Satellite route control switching method and system

Abstract

The invention discloses a satellite route management and control switching method and system, and belongs to the field of satellite communication, and the satellite route management and control switching method comprises the following steps: monitoring satellite signal quality, collecting satellite data, judging whether nodes need to be switched or not, and if yes, switching the nodes; the triggering condition comprises that the signal quality decline is lower than a threshold value, and the communication equipment is about to break away from the current satellite network coverage range; when nodes need to be switched, an optimal switching target is selected from the candidate nodes, the signal quality of the optimal switching target is judged, and if the signal quality meets the use requirement, compared with the prior art, the method has the beneficial effects that when the coverage edge overlapping area of the multiple satellite networks is too small and the signal quality is judged to be poor, the optimal switching target is selected from the candidate nodes; according to the method, the switching node is limited, the random switching of the node is not allowed in the set time, the set time can be adjusted according to the actual condition, different conditions are matched, and the problems of communication quality degradation, network resource waste, terminal energy consumption increase and the like are reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of satellite communication, and particularly relates to a satellite routing control and switching method and system. Background Art

[0002] In a satellite routing control system, the system dynamically selects the optimal access node (including adjacent satellites or ground base stations) for seamless switching according to real-time network communication quality indicators (such as signal strength, transmission delay, link load, etc.). However, when the overlapping area of the coverage edges of multiple satellite networks is too small (less than the distance required for the minimum stable connection), communication devices in this area will frequently trigger the switching mechanism due to signal fluctuations. This "ping-pong switching" phenomenon will cause the following problems:

[0003] 1. Deterioration of communication quality: Frequent switching increases signaling overhead, resulting in data transmission interruption and delay jitter;

[0004] 2. Waste of network resources: Repeatedly executing the switching process consumes the computing power of satellites and link bandwidth;

[0005] 3. Increase in terminal energy consumption: The device needs to continuously perform signal rescan and authentication operations, accelerating power consumption;

[0006] Therefore, it is necessary to improve the existing satellite routing control system that frequently triggers the switching mechanism due to signal fluctuations. Summary of the Invention

[0007] Based on this, it is necessary to provide a satellite routing control and switching method and system for the above problems.

[0008] An embodiment of the present invention is implemented as follows. A satellite routing control and switching method includes the following steps:

[0009] Monitor the satellite signal quality, collect satellite data, and determine whether to switch nodes (including adjacent satellites or ground base stations). The triggering conditions include: the signal quality drops below the threshold (such as the signal strength is lower than the threshold, and the bit error rate exceeds the tolerance range), and the communication device is about to leave the coverage range of the current satellite network (such as a low-earth orbit satellite moving rapidly);

[0010] When it is necessary to switch nodes, select the optimal switching target from the candidate nodes, and determine the signal quality of the optimal switching target. If the signal quality meets the usage requirements, coordinate the communication device to switch to the optimal switching target through a control plane protocol (such as an SDN controller or distributed signaling);

[0011] If the signal quality does not meet the usage requirements, select the future optimal switching target from the candidate nodes based on the moving path of the communication device, coordinate the communication device to switch to the future optimal switching target through a control plane protocol, and within a set time, do not change the node again.

[0012] In one embodiment, the present invention provides a satellite routing control and switching method, which monitors the satellite signal quality, collects satellite data, and determines whether to switch nodes. The triggering conditions include: the signal quality drops below a threshold, and the communication device is about to leave the current satellite network coverage area. Specifically, it includes:

[0013] The DSP (Digital Signal Processor) built in the communication module is used to collect the satellite signal quality in real time. The signal quality includes signal strength (RSSI), bit error rate (BER), and time delay. The instantaneous noise is filtered through a sliding window algorithm (such as a 5-second moving average). If the signal quality detection fails continuously for 3 times (such as RSSI < -90dBm), a signal quality alarm is triggered, and a node switch is required;

[0014] The satellite ephemeris (such as TLE orbit parameters) and the GNSS positioning data of the communication device are integrated. Based on the SGP4 / SDP4 orbit prediction algorithm, the relative motion trajectory between the satellite and the communication device is calculated. Combining with the geometric visibility model (such as satellite elevation angle > 5°), the remaining coverage time is predicted. If the remaining time is lower than the safety threshold (such as the remaining satellite communication coverage < 30 seconds), a coverage alarm is triggered, and a node switch is required.

[0015] In one embodiment, the present invention provides a satellite routing control and switching method. When a node switch is required, the optimal switching target is selected from the candidate nodes, and the signal quality of the optimal switching target is judged. If the signal quality meets the usage requirements, the communication device is coordinated to switch to the optimal switching target through a control plane protocol (such as an SDN controller or distributed signaling). Specifically, it includes:

[0016] When a node switch is required, the optimal switching target is selected from the candidate nodes. The selection indicators of the candidate nodes include signal quality (such as real-time signal strength, time delay, bit error rate), load status (such as bandwidth utilization rate), and the time to cover the communication device; combining the satellite orbit parameters (ephemeris) and the position / velocity of the communication device, the time for the candidate node to cover the communication device is predicted using an orbit dynamics model (such as the SGP4 algorithm);

[0017] A fuzzy logic controller or a lightweight machine learning model (such as linear regression) is used to dynamically calculate weights according to real-time input parameters (when the device is moving at high speed, such as an airplane, the coverage time weight is increased to 50% - 60%, and the signal strength weight is reduced to 20% - 30% to extend the stable connection duration; when the network is highly loaded, such as satellite link congestion, the load balancing weight is increased to 40%, and at the same time the time delay weight is reduced to avoid congestion deterioration; in a business-sensitive scenario such as emergency communication, the signal quality accounts for more than 70%, sacrificing part of the coverage time to ensure reliability) to judge the priority of the candidate nodes;

[0018] Judge the signal quality of the optimal handover target, send a low-priority probe message to the optimal handover target (compared with the data transmitted in normal communication), measure the stability and round-trip delay of the optimal handover target, confirm the actual availability of the optimal handover target, and if the signal quality of the optimal handover target meets the usage requirements, coordinate the communication device to switch to the optimal handover target through the control plane protocol (for example, the SDN controller coordinates the target node to reserve bandwidth resources, or resource negotiation is completed through distributed signaling).

[0019] In one embodiment, the present invention provides a satellite routing control handover method. In the step of, if the signal quality does not meet the usage requirements, based on the moving path of the communication device, select the future optimal handover target from the candidate nodes, and coordinate the communication device to switch to the future optimal handover target through the control plane protocol, and within a set time, no longer change the node, which specifically includes:

[0020] If the signal quality does not meet the usage requirements, evaluate the severity of the network coverage problem (according to indicators such as historical link handover frequency and average signal quality of candidate nodes), and divide it into mild problems and severe problems; if it is a mild problem (such as local signal fluctuations), the set time is the first time (such as 10 seconds); if it is a severe problem (such as a satellite group coverage blind area), the set time is the second time (such as 60 seconds), and start the communication degradation fault tolerance mechanism (such as switching to a low-rate coding);

[0021] Based on the moving path of the communication device (such as GPS trajectory) and satellite ephemeris, use a machine learning model (such as LSTM) to predict the candidate node with the best coverage within the next 30 seconds. The candidate node with the predicted signal quality meeting the standard and the longest coverage time is the future optimal handover target; if all prediction results do not meet the standard, select the relatively future optimal handover target among the candidate nodes, and enable multi-node redundancy (such as connecting to satellites and ground stations simultaneously) to ensure basic communication;

[0022] Coordinate the communication device to switch to the target node (the future optimal handover target or the relatively future optimal handover target) through the control plane protocol. Within the set time, only survival handovers (such as complete signal interruption) are allowed, and node handovers triggered by normal network communication quality are prohibited.

[0023] In one embodiment, the present invention provides a satellite routing control handover method. In the step of, if the signal quality does not meet the usage requirements, based on the moving path of the communication device, select the future optimal handover target from the candidate nodes, and coordinate the communication device to switch to the future optimal handover target through the control plane protocol, and within a set time, no longer change the node, further including:

[0024] Based on real-time signal quality and service priorities (such as adjusting the locking time for emergency communications), adjust the first time and the second time through an exponential backoff algorithm (for example, initially lock for 10 seconds for minor problems. If the signal continues to fluctuate during this period, extend it by 50% each time, 10s → 15s → 22.5s until the network returns to stability);

[0025] Predict the signal quality recovery time through an LSTM model (such as the probability of signal recovery within the next 20 seconds). Based on the predicted recovery probability, adjust the first time and the second time (for example, if the predicted recovery probability > 80%, shorten the locking time to 80% of the predicted value; if the probability < 30%, extend the locking time to 1.5 times the predicted value).

[0026] In one embodiment, the present invention provides a satellite routing control and switching system, including:

[0027] A node switching judgment module, used to monitor the satellite signal quality, collect satellite data, and judge whether to switch nodes (including adjacent satellites or ground base stations). The triggering conditions include: the signal quality drops below a threshold (such as the signal strength is lower than the threshold, and the bit error rate exceeds the tolerance range), and the communication device is about to leave the current satellite network coverage area (such as the rapid movement of low-earth orbit satellites);

[0028] An optimal communication processing module, used to select the optimal switching target from candidate nodes when a node needs to be switched, and judge the signal quality of the optimal switching target. If the signal quality meets the usage requirements, coordinate the communication device to switch to the optimal switching target through a control plane protocol (such as an SDN controller or distributed signaling);

[0029] A communication restriction processing module, used to select the future optimal switching target from candidate nodes based on the movement path of the communication device if the signal quality does not meet the usage requirements, coordinate the communication device to switch to the future optimal switching target through a control plane protocol, and within a set time, no longer change nodes.

[0030] In one embodiment, the present invention provides a satellite routing control and switching system. The node switching judgment module includes:

[0031] A signal quality judgment unit, used to use the DSP (Digital Signal Processor) built in the communication module to collect the satellite signal quality in real time. The signal quality includes signal strength (RSSI), bit error rate (BER), and delay. Filter instantaneous noise through a sliding window algorithm (such as a 5-second moving average). If the signal quality detection fails continuously for 3 times (such as RSSI < -90dBm), trigger a signal quality alarm and a node switch is required;

[0032] A communication coverage judgment unit is used to integrate satellite ephemeris (such as TLE orbit parameters) and GNSS positioning data of communication devices, calculate the relative motion trajectory between the satellite and the communication device based on the SGP4 / SDP4 orbit prediction algorithm, combine the geometric visibility model (such as satellite elevation angle > 5°) to predict the remaining coverage time. If the remaining time is lower than the safety threshold (such as remaining satellite communication coverage < 30 seconds), a coverage alarm is triggered and a node switch is required.

[0033] In one embodiment, the present invention provides a satellite routing control and switching system. The optimal communication processing module includes:

[0034] A node selection unit is used to select the optimal switching target from candidate nodes when a node switch is required. The selection indicators of candidate nodes include signal quality (such as real-time signal strength, delay, bit error rate), load status (such as bandwidth utilization rate), and the time to cover the communication device; combining satellite orbit parameters (ephemeris) and the position / velocity of the communication device, using the orbit dynamics model (such as the SGP4 algorithm) to predict the time for candidate nodes to cover the communication device;

[0035] A calculation weight adjustment unit is used to adopt a fuzzy logic controller or a lightweight machine learning model (such as linear regression) to dynamically calculate weights according to real-time input parameters (when the device moves at high speed, such as an airplane, the coverage time weight is increased to 50% - 60%, and the signal strength weight is reduced to 20% - 30% to extend the stable connection duration; when the network is highly loaded, such as satellite link congestion, the load balancing weight is increased to 40%, and at the same time the delay weight is reduced to avoid congestion deterioration; in business-sensitive scenarios such as emergency communication, the signal quality accounts for more than 70%, sacrificing part of the coverage time to ensure reliability) to judge the priority of candidate nodes;

[0036] A node switching unit is used to judge the signal quality of the optimal switching target, send a low-priority probe message to the optimal switching target, measure the stability and round-trip delay of the optimal switching target, confirm the actual availability of the optimal switching target. If the signal quality of the optimal switching target meets the usage requirements, coordinate the communication device to switch to the optimal switching target through the control plane protocol (for example, the SDN controller coordinates the target node to reserve bandwidth resources, or resource negotiation is completed through distributed signaling).

[0037] In one embodiment, the present invention provides a satellite routing control and switching system. The communication restriction processing module includes:

[0038] A severity judgment unit, which is used to evaluate the severity of network coverage problems (based on indicators such as historical link switching frequency and average signal quality of candidate nodes) if the signal quality does not meet the usage requirements, and is divided into minor problems and major problems; if it is a minor problem (such as local signal fluctuations), the set time is the first time (such as 10 seconds); if it is a major problem (such as a coverage blind area of a satellite group), the set time is the second time (such as 60 seconds), and a communication degradation fault tolerance mechanism (such as switching to a low-rate coding) is started;

[0039] A future prediction unit, which is used to predict the candidate node with the best coverage within the next 30 seconds based on the moving path of the communication device (such as GPS trajectory) and satellite ephemeris, and use a machine learning model (such as LSTM); the candidate node with the predicted signal quality meeting the standard and the longest coverage time is the future optimal handover target; if the prediction results do not meet the standard, select the relatively future optimal handover target among the candidate nodes, and enable multi-node redundancy (such as connecting to satellites and ground stations simultaneously) to ensure basic communication;

[0040] A handover restriction unit, which is used to coordinate the communication device to switch to the target node (the future optimal handover target or the relatively future optimal handover target) through the control plane protocol, and within the set time, only survival handovers (such as complete signal interruption) are allowed, and node handovers triggered by the quality of conventional network communication are prohibited.

[0041] In one embodiment, the present invention provides a satellite routing control and switching system, and the communication restriction processing module further includes:

[0042] A first time adjustment unit, which is used to adjust the first time and the second time through an exponential backoff algorithm based on the real-time signal quality and service priority (such as emergency communication requires adjusting the locking time) (for example, initially locking for 10 seconds for minor problems, if the signal continues to fluctuate during this period, each time it is extended by 50%, 10s → 15s → 22.5s, until the network returns to stability);

[0043] A second time adjustment unit, which is used to predict the signal quality recovery time through an LSTM model (such as the probability of signal recovery within the next 20 seconds), and adjust the first time and the second time based on the predicted recovery probability (for example, if the predicted recovery probability > 80%, the locking time is shortened to 80% of the predicted value; if the probability < 30%, the locking time is extended to 1.5 times the predicted value).

[0044] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: when the overlapping area of the coverage edges of multiple satellite networks is too small and the signal quality is judged to be poor, the present invention restricts the handover nodes, does not allow random node handovers within the set time, and the set time will be adjusted according to the actual situation to match different situations, reducing problems such as communication quality degradation, network resource waste, and increased terminal energy consumption. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0045] Figure 1 It is a schematic flow chart of a satellite routing control switching method provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0046] Figure 2 It is a schematic flow chart of determining whether a node needs to be switched provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0047] Figure 3 It is a schematic flow chart of selecting an optimal switching target from candidate nodes provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0048] Figure 4 It is a schematic flow chart of restricting a switching node provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0049] Figure 5 It is a schematic flow chart of setting time adjustment provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0050] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of a satellite routing control switching system provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0051] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of a node switching judgment module provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0052] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of an optimal communication processing module provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0053] Figure 9 It is a first - part schematic diagram of a communication restriction processing module provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0054] Figure 10 It is a second - part schematic diagram of a communication restriction processing module provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed implementation manners

[0055] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0056] It can be understood that the terms "first", "second", etc. used in this application may be used herein to describe various elements, but unless otherwise specified, these elements are not limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another. For example, without departing from the scope of this application, the first xx script may be called the second xx script, and similarly, the second xx script may be called the first xx script.

[0057] In one embodiment, as Figure 1As shown, a satellite routing control and switching method includes the following steps:

[0058] Step S1: Monitor the satellite signal quality, collect satellite data, and determine whether to switch nodes (including adjacent satellites or ground base stations). The triggering conditions include: the signal quality drops below the threshold (such as the signal strength is lower than the threshold, and the bit error rate exceeds the tolerance range), and the communication device is about to move out of the coverage range of the current satellite network (such as the rapid movement of low-earth orbit satellites).

[0059] Step S2: When a node needs to be switched, select the optimal switching target from the candidate nodes, and judge the signal quality of the optimal switching target. If the signal quality meets the usage requirements, coordinate the communication device to switch to the optimal switching target through the control plane protocol (such as SDN controller or distributed signaling).

[0060] Step S3: If the signal quality does not meet the usage requirements, based on the movement path of the communication device, select the future optimal switching target from the candidate nodes, coordinate the communication device to switch to the future optimal switching target through the control plane protocol, and within a set time, do not change the node again.

[0061] Step S1 adopts a dual monitoring mechanism (real-time signal quality + orbit prediction) to ensure the timeliness and accuracy of the handover decision. It uses DSP hardware-level signal acquisition and sliding window algorithm to eliminate instantaneous interference and avoid false triggering. Combining satellite ephemeris with SGP4 / SDP4 dynamic models to predict the coverage time, and establishing an early warning mechanism at the physical movement level. The two together constitute the hard indicators for triggering the handover. Step S2 introduces dynamic weight adjustment to solve the complexity of handover target selection. It realizes intelligent weighting of multi-dimensional parameters (signal quality, load, coverage duration) through fuzzy logic / machine learning, and adaptively adjusts the decision-making dimension according to scenarios such as moving speed and service type (such as emphasizing the coverage time weight in the aircraft scenario). It not only avoids frequent handovers caused by simply relying on signal strength but also avoids orbit prediction errors through the detection message measurement mechanism. Step S3 constructs a fault grading response system. For temporary signal degradation, it uses LSTM prediction to lock the "future optimal node", and breaks the vicious cycle of "handover - degradation - re-handover" by setting a prohibited handover time window (adjustable from 10 to 60 seconds). For deep coverage blind spots, it starts multi-node redundancy and communication degradation, combines the exponential backoff algorithm to dynamically adjust the locking period, optimizes resource allocation while ensuring basic communication by using AI to predict the signal recovery probability, and balances the handover timeliness, network stability and resource utilization efficiency.

[0062] In one embodiment, such as Figure 2As shown, a satellite routing control and switching method. In step S1, the satellite signal quality is monitored, and satellite data is collected to determine whether a node needs to be switched. The triggering conditions include: the signal quality drops below the threshold, and the communication device is about to move out of the coverage range of the current satellite network. Specifically, the steps include:

[0063] Step S11: Use the DSP (Digital Signal Processor) built into the communication module to collect the satellite signal quality in real time. The signal quality includes signal strength (RSSI), bit error rate (BER), and time delay. The instantaneous noise is filtered through a sliding window algorithm (such as a 5-second moving average). If the signal quality detection fails continuously for 3 times (such as RSSI < -90dBm), a signal quality alarm is triggered, and a node needs to be switched.

[0064] Step S12: Integrate the satellite ephemeris (such as TLE orbit parameters) and the GNSS positioning data of the communication device, calculate the relative motion trajectory of the satellite and the communication device based on the SGP4 / SDP4 orbit prediction algorithm, and predict the remaining coverage time in combination with the geometric visibility model (such as the satellite elevation angle > 5°). If the remaining time is lower than the safety threshold (such as the remaining satellite communication coverage < 30 seconds), a coverage alarm is triggered, and a node needs to be switched.

[0065] Step S11 focuses on real-time signal stability detection: Based on the high-frequency sampling ability of the DSP hardware (such as millisecond-level signal acquisition), the underlying indicators such as signal strength and bit error rate are captured in real time. The sudden interference (such as ionospheric scintillation or device jitter) is filtered through a sliding window algorithm (5-second moving average). At the same time, the triggering condition of continuous 3 failed detections (such as RSSI < -90dBm) is set to avoid single abnormal misjudgment and ensure that the alarm is only activated when the signal deteriorates continuously, reducing the probability of ineffective switching. Step S12 focuses on predicting the coverage time: Use the satellite ephemeris (TLE orbit parameters) and GNSS positioning data to establish a space-time coordinate system, accurately calculate the dynamic relative position of the satellite and the device through the SGP4 / SDP4 orbit model, combine the geometric visibility model (elevation angle > 5°) to eliminate theoretically invisible nodes, and predict the remaining coverage time based on orbital dynamics (such as the countdown to coverage disconnection caused by satellite movement). When the remaining time is lower than the safety threshold (such as 30 seconds), a switching warning is triggered in advance to solve the problem of sudden coverage changes caused by the high-speed movement of low-earth orbit satellites. Step S11 deals with sudden communication quality degradation (such as occlusion attenuation), and step S12 prevents deterministic coverage interruption (such as satellite departure). The two steps complement each other.

[0066] In one embodiment, such as Figure 3As shown, a satellite routing control and switching method. In step S2, when a node needs to be switched, the optimal switching target is selected from the candidate nodes, and the signal quality of the optimal switching target is judged. If the signal quality meets the usage requirements, in the step of coordinating the communication device to switch to the optimal switching target through a control plane protocol (such as an SDN controller or distributed signaling), it specifically includes:

[0067] Step S21, when a node needs to be switched, the optimal switching target is selected from the candidate nodes. The selection indicators of the candidate nodes include signal quality (such as real-time signal strength, delay, bit error rate), load status (such as bandwidth utilization rate), and the time to cover the communication device; combining the satellite orbit parameters (ephemeris) and the position / velocity of the communication device, using an orbit dynamics model (such as the SGP4 algorithm) to predict the time for the candidate node to cover the communication device;

[0068] Step S22, using a fuzzy logic controller or a lightweight machine learning model (such as linear regression), dynamically calculate the weights according to the real-time input parameters (when the device moves at high speed, such as an airplane, the weight of the coverage time is increased to 50%-60%, and the weight of the signal strength is reduced to 20%-30% to extend the stable connection duration; when the network is highly loaded, such as satellite link congestion, the load balancing weight is increased to 40%, and at the same time the delay weight is reduced to avoid congestion deterioration; in business-sensitive scenarios such as emergency communication, the signal quality accounts for more than 70%, sacrificing part of the coverage time to ensure reliability) to judge the priority of the candidate nodes;

[0069] Step S23, judge the signal quality of the optimal switching target, send a low-priority probe message to the optimal switching target (compared with the data transmitted in normal communication), measure the stability and round-trip delay of the optimal switching target, confirm the actual availability of the optimal switching target. If the signal quality of the optimal switching target meets the usage requirements, coordinate the communication device to switch to the optimal switching target through a control plane protocol (for example, the SDN controller coordinates the target node to reserve bandwidth resources, or resource negotiation is completed through distributed signaling).

[0070] Step S21 constructs a multi-dimensional screening framework for candidate nodes: integrating real-time signal quality (RSSI, BER, latency), network load (bandwidth utilization), and coverage time prediction (based on the SGP4 orbital model) to avoid single-index deviation (such as selecting only satellites with high signals but about to leave the country), and predicting the sustainable service ability of candidate nodes through a dynamic model to exclude nodes that are available in the short term but unstable in the long term at the source. Step S22 introduces scenario-adaptive intelligent decision-making: using fuzzy logic or lightweight machine learning models to dynamically adjust weight parameters according to the real-time scenario (such as increasing the coverage time weight to 50%-60% when the moving speed is high and reducing the dependence on instantaneous signal strength), which not only solves the problem of the traditional fixed-weight strategy being out of touch with the environment but also ensures decision-making real-time performance through low computational overhead, achieving differentiated goals such as "stability first in high-dynamic scenarios" and "resource balance in high-load scenarios". Step S23 compensates for prediction errors through a lightweight detection and verification mechanism: sending low-priority detection messages to the optimal target to measure its actual communication metrics (latency, packet loss rate), avoiding the problem of theoretical optimality but actual unavailability caused by orbital model deviation or instantaneous load mutation, and ensuring the reliability of handover decisions. The cooperation of the three steps reduces the risk of handover failure while improving resource utilization efficiency.

[0071] In one embodiment, as Figure 4 shown, a satellite routing control handover method, in step S3 of which, if the signal quality does not meet the usage requirements, based on the moving path of the communication device, select the future optimal handover target from the candidate nodes, and coordinate the communication device to switch to the future optimal handover target through the control plane protocol, and within a set time, no longer change the node. The steps specifically include:

[0072] Step S31, if the signal quality does not meet the usage requirements, evaluate the severity of the network coverage problem (according to indicators such as historical link handover frequency and average signal quality of candidate nodes), and divide it into mild problems and severe problems; if it is a mild problem (such as local signal fluctuations), the set time is the first time (such as 10 seconds); if it is a severe problem (such as satellite group coverage blind area), the set time is the second time (such as 60 seconds), and start the communication degradation fault tolerance mechanism (such as switching to low-rate coding);

[0073] Step S32, based on the moving path of the communication device (such as GPS trajectory) and satellite ephemeris, use a machine learning model (such as LSTM) to predict the candidate node with the best coverage within the next 30 seconds. The candidate node with the predicted signal quality meeting the standard and the longest coverage time is the future optimal handover target; if the prediction results do not meet the standard, select the relatively future optimal handover target among the candidate nodes and enable multi-node redundancy (such as connecting to satellites and ground stations simultaneously) to ensure basic communication;

[0074] Step S33: Coordinate the communication device to switch to the target node (the future optimal handover target or the relatively future optimal handover target) through the control plane protocol. Within a set time, only allow survivability handovers (such as complete signal interruption), and prohibit node handovers triggered by conventional network communication quality.

[0075] Step S31 first differentiates the severity of the problem based on the historical handover frequency and candidate node quality (such as average signal strength): set a short lock time (such as 10 seconds) for minor fluctuations (such as short-term occlusion) to avoid frequent handovers, while for severe problems (such as satellite coverage blind spots), extend the lock time (such as 60 seconds) and initiate degradation fault tolerance (such as low-rate coding), and balance service continuity and resource consumption through differential responses. Step S32 is based on the device's movement trajectory and satellite ephemeris, and uses the LSTM model to predict the node with the longest signal compliance and coverage time within the next 30 seconds. If all predictions do not meet the standards, enable multi-node redundancy (such as satellite + ground station dual connection), and cope with coverage uncertainty through spatio-temporal prediction and redundancy backup to avoid communication interruption. Step S33 enforces a locked handover strategy: within a set time, only allow survivability handovers (such as complete disconnection), prohibit handovers triggered by conventional quality, and dynamically adjust the lock period in combination with the exponential backoff algorithm (such as extending the lock time if the signal continues to fluctuate) to avoid cyclic handovers.

[0076] In one embodiment, as Figure 5 shown, for a satellite routing control handover method, in step S3, if the signal quality does not meet the usage requirements, based on the movement path of the communication device, select the future optimal handover target from the candidate nodes, coordinate the communication device to switch to the future optimal handover target through the control plane protocol, and within a set time, no longer change the node. The steps further include:

[0077] Step S34: Based on the real-time signal quality and service priority (such as adjusting the lock time for emergency communication), adjust the first time and the second time through the exponential backoff algorithm (for example, initially lock for 10 seconds for minor problems, if the signal continues to fluctuate during this period, extend it by 50% each time, 10s → 15s → 22.5s, until the network returns to stability);

[0078] Step S35: Predict the signal quality recovery time (such as the probability of signal recovery within the next 20 seconds) through the LSTM model, and adjust the first time and the second time based on the predicted recovery probability (for example, if the predicted recovery probability > 80%, shorten the lock time to 80% of the predicted value; if the probability < 30%, extend the lock time to 1.5 times the predicted value).

[0079] Step S34 adopts an exponential backoff mechanism to respond to real-time signal fluctuations: Dynamically adjust the locking period according to the service priority (e.g., emergency communication requires shortening the locking time) and the current signal quality (e.g., initially lock for 10 seconds for minor problems, and extend it by 50% each time if the signal continues to fluctuate), avoiding premature unlocking caused by a fixed duration that may lead to secondary handovers or excessive locking and wasting resources, and achieving a dynamic balance between stability and efficiency. Step S35 introduces an LSTM prediction model to break through the limitations of passive response: By analyzing historical signal data and real-time trajectories, predict the future signal recovery probability (e.g., if the probability of recovery within 20 seconds is >80%, then shorten the lock to 80% of the predicted value), upgrade the locking time from a static threshold to a probability-driven elastic parameter. If the predicted recovery probability is low (e.g., <30%), then extend the lock to 1.5 times the predicted value and initiate the redundant plan in advance. The two complement each other: Step S34 corrects the locking strategy in real time based on the current state, and step S35 pre-adjusts the parameters through future predictions, which not only solves the adaptability problem of short-term signal fluctuations but also avoids the chain risk of long-term coverage interruption, improving the communication resilience in complex environments.

[0080] In one embodiment, as Figure 6 shown, a satellite routing control and switching system includes:

[0081] A node switching judgment module 1, which is used to monitor the satellite signal quality, collect satellite data, and judge whether to switch nodes (including adjacent satellites or ground base stations). The triggering conditions include: the signal quality drops below the threshold (such as the signal strength is lower than the threshold, and the bit error rate exceeds the tolerance range), and the communication device is about to move out of the current satellite network coverage area (such as a low-earth orbit satellite moving rapidly);

[0082] An optimal communication processing module 2, which is used to select the optimal switching target from the candidate nodes when a node needs to be switched, and judge the signal quality of the optimal switching target. If the signal quality meets the usage requirements, coordinate the communication device to switch to the optimal switching target through the control plane protocol (such as an SDN controller or distributed signaling);

[0083] A communication restriction processing module 3, which is used to select the future optimal switching target from the candidate nodes based on the moving path of the communication device if the signal quality does not meet the usage requirements, coordinate the communication device to switch to the future optimal switching target through the control plane protocol, and within a set time, no longer change the node.

[0084] When targeting low-power communication devices (such as drones or IoT terminals), nodes with lower communication energy consumption (such as ground base stations instead of satellites) can be preferentially selected. In the communication restriction processing module 3, the redundant connection mode can be dynamically adjusted according to the power threshold (such as only retaining a single link when the power is insufficient), thereby extending the device's battery life.

[0085] In one embodiment, asFigure 7 As shown, a satellite routing control and switching system, the node switching judgment module 1 includes:

[0086] The signal quality judgment unit 11 is used to use the DSP (digital signal processor) built into the communication module to collect satellite signal quality in real time. The signal quality includes signal strength (RSSI), bit error rate (BER), and delay. The transient noise is filtered out using a sliding window algorithm (such as a 5-second moving average). If the signal quality fails to meet the requirements for three consecutive times (such as RSSI < −90 dBm), a signal quality alarm is triggered, requiring node switching.

[0087] The communication coverage judgment unit 12 is used to integrate satellite ephemeris (such as TLE orbit parameters) and GNSS positioning data of the communication equipment, calculate the relative motion trajectory of the satellite and the communication equipment based on the SGP4 / SDP4 orbit prediction algorithm, and predict the remaining coverage time in combination with the geometric visibility model (such as satellite elevation angle > 5°). If the remaining time is lower than the safety threshold (such as satellite communication coverage remaining < 30 seconds), a coverage alarm is triggered and the node needs to be switched.

[0088] It is also possible to integrate space weather data (such as the solar activity index) into the coverage time prediction of the communication coverage judgment unit 12 to predict the impact of ionospheric storms on the stability of satellite links, and to correct the remaining coverage time threshold in advance (such as increasing the safety threshold from 30 seconds to 45 seconds under strong interference), thereby enhancing the reliability of decision-making in complex electromagnetic environments.

[0089] In one embodiment, Figure 8 As shown, a satellite routing control and switching system, the optimal communication processing module 2 includes:

[0090] The node selection unit 21 is used to select the optimal switching target from candidate nodes when a node switching is required. The selection criteria of the candidate node include signal quality (such as real-time signal strength, delay, bit error rate), load status (such as bandwidth utilization), and coverage time of the communication device. The coverage time of the candidate node is predicted using an orbital dynamics model (such as the SGP4 algorithm) based on the satellite orbit parameters (ephemeris) and the position / velocity of the communication device.

[0091] The calculation weight adjustment unit 22 is used to use a fuzzy logic controller or a lightweight machine learning model (such as linear regression) to dynamically calculate weights based on real-time input parameters (when the device is moving at high speed, such as an airplane, the coverage time weight is increased to 50%-60%, and the signal strength weight is reduced to 20%-30% to extend the stable connection time; when the network is highly loaded, such as when the satellite link is congested, the load balancing weight is increased to 40%, while the latency weight is reduced to avoid worsening congestion; in business-sensitive scenarios such as emergency communications, signal quality accounts for more than 70%, and some coverage time is sacrificed to ensure reliability) to determine the priority of the candidate node;

[0092] The node switching unit 23 is used to judge the signal quality of the optimal switching target, send a low-priority detection message to the optimal switching target, measure the stability and round-trip delay of the optimal switching target, confirm the actual availability of the optimal switching target, and if the signal quality of the optimal switching target meets the usage requirements, coordinate the communication device to switch to the optimal switching target through the control plane protocol (for example, the SDN controller coordinates the target node to reserve bandwidth resources, or resource negotiation is completed through distributed signaling).

[0093] The node switching unit 23 can be extended to a multi-candidate node parallel detection mechanism: based on the priority sorting of the calculation weight adjustment unit 22, synchronously send low-priority detection messages to the top N candidate nodes (such as the top three), and dynamically determine the final switching target through competition response (such as the shortest delay or the lowest packet loss rate).

[0094] In one embodiment, as Figure 9 shown, a satellite routing control and switching system, the communication restriction processing module 3 includes:

[0095] The severity judgment unit 31 is used to evaluate the severity of the network coverage problem (according to indicators such as historical link switching frequency and average signal quality of candidate nodes) if the signal quality does not meet the usage requirements, and classify it into mild problems and severe problems; if it is a mild problem (such as local signal fluctuations), set the time to the first time (such as 10 seconds); if it is a severe problem (such as a satellite group coverage blind area), set the time to the second time (such as 60 seconds), and start the communication degradation fault tolerance mechanism (such as switching to a low-rate coding);

[0096] The future prediction unit 32 is used to predict the candidate node with the best coverage within the next 30 seconds based on the moving path of the communication device (such as GPS trajectory) and satellite ephemeris, and use a machine learning model (such as LSTM). The candidate node with the predicted signal quality meeting the standard and the longest coverage time is the future optimal switching target; if the prediction results do not meet the standard, select the relatively future optimal switching target among the candidate nodes, and enable multi-node redundancy (such as connecting to satellites and ground stations simultaneously) to ensure basic communication;

[0097] The switching restriction unit 33 is used to coordinate the communication device to switch to the target node (the future optimal switching target or the relatively future optimal switching target) through the control plane protocol. Within the set time, only survival switching (such as complete signal interruption) is allowed, and node switching triggered by normal network communication quality is prohibited.

[0098] The future prediction unit 32 sets a 30-second prediction window, mainly based on the balance between the coverage dynamics of low-earth orbit satellites and the real-time nature of decision-making. Low-earth orbit satellites usually move at a high speed of 7-8 km / s, and the ground coverage time of a single satellite is about 3-5 minutes. The 30-second window can cover 5%-10% of its effective service period, which is sufficient to capture the alternating coverage trend of the satellite constellation (such as the continuity of the Starlink constellation), and at the same time avoid a significant increase in orbital cumulative error caused by too long a prediction. At the same time, the 30-second window adapts to the short-term time series prediction advantage of the LSTM model, taking into account both computational efficiency and prediction accuracy, ensuring that switching execution time is reserved before the satellite exits coverage (such as reserving 10 seconds for detection and resource negotiation) to avoid prediction failure.

[0099] In one embodiment, as Figure 10 shown, for a satellite routing control and switching system, the communication restriction processing module 3 further includes:

[0100] A first time adjustment unit 34, configured to adjust the first time and the second time through an exponential backoff algorithm based on real-time signal quality and service priority (such as emergency communication requiring adjustment of the locking time) (for example, initially locking for 10 seconds for minor problems, and if the signal continues to fluctuate during this period, each time it is extended by 50%, 10s → 15s → 22.5s until the network returns to stability);

[0101] A second time adjustment unit 35, configured to predict the signal quality recovery time through an LSTM model (such as the probability of signal recovery within the next 20 seconds), and adjust the first time and the second time based on the predicted recovery probability (for example, if the predicted recovery probability > 80%, the locking time is shortened to 80% of the predicted value; if the probability < 30%, the locking time is extended to 1.5 times the predicted value).

[0102] Specific implementation examples of the second time adjustment unit 35 are as follows: construct a multi-dimensional time series dataset including historical signal quality (RSSI, BER), device movement trajectory (GPS coordinates, velocity vector), satellite orbit parameters (ephemeris), and environmental data (space weather index), and form a time series input at a sampling interval of 5 seconds; secondly, design a two-layer LSTM network structure, the first layer extracts the spatio-temporal features of the relative movement between the device and the satellite (such as the rate of change of distance, elevation angle trend), the second layer correlates environmental interference factors to predict the signal quality recovery probability within the next 20 seconds, and the output layer generates a probability value between 0 and 1 through the Sigmoid function. When training the model, a weighted loss function with time decay is used, and the weight of recent data is higher to adapt to the dynamic changes of the network. During online operation, the real-time data flows through the standardization and then is input into the model. If the predicted recovery probability > 80%, the current locking time (such as the original 60 seconds) is compressed to 80% of the predicted recovery time point (i.e., 60×0.8 = 48 seconds), and resources are released in advance; if the probability < 30%, it is extended to 1.5 times the predicted value (such as 60×1.5 = 90 seconds).

[0103] It should be understood that although the steps in the flowcharts of the embodiments of the present invention are shown in sequence according to the indication of the arrows, these steps are not necessarily executed in the order indicated by the arrows. Unless there is a clear description in this article, there is no strict order restriction for the execution of these steps, and these steps can be executed in other orders. Moreover, at least a part of the steps in each embodiment may include multiple sub-steps or multiple stages. These sub-steps or stages are not necessarily executed at the same time, but can be executed at different times. The execution order of these sub-steps or stages is not necessarily sequential, but can be executed alternately or in turn with at least a part of other steps or sub-steps or stages of other steps.

[0104] The technical features of the above-described embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. For the sake of brevity of description, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, it should be considered as the scope described in this specification.

[0105] The above-described embodiments only represent several implementation manners of the present invention. The description is relatively specific and detailed, but it should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of the patent of the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the concept of the present invention, several modifications and improvements can still be made, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent of the present invention should be subject to the appended claims.

[0106] The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not used to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

[0107] In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described according to implementation manners, not every implementation manner only includes an independent technical solution. This narrative manner of the specification is only for clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other implementation manners that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A satellite routing control switching method, characterized in that The satellite routing control switching method includes the following steps: Monitor the satellite signal quality, collect satellite data, and determine whether to switch nodes. The triggering conditions include: the signal quality drops below the threshold, and the communication device is about to leave the coverage range of the current satellite network; When a node needs to be switched, select the optimal switching target from the candidate nodes, and judge the signal quality of the optimal switching target. If the signal quality meets the usage requirements, coordinate the communication device to switch to the optimal switching target through the control plane protocol; If the signal quality does not meet the usage requirements, based on the moving path of the communication device, select the future optimal switching target from the candidate nodes, coordinate the communication device to switch to the future optimal switching target through the control plane protocol, and within the set time, do not change the node again.

2. The satellite routing control switching method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the step of monitoring the satellite signal quality, collecting satellite data, and determining whether to switch nodes, the triggering conditions include: the signal quality drops below the threshold, and the communication device is about to leave the coverage range of the current satellite network, specifically including: Use the DSP built in the communication module to collect the satellite signal quality in real time. The signal quality includes signal strength, bit error rate, and delay. Filter the instantaneous noise through the sliding window algorithm. If the signal quality detection fails continuously for 3 times, trigger a signal quality alarm and a node switch is required; Integrate the satellite ephemeris and the GNSS positioning data of the communication device, calculate the relative motion trajectory of the satellite and the communication device based on the SGP4 / SDP4 orbit prediction algorithm, and predict the remaining coverage time in combination with the geometric visibility model. If the remaining time is lower than the safety threshold, trigger a coverage alarm and a node switch is required.

3. The satellite routing control switching method according to claim 1, wherein In the step of when a node needs to be switched, select the optimal switching target from the candidate nodes, and judge the signal quality of the optimal switching target. If the signal quality meets the usage requirements, coordinate the communication device to switch to the optimal switching target through the control plane protocol, specifically including: When a node needs to be switched, select the optimal switching target from the candidate nodes. The selection indicators of the candidate nodes include signal quality, load status, and the time to cover the communication device; combine the satellite orbit parameters and the position / velocity of the communication device, and use the orbit dynamics model to predict the time for the candidate node to cover the communication device; Adopt a fuzzy logic controller or a lightweight machine learning model to dynamically calculate the weights according to the real-time input parameters to judge the priority of the candidate nodes; Judge the signal quality of the optimal switching target, send a low-priority probe message to the optimal switching target, measure the stability and round-trip delay of the optimal switching target, confirm the actual availability of the optimal switching target. If the signal quality of the optimal switching target meets the usage requirements, coordinate the communication device to switch to the optimal switching target through the control plane protocol.

4. The satellite routing control switching method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, In the step of if the signal quality does not meet the usage requirements, based on the moving path of the communication device, select the future optimal switching target from the candidate nodes, coordinate the communication device to switch to the future optimal switching target through the control plane protocol, and within the set time, do not change the node again, specifically including: If the signal quality fails to meet the usage requirements, evaluate the severity of the network coverage problem, which is divided into minor problems and major problems; if it is a minor problem, set the time as the first time; if it is a major problem, set the time as the second time, and initiate the communication degradation fault tolerance mechanism; Based on the moving path of the communication device and the satellite ephemeris, use a machine learning model to predict the candidate node with the best coverage within the next 30 seconds. The candidate node with the predicted signal quality meeting the standard and the longest coverage time is the future optimal handover target; if the prediction results do not meet the standard, select the relatively optimal handover target among the candidate nodes and enable multi-node redundancy to ensure basic communication; Coordinate the communication device to switch to the target node through the control plane protocol. Within the set time, only survival handovers are allowed, and node handovers triggered by the quality of conventional network communication are prohibited.

5. The satellite routing control switching method according to claim 4, wherein In the step of, if the signal quality fails to meet the usage requirements, based on the moving path of the communication device, select the future optimal handover target from the candidate nodes, coordinate the communication device to switch to the future optimal handover target through the control plane protocol, and within the set time, no longer change the node, and further includes: Adjust the first time and the second time through the exponential backoff algorithm based on the real-time signal quality and service priority; Predict the signal quality recovery time through the LSTM model, and adjust the first time and the second time based on the predicted recovery probability.

6. A satellite routing control switching system, characterized in that, Includes: A node handover judgment module, used to monitor the satellite signal quality, collect satellite data, and judge whether node handover is required. The triggering conditions include: the signal quality drops below the threshold, and the communication device is about to leave the current satellite network coverage area; An optimal communication processing module, used to select the optimal handover target from the candidate nodes when node handover is required, and judge the signal quality of the optimal handover target. If the signal quality meets the usage requirements, coordinate the communication device to switch to the optimal handover target through the control plane protocol; A communication restriction processing module, used to if the signal quality fails to meet the usage requirements, based on the moving path of the communication device, select the future optimal handover target from the candidate nodes, coordinate the communication device to switch to the future optimal handover target through the control plane protocol, and within the set time, no longer change the node.

7. The satellite routing control and switching system according to claim 6, characterized in that The node handover judgment module includes: A signal quality judgment unit, used to use the DSP built in the communication module to collect the satellite signal quality in real time. The signal quality includes signal strength, bit error rate, and delay. Filter the instantaneous noise through the sliding window algorithm. If the signal quality detection fails continuously for 3 times, trigger a signal quality alarm and node handover is required; A communication coverage judgment unit, used to integrate the satellite ephemeris and the GNSS positioning data of the communication device, calculate the relative motion trajectory of the satellite and the communication device based on the SGP4 / SDP4 orbit prediction algorithm, and predict the remaining coverage time in combination with the geometric visibility model. If the remaining time is lower than the safety threshold, trigger a coverage alarm and node handover is required.

8. The satellite routing control and switching system according to claim 6, characterized in that The optimal communication processing module includes: A node selection unit, which is used to select the optimal handover target from candidate nodes when a node handover is required. The selection metrics for candidate nodes include signal quality, load status, and the time to cover the communication device. Combining satellite orbit parameters and the position / velocity of the communication device, the time to cover the communication device by candidate nodes is predicted using an orbit dynamics model. A weight calculation and adjustment unit, which is used to dynamically calculate weights according to real-time input parameters by using a fuzzy logic controller or a lightweight machine learning model to determine the priority of candidate nodes. A node handover unit, which is used to judge the signal quality of the optimal handover target, send a low-priority probe message to the optimal handover target, measure the stability and round-trip delay of the optimal handover target, confirm the actual availability of the optimal handover target. If the signal quality of the optimal handover target meets the usage requirements, the communication device is coordinated to switch to the optimal handover target through the control plane protocol.

9. The satellite routing control and switching system according to any one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that The communication restriction processing module includes: A severity judgment unit, which is used to evaluate the severity of the network coverage problem as a minor problem or a major problem if the signal quality does not meet the usage requirements. If it is a minor problem, set the time as the first time. If it is a major problem, set the time as the second time and start the communication degradation fault tolerance mechanism. A future prediction unit, which is used to predict the candidate node with the best coverage within the next 30 seconds based on the moving path of the communication device and satellite ephemeris. The candidate node with the predicted signal quality meeting the standard and the longest coverage time is the future optimal handover target. If all prediction results do not meet the standard, select the relatively optimal handover target among the candidate nodes and enable multi-node redundancy to ensure basic communication. A handover restriction unit, which is used to coordinate the communication device to switch to the target node through the control plane protocol. Within the set time, only survival handovers are allowed, and node handovers triggered by the quality of conventional network communication are prohibited.

10. The satellite routing control switching system according to claim 9, characterized in that, The communication restriction processing module also includes: A first time adjustment unit, which is used to adjust the first time and the second time through an exponential backoff algorithm based on real-time signal quality and service priority. A second time adjustment unit, which is used to predict the signal quality recovery time through an LSTM model and adjust the first time and the second time based on the predicted recovery probability.

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