Fuel cell temperature control method, device and system, vehicle and storage medium

Abstract

The invention relates to a fuel cell temperature control method, device and system, a vehicle and a storage medium, and relates to the technical field of batteries, the method comprises the following steps: determining the error of the inlet temperature of a fuel cell based on the change type of the inlet temperature of the fuel cell and the predicted inlet temperature of the fuel cell; determining a target opening degree of a three-way valve in the fuel cell cooling system based on the error of the inlet temperature of the fuel cell; and adjusting the opening degree of a three-way valve in the fuel cell cooling system based on the target opening degree, so that the actual inlet temperature of the fuel cell reaches the preset temperature. Therefore, the target opening degree of the three-way valve can be determined according to the change trend and change characteristics of the inlet temperature of the fuel cell, so that the opening degree of the three-way valve in the fuel cell cooling system is adjusted in advance according to the target opening degree, the time delay of temperature adjustment is reduced, and the actual inlet temperature of the fuel cell is closer to the preset temperature; and the control accuracy of the inlet temperature of the fuel cell is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of battery technology, in particular to the field of new energy vehicle fuel cell technology, and specifically to a fuel cell temperature control method, device, system, vehicle and storage medium. Background Art

[0002] The performance and life of a fuel cell are largely dependent on the operating temperature of the fuel cell. If the inlet temperature of the fuel cell is too low, the electrochemical reaction rate of the fuel cell will decrease, resulting in a decrease in output power. If the inlet temperature of the fuel cell is too high, it will accelerate the aging of the internal materials of the fuel cell and shorten the service life of the fuel cell. Therefore, controlling the inlet temperature of the fuel cell is crucial for the stable operation and efficient performance of the fuel cell. For a fuel cell with a cooling system, the inlet temperature of the fuel cell can be controlled by controlling the opening of the three-way valve in the cooling system.

[0003] In the related art, the feedforward control value and feedback control value of the three-way valve are calculated by the state parameters of the cooling system and the opening law of the three-way valve, and the radiator fan feedback control value is calculated based on the outlet temperature error of the radiator in the cooling system. The three-way valve feedforward control value is corrected according to the inlet temperature error, so that the opening of the three-way valve is controlled according to the corrected three-way valve feedforward control value and the three-way valve feedback control value, and the speed of the radiator fan is controlled according to the radiator fan feedback control value to control the fuel cell inlet temperature. In another related art, by calculating the difference between the external circulation temperature and the inlet temperature of the cooling system, the difference between the actual inlet temperature and the target inlet temperature, and the rate of change of the difference between the actual inlet temperature and the target inlet temperature, it is used as the input of the proportional integral derivative (PID) controller to determine the control opening of the three-way valve to control the fuel cell inlet temperature. In these two methods, when the output power of the fuel cell changes, the target inlet temperature of the fuel cell changes, and the inlet temperature of the fuel cell controlled by the three-way valve opening has a time lag, and it is impossible to achieve accurate control of the fuel cell inlet temperature. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the embodiments of the present application is to provide a fuel cell temperature control method, device, system, vehicle and storage medium, aiming to solve the technical problem of low fuel cell inlet temperature control accuracy in related technologies.

[0005] In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted in the embodiment of the present application is as follows: In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a fuel cell temperature control method, the method comprising: determining an error in a fuel cell inlet temperature based on a type of change in the fuel cell inlet temperature and a predicted inlet temperature of the fuel cell; determining a target opening of a three-way valve in a fuel cell cooling system based on the error in the fuel cell inlet temperature; and adjusting the opening of the three-way valve in the fuel cell cooling system based on the target opening so that the actual inlet temperature of the fuel cell reaches a preset temperature.

[0006] According to the above technical means, the change trend and change characteristics of the fuel cell inlet temperature can be determined by the predicted fuel cell inlet temperature and the change type of the fuel cell inlet temperature. The error of the fuel cell inlet temperature can be determined more accurately according to the change trend and change characteristics of the fuel cell inlet temperature, so that the opening of the three-way valve in the fuel cell cooling system can be adjusted in advance according to the target opening, the time lag of temperature regulation is reduced, the actual inlet temperature of the fuel cell is closer to the preset temperature, and the accuracy of the fuel cell inlet temperature control is improved.

[0007] In a possible implementation, the change type of the fuel cell inlet temperature includes: temperature increase, temperature decrease or steady state.

[0008] According to the above technical means, the change of the fuel cell inlet temperature is classified, and different strategies can be used for different types of temperature changes to more accurately determine the error of the fuel cell inlet temperature. In addition, the change type of the fuel cell inlet temperature can reflect the change trend of the actual inlet temperature of the fuel cell, so that the target opening of the three-way valve can be more accurately determined according to the change trend of the actual inlet temperature of the fuel cell, thereby improving the accuracy of the fuel cell inlet temperature control.

[0009] In one possible implementation, the error of the fuel cell inlet temperature is determined based on the predicted inlet temperature of the fuel cell and the type of change in the fuel cell inlet temperature, including: when the type of change in the fuel cell inlet temperature is heating or cooling, and the difference between the actual inlet temperature of the fuel cell and the preset temperature is within the temperature error range, determining the difference between the predicted inlet temperature of the fuel cell and the preset temperature as the error of the fuel cell inlet temperature.

[0010] According to the above technical means, when the change type of the fuel cell inlet temperature is heating up or cooling down, the difference between the predicted inlet temperature and the preset temperature is used as the error of the fuel cell inlet temperature, so that the problem of deviation of the actual inlet temperature of the fuel cell can be discovered in advance. When the actual inlet temperature of the fuel cell has not exceeded the temperature error range, it is adjusted to avoid the fuel cell inlet temperature from further deviating from the preset temperature, making the control of the fuel cell inlet temperature more forward-looking. In addition, when the operating conditions of the fuel cell change dynamically, the difference between the predicted inlet temperature and the preset temperature is used as the error, so that the target opening that needs to be adjusted can be determined more accurately, thereby improving the accuracy of the fuel cell inlet temperature control.

[0011] In one possible implementation, before determining the error of the fuel cell inlet temperature based on the predicted inlet temperature of the fuel cell and the type of change in the fuel cell inlet temperature, the method further includes: determining the predicted inlet temperature based on the actual inlet temperature and historical inlet temperature of the fuel cell.

[0012] According to the above technical means, by predicting the fuel cell inlet temperature, the abnormality of the fuel cell inlet temperature can be discovered in advance. When the fuel cell inlet temperature is abnormal, intervention is performed through the target opening of the three-way valve to avoid the performance degradation of the fuel cell due to overheating or overcooling.

[0013] In one possible implementation, a predicted inlet temperature is determined based on an actual inlet temperature and a historical inlet temperature of the fuel cell, including: predicting the inlet temperature of the fuel cell at a target future moment based on the actual inlet temperature of the fuel cell and the historical inlet temperature of the fuel cell at a target historical moment to obtain a predicted inlet temperature; a first time duration between the target historical moment and the current moment is different from a second time duration between the current moment and the target future moment; and both the first time duration and the second time duration are positively correlated with the output power of the fuel cell.

[0014] According to the above technical means, the predicted time length of the fuel cell inlet temperature can be adaptively changed according to the output power of the fuel cell, and can adapt to different operating conditions of the fuel cell, so that the predicted inlet temperature of the fuel cell is intervened under specific conditions, and the operating state of the three-way valve is adjusted in advance according to the target opening, thereby improving the accuracy of the fuel cell inlet temperature control.

[0015] In a possible implementation, the type of change in the fuel cell inlet temperature is determined based on the magnitude relationship between the preset temperature at the current moment and the preset temperature at the previous moment.

[0016] According to the above technical means, the change type of the fuel cell inlet temperature is judged by the preset temperature, which can intuitively reflect the change direction of the current fuel cell inlet temperature, so as to more specifically determine the target opening of the three-way valve and accurately adjust the fuel cell inlet temperature.

[0017] In a possible implementation, the preset temperature is positively correlated with the output power of the fuel cell.

[0018] According to the above technical means, the preset temperature is positively correlated with the output power of the fuel cell, which can keep the fuel cell in a suitable temperature environment under different working conditions, avoiding accelerated aging of the fuel cell due to excessively high or low temperature.

[0019] In one possible implementation, a target opening of a three-way valve in a fuel cell cooling system is determined based on an error in a fuel cell inlet temperature, including: determining control parameters of a PID feedback loop based on an error in a fuel cell inlet temperature, an actual opening of the three-way valve in a fuel cell cooling system, and a type of change in a fuel cell inlet temperature; and determining a target opening through a PID feedback loop based on the control parameters and an error in a fuel cell inlet temperature.

[0020] According to the above technical means, not only the influence of the error of the fuel cell inlet temperature on the control parameters is considered, but also the influence of the flow distribution characteristics of the three-way valve on the control parameters is considered. By adjusting the control parameters of the PID feedback loop, the control accuracy of the fuel cell inlet temperature is further improved.

[0021] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a fuel cell temperature control device, which includes: a determination module and an adjustment module; the determination module is used to determine the error of the fuel cell inlet temperature based on the change type of the fuel cell inlet temperature and the predicted inlet temperature of the fuel cell; the determination module is also used to determine the target opening of the three-way valve in the fuel cell cooling system based on the error of the fuel cell inlet temperature; the adjustment module is used to adjust the opening of the three-way valve in the fuel cell cooling system based on the target opening so that the actual inlet temperature of the fuel cell reaches a preset temperature.

[0022] In a possible implementation, the change type of the fuel cell inlet temperature includes: temperature increase, temperature decrease or steady state.

[0023] In one possible implementation, the determination module is specifically used to determine the difference between the predicted inlet temperature of the fuel cell and the preset temperature as the error of the fuel cell inlet temperature when the type of change in the fuel cell inlet temperature is heating or cooling, and the difference between the actual inlet temperature of the fuel cell and the preset temperature is within a temperature error range.

[0024] In a possible implementation manner, the determination module is further configured to determine the predicted inlet temperature based on the actual inlet temperature and the historical inlet temperature of the fuel cell.

[0025] In one possible implementation, a determination module is specifically used to predict the inlet temperature of the fuel cell at a target future moment based on the actual inlet temperature of the fuel cell and the historical inlet temperature of the fuel cell at the target historical moment to obtain a predicted inlet temperature; the first time length between the target historical moment and the current moment is different from the second time length between the current moment and the target future moment; the first time length and the second time length are both positively correlated with the output power of the fuel cell.

[0026] In a possible implementation, the type of change in the fuel cell inlet temperature is determined based on the magnitude relationship between the preset temperature at the current moment and the preset temperature at the previous moment.

[0027] In a possible implementation, the preset temperature is positively correlated with the output power of the fuel cell.

[0028] In one possible implementation, a determination module is specifically used to determine control parameters of a PID feedback loop based on an error in a fuel cell inlet temperature, an actual opening of a three-way valve in a fuel cell cooling system, and a type of change in a fuel cell inlet temperature; and to determine a target opening through a PID feedback loop based on the control parameters and an error in a fuel cell inlet temperature.

[0029] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a fuel cell system, which includes: a processor and a memory for storing instructions executable by the processor; wherein the processor is configured to execute the instructions to implement the fuel cell temperature control method described above.

[0030] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a vehicle, which includes: the fuel cell temperature control device described above, or the fuel cell system described above.

[0031] In a fifth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium having computer program instructions stored thereon. When the computer program instructions are executed by a processor, the fuel cell temperature control method of any of the above embodiments is implemented.

[0032] In a sixth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer program product, which includes computer program instructions, and when the computer program instructions are executed by a processor, the fuel cell temperature control method of any of the above embodiments is implemented.

[0033] It should be noted that the technical effects brought about by any implementation method in the second to sixth aspects can refer to the technical effects brought about by the corresponding implementation method in the first aspect, and will not be repeated here.

[0034] It should be understood that the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the present application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] The drawings herein are incorporated into the specification and constitute a part of the specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present application, and together with the specification are used to explain the principles of the present application, and do not constitute an improper limitation on the present application.

[0036] Figure 1 is a flow chart of a fuel cell temperature control method according to an exemplary embodiment; Figure 2 is a flow chart showing another fuel cell temperature control method according to an exemplary embodiment; Figure 3 is a flow chart of another fuel cell temperature control method according to an exemplary embodiment; Figure 4 is a flow chart of another fuel cell temperature control method according to an exemplary embodiment; Figure 5 is a flow chart of another fuel cell temperature control method according to an exemplary embodiment; Figure 6 is a block diagram of a fuel cell temperature control device according to an exemplary embodiment; Figure 7 is a block diagram of a fuel cell system according to an exemplary embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] In order to enable ordinary persons in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present application, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0038] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present application and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchangeable where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present application described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with the present application. On the contrary, they are merely examples of devices and methods consistent with some aspects of the present application as detailed in the attached claims.

[0039] In the present application, the terms "comprises", "comprising" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also includes other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, an element defined by the sentence "comprising a ..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, article or device including the element.

[0040] In the embodiments of the present application, words such as "exemplary" or "for example" are used to indicate examples, illustrations or descriptions. Any embodiment or design described as "exemplary" or "for example" in the embodiments of the present application should not be interpreted as being more preferred or more advantageous than other embodiments or designs. Specifically, the use of words such as "exemplary" or "for example" is intended to present related concepts in a specific way.

[0041] As described in the background technology, fuel cells have high temperature requirements and need to accurately control the inlet and outlet temperatures of fuel cells. For fuel cells with large and small circulation cooling systems, the inlet temperature of the fuel cell can be controlled by controlling the opening of the three-way valve. However, the temperature change has a time lag, and the inlet temperature of the fuel cell needs to be predicted. The opening of the three-way valve is controlled in combination with the actual inlet temperature and the predicted inlet temperature to improve the control accuracy of the inlet temperature.

[0042] In the related art, the error between the actual inlet temperature of the fuel cell and the target inlet temperature is input into a feedback controller, and the error between the predicted inlet temperature of the fuel cell and the target inlet temperature is input into a feedforward controller, and the heat dissipation actuator in the cooling system of the fuel cell is adjusted according to the results of the feedback controller and the feedforward controller to control the inlet temperature of the fuel cell. In another related art, the opening of the thermostat in the cooling system of the fuel cell is adjusted by predicting the time when the actual inlet temperature of the fuel cell reaches the target inlet temperature to control the inlet temperature of the fuel cell.

[0043] In the actual operation of the fuel cell, when the fuel cell is in a steady-state condition, the fuel cell output power remains unchanged and the target inlet temperature remains unchanged. The error between the actual inlet temperature and the target inlet temperature is input into the feedback controller to accurately control the inlet temperature of the fuel cell. However, when the fuel cell is in a dynamic condition, the fuel cell output power changes and the target inlet temperature changes. The inlet temperature of the fuel cell cannot be quickly and accurately controlled based on the error between the actual inlet temperature and the target inlet temperature.

[0044] In view of this, the present application provides a fuel cell temperature control method, which classifies the changes in the fuel cell inlet temperature and determines the corresponding inlet temperature errors for different types of changes in the fuel cell inlet temperature to determine the target opening of the three-way valve, so that the opening of the three-way valve in the fuel cell cooling system can be adjusted in advance based on the target opening, thereby reducing the time lag of temperature regulation, making the actual inlet temperature of the fuel cell closer to the preset temperature, and improving the accuracy of the fuel cell inlet temperature control.

[0045] For ease of understanding, the fuel cell temperature control method provided in the present application is specifically introduced below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0046] In some embodiments, the executor of the fuel cell temperature control method provided in the embodiments of the present application can be a fuel cell cooling system, a fuel cell system, a vehicle controller, or any device or equipment that can adjust the opening of the three-way valve in the fuel cell cooling system, and the embodiments of the present application are not limited to this.

[0047] Figure 1 is a flow chart of a fuel cell temperature control method according to an exemplary embodiment. Figure 1 As shown, the fuel cell temperature control method includes the following steps: S101 . Determine an error in the fuel cell inlet temperature based on a change type of the fuel cell inlet temperature and a predicted fuel cell inlet temperature.

[0048] The change types of the fuel cell inlet temperature include: temperature increase, temperature decrease or steady state.

[0049] In some embodiments, a predicted inlet temperature of the fuel cell may be determined based on an actual inlet temperature and a historical inlet temperature of the fuel cell.

[0050] In some embodiments, the type of change in the current fuel cell inlet temperature may be determined based on a preset temperature of the fuel cell.

[0051] In some embodiments, the above step S101 can be implemented as follows: determining the error of the fuel cell inlet temperature according to the change type of the current fuel cell inlet temperature, the actual fuel cell inlet temperature, the preset temperature and the predicted fuel cell inlet temperature.

[0052] It should be noted that the preset temperature is the temperature at which the cooling medium of the fuel cell cooling system enters the fuel cell when the fuel cell is in an ideal operating state. When the inlet temperature of the fuel cell reaches the preset temperature, the working efficiency of the fuel cell is the highest. The preset temperature is positively correlated with the output power of the fuel cell. The higher the output power of the fuel cell, the higher the preset temperature. For example, the corresponding relationship between the preset temperature and the output power of the fuel cell can be a positively correlated piecewise function relationship or a positively correlated quadratic function relationship, which is not limited in the embodiments of the present application.

[0053] S102 : Determine a target opening of a three-way valve in a fuel cell cooling system based on an error in a fuel cell inlet temperature.

[0054] In some embodiments, the error of the fuel cell inlet temperature can be used as a control target for feedback control of the three-way valve opening, and a PID feedback control loop can be used to determine the target opening of the three-way valve in the fuel cell cooling system.

[0055] One possible implementation method is to determine the control parameters of the PID feedback control loop according to the error of the fuel cell inlet temperature corresponding to different types of changes in the fuel cell inlet temperature, and input the error of the fuel cell inlet temperature into the PID feedback control loop controller to obtain the target opening of the three-way valve.

[0056] S103 . Adjust the opening of the three-way valve in the fuel cell cooling system based on the target opening so that the actual inlet temperature of the fuel cell reaches a preset temperature.

[0057] In some embodiments, after determining the target opening of the three-way valve, the opening of the three-way valve in the fuel cell cooling system can be adjusted based on the target opening so that the actual opening of the three-way valve reaches the target opening, thereby changing the flow distribution ratio of the large and small cycles of the fuel cell cooling system so that the actual inlet temperature of the fuel cell reaches a preset temperature.

[0058] It should be understood that, when the change type of the fuel cell inlet temperature is temperature increase, the actual fuel cell inlet temperature increases with time until it reaches the preset temperature, and the opening of the three-way valve can be increased based on the target opening of the three-way valve to avoid the actual fuel cell inlet temperature from overshooting upward. When the change type of the fuel cell inlet temperature is temperature reduction, the actual fuel cell inlet temperature decreases with time until it reaches the preset temperature, and the opening of the three-way valve can be reduced based on the target opening of the three-way valve to avoid the actual fuel cell inlet temperature from overshooting downward.

[0059] In some embodiments, the change type of the fuel cell inlet temperature may be determined based on the magnitude relationship between the preset temperature at the current moment and the preset temperature at the previous moment.

[0060] In a possible implementation, when the preset temperature at the current moment is greater than or equal to the preset temperature at the previous moment, and the actual inlet temperature of the fuel cell at the current moment is less than the preset temperature, the change type of the fuel cell inlet temperature is heating. When the preset temperature at the current moment is less than or equal to the preset temperature at the previous moment, and the actual inlet temperature of the fuel cell at the current moment is greater than the preset temperature, the change type of the fuel cell inlet temperature is cooling. In other cases except the above two cases, the change type of the fuel cell inlet temperature is steady state.

[0061] It should be understood that judging the type of change in the fuel cell inlet temperature by the relationship between the preset temperature at the current moment and the preset temperature at the previous moment can intuitively reflect the direction of change in the current fuel cell inlet temperature, so as to more specifically determine the target opening of the three-way valve and accurately adjust the inlet temperature of the fuel cell.

[0062] In some embodiments, Figure 2 As shown, before the above step S101, the fuel cell temperature control method provided in the embodiment of the present application further includes the following step S100: S100 : Determine a predicted inlet temperature based on an actual inlet temperature and a historical inlet temperature of the fuel cell.

[0063] In some embodiments, the inlet temperature of the fuel cell at a target future time may be predicted based on the actual inlet temperature of the fuel cell and the historical inlet temperature of the fuel cell at the target historical time to obtain the predicted inlet temperature of the fuel cell.

[0064] The first time duration between the target historical moment and the current moment is different from the second time duration between the current moment and the target future moment. Both the first time duration and the second time duration are positively correlated with the output power of the fuel cell.

[0065] It should be noted that the higher the output power of the fuel cell, the longer the first duration and the second duration. The magnitude of the positive correlation between the first duration and the output power of the fuel cell is different from the magnitude of the positive correlation between the second duration and the output power of the fuel cell. For example, when the first duration is 2s, the second duration is 3s. Or, when the first duration is 3s, the second duration is 3s.

[0066] In a possible implementation, when the change type of the fuel cell inlet temperature is temperature increase, the fuel cell inlet temperature at the target future time can be predicted by the following expression (1) to obtain the predicted fuel cell inlet temperature: ; in, Indicates the predicted inlet temperature of the fuel cell at the target future time when the change type of the fuel cell inlet temperature is temperature increase. Indicates the actual inlet temperature of the fuel cell at the current moment. Represents the historical inlet temperature of the fuel cell at the target historical moment during the heating phase. Indicates the current moment. Indicates the first duration of the heating phase. Indicates the second duration of the heating phase.

[0067] Another possible implementation method is that when the change type of the fuel cell inlet temperature is cooling, the inlet temperature of the fuel cell at the target future time can be predicted by the following expression (2) to obtain the predicted inlet temperature of the fuel cell: ; in, It indicates the predicted inlet temperature of the fuel cell at the target future time when the change type of the fuel cell inlet temperature is cooling. Indicates the actual inlet temperature of the fuel cell at the current moment. Represents the historical inlet temperature of the fuel cell during the cooling phase at the target historical moment. Indicates the current moment. Indicates the first duration of the cooling phase. Indicates the second duration of the cooling phase.

[0068] It should be understood that by predicting the fuel cell inlet temperature through the actual inlet temperature and historical inlet temperature of the fuel cell, the abnormality of the fuel cell inlet temperature can be discovered in advance. When the fuel cell inlet temperature is abnormal, the three-way valve target opening is used to intervene to avoid the performance degradation of the fuel cell due to overheating or overcooling. In addition, the size of the first duration and the second duration can be adaptively changed according to the output power of the fuel cell, which can adapt to different operating conditions of the fuel cell, so that the predicted inlet temperature of the fuel cell intervenes under specific conditions, and the three-way valve operating state is adjusted in advance according to the target opening, thereby improving the accuracy of the fuel cell inlet temperature control.

[0069] In some embodiments, Figure 3 As shown, the above step S101 can be specifically implemented through the following steps S1011-S1012: S1011. When the change type of the fuel cell inlet temperature is heating or cooling, and the difference between the actual inlet temperature of the fuel cell and the preset temperature is within the temperature error range, the difference between the predicted inlet temperature of the fuel cell and the preset temperature is determined as the error of the fuel cell inlet temperature.

[0070] In one possible implementation, when the type of change in the fuel cell inlet temperature is heating, and the difference between the actual inlet temperature of the fuel cell and the preset temperature is within a heating error range, the error in the fuel cell inlet temperature is the difference between the predicted inlet temperature of the fuel cell and the preset temperature.

[0071] Exemplarily, the type of change in the fuel cell inlet temperature is a temperature increase, and In the case of , the error of the fuel cell inlet temperature can be determined by the following expression (3): ; in, Represents the error in the fuel cell inlet temperature. Indicates the preset temperature of the fuel cell. Indicates the actual inlet temperature of the fuel cell at the current moment. It represents the temperature rise error threshold in the temperature rise stage, which can be set according to the property information of the fuel cell without restriction. Indicates the predicted inlet temperature of the fuel cell when the change type of the fuel cell inlet temperature is temperature increase.

[0072] Another possible implementation method is that when the change type of the fuel cell inlet temperature is cooling, and the difference between the actual inlet temperature of the fuel cell and the preset temperature is within the cooling error range, the error of the fuel cell inlet temperature is the difference between the predicted inlet temperature of the fuel cell and the preset temperature.

[0073] Exemplarily, the type of change in the fuel cell inlet temperature is cooling, and In the case of , the error of the fuel cell inlet temperature can be determined by the following expression (4): ; in, Represents the error in the fuel cell inlet temperature. Indicates the preset temperature of the fuel cell. Indicates the actual inlet temperature of the fuel cell at the current moment. Indicates the temperature drop error threshold in the temperature drop phase, which can be set according to the property information of the fuel cell without restriction. Indicates the predicted inlet temperature of the fuel cell when the change type of the fuel cell inlet temperature is cooling.

[0074] S1012: When the change type of the fuel cell inlet temperature is a steady state, determine the difference between the actual fuel cell inlet temperature and the preset temperature as the fuel cell inlet temperature error.

[0075] One possible implementation method is that when the change type of the fuel cell inlet temperature is steady-state, the output power of the fuel cell remains unchanged, and the preset temperature of the fuel cell remains unchanged, the difference between the actual inlet temperature of the fuel cell and the preset temperature can be directly determined as the error of the fuel cell inlet temperature.

[0076] For example, when the change type of the fuel cell inlet temperature is steady state, the error of the fuel cell inlet temperature can be determined by the following expression (5): ; in, Represents the error in the fuel cell inlet temperature. Indicates the preset temperature of the fuel cell. Indicates the actual inlet temperature of the fuel cell at the current moment.

[0077] It should be understood that when the change type of the fuel cell inlet temperature is heating or cooling, the difference between the predicted inlet temperature and the preset temperature is used as the error of the fuel cell inlet temperature, which can detect the deviation of the actual fuel cell inlet temperature in advance. When the actual inlet temperature of the fuel cell has not exceeded the temperature error range, it is adjusted to avoid the fuel cell inlet temperature from further deviating from the preset temperature, making the control of the fuel cell inlet temperature more forward-looking. In addition, when the operating conditions of the fuel cell change dynamically, the difference between the predicted inlet temperature and the preset temperature is used as the error, which can more accurately determine the target opening that needs to be adjusted and improve the accuracy of the fuel cell inlet temperature control.

[0078] In some embodiments, Figure 4 As shown, the above step S102 can be specifically implemented through the following steps S1021-S1022: S1021. Determine control parameters of a PID feedback loop based on the error of the fuel cell inlet temperature, the actual opening of the three-way valve in the fuel cell cooling system, and the type of change in the fuel cell inlet temperature.

[0079] Among them, the control parameters of the PID feedback loop include: proportional control coefficient, integral control coefficient and differential control coefficient.

[0080] In some embodiments, the control parameters of the PID feedback loop corresponding to the fuel cell at the current moment can be determined based on the error of the fuel cell inlet temperature, the actual opening of the three-way valve in the fuel cell cooling system, and the type of change in the fuel cell inlet temperature.

[0081] A possible implementation method is that when the change type of the fuel cell inlet temperature is heating, the error of the fuel cell inlet temperature is , the control parameters of the PID feedback loop can be determined by the following expressions (6), (7), (8): ; ; ; in, Represents the proportional control coefficient. Represents the integral control coefficient. represents the differential control coefficient. Represents the error in the fuel cell inlet temperature. Indicates the actual opening of the three-way valve in the fuel cell cooling system.

[0082] Another possible implementation method is that when the change type of the fuel cell inlet temperature is cooling, the error of the fuel cell inlet temperature is , the control parameters of the PID feedback loop can be determined by the following expressions (9), (10), (11): ; ; ; in, Represents the proportional control coefficient. Represents the integral control coefficient. represents the differential control coefficient. Represents the error in the fuel cell inlet temperature. Indicates the actual opening of the three-way valve in the fuel cell cooling system.

[0083] In another possible implementation, when the change type of the fuel cell inlet temperature is steady state, the error of the fuel cell inlet temperature is , the control parameters of the PID feedback loop can be determined by the following expressions (12), (13), (14): ; ; ; in, Represents the proportional control coefficient. Represents the integral control coefficient. represents the differential control coefficient. Represents the error in the fuel cell inlet temperature. Indicates the actual opening of the three-way valve in the fuel cell cooling system.

[0084] It should be noted that the above , , For different functional relationships. When the error of the fuel cell inlet temperature is large, the accuracy of the target opening of the three-way valve can be increased by increasing the proportional control coefficient to speed up the response speed of the fuel cell cooling system. When the error of the fuel cell inlet temperature is small, the proportional control coefficient can be reduced to avoid overshoot. In addition, the integral control coefficient can be adjusted according to the integral of the error of the fuel cell inlet temperature, and the differential control coefficient can be adjusted according to the rate of change of the error of the fuel cell inlet temperature.

[0085] S1022. Determine the target opening through a PID feedback loop based on the error between the control parameter and the fuel cell inlet temperature.

[0086] In some embodiments, after determining the proportional control coefficient, integral control coefficient and differential control coefficient, the errors of the proportional control coefficient, integral control coefficient, differential control coefficient and fuel cell inlet temperature can be substituted into the PID feedback loop controller to obtain the target opening of the three-way valve.

[0087] One possible implementation method is to determine the target opening by substituting the proportional control coefficient, the integral control coefficient, the differential control coefficient, and the error of the fuel cell inlet temperature into the following expression (15): ; in, Indicates the target opening of the three-way valve. Represents the proportional control coefficient. Represents the error in the fuel cell inlet temperature. Represents the integral control coefficient. represents the differential control coefficient.

[0088] It should be understood that the target opening of the three-way valve is determined by the control parameter and the error of the fuel cell inlet temperature, which not only takes into account the influence of the error of the fuel cell inlet temperature on the control parameter, but also takes into account the influence of the flow distribution characteristics of the three-way valve on the control parameter. The control parameters of the PID feedback loop are adjusted according to the error of the fuel cell inlet temperature, the actual opening of the three-way valve in the fuel cell cooling system, and the type of change in the fuel cell inlet temperature, thereby further improving the control accuracy of the fuel cell inlet temperature.

[0089] Figure 5 is a flow chart of another fuel cell temperature control method according to an exemplary embodiment. Figure 5 As shown, the fuel cell temperature control method includes the following steps: S501 , predicting the inlet temperature of the fuel cell.

[0090] S502: Determine the change type of the fuel cell inlet temperature.

[0091] S503 : Determine a fuel cell inlet temperature error based on the predicted inlet temperature and the change type of the fuel cell inlet temperature.

[0092] S504: Determine the target opening of the three-way valve based on the fuel cell inlet temperature error.

[0093] S505 , controlling the opening of the three-way valve to reach a target opening, so that the actual inlet temperature of the fuel cell reaches a preset temperature.

[0094] The above mainly introduces the solution provided by the embodiment of the present application from the perspective of the method. In order to achieve the above functions, the fuel cell temperature control device or the fuel cell system includes a hardware structure and / or software module corresponding to the execution of each function. It should be easily appreciated by those skilled in the art that, in combination with the units and algorithm steps of each example described in the embodiments disclosed herein, the present application can be implemented in the form of hardware or a combination of hardware and computer software. Whether a function is executed in the form of hardware or computer software driving hardware depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Professional and technical personnel can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered to be beyond the scope of this application.

[0095] The embodiments of the present application can divide the functional modules of the fuel cell temperature control device or the fuel cell system according to the above method. For example, the fuel cell temperature control device or the fuel cell system may include various functional modules corresponding to the various functional divisions, or two or more functions may be integrated into one processing module. The above integrated modules can be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of software functional modules. It should be noted that the division of modules in the embodiments of the present application is schematic and is only a logical functional division. There may be other division methods in actual implementation.

[0096] Figure 6 is a block diagram of a fuel cell temperature control device according to an exemplary embodiment. Figure 6 The fuel cell temperature control device 600 includes: a determination module 601 and an adjustment module 602 .

[0097] The determination module 601 is used to determine the error of the fuel cell inlet temperature based on the change type of the fuel cell inlet temperature and the predicted inlet temperature of the fuel cell; the determination module 601 is also used to determine the target opening of the three-way valve in the fuel cell cooling system based on the error of the fuel cell inlet temperature; the adjustment module 602 is used to adjust the opening of the three-way valve in the fuel cell cooling system based on the target opening so that the actual inlet temperature of the fuel cell reaches a preset temperature.

[0098] In a possible implementation, the change type of the fuel cell inlet temperature includes: temperature increase, temperature decrease or steady state.

[0099] In one possible implementation, the determination module 601 is specifically used to determine the difference between the predicted inlet temperature of the fuel cell and the preset temperature as the error of the fuel cell inlet temperature when the change type of the fuel cell inlet temperature is heating or cooling, and the difference between the actual inlet temperature of the fuel cell and the preset temperature is within the temperature error range.

[0100] In a possible implementation, the determination module 601 is further configured to determine a predicted inlet temperature based on an actual inlet temperature and a historical inlet temperature of the fuel cell.

[0101] In one possible implementation, the determination module 601 is specifically used to predict the inlet temperature of the fuel cell at a target future moment based on the actual inlet temperature of the fuel cell and the historical inlet temperature of the fuel cell at the target historical moment, so as to obtain the predicted inlet temperature; the first time length between the target historical moment and the current moment is different from the second time length between the current moment and the target future moment; the first time length and the second time length are both positively correlated with the output power of the fuel cell.

[0102] In a possible implementation, the type of change in the fuel cell inlet temperature is determined based on the magnitude relationship between the preset temperature at the current moment and the preset temperature at the previous moment.

[0103] In a possible implementation, the preset temperature is positively correlated with the output power of the fuel cell.

[0104] In one possible implementation, the determination module 601 is specifically used to determine the control parameters of the PID feedback loop based on the error of the fuel cell inlet temperature, the actual opening of the three-way valve in the fuel cell cooling system, and the type of change in the fuel cell inlet temperature; based on the control parameters and the error of the fuel cell inlet temperature, determine the target opening through the PID feedback loop.

[0105] According to the above-mentioned technical means, by classifying the changes in the fuel cell inlet temperature, the corresponding inlet temperature errors are determined for different types of changes in the fuel cell inlet temperature, so as to determine the target opening of the three-way valve, so that the opening of the three-way valve in the fuel cell cooling system can be adjusted in advance based on the target opening, thereby reducing the time lag of temperature regulation, making the actual inlet temperature of the fuel cell closer to the preset temperature, and improving the accuracy of the fuel cell inlet temperature control.

[0106] Regarding the device in the above embodiment, the specific manner in which each module performs operations has been described in detail in the embodiment of the method, and will not be elaborated here.

[0107] Figure 7 FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a fuel cell system according to an exemplary embodiment. Figure 7 As shown, the fuel cell system 700 includes but is not limited to: a processor 701 and a memory 702 .

[0108] The memory 702 is used to store executable instructions of the processor 701. It can be understood that the processor 701 is configured to execute instructions to implement the fuel cell temperature control method in the above embodiment.

[0109] It should be noted that those skilled in the art can understand that Figure 7 The fuel cell system structure shown in the figure does not constitute a limitation on the fuel cell system. The fuel cell system may include Figure 7 More or fewer components may be shown, or certain components may be combined, or the components may be arranged differently.

[0110] The processor 701 is the control center of the fuel cell system. It uses various interfaces and lines to connect various parts of the entire fuel cell system. By running or executing software programs and / or modules stored in the memory 702, and calling data stored in the memory 702, it performs various functions of the fuel cell system and processes data, thereby monitoring the fuel cell system as a whole. The processor 701 may include one or more processing units. Optionally, the processor 701 may integrate an application processor and a modem processor, wherein the application processor mainly processes the operating system, user interface, and application programs, and the modem processor mainly processes wireless communications. It is understandable that the above-mentioned modem processor may not be integrated into the processor 701.

[0111] The memory 702 may be used to store software programs and various data. The memory 702 may mainly include a program storage area and a data storage area, wherein the program storage area may store an operating system, an application program required by at least one functional module (such as a determination unit, a processing unit, etc.), etc. In addition, the memory 702 may include a high-speed random access memory, and may also include a non-volatile memory, such as at least one disk storage device, a flash memory device, or other volatile solid-state storage devices.

[0112] In an exemplary embodiment, a computer-readable storage medium including instructions is also provided, such as a memory 702 including instructions. The instructions can be executed by a processor 701 of a fuel cell system 700 to implement the fuel cell temperature control method in the above embodiment.

[0113] In actual implementation, Figure 6 The functions of the determination module 601 and the adjustment module 602 in Figure 7 The processor 701 in the embodiment calls the computer program stored in the memory 702. The specific execution process can refer to the description of the method part in the above embodiment, which will not be repeated here.

[0114] Optionally, the computer-readable storage medium may be a non-temporary computer-readable storage medium, for example, the non-temporary computer-readable storage medium may be a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a CD-ROM, a magnetic tape, a floppy disk, an optical data storage device, etc.

[0115] In an exemplary embodiment, the present application also provides a computer program product including one or more instructions, and the one or more instructions can be executed by the processor 701 of the fuel cell system to implement the fuel cell temperature control method in the above embodiment.

[0116] It should be noted that when the instructions in the above-mentioned computer-readable storage medium or one or more instructions in the computer program product are executed by the processor of the fuel cell system, the various processes of the above-mentioned method embodiment are implemented, and the same technical effect as the above-mentioned method can be achieved. To avoid repetition, they will not be repeated here.

[0117] Through the description of the above implementation methods, technical personnel in the relevant field can clearly understand that for the convenience and simplicity of description, only the division of the above-mentioned functional modules is used as an example. In actual applications, the above-mentioned functions can be assigned to different functional modules as needed, that is, the internal structure of the device can be divided into different functional modules to complete all or part of the functions described above.

[0118] In the several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are only schematic, for example, the division of modules or units is only a logical function division, and there may be other division methods in actual implementation, such as multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another device, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be through some interfaces, indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units, which can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0119] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components shown as units may be one physical unit or multiple physical units, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed in multiple different places. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the present embodiment.

[0120] In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit. The above-mentioned integrated unit may be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of software functional units.

[0121] If the integrated unit is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application is essentially or the part that contributes to the prior art or all or part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions for a device (which can be a single-chip microcomputer, chip, etc.) or a processor (processor) to execute all or part of the steps of the various embodiments of the present application. The aforementioned storage medium includes: U disk, mobile hard disk, ROM, RAM, disk or CD and other media that can store program code.

[0122] The above are only specific implementations of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A fuel cell temperature control method, characterized in that: The method comprises: Based on the actual inlet temperature of the fuel cell and the historical inlet temperature of the fuel cell at the target historical moment, predicting the inlet temperature of the fuel cell at the target future moment to obtain a predicted inlet temperature; A first duration between the target historical moment and the current moment is different from a second duration between the current moment and the target future moment; and both the first duration and the second duration are positively correlated with the output power of the fuel cell; determining an error in the fuel cell inlet temperature based on a type of change in the fuel cell inlet temperature and a predicted inlet temperature of the fuel cell; Based on the error of the fuel cell inlet temperature, the actual opening of the three-way valve in the fuel cell cooling system, the type of change of the fuel cell inlet temperature and the objective function relationship, the control parameters of the proportional integral differential PID feedback loop are determined; the objective function relationship is determined according to the type of change of the fuel cell inlet temperature, and the objective function relationship includes a temperature increase function relationship, a temperature decrease function relationship and a steady-state function relationship; wherein the objective function relationship is used to adjust the control parameter according to the error of the fuel cell inlet temperature; determining a target opening based on an error between the control parameter and the fuel cell inlet temperature; The opening of the three-way valve in the fuel cell cooling system is adjusted based on the target opening so that the actual inlet temperature of the fuel cell reaches a preset temperature.

2. The fuel cell temperature control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The change types of the fuel cell inlet temperature include: temperature increase, temperature decrease or steady state.

3. The fuel cell temperature control method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The step of determining the error of the fuel cell inlet temperature based on the predicted inlet temperature of the fuel cell and the type of change of the inlet temperature of the fuel cell comprises: When the change type of the fuel cell inlet temperature is heating or cooling, and the difference between the actual inlet temperature of the fuel cell and the preset temperature is within the temperature error range, the difference between the predicted inlet temperature of the fuel cell and the preset temperature is determined as the error of the fuel cell inlet temperature.

4. The fuel cell temperature control method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The change type of the fuel cell inlet temperature is determined based on the magnitude relationship between the preset temperature at the current moment and the preset temperature at the previous moment.

5. The fuel cell temperature control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preset temperature is positively correlated with the output power of the fuel cell.

6. A fuel cell temperature control device, characterized in that: The fuel cell temperature control device comprises: a determination module and an adjustment module; The determination module is used to predict the inlet temperature of the fuel cell at a target future time based on the actual inlet temperature of the fuel cell and the historical inlet temperature of the fuel cell at a target historical time, so as to obtain the predicted inlet temperature; the first time length between the target historical time and the current time is different from the second time length between the current time and the target future time; the first time length and the second time length are both positively correlated with the output power of the fuel cell; The determination module is used to determine the error of the fuel cell inlet temperature based on the change type of the fuel cell inlet temperature and the predicted inlet temperature of the fuel cell; The determination module is further used to determine the control parameters of the proportional integral differential PID feedback loop based on the error of the fuel cell inlet temperature, the actual opening of the three-way valve in the fuel cell cooling system, the type of change of the fuel cell inlet temperature and the objective function relationship; the objective function relationship is determined according to the type of change of the fuel cell inlet temperature, and the objective function relationship includes a temperature increase function relationship, a temperature decrease function relationship and a steady-state function relationship; wherein the objective function relationship is used to adjust the control parameter according to the error of the fuel cell inlet temperature; and determine the target opening based on the control parameter and the error of the fuel cell inlet temperature; The adjustment module is used to adjust the opening of the three-way valve in the fuel cell cooling system based on the target opening so that the actual inlet temperature of the fuel cell reaches a preset temperature.

7. A fuel cell system, characterized in that: The fuel cell system comprises: processor; a memory for storing instructions executable by the processor; The processor is configured to execute the instructions to implement the fuel cell temperature control method according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

8. A vehicle, characterized in that: The vehicle comprises: the fuel cell temperature control device as claimed in claim 6, or, the fuel cell system as claimed in claim 7.

9. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: The computer-readable storage medium stores computer program instructions, and when the computer program instructions are executed by a processor, the fuel cell temperature control method according to any one of claims 1 to 5 is implemented.

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