Intelligent soil preparation equipment for vegetable cultivation

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural equipment, and discloses intelligent soil preparation equipment for vegetable cultivation, which comprises an unmanned tractor, a rotary tillage mechanism is mounted at the tail of the unmanned tractor, side plates are fixedly connected to two sides of the unmanned tractor, and a first mounting plate is fixedly mounted on one side of each side plate; a first hydraulic cylinder is fixedly mounted at the top end of the first mounting plate, a lifting box is fixedly mounted at the output end of the first hydraulic cylinder, a supporting sliding plate is fixedly mounted at the bottom end of the lifting box, and a traction rod is slidably mounted in the lifting box; through the collaborative design of the lifting type supporting sliding plate and the insertion rod traction mechanism, the wheels can be lifted away from the ground when the soil humidity is too high, then the insertion rods are inserted into the soil to achieve traction movement, the mechanism effectively avoids the problem that resistance is increased due to the fact that the wheels adhere to the soil, soil preparation operation can be normally conducted in the high-humidity soil environment, and the working efficiency is improved. The operation delay caused by cloudy and rainy weather is obviously reduced, and the seeding opportunity is not influenced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural equipment, in particular to intelligent land preparation equipment for vegetable cultivation. Background Art

[0002] Vegetable cultivation is an important part of agricultural production, and land preparation is one of the key links in vegetable cultivation. Traditional land preparation methods mainly rely on human and animal power, which has problems such as high labor intensity, low efficiency, and unstable land preparation quality. With the development of agricultural mechanization, various types of land preparation machinery have emerged, such as rotary tillers, deep tillers, ridging machines, etc., which have improved the efficiency and quality of land preparation to a certain extent.

[0003] Chinese patent CN113796177B discloses an intelligent fine land preparation device based on the Internet of Things, including an unmanned traction vehicle, a land preparation device at the rear side of the unmanned traction vehicle, a square tube, a horizontal axis in the square tube, a roller at the end of the horizontal axis, a wave-shaped chute on the periphery of the horizontal axis, a first slider in the wave-shaped chute, a land preparation block on the periphery of the square tube, a land preparation plow on the front side of the land preparation block, a rotating guide device, a connection control device at the rear side of the unmanned traction vehicle, and a humidity detection device at the lower rear side of the unmanned traction vehicle. The invention uses the wave-shaped chute and the first chute to slide and cooperate to pull the corresponding land preparation block to deflect left and right during the forward process, so that the front sides of the adjacent land preparation blocks can alternately approach and separate during the forward process, thereby improving the efficiency of the land preparation device in turning and crushing the land soil, and using the unmanned traction vehicle as the power of the entire device can effectively improve the degree of mechanization.

[0004] As shown in the above patent, existing land preparation devices usually rely on tractor drive, and the tractor drives on the ground through rollers to achieve movement. However, in rainy areas, due to the influence of rain, the soil humidity is high, which causes the wheels of the tractor to easily stick to the soil when driving, thereby increasing the driving resistance and making it difficult for land preparation operations to proceed smoothly. Therefore, land preparation operations usually need to be carried out under conditions of low soil humidity. In continuous rainy weather, excessive soil humidity will make it impossible to carry out land preparation operations, thereby delaying the sowing time and having an adverse effect on agricultural production. In addition, high-humidity soil is easy to adhere to the rotary tillage blades, reducing the efficiency of rotary tillage and further affecting the land preparation effect.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to provide an intelligent land preparation equipment for vegetable cultivation to solve the above technical problems. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an intelligent land preparation equipment for vegetable cultivation, which effectively avoids the problem of increased resistance caused by wheels sticking to the soil, enables land preparation operations to be carried out normally in a high-humidity soil environment, significantly reduces operation delays caused by rainy weather, and ensures that the sowing time is not affected.

[0007] The above technical objectives of the present invention are achieved through the following technical solutions: an intelligent land preparation equipment for vegetable cultivation, comprising an unmanned tractor, a rotary tillage mechanism is installed at the rear of the unmanned tractor, side plates are fixedly connected on both sides of the unmanned tractor, a first mounting plate is fixedly installed on one side of the side plate, a first hydraulic cylinder is fixedly installed on the top of the first mounting plate, a lifting box is fixedly installed on the output end of the first hydraulic cylinder, a supporting slide is fixedly installed on the bottom end of the lifting box, a traction rod is slidably installed inside the lifting box, a mounting box is fixedly installed on one end of the traction rod, a plug rod is slidably installed in the mounting box, a driving assembly for driving the plug rod to rise and fall is arranged on the mounting box, an axle is arranged at the rear of the unmanned tractor, wheels are fixedly installed at both ends of the axle, a transmission assembly for driving the traction rod to move is arranged on the lifting box, and when the supporting slide contacts the ground to lift the unmanned tractor upward, the axle is transmission-connected to the traction rod through the transmission assembly.

[0008] The present invention is further configured as follows: the driving assembly includes a second hydraulic cylinder and a lifting plate, the second hydraulic cylinder is fixedly installed on the top of the installation box, the lifting plate is slidably installed inside the installation box, a plurality of the insertion rods are provided, and the top ends of the plurality of insertion rods are fixedly connected to the lifting plate.

[0009] The present invention is further configured as follows: the transmission assembly includes a slide, a transmission screw and a fourth bevel gear, the slide is slidably installed inside the lifting box, one end of the traction rod is fixedly connected to the slide, the transmission screw is rotatably installed inside the lifting box, the transmission screw passes through the slide, and the transmission screw is threadedly connected to the slide, one end of the transmission screw extends out of the lifting box and is fixedly sleeved with the fourth bevel gear.

[0010] The present invention is further configured as follows: the transmission assembly also includes a connecting shaft, a first bevel gear, a second bevel gear and a third bevel gear, the end of the axle passes through the side plate, and the end of the axle is fixedly installed with the first bevel gear, one side of the top of the lifting box is fixedly installed with a first mounting seat, the connecting shaft passes through the first mounting seat, and the connecting shaft is rotatably connected to the first mounting seat, the bottom end of the connecting shaft is fixedly installed with a third bevel gear, the third bevel gear is meshed with a fourth bevel gear, the top end of the connecting shaft is fixedly installed with a second bevel gear, the second bevel gear is adapted to the first bevel gear, and when the supporting slide plate contacts the ground to lift the unmanned tractor upward, the second bevel gear is meshed with the first bevel gear.

[0011] The present invention is further configured as follows: second mounting seats are fixedly installed on both sides of the rear of the unmanned tractor, a connecting frame is installed on one side of the second mounting seat, a second mounting plate is fixedly installed on one end of the connecting frame away from the second mounting seat, and the rotary tillage mechanism is arranged between the two second mounting plates.

[0012] The present invention is further configured as follows: the rotary tillage mechanism includes a drive roller and a drive motor, the drive roller is rotatably mounted between two second mounting plates, the drive motor is fixedly mounted on one of the second mounting plates, the output end of the drive motor is fixedly connected to the end of the drive roller, and a plurality of groups of rotary tillage blades are arranged on the surface of the drive roller.

[0013] The present invention is further configured as follows: an adjusting shaft is fixedly installed at one end of the rotary tillage blade, the adjusting shaft is rotatably connected to the driving roller, and one end of the adjusting shaft extends into the interior of the driving roller, and the adjusting shaft is rotatably connected to the driving roller, the end of the adjusting shaft extending into the interior of the driving roller is fixedly sleeved with a spur gear, a plurality of racks are slidably installed inside the driving roller, the racks are meshed with a plurality of spur gears located in the same straight line, one end of the rack is elastically connected to the inner side wall of the driving roller through a spring, the other end of the rack extends out of the side wall of the driving roller, and a ball bearing is embedded in the end, a positioning plate is fixedly installed on one of the second mounting plates, and a positioning arc plate is fixedly installed on the bottom of one side wall of the positioning plate.

[0014] The present invention is further configured as follows: a mounting frame is provided above the driving roller, both ends of the mounting frame are respectively fixedly connected to two second mounting plates, a plurality of scrapers are fixedly installed on the bottom end of the mounting frame, gaps are provided between the scrapers, and when the driving roller rotates, the rotary tillage blade passes through the gaps between the scrapers.

[0015] The present invention is further configured as follows: a limiting seat is fixedly installed on one side of the side plate, a limiting rod is fixedly installed on the top of the lifting box, the limiting rod passes through the limiting seat, and the limiting rod and the limiting seat are slidably matched.

[0016] The present invention is further configured as follows: a telescopic rod is installed on the front of the unmanned tractor, and a humidity detection element is installed at the telescopic end of the telescopic rod.

[0017] In summary, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The present invention uses the collaborative design of the lifting support slide and the rod traction mechanism. When the soil moisture is too high, the wheels can be lifted off the ground, and the rods can be inserted into the soil to achieve traction and movement. This mechanism effectively avoids the problem of increased resistance caused by the wheels sticking to the soil, so that land preparation operations can be carried out normally in a high-humidity soil environment, significantly reducing operation delays caused by rainy weather and ensuring that the sowing time is not affected; when the support slide contacts the ground, the weight of the equipment can be dispersed, the pressure on the soil can be reduced, and sinking can be avoided. The rods can be used to pull the equipment to move through periodic insertion-contraction actions, and the depth and frequency of the rods can be accurately controlled by hydraulic drive to form a bionic walking mode. Compared with traditional wheel rolling, this method can reduce movement resistance in muddy soil, reduce energy consumption and improve traction efficiency; 2. The present invention adopts an angle adjustment mechanism that links the rotary tillage blade with the spur gear and rack. The blade automatically tilts to the optimal tillage angle when inserted into the soil, and returns to a parallel state when separated from the soil. This dynamic adjustment function reduces the resistance of the blade cutting into the soil, while increasing the coverage area of ​​a single tillage operation, significantly improving the land preparation efficiency per unit time. The present invention utilizes a structure in which the blade periodically passes through the scraper gap during rotation, automatically scrapes off wet soil adhered to the surface when the blade separates from the soil, and combines the precise matching of the blade return state with the scraper gap to avoid the increase in blade weight and power loss caused by soil adhesion in traditional rotary tillers. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention when the wheel is in contact with the ground; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention when the supporting slide plate is in contact with the ground; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the side plate, the lifting box and the installation box of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of the lifting box and the installation box of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the transmission assembly of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the drive assembly and the plunger structure of the present invention; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the driving roller and the rotary tillage blade of the present invention; Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the rack, spur gear and rotary tillage blade of the present invention; Fig. 9 It is a schematic structural diagram of the positioning disk, positioning arc plate, rack and spur gear of the present invention.

[0019] In the figure: 1, unmanned tractor; 2, side plate; 3, connecting plate; 4, lifting box; 5, supporting slide plate; 6, slide seat; 7, traction rod; 8, transmission screw; 9, first mounting plate; 10, first hydraulic cylinder; 11, wheel; 12, axle; 13, first bevel gear; 14, first mounting seat; 15, connecting shaft; 16, second bevel gear; 17, third bevel gear; 18, fourth bevel gear; 19, mounting box; 20, second hydraulic cylinder; 21, lifting plate; 22, Insert rod; 23, limit seat; 24, limit rod; 25, second mounting seat; 26, connecting frame; 27, second mounting plate; 28, driving roller; 29, rotary tillage blade; 30, adjusting shaft; 31, spur gear; 32, rack; 33, ball bearing; 34, positioning plate; 35, positioning arc plate; 36, spring; 37, mounting frame; 38, scraper; 39, camera; 40, telescopic rod; 41, humidity detection element; 42, wireless signal transceiver element; 43, driving motor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0021] See also Figures 1 to 6In an embodiment of the present invention, an intelligent land preparation device for vegetable cultivation includes an unmanned tractor 1, a rotary tillage mechanism is installed at the rear of the unmanned tractor 1, side panels 2 are fixedly connected to both sides of the unmanned tractor 1, and the side panels 2 are fixedly connected to the two side walls of the unmanned tractor 1 through connecting plates 3. A first mounting plate 9 is fixedly installed on one side of the side panel 2, a first hydraulic cylinder 10 is fixedly installed on the top of the first mounting plate 9, a lifting box 4 is fixedly installed on the output end of the first hydraulic cylinder 10, a supporting slide plate 5 is fixedly installed on the bottom end of the lifting box 4, and a sliding plate 5 is installed inside the lifting box 4. A traction rod 7 is provided, one end of which is fixedly mounted with a mounting box 19, a plug rod 22 is slidably mounted in the mounting box 19, a driving assembly for driving the plug rod 22 to rise and fall is arranged on the mounting box 19, an axle 12 is arranged at the rear of the unmanned tractor 1, wheels 11 are fixedly mounted at both ends of the axle 12, the axle 12 is connected to the power component of the unmanned tractor 1, so that the axle 12 can drive the wheels 11 to rotate, a transmission assembly for driving the traction rod 7 to move is arranged on the lifting box 4, and when the supporting slide plate 5 contacts the ground to lift the unmanned tractor 1 upward, the axle 12 is driven by the transmission assembly The driving assembly is connected to the traction rod 7 by transmission; when in use, the unmanned tractor 1 drives the wheel 11 to rotate through the axle 12 to achieve driving, thereby driving the rotary tillage mechanism to move on the soil to achieve land preparation. When the soil moisture is high, the lifting box 4 is driven downward by the first hydraulic cylinder 10, thereby driving the supporting slide plate 5 to move downward. When the supporting slide plate 5 contacts the soil, as the output end of the first hydraulic cylinder 10 continues to extend, the unmanned tractor 1 is lifted up, the wheel 11 is separated from the ground soil, and when the supporting slide plate 5 contacts the ground to lift the unmanned tractor 1 upward, the axle 12 is connected to the traction rod 7 through the transmission assembly. The rod 7 is connected by transmission, so that the axle 12 can drive the traction rod 7 to move when it rotates, and the traction rod 7 drives the installation box 19 to move back and forth. When the installation box 19 moves to the farthest distance from the lifting box 4, the driving component drives the insertion rod 22 to be inserted into the soil, and then the traction rod 7 is retracted into the lifting box 4, so that the lifting box 4 moves toward the direction close to the installation box 19, thereby pulling the unmanned tractor 1 forward. When the installation box 19 is closest to the lifting box 4, the driving component drives the driving insertion rod 22 to retract into the installation box 19, thereby completing one movement of the unmanned tractor 1, and so on and so forth, the movement of the unmanned tractor 1 is realized; The present invention uses the collaborative design of the lifting support slide 5 and the traction mechanism of the insertion rod 22. When the soil moisture is too high, the wheel 11 can be lifted off the ground, and the insertion rod 22 can be inserted into the soil to achieve traction movement. This mechanism effectively avoids the problem of increased resistance caused by the wheel 11 sticking to the soil, so that land preparation operations can be carried out normally in a high-humidity soil environment, significantly reducing operation delays caused by rainy weather and ensuring that the sowing time is not affected; when the support slide 5 contacts the ground, the weight of the equipment can be dispersed, the pressure on the soil can be reduced, and sinking can be avoided. The insertion rod 22 pulls the equipment to move through periodic insertion-contraction actions, and the depth and frequency of the insertion rod 22 can be accurately controlled in combination with hydraulic drive to form a bionic walking mode. Compared with the rolling of the traditional wheel 11, this method can reduce the movement resistance by more than 30% in muddy soil, reducing energy consumption while improving traction efficiency; the support During the lifting process of the slide plate 5, the transmission component is triggered synchronously to realize the automatic transmission of the power of the axle 12 to the traction rod 7, which simplifies the operation process and reduces the use of the driving structure. The equipment can intelligently switch the movement mode according to the soil moisture without manual intervention, which significantly improves the level of automation; when the rotary tillage mechanism and the traction movement work together, the periodic traction action of the insertion rod 22 can synchronously loosen the deep soil, cooperate with the surface crushing of the rotary tillage blade 29, and form a soil improvement effect of upper and lower linkage, so that the tillage layer is more uniform and fine, creating better seed bed conditions for vegetable cultivation, and by extending the operating time window (the operating capacity on rainy days is increased by more than 60%) and reducing traction energy consumption (saving about 25% compared with traditional equipment), the average annual operating area of ​​a single device can be increased by 40%-50%, while reducing fuel or electricity consumption, which meets the needs of green and low-carbon development of modern agriculture.

[0022] In this embodiment, preferably, the driving assembly includes a second hydraulic cylinder 20 and a lifting plate 21, the second hydraulic cylinder 20 is fixedly installed on the top of the installation box 19, the lifting plate 21 is slidably installed inside the installation box 19, a plurality of the insertion rods 22 are provided, and the top ends of the plurality of insertion rods 22 are fixedly connected to the lifting plate 21, and the bottom wall of the installation box 19 is provided with a through groove just for the insertion rod 22 to extend, and the inner wall of the through groove fits with the outer wall of the insertion rod 22, so that the soil attached to the insertion rod 22 can be scraped off by the inner wall of the through groove; the lifting plate 21 can be driven up and down by the second hydraulic cylinder 20, thereby driving the insertion rod 22 to move up and down, so that the insertion rod 22 can be inserted into the soil.

[0023] In this embodiment, preferably, the transmission assembly includes a slide 6, a transmission screw 8 and a fourth bevel gear 18, the slide 6 is slidably mounted inside the lifting box 4, one end of the traction rod 7 is fixedly connected to the slide 6, the transmission screw 8 is rotatably mounted inside the lifting box 4, the transmission screw 8 passes through the slide 6, and the transmission screw 8 is threadedly connected to the slide 6, one end of the transmission screw 8 extends out of the lifting box 4 and is fixedly sleeved with a fourth bevel gear 18; the transmission assembly also includes a connecting shaft 15, a first bevel gear 13, a second bevel gear 16 and a third bevel gear 17, the axle The end of 12 passes through the side plate 2, and the end of the axle 12 is fixedly installed with a first bevel gear 13, a first mounting seat 14 is fixedly installed on one side of the top of the lifting box 4, the connecting shaft 15 passes through the first mounting seat 14, and the connecting shaft 15 is rotatably connected to the first mounting seat 14, and a third bevel gear 17 is fixedly installed on the bottom end of the connecting shaft 15, and the third bevel gear 17 is meshed with the fourth bevel gear 18, and a second bevel gear 16 is fixedly installed on the top of the connecting shaft 15, and the second bevel gear 16 is adapted to the first bevel gear 13, when the supporting slide plate 5 contacts the ground, When the unmanned tractor 1 is lifted up, the second bevel gear 16 meshes with the first bevel gear 13. At this time, the wheel 11 is suspended in the air. When the axle 12 rotates, it drives the first bevel gear 13 to rotate. When the first bevel gear 13 rotates, it drives the connecting shaft 15 to rotate through the second bevel gear 16. When the connecting shaft 15 rotates, it drives the fourth bevel gear 18 to rotate through the third bevel gear 17, thereby driving the transmission screw 8 to rotate. When the transmission screw 8 rotates, it drives the slide 6 to move, thereby driving the traction rod 7 to move. When the unmanned tractor 1 is driven to move by supporting the slide plate 5, the axle 12 rotates back and forth, so that the slide 6 moves back and forth. The second hydraulic cylinder 20 is driven to move back and forth, and when the installation box 19 moves to the farthest distance from the lifting box 4, the output end of the second hydraulic cylinder 20 extends, so that the insertion rod 22 is inserted into the soil, and then the traction rod 7 is retracted into the lifting box 4, so that the lifting box 4 moves toward the direction close to the installation box 19, thereby pulling the unmanned tractor 1 forward. When the installation box 19 is closest to the lifting box 4, the output end of the second hydraulic cylinder 20 is controlled to retract, so that the insertion rod 22 is retracted into the installation box 19, thereby completing one movement of the unmanned tractor 1, and so on and so forth, the movement of the unmanned tractor 1 is realized.

[0024] In this embodiment, preferably, a telescopic rod 40 is installed on the front of the unmanned tractor 1, and the telescopic rod 40 is retracted by electric, pneumatic or other means. A humidity detection element 41 is installed at the telescopic end of the telescopic rod 40, and the humidity detection element 41 can be extended into the soil to detect humidity. During use, the humidity detection element 41 monitors the soil humidity in real time, so that when driving by the wheels 11, if the soil humidity in some low-lying terrain is high, the support slide plate 5 can be quickly switched to support movement to avoid the wheels 11 from sinking into the soil.

[0025] In this embodiment, preferably, a limit seat 23 is fixedly installed on one side of the side panel 2, and a limit rod 24 is fixedly installed on the top of the lifting box 4, the limit rod 24 passes through the limit seat 23, and the limit rod 24 slides with the limit seat 23, thereby limiting the up and down movement of the lifting box 4 to ensure the stability of the up and down movement of the lifting box 4.

[0026] In this embodiment, preferably, a camera 39 is installed at the front position of the unmanned tractor 1 for real-time collection of image information of the front working environment. The camera 39 adopts a high-resolution wide-angle lens and supports night vision function, which can clearly capture environmental details under low light conditions. The camera 39 is connected to the control system to transmit image data to the control system for real-time processing for path identification, obstacle detection and operation quality monitoring; a wireless signal transceiver element 42 is provided on the roof of the unmanned tractor 1, which supports 4G / 5G, Wi-Fi and Bluetooth communication protocols, and is used for data interaction with a remote control terminal (such as a mobile phone, tablet or computer) and a cloud server. The wireless signal transceiver element 42 has high anti-interference ability to ensure stable communication in a complex farmland environment and real-time transmission of equipment status, operation data and fault information; a navigation system is provided inside the unmanned tractor 1, including but not limited to GPS module The navigation system can obtain the geographical location information of the equipment in real time, and realize high-precision autonomous navigation in combination with the preset operation path planning algorithm. The navigation system supports offline map import and online map update to adapt to different farmland environments; the unmanned tractor 1 is internally provided with a control system, including a main control chip, a storage unit and an input and output interface. The main control chip adopts a high-performance embedded processor, which is responsible for processing sensor data, executing the path planning algorithm and controlling the action of the actuator. The control system supports multi-task parallel processing and can adjust the equipment operation status in real time to ensure operation accuracy and efficiency; the unmanned tractor 1 is internally provided with a power supply system, including a lithium battery pack, a power management module and a charging interface. The lithium battery pack supports fast charging and has a battery life of up to 8-12 hours. The power management module monitors the battery status in real time, provides overcharge, over-discharge and short-circuit protection, and ensures the safe operation of the equipment; The unmanned tractor 1 is internally provided with a software system, including but not limited to: Path planning algorithm: Generates the optimal operation path based on navigation system data; Image recognition algorithm: processes the images collected by the camera 39 to identify obstacles and soil conditions; Fault diagnosis module: real-time monitoring of equipment status, providing fault warning and solutions; User interaction interface: Provides equipment status display, parameter setting and operation monitoring functions through the remote control terminal.

[0027] The various systems of the unmanned tractor 1 work together, and the specific process is as follows: 1. The navigation system obtains the device location information and generates a driving route based on the preset path planning algorithm; 2. The camera 39 and sensor system collect environmental data in real time and transmit it to the control system for analysis and processing; 3. The control system sends control instructions to the actuator based on environmental data and path planning results to drive the equipment to move and operate; 4. The wireless signal transceiver element 42 transmits the equipment status and operation data to the remote control terminal to realize remote monitoring and operation.

[0028] See also Figure 1 and 7 ~9, in the embodiment of the present invention, second mounting seats 25 are fixedly installed on both sides of the rear of the unmanned tractor 1, and a connecting frame 26 is installed on one side of the second mounting seat 25. The angle of the connecting frame 26 can be driven to rotate by a driving mechanism arranged on the second mounting seat 25 to adjust the height of the rotary tillage mechanism. A second mounting plate 27 is fixedly installed on one end of the connecting frame 26 away from the second mounting seat 25, and the rotary tillage mechanism is arranged between the two second mounting plates 27.

[0029] In this embodiment, preferably, the rotary tillage mechanism includes a driving roller 28 and a driving motor 43, the driving roller 28 is rotatably mounted between two second mounting plates 27, the driving motor 43 is fixedly mounted on one of the second mounting plates 27, the output end of the driving motor 43 is fixedly connected to the end of the driving roller 28, and a plurality of rotary tillage blades 29 are arranged on the surface of the driving roller 28; the driving motor 43 can rotate the driving roller 28, and when the driving roller 28 rotates, it drives the plurality of rotary tillage blades 29 to rotate, thereby rotary tilling the soil.

[0030] In this embodiment, preferably, one end of the rotary tillage blade 29 is fixedly installed with an adjustment shaft 30, the adjustment shaft 30 is rotatably connected to the driving roller 28, and one end of the adjustment shaft 30 extends into the interior of the driving roller 28, and the adjustment shaft 30 is rotatably connected to the driving roller 28, and the end of the adjustment shaft 30 extending into the interior of the driving roller 28 is fixedly sleeved with a spur gear 31, and a plurality of racks 32 are slidably installed inside the driving roller 28, and the racks 32 are meshed with the plurality of spur gears 31 located in the same straight line, and one end of the rack 32 is connected to the inner side of the driving roller 28 through a spring 36. The rack 32 is elastically connected to the wall, the other end of the rack 32 extends out of the side wall of the driving roller 28, and the end is embedded with a ball 33, a positioning plate 34 is fixedly installed on one of the second mounting plates 27, a positioning arc plate 35 is fixedly installed at the bottom of one side wall of the positioning plate 34, and inclined surfaces are provided at both ends of the positioning arc plate 35 to facilitate the ball 33 to move to the positioning arc plate 35 through the inclined surfaces; a mounting frame 37 is provided above the driving roller 28, and the two ends of the mounting frame 37 are respectively fixedly connected to the two second mounting plates 27, and the bottom end of the mounting frame 37 is fixedly installed with multiple The rotary tillage blades 29 are divided into four groups, and the rotary tillage blades 29 in each group are arranged parallel to each other. When a group of rotary tillage blades 29 extends into the soil, the rack 32 connected to the group of rotary tillage blades 29 is connected to the rack 32. The ball 33 at the end contacts the positioning arc plate 35, so that the rack 32 pushes the spur gear 31 to rotate, and the spur gear 31 drives the rotary tillage blade 29 to rotate through the adjusting shaft 30, so that the rotary tillage blade 29 is in an inclined state when inserted into the soil, so that the rotary tillage area of ​​the soil by the rotary tillage blade 29 is increased to improve the rotary tillage effect, and the rotary tillage blade 29 that does not extend into the soil is parallel to the cross-section of the driving roller 28, so that the rotary tillage blade 29 that does not extend into the soil can just pass through the gap between the scrapers 38, so that the soil attached to the rotary tillage blade 29 can be better scraped off.

[0031] In this embodiment, the rotary tillage blade 29 is linked with the spur gear 31 and the rack 32 by an angle adjustment mechanism. When the blade is inserted into the soil, it is automatically tilted to the optimal tillage angle (increasing the rotary tillage area), and it returns to a parallel state when it leaves the soil. This dynamic adjustment function reduces the resistance of the blade to cut into the soil by 15%-20%, and at the same time, the single tillage coverage area is increased by more than 30%, which significantly improves the land preparation efficiency per unit time. The structure in which the blade periodically passes through the gap of the scraper 38 during the rotation process is utilized. When the blade leaves the soil, the wet soil adhering to the surface is automatically scraped off, and the mud removal rate can reach more than 90%. Combined with the precise matching of the blade return state and the gap of the scraper 38, the increase in blade weight and power loss caused by the adhesion of the soil in the traditional rotary tiller is avoided, and the rotary tillage torque demand is reduced by about 25%. Through the contact control of the positioning arc plate 35 and the ball 33, the blade only maintains the tilt angle in the actual soil entry stage, and automatically resets to a low wind resistance state during the return trip in the air. Combined with the load feedback of the drive motor 43, the overall energy consumption is reduced by 18%-22% compared with the traditional fixed-angle rotary tiller, achieving the unity of high efficiency and low power consumption.

[0032] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, so all equivalent changes or modifications made according to the structure, characteristics and principles described in the scope of the patent application of the present invention are included in the scope of the patent application of the present invention.

Claims

1. An intelligent land preparation device for vegetable cultivation, comprising an unmanned tractor (1), wherein a rotary tillage mechanism is installed at the rear of the unmanned tractor (1), characterized in that: The unmanned tractor (1) is fixedly connected to side plates (2) on both sides, a first mounting plate (9) is fixedly mounted on one side of the side plate (2), a first hydraulic cylinder (10) is fixedly mounted on the top of the first mounting plate (9), a lifting box (4) is fixedly mounted on the output end of the first hydraulic cylinder (10), a supporting slide plate (5) is fixedly mounted on the bottom end of the lifting box (4), a traction rod (7) is slidably mounted inside the lifting box (4), a mounting box (19) is fixedly mounted on one end of the traction rod (7), and the mounting box (19) is fixedly mounted on the output end of the first hydraulic cylinder (10). An insertion rod (22) is slidably mounted in the mounting box (19), and a driving assembly for driving the insertion rod (22) to rise and fall is arranged on the mounting box (19). An axle (12) is arranged at the rear of the unmanned tractor (1), and wheels (11) are fixedly mounted at both ends of the axle (12). A transmission assembly for driving the traction rod (7) to move is arranged on the lifting box (4), and when the supporting slide plate (5) contacts the ground to lift the unmanned tractor (1) upward, the axle (12) is connected to the traction rod (7) through the transmission assembly.

2. The intelligent land preparation equipment for vegetable cultivation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving assembly comprises a second hydraulic cylinder (20) and a lifting plate (21); the second hydraulic cylinder (20) is fixedly mounted on the top end of the installation box (19); the lifting plate (21) is slidably mounted inside the installation box (19); a plurality of insertion rods (22) are provided, and the top ends of the plurality of insertion rods (22) are fixedly connected to the lifting plate (21).

3. The intelligent land preparation equipment for vegetable cultivation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission assembly comprises a slide seat (6), a transmission screw (8) and a fourth bevel gear (18); the slide seat (6) is slidably mounted inside the lifting box (4); one end of the traction rod (7) is fixedly connected to the slide seat (6); the transmission screw (8) is rotatably mounted inside the lifting box (4); the transmission screw (8) passes through the slide seat (6) and is threadedly connected to the slide seat (6); one end of the transmission screw (8) extends out of the lifting box (4) and is fixedly sleeved with the fourth bevel gear (18).

4. The intelligent land preparation equipment for vegetable cultivation according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The transmission assembly further comprises a connecting shaft (15), a first bevel gear (13), a second bevel gear (16) and a third bevel gear (17); the end of the axle (12) passes through the side plate (2), and the end of the axle (12) is fixedly mounted with the first bevel gear (13); a first mounting seat (14) is fixedly mounted on one side of the top of the lifting box (4); the connecting shaft (15) passes through the first mounting seat (14), and the connecting shaft (15) is rotatably connected to the first mounting seat (14); a third bevel gear (17) is fixedly mounted on the bottom end of the connecting shaft (15), and the third bevel gear (17) is meshed with a fourth bevel gear (18); a second bevel gear (16) is fixedly mounted on the top end of the connecting shaft (15), and the second bevel gear (16) is adapted to the first bevel gear (13); when the supporting slide plate (5) contacts the ground to lift the unmanned tractor (1) upward, the second bevel gear (16) is meshed with the first bevel gear (13); 5. The intelligent land preparation equipment for vegetable cultivation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The unmanned tractor (1) has second mounting seats (25) fixedly mounted on both sides of the rear of the vehicle, a connecting frame (26) is mounted on one side of the second mounting seat (25), a second mounting plate (27) is fixedly mounted on one end of the connecting frame (26) away from the second mounting seat (25), and the rotary tillage mechanism is arranged between the two second mounting plates (27).

6. The intelligent land preparation equipment for vegetable cultivation according to claim 5, characterized in that: The rotary tillage mechanism comprises a driving roller (28) and a driving motor (43); the driving roller (28) is rotatably mounted between two second mounting plates (27); the driving motor (43) is fixedly mounted on one of the second mounting plates (27); an output end of the driving motor (43) is fixedly connected to an end of the driving roller (28); and a plurality of groups of rotary tillage blades (29) are arranged on a surface of the driving roller (28).

7. The intelligent land preparation equipment for vegetable cultivation according to claim 6, characterized in that: An adjusting shaft (30) is fixedly mounted on one end of the rotary tillage blade (29), the adjusting shaft (30) being rotationally connected to the driving roller (28), and one end of the adjusting shaft (30) extending into the interior of the driving roller (28), and the adjusting shaft (30) being rotationally connected to the driving roller (28), the end of the adjusting shaft (30) extending into the interior of the driving roller (28) being fixedly sleeved with a spur gear (31), a plurality of racks (32) being slidably mounted inside the driving roller (28), the racks (32) being meshed with a plurality of spur gears (31) located on the same straight line, one end of the rack (32) being elastically connected to the inner side wall of the driving roller (28) via a spring (36), the other end of the rack (32) extending out of the side wall of the driving roller (28), and a ball (33) being embedded and mounted on the end, a positioning plate (34) being fixedly mounted on one of the second mounting plates (27), and a positioning arc plate (35) being fixedly mounted on the bottom of one side wall of the positioning plate (34).

8. The intelligent land preparation equipment for vegetable cultivation according to claim 7, characterized in that: A mounting frame (37) is arranged above the driving roller (28), and two ends of the mounting frame (37) are respectively fixedly connected to two second mounting plates (27). A plurality of scrapers (38) are fixedly mounted on the bottom end of the mounting frame (37), and gaps are arranged between the scrapers (38). When the driving roller (28) rotates, the rotary tillage blade (29) passes through the gaps between the scrapers (38).

9. The intelligent land preparation equipment for vegetable cultivation according to claim 1, characterized in that: A limiting seat (23) is fixedly mounted on one side of the side plate (2), and a limiting rod (24) is fixedly mounted on the top of the lifting box (4); the limiting rod (24) passes through the limiting seat (23), and the limiting rod (24) and the limiting seat (23) are slidably matched.

10. The intelligent land preparation equipment for vegetable cultivation according to claim 1, characterized in that: A telescopic rod (40) is installed on the front of the unmanned tractor (1), and a humidity detection element (41) is installed at the telescopic end of the telescopic rod (40).

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