Rectangular laser 3D printing forming method and device for household appliance mold and household appliance mold

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of SLM metal laser 3D printing, aims to solve the problem that equipment cost is increased due to the fact that multi-laser splicing printing is adopted in metal 3D printing in the prior art, and provides a household appliance mold rectangular laser 3D printing forming method and device and a household appliance mold. The rectangular laser 3D printing forming method for the household appliance mold comprises the steps that a laser beam with laser energy distributed in a rectangular flat top mode is obtained; after shaping through a collimating mirror and focusing through a focusing mirror, a processing laser beam with the spot diameter of 240-280 microns is obtained; stainless steel 316L powder is used, 3D printing is conducted according to the facula diameter of 240-280 micrometers, the forming melting channel lap joint rate of 30%, the powder laying layer thickness of 50 micrometers, the scanning interval of 0.2-0.3 mm, the scanning speed of 1000-2000 mm / s and the laser power of 1400-1800 W, and the formed household appliance mold is obtained. The laser printing device has the beneficial effects that the printing efficiency is improved by nearly three times compared with a traditional laser printing mode, and the equipment cost is low.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of SLM metal laser 3D printing, and more specifically, to a rectangular laser 3D printing molding method and device for household appliance molds and household appliance molds. Background Art

[0002] Current metal 3D printing equipment uses a laser morphology with a fundamental mode Gaussian distribution, and the laser center spot concentrates about 90% of the laser energy.

[0003] In order to increase printing efficiency, ensure printing quality and keep the powder thickness unchanged, many metal 3D printing equipment manufacturers in the industry have adopted the method of increasing the number of lasers and developing multi-laser splicing joint printing.

[0004] However, multi-laser splicing printing increases the number of lasers and scanning galvanometers, resulting in an increase in production costs. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present application provides a rectangular laser 3D printing molding method and device for household appliance molds and a household appliance mold to solve the problem of increased equipment cost due to the use of multiple laser splicing printing in the prior art of metal 3D printing.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present application provides a method for rectangular laser 3D printing of a household appliance mold, comprising:

[0007] A laser beam with a rectangular flat-top distribution of laser energy is obtained;

[0008] After being shaped by a collimator and focused by a focusing lens, a processing laser beam with a spot diameter of 240-280μm is obtained;

[0009] Using stainless steel 316L powder, 3D printing was performed based on a spot diameter of 240-280μm, a forming melt overlap rate of 30%, a powder layer thickness of 50μm, a scanning spacing of 0.2-0.3mm, a scanning speed of 1000-2000mm / s, and a laser power of 1400-1800W to obtain a formed home appliance mold.

[0010] In one possible implementation:

[0011] The spot diameter is 260 μm, the scanning interval is 0.25 mm, the scanning speed is 1800 mm / s, and the laser power is 1600 W.

[0012] In one possible implementation:

[0013] In the step of obtaining a laser beam with a rectangular flat-top distribution of laser energy, the laser energy distribution of the Gaussian laser is changed by increasing the number of light output modules inside the laser and adjusting the output mode of photons generated by the internal light output modules under the influence of high voltage, so that the output laser energy is converted into a rectangular flat-top distribution, thereby obtaining a laser beam with a rectangular flat-top distribution of laser energy.

[0014] In one possible implementation:

[0015] The number of light output modules inside the laser is increased so that the output rated power of the laser reaches 2000W.

[0016] In one possible implementation:

[0017] The scanning interval is 0.2 mm, 0.25 mm or 0.3 mm.

[0018] In one possible implementation:

[0019] The diameter of the light spot is 260 μm.

[0020] In the second aspect, the present application provides a rectangular laser 3D printing molding device for household appliance molds, which is used to implement the aforementioned rectangular laser 3D printing molding method for household appliance molds. The rectangular laser 3D printing molding device for household appliance molds includes a laser, a collimator and a focusing lens. The laser includes a Gaussian laser light source, a spectroscope and a plurality of light-emitting lens groups; the Gaussian laser light source is used to generate a Gaussian beam; the spectroscope is arranged on the path of the Gaussian beam, and is used to divide the Gaussian beam into a plurality of sub-Gaussian beams; the plurality of light-emitting lens groups are respectively located on the paths of the plurality of sub-Gaussian beams, and are used to make the plurality of sub-Gaussian beams overlap and converge on the molding surface to form a rectangular flat-top distribution laser beam, and the output rated power of the laser is 2000W. The collimator and the focusing lens are sequentially arranged on the optical path of the laser, and are used to collimate, shape and focus the laser beam emitted by the laser to obtain a laser spot with a spot diameter of 260μm.

[0021] In a third aspect, the present application provides a household appliance mold, which is printed and formed by the aforementioned household appliance mold rectangular laser 3D printing forming method.

[0022] In one possible implementation:

[0023] The household appliance mold has a tensile strength of 650-700 MPa, a yield strength of 450-490 MPa, and a post-break elongation of 32-38%.

[0024] In one possible implementation:

[0025] The household appliance mold has a tensile strength of 685 MPa, a yield strength of 470 MPa, and an elongation after fracture of 36%.

[0026] In this application, the laser power is increased by increasing the number of light output modules inside the laser, and a single flat-top laser beam with a spot diameter of 240-280μm is obtained by shaping and focusing. The flat-top laser beam is used for scanning the home appliance mold forming. The laser energy is evenly distributed and can also reach the energy required for printing stainless steel 316L powder, so that it can scan at a faster speed and a larger scanning interval, and the scanning efficiency is significantly improved. In addition, this solution still uses a single laser, and there is no need to configure multiple sets of lasers and galvanometers, etc., and the overall equipment cost is low. At the same time, a single laser beam does not have the problem of collaborative splicing between multiple laser beams, which avoids the splicing accuracy and fusion molding quality problems at the splicing seams of multi-laser splicing, which is conducive to obtaining a home appliance mold with good structural consistency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of a rectangular laser 3D printing molding device for household appliance molds according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the forming process of the rectangular flat-top distribution laser beam of the home appliance mold rectangular laser 3D printing forming device;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a household appliance mold according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0031] Description of main component symbols:

[0032] Rectangular laser 3D printing molding device for home appliance mold 100

[0033] Laser 1

[0034] Collimator 2

[0035] Focusing lens 3

[0036] Internal light module 11

[0037] Light-emitting lens group 11a

[0038] Gaussian laser source 12

[0039] Beam splitter 13

[0040] Gaussian beam L1

[0041] Sub-Gaussian beam L2

[0042] Rectangular flat-top distribution laser beam L3

[0043] Home appliance mold 200 DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all of the embodiments.

[0045] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" another element, it may be directly on the other element or there may also be a centered element. When an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or there may also be a centered element. When an element is considered to be "set on" another element, it may be directly set on the other element or there may also be a centered element. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "left", "right" and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only.

[0046] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art of the present application. The terms used herein in the specification of the present application are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present application. The term "or / and" used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more related listed items.

[0047] Some embodiments of the present application are described in detail. In the absence of conflict, the following embodiments and features of the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0048] Example

[0049] See also Figure 1 This embodiment provides a rectangular laser 3D printing device 100 for forming a home appliance mold 200 (such as Figure 3 ). The household appliance mold 200 in this embodiment has fewer structural details. The household appliance mold rectangular laser 3D printing molding device 100 includes a laser 1, a collimator 2 and a focusing lens 3. The interior of the laser 1 includes a plurality of internal light output modules 11, and the laser is used to output a laser beam with a rectangular flat-top distribution, and the output rated power is 2000W. The collimator and focusing lens are sequentially arranged on the optical path of the laser, and are used to collimate, shape and focus the laser beam emitted by the laser to obtain a laser spot with a spot diameter of 240-280μm. Furthermore, the spot diameter can be adjusted to 260μm, for example.

[0050] For example Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown in the figure, the laser 1 includes a Gaussian laser light source 12, a beam splitter 13 and a plurality of light-emitting lens groups 11a. Among them, the plurality of light-emitting lens groups 11a serve as the aforementioned plurality of internal light-emitting modules 11. The Gaussian laser light source 12 is used to generate a Gaussian beam L1; the beam splitter 13 is arranged on the path of the Gaussian beam L1, and is used to divide the Gaussian beam L1 into a plurality of sub-Gaussian beams L2; ​​the plurality of light-emitting lens groups 11a are respectively located on the paths of the plurality of sub-Gaussian beams L2, and are used to make the plurality of sub-Gaussian beams L2 overlap and converge on the molding surface to form a laser beam L3 with a rectangular flat-top distribution, and the output rated power of the laser 1 is 2000W.

[0051] In this embodiment, the rectangular laser 3D printing method for home appliance molds implemented by the above-mentioned rectangular laser 3D printing device for home appliance molds includes the following steps:

[0052] A laser beam with a rectangular flat-top distribution of laser energy is obtained. Specifically, the laser energy distribution of the Gaussian laser can be changed by increasing the number of light-emitting modules inside the laser and adjusting the output mode of photons generated by the internal light-emitting modules under the influence of high voltage, so that the output laser energy is converted into a rectangular flat-top distribution, and a laser beam with a rectangular flat-top distribution of laser energy is obtained; by increasing the number of light-emitting modules inside the laser, the output rated power of the laser is increased to 2000W.

[0053] After being shaped by a collimator and focused by a focusing lens, a processing laser beam with a spot diameter of 240-280μm is obtained;

[0054] Stainless steel 316L powder is used to perform 3D printing according to a spot diameter of 240-280 μm, a forming melt overlap rate of 30%, a powder layer thickness of 50 μm, a scanning interval of 0.2-0.3 mm, a scanning speed of 1000-2000 mm / s, and a laser power of 1400-1800 W to obtain a formed home appliance mold 200.

[0055] In this solution, the laser power is increased by increasing the number of light output modules inside the laser, and a single flat-top laser beam with a spot diameter of 240-280μm is obtained by shaping and focusing. The flat-top laser beam is used for scanning the home appliance mold forming. The laser energy distribution is even and can also reach the energy required for printing stainless steel 316L powder, so that it can be scanned at a faster speed and a larger scanning interval, and the scanning efficiency is significantly improved. In addition, since the home appliance mold 200 has fewer detailed features, the above-mentioned flat-top laser beam can still meet the precision requirements of the mold. In addition, this solution still uses a single laser, and there is no need to configure multiple sets of lasers and galvanometers, etc., and the overall cost of the equipment is low. At the same time, a single laser beam does not have the problem of collaborative splicing between multiple laser beams, avoiding the splicing accuracy and fusion molding quality problems at the splicing seams of multi-laser splicing, which is conducive to obtaining a home appliance mold with good structural consistency.

[0056] Through testing, the above parameters were used for printing and molding of home appliance molds, and the tensile strength of the home appliance molds obtained was 650-700Mpa, the yield strength was 450-490Mpa, and the elongation after break was 32-38%, which met the performance requirements of home appliance mold applications.

[0057] For example, in one embodiment, the above-mentioned rectangular laser 3D printing molding method for home appliance molds is implemented using the following parameters: the spot diameter is 260 μm, the scanning interval is 0.25 mm, the scanning speed is 1800 mm / s, and the laser power is 1600 W. The tensile strength of the home appliance mold obtained is 685 MPa, the yield strength is 470 MPa, and the elongation after fracture is 36%.

[0058] When the scanning interval is reduced to 0.2 mm, the tensile strength of the home appliance mold obtained is 700 MPa, the yield strength is 490 MPa, and the elongation after fracture is 32%;

[0059] When the scanning pitch was changed to 0.3 mm, the tensile strength of the obtained home appliance mold was 650 MPa, the yield strength was 450 MPa, and the elongation after break was 38%.

[0060] According to the comparison and the requirements for the mechanical properties of home appliance molds in some scenarios, this embodiment adopts the spot diameter of 260μm, the forming melt overlap rate of 30%, the powder layer thickness of 50μm, the scanning spacing of 0.25mm, the scanning speed of 1800mm / s, and the laser power of 1600W as the optimal printing parameters of the home appliance mold, and prints the required home appliance mold with stainless steel 316L powder as the printing material to meet the performance requirements of the home appliance mold application. Due to the increase in laser power and the increase in spot diameter, the home appliance mold with the aforementioned performance can still be obtained by using the above-mentioned larger scanning speed and scanning spacing, and the molding efficiency is improved by about 3 times compared with the home appliance mold printing method of the known technology.

[0061] The above implementation modes are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the above preferred implementation modes, a person skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present application may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present application.

Claims

1. A rectangular laser 3D printing method for household appliance molds, characterized in that: include: A laser beam with a rectangular flat-top distribution of laser energy is obtained; After being shaped by a collimator and focused by a focusing lens, a processing laser beam with a spot diameter of 240-280μm is obtained; Using stainless steel 316L powder, 3D printing was performed based on a spot diameter of 240-280μm, a forming melt overlap rate of 30%, a powder layer thickness of 50μm, a scanning spacing of 0.2-0.3mm, a scanning speed of 1000-2000mm / s, and a laser power of 1400-1800W to obtain a formed home appliance mold.

2. The rectangular laser 3D printing method for household appliance molds according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spot diameter is 260 μm, the scanning interval is 0.25 mm, the scanning speed is 1800 mm / s, and the laser power is 1600 W.

3. The rectangular laser 3D printing method for household appliance molds according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step of obtaining a laser beam with a rectangular flat-top distribution of laser energy, the laser energy distribution of the Gaussian laser is changed by increasing the number of light output modules inside the laser and adjusting the output mode of photons generated by the internal light output modules under the influence of high voltage, so that the output laser energy is converted into a rectangular flat-top distribution, thereby obtaining a laser beam with a rectangular flat-top distribution of laser energy.

4. The rectangular laser 3D printing method for household appliance molds according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The number of light output modules inside the laser is increased so that the output rated power of the laser reaches 2000W.

5. The rectangular laser 3D printing method for household appliance molds according to claim 1, characterized in that: The scanning interval is 0.2 mm, 0.25 mm or 0.3 mm.

6. The rectangular laser 3D printing method for household appliance molds according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the light spot is 260 μm.

7. A rectangular laser 3D printing molding device for household appliance molds, used to implement the rectangular laser 3D printing molding method for household appliance molds according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The rectangular laser 3D printing molding device for household appliance molds comprises: A laser, the laser comprising a Gaussian laser light source, a beam splitter and a plurality of light-emitting lens groups; the Gaussian laser light source is used to generate a Gaussian beam; the beam splitter is arranged on the path of the Gaussian beam, and is used to split the Gaussian beam into a plurality of sub-Gaussian beams; the plurality of light-emitting lens groups are respectively arranged on the paths of the plurality of sub-Gaussian beams, and are used to make the plurality of sub-Gaussian beams overlap and converge on a molding surface to form a laser beam with a rectangular flat-top distribution, and the output rated power of the laser is 2000W; The collimator and the focusing lens are sequentially arranged on the optical path of the laser, and are used to collimate, shape and focus the laser beam emitted by the laser to obtain a laser spot with a spot diameter of 260 μm.

8. A household appliance mold, characterized in that: include: The household appliance mold is printed and formed by the household appliance mold rectangular laser 3D printing forming method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

9. The household appliance mold according to claim 8, characterized in that: The household appliance mold has a tensile strength of 650-700 MPa, a yield strength of 450-490 MPa, and a post-break elongation of 32-38%.

10. The household appliance mold according to claim 9, characterized in that: The household appliance mold has a tensile strength of 685 MPa, a yield strength of 470 MPa, and an elongation after fracture of 36%.

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