Zero correlation parameter self-adaption method and system of distributed base station

Abstract

The invention provides a zero correlation parameter self-adaption method and system of a distributed base station, and relates to the technical field of communication, and the method comprises the steps: a baseband unit measures the transmission time delay of a radio frequency unit side, and obtains the total time delay of a system; acquiring a coverage range parameter of the radio frequency unit side; calculating a total coverage range according to the coverage range parameters; and selecting a corresponding zero correlation parameter according to the total coverage range. The base station deployment and maintenance efficiency can be improved; the base station parameters of the remote mountainous area are self-adapted, the maintenance cost is saved, the zero correlation parameters are matched with the coverage range, and the wireless network communication quality and the user experience are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a zero-correlation parameter adaptation method and system for a distributed base station. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of the communications industry, the use of distributed base stations is becoming more and more widespread. In this architecture, the baseband unit (BBU) is centrally deployed in the equipment room, while multiple radio units (RU) are remotely connected to different towers via optical fibers. Distributed base stations can flexibly increase or decrease radio units (RU) at different locations and distances at any time according to demand, and can jump fibers instantly when optical fiber transmission failures occur. At the same time, the radio units can also be upgraded according to technological advances to improve the overall performance of the system.

[0003] However, different optical fibers have different transmission delays, and different radio frequency units (RUs) have different transmit and receive powers, resulting in different coverage. In addition, fiber jumper operations may cause changes in transmission delays, which ultimately make the coverage of the RF unit inconsistent with the preset parameters on the baseband unit (BBU) side, thereby affecting the access and switching functions of the end user (UE), causing a decline in communication quality and affecting user experience.

[0004] At present, communication systems usually rely on manual configuration and adjustment according to the deployment conditions at different stages. This is not only cumbersome and labor-intensive, but also prone to configuration errors and omissions. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present application shows a method and system for zero-correlation parameter adaptation of a distributed base station.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present application shows a zero-correlation parameter adaptation method of a distributed base station, the method comprising:

[0007] The transmission delay at the radio frequency unit side is measured according to the baseband unit to obtain the total system delay;

[0008] Acquire coverage parameters of the radio frequency unit side;

[0009] Calculating a first total coverage according to the coverage parameters;

[0010] A corresponding zero-correlation parameter is selected according to the first total coverage range.

[0011] Further, measuring the transmission delay on the radio frequency unit side according to the baseband unit, obtaining the total system delay includes:

[0012] Measuring the system delay of a field programmable gate array, wherein the system delay of the field programmable gate array includes the digital signal processing delay of the link and the transmission delay of the baseband unit measuring the radio frequency unit;

[0013] Measure the latency of high-speed digital-to-analog converter transceivers;

[0014] The sum of the system delay of the field programmable gate array and the high-speed digital-to-analog conversion transceiver delay is determined as the total system delay.

[0015] Further, calculating the first total coverage according to the coverage parameter includes:

[0016] According to the expression D cover =(L cover / 0.3) calculating the delay corresponding to the first total coverage area;

[0017] Get the transmission delay D from the baseband unit to the radio unit trans and IQ data processing delay D iq , and according to the expression D total =D cover +D trans +D iq Calculate the total one-way delay;

[0018] According to the expression L total =(L cover / 0.3+D trans +D iq )*0.3*0.5 The formula for calculating the first total coverage is:

[0019] Among them, D cover represents the delay corresponding to the first total coverage, L cover Denotes the coverage parameter, D total Indicates the total one-way delay, D trans Denotes the transmission delay from the baseband unit to the radio frequency unit, D iq Indicates the IQ data processing delay, L total Indicates the first total coverage.

[0020] Furthermore, the method further comprises:

[0021] Monitoring the transmission delay and the change of the first total coverage;

[0022] When a change is detected, the current transmission delay and current coverage parameters are re-read;

[0023] Calculating a second total coverage based on the current transmission delay and the current coverage parameter;

[0024] If the difference between the second total coverage area and the first total coverage area is greater than a preset threshold, the zero correlation parameter is updated.

[0025] Further, the monitoring the change of the transmission delay and the first total coverage includes:

[0026] Monitor the changes in transmission delay in real time through monitoring programs;

[0027] The transmission delay changes are monitored through a periodically running monitoring thread.

[0028] Further, the conditions for triggering re-reading the transmission delay and the coverage parameter include:

[0029] Fiber jumper changes caused by transmission failures;

[0030] Changes in hardware characteristics caused by replacement of the RF unit;

[0031] Coverage changes caused by adding or removing radio frequency units;

[0032] Delay changes due to temperature changes or device aging.

[0033] Further, the step of measuring the transmission delay on the radio frequency unit side according to the baseband unit to obtain the total system delay includes:

[0034] A maximum value of transmission delays among multiple radio frequency units connected to the baseband unit is selected, and a total system delay is calculated based on the maximum value of the transmission delays.

[0035] On the other hand, the present application also shows a zero-correlation parameter adaptation system of a distributed base station, including:

[0036] The module for obtaining system delay is used for the baseband unit to measure the transmission delay on the radio frequency unit side and obtain the total system delay;

[0037] A coverage parameter acquisition module, used to acquire the coverage parameters of the radio frequency unit side;

[0038] A total coverage calculation module, used for calculating the total coverage according to the coverage parameters;

[0039] An adaptive module is used to select corresponding zero-correlation parameters according to the total system delay and the total coverage range.

[0040] Furthermore, the module for obtaining system delay is used to:

[0041] Measuring the system delay of a field programmable gate array, wherein the system delay of the field programmable gate array includes the digital signal processing delay of the link and the transmission delay of the baseband unit measuring the radio frequency unit;

[0042] Measure the latency of high-speed digital-to-analog converter transceivers;

[0043] The sum of the system delay of the field programmable gate array and the high-speed digital-to-analog conversion transceiver delay is determined as the total system delay.

[0044] Furthermore, the module for calculating the total coverage is used to:

[0045] According to the expression D cover =(L cover / 0.3) calculating the delay corresponding to the first total coverage area;

[0046] Get the transmission delay D from the baseband unit to the radio unit trans and IQ data processing delay D iq , and according to the expression D total =D cover +D trans +D iq Calculate the total one-way delay;

[0047] According to the expression L total =(L cover / 0.3+D trans +D iq )*0.3*0.5 The formula for calculating the first total coverage is:

[0048] Among them, D cover represents the delay corresponding to the first total coverage, L cover Denotes the coverage parameter, D total Indicates the total one-way delay, D trans Denotes the transmission delay from the baseband unit to the radio frequency unit, D iq Indicates the IQ data processing delay, L total Indicates the first total coverage.

[0049] The technical solution provided by this application may have the following beneficial effects:

[0050] (1) Distributed base stations have important application value in vast rural areas, especially in remote mountainous areas. The settlements in these areas are scattered and sparsely populated. The present application can calculate the total coverage range according to the coverage range parameters, and select the corresponding zero-correlation parameters according to the total coverage range, so that the baseband unit (BBU) deployed with the method of the present application can automatically adjust the relevant parameters, thereby improving the deployment and maintenance efficiency of the base station, reducing manual intervention and reducing maintenance costs.

[0051] (2) There are large differences in climatic conditions in different regions, with some places being hot and others being cold. These climate changes will affect the equipment components of the radio frequency unit (RU), thereby causing delay changes. The present application can calculate the total coverage range based on the coverage range parameters, and select the corresponding zero-correlation parameters based on the total coverage range, so that the baseband unit (BBU) deployed with the method of the present application can automatically adjust the relevant parameters, thereby reducing manual intervention, improving communication quality, and optimizing user experience. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0052] Figure 1 is a flowchart of the steps of the application method;

[0053] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of zero-related parameter initialization of this application;

[0054] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the zero-correlation parameter adaptation mechanism of the present application;

[0055] Figure 4 is a flow chart of the zero-correlation parameter adaptive algorithm of the present application;

[0056] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the distributed base station network of this application;

[0057] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the time delay of the BBU measuring the RU optical fiber extension in this application;

[0058] Figure 7 is a block diagram of an electronic device of the present application;

[0059] Figure 8 is a block diagram of a computer-readable storage medium of the present application;

[0060] Fig. 9 It is the structural diagram of the system of this application;

[0061] Fig.10 It is the value diagram of zero-correlation parameters of this application;

[0062] Fig.11 This is a schematic diagram of the planning format of the 4 / 5G prach application;

[0063] Fig.12 This is a schematic diagram of the pramble format of this application;

[0064] Fig.13 This is a schematic diagram of the uplink and downlink delay of this application;

[0065] Fig.14 This is a schematic diagram of the time synchronization requirements of this application;

[0066] Fig.15This is a schematic diagram of the preamble format of this application and the cycle through the ZC sequence;

[0067] Fig.16 This is an example diagram of interference used in the preamble of this application;

[0068] Fig.17 This is a schematic diagram of the zero-correlation configuration, Ncs and cell radius of this application;

[0069] Fig.18 This is the prach configuration information diagram in SIB2 of this application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0070] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0071] Prach: Physical Random Access CHannel. The prach channel sends a preamble for random access of users, where the preamble sequence is used for initial access, switching, connection reconfiguration, and uplink synchronization.

[0072] The ZC (Zadoff-Chu) sequence is a mathematical sequence with special autocorrelation and cross-correlation properties. It is widely used in wireless communication systems, especially in mobile communication standards such as LTE and 5G.

[0073] RA-preamble (Random Access Preamble) is a signal sequence used by user equipment (UE) to establish an initial connection with a base station in a wireless communication system. It is usually used in the random access process in systems such as LTE and 5G. The main function of the RA-preamble sequence is to help the UE establish a communication connection with the base station, especially in the initial access stage.

[0074] The preamble sequence is a ZC sequence, which is a cyclic sequence with a length of 839 bits. The ZC sequence preamble is generated by different cyclic shifts (Ncs) for different users.

[0075] The cyclic shift (Ncs) determines the cell radius that is specifically supported in this format, which is required to exceed the sum of RTT (twice the propagation time + base station side processing time) and multipath delay spread. The method for determining Ncs is as follows:

[0076] Ncs*TS>TRTD+TMD, where TRTD=6.67(us / km)*R(km); TS is the sampling length of the ZC sequence; TMD

[0077] is the maximum delay spread, usually 5us; R is the cell coverage radius, in km.

[0078] Considering the length of time for forward search, N must satisfy the following conditions:

[0079] Ncs>1.048 75x(6.67r+TMD+2)

[0080] Under the above conditions, Ncs should be as small as possible to reduce the processing time of the receiver. If the configuration is too large, too many root sequences will be used, which will increase the detection complexity of the BBU. When the number of users is small, the Ncs configuration can be a larger value to expand the detection window and facilitate detection. When the number of users is large, the Ncs configuration can be based on the cell radius, requiring that the cell radius corresponding to Ncs should be greater than or equal to the planned cell radius. The cell radius corresponding to different Ncs configurations.

[0081] Zero Correlation Zone Configuration (zeroCorrelationZoneConfig): Cyclic shift zone configuration, i.e., the index value used to indicate the cyclic shift configuration used when generating the PRACH preamble sequence.

[0082] The baseband unit (BBU) is a key device in modern communication systems, especially in distributed base station architectures. The BBU is mainly responsible for processing the baseband part of wireless signals, that is, converting radio frequency (RF) signals into digital signals, and performing signal encoding, decoding, modulation and demodulation.

[0083] The Radio Frequency Unit (RU) is an important component of modern communication base station systems, especially in distributed base station architectures. It works in conjunction with the Baseband Unit (BBU) to implement the functions of sending and receiving wireless signals.

[0084] CPRI (Common Public Radio Interface) is a digital protocol used for high-speed serial data transmission between two key components of contemporary base stations. Specifically, it connects the baseband unit (BBU), also known as the radio equipment control unit (REC), and the remote radio unit (RRU), also known as the radio equipment (RE) or remote radio head (RRH). The main features of the CPRI protocol include full-duplex communication, high bandwidth, high throughput, low latency, and a high degree of synchronization and stability.

[0085] Traditionally, the CPRI interface is mainly used for optical fiber connection between BBU and RRU, and the transmission distance is usually no more than a few hundred meters. However, with the adoption of C-RAN (centralized radio access network) networking, the transmission distance has been extended to tens of kilometers. In this case, in order to save optical fiber resources, it is usually necessary to use appropriate technology to multiplex the data of multiple CPRI links to a single optical fiber for transmission. At present, the commonly used technologies include color optical direct drive and OTN (optical transmission network) bearer.

[0086] Regardless of the bearer mode used, the delay and delay jitter of the CPRI signal must be strictly tested and monitored during long-distance transmission. This is to ensure that excessive delay or jitter is not introduced during the transmission process, thereby not affecting the strict requirements of the CPRI protocol on delay and jitter, and ensuring system stability and communication quality.

[0087] In this application, the CPRI delay D cpri The BBU measures the transmission delay on the RU side.

[0088] FIR (Finite Impulse Response) filter is a digital filter that has a finite impulse response, that is, its output is determined only by a finite number of past sample values ​​of the input signal. FIR filters are widely used in signal processing fields, such as audio processing, image processing, communication systems, radar signal processing, etc.

[0089] REC usually refers to the Radio Equipment Controller (REC) in the base station system. In wireless communication systems, especially distributed base stations, REC is a key component responsible for controlling and managing communications with remote radio units (RE) or remote radio heads (RRH). It usually works in conjunction with the baseband unit (BBU) to handle signal control and scheduling.

[0090] Remote Radio Equipment (RE) is one of the important components of modern wireless communication systems, especially in distributed base station architectures (such as C-RAN). Remote Radio Units are also commonly known as Remote Radio Heads (RRH), which are mainly responsible for the transmission and reception of wireless signals.

[0091] Unrestricted Set is a predefined sequence set in wireless communication systems, especially in random access procedures. It is used for cells with normal coverage, i.e. those areas within the coverage of a base station and without special requirements or high mobility.

[0092] Restricted Set is a set of special sequences designed for high-speed mobile environments (such as high-speed railways, highways, etc.) in wireless communication systems, especially in the random access process (RA-preamble sequence generation and selection process).

[0093] CP (Cyclic Prefix) is a technology widely used in wireless communication systems, especially in OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) technology. The main function of CP is to solve the inter-symbol interference (ISI) caused by multipath propagation and ensure that the signal can be transmitted correctly.

[0094] GT (Guard Time) is an important concept in wireless communications, especially in systems used in access technologies (such as random access) and multiple access communications. The main purpose of guard time is to avoid mutual interference between different signals, especially in the case of time delay and propagation delay, to ensure that there is no overlap or collision between signals.

[0095] The following are the zero-related parameter configuration principles, as shown below:

[0096] 1.PRACH (Physical Random Access Channel)

[0097] In the process of UE (user equipment) initiating random access, the first step is to send RA-preamble through PRACH. Each cell can use 64 different RA-preamble sequences. Fig.11 As shown in Figure 1, the PRACH protocol provides two forms: long format and short format. The long format has 4 types and the short format has 9 types. The long format is mainly used to enhance the coverage capability of the uplink. The RA-preamble sequence is generated by the ZC (Zadoff-Chu) sequence through cyclic shift (Ncs), and the cell radius determines the size of the cyclic shift.

[0098] 2. Introduction to Preamble

[0099] The ZC sequence is widely used in PRACH preamble generation due to its excellent autocorrelation and cross-correlation characteristics. When multiple UEs access using different Preamble sequences at the same time, the base station can distinguish different access users based on these characteristics. There are 4 types of Preamble formats, such as Fig.12 As shown, the cyclic shift (Ncs) configuration of each format is adjusted according to different coverage requirements. The specific settings are as follows:

[0100] (1) Unrestricted Set: used for cells with normal coverage;

[0101] (2) Restricted Set: Applicable to areas covered by high-speed mobile devices (such as high-speed trains, etc.).

[0102] 3. Zero Correlation Zone Configuration (zeroCorrelationZoneConfig)

[0103] ZeroCorrelationZoneConfig is an index value used to specify the cyclic shift configuration used when generating the PRACH preamble sequence. This configuration is crucial for synchronization between the base station and the UE, especially in the case of large delay or long distance.

[0104] 4. Relationship between Ncs and cell radius planning

[0105] During the configuration of base station parameters, PRACH related parameter planning is very important. The Ncs value is determined based on the radius of the cell, and then the number of ZC root sequences required for each cell is determined based on this. The larger the cell radius, the larger the required Ncs offset.

[0106] In LTE, after a UE camps on a cell, the base station will help the UE adjust the transmission time of its uplink signal by sending a TA (delay compensation) value so that the signal falls exactly within the time window that the base station wants to receive. Fig.13 The figure shows the time difference between the base station and the UE caused by the delay.

[0107] like Fig.15 As shown in the figure, due to the influence of delay, the base station and the UE far away from the base station are not strictly synchronized. Especially for the UE that initially accesses, since the TA value is not obtained, the UE's uplink signal cannot be accurately synchronized due to the large delay. In this case, the Preamble signal will be processed as follows:

[0108] (1) CP (Cyclic Prefix): To prevent the signal from falling outside the receiving window of the base station due to delay deviation, the CP repeats some symbols of the preamble sequence.

[0109] (2) GT (guard time): prevents the PRACH signal from interfering with other signals due to delay.

[0110] The generation of the PRACH signal is based on the cyclic shift of the ZC root sequence, and the specific shift amount is determined by the Ncs value. During the access process, the Preamble signal sent by the UE may change due to different delays. Assuming that there is a UE1 in the center of the cell with a small delay, the Preamble signal it sends is the same when it is received by the base station as when it was sent; but if it is a UE2 at the edge of the cell with a large delay, the received Preamble signal may be offset, such as Fig.14 shown.

[0111] The following is a specific example, as shown below:

[0112] Assuming that the Ncs offset of the cell is 2, each ZC root sequence can generate 3 different preamble sequences:

[0113] S1-S2-S3-S4-S5-S6-S7

[0114] S3-S4-S5-S6-S7-S1-S2

[0115] S5-S6-S7-S1-S2-S3-S4

[0116] like Fig.16 As shown in the figure, if UE1 is located at the center of the cell, the sequence sent is S1-S2-S3-S4-S5-S6-S7, and the signal received by the base station is still S1-S2-S3-S4-S5-S6-S7; but if UE2 is located at the edge of the cell, due to the influence of delay, the signal received by the base station may become S7-S1-S2-S3-S4-S5-S6. UE3 at a farther distance may receive a sequence of S5-S6-S7-S1-S2-S3-S4 due to a greater delay.

[0117] The sequence change caused by this delay does not lead to access signal conflict, because different delays produce different preamble sequences and can still maintain orthogonality.

[0118] 5. Relationship between Ncs and cell radius

[0119] like Fig.17 As shown in the above analysis, it can be seen that there is a close relationship between the setting of Ncs and the cell radius. In order to ensure the orthogonality of the signal and avoid interference, it is necessary to reasonably configure the Ncs value according to the actual radius of the cell. The specific cyclic shift configuration is indicated by the zero-correlation parameter, such as Fig.18 As shown, this configuration is broadcast in the PRACH parameters of SIB2.

[0120] In summary, the configuration of zero-correlation parameters is closely related to the construction and operation and maintenance of distributed base stations. Reasonable configuration of PRACH parameters, Ncs values, and zero-correlation interval configuration can effectively improve the access performance of base stations and ensure that different UEs can still perform effective access communications under large delay conditions.

[0121] Reference Figure 1 , shows a zero-correlation parameter adaptation method of a distributed base station of the present application, which can be applied to an electronic device, and the method includes the following steps:

[0122] Step 101, the BBU measures the transmission delay on the RU side to obtain the system delay;

[0123] Specifically, in an optional embodiment, the BBU measures the transmission delay on the RU side to obtain the system delay, and the specific process is as follows:

[0124] First, the latency of the FPGA system is determined by the digital signal processing latency D of the link. link and CPRI (Common Public Radio Interface) delay D cpri About digital signal processing delay D link , which can be obtained by looking at the underlying logic unit.

[0125] For CPRI delay D cpri , the REC sends a special structure of optical fiber frame signal, and the timing starts when it is sent. After receiving the signal, the RE forwards it back to the REC. After receiving the return signal, the REC stops timing and divides the timing result by 2 to get the CPRI delay for the uplink and downlink, such as Figure 6 shown.

[0126] The delay of FPGA system fpga It is obtained by the sum of the uplink and downlink CPRI delays and the digital signal processing delay, that is:

[0127] D fpga =D link +D cpri

[0128] In addition, in high-speed AD and DA (digital-to-analog conversion) transceivers, filters play an important role in reducing noise, smoothing signals, and extracting signals in specific frequency bands. The presence of filters will introduce delays, and because the uplink and downlink may have different filter structures, the delays may also be unequal.

[0129] In a FIR (Finite Impulse Response) filter, the delay is related to the number of taps in the filter. The number of taps determines the length of the filter, and the length of the filter directly affects the delay of signal processing. For an FIR filter with N taps, the delay is:

[0130]

[0131] Where N is the number of taps, F s is the sampling frequency. In a discrete time system, each tap requires one sampling period to process, so a filter with N taps will introduce a delay of N-1 sampling periods. This delay is critical for real-time signal processing, especially in communication systems, where excessive delay may affect system performance. Therefore, when designing a filter, it is necessary to comprehensively consider the relationship between the filter length and the sampling frequency.

[0132] For high-speed AD and DA transceiver delay D adda , you can obtain the corresponding delay information by checking the order and sampling rate of the AD and DA transceivers and combining them with the prompts of the calculation tool.

[0133] Finally, in summary, the delay D of the entire system sys It can be obtained by the following formula:

[0134] D sys =D fpga +D adda

[0135] That is, the system delay is the sum of the FPGA delay and the AD / DA transceiver delay.

[0136] Step 102, obtaining coverage parameters of the RU side;

[0137] Step 103, calculating the total coverage according to the coverage parameters;

[0138] Specifically, in an optional embodiment, when the base station is initially deployed, the zero-related parameters will use default values. After the deployment is completed, when the base station begins to operate normally and start, the system starts the zero-related parameter initialization process according to the program settings, such as Figure 2 shown.

[0139] The adaptive adjustment of zero-correlation parameters is achieved through the following key factors: the transmission delay from the RU side to the BBU side, the IQ (orthogonal demodulation) data processing delay in the BBU and RU, and the coverage of the RU. A total coverage is calculated based on these factors, and then Fig.10 Find the corresponding zero-correlation parameter value.

[0140] The specific process is as follows:

[0141] 1. Transmission delay on the BBU side:

[0142] The BBU side reads the fiber delay register in the FPGA storage to obtain the transmission delay D from BBU to RU. trans (Unit: microseconds) If the BBU is configured with multiple RUs, the maximum delay value is selected.

[0143] 2.IQ data processing delay:

[0144] Reading the IQ data processing delay of BBU and RU from FPGA register D iq (Unit: microseconds).

[0145] 3.RU coverage:

[0146] The coverage of RU is determined by the parameter L cover (Unit: km) to configure and confirm.

[0147] The specific calculation method is as follows:

[0148] 1. Delay corresponding to coverage range:

[0149] It is known that the speed of light is 30,000 km / s and the coverage area is L cover The corresponding delay D cover (Unit: microseconds) The calculation formula is:

[0150]

[0151] One-way total delay:

[0152] Calculate the total one-way delay D total (Unit: microseconds), the formula is:

[0153] D total =D cover +D trans +D iq

[0154] Total coverage:

[0155] Calculate the total coverage L total (Unit: km), the formula is:

[0156] L total =D total ×0.3

[0157] The final total coverage formula is:

[0158]

[0159] Through the above process, this application will comprehensively consider the transmission delay, IQ data processing delay and RU coverage to calculate and initialize the zero-correlation parameters, ensuring that the base station can dynamically adjust the zero-correlation parameters according to actual conditions after startup, thereby achieving optimized signal coverage.

[0160] Step 104: Select a corresponding zero-correlation parameter according to the total coverage.

[0161] Specifically, in an optional embodiment, a zero-correlation parameter adaptation step is further included, specifically:

[0162] 1. Changes in link transmission delay and coverage during normal operation of base stations:

[0163] During normal operation of a base station, the following reasons may cause changes in link transmission delay and coverage:

[0164] Transmission failure: such as fiber jumper or fiber length change, which will cause transmission delay D trans changes.

[0165] RU failure: If an RU fails and is replaced, changes in hardware characteristics will cause transmission delays. trans and IQ data processing delay D iq changes have occurred.

[0166] Increase or decrease RU: Increase or decrease RUs at different distances will result in the RU coverage L cover and transmission delay D trans changes have occurred.

[0167] RU failure: If one of the multiple RUs fails, the coverage of the RU will be affected. cover and transmission delay D trans .

[0168] When the above changes occur, the delay and coverage parameters will be re-read, the new delay will be calculated, and it will be checked whether the delay has changed significantly. At this time, this application sets a delay change threshold D threshold (The default value is 0.3 microseconds, which corresponds to a coverage range of approximately 1 km). If the absolute value of the difference between the new and old delays exceeds the threshold, the coverage range will be recalculated and the zero-correlation parameters will be adjusted. The calculation method is the same as that described in step 103. The specific process is as follows Figure 3 and Figure 4 shown.

[0169] 2. Delay changes caused by temperature changes and equipment aging:

[0170] During the long-term operation of the base station, due to temperature changes and aging of optical fiber equipment, the transmission delay D trans and IQ data processing delay Diq The monitoring thread will detect the change of the delay according to the preset period. If the delay change exceeds the set threshold D threshold , the zero-correlation parameter adaptation process will be started to recalculate and update the zero-correlation parameters. The calculation method is consistent with that described in step 103. In addition, the monitoring thread can also periodically ensure that the zero-correlation parameters are corrected in the event of notification loss, thereby improving the robustness of the system. The specific process is as follows Figure 3 and Figure 4 shown.

[0171] 3. Set the threshold:

[0172] In the above process, the threshold D is set threshold The purpose is to prevent slight delay changes from frequently triggering the calculation of zero-correlated parameters. By combining the notification mechanism and periodic detection, the extra computational burden caused by too frequent calculations is avoided, and it is ensured that zero-correlated parameters can be corrected in time when changes occur, ensuring the stability and reliability of the system.

[0173] The following is a specific example of the implementation of the above method according to the present application, as shown below:

[0174] In remote rural areas, the settlements of villagers are scattered and sparsely populated. The high mountains isolate these settlements into isolated islands. This geographical feature makes distributed base stations an ideal communication coverage solution. The baseband unit (BBU) of the base station is deployed in the machine room in the center of the town (village). The remote radio unit (RU) is connected to each village settlement through optical fiber to provide signal coverage and solve local communication needs. Figure 5 shown.

[0175] 1. Base station deployment process:

[0176] Place the BBU in the computer room in the town (village) center;

[0177] The RU is connected to each village through three optical fibers to achieve signal coverage;

[0178] Power on the base station, start the base station, and start initializing zero-related parameters;

[0179] During the operation of the base station, the zero-correlation parameter adaptation step is continuously run to ensure the performance and stability of the base station.

[0180] 2. Maintenance process:

[0181] Fiber failure handling: If the fiber in Village C fails, the system will switch to the backup fiber to maintain the availability of the base station. At this time, when the fault notification is received, the zero-related parameters are automatically updated to ensure that communication is not affected.

[0182] RU fault handling: If the RU in village A fails, the RU device needs to be replaced. Due to the difference in RU hardware, the transmission delay and coverage may change. When a fault notification is received, the zero-related parameters are automatically adjusted to maintain communication quality.

[0183] Temperature change processing: In the hot summer, the RU equipment in Village C may experience performance degradation due to increased temperature, which in turn causes increased latency. The periodic monitoring thread detects changes in coverage and triggers the zero-correlation parameter adaptive algorithm to automatically adjust the zero-correlation parameters to ensure stable communication quality.

[0184] Through the above deployment and maintenance process, the system can automatically adjust zero-correlation parameters under different environmental changes and fault conditions to ensure the continuity and stability of communication.

[0185] The present application can calculate the total coverage range according to the system delay and coverage range parameters, and select the corresponding zero-correlation parameters according to the total coverage range, so that the baseband unit (BBU) deployed with the method of the present application can automatically adjust the relevant parameters, thereby improving the deployment and maintenance efficiency of the base station, reducing manual intervention and reducing maintenance costs.

[0186] like Fig. 9 , shows a zero-correlation parameter adaptation system of a distributed base station of the present application, the system comprising:

[0187] The module for obtaining system delay is used by BBU to measure the transmission delay on the RU side and obtain the system delay;

[0188] A coverage parameter acquisition module, used to acquire the coverage parameters of the RU side;

[0189] A total coverage calculation module, used for calculating the total coverage according to the coverage parameters;

[0190] An adaptive module is used to select corresponding zero-correlation parameters according to the total coverage range.

[0191] Specifically, the module for obtaining system delay is used to:

[0192] Measuring FPGA system delay D fpga , wherein the system delay D of the FPGA fpga Including the link digital signal processing delay D link and CPRI delay D cpri ;

[0193] Measuring high-speed AD and DA transceiver delay D adda ;

[0194] Calculate the total system delay D sys =D fpga +D adda .

[0195] Specifically, the module for calculating the total coverage is used to:

[0196] Calculate the delay D corresponding to the coverage area cover =(L cover / 0.3)us;

[0197] Calculate the total one-way delay D total =(D cover +D trans +D iq )us;

[0198] Calculate the total coverage L total =((L cover / 0.3+D trans +D iq )*0.3*0.5)Km.

[0199] The present application can calculate the total coverage range according to the system delay and coverage range parameters, and select the corresponding zero-correlation parameters according to the total coverage range, so that the baseband unit (BBU) deployed with the method of the present application can automatically adjust the relevant parameters, thereby improving the deployment and maintenance efficiency of the base station, reducing manual intervention and reducing maintenance costs.

[0200] Optionally, an embodiment of the present application further provides an electronic device, comprising: a processor, a memory, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the computer program is executed by the processor, the various processes of the above-mentioned method embodiment are implemented, and the same technical effect can be achieved. To avoid repetition, it will not be described here.

[0201] The embodiment of the present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, each process of the above method embodiment is implemented, and the same technical effect can be achieved. To avoid repetition, it is not repeated here. The computer-readable storage medium is, for example, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk.

[0202] Figure 7 800 is a block diagram of an electronic device 800 shown in the present application. For example, the electronic device 800 may be a mobile phone, a computer, a digital broadcast terminal, a messaging device, a game console, a tablet device, a medical device, a fitness device, a personal digital assistant, etc.

[0203] Reference Figure 7 , the electronic device 800 may include one or more of the following components: a processing component 802 , a memory 804 , a power component 806 , a multimedia component 808 , an audio component 810 , an input / output (I / O) interface 812 , a sensor component 814 , and a communication component 816 .

[0204] The processing component 802 generally controls the overall operation of the electronic device 800, such as operations associated with display, phone calls, data communications, camera operations, and recording operations. The processing component 802 may include one or more processors 820 to execute instructions to complete all or part of the steps of the above method. In addition, the processing component 802 may include one or more modules to facilitate the interaction between the processing component 802 and other components. For example, the processing component 802 may include a multimedia module to facilitate the interaction between the multimedia component 808 and the processing component 802.

[0205] The memory 804 is configured to store various types of data to support operations on the device 800. Examples of such data include instructions for any application or method operating on the electronic device 800, contact data, phone book data, messages, images, videos, etc. The memory 804 can be implemented by any type of volatile or non-volatile storage device or a combination thereof, such as static random access memory (SRAM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), read-only memory (ROM), magnetic memory, flash memory, magnetic disk or optical disk.

[0206] The power supply component 806 provides power to the various components of the electronic device 800. The power supply component 806 may include a power management system, one or more power supplies, and other components associated with generating, managing, and distributing power to the electronic device 800.

[0207] The multimedia component 808 includes a screen that provides an output interface between the electronic device 800 and the user. In some embodiments, the screen may include a liquid crystal display (LCD) and a touch panel (TP). If the screen includes a touch panel, the screen may be implemented as a touch screen to receive input signals from the user. The touch panel includes one or more touch sensors to sense touch, slide, and gestures on the touch panel. The touch sensor may not only sense the boundaries of the touch or slide action, but also detect the duration and pressure associated with the touch or slide operation. In some embodiments, the multimedia component 808 includes a front camera and / or a rear camera. When the device 800 is in an operating mode, such as a shooting mode or a video mode, the front camera and / or the rear camera may receive external multimedia data. Each front camera and the rear camera may be a fixed optical lens system or have a focal length and optical zoom capability.

[0208] The audio component 810 is configured to output and / or input audio signals. For example, the audio component 810 includes a microphone (MIC), and when the electronic device 800 is in an operating mode, such as a call mode, a recording mode, and a voice recognition mode, the microphone is configured to receive an external audio signal. The received audio signal can be further stored in the memory 804 or sent via the communication component 816. In some embodiments, the audio component 810 also includes a speaker for outputting audio signals.

[0209] I / O interface 812 provides an interface between processing component 802 and peripheral interface modules, such as keyboards, click wheels, buttons, etc. These buttons may include but are not limited to: a home button, a volume button, a start button, and a lock button.

[0210] The sensor assembly 814 includes one or more sensors for providing various aspects of status assessment for the electronic device 800. For example, the sensor assembly 814 can detect the open / closed state of the device 800, the relative positioning of components, such as the display and keypad of the electronic device 800, and the sensor assembly 814 can also detect the position change of the electronic device 800 or a component of the electronic device 800, the presence or absence of contact between the user and the electronic device 800, the orientation or acceleration / deceleration of the electronic device 800, and the temperature change of the electronic device 800. The sensor assembly 814 may include a proximity sensor configured to detect the presence of nearby objects without any physical contact. The sensor assembly 814 may also include an optical sensor, such as a CMOS or CCD image sensor, for use in imaging applications. In some embodiments, the sensor assembly 814 may also include an accelerometer, a gyroscope sensor, a magnetic sensor, a pressure sensor, or a temperature sensor.

[0211] The communication component 816 is configured to facilitate wired or wireless communication between the electronic device 800 and other devices. The electronic device 800 can access a wireless network based on a communication standard, such as WiFi, a carrier network (such as 2G, 3G, 4G or 5G), or a combination thereof. In an exemplary embodiment, the communication component 816 receives a broadcast signal or broadcast operation information from an external broadcast management system via a broadcast channel. In an exemplary embodiment, the communication component 816 also includes a near field communication (NFC) module to facilitate short-range communication. For example, the NFC module can be implemented based on radio frequency identification (RFID) technology, infrared data association (IrDA) technology, ultra-wideband (UWB) technology, Bluetooth (BT) technology and other technologies.

[0212] In an exemplary embodiment, the electronic device 800 may be implemented by one or more application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), digital signal processors (DSPs), digital signal processing devices (DSPDs), programmable logic devices (PLDs), field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), controllers, microcontrollers, microprocessors, or other electronic components to perform the above methods.

[0213] In an exemplary embodiment, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium including instructions is also provided, such as a memory 804 including instructions, and the instructions can be executed by a processor 820 of an electronic device 800 to perform the above method. For example, the non-transitory computer-readable storage medium can be a ROM, a random access memory (RAM), a CD-ROM, a magnetic tape, a floppy disk, an optical data storage device, etc.

[0214] Figure 8 19 is a block diagram of a computer-readable storage medium 1900 shown in the present application. For example, the computer-readable storage medium 1900 may be provided as a server.

[0215] Reference Figure 8 , the computer-readable storage medium 1900 includes a processing component 1922, which further includes one or more processors, and a memory resource represented by a memory 1932 for storing instructions, such as an application, that can be executed by the processing component 1922. The application stored in the memory 1932 may include one or more modules, each corresponding to a set of instructions. In addition, the processing component 1922 is configured to execute instructions to perform the above method.

[0216] The computer readable storage medium 1900 may also include a power supply component 1926 configured to perform power management of the computer readable storage medium 1900, a wired or wireless network interface 1950 configured to connect the computer readable storage medium 1900 to a network, and an input / output (I / O) interface 1958. The computer readable storage medium 1900 may operate based on an operating system stored in the memory 1932, such as Windows Server™, Mac OS X™, Unix™, Linux™, FreeBSD™ or the like.

[0217] It should be noted that, in this article, the terms "include", "comprises" or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, an element defined by the sentence "comprises a ..." does not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the element.

[0218] Through the description of the above implementation methods, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the above-mentioned embodiment methods can be implemented by means of software plus a necessary general hardware platform, and of course by hardware, but in many cases the former is a better implementation method. Based on such an understanding, the technical solution of the present application, or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium (such as ROM / RAM, a magnetic disk, or an optical disk), and includes a number of instructions for a terminal (which can be a mobile phone, a computer, a server, an air conditioner, or a network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in each embodiment of the present application.

[0219] The embodiments of the present application are described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present application is not limited to the above-mentioned specific implementation methods. The above-mentioned specific implementation methods are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Under the guidance of the present application, ordinary technicians in this field can also make many forms without departing from the purpose of the present application and the scope of protection of the claims, all of which are within the protection of the present application.

[0220] Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the units and algorithm steps of each example described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed in the present application can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are performed in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Professional and technical personnel can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered to be beyond the scope of this application.

[0221] Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that, for the convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the systems, devices and units described above can refer to the corresponding processes in the aforementioned method embodiments and will not be repeated here.

[0222] In the embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are only schematic. For example, the division of the units is only a logical function division. There may be other division methods in actual implementation, such as multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be through some interfaces, indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units, which can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0223] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.

[0224] In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.

[0225] If the functions are implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present application, or the part that contributes to the prior art or the part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions for a computer device (which can be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the methods described in each embodiment of the present application. The aforementioned storage medium includes: various media that can store program codes, such as USB flash drives, mobile hard drives, ROM, RAM, magnetic disks, or optical disks.

Claims

1. A zero-correlation parameter adaptation method for a distributed base station, characterized in that: The method comprises: The transmission delay at the radio frequency unit side is measured according to the baseband unit to obtain the total system delay; Obtaining coverage parameters of the radio frequency unit side; Calculating a first total coverage according to the coverage parameters; A corresponding zero-correlation parameter is selected according to the first total coverage range.

2. A distributed base station zero-correlation parameter adaptation method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission delay at the RF unit side is measured by the baseband unit to obtain the total system delay, including: Measuring the system delay of a field programmable gate array, wherein the system delay of the field programmable gate array includes the digital signal processing delay of the link and the transmission delay of the baseband unit measuring the radio frequency unit; Measure the latency of high-speed digital-to-analog converter transceivers; The sum of the system delay of the field programmable gate array and the high-speed digital-to-analog conversion transceiver delay is determined as the total system delay.

3. A distributed base station zero-correlation parameter adaptation method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: Calculating the first total coverage according to the coverage parameter comprises: According to the expression D cover =(L cover / 0.3) calculating the delay corresponding to the first total coverage area; Get the transmission delay D from the baseband unit to the radio unit trans and IQ data processing delay D iq , and according to the expression D total =D cover +D trans +D iq Calculate the total one-way delay; According to the expression L total =(L cover / 0.3+D trans +D iq )*0.3*0.5 The formula for calculating the first total coverage is: Among them, D cover represents the delay corresponding to the first total coverage, L cover Denotes the coverage parameter, D total Indicates the total one-way delay, D trans Denotes the transmission delay from the baseband unit to the radio frequency unit, D iq Indicates the IQ data processing delay, L total Indicates the first total coverage.

4. A distributed base station zero-correlation parameter adaptation method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: Monitoring the transmission delay and the change of the first total coverage; When a change is detected, the current transmission delay and current coverage parameters are re-read; Calculating a second total coverage based on the current transmission delay and the current coverage parameter; If the difference between the second total coverage area and the first total coverage area is greater than a preset threshold, the zero correlation parameter is updated.

5. A distributed base station zero-correlation parameter adaptation method as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The monitoring of the change of the transmission delay and the first total coverage includes: Monitor the changes in transmission delay in real time through monitoring programs; The transmission delay changes are monitored through a periodically running monitoring thread.

6. A distributed base station zero-correlation parameter adaptation method as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The conditions for triggering re-reading the transmission delay and the coverage parameter include: Fiber jumper changes caused by transmission failures; Changes in hardware characteristics caused by replacement of the RF unit; Coverage changes caused by adding or removing radio frequency units; Delay changes due to temperature changes or device aging.

7. A distributed base station zero-correlation parameter adaptation method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The step of measuring the transmission delay on the radio frequency unit side according to the baseband unit to obtain the total system delay includes: A maximum value of transmission delays among multiple radio frequency units connected to the baseband unit is selected, and a total system delay is calculated based on the maximum value of the transmission delays.

8. A zero-correlation parameter adaptive system for a distributed base station, characterized in that: The system comprises: The module for obtaining system delay is used for the baseband unit to measure the transmission delay on the radio frequency unit side and obtain the total system delay; A coverage parameter acquisition module, used to acquire the coverage parameters of the radio frequency unit side; A total coverage calculation module, used for calculating the total coverage according to the coverage parameters; An adaptive module is used to select corresponding zero-correlation parameters according to the total system delay and the total coverage range.

9. A distributed base station zero-correlation parameter adaptive system as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that: The module for obtaining system delay is used to: Measuring the system delay of a field programmable gate array, wherein the system delay of the field programmable gate array includes the digital signal processing delay of the link and the transmission delay of the baseband unit measuring the radio frequency unit; Measure the latency of high-speed digital-to-analog converter transceivers; The sum of the system delay of the field programmable gate array and the high-speed digital-to-analog conversion transceiver delay is determined as the total system delay.

10. A distributed base station zero-correlation parameter adaptive system as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that: The module for calculating total coverage is used for: According to the expression D cover =(L cover / 0.3) calculating the delay corresponding to the first total coverage area; Get the transmission delay D from the baseband unit to the radio unit trans and IQ data processing delay D iq , and according to the expression D total =D cover +D trans +D iq Calculate the total one-way delay; According to the expression L total =(L cover / 0.3+D trans +D iq )*0.3*0.5 The formula for calculating the first total coverage is: Among them, D cover represents the delay corresponding to the first total coverage, L cover Denotes the coverage parameter, D total Indicates the total one-way delay, D trans Denotes the transmission delay from the baseband unit to the radio frequency unit, D iq Indicates the IQ data processing delay, L total Indicates the first total coverage.

Images