold duration, inputting the first user authentication information corresponding to the first display element is abandoned.

18. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 2, further comprising: while displaying the second authentication user interface, detecting, via the one or more input devices, a user input corresponding to a selection of a first object in the second authentication user interface; as well as In response to detecting the user input corresponding to selection of the first object in the second authentication user interface, performing a biometric authentication of the user.

19. The method of claim 18, wherein the second user interface object comprises a visual element corresponding to the first user interface object.

20. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 2, further comprising: while displaying the second authentication user interface, detecting, via the one or more input devices, a user input corresponding to a selection of a second object in the second authentication user interface; as well as In response to detecting the user input corresponding to selection of the second object in the second authentication user interface, transitioning the computer system from a locked state to a guest mode state in which a first set of features can be accessed by the user without successful user authentication.

21. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 2, further comprising: After displaying the first authentication user interface in the three-dimensional environment, performing a second authentication of the user; as well as In response to performing the second authentication of the user: Based on determining that the second authentication of the user fails to authenticate the user, displaying, via the one or more display generating components, visual guidance instructing the user to change an eye gaze position of the user.

22. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 2, further comprising: After displaying the first authentication user interface in the three-dimensional environment, performing a second authentication of the user; as well as In response to performing the second authentication of the user: based on determining that the second authentication of the user fails to authenticate the user, displaying, via the one or more display generating components, visual guidance instructing the user to change a physical position of the computer system relative to the user's body; as well as Based on determining that the second authentication of the user successfully authenticates the user, a success user interface indicating successful authentication of the user is displayed via the one or more display generation components.

23. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 2, further comprising: In response to performing the first authentication of the user: Based on determining that the first authentication of the user successfully authenticates the user, and based on determining that the request to authenticate the user corresponds to a request to unlock the computer system: unlocking the computer system; as well as Based on determining that the first authentication of the user successfully authenticates the user, and based on determining that the request to authenticate the user corresponds to a request to authorize a security operation: Authorize the security operation.

24. A computer-readable storage medium storing one or more programs configured to be executed by one or more processors of a computer system communicating with one or more display generating components and one or more input devices, the one or more programs comprising instructions for executing the method according to any one of claims 1 to 23.

25. A computer system configured to communicate with one or more display generating components and one or more input devices, the computer system comprising: one or more processors; and A memory storing one or more programs configured to be executed by the one or more processors, the one or more programs comprising instructions for executing the method according to any one of claims 1 to 23.

26. A computer system configured to communicate with one or more display generating components and one or more input devices, the computer system comprising: A component for carrying out the method according to any one of claims 1 to 23.

27. A computer program product comprising one or more programs configured to be executed by one or more processors of a computer system in communication with one or more display generating components and one or more input devices, the one or more programs comprising instructions for performing the method according to any one of claims 1 to 23.

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