Closed fuel cell air cooling electric pile

Abstract

The invention provides a closed fuel cell air-cooled electric pile. The closed fuel cell air-cooled electric pile comprises a plurality of stacked fuel cell single cells and a plurality of cooling plates, first cooling plates are arranged on the sides, far away from the corresponding membrane electrodes, of the anode plates of at least part of the fuel cells, and second cooling plates are arranged on the sides, far away from the corresponding membrane electrodes, of the cathode plates of at least part of the fuel cells; and the first cooling plate and the second cooling plate are respectively connected to the corresponding anode plate and cathode plate. Cooling media with the same flowing direction are arranged on the surfaces of the first cooling plate and the second cooling plate, a plurality of cathode flow channels are distributed on the surface of the side, facing the circulating section film electrode, of the cathode plate in the flowing direction of the cooling media, and in the cathode flow channels, the flow direction of the cooling media is larger than that of the cathode flow channels in the flowing direction of the cooling media. And the flow section of the cathode flow channel located at the upstream is larger than that of the cathode flow channel located at the downstream. The problem that the performance of the fuel cell is affected due to large temperature difference between the cooling medium inlet and the cooling medium outlet in the prior art is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of fuel cell stacks, and in particular to a closed fuel cell air-cooled stack. Background Art

[0002] A fuel cell is a power generation device that converts the chemical energy of a fuel and an oxidant directly into electrical energy through an electrochemical reaction. Heat dissipation of the stack is crucial to ensure the normal operation of the fuel cell. The existing technology can achieve heat dissipation of the stack through liquid cooling. For example, the stack structure of a liquid-cooled fuel cell is composed of a membrane electrode and a bipolar plate stacked in sequence. The bipolar plate is composed of an anode plate and a cathode plate stacked and bonded. A hydrogen flow field is provided on the front of the anode plate, and an air flow channel is provided on the front of the cathode plate. The air flow channel is composed of a plurality of air flow channel grooves, and a coolant flow channel is provided on the back of the cathode plate. The coolant flow channel is composed of a plurality of cooling flow channel grooves. However, due to the complex structure of the water cooling system, it is bulky and heavy, and it is difficult to adapt to a variety of application scenarios. In order to improve this defect, air can be used instead of water as a cooling medium. For example, an air-cooled fuel cell includes a plate body and a cooling flow channel arranged in the plate body and cutting through the plate body. However, due to the extremely small heat capacity of air, the temperature difference between the inlet and outlet of the cooling flow field is large, causing the water content of the membrane electrode to deviate from the ideal state, thereby affecting the performance of the fuel cell.

[0003] It can be seen that the existing technology has the problem that the temperature difference between the inlet and outlet of the cooling medium flow field is large, which causes the water content of the membrane electrode to deviate from the ideal state, thereby affecting the performance of the fuel cell. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention provides a closed fuel cell air-cooled stack, which solves the problem in the prior art that the temperature difference between the inlet and outlet of the cooling medium flow field is large, causing the water content of the membrane electrode to deviate from the ideal state, thereby affecting the performance of the fuel cell.

[0005] The present invention provides a closed fuel cell air-cooled stack, comprising a plurality of stacked fuel cell cells and a plurality of cooling plates;

[0006] Each fuel cell comprises an anode plate, a cathode plate and a membrane electrode between the anode plate and the cathode plate; a first cooling plate is provided on the side of the anode plate of at least some fuel cell cells away from the corresponding membrane electrode, and a second cooling plate is provided on the side of the cathode plate of at least some fuel cell cells away from the corresponding membrane electrode; the first cooling plate and the second cooling plate are respectively connected to the corresponding anode plate and cathode plate. The surfaces of the first cooling plate and the second cooling plate are both provided with cooling media with the same flow direction, and a plurality of cathode flow channels are distributed along the flow direction of the cooling media on the surface of one side of the cathode plate facing the membrane electrode of the flow cross section, and among the plurality of cathode flow channels, along the flow direction of the cooling media, the flow cross section of the cathode flow channel located upstream is larger than the flow cross section of the cathode flow channel located downstream.

[0007] The present invention can separate the cooling medium (such as air) from the oxidant (such as air) by arranging a first cooling plate on the side of the cathode plate away from the membrane electrode. In addition, since the temperature of the cooling medium gradually increases along the flow direction of the cooling medium, there is an uneven temperature distribution. The present invention sets the flow cross-section of the cathode flow channel as follows: along the flow direction of the cooling medium, the flow cross-section of the cathode flow channel upstream is larger than the flow cross-section of the cathode flow channel downstream, or it can be understood that the flow cross-section of the cathode flow channel close to the upstream of the cooling flow field is larger than the flow cross-section of the cathode flow channel close to the downstream of the cooling flow field. By adopting a non-uniformly distributed flow cross-section, the influence of the flow velocity difference of the oxidant on the membrane electrode moisture adjustment ability is utilized to compensate for the influence of the cooling medium temperature difference on the membrane electrode moisture adjustment ability, so that the drying speed of each part of the membrane electrode is relatively consistent, thereby realizing the gradient compensation of the membrane electrode moisture adjustment ability under a huge temperature difference, making the humidity of each part of the membrane electrode more balanced, thereby improving the reaction efficiency and battery performance of the fuel cell.

[0008] Optionally, along the flow direction of the cooling medium, the flow cross-sections of the plurality of cathode flow channels decrease one by one.

[0009] Optionally, among the multiple cathode flow channels, the multiple cathode flow channels include a first flow channel group and a second flow channel group, the first flow channel group is located upstream in the flow direction of the cooling medium, and the second flow channel group is located downstream in the flow direction of the cooling medium;

[0010] The flow cross section of each cathode flow channel of the first flow channel group is larger than the flow cross section of each cathode flow channel of the second flow channel group.

[0011] Optionally, the flow cross-section of each cathode flow channel in the first flow channel group is the same, and the flow cross-section of each cathode flow channel in the second flow channel group is the same.

[0012] Optionally, in each fuel cell cell, an anode flow field is provided between the anode plate and the membrane electrode, and a cathode flow field is provided between the cathode plate and the membrane electrode;

[0013] The flow direction of the fluid in the anode flow field is opposite to the flow direction of the fluid in the cathode flow field.

[0014] The embodiment of the present invention can make the humidity difference between the cathode flow field and the anode flow field offset and complement each other through the counter-flow of the cathode flow field and the anode flow field, thereby balancing the humidity of the cathode flow field and the anode flow field, so that the membrane electrode has a better humidity balance, which is beneficial to the working performance of the battery.

[0015] Optionally, an anode fluid inlet is provided at the first end of the anode plate, and an anode fluid outlet is provided at the second end of the anode plate;

[0016] A cathode fluid outlet is provided at the first end of the cathode plate, and a cathode fluid inlet is provided at the second end of the cathode plate; the anode fluid inlet and the cathode fluid outlet are located on the same side, and the anode fluid outlet and the cathode fluid inlet are located on the same side.

[0017] Optionally, the first cooling plate and the second cooling plate are both corrugated plates.

[0018] Optionally, it also includes an upper pressing plate, a lower pressing plate and fasteners;

[0019] An upper pressure plate is arranged on the upper side of the multiple stacked fuel cell cells and the multiple cooling plates along the stacking direction, and a lower pressure plate is arranged on the lower side of the multiple stacked fuel cell cells and the multiple cooling plates along the stacking direction. Fasteners are fixed to the edges of the upper pressure plate and the lower pressure plate to press and fix the multiple stacked fuel cell cells.

[0020] Optionally, the fluid between the anode plate and the membrane electrode is hydrogen, and the fluid between the cathode plate and the membrane electrode is air. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the partial structure of a closed fuel cell air-cooled stack according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a closed fuel cell air-cooled stack according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Description of reference numerals:

[0024] 11: fuel cell single cell; 111: anode plate; 112: cathode plate; 113: membrane electrode; 114: cathode flow channel; 115A: first flow channel group; 115B: second flow channel group; 116: anode flow channel;

[0025] 121: first cooling plate; 122: second cooling plate;

[0026] 131: anode flow field; 132: cathode flow field; 133: anode fluid inlet; 134: anode fluid outlet; 135: cathode fluid inlet; 136: cathode fluid outlet;

[0027] L: Cooling medium flow direction. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. This embodiment is implemented based on the technical solution of the present invention, and provides a detailed implementation method and specific operation process, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0029] It should be noted that in this specification, similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined and explained in the subsequent drawings.

[0030] In the description of this embodiment, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "bottom", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or are the orientations or positional relationships in which the inventive product is usually placed when used. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0031] The terms “first”, “second”, etc. are only used for distinguishing descriptions and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0032] In the description of this embodiment, it is also necessary to explain that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "set", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this embodiment can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0033] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, the embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0034] The present invention provides a closed fuel cell air-cooled stack, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes a plurality of fuel cell cells 11 stacked and a plurality of cooling plates (e.g., a first cooling plate 121 and a second cooling plate 122). Each fuel cell cell 11 includes an anode plate 111, a cathode plate 112, and a membrane electrode 113 located between the anode plate 111 and the cathode plate 112. A first cooling plate 121 is provided on the side of the anode plate 111 of at least some fuel cell cells away from the corresponding cathode plate 112, and a second cooling plate 122 is provided on the side of the cathode plate 112 of at least some fuel cell cells away from the corresponding anode plate 111. The first cooling plate 121 and the second cooling plate 122 are connected to the corresponding anode plate 111 and the cathode plate 112, respectively.

[0035] Among them, at least some fuel cell cells can be understood as, in one embodiment, cooling plates are provided on the outside of the anode plate and the cathode plate of each fuel cell cell. In one embodiment, in the entire fuel cell air-cooled stack, the outermost fuel cell cell may not be provided with the above-mentioned first cooling plate and / or second cooling plate.

[0036] In one embodiment, the fluid between the anode plate 111 and the membrane electrode 113 is hydrogen, and the fluid between the cathode plate 112 and the membrane electrode 113 is air.

[0037] The form and material of the first cooling plate 121 and the second cooling plate 122 are not limited. In one embodiment, the first cooling plate 121 and the second cooling plate 122 are both corrugated plates (or can be understood as fin plates). In one embodiment, the first cooling plate 121 includes a partition and fins arranged on the partition. The fins are welded to the partition. The actual contact area can be increased by increasing the resistance welding points, or the actual heat dissipation capacity of the cathode plate and the anode plate can be improved by designing special cooling flow field plate features. Compared with the traditional fin heat exchanger using brazing, the contact and heat conduction capacity between the fin and the partition can be improved. In a further embodiment, the fins are perpendicular or nearly perpendicular to the surface of the anode plate 111 or the cathode plate 112 to achieve a wind cutting effect on its surface.

[0038] Specifically, in one embodiment, the first cooling plate 121 and the second cooling plate 122 are respectively connected to the corresponding anode plate 111 and cathode plate 112, which can be understood as follows: the edge of the first cooling plate 121 is connected to the edge of the anode plate 111 to form a cavity between the two for the circulation of the cooling medium, and the edge of the second cooling plate 122 is connected to the edge of the cathode plate 112 to form a cavity between the two for the circulation of the cooling medium. In other embodiments, the surface of the first cooling plate 121 facing the anode plate 111 is in close contact with the surface of the anode plate 111, and the corrugated grooves on the first cooling plate 121 are for the circulation of the cooling medium. The surface of the second cooling plate 122 facing the cathode plate 112 is in close contact with the surface of the cathode plate 112, and the corrugated grooves on the second cooling plate 122 are for the circulation of the cooling medium.

[0039] In one embodiment, if Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the two opposing surfaces of the first cooling plate 121 and the second cooling plate 122 are both provided with cooling medium with the same flow direction. Or it can be understood as: the cathode plate 112 separates the cathode flow field and the cooling flow field on both sides to avoid the fluids from mixing with each other, and the anode plate 111 separates the anode flow field and the cooling flow field on both sides to avoid the fluids from mixing with each other. A plurality of cathode flow channels 114 are provided on one surface of the cathode plate 112 facing the membrane electrode 113. Among the plurality of cathode flow channels 114, along the cooling medium flow direction L, the flow cross-section of the cathode flow channel 114 located upstream is larger than the flow cross-section of the cathode flow channel 114 located downstream. In one embodiment, from Figure 1 It can be seen that the flow direction L of the cooling medium is perpendicular to the extension direction of the flow channel. The flow cross section of the cathode flow channel 114 along the cooling medium flow direction L is equivalent to the cathode gas flow rate that can pass through the flow channel per unit time. The gaps between the flow channels are equal.

[0040] Specifically, the flow cross section of the cathode flow channel 114 located upstream is larger than the flow cross section of the cathode flow channel 114 located downstream. Specifically, it can be understood that the overall flow cross section of all cathode flow channels located upstream of the cooling flow field is larger than the overall flow cross section of all cathode flow channels located downstream of the cooling flow field. For example, the cathode flow channels located upstream of the cooling flow field are densely distributed, thereby forming a larger flow cross section, and the cathode flow channels located downstream of the cooling flow field are sparsely distributed, forming a smaller flow cross section. It can also be that among the multiple cathode flow channels located upstream of the cooling flow field, the flow cross section of a single cathode flow channel is larger than that of a single cathode flow channel downstream. The present invention is not limited to this. As long as the flow cross section of all cathode flow channels located upstream of the cooling flow field (or can be understood as the duty cycle of the flow channel) is larger than the flow cross section of all cathode flow channels located downstream of the cooling flow field (or can be understood as the duty cycle of the flow channel), it does not deviate from the scope of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0041] It is understandable to those skilled in the art that the temperature of the cooling medium gradually increases along the flow direction of the cooling medium. In the conventional technology, the oxidant air and the cooling medium air are mixed in the same space, that is, the air in the same space is used as both the oxidant and the cooling medium. At this time, if a large amount of air is used as both the oxidant and the cooling medium, the large flow of cooling medium will take away the moisture of the membrane electrode, affecting the working performance of the membrane electrode. If the amount of air is reduced, the cooling effect is difficult to guarantee, which may easily cause the problem of poor cooling effect. It can be seen that the existing technology cannot take into account the working humidity requirements and cooling requirements of the membrane electrode at the same time.

[0042] by Figure 1Taking the embodiment shown as an example, the right side of the cathode plate 112 (upstream of the cooling medium) is a low temperature zone, and the left side of the cathode plate 112 (downstream of the cooling medium) is a high temperature zone. The high temperature zone is easy to dry and has low humidity, while the low temperature zone is not easy to dry and has high humidity. The present invention can separate the cooling medium (such as air) from the oxidant (such as air) by arranging a first cooling plate 121 on the side of the cathode plate 112 away from the membrane electrode 113. In addition, since the temperature of the cooling medium gradually increases along the flow direction of the cooling medium, there is uneven temperature distribution. The present invention sets the flow cross section between the cathode flow channels 114 as follows: along the flow direction of the cooling medium, the upstream cathode flow channels 114 are The flow cross-section of the polar flow channel 114 is larger than the flow cross-section of the downstream cathode flow channel 114, or it can be understood that the flow cross-section of the cathode flow channel near the upstream of the cooling flow field is larger than the flow cross-section of the cathode flow channel near the downstream of the cooling flow field. The non-uniform distribution of the flow cross-section of the flow channel is used to offset the non-uniform distribution of temperature. The influence of the flow rate difference of the oxidant on the ability to adjust the moisture content of the membrane electrode is utilized to compensate for the uneven moisture content of the membrane electrode caused by the temperature difference of the cooling medium, so that the drying speed of each part of the membrane electrode is relatively consistent, thereby realizing the gradient compensation of the heat dissipation capacity, making the temperature and humidity of each part of the membrane electrode more balanced, thereby improving the reaction efficiency and battery performance of the fuel cell.

[0043] Or it can be understood that the embodiments of the present invention use different cathode flow channel duty cycles, utilize the uneven flow velocity and metering ratio of the cathode reaction flow field, and use the gradient change of the heat dissipation capacity to compensate for the temperature gradient change of the cooling medium (such as air), compensate for the impact of temperature differences on saturated vapor pressure and relative humidity, and thereby reduce the relative humidity difference of the reaction area between the upstream and downstream positions of the cooling air.

[0044] In an exemplary embodiment, along the cooling medium flow direction L, the flow cross-sectional areas of the plurality of cathode flow channels 114 decrease one by one, preferably in a linear manner.

[0045] In another exemplary embodiment, Figure 2 As shown, among the multiple cathode flow channels, the multiple cathode flow channels 114 include a first flow channel group 115A and a second flow channel group 115B, the first flow channel group 115A is located upstream of the cooling medium flow direction L, and the second flow channel group 115B is located downstream of the cooling medium flow direction L. The flow cross-section of each cathode flow channel in the first flow channel group 115A is larger than the flow cross-section of each cathode flow channel in the second flow channel group 115B. The flow cross-sections of the cathode flow channels in the first flow channel group 115A may be the same or different, and the flow cross-sections of the cathode flow channels in the second flow channel group 115B may be the same or different. In one embodiment, as Figure 2 As shown, the flow cross-section of each cathode flow channel in the first flow channel group 115A is the same, and the flow cross-section of each cathode flow channel in the second flow channel group 115B is the same.

[0046] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the anode plate 111 may be provided with a plurality of anode channels, and the flow cross-sections (or widths) of the plurality of anode channels may be the same as the layout of the cathode channels.

[0047] In one embodiment, if Figure 1 As shown, in each fuel cell cell 11 , an anode flow field 131 is formed between the anode plate 111 and the membrane electrode 113 , and a cathode flow field 132 is formed between the cathode plate 112 and the membrane electrode 113 .

[0048] The flow direction of the fluid in the anode flow field 131 is opposite to the flow direction of the fluid in the cathode flow field 132 .

[0049] Since the moisture generated upstream of the cathode flow field 132 will be carried downstream, arranging the anode flow field 131 and the cathode flow field 132 in reverse can bring the moisture downstream of the cathode back to the upstream of the cathode through the upstream of the anode to the downstream of the anode, thereby achieving uniform distribution of relative humidity.

[0050] It can be seen that the embodiment of the present invention can make the humidity difference between the cathode flow field 132 and the anode flow field 131 offset and complement each other through the counterflow of the cathode flow field 132 and the anode flow field 131, thereby balancing the humidity of the cathode flow field 132 and the anode flow field 131, so that the membrane electrode 113 has a better humidity balance, which is beneficial to the working performance of the battery. Or it can be understood that the embodiment of the present invention can optimize the temperature and humidity in the reaction area and achieve better overall stack performance through heat dissipation capacity gradient compensation, cathode flow field stoichiometric ratio compensation, anode flow field drainage capacity compensation, cooling flow field compensation, etc.

[0051] In a specific implementation manner, Figure 1 As shown, an anode fluid inlet 133 is provided at the first end of the anode plate 111 , and an anode fluid outlet 134 is provided at the second end of the anode plate 111 .

[0052] A cathode fluid outlet 136 is provided at the first end of the cathode plate 112, and a cathode fluid inlet 135 is provided at the second end of the cathode plate 112; the anode fluid inlet 133 and the cathode fluid outlet 136 are located on the same side, and the anode fluid outlet 134 and the cathode fluid inlet 135 are located on the same side.

[0053] In a further embodiment, since the temperature of the cathode air or anode hydrogen inlet is relatively low, a fan and an inner wall structure of a bellows may be provided near the reflow passage to adjust the air to compensate for the temperature difference between the middle area and the inlet and outlet areas.

[0054] In one embodiment, the closed fuel cell air-cooled stack further includes an upper pressing plate, a lower pressing plate and fasteners (not shown in the figure).

[0055] An upper pressure plate is arranged on the upper side of the multiple stacked fuel cell cells and the multiple cooling plates along the stacking direction, and a lower pressure plate is arranged on the lower side of the multiple stacked fuel cell cells and the multiple cooling plates along the stacking direction. Fasteners are fixed to the edges of the upper pressure plate and the lower pressure plate to press and fix the multiple stacked fuel cell cells.

[0056] It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the sealing condition of the cathode flow field is not strict and a certain degree of leakage is allowed.

[0057] The preferred specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above. It should be understood that a person skilled in the art can make many modifications and changes based on the concept of the present invention without creative work. Therefore, any technical solution that can be obtained by a person skilled in the art through logical analysis, reasoning or limited experiments based on the concept of the present invention on the basis of the prior art should be within the scope of protection determined by the claims.

Claims

1. A closed fuel cell air-cooled stack, characterized in that: It includes a plurality of fuel cell cells and a plurality of cooling plates arranged in a stack; Each fuel cell comprises an anode plate, a cathode plate and a membrane electrode between the anode plate and the cathode plate; a first cooling plate is provided on a side of the anode plate of at least some fuel cell cells away from the corresponding membrane electrode, and a second cooling plate is provided on a side of the cathode plate of at least some fuel cell cells away from the corresponding membrane electrode; the first cooling plate and the second cooling plate are connected to the corresponding anode plate and cathode plate respectively; The surfaces of the first cooling plate and the second cooling plate are both provided with cooling media with the same flow direction, and a plurality of cathode flow channels are distributed along the flow direction of the cooling medium on the surface of the cathode plate facing the membrane electrode, and among the plurality of cathode flow channels, along the flow direction of the cooling medium, the flow cross-section of the cathode flow channel located upstream is larger than the flow cross-section of the cathode flow channel located downstream.

2. The closed fuel cell air-cooled stack according to claim 1, characterized in that: Along the flow direction of the cooling medium, the flow cross sections of the plurality of cathode flow channels decrease one by one.

3. The closed fuel cell air-cooled stack according to claim 1, characterized in that: Among the plurality of cathode flow channels, the plurality of cathode flow channels include a first flow channel group and a second flow channel group, the first flow channel group is located upstream in the flow direction of the cooling medium, and the second flow channel group is located downstream in the flow direction of the cooling medium; The flow cross section of each cathode flow channel of the first flow channel group is larger than the flow cross section of each cathode flow channel of the second flow channel group.

4. The closed fuel cell air-cooled stack according to claim 3, characterized in that: The flow cross-section of each cathode flow channel in the first flow channel group is the same, and the flow cross-section of each cathode flow channel in the second flow channel group is the same.

5. The closed fuel cell air-cooled stack according to claim 1, characterized in that: In each fuel cell, the anode flow field is between the anode plate and the membrane electrode, and the cathode flow field is between the cathode plate and the membrane electrode; The flow direction of the fluid in the anode flow field is opposite to the flow direction of the fluid in the cathode flow field.

6. The closed fuel cell air-cooled stack according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first end of the anode plate is provided with an anode fluid inlet, and the second end of the anode plate is provided with an anode fluid outlet; A cathode fluid outlet is provided at the first end of the cathode plate, and a cathode fluid inlet is provided at the second end of the cathode plate; the anode fluid inlet and the cathode fluid outlet are located on the same side, and the anode fluid outlet and the cathode fluid inlet are located on the same side.

7. The closed fuel cell air-cooled stack according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first cooling plate and the second cooling plate are both corrugated plates.

8. The closed fuel cell air-cooled stack according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes an upper pressing plate, a lower pressing plate and fasteners; The upper pressure plate is arranged on the upper side of the multiple stacked fuel cell cells and the multiple cooling plates along the stacking direction, and the lower pressure plate is arranged on the lower side of the multiple stacked fuel cell cells and the multiple cooling plates along the stacking direction. The fasteners are fixed to the edges of the upper pressure plate and the lower pressure plate to press and fix the multiple stacked fuel cell cells.

9. The closed fuel cell air-cooled stack according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The fluid between the anode plate and the membrane electrode is hydrogen, and the fluid between the cathode plate and the membrane electrode is air.

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