Dual-beam antenna based on metasurface

Abstract

A metasurface-based dual-beam antenna disclosed by the present invention comprises a microstrip patch antenna and a metasurface, the microstrip patch antenna comprises a lower-layer dielectric substrate, the metasurface comprises an upper-layer dielectric substrate arranged above the lower-layer dielectric substrate, and the upper surface and the lower surface of the upper-layer dielectric substrate are respectively provided with a plurality of metasurface units. The metasurface unit is of a circular ring structure with an opening, and a circular patch is arranged in the center of the circular ring. According to the antenna, through an ingenious metasurface unit arrangement mode, efficient formation of double beams in the 5.35 GHz frequency band is achieved, the opening direction is accurately controlled to be-32 degrees and 34 degrees, compared with a metasurface structure, the bandwidth of the antenna is improved to 140 MHz from 130 MHz, the gain is improved to 7.68 dBi from 7.4 dBi, the performance is obviously improved, meanwhile, the characteristics of low profile and small size of the antenna are kept, and the antenna can be widely applied to the field of antenna devices. And the integration feasibility in miniaturized communication equipment is greatly enhanced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of antenna technology, and in particular to a dual-beam antenna based on a metasurface. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of wireless communication technology, dual-beam antennas are playing an increasingly important role in the fields of electronic warfare multi-target sorting and radar multi-target tracking. Traditional antennas often face problems such as high profile, large size, and high complexity when realizing dual beams. In recent years, the introduction of metasurfaces has brought a new way of thinking to antenna technology. Metasurfaces are composed of metal patches and dielectric substrates of various shapes. Their size is much smaller than the wavelength of electromagnetic waves, and they can achieve flexible control of incident electromagnetic waves, such as deflection, focusing, and reducing radar scattering cross-section. These characteristics make metasurface antennas have significant advantages in miniaturization, low profile, and high gain. However, how to effectively combine metasurfaces with antennas to achieve dual-beam functions while reducing costs and increasing gain is an urgent problem to be solved in the current field of antenna technology.

[0003] Therefore, the present invention provides a new solution to solve this problem. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above situation, in order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a dual-beam antenna based on a metasurface.

[0005] The technical solution is: a dual-beam antenna based on a metasurface, including a microstrip patch antenna and a metasurface, the microstrip patch antenna including a lower dielectric substrate, the upper surface of the lower dielectric substrate is provided with a metal patch, the lower surface of the lower dielectric substrate is provided with a ground plate, the bottom of the ground plate is provided with a feeding port, the feeding port is connected to the metal patch by sequentially penetrating the ground plate and the lower dielectric substrate through a metal column, the metasurface includes an upper dielectric substrate arranged above the lower dielectric substrate, and a plurality of metasurface units are respectively provided on the upper surface and the lower surface of the upper dielectric substrate.

[0006] Preferably, the metasurface unit is a circular ring structure with an opening, and a circular patch is arranged at the center of the circular ring.

[0007] Preferably, the metasurface units are arranged in a 5*5 array on the surface of the upper dielectric substrate, and the first row of the array is composed of 4 metasurface units with openings upward and 1 metasurface unit with opening downward, and the second row, third row, fourth row and fifth row of the array are each composed of 5 metasurface units with openings upward.

[0008] Preferably, the size of the upper dielectric substrate and the lower dielectric substrate are both 60 mm*60 mm*2 mm, and the dielectric constant is 2.2, and the loss tangent value is 0.0009.

[0009] Preferably, the distance between the upper dielectric substrate and the lower dielectric substrate is 2.1 mm.

[0010] Preferably, the size of the metal patch is 18.2 mm*23.1 mm.

[0011] Through the above technical solutions, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the dual-beam antenna based on the metasurface of the present application realizes the efficient formation of dual beams in the 5.35GHz frequency band through the clever arrangement of the metasurface units, and its opening direction is precisely controlled at -32° and 34°, which provides flexible beam pointing capabilities for complex application scenarios such as multi-target tracking and electronic warfare. Secondly, compared with the case without the addition of the metasurface structure, the bandwidth of the antenna is increased from 130MHz to 140MHz, and the gain is increased from 7.4dBi to 7.68dBi, with significant performance improvements. At the same time, the antenna has a low profile and small size, which greatly enhances its integration feasibility in miniaturized communication equipment. In addition, the design makes full use of the electromagnetic control advantages of the metasurface, realizes the reconstruction and optimization of the beam at a lower cost, reduces the dependence on complex mechanical structures or electronic equipment in the design of traditional high-gain antennas, and provides an innovative and practical solution for the development of modern communication technology, with broad application prospects and market value. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the dual-beam antenna based on the metasurface of the present invention;

[0013] Figure 2 is a top view of a dual-beam antenna based on a metasurface of the present invention;

[0014] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 AA direction cross-sectional view;

[0015] Figure 4 This is the S parameter simulation diagram when the metasurface structure is not loaded;

[0016] Figure 5 is the two-dimensional radiation pattern when the metasurface structure is not loaded;

[0017] Figure 6 It is the transmission phase S parameter simulation diagram of the metasurface unit;

[0018] Figure 7 It is the transmission amplitude S parameter simulation diagram of the metasurface unit;

[0019] Figure 8 It is an S parameter simulation diagram of the present invention based on the metasurface dual-beam antenna;

[0020] Fig. 9 It is a two-dimensional directional radiation pattern of the metasurface dual-beam antenna based on the present invention.

[0021] Figure numerals: 1-lower dielectric substrate, 2-metal patch, 3-ground plate, 4-feeding port, 5-metal column, 6-upper dielectric substrate, 7-metasurface unit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The above and other technical contents, features and effects of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the attached Figure 1 To Attachment Fig. 9 The detailed description of the embodiments will clearly show that the structural contents mentioned in the following embodiments are all based on the drawings in the specification.

[0023] Exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0024] like Figure 1 and 3 As shown, a dual-beam antenna based on a metasurface includes a microstrip patch antenna and a metasurface, wherein the microstrip patch antenna includes a lower dielectric substrate 1, a metal patch 2 is arranged on the upper surface of the lower dielectric substrate 1, a ground plate 3 is arranged on the lower surface of the lower dielectric substrate 1, a feeding port 4 is arranged at the bottom of the ground plate, and the feeding port 4 is connected to the metal patch 2 by penetrating the ground plate 3 and the lower dielectric substrate 1 in sequence through a metal column 5.

[0025] The metasurface comprises an upper dielectric substrate 6 arranged above a lower dielectric substrate 1 , and a plurality of metasurface units 7 are respectively arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of the upper dielectric substrate 6 .

[0026] In specific implementation, Figure 2 As shown, the metasurface unit 7 is a circular ring structure with an opening, and a circular patch is arranged at the center of the ring. This structural design enables the metasurface unit to effectively control the phase of the electromagnetic wave, thereby realizing the beam splitting function.

[0027] like Figure 2 As shown in the figure, the metasurface units are arranged in a 5*5 array on the surface of the upper dielectric substrate, and the first row of the array is composed of 4 metasurface units with openings facing upward and 1 metasurface unit with openings facing downward, and the second, third, fourth and fifth rows of the array are composed of 5 metasurface units with openings facing upward. This specific arrangement can produce a phase difference in a specific direction, thereby realizing the formation of dual beams.

[0028] The size of the upper dielectric substrate and the lower dielectric substrate are both 60mm*60mm*2mm, with a dielectric constant of 2.2 and a loss tangent of 0.0009. These parameters are selected to ensure that the antenna has good electromagnetic performance within the working frequency band while taking into account the miniaturization requirements of the antenna.

[0029] The distance between the upper dielectric substrate and the lower dielectric substrate is 2.1 mm, which not only ensures the electromagnetic coupling effect between the metasurface and the microstrip patch antenna, but also avoids excessive space occupation, which is beneficial to the overall integration of the antenna.

[0030] The size of the metal patch is 18.2mm*23.1mm. As the main component for the antenna to radiate outward, the size of the metal patch is optimized based on the working frequency band and gain requirements to achieve the best performance of the antenna.

[0031] In a specific embodiment, the dual-beam antenna designed in the present application is a metasurface antenna operating in the 5.35 GHz frequency band. Figure 4-5 The figure shows the simulation results when the metasurface structure is not loaded, that is, the S parameters obtained by solving the frequency of 5.35GHz. At 5.35GHz, the return loss is -17dB, the bandwidth is 130MHz, and the three-dimensional radiation pattern gain is 7.4dBi. Figure 5 shown.

[0032] The super surface unit structure designed in this application is as follows Figure 2 As shown, the period is 12mm, the operating frequency is 5.35GHz, and the simulation results of the metasurface unit are as follows Figure 6-7 As shown, the transmission phase is -55° and the transmission amplitude value is 0.77.

[0033] It should be noted that the metasurface of the present application is composed of metasurface units according to Figure 2 The arrangement is shown in the figure, where one of the metasurface units in the first row is opened downward and the other four are opened upward; the metasurface units in the second to fifth rows are all opened upward. This unique arrangement is the result of careful design and multiple simulation optimizations, and its purpose is to produce the required phase difference in a specific direction, thereby achieving dual-beam formation.

[0034] Specifically, the metasurface units with openings facing downward and those with openings facing upward will produce different phase responses during the propagation of electromagnetic waves. When electromagnetic waves pass through these metasurface units with different opening directions, different phase delays will be introduced in different directions. In the first row, the metasurface units with openings facing downward interact with other metasurface units with openings facing upward to produce a specific phase difference, which causes the electromagnetic waves to deflect during propagation to form a beam. The metasurface units in the second to fifth rows mainly play a role in enhancing the main beam and controlling the sidelobe level, further optimizing the shape and performance of the beam.

[0035] Through this ingenious metasurface unit arrangement design, the dual-beam antenna of the present application can realize two beams with specific opening directions at the operating frequency band of 5.35 GHz. Figure 8-9 The final simulation results shown in the figure show that when the solution frequency is 5.35GHz, the operating frequency bandwidth is increased to 140MHz, the antenna gain is increased to 7.68dBi, and dual beams with opening directions of -32° and 34° are successfully formed. This result fully proves the significant improvement in the performance of the dual-beam antenna designed in this application, which not only meets the needs of modern communications for high-gain, wide-bandwidth antennas, but also realizes flexible beam control, providing strong technical support for application scenarios such as multi-target tracking and electronic warfare.

[0036] The above is a further detailed description of the present invention in combination with a specific implementation method, and it cannot be determined that the specific implementation of the present invention is limited to this; for technical personnel in the technical field to which the present invention belongs and related technical fields, based on the technical solution of the present invention, the expansion and replacement of operating methods and data should all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dual-beam antenna based on a metasurface, comprising a microstrip patch antenna and a metasurface, wherein the microstrip patch antenna comprises a lower dielectric substrate, a metal patch is arranged on the upper surface of the lower dielectric substrate, a ground plate is arranged on the lower surface of the lower dielectric substrate, a feeding port is arranged at the bottom of the ground plate, and the feeding port is connected to the metal patch by sequentially penetrating the ground plate and the lower dielectric substrate through a metal column, characterized in that: The metasurface comprises an upper dielectric substrate arranged above the lower dielectric substrate, and a plurality of metasurface units are respectively arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of the upper dielectric substrate.

2. A dual-beam antenna based on a metasurface according to claim 1, characterized in that: The metasurface unit is a circular ring structure with an opening, and a circular patch is arranged at the center of the circular ring.

3. A dual-beam antenna based on a metasurface according to claim 2, characterized in that: The metasurface units are arranged in a 5*5 array on the surface of the upper dielectric substrate, and the first row of the array is composed of 4 metasurface units with openings upward and 1 metasurface unit with opening downward, and the second, third, fourth and fifth rows of the array are each composed of 5 metasurface units with openings upward.

4. The dual-beam antenna based on a metasurface according to claim 3, characterized in that: The size of the upper dielectric substrate and the lower dielectric substrate are both 60mm*60mm*2mm, and the dielectric constant is 2.2, and the loss tangent value is 0.0009.

5. A dual-beam antenna based on a metasurface according to claim 4, characterized in that: The distance between the upper dielectric substrate and the lower dielectric substrate is 2.1 mm.

6. The dual-beam antenna based on a metasurface according to claim 5, characterized in that: The size of the metal patch is 18.2mm*23.1mm.

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