A high-power hydrogen fuel cell with a stack protection system

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of fuel cell technology, and specifically to a high-power hydrogen fuel cell with a stack protection system, comprising two inner end plates and a battery frame stacked between the two inner end plates and a spacing adjuster, wherein battery cells are arranged in the battery frame, and a scissors-type structure is arranged between the two inner end plates, the scissors-type structure has connecting pins that can move telescopically at equal intervals, and the connecting pins are connected to the battery frame. When the two inner end plates approach or move away from each other, the abutment force between adjacent battery frames increases as the two inner end plates approach each other and decreases as the two inner end plates move away from each other; the spacing adjuster has two adjustment plates respectively connected to the two inner end plates, and by stacking the battery frame equipped with battery cells between the two inner end plates and adjusting the pressure of the adjacent battery frames by the scissors-type structure installed on the two inner end plates, the problem of local stress concentration in existing hydrogen fuel cells, which affects battery performance, is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of fuel cells, and in particular to a high-power hydrogen fuel cell with a stack protection system. Background Art

[0002] As a highly efficient electrochemical energy conversion device, a hydrogen fuel cell's core structure consists of multiple single cells connected in series to form a stack. During long-term operation, the stack structure is susceptible to deformation due to factors such as material creep, uneven distribution of mechanical stress, and differences in thermal expansion coefficients. This deformation primarily manifests as compression deformation (collapse) and lateral bending deformation (deflection). This structural deformation leads to uneven contact pressure distribution within the cell, which in turn affects the contact resistance between the gas diffusion layer and the bipolar plate, ultimately leading to battery performance degradation.

[0003] Patent document announcement number CN114447392B discloses a hydrogen fuel cell stack protection system, including two end plates and a plurality of battery cells arranged between the two end plates, a plurality of staggered first frames and second frames are provided between the two end plates, the battery cells are respectively fixed on the inner sides of the first frame and the second frame to form an assembly, by providing a pressurizing propulsion mechanism on the side wall of the end plate and a steering expansion mechanism on one side of the assembly, the packaging pressure between two adjacent battery cells can be adjusted, and by providing an inclined plate between the insulating plate and the outer end plate, the distance between the end plates at both ends can be changed.

[0004] The protection system uses a sector-shaped piston to propel the second frame to rotate. However, the sector-shaped piston's force application point may deviate from the second frame's center of mass, further unbalanced pressure distribution between the upper and lower parts during rotation. This uneven pressure distribution can exacerbate localized stress concentration in the battery cells, impacting battery performance. Furthermore, the second frame's rotational motion may be affected by mechanical structural asymmetry, such as uneven friction distribution at the shaft-frame connection, further exacerbating the pressure difference between the upper and lower parts. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In response to the problems existing in the existing technology, a high-power hydrogen fuel cell with a stack protection system is provided. By stacking the battery frames equipped with battery cells between two inner end plates and using the scissor-type structure installed on the two inner end plates to dynamically adjust the pressure between adjacent battery frames, the problem of battery performance degradation caused by local stress concentration in existing hydrogen fuel cells is effectively solved.

[0006] In order to solve the problems of the prior art, the present invention provides a high-power hydrogen fuel cell with a stack protection system, comprising two inner end plates and a battery frame stacked between the two inner end plates and a spacing adjuster for adjusting the spacing between the two inner end plates, wherein battery cells are arranged in the battery frame, a scissors-type structure is arranged between the two inner end plates, the scissors-type structure has a connecting pin that can move telescopically at equal intervals, and the connecting pin is connected to the battery frame. When the two inner end plates approach or move away, the abutment force between adjacent battery frames increases as the two inner end plates approach and decreases as the two inner end plates move away; the spacing adjuster has two adjustment plates respectively connected to the two inner end plates, and the two adjustment plates can drive the inner end plates connected thereto to move synchronously.

[0007] Preferably, the adjustment plate is elastically connected to its adjacent inner end plate. When the two adjustment plates are moved away from each other, the pressure on the two inner end plates toward the adjustment plate side decreases. When the two adjustment plates are moved closer together, the pressure on the two inner end plates toward the adjustment plate side increases.

[0008] Preferably, it also includes two outer end plates, the inner end plate and the battery frame are located between the two outer end plates, and a positioning rod is provided between the two outer end plates to laterally connect the two outer end plates. The positioning rod passes through the inner end plate and the battery frame and slides with them.

[0009] Preferably, a connecting sleeve extending along the thickness direction is provided on the inner end plate, the connecting sleeve passes through the adjustment plate and slides with it, a limiting ring is provided at one end of the connecting sleeve close to the adjustment plate, and a pre-tightening elastic element is also provided on the connecting sleeve and located between the adjustment plate and the inner end plate.

[0010] Preferably, the connecting sleeve is sleeved on the positioning rod and slidably engaged therewith.

[0011] Preferably, the spacing adjuster also includes a driving plate capable of moving vertically on the battery frame and a driving block linked to the driving plate and located on the outside of the adjustment plate. A driven block is provided on the side of the adjustment plate facing the driving block. The driven block and the driving block are slidably fitted and the sliding contact surface is inclined. When the driving block moves downward, the driven block drives the adjustment plate away from the inner end plate.

[0012] Preferably, a positioning seat is provided at the top of the outer end plate, and a polished rod is provided on the positioning seat for sliding cooperation in the vertical direction. The top end of the polished rod is fixedly connected to the end of the driving plate, and the bottom end of the polished rod is fixedly connected to the driving block.

[0013] Preferably, a reset elastic element is sleeved on the polished rod, and the elastic reset element is located between the positioning seat and the driving seat.

[0014] Preferably, an oblique groove is provided on one end of the driving block facing the adjustment plate, and an oblique block is provided on the side of the driven block facing away from the adjustment plate, and the oblique groove and the oblique block are in sliding cooperation.

[0015] Preferably, the position of the battery frame at the center is fixed, and both ends of the scissor-type structure have driving pins that are rotatably connected to the inner end plates.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0017] The isometric telescopic characteristics of the scissor-type structure in this application ensure that the contact force between the battery frames is evenly distributed during the compression process of the battery stack, effectively avoiding local stress concentration and improving the structural stability and reliability of the battery stack. The spacing adjuster achieves precise control of the spacing between the inner end plates through synchronously moving adjustment plates, thereby dynamically adjusting the overall compression force of the battery stack, ensuring that the battery cells operate at the optimal operating pressure and extending battery life.

[0018] By stacking battery frames fitted with battery cells between two inner end plates and utilizing a scissor-type structure mounted on the two inner end plates to dynamically adjust the pressure between adjacent battery frames, this effectively addresses the problem of battery performance degradation caused by localized stress concentration in existing hydrogen fuel cells. The scissor-type structure, through its telescopic properties, allows the force between adjacent battery frames to be adjusted at equal intervals along their thickness, thereby evenly distributing pressure between the battery frames and battery cells, avoiding localized stress concentration caused by uneven pressure distribution. This ensures that the battery cells maintain stable contact pressure and electrochemical reaction efficiency during operation.

[0019] The elastic connection between the regulating plate and the inner end plate in this application dynamically adjusts the pressure distribution of the inner end plate according to the expansion state of the battery cell, ensuring timely pressure release during the battery cell expansion process, avoiding performance degradation or structural damage caused by pressure accumulation. At the same time, the buffering effect of the elastic connection effectively alleviates the local stress concentration caused by the battery cell expansion process, improving the structural stability and reliability of the battery stack. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 This is a stereoscopic diagram of a high-power hydrogen fuel cell with a stack protection system according to the present invention at a first viewing angle.

[0021] Figure 2 It is a stereoscopic diagram of a high-power hydrogen fuel cell with a stack protection system according to the present invention from a second viewing angle.

[0022] Figure 3 It is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of a high-power hydrogen fuel cell with a stack protection system according to the present invention.

[0023] Figure 4 It is a cross-sectional view of a high-power hydrogen fuel cell with a stack protection system according to the present invention.

[0024] Figure 5 It is a front view of a high-power hydrogen fuel cell with a stack protection system according to the present invention.

[0025] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional diagram of a spacing regulator in a high-power hydrogen fuel cell with a stack protection system according to the present invention.

[0026] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional exploded view of a spacing regulator in a high-power hydrogen fuel cell with a stack protection system according to the present invention.

[0027] Figure 8 It is a three-dimensional diagram of a connecting sleeve and a pre-tightening elastic element in a high-power hydrogen fuel cell with a stack protection system according to the present invention.

[0028] Figure 9 It is a schematic diagram of a battery unit and a battery frame in a high-power hydrogen fuel cell with a stack protection system of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 10 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the scissor-type structure and battery frame in a high-power hydrogen fuel cell with a stack protection system of the present invention.

[0030] The numbers in the figure are: 1. inner end plate; 11. connecting sleeve; 111. limiting ring; 12. pre-tightening elastic element; 2. battery frame; 3. spacing adjuster; 31. adjusting plate; 311. driven block; 3111. oblique block; 32. driving plate; 33. driving block; 331. oblique groove; 4. battery unit; 5. scissor-type structure; 51. connecting pin; 52. driving pin; 53. positioning ring; 6. outer end plate; 61. positioning rod; 62. positioning seat; 63. light rod; 64. reset elastic element. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] In order to further understand the features, technical means, specific objectives and functions achieved by the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0032] like Figure 1-Figure 5As shown, a high-power hydrogen fuel cell with a stack protection system includes two inner end plates 1 and a battery frame 2 stacked between the two inner end plates 1 and a spacing adjuster 3 for adjusting the spacing between the two inner end plates 1. Battery cells 4 are arranged in the battery frame 2, and a scissors-type structure 5 is arranged between the two inner end plates 1. The scissors-type structure 5 has a connecting pin 51 that can move telescopically at equal intervals. The connecting pin 51 is connected to the battery frame 2. When the two inner end plates 1 approach or move away, the abutment force between adjacent battery frames 2 increases as the two inner end plates 1 approach and decreases as the two inner end plates 1 move away; the spacing adjuster 3 has two adjustment plates 31 respectively connected to the two inner end plates 1, and the two adjustment plates 31 can drive the inner end plates 1 connected thereto to move synchronously.

[0033] A high-power hydrogen fuel cell stack protection system comprises two parallel inner end plates 1 and a plurality of battery frames 2 stacked therebetween. Battery cells 4 are integrated within the battery frames 2, forming the core functional units of the stack. To optimize the mechanical stress distribution of the stack, a scissor-type structure 5 is provided between the two inner end plates 1. This structure is composed of a plurality of hinged connecting rods and is mechanically coupled to each battery frame 2 via a connecting pin 51. The scissor-type structure 5 has isometric telescopic motion characteristics, ensuring that the abutment force between each battery frame 2 is evenly distributed during the compression or release of the stack. A spacing adjuster 3 is connected to each of the two inner end plates 1 and is composed of two synchronously movable adjustment plates 31. The spacing between the inner end plates 1 is controlled by the displacement of the adjustment plates 31, thereby achieving precise adjustment of the overall compression force of the stack. When the inner end plates 1 approach, the scissor-type structure 5 contracts, increasing the abutment force between the battery frames 2; when the inner end plates 1 move away, the scissor-type structure 5 extends, and the abutment force decreases accordingly. After adopting the scissor-type structure 5, the standard deviation of the stack pressure distribution is greatly reduced compared with the existing adjustment method.

[0034] like Figure 5 and Figure 8 As shown, the adjustment plate 31 is elastically connected to its adjacent inner end plate 1. When the two adjustment plates 31 are moved away from each other, the pressure on the two inner end plates 1 toward the adjustment plate 31 side decreases. When the two adjustment plates 31 are moved closer to each other, the pressure on the two inner end plates 1 toward the adjustment plate 31 side increases.

[0035] The adjustment plate 31 and its adjacent inner end plate 1 are coupled via an elastic connection mechanism, which is made of a highly elastic material or a spring assembly and can provide a buffering effect when the battery cell 4 undergoes thermal or chemical expansion. When the two adjustment plates 31 move away from each other, the elastic connection mechanism releases its stored elastic potential energy, causing the pressure on the two inner end plates 1 facing the adjustment plate 31 to gradually decrease; when the two adjustment plates 31 move closer, the elastic connection mechanism is compressed, and its elastic potential energy increases, resulting in a corresponding increase in the pressure on the two inner end plates 1 facing the adjustment plate 31. This design achieves adaptive pressure regulation during the expansion of the battery cell 4 through the dynamic response characteristics of the elastic connection mechanism, avoiding the pressure accumulation and stress concentration problems caused by rigid connections.

[0036] like Figure 6 As shown, it also includes two outer end plates 6, the inner end plate 1 and the battery frame 2 are located between the two outer end plates 6, and a positioning rod 61 is provided between the two outer end plates 6 to laterally connect the two outer end plates 6. The positioning rod 61 passes through the inner end plate 1 and the battery frame 2 and slides with them.

[0037] The hydrogen fuel cell stack protection system also includes two outer end plates 6 arranged in parallel, and the inner end plate 1 and the battery frame 2 are arranged between the two outer end plates 6, forming the main structure of the stack. The two outer end plates 6 are mechanically fixed by a transversely connected positioning rod 61. The positioning rod 61 passes through the inner end plate 1 and the battery frame 2 and forms a sliding fit relationship with the two. This sliding fit design allows the inner end plate 1 and the battery frame 2 to slide freely along the axial direction of the positioning rod 61 during the thermal expansion or contraction caused by temperature changes, thereby effectively avoiding the compression deformation (collapse) and lateral bending deformation (deflection) problems caused by temperature gradients. The rigid connection of the positioning rod 61 ensures the structural stability between the outer end plates 6, and the sliding fit mechanism provides the necessary degrees of freedom for the inner end plate 1 and the battery frame 2 to adapt to dimensional changes caused by temperature changes.

[0038] The sliding fit design of the positioning rod 61 with the inner end plate 1 and the battery frame 2 allows it to slide freely in the axial direction during temperature changes, avoiding compression deformation caused by thermal expansion or contraction, and ensuring the structural integrity of the battery stack.

[0039] like Figure 8 As shown, the inner end plate 1 is provided with a connecting sleeve 11 extending along its thickness direction. The connecting sleeve 11 passes through the adjustment plate 31 and slides with it. A limiting ring 111 is provided at one end of the connecting sleeve 11 close to the adjustment plate 31. The connecting sleeve 11 is also provided with a pre-tightening elastic element 12 located between the adjustment plate 31 and the inner end plate 1.

[0040] The inner end plate 1 is provided with a connecting sleeve 11 extending in the thickness direction thereof, and the connecting sleeve 11 passes through the adjustment plate 31 and forms a sliding fit with the adjustment plate 31. A limit ring 111 is provided at one end of the connecting sleeve 11 close to the adjustment plate 31, which is used to limit the maximum distance between the adjustment plate 31 and the inner end plate 1. A pre-tightening elastic element 12 is also provided on the connecting sleeve 11. The pre-tightening elastic element 12 is located between the adjustment plate 31 and the inner end plate 1, and its elastic force can be dynamically adjusted by changing the distance between the adjustment plate 31 and the inner end plate 1. When the distance between the two adjustment plates 31 changes, the distance between the adjustment plate 31 and the inner end plate 1 changes accordingly, thereby compressing or releasing the pre-tightening elastic element 12, thereby achieving precise adjustment of the elastic force of the pre-tightening elastic element 12. Through this mechanism, the pressure between adjacent battery frames 2 can be dynamically adjusted to ensure the uniformity and stability of the pressure distribution of the battery stack during operation.

[0041] By adjusting the change in the distance between the plate 31 and the inner end plate 1, the elastic force of the preload elastic element 12 is dynamically adjusted to achieve precise control of the pressure between adjacent battery frames 2, ensuring uniform pressure distribution of the battery stack during operation.

[0042] The elastic force adjustment mechanism of the pre-tightening elastic element 12 effectively avoids performance degradation or structural damage of the battery unit 4 due to pressure concentration, thereby improving the reliability and service life of the battery stack.

[0043] The dynamic adjustment capability of the preload elastic element 12 enables it to adapt to the thermal expansion or contraction of the battery cell 4 during temperature changes, thereby reducing the risk of structural deformation caused by thermal stress.

[0044] like Figure 5 As shown, the connecting sleeve 11 is sleeved on the positioning rod 61 and slidably engaged therewith.

[0045] The connecting sleeve 11 is sleeved on the positioning rod 61 and forms a sliding fit with the positioning rod 61. This sliding fit design enables the connecting sleeve 11 to slide freely along the axial direction of the positioning rod 61, while ensuring that a stable guiding structure is formed between the connecting sleeve 11 and the positioning rod 61. Through this guiding structure, the connecting sleeve 11 always maintains precise alignment with the positioning rod 61 during the sliding process, avoiding mechanical interference or stress concentration caused by offset or tilt. In addition, the sliding fit mechanism provides the connecting sleeve 11 with the necessary degrees of freedom, enabling it to adapt to dimensional changes of the fuel cell stack under temperature changes or mechanical loads, while ensuring the stability and reliability of the overall structure.

[0046] like Figure 6 and Figure 7As shown, the spacing adjuster 3 also includes a driving plate 32 that can move vertically on the battery frame 2 and a driving block 33 that is linked with the driving plate 32 and is located on the outside of the adjustment plate 31. A driven block 311 is provided on the side of the adjustment plate 31 facing the driving block 33. The driven block 311 and the driving block 33 are slidably matched and the sliding contact surface is inclined. When the driving block 33 moves downward, the driven block 311 drives the adjustment plate 31 away from the inner end plate 1.

[0047] The spacing adjuster 3 also includes a drive plate 32 capable of moving vertically on the battery frame 2, and a drive block 33 that is linked to the drive plate 32 and located on the outside of the adjustment plate 31. A follower block 311 is provided on the side of the adjustment plate 31 facing the drive block 33. A sliding fit is formed between the follower block 311 and the drive block 33 via an inclined sliding contact surface. When the drive block 33 moves vertically driven by the drive plate 32, the inclined sliding contact surface converts the vertical movement of the drive block 33 into lateral movement of the follower block 311, thereby driving the adjustment plate 31 away from or closer to the inner end plate 1. An electric push rod or oil cylinder for driving the drive plate 32 is also provided on the outside of the drive plate 32. When the battery frame 2 needs to be adjusted, the electric push rod or oil cylinder is activated to move the drive plate 32 relative to the battery frame 2, thereby achieving dynamic adjustment of the pressure between adjacent battery cells 4 through the linkage mechanism of the drive block 33 and the follower block 311.

[0048] Through the linkage mechanism of the driving plate 32, the driving block 33 and the driven block 311, the vertical movement of the driving block 33 can be converted into the lateral movement of the driven block 311, thereby dynamically adjusting the pressure between adjacent battery cells 4 to ensure the uniformity and stability of the pressure distribution.

[0049] like Figure 6 As shown, a positioning seat 62 is provided at the top of the outer end plate 6, and a light rod 63 is provided on the positioning seat 62 for sliding cooperation in the vertical direction. The top end of the light rod 63 is fixedly connected to the end of the driving plate 32, and the bottom end of the light rod 63 is fixedly connected to the driving block 33.

[0050] The top end of the outer end plate 6 is provided with a positioning seat 62, and a light rod 63 that slides in the vertical direction is installed on the positioning seat 62. The top end of the light rod 63 and the end of the drive plate 32 are fixedly connected to form a rigid linkage structure, and the bottom end of the light rod 63 and the drive block 33 are fixedly connected to form a rigid linkage structure. Through the transmission action of the light rod 63, the vertical movement of the drive plate 32 can be accurately transmitted to the drive block 33, ensuring the synchronization of movement between the drive block 33 and the drive plate 32. The design of the positioning seat 62 provides a stable guiding structure for the light rod 63, ensuring that the light rod 63 always maintains precise vertical alignment during the sliding process, avoiding mechanical interference or stress concentration caused by offset or tilt. This structure realizes efficient transmission and stable guidance between the drive plate 32 and the drive block 33, and provides reliable technical support for the pressure regulation of the battery stack.

[0051] The rigid connection design of the optical rod 63 ensures that the vertical movement of the drive plate 32 can be accurately transmitted to the drive block 33, achieving efficient motion transmission between the drive plate 32 and the drive block 33, and improving the response speed and accuracy of pressure regulation.

[0052] like Figure 6 As shown, a reset elastic element 64 is sleeved on the polished rod 63, and the elastic reset element is located between the positioning seat 62 and the driving seat.

[0053] The optical rod 63 is provided with a reset elastic element 64, which is located between the positioning seat 62 and the drive seat. The reset elastic element 64 provides elastic support during the sliding process of the optical rod 63, and can effectively absorb the vibration and impact generated by the drive plate 32 during the movement, thereby improving the stability of the drive plate 32 in the vertical movement. At the same time, after the drive plate 32 completes the movement, the reset elastic element 64 resets the drive plate 32 to the initial position through its elastic restoring force, ensuring that the drive plate 32 maintains a consistent starting state during multiple movement cycles. This design not only enhances the smoothness and reliability of the movement of the drive plate 32, but also provides a precise reset function for the pressure regulation of the fuel cell stack, further improving the overall performance of the system.

[0054] The resetting elastic element 64 provides elastic support during the sliding of the polished rod 63 , effectively absorbing the vibration and impact generated during the movement of the driving plate 32 , and significantly improving the stability of the driving plate 32 during vertical movement.

[0055] like Figure 7 As shown, an oblique groove 331 is provided on one end of the driving block 33 facing the adjustment plate 31 , and an oblique block 3111 is provided on the side of the driven block 311 facing away from the adjustment plate 31 , and the oblique groove 331 and the oblique block 3111 are slidably engaged.

[0056] The end of the driver block 33 facing the adjustment plate 31 is provided with an inclined slot 331, and the side of the driven block 311 facing away from the adjustment plate 31 is provided with an inclined block 3111. The inclined slot 331 and the inclined block 3111 form a sliding fit through an inclined sliding contact surface. When the driver block 33 moves vertically under the drive plate 32, the inclined sliding contact surface between the inclined slot 331 and the inclined block 3111 converts the vertical motion of the driver block 33 into lateral motion of the driven block 311, thereby driving the adjustment plate 31 horizontally away from or toward the inner end plate 1. This design, through the cooperation of the inclined slot 331 and the inclined block 3111, achieves motion conversion between the driver block 33 and the driven block 311, ensuring precise horizontal displacement of the adjustment plate 31, thereby achieving dynamic adjustment of the pressure between adjacent battery cells 4.

[0057] The inclined sliding contact surface design of the inclined groove 331 and the inclined block 3111 efficiently converts the vertical movement of the driving block 33 into the lateral movement of the driven block 311, realizes the precise motion conversion between the driving block 33 and the driven block 311, and improves the response speed and accuracy of pressure regulation.

[0058] The coordinated design of the inclined slot 331 and the inclined block 3111 enhances the mechanical stability between the driving block 33 and the driven block 311 , ensuring the overall structural rigidity and reliability of the fuel cell stack during operation.

[0059] like Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, the position of the battery frame 2 at the center is fixed, and both ends of the scissor-type structure 5 have driving pins 52 that are rotatably connected to the inner end plate 1.

[0060] Guide seats are provided on both sides of the battery frame 2, and the positioning rod 61 passes through the guide seats and slides with them. The guide seat on the battery frame 2 located at the center position is fixedly connected to the positioning rod 61, that is, a positioning ring 53 is provided on the positioning rod 61, and the positioning ring 53 is located on both sides of the guide seat to ensure that the position of the battery frame 2 at the center position is fixed when the scissors-type structure 5 is extended and retracted, so that the battery frames 2 on both sides of the battery frame 2 at the center position can move evenly to both sides.

[0061] The battery frame 2 at the center is locked in position by a fixed connection, and the two ends of the scissor-type structure 5 are rotationally connected to the inner end plate 1 through the drive pin 52. Guide seats are symmetrically provided on both sides of the battery frame 2, and the positioning rod 61 passes through the guide seat and forms a sliding fit with the guide seat. The guide seat and the positioning rod 61 on the battery frame 2 at the center are rigidly constrained by a fixed connection, and a positioning ring 53 is provided on the positioning rod 61. The positioning ring 53 is respectively located on both sides of the guide seat to limit the axial displacement of the guide seat on the positioning rod 61. This design ensures that the battery frame 2 at the center position always remains fixed during the extension and retraction process of the scissor-type structure 5, and at the same time enables the battery frames 2 on both sides of the battery frame 2 at the center position to move evenly to both sides along the positioning rod 61, thereby achieving the overall structural stability of the battery stack and the uniformity of pressure distribution.

[0062] Through the design of the fixed connection and the positioning ring 53, the battery frame 2 at the center position always remains fixed during the extension and contraction process of the scissor-type structure 5, avoiding structural instability caused by the deviation of the center position.

[0063] The sliding fit design between the positioning rod 61 and the guide seat ensures that the battery frames 2 on both sides of the battery frame 2 at the center position can move evenly to both sides along the positioning rod 61, thereby achieving symmetry of the battery stack structure and uniformity of pressure distribution.

[0064] The fixed design of the battery frame 2 at the center position enhances the overall structural stability of the battery stack and reduces mechanical interference or stress concentration caused by structural deformation or offset.

[0065] The above embodiments merely represent one or more embodiments of the present invention, and their descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. It should be noted that a person of ordinary skill in the art may make various modifications and improvements without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and such modifications and improvements fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention shall be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. A high-power hydrogen fuel cell with a stack protection system, characterized in that: The battery pack includes two inner end plates, a battery frame stacked between the two inner end plates, and a spacing adjuster for adjusting the spacing between the two inner end plates. Battery cells are arranged in the battery frame. A scissor-type structure is provided between the two inner end plates. The scissor-type structure has a connecting pin capable of equidistant telescopic movement. The connecting pin is connected to the battery frame. When the two inner end plates approach or move away, the abutment force between adjacent battery frames increases as the two inner end plates approach and decreases as the two inner end plates move away. The spacing adjuster has two adjustment plates respectively connected to the two inner end plates. The two adjustment plates can drive the inner end plates connected thereto to move synchronously. The adjustment plate and its adjacent inner end plate are coupled via an elastic connection mechanism. When the two adjustment plates are moved away from each other, the pressure on the two inner end plates facing the adjustment plates decreases. When the two adjustment plates are moved closer together, the pressure on the two inner end plates facing the adjustment plates increases. Adaptive regulation of pressure during battery cell expansion is achieved through the dynamic response characteristics of the elastic connection mechanism; It also includes two outer end plates, the inner end plate and the battery frame are located between the two outer end plates, and a positioning rod is provided between the two outer end plates to laterally connect the two outer end plates, and the positioning rod passes through the inner end plate and the battery frame and is slidably engaged therewith; The sliding fit design allows the inner end plate and the battery frame to slide freely along the axial direction of the positioning rod during thermal expansion or contraction caused by temperature changes. The sliding fit mechanism provides the necessary freedom for the inner end plate and the battery frame to adapt to dimensional changes caused by temperature changes. The battery frame at the center is fixed, and both ends of the scissor-type structure have drive pins that are rotatably connected to the inner end plates; Guide seats are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the battery frame, and the positioning rod passes through the guide seats and slides with them. The guide seat on the battery frame located at the center position is fixedly connected to the positioning rod, and a positioning ring is provided on the positioning rod. The positioning ring is located on both sides of the guide seat to ensure that the position of the battery frame at the center position is fixed when the scissors-type structure is extended or retracted, so that the battery frames on both sides of the battery frame at the center position can move evenly to both sides.

2. A high-power hydrogen fuel cell with a stack protection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A connecting sleeve extending along the thickness direction is provided on the inner end plate. The connecting sleeve passes through the adjustment plate and slides with it. A limiting ring is provided on one end of the connecting sleeve close to the adjustment plate. The connecting sleeve is also provided with a pre-tightening elastic element located between the adjustment plate and the inner end plate.

3. A high-power hydrogen fuel cell with a stack protection system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The connecting sleeve is sleeved on the positioning rod and slidably matched with the positioning rod.

4. A high-power hydrogen fuel cell with a stack protection system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The spacing adjuster also includes a driving plate that can move vertically on the battery frame and a driving block that is linked to the driving plate and located on the outside of the adjustment plate. A driven block is provided on the side of the adjustment plate facing the driving block. The driven block and the driving block are slidably matched and the sliding contact surface is inclined. When the driving block moves downward, the driven block drives the adjustment plate away from the inner end plate.

5. A high-power hydrogen fuel cell with a stack protection system according to claim 4, characterized in that: A positioning seat is provided at the top of the outer end plate, and a polished rod is provided on the positioning seat for sliding cooperation in the vertical direction. The top of the polished rod is fixedly connected to the end of the driving plate, and the bottom of the polished rod is fixedly connected to the driving block.

6. A high-power hydrogen fuel cell with a stack protection system according to claim 5, characterized in that: A reset elastic element is sleeved on the polished rod, and the elastic reset element is located between the positioning seat and the driving seat.

7. A high-power hydrogen fuel cell with a stack protection system according to claim 4, characterized in that: An oblique groove is provided on one end of the driving block facing the adjusting plate, and an oblique block is provided on one side of the driven block facing away from the adjusting plate, wherein the oblique groove is in sliding cooperation with the oblique block.

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