Elastic hydraulic crawler wheel with variable wheel number

Abstract

The invention discloses an elastic hydraulic track wheel with variable wheel number, which belongs to the technical field of mechanical equipment, and comprises a driving wheel, a plurality of driven wheels, a track and a hydraulic cylinder, the hydraulic cylinder comprises a main cavity and a plurality of branch cavities; a piston is arranged in each sub-cavity, a piston rod is arranged below the piston, and the driven wheel is mounted at the lower end of the piston rod; the plurality of sub-cavities comprise two curved cavities, a plurality of elastic cavities and at least one original cavity, and the corresponding driven wheels are respectively a curved driven wheel, an elastic driven wheel and an original driven wheel; the two curved cavities are located at the two ends respectively. The inner wall of the curved cavity is a curved surface, and the curved driven wheel always tensions the crawler belt; the elastic driven wheel and the original driven wheel tension the crawler belt when extending out and do not contact with the crawler belt when retracting; and an elastic piece is connected between the piston of the elastic cavity and the upper wall of the main cavity. The crawler wheel effectively solves the problems that a traditional crawler wheel is insufficient in supporting force, poor in walking stability and weak in vibration buffering capacity due to the change of road excitation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of mechanical equipment and relates to a track wheel, in particular to an elastic hydraulic track wheel with variable wheel number. Background Art

[0002] As an important mobile device, track wheels are widely used in various agricultural machinery and equipment that need to travel on complex terrains. However, the traditional track wheel structure is difficult to meet the needs of modern agriculture. Traditional track wheels are composed of a fixed number of wheels and a surrounding track, which exposes many disadvantages when facing complex and changeable farmland road surface excitations. When traditional agricultural track wheels encounter increased road surface excitations, due to the fixed number of wheels, the support structure cannot be flexibly adjusted, and it is often difficult to provide sufficient support. This will not only cause the agricultural machinery to sink frequently during driving, increase driving resistance, and reduce operating speed, but may also cause the agricultural machinery to deviate from the driving trajectory, affecting the operating accuracy. In severe cases, it may even cause the agricultural machinery to fall into the mud and be unable to move, greatly hindering the agricultural production process. The rigid connection and fixing mechanism of the traditional track wheel cannot effectively buffer the vibrations caused by the common bumps, potholes and other terrains in the farmland. Strong vibrations will not only make agricultural machinery operators feel uncomfortable and reduce the accuracy and efficiency of operations, but long-term vibration shocks will also accelerate the wear and fatigue damage of agricultural machinery parts, increase the maintenance cost and downtime of equipment, and affect the service life and reliability of agricultural machinery. The limitations of traditional agricultural track wheels in terms of support force, walking stability and vibration buffering capacity have led to an urgent need for a new type of agricultural track wheel device that can adjust the number of wheels according to changes in road excitation and enhance support and buffering performance to meet the increasingly diverse and complex needs of agricultural production. Summary of the invention

[0003] The invention provides an elastic hydraulic track wheel with variable wheel number to overcome the defects of the prior art.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0005] An elastic hydraulic track wheel with variable wheel number comprises a driving wheel, a plurality of driven wheels and a track, wherein the track is sleeved outside the driving wheel and the driven wheel, the driving wheel can be driven to rotate, and the track is driven to move together with the driven wheel; the track wheel also comprises a hydraulic cylinder; the hydraulic cylinder comprises a main cavity and a plurality of sub-cavities located below and connected to the main cavity; the plurality of driven wheels correspond to the plurality of sub-cavities one by one; each sub-cavity is provided with a piston matching with it, a piston rod extending out of the sub-cavity is provided below the piston, and the corresponding driven wheel is installed at the lower end of the piston rod and expands and contracts with the piston; the plurality of sub-cavities comprises two curved cavities, a plurality of elastic cavities and at least one original cavity The body, the corresponding driven wheels are respectively a curved driven wheel, an elastic driven wheel and an original driven wheel; the two curved cavities are respectively located at the front and rear ends; the inner wall of the curved cavity is a curved surface convex outward, and the curved driven wheel always tensions the track; the elastic driven wheel and the original driven wheel tension the track when they are extended, and do not contact the track when they are retracted; an elastic part is connected between the piston of the elastic cavity and the upper wall of the main cavity; hydraulic oil is contained in the sub-cavity above the main cavity and the piston; when the curved driven wheel and the original driven wheel are extended, the elastic driven wheel is in a contracted state under the pulling force of the elastic part; when the curved driven wheel and the original driven wheel are retracted, the hydraulic pressure squeezes the elastic driven wheel to extend.

[0006] To optimize the above technical solutions, the specific measures taken also include:

[0007] Furthermore, the elastic cavity and the original cavity are arranged alternately, and the two curved cavities are adjacent to the elastic cavity; a connecting rod assembly is provided between the curved cavity and the piston of the elastic cavity adjacent thereto; when the piston of the curved cavity moves upward, the piston of the elastic cavity is pushed downward by the connecting rod assembly; when the piston of the elastic cavity moves upward, the piston of the curved cavity is pushed downward by the connecting rod assembly.

[0008] Furthermore, the connecting rod assembly includes a rocker arm, an outer push rod and an inner push rod; the lower end of the rocker arm is rotatably connected to the lower wall of the main cavity, and is located between the curved cavity and the elastic cavity adjacent to it; the front and rear sides of the rocker arm are respectively rotatably connected to one end of the outer push rod and the inner push rod, the other end of the outer push rod is rotatably connected to the piston of the curved cavity, and the other end of the inner push rod is rotatably connected to the piston of the elastic cavity.

[0009] Furthermore, the number of the elastic cavities is two, and the number of the original cavity is one.

[0010] Furthermore, a stopper is fixed in both the curved cavity and the original cavity, and the stopper is located above the piston.

[0011] Furthermore, the number of the stoppers in the original cavity is two, which are respectively arranged on the front and rear sides; the number of the stoppers in the curved cavity is one, which is arranged on the outside.

[0012] Furthermore, in the curved cavity and the original cavity, the lower side of the stopper and the upper side of the piston are respectively provided with magnets that attract each other.

[0013] Furthermore, in the elastic cavity, the lower side of the piston and the lower wall of the elastic cavity are respectively provided with magnets that attract each other.

[0014] Furthermore, the elastic member is a spring.

[0015] Furthermore, the driving wheel is equipped with a hub bracket; the hub bracket is fixed above the hydraulic cylinder, and the driving wheel is mounted on the upper end of the hub bracket.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention provides a hydraulic track wheel device that can change the number of wheels as the road surface excitation changes. The structure of adjusting the number of track wheel wheels through hydraulic pressure and elastic parts can autonomously adjust the number of wheels according to the changes in the road surface excitation during operation, and can achieve the tensioning of the track to achieve a good driving effect. At the same time, the present invention can make the corresponding driven wheel perform arc-shaped telescopic movement by setting a curved cavity protruding outward, so that the track is tightened to achieve the tensioning effect. In addition, the present invention also amplifies the road surface excitation effect by setting a connecting rod assembly, so as to better achieve the linkage work between the driven wheels. The present invention effectively solves the problem of insufficient supporting force of traditional track wheels due to changes in the size of road surface excitation, enhances the walking stability and vibration buffering ability, and can meet the needs caused by changes in road surface excitation during the driving process of the track wheel. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the elastic hydraulic track wheel with variable wheel number of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the hydraulic cylinder of the present invention;

[0019] The marks in the accompanying drawings are: 1, driving wheel; 11, wheel hub bracket; 2, driven wheel; 21, curved driven wheel; 22, elastic driven wheel; 23, original driven wheel; 3, crawler track; 4, hydraulic cylinder; 41, main cavity; 42, sub-cavity; 421, curved cavity; 422, elastic cavity; 423, original cavity; 43, piston; 44, piston rod; 45, spring; 46, connecting rod assembly; 461, rocker arm; 462, outer push rod; 463, inner push rod; 47, stopper; 48, magnet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The specific implementation of the present invention is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0021] like Figure 1As shown, the present invention provides an elastic hydraulic track wheel with variable wheel number, comprising a driving wheel 1, a plurality of driven wheels 2 and a track 3, wherein the track 3 is sleeved outside the driving wheel 1 and the driven wheels 2, and the driving wheel 1 can be driven to rotate, thereby driving the track 3 to move together with the driven wheels 2.

[0022] The crawler wheel of the present invention further comprises a hydraulic cylinder 4. The driving wheel 1 is provided with a hub bracket 11. The hub bracket 11 is fixed above the hydraulic cylinder 4, and the driving wheel 1 is mounted on the upper end of the hub bracket 11 through a rotating shaft.

[0023] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the hydraulic cylinder 4 includes a main cavity 41 and a plurality of sub-cavities 42 located below and connected thereto. A plurality of driven wheels 2 correspond one to one with the plurality of sub-cavities 42. A piston 43 matching with it is provided in each sub-cavity 42, and a piston rod 44 extending out of the sub-cavity 42 is provided below the piston 43. The corresponding driven wheel 2 is installed at the lower end of the piston rod 44 and expands and contracts with the piston 43.

[0024] The plurality of sub-cavities 42 include two curved cavities 421 , a plurality of elastic cavities 422 and at least one original cavity 423 , and the corresponding driven wheels 2 are the curved driven wheel 21 , the elastic driven wheel 22 and the original driven wheel 23 .

[0025] The two curved cavities 421 are located at the front and rear ends respectively. The front and rear inner walls of the curved cavity 421 are curved surfaces convex outward, and the curved driven wheels 21 follow their respective piston rods 44 to make reciprocating outward convex curved motions along the inner walls of the curved surfaces, thereby always tensioning the crawler 3 in either the extended or retracted state, that is, the tensioning of the crawler 3 is ensured by the curved motion. The elastic driven wheel 22 and the original driven wheel 23 follow their respective piston rods 44 to make reciprocating linear motions up and down, tensioning the crawler 3 when extended, and not contacting the crawler 3 when retracted.

[0026] An elastic member is connected between the piston 43 of the elastic cavity 422 and the upper wall of the main cavity 41. In this embodiment, the elastic member is a spring 45. Hydraulic oil is contained in the main cavity 41 and the sub-cavity 42 above the piston 43. When the curved driven wheel 21 and the original driven wheel 23 are extended, the elastic driven wheel 22 is in a contracted state under the pulling force of the spring 45. When the curved driven wheel 21 and the original driven wheel 23 are contracted, the force of the hydraulic oil squeezes the elastic driven wheel 22 to extend.

[0027] In a preferred embodiment, the elastic cavity 422 and the original cavity 423 are alternately arranged, and the two curved cavities 421 are adjacent to the elastic cavity 422. A connecting rod assembly 46 is arranged between the curved cavity 421 and the piston 43 of the elastic cavity 422 adjacent thereto. When the piston 43 of the curved cavity 421 moves upward, the piston 43 of the elastic cavity 422 is pushed downward by the connecting rod assembly 46. When the piston 43 of the elastic cavity 422 moves upward, the piston 43 of the curved cavity 421 is pushed downward by the connecting rod assembly 46.

[0028] Specifically, the connecting rod assembly 46 includes a rocker arm 461, an outer push rod 462 and an inner push rod 463. The lower end of the rocker arm 461 is rotatably connected to the lower wall of the main cavity 41, and is located between the curved cavity 421 and the adjacent elastic cavity 422. The front and rear sides of the rocker arm 461 are rotatably connected to one end of the outer push rod 462 and the inner push rod 463 respectively, the other end of the outer push rod 462 is rotatably connected to the piston 43 of the curved cavity 421, and the other end of the inner push rod 463 is rotatably connected to the piston 43 of the elastic cavity 422.

[0029] In this embodiment, the number of the elastic cavities 422 is two, and the number of the original cavity 423 is one.

[0030] In a preferred embodiment, a stopper 47 is fixed in the curved cavity 421 and the original cavity 423. The stopper 47 is located above the piston 43 to prevent the curved driven wheel 21 and the original driven wheel 23 from being pushed into the total cavity 41 by excessive excitation, thereby ensuring that they can provide stable supporting force.

[0031] Specifically, there are two stoppers 47 in the original cavity 423, which are respectively arranged at the front and rear sides. There is one stopper 47 in the curved cavity 421, which is arranged at the outside to avoid affecting the operation of the outer push rod 462.

[0032] In a preferred embodiment, in the curved cavity 421 and the original cavity 423, the lower side of the stopper 47 and the upper side of the piston 43 are respectively provided with magnets 48 that attract each other. In the elastic cavity 422, the lower side of the piston 43 and the lower wall of the elastic cavity 422 are respectively provided with magnets 48 that attract each other. The magnets 48 enable the corresponding piston rods 44 to be adsorbed, thereby ensuring that they reach their respective designated working positions, providing stability for the walking work of the track wheel.

[0033] The working principle of the elastic hydraulic variable wheel track wheel is: during the driving process of the track wheel, the number of wheels of the track wheel can be adjusted according to the changes in the ground excitation, so that the track wheel can maintain a good driving effect and provide appropriate support force under different road excitations, and provide a certain vibration buffering capacity.

[0034] In the initial state: due to the initial tension of the spring 45, the elastic driven wheel 22 is pulled by the piston rod 44. At this time, the elastic driven wheel 22 is in a contracted state and does not participate in the running of the track wheel. The curved driven wheel 21 and the original driven wheel 23 extend and participate in the running of the track wheel. At this time, the number of driven wheels 2 of the track wheel is three.

[0035] When the road surface excitation increases: the curved driven wheel 21 and the original driven wheel 23 contract due to the force of the road surface excitation, and push their respective piston rods 44 respectively, so that the pistons 43 in the curved cavity 421 and the original cavity 423 move upward, and the magnet 48 at the upper end of the piston 43 and the magnet 48 at the lower end of the stopper 47 attract each other, accelerating the action speed of the respective piston rods 44, so that they can quickly reach the final working position. At this time, the hydraulic oil above the piston 43 in the curved cavity 421 and the original cavity 423 is squeezed into the main cavity 41, resulting in an increase in the oil pressure in the main cavity 41, thereby squeezing the piston 43 of the elastic cavity 422. After being squeezed, the piston 43 of the elastic cavity 422 pushes their respective piston rods 44, thereby overcoming the pulling force of the spring 45 to push out the elastic driven wheel 22, and at this time, the magnet 48 at the lower end of the piston 43 in the elastic cavity 422 and the magnet 48 on the lower wall attract each other, so that the elastic driven wheel 22 extends to reach the final working position. Due to the existence of the stopper 47, the curved driven wheel 21 and the original driven wheel 23 will not be pushed into the inner cavity by excessive excitation, thereby ensuring that they can provide stable supporting force. At this time, the number of driven wheels 2 of the crawler wheel becomes five, which can provide greater supporting force and better stability.

[0036] When the road surface excitation decreases: the road surface excitation decreases, the external force on the curved driven wheel 21 and the original driven wheel 23 decreases, and the pressure on the hydraulic oil in the curved cavity 421 and the original cavity 423 decreases. At this time, the spring 45 takes effect, pulling back the elastic driven wheels 22 connected to each other, causing the hydraulic oil in the total cavity 41 to be squeezed into the curved cavity 421 and the original cavity 423. In this process, the piston rod 44 of the elastic cavity 422 contracts under the tension of the spring 45, driving the elastic driven wheel 22 to move upward, gradually breaking away from the contact with the track 3, and no longer participating in the driving work of the track wheel. The curved driven wheel 21 and the original driven wheel 23 extend out due to the hydraulic oil squeezing into the curved cavity 421 and the original cavity 423, and return to the initial working position. At this time, the track wheel returns to the initial working state of the three driven wheels 2.

[0037] In addition, when the curved driven wheel 21 is stimulated by the road surface to contract, the corresponding piston 43 moves in an arc along the inner wall of the curved cavity 421 protruding outward, and the piston rod 44 moves upward along the arc trajectory, and the arc trajectory forces the end of the piston rod 44 to have a tendency to expand laterally, thereby driving the two curved driven wheels 21 to expand laterally. At this time, the track 3 is subjected to two external tensions in opposite directions, causing the track 3 to be tightened, thereby achieving a tensioning effect.

[0038] When the road surface excitation is very small, the weak force cannot make the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic cylinder 4 push the piston rod 44 to work, so the excitation effect is amplified by the connecting rod assembly 46 to better achieve linkage work. The connecting rod assembly 46 is composed of a rocker arm 461, an outer push rod 462 and an inner push rod 463. When the piston rod 44 of the curved cavity 421 is moved upward by the weak excitation, it pushes the connecting rod assembly 46 connected to each other, and the inner push rod 463 feeds back the force to the piston 43 of the elastic cavity 422, amplifying the initial weak excitation so that it can make a linkage reaction.

[0039] The hydraulic system of the present invention can provide better buffering capacity for the track wheel, absorb part of the impact when the road surface excitation is large, and play a good vibration buffering role to adapt to some complex terrains.

[0040] In the present invention, unless otherwise specified, the scientific and technical terms used herein have the meanings commonly understood by those skilled in the art.

[0041] It should be noted that the terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "back", etc. cited in the invention are only for the convenience of description and are not used to limit the scope of implementation of the present invention. Changes or adjustments in their relative relationships should be regarded as the scope of implementation of the present invention without substantially changing the technical content.

[0042] Finally, it should be noted that the above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or replace some of the technical features therein by equivalents. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An elastic hydraulic track wheel with variable wheel number, comprising a driving wheel, a plurality of driven wheels and a track, wherein the track is sleeved outside the driving wheel and the driven wheel, the driving wheel can be driven to rotate, and the track is driven to move together with the driven wheel, characterized in that: Also includes a hydraulic cylinder; The hydraulic cylinder includes a main cavity and a plurality of sub-cavities located below and connected to the main cavity; a plurality of driven wheels correspond to the plurality of sub-cavities one by one; a piston matching with the main cavity is provided in each sub-cavity, a piston rod extending out of the sub-cavity is provided below the piston, and the corresponding driven wheel is installed at the lower end of the piston rod and expands and contracts with the piston; The multiple sub-cavities include two curved cavities, a plurality of elastic cavities and at least one original cavity, and the corresponding driven wheels are respectively the curved driven wheel, the elastic driven wheel and the original driven wheel; The two curved cavities are located at the front and rear ends respectively; the inner wall of the curved cavity is a curved surface convex outward, and the curved driven wheel always tensions the crawler track; the elastic driven wheel and the original driven wheel tension the crawler track when they are extended, and do not contact the crawler track when they are retracted; An elastic member is connected between the piston of the elastic cavity and the upper wall of the main cavity; When the curved driven wheel and the original driven wheel extend, the elastic driven wheel is in a contracted state under the pulling force of the elastic member; when the curved driven wheel and the original driven wheel contract, the hydraulic pressure squeezes the elastic driven wheel to extend.

2. The elastic hydraulic track wheel with variable wheel number according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic cavity and the original cavity are arranged alternately, and the two curved cavities are adjacent to the elastic cavity; A connecting rod assembly is provided between the curved cavity and the piston of the adjacent elastic cavity; when the piston of the curved cavity moves upward, the piston of the elastic cavity is pushed downward by the connecting rod assembly; when the piston of the elastic cavity moves upward, the piston of the curved cavity is pushed downward by the connecting rod assembly.

3. The elastic hydraulic track wheel with variable wheel number according to claim 2, characterized in that: The connecting rod assembly includes a rocker arm, an outer push rod and an inner push rod; The lower end of the rocker arm is rotatably connected to the lower wall of the main cavity and is located between the curved cavity and the elastic cavity adjacent thereto; The front and rear sides of the rocker arm are rotatably connected to one end of the outer push rod and the inner push rod respectively, the other end of the outer push rod is rotatably connected to the piston of the curved cavity, and the other end of the inner push rod is rotatably connected to the piston of the elastic cavity.

4. The elastic hydraulic track wheel with variable wheel number according to claim 2, characterized in that: The number of the elastic cavities is two, and the number of the original cavity is one.

5. The elastic hydraulic track wheel with variable wheel number according to claim 1, characterized in that: Stoppers are fixed in the curved cavity and the original cavity, and the stoppers are located above the piston.

6. The elastic hydraulic track wheel with variable wheel number according to claim 5, characterized in that: There are two stoppers in the original cavity, which are respectively arranged on the front and rear sides; there is one stopper in the curved cavity, which is arranged on the outside.

7. The elastic hydraulic track wheel with variable wheel number according to claim 5, characterized in that: In the curved cavity and the original cavity, the lower side of the stopper and the upper side of the piston are respectively provided with magnets that attract each other.

8. The elastic hydraulic track wheel with variable wheel number according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the elastic cavity, the lower side of the piston and the lower wall of the elastic cavity are respectively provided with magnets that attract each other.

9. The elastic hydraulic track wheel with variable wheel number according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic member is a spring.

10. The elastic hydraulic track wheel with variable wheel number according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving wheel is equipped with a wheel hub bracket; The wheel hub bracket is fixed above the hydraulic cylinder, and the driving wheel is installed on the upper end of the wheel hub bracket.

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