Internet of Things communication method and system based on serial port screen

Abstract

The invention discloses an Internet of Things communication method and system based on a serial port screen, which are applied to preventive maintenance of gas discharge tube detection equipment. According to the method, data are collected through gas discharge tube detection equipment and packaged into data frames, and the data frames are sent to a serial port screen through a serial port. And the serial port screen analyzes the data frame, locally and visually displays the detection data, and is connected with the Internet of Things server through WiFi to establish TCP communication. And the detection data is packaged into a TCP data packet to be uploaded to the Internet of Things server, and meanwhile, a remote instruction is received and issued to the detection equipment. And the Internet of Things server stores, processes and visually displays the data to realize remote monitoring and control. A data frame adopts a uniform format containing fields such as a frame header and a device ID, so that accurate transmission of data is ensured. Communication between gas discharge tube detection equipment is simplified, system complexity and cost are reduced, local operation and remote monitoring are facilitated, system expansibility and flexibility are improved, and preventive maintenance of the gas discharge tube equipment is effectively supported.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of Internet of Things, and in particular to an Internet of Things communication method based on a serial port screen, which is applied to preventive maintenance of gas discharge tube detection equipment. Background Art

[0002] In the application scenarios of the Internet of Things, efficient Internet of Things and data transmission between devices are crucial, especially in the preventive maintenance of gas discharge tube detection equipment, where real-time monitoring and data analysis can effectively prevent safety accidents. At present, there are many problems with common device connection methods. For example, some network-based connection methods, such as WiFi and Bluetooth, can achieve data transmission, but for resource-constrained gas discharge tube detection equipment, their power consumption is high, the cost is high, and the stability is poor in some environments with poor network signals. Although traditional serial port communication is simple and reliable, it lacks in the convenience of multi-device Internet of Things and data interaction, especially the lack of an intuitive user interaction interface, which is not conducive to real-time monitoring and operation by on-site personnel. As a device with display and serial port communication functions, the serial port screen can effectively solve some of the above problems if it can be used reasonably. However, there is currently no mature and complete solution for realizing efficient Internet of Things and data transmission of gas discharge tube detection equipment based on the serial port screen.

[0003] Therefore, for gas discharge tube detection equipment, how to provide a low-power, low-cost, high-stability, and easy-to-interact IoT solution to achieve stable and efficient data transmission and convenient user interaction between devices is a technical problem that needs to be urgently solved in this field.

[0004] It should be noted that the information disclosed in the above background technology section is only used to enhance the understanding of the background of the present application, and therefore may include information that does not constitute prior art known to ordinary technicians in the field. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the IoT mode of gas discharge tube detection equipment in the prior art in terms of resource utilization, cost, stability and user interaction, the present invention aims to provide an IoT communication method and system based on a serial port screen to achieve stable and efficient data transmission and convenient user interaction of gas discharge tube detection equipment.

[0006] One aspect of an embodiment of the present application provides an Internet of Things communication method based on a serial port screen, which is applied to preventive maintenance of a gas discharge tube detection device, comprising the following steps: The gas discharge tube detection equipment collects the detection data of the gas discharge tube through the sensor, encapsulates the detection data into a data frame, and sends it to the serial port screen through serial port communication; The serial port screen receives data frames from the gas discharge tube detection equipment, parses the data frames to extract the detection data, and visualizes the detection data on the local display interface; The serial port screen is connected to the IoT server through a wireless network and establishes a TCP connection; the data frame received from the gas discharge tube detection device or the processed detection data is encapsulated into a data packet that complies with the TCP protocol, and sent to the IoT server through the TCP connection; the control instruction data packet from the IoT server is correspondingly received, the control instruction data packet is parsed to extract the control instruction, and the control instruction is sent to the gas discharge tube detection device through the serial port; The IoT server receives and parses data packets from the serial port screen to extract detection data, stores and processes the detection data, and visualizes the detection data on the remote monitoring interface, and sends control command data packets to the serial port screen to achieve remote control; The data frame includes a frame header, a device ID, a data length, a data content, a checksum, and a frame tail field.

[0007] In some optional embodiments, the serial port screen receives data frames from the gas discharge tube detection device, parses the data frames to extract detection data, and visually displays the detection data on the local display interface, specifically including the following steps: The serial port screen receives the data frame and detects the frame header in the data frame to confirm the start of the data frame; After detecting the frame header, read the device ID field in the data frame to determine the source device or destination device of the data; After determining the data source or destination device according to the device ID, read the data length field in the data frame to obtain the length information of the data content; According to the data length information, read the data content field in the data frame according to the data length field; Calculate the checksum of the read data content field, and compare the calculated checksum with the checksum field contained in the data frame to determine whether the data transmission is correct; If the checksum is consistent, continue to detect the end of the data frame to confirm the integrity of the data frame, complete the reception and analysis of a frame of data, and extract the test data; If the checksum comparison is inconsistent, the current data frame is discarded and a retransmission request is sent to the gas discharge tube detection device.

[0008] In some optional embodiments, the steps of receiving a data frame from a gas discharge tube detection device by a serial port screen, parsing the data frame to extract detection data, and visually displaying the detection data on a local display interface further include: Filtering the received gas discharge tube detection data to eliminate noise interference; Perform abnormal detection on the detection data of the gas discharge tube based on the preset threshold value, and issue an alarm prompt on the local display interface; Store historical gas discharge tube detection data and provide local data query function; Respond to the user's operation instructions on the local interface of the serial port screen, and send the operation instructions to the gas discharge tube detection equipment through the serial port.

[0009] In some optional embodiments, the step of connecting the serial port screen to the Internet of Things server via a wireless network further includes: When the wireless network connection is interrupted or the TCP connection is disconnected, the serial port screen periodically sends connection request data packets to the IoT server until the TCP connection with the IoT server is reestablished; During data transmission, the serial port screen and IoT server use data retransmission mechanism and cyclic redundancy check algorithm for error checking.

[0010] In some optional embodiments, the step of storing and processing the detection data by the IoT server further includes: The received gas discharge tube detection data is stored in the cloud time series database, and a data table containing device ID, timestamp and detection parameters is established; The detection data of gas discharge tubes are analyzed and mined using algorithms based on statistical analysis or machine learning.

[0011] In some optional embodiments, the method further includes the step of device address management: Assign a unique device ID to each gas discharge tube detection device connected to the master control device; The data frame sent by the gas discharge tube detection device to the serial port screen includes a device ID field that identifies the gas discharge tube detection device; After receiving the data frame, the serial port screen distinguishes the data from different gas discharge tube detection devices according to the device ID and performs classification processing; After receiving the data packet from the serial port screen, the IoT server identifies the data source according to the device ID contained in the data packet, and classifies and manages the data.

[0012] In some optional embodiments, the data content field of the data frame includes one or more detection parameters of the gas discharge tube, such as breakdown voltage, insulation resistance, response time, and number of discharges.

[0013] In some optional embodiments, the wireless network is a WiFi network, and the serial port communication is RS485 serial port communication.

[0014] In some optional embodiments, a remote firmware upgrade method is also included, comprising the following steps: Initiate a firmware upgrade request for the gas discharge tube detection device and / or the serial port screen through the user operation interface of the IoT server or the local serial port screen; The serial port screen or gas discharge tube detection equipment downloads new firmware data packets from the remote firmware server through a wireless network or serial port communication link; The serial port screen or gas discharge tube detection equipment performs integrity check on the downloaded firmware data package; If the firmware data verification passes, the serial port screen or gas discharge tube detection device writes the new firmware data into its own memory, overwriting the old version of the firmware, and completes the firmware update; After the firmware update is completed, the serial port screen or the gas discharge tube detection device sends a firmware upgrade result data frame to the IoT server or the local serial port screen to indicate whether the firmware upgrade is successful or failed.

[0015] Another aspect of the embodiment of the present application provides an Internet of Things communication system based on a serial port screen, which is applied to preventive maintenance of gas discharge tube detection equipment and is used to implement the above-mentioned Internet of Things communication method based on a serial port screen, including: Gas discharge tube detection equipment, used to collect detection data of gas discharge tubes, and encapsulate the detection data into data frames and send them through the serial port; The serial port screen is used to receive data frames from the gas discharge tube detection equipment, parse and locally display the detection data, and communicate with the IoT server through the wireless network to realize data forwarding and command interaction; The IoT server is used to receive detection data from the serial port screen, store, process and remotely monitor it, and send control instructions to the serial port screen.

[0016] It is to be understood that the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the present disclosure.

[0017] The present invention provides a method and system for communicating with the Internet of Things based on a serial port screen, which has the following beneficial effects: The gas discharge tube detection equipment of this application collects data through sensors, and needs to transmit the data to the Internet of Things server for storage, processing and analysis to achieve preventive maintenance. The serial port screen integrates serial port communication, display and control functions, communicates with the gas discharge tube detection equipment through the serial port, realizes local data collection and display, and uses the communication function of the serial port screen to establish a TCP connection with the Internet of Things server, uploads data to the Internet of Things server, and realizes remote monitoring and data analysis. This application can effectively reduce power consumption and cost, and provide convenient user interaction, thereby realizing stable and efficient transmission and remote monitoring of gas discharge tube detection equipment data, meeting the needs of preventive maintenance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Other features, objects and advantages of the present application will become more apparent by reading the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments made with reference to the following drawings.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of an Internet of Things communication method based on a serial port screen according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the Internet of Things communication method based on the serial port screen of an embodiment of the present application; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of data exchange between the gas discharge device and the serial port screen in the embodiment of the present application; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of data exchange between the gas discharge device and the Internet of Things server in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 5 It is a structural diagram of an Internet of Things communication system based on a serial port screen according to an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] Example embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, example embodiments can be implemented in a variety of forms and should not be construed as limited to the examples set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that the disclosure will be more comprehensive and complete and to fully convey the concepts of the example embodiments to those skilled in the art. The described features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments.

[0021] In addition, the accompanying drawings are only schematic illustrations of the present disclosure and are not necessarily drawn to scale. The same reference numerals in the figures represent the same or similar parts, and their repeated description will be omitted. Some of the block diagrams shown in the accompanying drawings are functional entities and do not necessarily correspond to physically or logically independent entities. These functional entities can be implemented in software form, or implemented in one or more hardware modules or integrated circuits, or implemented in different networks and / or processor devices and / or microcontroller devices.

[0022] The flowcharts shown in the accompanying drawings are only exemplary and do not necessarily include all the steps. For example, some steps may be decomposed, while some steps may be combined or partially combined. Therefore, the actual execution order may be changed according to the actual situation.

[0023] like Figure 1As shown, the present invention provides an IoT communication method based on a serial port screen, which is applied to the preventive maintenance of gas discharge tube detection equipment. The method realizes the collection, local display, remote transmission and issuance of control instructions of detection data through the collaborative work between the gas discharge tube detection equipment, the serial port screen and the IoT server, thereby solving the deficiencies of the IoT mode of gas discharge tube detection equipment in the prior art in terms of resource utilization, cost, stability and user interaction. It includes the following steps: S100, the gas discharge tube detection equipment collects the detection data of the gas discharge tube through the sensor, and encapsulates the detection data into a data frame, and sends it to the serial port screen through serial communication. Among them, the gas discharge tube detection equipment refers to an instrument used to detect various performance parameters of the gas discharge tube, and accurately collects the data of the gas discharge tube such as breakdown voltage, insulation resistance, response time, discharge times and other key data through the sensor. The sensor can be a voltage sensor, a resistance sensor, a time sensor, a counting sensor, etc., and is selected according to different detection parameters. Data frame encapsulation refers to packaging the collected raw data in a predetermined format to facilitate data transmission and analysis. The data frame format includes a frame header, a device ID, a data length, a data content, a checksum, and a frame tail field. Serial communication refers to the way of data transmission between the gas discharge tube detection equipment and the serial port screen, and RS485 serial communication can be selected. For example, an RS485 serial port with a baud rate of 9600bps can be selected. Collecting data through sensors and encapsulating the data into data frames can ensure the accuracy and integrity of the data, and sending data through serial communication can achieve stable connection and data transmission between devices.

[0024] S200, the serial port screen receives the data frame from the gas discharge tube detection device, parses the data frame to extract the detection data, and visually displays the detection data on the local display interface. The serial port screen is the interface for users to interact with the device, and its function is to receive, parse and display data. After receiving the data frame, the serial port screen first needs to parse it according to the predetermined format to extract the detection data. The parsing process includes the steps of frame header detection, device ID identification, data length reading, data content extraction, checksum verification, etc. After the extracted detection data is processed, it is visualized through the local display interface. The display content may include various parameters of the gas discharge tube, real-time curves, historical data, etc. Users can interact with the serial port screen through touch screen, buttons, etc. to query data, set parameters, etc.

[0025] S300, the serial port screen is connected to the Internet of Things server through a wireless network and establishes a TCP connection; the data frame received from the gas discharge tube detection device or the processed detection data is encapsulated into a data packet that complies with the TCP protocol, and sent to the Internet of Things server through a TCP connection, and the control instruction data packet from the Internet of Things server is correspondingly received, the control instruction data packet is parsed to extract the control instruction, and the control instruction is sent to the gas discharge tube detection device through the serial port. The Internet of Things server runs the TCP server program, listens to the designated port, receives the connection request and data from the serial port screen, and performs corresponding processing and response. It can be a computer used by scientific researchers for data analysis and equipment management; it can also be a server that stores a large amount of detection data for multi-user access and management. The serial port screen has a built-in WiFi module, through which wireless connection with the Internet of Things server is realized. The wireless network can use a WiFi network, for example, a WiFi network of the IEEE 802.11 b / g / n standard can be selected. TCP connection refers to a reliable network connection established between the serial port screen and the Internet of Things server, and data transmission is carried out through the TCP protocol. The serial port screen encapsulates the received data frame or processed detection data into a data packet that complies with the TCP protocol and sends it to the Internet of Things server through a TCP connection. At the same time, the serial port screen can also receive control command data packets from the IoT server, parse the control command data packets to extract control commands, and send the control commands to the gas discharge tube detection equipment through the serial port to realize remote control function.

[0026] S400, the IoT server receives and parses the data packets from the serial port screen to extract the detection data, stores and processes the detection data, and visually displays the detection data on the remote monitoring interface, and sends control command data packets to the serial port screen to achieve remote control. The IoT server is the core of the entire system and is responsible for data storage, processing and monitoring. After the IoT server receives the data packet from the serial port screen, it first needs to parse it according to the TCP protocol to extract the detection data. After the detection data is processed, it is stored in the database for subsequent query and analysis. The IoT server visualizes the various parameters of the gas discharge tube through the remote monitoring interface, and the user can understand the status of the device in real time. At the same time, the IoT server can also send control command data packets to the serial port screen to achieve remote control of the gas discharge tube detection equipment.

[0027] The above method steps are adopted, and a serial port screen is added between the gas discharge tube detection device and the Internet of Things server. The gas discharge tube detection device collects data through sensors, and the data needs to be transmitted to the Internet of Things server for storage, processing and analysis to achieve preventive maintenance. Commonly used wireless communication methods such as WiFi, Bluetooth, etc., although they can achieve data transmission, have the problems of high power consumption and high cost. Although traditional serial port communication has low power consumption and low cost, it lacks remote data transmission capabilities and user interaction interface. The serial port screen integrates serial port communication, display and control functions, communicates with the gas discharge tube detection device through the serial port, realizes local data collection and display, and uses the built-in wireless network module to establish a TCP connection with the Internet of Things server, uploads data to the Internet of Things server, and realizes remote monitoring and data analysis. This solution can effectively reduce power consumption and cost, and provide convenient user interaction, thereby realizing stable and efficient transmission and remote monitoring of gas discharge tube detection equipment data, meeting the needs of preventive maintenance.

[0028] In some embodiments, the serial port screen receives a data frame from a gas discharge tube detection device, parses the data frame to extract detection data, and visually displays the detection data on a local display interface, specifically including the following steps: The serial port screen receives the data frame and detects the frame header in the data frame to confirm the start of the data frame; After detecting the frame header, read the device ID field in the data frame to determine the source device or destination device of the data; After determining the data source or destination device according to the device ID, read the data length field in the data frame to obtain the length information of the data content; According to the data length information, read the data content field in the data frame according to the data length field; Calculate the checksum of the read data content field, and compare the calculated checksum with the checksum field contained in the data frame to determine whether the data transmission is correct; If the checksum is consistent, continue to detect the end of the data frame to confirm the integrity of the data frame, complete the reception and analysis of a frame of data, and extract the test data; If the checksum comparison is inconsistent, the current data frame is discarded and a retransmission request is sent to the gas discharge tube detection device.

[0029] Among them, frame header detection means that after the serial port screen receives the data, it first detects the starting position of the data frame to confirm the start of the data frame. The frame header can use a specific byte or byte sequence. For example, 0xAA can be selected as the frame header. Device ID identification means that the serial port screen determines the data source device or destination device according to the device ID field in the data frame. The device ID is a unique identifier assigned to each device to distinguish different devices. For example, a unique ID can be assigned to each gas discharge tube detection device. Data length reading means that the serial port screen reads the data length field in the data frame to obtain the length information of the data content. The data length field indicates the number of bytes contained in the data content field. For example, the data length field can occupy 2 bytes. Data content extraction means that the serial port screen reads the data content field in the data frame according to the data length field according to the data length information. The data content field contains various detection data of the gas discharge tube, such as breakdown voltage, insulation resistance, response time, number of discharges, etc. Checksum verification means that the serial port screen calculates the checksum of the read data content field, and compares the calculated checksum with the checksum field contained in the data frame to determine whether the data transmission is correct. Checksum is a data verification method provided in an embodiment of the present application. Specifically, algorithms such as CRC check and MD5 check can be selected. Frame tail detection refers to the detection of the frame tail of the data frame by the serial port screen after completing the data content reading and checksum verification to confirm the integrity of the data frame. A specific byte or byte sequence can be selected for the frame tail. For example, 0x55 can be selected as the frame tail. If the checksum comparison is consistent and the frame tail detection is correct, it means that the data transmission is correct, and the serial port screen completes the reception and parsing of a frame of data and extracts the detection data. If the checksum comparison is inconsistent, it means that the data transmission is wrong. The serial port screen discards the current data frame and sends a retransmission request to the gas discharge tube detection device to ensure reliable data transmission.

[0030] Through the above steps, it can be ensured that the serial port screen accurately receives and parses the data frames from the gas discharge tube detection equipment, extracts the detection data therein, and thus provides a basis for subsequent data processing and display.

[0031] In some embodiments, the serial port screen receives a data frame from a gas discharge tube detection device, parses the data frame to extract detection data, and visually displays the detection data on a local display interface, further comprising: Filtering the received gas discharge tube detection data to eliminate noise interference; Perform abnormal detection on the detection data of the gas discharge tube based on the preset threshold value, and issue an alarm prompt on the local display interface; Store historical gas discharge tube detection data and provide local data query function; Respond to the user's operation instructions on the local interface of the serial port screen, and send the operation instructions to the gas discharge tube detection equipment through the serial port.

[0032] Among them, filtering the received gas discharge tube detection data to eliminate noise interference means that after the data analysis is completed, the detection data is preprocessed to improve the accuracy and reliability of the data. The filtering process can adopt a variety of algorithms, such as sliding average filtering, median filtering, Kalman filtering, etc. The purpose of filtering is to eliminate the influence of sensor noise, electromagnetic interference and other factors on the detection data. Based on the preset threshold, the detection data of the gas discharge tube is detected for abnormality, and an alarm prompt is given on the local display interface, which means that the threshold of each parameter is set according to the normal working range of the gas discharge tube. When the detection data exceeds the threshold range, it is considered that an abnormality has occurred, and an alarm prompt is given on the local display interface of the serial port screen. The threshold can be adjusted according to the actual application scenario, for example, it can be set according to the model of the gas discharge tube, the working environment and other factors. The alarm prompt can be in a variety of ways, such as flashing, color change, sound, etc. Storing the historical gas discharge tube detection data and providing a local data query function means that the detected data is stored in the storage unit of the serial port screen for user query and analysis. The storage unit can be selected from Flash memory, SD card, etc. The local data query function can provide multiple query methods, such as query by time, query by device ID, query by parameter, etc. Respond to the user's operation instructions on the local interface of the serial port screen, and send the operation instructions to the gas discharge tube detection device through the serial port, which means that the serial port screen can receive the user's operation instructions on the local interface, such as setting parameters, starting / stopping detection, querying data, etc., and send these operation instructions to the gas discharge tube detection device through the serial port to realize the control of the device.

[0033] Through the above steps, the quality of detection data can be further improved, and convenient user interaction functions can be provided. For example, noise interference can be eliminated through filtering processing to improve data accuracy; equipment failures can be discovered in time through anomaly detection to reduce safety risks; historical data can be stored and local data query functions can be provided to facilitate user data analysis and management; and equipment control can be achieved by responding to user operation instructions, making user operation more convenient.

[0034] In some embodiments, the step of connecting the serial port screen to the IoT server via a wireless network further includes: When the wireless network connection is interrupted or the TCP connection is disconnected, the serial port screen periodically sends connection request data packets to the IoT server until the TCP connection with the IoT server is reestablished; During data transmission, the serial port screen and IoT server use data retransmission mechanism and cyclic redundancy check algorithm for error checking.

[0035] Among them, wireless network connection interruption or TCP connection disconnection is a common problem in IoT applications, which may be caused by unstable network signals, equipment failures, etc. In order to ensure reliable data transmission, the embodiment of the present invention adopts an automatic reconnection mechanism. The serial port screen periodically sends a connection request data packet to the IoT server until a TCP connection is reestablished with the IoT server. The connection request data packet may contain information such as the device ID and MAC address of the serial port screen for identification by the IoT server. The sending period can be adjusted according to the actual application scenario, for example, it can be set to 1 second, 5 seconds, 10 seconds, etc. During data transmission, in order to prevent data errors during transmission, the embodiment of the present invention adopts a data retransmission mechanism and a cyclic redundancy check algorithm for error checking. The data retransmission mechanism means that when the sender does not receive the confirmation information from the receiver within the specified time, the data packet is resent. The cyclic redundancy check algorithm (CRC) is a data verification algorithm that calculates the CRC check value of the data packet and attaches it to the end of the data packet. After the receiver receives the data packet, it recalculates the CRC check value and compares it with the received CRC check value. If they are consistent, it means that the data transmission is correct, otherwise it means that the data transmission is wrong.

[0036] Through the above steps, the stability and reliability of the system can be improved. Even in a poor network environment, reliable data transmission can be guaranteed to avoid data loss or errors. The automatic reconnection mechanism can reduce manual intervention and improve the automation of the system; the data retransmission mechanism and cyclic redundancy check algorithm can effectively detect and correct data transmission errors to ensure data accuracy.

[0037] In some embodiments, the steps of storing and processing the detection data by the IoT server further include: The received gas discharge tube detection data is stored in the cloud time series database, and a data table containing device ID, timestamp and detection parameters is established; The detection data of gas discharge tubes are analyzed and mined using algorithms based on statistical analysis or machine learning.

[0038] Among them, storing the received gas discharge tube detection data in the cloud time series database and establishing a data table containing device ID, timestamp and detection parameters means that the various detection data of the gas discharge tube received from the serial port screen are stored in the cloud time series database in chronological order. The cloud time series database is a database specially used to store time series data, which has the advantages of high performance, high reliability and scalability. The design of the data table needs to include fields such as device ID, timestamp and detection parameters. The device ID is used to identify the data source, the timestamp is used to record the data acquisition time, and the detection parameters are used to store specific detection data, such as breakdown voltage, insulation resistance, response time, number of discharges, etc. Using algorithms based on statistical analysis or machine learning to analyze and mine the detection data of the gas discharge tube means using historical data stored in the cloud time series database and using statistical analysis or machine learning algorithms to evaluate and predict the performance of the gas discharge tube. Statistical analysis algorithms may include mean value, variance, standard deviation, trend analysis, etc., and machine learning algorithms may include regression analysis, classification algorithms, clustering algorithms, etc. Through data analysis and mining, potential problems of the gas discharge tube can be discovered and a basis for preventive maintenance can be provided.

[0039] By storing the test data in a cloud-based time series database, long-term data storage and management can be achieved, facilitating subsequent data analysis and mining. Using statistical analysis or machine learning algorithms to analyze and mine data can identify potential problems with gas discharge tubes, provide a basis for preventive maintenance, and improve the reliability and safety of equipment operation.

[0040] In some embodiments, the method further comprises the step of device address management: Assign a unique device ID to each gas discharge tube detection device connected to the master control device; The data frame sent by the gas discharge tube detection device to the serial port screen includes a device ID field that identifies the gas discharge tube detection device; After receiving the data frame, the serial port screen distinguishes the data from different gas discharge tube detection devices according to the device ID and performs classification processing; After receiving the data packet from the serial port screen, the IoT server identifies the data source according to the device ID contained in the data packet, and classifies and manages the data.

[0041] Among them, device address management refers to the unified management of various gas discharge tube detection devices connected to the system to facilitate data identification and processing. Allocating a unique device ID to each gas discharge tube detection device connected to the main control device means allocating a unique identifier to each device, for example, it can be encoded in the form of numbers, letters, strings, etc. The function of the device ID is to distinguish different devices for the convenience of data identification and processing. In the data frame sent by the gas discharge tube detection device to the serial port screen, the device ID field for identifying the gas discharge tube detection device is included, which means that a field for identifying the device ID is added to the format of the data frame, for example, it can occupy 1 byte or 2 bytes. After the serial port screen receives the data frame, it distinguishes the data from different gas discharge tube detection devices according to the device ID and performs classification processing, which means that after the serial port screen receives the data frame, it first parses the device ID field therein, and then classifies the data according to the device ID, for example, storing it in different data areas, displaying it on different interfaces, etc. After the IoT server receives the data packet from the serial port screen, it identifies the data source according to the device ID contained in the data packet, and classifies and manages the data. This means that after the IoT server receives the data packet, it first parses out the device ID field, and then classifies and manages the data according to the device ID, for example, storing it in different database tables, displaying it on different monitoring interfaces, etc.

[0042] Through the above steps, it is possible to achieve unified management of various gas discharge tube detection devices connected to the system, facilitate data identification, classification and processing, and improve the scalability and maintainability of the system. The uniqueness of the device ID can ensure the accuracy of the data and avoid data confusion or errors.

[0043] In some embodiments, the data content field of the data frame includes one or more detection parameters of the gas discharge tube, such as breakdown voltage, insulation resistance, response time, and number of discharges.

[0044] Among them, the data content field of the data frame is a key component for carrying gas discharge tube detection data. The breakdown voltage of a gas discharge tube refers to the minimum voltage value required for a gas discharge tube to break down under specific conditions. It is one of the important indicators for measuring the performance of a gas discharge tube, and the unit is usually volt (V) or kilovolt (kV). Insulation resistance refers to the insulation ability of a gas discharge tube under a specific voltage. It is one of the important indicators for measuring the insulation performance of a gas discharge tube. The unit is usually megohm (MΩ) or gigaohm (GΩ). Response time refers to the time required for a gas discharge tube to start discharging from receiving a trigger signal. It is one of the important indicators for measuring the response speed of a gas discharge tube. The unit is usually nanosecond (ns) or microsecond (μs). The number of discharges refers to the number of discharges that occur in a gas discharge tube within a certain period of time. It is one of the important indicators for measuring the life of a gas discharge tube. The data content field can be selected to include one or more of the above detection parameters according to actual needs. For example, it can only include breakdown voltage and insulation resistance, or it can include all four detection parameters. The data type of the data content field can be selected according to the type of the detection parameter. For example, the breakdown voltage and insulation resistance can use floating point type, and the response time and discharge times can use integer type.

[0045] By including various detection parameters of the gas discharge tube in the data content field of the data frame, comprehensive monitoring and evaluation of the performance of the gas discharge tube can be achieved, providing data support for preventive maintenance. Different detection parameters can reflect different performance indicators of the gas discharge tube. For example, the breakdown voltage can reflect the insulation capacity of the gas discharge tube, the insulation resistance can reflect the leakage current of the gas discharge tube, the response time can reflect the response speed of the gas discharge tube, and the number of discharges can reflect the life of the gas discharge tube.

[0046] In some embodiments, the wireless network is a WiFi network, and the serial communication is RS485 serial communication. The wireless network is a WiFi network, which means that the serial screen and the Internet of Things server use WiFi wireless communication technology for data transmission. WiFi is a wireless local area network technology with the advantages of high transmission rate, wide coverage, and low cost. The serial communication is RS485 serial communication, which means that the gas discharge tube detection equipment and the serial screen use RS485 (universal synchronous asynchronous receiver and transmitter) serial communication technology for data transmission. RS485 is a commonly used serial communication protocol with the advantages of simple hardware and high reliability.

[0047] By adopting WiFi network and RS485 serial communication technology, wireless transmission and local interaction of gas discharge tube detection equipment data can be realized, system cost and power consumption can be reduced, and system flexibility and scalability can be improved. WiFi network can use IEEE 802.11 b / g / n and other standards, RS485 serial communication can use different baud rate, data bit, check bit and stop bit parameters to meet different application requirements. For example, in some embodiments, WiFi network can use IEEE802.11n standard, RS485 serial communication can use baud rate of 9600bps, data bit of 8 bits, no check bit, stop bit of 1 bit parameter configuration.

[0048] In some embodiments, a remote firmware upgrade method is also included, comprising the following steps: Initiate a firmware upgrade request for the gas discharge tube detection device and / or the serial port screen through the user operation interface of the IoT server or the local serial port screen; The serial port screen or gas discharge tube detection equipment downloads new firmware data packets from the remote firmware server through a wireless network or serial port communication link; The serial port screen or gas discharge tube detection equipment performs integrity check on the downloaded firmware data package; If the firmware data verification passes, the serial port screen or gas discharge tube detection device writes the new firmware data into its own memory, overwriting the old version of the firmware, and completes the firmware update; After the firmware update is completed, the serial port screen or the gas discharge tube detection device sends a firmware upgrade result data frame to the IoT server or the local serial port screen to indicate whether the firmware upgrade is successful or failed.

[0049] Among them, remote firmware upgrade refers to updating the firmware of the gas discharge tube detection device and / or serial port screen through a network or serial port communication link to fix vulnerabilities, add functions or improve performance. Initiating a firmware upgrade request for the gas discharge tube detection device and / or serial port screen through the user operation interface of the Internet of Things server or the local serial port screen means that the user can initiate a firmware upgrade request through the monitoring interface of the Internet of Things server or the operation interface of the local serial port screen. The serial port screen or gas discharge tube detection device downloads a new firmware data packet from the remote firmware server through a wireless network or a serial port communication link, which means that the serial port screen or gas discharge tube detection device downloads a new firmware data packet from the remote firmware server through a WiFi network or an RS485 serial port communication link. The remote firmware server refers to a server that stores firmware data packets, and HTTP, FTP and other protocols can be used for data transmission. The serial port screen or gas discharge tube detection device performs integrity check on the downloaded firmware data packet, which means that the downloaded firmware data packet is checked to ensure the integrity and correctness of the data, and algorithms such as CRC check and MD5 check can be used. If the firmware data verification passes, the serial port screen or gas discharge tube detection device writes the new firmware data into its own memory, overwriting the old version of the firmware, and completing the firmware update. This means that if the firmware data packet verification passes, the new firmware data is written into the memory of the serial port screen or gas discharge tube detection device, overwriting the old version of the firmware, and completing the firmware update. After the firmware update is completed, the serial port screen or gas discharge tube detection device sends a firmware upgrade result data frame to the IoT server or the local serial port screen to indicate whether the firmware upgrade is successful or failed. This means that after the firmware update is completed, the serial port screen or gas discharge tube detection device sends a firmware upgrade result data frame to the IoT server or the local serial port screen to inform the user of the result of the firmware upgrade.

[0050] Through the above steps, remote firmware upgrades can be achieved for gas discharge tube detection equipment and / or serial port screens, which facilitates equipment maintenance and management and improves system stability and reliability. Remote firmware upgrades can reduce manual intervention and improve the automation of equipment; they can promptly fix vulnerabilities, add functions or improve performance, and extend the service life of equipment.

[0051] Combination Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, another specific implementation process of the Internet of Things communication method based on the serial port screen provided by the embodiment of the present invention. The implementation process is as follows: Data exchange process between the device end of the gas discharge tube detection equipment and the serial port screen: The device end of the gas discharge tube detection equipment is mainly composed of an ARM microcontroller, which is responsible for collecting gas discharge tube data and using the Modbus protocol to communicate with the serial port screen to ensure the reliability of data exchange.

[0052] First, data collection and preprocessing. The gas discharge tube detection equipment collects the voltage, current and other detection data of the gas discharge tube through sensors such as voltage sensors and current sensors. The ARM microcontroller parses and splices the raw data. For example, if the device is also connected to other auxiliary sensors, the data from different sensors needs to be integrated.

[0053] Secondly, construct the Modbus data frame. The ARM microcontroller encapsulates the pre-processed detection data into a Modbus RTU data frame according to the Modbus protocol specification. The Modbus data frame contains fields such as device address, function code, data field, CRC checksum, etc. to ensure the reliability and compatibility of data transmission.

[0054] Subsequently, the data transmission and reception are confirmed, for example, using an ACK / NACK mechanism.

[0055] The ARM microcontroller sends the Modbus data frame to the serial screen through the RS485 serial port. To ensure the reliability of data transmission, the ACK / NACK mechanism is used: Data sending: After ARM sends the Modbus data frame, it starts the timer to wait for the response from the serial port screen.

[0056] Receiving confirmation is the ACK process: After the serial port screen successfully receives and verifies the Modbus data frame, it sends an ACK response frame to the ARM. After receiving the ACK, the ARM confirms that the data has been sent successfully.

[0057] Reception failure, i.e., NACK process or timeout: If ARM does not receive ACK within the specified time, or receives a NACK negative response frame, which means that the serial port screen fails to verify the data, ARM will resend the data frame until it receives ACK or reaches the maximum number of retransmissions.

[0058] Finally, feedback is given on success or failure of reception. ARM determines the result of data transmission based on the response of the serial port screen, i.e. ACK or NACK, and records the communication status internally for subsequent data retransmission or error handling.

[0059] Local display and data analysis process of the serial port screen: After the serial port screen receives the data from ARM, it first parses the Modbus data frame.

[0060] Parsing Modbus data frames: After receiving the data stream, the serial port screen parses the data frame according to the Modbus RTU protocol specification, extracts the device address, function code, data field and CRC check code. The serial port screen performs CRC check to verify data integrity.

[0061] Data verification and error handling: If the CRC verification succeeds, it means that the data transmission is correct. The serial port screen extracts the detection data in the data field and performs subsequent processing. If the CRC verification fails, the data frame is discarded and a NACK negative response frame is sent to ARM to request data retransmission.

[0062] Local display: The serial port screen will display the analyzed gas discharge tube detection data visually on the local display interface, such as real-time display of voltage and current values, drawing dynamic curves, etc., to facilitate users to monitor the equipment status on site.

[0063] Parsing data frames: While the serial port screen displays data locally, it also prepares for subsequent uploading to the server and organizes the parsed test data so that it can be packaged in the format required by the server.

[0064] The data exchange process between the serial port screen and the IoT server, such as the server: the serial port screen acts as a client, establishes a TCP long connection with the remote server through WiFi, and adopts a specific data exchange process.

[0065] TCP connection establishment process: Send SYN packet: The serial port screen first sends a SYN (synchronization) packet to the server to request to establish a connection.

[0066] Return SYN+ACK packet: After receiving the SYN packet, the server returns a SYN+ACK (synchronization + acknowledgement) packet to indicate that it agrees to the connection request.

[0067] Return ACK packet: After receiving the SYN+ACK packet, the serial port screen sends an ACK (answer) packet to the server again, completing the TCP three-way handshake, and the connection is established successfully.

[0068] Data transmission, such as data block transmission process; after the connection is established, the serial port screen will divide the gas discharge tube detection data to be uploaded, such as data that may contain multiple detection parameters or a period of time, into multiple data blocks and send them to the server in batches to improve transmission efficiency and stability.

[0069] The IoT server-side data reception and processing can be saved in CSV format, for example: after receiving the data block from the serial port screen, the server splices the data to restore the complete gas discharge tube detection data, and saves the data in the database or file in CSV (comma separated value) format to facilitate subsequent data analysis and management.

[0070] Connection closed: After data transmission is completed, in order to release resources, the TCP connection needs to be closed: Send FIN packet: The serial port screen first sends a FIN (end) packet to the server to request to close the connection.

[0071] Return ACK packet: After receiving the FIN packet, the server returns an ACK packet, indicating that the close request has been received.

[0072] Send the FIN packet again: The server also sends a FIN packet to the serial port screen to request to close the connection.

[0073] Return ACK packet: After receiving the FIN packet, the serial port screen sends an ACK packet to the server again, completing TCP four waves and closing the connection.

[0074] Return ACK packet / send FIN packet; During the process of establishing and closing the TCP connection, if a network anomaly occurs and causes data packet loss, the serial port screen and the server have a retransmission mechanism, such as retransmission of SYN+ACK packet and FIN packet, to ensure the reliability of connection establishment and closing.

[0075] Data processing and remote monitoring process of the IoT server: After the IoT server receives and stores the gas discharge tube detection data in CSV format, it can perform further data analysis, visualization and remote monitoring to achieve preventive maintenance and management of the gas discharge tube equipment.

[0076] like Figure 5 The embodiment of the present invention further provides an Internet of Things communication system based on a serial port screen, which is applied to the preventive maintenance of a gas discharge tube detection device and is used to implement the above-mentioned Internet of Things communication method based on a serial port screen, including: The gas discharge tube detection device 1 is used to collect the detection data of the gas discharge tube, and encapsulate the detection data into a data frame and send it through the serial port; The serial port screen 2 is used to receive the data frame from the gas discharge tube detection device 1, parse and locally display the detection data, and communicate with the IoT server through the wireless network to realize data forwarding and command interaction; The Internet of Things server 3 is used to receive the detection data from the serial port screen 2, store, process and remotely monitor the data, and send control instructions to the serial port screen 2.

[0077] Among them, the gas discharge tube detection device 1 is an instrument for collecting various performance parameters of the gas discharge tube. Its core lies in accurately collecting key data such as the breakdown voltage, insulation resistance, response time, and discharge times of the gas discharge tube through sensors. The sensor can be a voltage sensor, a resistance sensor, a time sensor, a counting sensor, etc., and is selected according to different detection parameters. Data frame encapsulation refers to packaging the collected raw data in a predetermined format to facilitate data transmission and analysis. The data frame format includes a frame header, a device ID, a data length, a data content, a checksum, and a frame tail field. Serial port transmission refers to the method of data transmission between the gas discharge tube detection device 1 and the serial port screen 2. RS485 serial port communication can be selected. For example, an RS485 serial port with a baud rate of 9600bps can be selected.

[0078] The serial port screen 2 is an interface for users to interact with the device. Its function is to receive, parse and display data, and communicate with the Internet of Things server 3 through the wireless network to realize data forwarding and command interaction. After receiving the data frame from the gas discharge tube detection device 1, the serial port screen 2 needs to parse it according to a predetermined format to extract the detection data. The parsing process includes the steps of frame header detection, device ID identification, data length reading, data content extraction, checksum and verification. After the extracted detection data is processed, it is visualized through the local display interface. The display content may include various parameters, real-time curves, historical data, etc. of the gas discharge tube. Users can interact with the serial port screen 2 through touch screen, buttons, etc. to query data, set parameters, etc. The serial port screen 2 has a built-in WiFi module, through which wireless connection with the Internet of Things server 3 is realized. The wireless network can use a WiFi network, for example, a WiFi network of the IEEE 802.11 b / g / n standard can be selected. TCP connection refers to a reliable network connection established between the serial port screen 2 and the Internet of Things server 3, and data transmission is carried out through the TCP protocol. The serial port screen 2 encapsulates the received data frame or the processed detection data into a data packet that complies with the TCP protocol, and sends it to the IoT server 3 through the TCP connection. At the same time, the serial port screen 2 can also receive the control instruction data packet from the IoT server 3, parse the control instruction data packet to extract the control instruction, and send the control instruction to the gas discharge tube detection device 1 through the serial port to realize the remote control function.

[0079] The Internet of Things server 3 is responsible for receiving the detection data from the serial port screen 2, storing, processing and remotely monitoring, and sending control instructions to the serial port screen 2. After the Internet of Things server 3 receives the data packet from the serial port screen 2, it first needs to parse it according to the TCP protocol to extract the detection data. After the detection data is processed, it is stored in the database for subsequent query and analysis. The Internet of Things server 3 visualizes the various parameters of the gas discharge tube through the remote monitoring interface, and the user can understand the status of the device in real time. At the same time, the Internet of Things server 3 can also send a control instruction data packet to the serial port screen 2 to realize the remote control function of the gas discharge tube detection equipment 1. The Internet of Things server 3 can be a computer used by scientific researchers for data analysis and equipment management; it can also be a server that stores a large amount of detection data for multi-user access and management.

[0080] The system provided by the embodiment of the present invention solves the deficiencies of the Internet of Things mode of gas discharge tube detection equipment 1 in the prior art in terms of resource utilization, cost, stability and user interaction, simplifies the communication between gas discharge tube detection equipment 1, reduces system complexity and cost, facilitates users to perform local monitoring and operation, realizes remote transmission of detection data and issuance of control instructions, and enhances the scalability and flexibility of the system.

[0081] The above content is a further detailed description of the present application in combination with specific preferred implementation methods, and it cannot be determined that the specific implementation of the present application is limited to these descriptions. For ordinary technicians in the technical field to which the present application belongs, several simple deductions or substitutions can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, which should be deemed to fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A serial port screen based Internet of Things communication method, applied to the preventive maintenance of gas discharge tube detection equipment, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: The gas discharge tube detection equipment collects the detection data of the gas discharge tube through the sensor, encapsulates the detection data into a data frame, and sends it to the serial port screen through serial port communication; The serial port screen receives data frames from the gas discharge tube detection equipment, parses the data frames to extract the detection data, and visualizes the detection data on the local display interface; The serial port screen is connected to the IoT server through a wireless network and establishes a TCP connection; the data frame received from the gas discharge tube detection device or the processed detection data is encapsulated into a data packet that complies with the TCP protocol, and sent to the IoT server through the TCP connection; the control instruction data packet from the IoT server is correspondingly received, the control instruction data packet is parsed to extract the control instruction, and the control instruction is sent to the gas discharge tube detection device through the serial port; The IoT server receives and parses data packets from the serial port screen to extract detection data, stores and processes the detection data, and visualizes the detection data on the remote monitoring interface, and sends control command data packets to the serial port screen to achieve remote control; The data frame includes a frame header, a device ID, a data length, a data content, a checksum, and a frame tail field.

2. The method for communicating with the Internet of Things based on a serial port screen according to claim 1, characterized in that: The serial port screen receives data frames from the gas discharge tube detection device, parses the data frames to extract detection data, and visually displays the detection data on the local display interface, specifically including the following steps: The serial port screen receives the data frame and detects the frame header in the data frame to confirm the start of the data frame; After detecting the frame header, read the device ID field in the data frame to determine the source device or destination device of the data; After determining the data source or destination device according to the device ID, read the data length field in the data frame to obtain the length information of the data content; According to the data length information, read the data content field in the data frame according to the data length field; Calculate the checksum of the read data content field, and compare the calculated checksum with the checksum field contained in the data frame to determine whether the data transmission is correct; If the checksum is consistent, continue to detect the end of the data frame to confirm the integrity of the data frame, complete the reception and analysis of a frame of data, and extract the test data; If the checksum comparison is inconsistent, the current data frame is discarded and a retransmission request is sent to the gas discharge tube detection device.

3. The method for Internet of Things communication based on serial port screen according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The steps of receiving the data frame from the gas discharge tube detection device, parsing the data frame to extract the detection data, and visually displaying the detection data on the local display interface also include: Filtering the received gas discharge tube detection data to eliminate noise interference; Perform abnormal detection on the detection data of the gas discharge tube based on the preset threshold value, and issue an alarm prompt on the local display interface; Store historical gas discharge tube detection data and provide local data query function; Respond to the user's operation instructions on the local interface of the serial port screen, and send the operation instructions to the gas discharge tube detection equipment through the serial port.

4. The method for communicating with the Internet of Things based on a serial port screen according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of connecting the serial port screen to the Internet of Things server via a wireless network also includes: When the wireless network connection is interrupted or the TCP connection is disconnected, the serial port screen periodically sends connection request data packets to the IoT server until the TCP connection with the IoT server is reestablished; During data transmission, the serial port screen and IoT server use data retransmission mechanism and cyclic redundancy check algorithm for error checking.

5. The method for Internet of Things communication based on serial port screen according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The steps of storing and processing the detection data of the Internet of Things server also include: The received gas discharge tube detection data is stored in the cloud time series database, and a data table containing device ID, timestamp and detection parameters is established; The detection data of gas discharge tubes are analyzed and mined using algorithms based on statistical analysis or machine learning.

6. The method for communicating with the Internet of Things based on a serial port screen according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method also includes the step of device address management: Assign a unique device ID to each gas discharge tube detection device connected to the master control device; The data frame sent by the gas discharge tube detection device to the serial port screen includes a device ID field that identifies the gas discharge tube detection device; After receiving the data frame, the serial port screen distinguishes the data from different gas discharge tube detection devices according to the device ID and performs classification processing; After receiving the data packet from the serial port screen, the IoT server identifies the data source according to the device ID contained in the data packet, and classifies and manages the data.

7. The method for Internet of Things communication based on serial port screen according to claim 1, characterized in that: The data content field of the data frame includes one or more of the breakdown voltage, insulation resistance, response time and discharge number detection parameters of the gas discharge tube.

8. The method for Internet of Things communication based on serial port screen according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wireless network is a WiFi network, and the serial port communication is RS485 serial port communication.

9. The method for Internet of Things communication based on serial port screen according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also included is a remote firmware upgrade method, comprising the following steps: Initiate a firmware upgrade request for the gas discharge tube detection device and / or the serial port screen through the user operation interface of the IoT server or the local serial port screen; The serial port screen or gas discharge tube detection equipment downloads new firmware data packets from the remote firmware server through a wireless network or serial port communication link; The serial port screen or gas discharge tube detection equipment performs integrity check on the downloaded firmware data package; If the firmware data verification passes, the serial port screen or gas discharge tube detection device writes the new firmware data into its own memory, overwriting the old version of the firmware, and completes the firmware update; After the firmware update is completed, the serial port screen or the gas discharge tube detection device sends a firmware upgrade result data frame to the IoT server or the local serial port screen to indicate whether the firmware upgrade is successful or failed.

10. An Internet of Things communication system based on a serial port screen, applied to preventive maintenance of gas discharge tube detection equipment, used to implement the Internet of Things communication method based on a serial port screen as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising: Gas discharge tube detection equipment, used to collect detection data of gas discharge tubes, and encapsulate the detection data into data frames and send them through the serial port; The serial port screen is used to receive data frames from the gas discharge tube detection equipment, parse and locally display the detection data, and communicate with the IoT server through the wireless network to realize data forwarding and command interaction; The IoT server is used to receive detection data from the serial port screen, store, process and remotely monitor it, and send control instructions to the serial port screen.

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