Cotton high-temperature-resistant yield-increasing regulator and application thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-temperature-resistant and yield-increasing regulator for cotton and application thereof, and the high-temperature-resistant and yield-increasing regulator for cotton takes water as a matrix and comprises 2-amino-3-methylhexanoic acid and 1-methylcyclopropene. When applied in the flowering and boll-setting period of cotton, the photosynthetic performance and antioxidant enzyme activity of cotton can be remarkably improved, and the high temperature resistance of cotton is enhanced. Compared with spraying of clear water, cotton boll weight is increased by 95.2% when the regulator is sprayed at high temperature, the shedding rate is reduced by 6.9%, and seed cotton yield is increased by 74.1%, so that the high-temperature-resistant yield-increasing regulator can remarkably increase seed cotton yield by increasing cotton boll weight and reducing shedding rate under high-temperature stress. In a field experiment, compared with normal-temperature clear water, the high-temperature-resistant yield-increasing regulator can also remarkably reduce the cotton squaring and boll shedding rate (averagely reduced by 11.1%) and remarkably increase the cotton seed cotton yield (averagely increased by 15.4%) by spraying the high-temperature-resistant yield-increasing regulator. The high-temperature-resistant yield increasing regulator has the advantages of being convenient to use, small in dosage, low in cost, good in effect, safe, efficient, environmentally friendly and the like, and has wide popularization and application prospects.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of plant growth regulators, and more particularly to a cotton high temperature resistant yield increasing regulator and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Although cotton originated in the tropics and likes high temperatures, it is still subject to high temperature stress during the flowering and boll-forming period from June to August in the summer, a critical period for the formation of quality and yield. This will still lead to an increase in the cotton bud and boll shedding rate and a decrease in boll weight, ultimately significantly reducing the cotton seed yield and fiber quality.

[0003] Plant growth regulators can effectively improve the high temperature resistance of cotton and increase yield. Although the cotton heat resistant agents or growth regulators in the prior art can enhance the high temperature resistance of cotton, they all have some defects. As cotton heat resistant agents, such as Zhinengcong and seaweed polysaccharides, each has its own characteristics. Zhinengcong activates the plant's own defense mechanism to enhance disease resistance and tolerance to adversity, but its cost is relatively high and its use requires certain technical guidance. Seaweed polysaccharides promote root development and nutrient absorption, improve photosynthesis efficiency, comprehensively improve plant growth, and are environmentally friendly and safe, but its effect is greatly affected by environmental conditions, and the storage and transportation requirements are relatively strict. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides a compound of a cotton high-temperature-resistant yield-increasing regulator and its application. Based on the current situation that high temperatures are mainly observed during the flowering and bolling period of cotton, a new type of cotton high-temperature-resistant yield-increasing regulator is developed from two aspects: reducing the cotton shedding rate and increasing the cotton boll weight by improving the photosynthetic capacity and antioxidant defense capacity of cotton, so as to achieve the purpose of increasing the cotton seed yield under high temperature.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A cotton high temperature resistant yield increasing regulator takes water as a matrix and its active ingredients include 2-amino-3-methylhexanoic acid and 1-methylcyclopropene.

[0007] 2-Amino-3-methylhexanoic acid (MIA) is a high-quality and efficient plant immune inducer that is easily soluble in water. 2-Amino-3-methylhexanoic acid belongs to the class of organic acid plant immune inducers. It is separated and purified from the metabolites of the main saprophytic plant pathogen Alternaria alternata, which is widely present in nature. It has the function of alleviating damage to plants caused by high temperature, low temperature, drought and salinity. Studies have shown that after high temperature treatment, the aboveground biomass of ryegrass, wheat and tomatoes sprayed with MIA is significantly higher than that of the control, and the heat damage index is significantly reduced, which improves the high temperature tolerance of the above-mentioned crops.

[0008] 1-Methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) belongs to the cyclohexanecarboxylic acid class of plant growth regulators and is a specific inhibitor of ethylene (ETH) receptors. Its solubility in water is 3g / L. Spraying 1-MCP during high temperature stress can downregulate the expression of ETH synthesis genes, inhibit ETH synthesis, avoid the accumulation of ETH, and alleviate the adverse effects on crop growth. 1-MCP can significantly inhibit the MDA content in cucumber seedlings under high temperature stress, increase the activity of antioxidant enzymes and the content of osmotic regulating substances, and alleviate the damage caused by high temperature to plant cells. 1-MCP treatment also alleviates the damage of high temperature to cotton physiological metabolism and yield by improving photosynthesis, regulating endogenous hormone levels, and antioxidant defense metabolism, thereby improving cotton's ability to withstand high temperatures.

[0009] Preferably, the concentration of 2-amino-3-methylhexanoic acid is 100-10000 nmol / L, and the concentration of 1-methylcyclopropene is 200-600 nmol / L.

[0010] Preferably, an active spreader is also included.

[0011] Furthermore, the concentration of the active spreading agent is 0.1-0.2 ml / L.

[0012] Preferably, the active spreader is one or more of Tween 20 and Tween 60.

[0013] Tween 20 or 60 is a widely used active spreader, which mainly promotes the adhesion and infiltration of the regulator solution on the plant surface, promotes the absorption of the solution and improves the efficacy. At the same time, the active spreader also has the function of promoting the plant metabolism process.

[0014] The present invention also provides the use of the cotton high temperature resistance yield increasing regulator described in the above technical solution in cotton planting.

[0015] Preferably, the whole field is sprayed during the cotton flowering and boll forming stage.

[0016] Furthermore, the spraying time is 8:00-10:00 in the morning or 16:00-18:00 in the afternoon.

[0017] Furthermore, spraying is carried out in rainless weather.

[0018] Furthermore, the spraying amount is 15L / mu.

[0019] It can be seen from the above technical solution that, compared with the prior art, the present invention discloses a cotton high temperature resistant yield increasing regulator and its application, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] The high temperature resistant cotton yield-increasing regulator provided by the present invention is simple to prepare, and the amount required in specific application is extremely small. The main effective components used are non-toxic and harmless, extremely easy to degrade, and have little residue, and there is no worry of damaging the ecological environment when used for a long time; the high temperature resistant cotton growth regulator has a significant synergistic effect, and while improving the photosynthesis of cotton under high temperature stress, it also has the effects of increasing cotton antioxidant defense substances, increasing boll weight, reducing shedding rate, etc., and while improving high temperature resistance, it also significantly increases the cotton seed yield. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without paying creative work.

[0022] Figure 1 The aboveground and underground dry weight, photosynthetic rate (Pn), POD, SOD and CAT of Zhongmian 69 under different treatments at the seedling stage. A is photosynthetic rate, B is POD (peroxidase), C is SOD (superoxide dismutase activity), D is CAT (leaf catalase), E is aboveground dry weight, and F is underground dry weight;

[0023] Figure 2 The aboveground and underground dry weight, photosynthetic rate (Pn), POD, SOD and CAT of Zhongmian 425 under different treatments at the seedling stage. A is photosynthetic rate, B is POD (peroxidase), C is SOD (superoxide dismutase activity), D is CAT (leaf catalase), E is aboveground dry weight, and F is underground dry weight;

[0024] Figure 3 The aboveground and underground dry weight, photosynthetic rate (Pn), POD, SOD and CAT of C. chinensis 92 under different treatments at the seedling stage. A is photosynthetic rate, B is POD (peroxidase), C is SOD (superoxide dismutase activity), D is CAT (leaf catalase), E is aboveground dry weight, and F is underground dry weight. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] Experimental example

[0027] The heat-resistant cotton variety CCRI-69, the moderately heat-resistant cotton variety CCRI-425, and the heat-sensitive cotton variety CCRI-92 were used as test materials. The seedling stage experiment was carried out in the artificial climate chamber of the Economic Crop Physiology, Ecology and Production Management Laboratory of Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province (118°50′E, 32°02′N) from February to April 2022. Two temperature treatments were set in the experiment: normal temperature treatment [28℃(32℃, 24℃), expressed as NT] and high temperature treatment [38℃(42℃, 34℃), expressed as HT]. Temperature control simulates the diurnal changes of natural temperature. Eight combinations of plant growth regulators were set up: clean water control CK; three MIA concentration gradients of 100, 1000, and 10000 nmol / L, represented by MIA100, MIA1000, and MIA10000 respectively; three 1-MCP concentration gradients of 200, 400, and 600 μmol / L, represented by MCP200, MCP400, and MCP600 respectively; 1000 nmol / L MIA and 400 μmol / L MCP compound, represented by MIA1000+MCP400. There were 16 experimental treatments for each variety, and each treatment was repeated 4 times. At the cotton seedling stage, cotton seedlings with consistent growth were selected, sprayed with high temperature resistant yield regulators, and placed in greenhouses treated with high temperature and normal temperature respectively. Samples were taken after 3 days of high temperature and two days after returning to normal temperature, and indicators such as aboveground and underground dry weight, CAT (leaf catalase), POD (peroxidase), SOD (superoxide dismutase activity) and photosynthetic rate were measured.

[0028] In this experiment, MIA1000 was the best MIA treatment, and MCP400 was the best 1-MCP treatment. Therefore, the test results of CK, MIA1000, MCP400, and MIA1000+MCP400 at room temperature and high temperature were selected for analysis. Figure 1-Figure 3 shown.

[0029] The experimental results of the China Cotton Research Institute 69 are as follows Figure 1As shown. Under normal temperature, compared with CK, the aboveground dry weight of cotton under MIA1000, MCP400, and MIA1000+MCP400 treatments increased by 3.3%, 6.5%, and 11.3%, respectively, and the underground dry weight increased by 13.3%, 6.7%, and 22.7%, respectively; the photosynthetic rate increased but not significantly; under high temperature, compared with CK, the aboveground dry weight of cotton under MIA1000, MCP400, and MIA1000+MCP400 treatments increased by 9.3%, 5.8%, and 14.6%, respectively, and the underground dry weight increased by 20.6%, 30.9%, and 61.8%, respectively. Therefore, the compound regulator can significantly increase the underground dry weight of cotton in the seedling stage under high temperature. In addition, the compound regulator MIA1000+MCP400 increased the activities of SOD, POD and CAT in the opposite leaves of cotton boll cultivar Zhongmiansuo 69 under high temperature to a certain extent, further enhancing the cotton's resistance to high temperature.

[0030] The experimental results of 425 cotton are as follows Figure 2 As shown. Under normal temperature, compared with CK, the aboveground dry weight of cotton in MIA1000, MCP400, and MIA1000+MCP400 treatments increased by 3.2%, 5.6%, and 10.8%, respectively, and the underground dry weight increased by 4.5%, 6.3%, and 15.2%, respectively; although the photosynthetic rate increased, the difference was not significant. Under high temperature, compared with CK, the aboveground dry weight of cotton in MIA1000, MCP400, and MIA1000+MCP400 treatments increased by 5.1%, 7.4%, and 12.6%, respectively, and the underground dry weight increased by 6.8%, 9.7%, and 18.9%, respectively; the photosynthetic rate increased by 4.2%, 6.1%, and 8.7%, respectively. Therefore, the compound regulator significantly increased the accumulation of underground dry weight of Zhongmian 425 seedlings under high temperature conditions, and promoted the growth of the aboveground part to a certain extent. In addition, the MIA1000+MCP400 compound regulator can effectively improve the SOD, POD and CAT enzyme activities of the opposite leaves of cotton bolls of Zhongmian 425 under high temperature, further enhancing the stress resistance of Zhongmian 425 under high temperature. This shows that the compound regulator has a significant growth-promoting and stress-resistant regulatory effect on Zhongmian 425.

[0031] The experimental results of the China Cotton Research Institute 92 are as follows Figure 3As shown. Under normal temperature, compared with CK, the aboveground dry weight of cotton under MIA1000, MCP400, and MIA1000+MCP400 treatments increased by 2.8%, 4.9%, and 9.6%, respectively, and the underground dry weight increased by 3.7%, 5.8%, and 13.4%, respectively; under high temperature, compared with CK, the aboveground dry weight of cotton under MIA1000, MCP400, and MIA1000+MCP400 treatments increased by 4.3%, 6.7%, and 11.4%, respectively, and the underground dry weight increased by 5.4%, 8.3%, and 17.2%, respectively; the photosynthetic rate increased slightly but the difference was not significant. Therefore, the compound regulator significantly promoted the underground dry weight of cotton in the seedling stage of China Cotton Research Institute 92 under high temperature, and had a certain promoting effect on the growth of the aboveground part. At the same time, the MIA1000+MCP400 compound regulator effectively increased the SOD, POD and CAT enzyme activities of the opposite leaves of the cotton bolls of the Zhongmian Institute 92 under high temperature conditions, and significantly enhanced the stress resistance of cotton. In summary, the compound regulator plays an important role in improving the stress resistance and growth ability of Zhongmian Institute 92.

[0032] In summary, the experimental example proved that the effect of the MIA 1000+MCP 400 compound regulator was better than the individual effects of MIA and MCP through preliminary experiments on three varieties, and it could effectively increase the dry weight and photosynthetic rate of cotton in the seedling stage under normal and high temperature conditions, and could significantly improve the high temperature resistance of cotton. Whether it is a heat-sensitive variety, a medium heat-resistant variety or a heat-resistant variety, the compound regulator showed good growth effects, indicating that the regulator has universal effects on the growth and high temperature resistance of cotton under high temperature.

[0033] Example 1

[0034] Zhongmian 425 was used as the test variety, and the experiment was carried out in three consecutive glass greenhouses at the Pailou Experimental Base of Nanjing Agricultural University in Jiangsu (118°50′E, 32°02′N) from May to October in 2022 and 2023. One of the greenhouses was set to normal temperature treatment [NT, 28℃ (32℃, 24℃), the temperature setting remained unchanged during the whole growth period of cotton], and the other two greenhouses were set to high temperature treatment [HT, 38℃ (42℃, 34℃), a 12-day treatment was carried out when the 4th fruit branch and the 1st fruit node of cotton bloomed, and the temperature setting was the same as NT at other times]. The temperature control simulated the diurnal changes of natural temperature. Four combinations of plant growth regulators were set up under each temperature treatment: clean water control CK, 1000nmol / L MIA treatment (MIA1000), 400μmol / L 1-MCP treatment (MCP400), 1000nmol / L MIA and 400μmol / L MCP compound (MIA1000+MCP400). The high temperature resistant yield regulator was sprayed when the 4th fruit branch and 1st fruit node of cotton bloomed, separated by plastic film during spraying, and high temperature treatment began after all spraying.

[0035] After the cotton matured, the boll weight, boll number per plant and other indicators were measured, and the boll shedding rate and seed cotton yield per plant were calculated. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0036] Table 1 Effects of high temperature resistant yield regulators on cotton yield composition and seed cotton yield per plant under normal and high temperatures

[0037]

[0038] Note: △ in Table 1 represents the percentage increase (%) in seed cotton yield per plant compared with the control CK. The data in the table are the average of the data from 2022 and 2023.

[0039] At room temperature, compared with CK, the seed cotton yield per plant of MIA1000, MCP400, and MIA1000+MCP400 increased by 9.8%, 3.9%, and 11.2%, respectively, and the shedding rate decreased by 6.2%, 6.6%, and 6.1%, respectively; at high temperature, compared with CK, the seed cotton yield per plant of MIA1000, MCP400, and MIA1000+MCP400 increased by 62.3%, 54.7%, and 74.1%, respectively, the boll weight increased by 47.6%, 71.4%, and 95.2%, respectively, and the shedding rate decreased by 4.9%, 5.1%, and 6.9%, respectively. The boll weight and shedding rate were significantly improved compared with the control group, proving that the compound regulator has a significant yield-increasing effect on cotton under high temperature stress.

[0040] Example 2

[0041] To verify the yield-increasing effect and stress-resistance-enhancing effect of a compound regulator of 2-amino-3-methylhexanoic acid (MIA) and 1-methylcyclopropene (MCP) on different cotton varieties under field cultivation conditions.

[0042] The field experiment used three cotton varieties, Zhongmian 425 (medium heat-resistant variety), Zhongmian 69 (heat-resistant variety) and Zhongmian 92 (heat-sensitive variety), as test materials, and was conducted at Dafeng Rice and Wheat Seed Farm in Dafeng, Jiangsu Province (120°28′E, 33°12′N) from May to October 2022-2023. A split-plot experimental design was adopted, in which the variety was the main area and the spraying of growth regulators was the sub-area. The cotton planting density was 120,000 plants / hectare (i.e., 12 cotton plants were planted per square meter), and 4 high-temperature regulator treatments were set for each variety, including clear water control (CK), MIA (1000nmol / L), MCP (400μmol / L) and MIA1000+MCP400 compound combination, and each treatment was repeated 4 times. Each regulator was sprayed during the flowering and bolling period of cotton, with a spraying amount of 15L / mu. The seed cotton yield and boll shedding rate were measured at the cotton harvest period.

[0043] The experimental results are shown in Tables 2 and 3:

[0044] Table 2 Effect of high temperature resistant yield regulator on cotton seed yield (kg / hm 2 )

[0045]

[0046] Note: △ in Table 2 represents the percentage increase (%) compared with the control CK; the data in the table are the average of the data of 2022 and 2023, and the yield is converted from the actual harvest yield of the plot.

[0047] Table 3 Effect of high temperature resistant yield regulator on cotton boll shedding rate (%)

[0048]

[0049] Note: △ in Table 3 indicates a decrease compared with the control CK; the data in the table are the average of the data from 2022 and 2023, and the shedding rate is converted from the actual shedding rate in the community.

[0050] After data processing and analysis, it was found that the treatment group with MIA 1000nmol / L+MCP 400μmol / L compound regulator increased the seed cotton yield by an average of about 15.4% and reduced the shedding rate by an average of about 11.1% compared with the water control group. Especially in the Zhongmian Institute 92 (heat-sensitive variety), the compound regulator had the most significant yield-increasing effect. Therefore, the high temperature-resistant yield-increasing regulator has a yield-increasing effect under field cultivation conditions.

[0051] Through statistical analysis of experimental data, the results show that the high temperature resistance and yield regulator can significantly improve the high temperature resistance of cotton in seedling stage experiments, greenhouse and field cultivation conditions, and can also significantly increase boll weight and reduce shedding rate, thereby significantly increasing seed cotton yield. The above results confirm that the combination of MIA 1000nmol / L+MCP 400μmol / L can effectively alleviate the negative impact of high temperature on cotton, and significantly improve cotton's high temperature resistance and cotton seed cotton yield.

[0052] In this specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts between the embodiments can be referred to each other. The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables professionals and technicians in this field to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be obvious to professionals and technicians in this field, and the general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to these embodiments shown in this article, but will comply with the widest range consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A cotton high temperature resistant yield increasing regulator, characterized in that: It is based on water and its active ingredients include 2-amino-3-methylhexanoic acid and 1-methylcyclopropene.

2. A cotton high temperature resistant yield increasing regulator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The concentration of the 2-amino-3-methylhexanoic acid is 100-10000 nmol / L, and the concentration of the 1-methylcyclopropene is 200-600 nmol / L.

3. A cotton high temperature resistant yield increasing regulator according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also included are active spreaders.

4. A cotton high temperature resistant yield increasing regulator according to claim 3, characterized in that: The concentration of the active spreading agent is 0.1-0.2 ml / L.

5. A cotton high temperature resistant yield increasing regulator according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: The active spreading agent is one or more of Tween 20 and Tween 60.

6. Use of the cotton high temperature resistance yield increasing regulator according to any one of claims 1 to 5 in cotton planting.

7. The use according to claim 6, characterized in that: Spray the entire field during the cotton flowering and boll stage.

8. The use according to claim 7, characterized in that: The spraying time is 8:00-10:00 in the morning or 16:00-18:00 in the afternoon.

9. The use according to claim 7, characterized in that: Spray in rainless weather.

10. The use according to claim 7, characterized in that: The spraying amount is 15L / mu.

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