A tunnel pressurization protection cabin with high security and its usage method

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of tunnel engineering, and specifically discloses a tunnel pressurization protection cabin with high safety and a usage method, including a main structure, a dust reduction structure, an oxygen supply component, and a moving component; the dust reduction structure is fixedly arranged on the main structure, the oxygen supply component is detachably arranged on the main structure, the number of the moving components is four groups, and the four groups of the moving components are respectively fixedly arranged under the main structure and are symmetrical to each other; the present invention can reduce the occupied space, has stronger pressure resistance, stable support for parking, improve the overall impact and compression resistance, dust reduction and temperature reduction functions, and flexible movement; the outer shape design of the hexagonal cabin is more regular, and the hexagonal structure has good stability and compression resistance in mechanics; it improves the use efficiency and applicability of the protection cabin and better meets various requirements during the construction process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of tunnel engineering, and particularly to a tunnel pressurization protection cabin with high safety and a usage method thereof. Background Technique

[0002] During the tunnel construction process, a tunnel protection cabin can be a facility that provides safety protection and work support for construction workers. It has a protection function and can resist dangers such as falling rocks and cave - ins that may occur during tunnel construction; it can also serve as a temporary material storage point for storing construction tools, spare materials, etc.; it is used to ensure that construction workers are in a relatively safe and stable environment. In some tunnel projects, there are tunnel - boring blasts. During construction, blasts pose risks of cave - ins and falling rocks, and after the blasts, the dust in the tunnel is relatively large, and because the blasts consume a large amount of oxygen inside, the internal air pressure decreases. Thus, the environment after the blasts is very unfavorable for direct work. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a tunnel pressurization protection cabin with high safety and a usage method thereof to solve the problems raised in the above - mentioned background technique.

[0004] To achieve the above - mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A tunnel pressurization protection cabin with high safety includes a main structure, a dust - reduction structure, an oxygen - supply component, and a moving component; the dust - reduction structure is fixedly arranged on the main structure, the oxygen - supply component is detachably installed on the main structure, the number of the moving components is four groups, and the four groups of moving components are respectively fixedly arranged below the main structure and are symmetric to each other. The main structure is used to protect the staff, the dust - reduction structure is used for dust reduction and air purification or temperature reduction after blasting, the oxygen - supply component is used for delivering oxygen, and the moving component is used for the movement of the main structure.

[0005] Preferably, the main body structure includes a cabin body, a cabin top, a pair of emergency exits, a plurality of adapter claws, a plurality of legs, and a plurality of shock-absorbing cylinders; the cabin body is a tubular structure in the shape of a pentagon without an upper wall. There are emergency exits near the left and right ends of the front side wall of the cabin body. Guardrails are provided near the left and right ends of the front side wall of the cabin body, and the guardrails are located above the emergency exits. Windows are provided below the guardrails. The cabin top is fixedly arranged on the cabin body. When the cabin top is fixed to the cabin body, a hexagonal cavity is formed inside the cabin body. Rectangular liquid grooves are opened at both left and right ends of the cabin top. An installation groove corresponding to the liquid groove is opened in the middle of the upper wall of the cabin top. Through holes communicating with the cabin body are respectively opened at the front and rear ends of the lower wall of the installation groove. A chute penetrating through the middle of the liquid groove and the installation groove is opened inside the cabin top. One end of each of the pair of emergency exits is movably arranged inside the top of the emergency exit of the cabin body, and the emergency exits block the emergency exits. The emergency exits are turned inward to open. A plurality of adapter claws are symmetrically arranged on the front and rear side walls of the cabin body respectively, and the adapter claws are respectively located on both sides of the emergency exit. A plurality of the adapter claws are correspondingly arranged on the upper and lower sides respectively. One end of each of the plurality of legs is movably arranged on the adapter claws. A plurality of the legs are arc-shaped, and the other ends of the legs are horizontally symmetrical below the cabin body. One end of each of the plurality of shock-absorbing cylinders is movably connected to the adapter claws and is located below one end of the legs. The other ends of the plurality of shock-absorbing cylinders are respectively obliquely movably connected to the legs.

[0006] Preferably, the dust reduction structure includes a pair of electric heating rods, a motor, a gear, a pair of air supply plates, a pair of racks, a cover plate, and a first fan; the pair of electric heating rods are respectively fixedly arranged in the liquid grooves and are located below the chute. The motor is fixedly arranged in the middle of the lower wall of the installation groove and is located between the air outlet grooves. The gear is fixedly sleeved on the driving end of the motor. The pair of air supply plates are respectively movably inserted into the chute, and the air supply plates are respectively located at the liquid groove part. Through air guide grooves are respectively opened in the middle of the pair of air supply plates. One end of each of the pair of racks is movably inserted into the chute, and one end of the rack is fixedly connected to the air supply plate. The pair of racks are respectively located on the front and rear sides of the gear and are respectively engaged with the gear. The cover plate is detachably buckled at the installation groove part. The first fan is fixedly arranged on the lower wall of the cabin top and is located at the air outlet groove part.

[0007] Preferably, the oxygen supply component includes a partition board, a second blower, a pair of bulkheads, three doors, an air extraction pipe, a third blower, and an air compressor main body; the partition board is hexagonal, and a first access opening is arranged in the middle of the bottom end of the partition board. The partition board is fixedly embedded in the left end of the cabin body and is located on the right side of the escape opening at the left end of the cabin body. The second blower is fixedly embedded in the top end of the partition board. A pair of bulkheads are detachably buckled on the left and right ends of the cabin body, and second access openings are arranged in the middle of the bottom ends of the bulkheads. The three doors are respectively movably arranged at the positions of the first access opening and the second access openings. One end of the air extraction pipe is fixedly penetrated through one of the bulkheads, and the other end of the air extraction pipe is located between the bulkhead and the partition board. The air compressor main body is fixedly arranged in the left end of the cabin body and is located between the partition board and the bulkhead. The air inlet end of the air compressor main body is connected to the other end of the air extraction pipe.

[0008] Preferably, the moving component includes an electric slide rail, a pair of wheel frames, two pairs of wheel arms, a pair of wheels, a pair of support arms, and a pair of pin shafts; the electric slide rail is fixedly arranged on the lower wall of the cabin body. Oppositely moving moving seats are symmetrically arranged on the electric slide rail. The two wheel frames are both portal frames. The two wheel frames are respectively arranged on the lower wall of the cabin body and are symmetrically located on the left and right sides of the electric slide rail. One ends of the two pairs of wheel arms are respectively movably arranged at the two ends of the wheel frames, and the other ends of the wheel arms are symmetrically inclined relatively. Linkage grooves are arranged in the middle of the two pairs of wheel arms. A pair of wheels are respectively movably arranged between the other ends of the wheel arms. One ends of the pair of support arms are respectively fixedly arranged on the moving seats of the electric slide rail. The other ends of the pair of support arms are respectively movably inserted between the wheel arms. The other ends of the pair of support arms are inclined reversely. The pair of pin shafts are respectively fixedly penetrated through the other ends of the support arms, and the two ends of the pin shafts are respectively movably sleeved in the linkage grooves of the wheel arms.

[0009] Preferably, the electric slide rail drives the support arms to move left and right, and the support arms drive the wheel arms to turn over through the pin shafts.

[0010] Preferably, the air compressor main body is used for compressing air and conveying it into the cabin body.

[0011] Preferably, the air pressure in the cabin body is controlled and adjusted by the transfer speeds of the second blower, the third blower, and the first blower.

[0012] A tunnel pressurization protection cabin with high safety and its usage method proposed by the present invention have the beneficial effects as follows: The main structure forms a hexagonal cabin body, which occupies less space compared to a circular cabin body, and has stronger pressure resistance; by arranging multiple legs to form a spider-like structure, it enables more stable support and parking, and improves the overall impact and compression resistance; through the dust reduction structure, the air compressor main body can be used to blow out air to accelerate the evaporation of the heated liquid for dust reduction and temperature reduction, ensuring the construction environment inside the tunnel. By using the air compressor main body, not only oxygen supply inside the cabin is ensured to maintain stable air pressure, but also ventilation and oxygen supply are carried out inside the tunnel, especially for pressurized oxygen supply in case of reduced air pressure caused by reduced oxygen after blasting; moreover, the device is equipped with a moving component to facilitate the movement of the cabin body along with the construction of the tunnel. To sum up, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0013] 1. Reduce occupied space: The hexagonal cabin body formed by the main structure, compared with the circular cabin body, has a more regular shape design under the same accommodation space requirements. It can better fit the inner wall of the tunnel or be arranged in a limited space, reducing space waste caused by irregular shapes, thus reducing occupied space; the hexagonal structure has good stability and compression resistance in mechanics; each side and angle of the hexagon support each other. When subjected to external pressure, it can evenly disperse the pressure to the entire structure. Compared with other shapes, it can withstand greater pressure without being easily deformed or damaged, so it has stronger pressure resistance.

[0014] 2. Stable support and parking: Multiple legs are arranged to form a spider-like structure. The multiple legs can disperse the weight of the cabin body itself and the loaded items, increasing the contact area between the cabin body and the ground or the supporting surface and making the distribution uniform, thus making its support and parking more stable and not easily toppled. This spider-like leg structure not only plays a role in static support, but also when encountering impact or pressure, the legs can, like the legs of a spider, through their own structural deformation and force transmission, disperse the impact force and pressure to each leg, thereby improving the overall impact and compression resistance and protecting the safety of the equipment and personnel inside the cabin.

[0015] 3. Dust reduction and temperature reduction function: The dust reduction structure uses the air flow blown out by the air compressor main body to accelerate the evaporation of the heated liquid. The evaporation process absorbs heat, thus achieving the effects of dust reduction and temperature reduction; this function is crucial for the construction environment inside the tunnel, which can effectively reduce the dust concentration, improve the working environment of construction workers, reduce health problems caused by dust, and at the same time reducing the temperature also helps to improve the performance and service life of construction equipment;

[0016] 4. Ventilation and oxygen supply function: The main body of the air compressor not only supplies oxygen to the cabin to ensure stable air pressure inside the cabin and provide a suitable living environment for the people inside the cabin; at the same time, it also ventilates and supplies oxygen to the tunnel. Especially after the tunnel blasting, when the oxygen content decreases and the air pressure drops, it can increase the pressure and supply oxygen in time, quickly restore the oxygen content and air pressure in the tunnel, ensure the safety of construction workers' lives, and enable the construction to resume normal as soon as possible;

[0017] 5. Advantage of mobile flexibility: The set mobile components enable the cabin to move its position conveniently along with the construction progress of the tunnel; during the tunnel construction process, the requirements for the position of the protection cabin are different in different construction stages. The mobile components can make the protection cabin move quickly and conveniently to the required position, continue to provide protection services for the construction, improve the use efficiency and applicability of the protection cabin, and better meet various needs during the construction process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 is the schematic assembly structure diagram of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 is the schematic assembly display structure diagram of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 is the schematic split structure diagram of the main body structure and the dust reduction structure;

[0021] Figure 4 is the schematic split structure diagram of the oxygen supply component;

[0022] Figure 5 is the schematic display structure diagram of the mobile component;

[0023] Figure 6 is Figure 5 the enlarged structure diagram of the mobile component structure in

[0024] Figure 7 is Figure 3 the partial enlarged structure schematic diagram at A in

[0025] Figure 8 is Figure 3 the partial enlarged structure schematic diagram at B in

[0026] In the figure: 1. Main body structure; 11. Cabin body; 12. Cabin top; 13. Escape door; 14. Adapter claw; 15. Leg; 16. Shock-absorbing cylinder; 2. Dust-removing structure; 21. Electric heating rod; 22. Motor; 23. Gear; 24. Air supply plate; 25. Rack; 26. Cover plate; 27. First fan; 3. Oxygen supply component; 31. Partition board; 32. Second fan; 33. Cabin wall; 34. Door body; 35. Exhaust pipe; 36. Third fan; 37. Air compressor main body; 4. Moving component; 41. Electric slide rail; 42. Wheel frame; 43. Wheel arm; 44. Wheel; 45. Support arm; 46. Pin shaft; 5. Guardrail; 6. Window; 7. Installation groove; 8. Liquid groove; 9. Slide groove; 10. Air outlet groove; 101. Air guide groove; 102. Linkage groove. Detailed implementation manner

[0027] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0028] Please refer to Figures 1-8 , the present invention provides a technical solution: a tunnel pressurization protection cabin with high safety, including a main body structure 1, a dust-removing structure 2, an oxygen supply component 3 and a moving component 4; the dust-removing structure 2 is fixedly arranged on the main body structure 1, the oxygen supply component 3 is detachably arranged on the main body structure 1, the number of the moving components 4 is four groups, and the four groups of moving components 4 are respectively fixedly arranged under the main body structure 1 and are symmetric with each other. The main body structure 1 is used to protect the staff, the dust-removing structure 2 is used for dust removal and air purification or temperature reduction after blasting, the oxygen supply component 3 is used for oxygen delivery, and the moving component 4 is used for the movement of the main body structure 1.

[0029] Furthermore, as Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown in the figure, the main body structure 1 includes a cabin body 11, a cabin top 12, a pair of emergency exits 13, a number of adapter claws 14, a number of support legs 15, and a number of shock-absorbing cylinders 16; the cabin body 11 is a tubular structure in the shape of a pentagon without an upper wall. There are emergency exits near the left and right ends of the front side wall of the cabin body 11. Guardrails 5 are provided near the left and right ends of the front side wall of the cabin body 11, and the guardrails 5 are located above the emergency exits. Windows 6 are provided below the guardrails 5. The cabin top 12 is fixedly arranged on the cabin body 11. When the cabin top 12 is fixed to the cabin body 11, a hexagonal cavity is formed inside the cabin body 11. Rectangular liquid grooves 8 are provided at both left and right ends of the cabin top 12. An installation groove 7 corresponding to the liquid groove 8 is provided in the middle of the upper wall of the cabin top 12. Through grooves 10 communicating with the cabin body 11 are provided at the front and rear ends of the lower wall of the installation groove 7. A sliding groove 9 penetrating through the middle of the liquid groove 8 and the installation groove 7 is provided inside the cabin top 12. One ends of a pair of emergency exits 13 are respectively movably arranged inside the top ends of the emergency exits of the cabin body 11, and the emergency exits 13 block the emergency exits. The emergency exits 13 are turned inward to open. A number of adapter claws 14 are symmetrically arranged on the front and rear side walls of the cabin body 11 respectively, and the adapter claws 14 are respectively located on both sides of the emergency exits. A number of adapter claws 14 are correspondingly arranged on the upper and lower sides respectively. One ends of a number of support legs 15 are respectively movably arranged on the adapter claws 14. A number of support legs 15 are all arc-shaped, and the other ends of the support legs 15 are horizontally symmetrically located below the cabin body 11. One ends of a number of shock-absorbing cylinders 16 are respectively movably connected to the adapter claws 14 and are located below one ends of the support legs 15. The other ends of a number of shock-absorbing cylinders 16 are respectively obliquely movably connected to the support legs 15; the support legs 15 are supported and limited by the shock-absorbing cylinders 16. When the cabin body 11 is stressed and moves downward, the support legs 15 are stressed and turn on the adapter claws 14 and compress the shock-absorbing cylinders 16 to reduce the impact force. The pressure resistance strength is increased and the occupied space is reduced through the shape of the cabin body 11. People can escape from the hiding place through the emergency exits 13.

[0030] Furthermore, as Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 7 and Figure 8As shown, the dust-removing structure 2 includes a pair of electric heating rods 21, a motor 22, a gear 23, a pair of air supply plates 24, a pair of racks 25, a cover plate 26, and a first blower 27. The pair of electric heating rods 21 are respectively fixedly arranged in the liquid tank 8 and are located below the sliding groove 9. The motor 22 is fixedly arranged in the middle of the lower wall of the installation groove 7 and is located between the air outlet grooves 10. The gear 23 is fixedly sleeved on the driving end of the motor 22. The pair of air supply plates 24 are respectively movably inserted into the sliding groove 9, and the air supply plates 24 are respectively located at the position of the liquid tank 8. A wind guide groove 101 is respectively formed through the middle of the pair of air supply plates 24. One end of the pair of racks 25 is respectively movably inserted into the sliding groove 9, and one end of the rack 25 is fixedly connected to the air supply plate 24. The pair of racks 25 are respectively located on the front and rear sides of the gear 23, and the racks 25 are respectively engaged with the gear 23. The cover plate 26 is detachably buckled at the position of the installation groove 7. The first blower 27 is fixedly arranged on the lower wall of the cabin top 12 and is located at the position of the air outlet groove 10. The water added to the liquid tank 8 is heated and evaporated by the electric heating rod 21. The motor 22 drives the gear 23 to rotate. The gear 23 drives the air supply plate 24 to relatively move by means of the limit of the sliding groove 9 through the engagement with the rack 25 to open the liquid tank 8. The first blower 27 blows air into the installation groove 7 and blows it out through the wind guide groove 101 of the air supply plate 24 and blows it onto the liquid surface in the liquid tank 8.

[0031] Furthermore, as Figure 2 and Figure 4 shown, the oxygen supply assembly 3 includes a partition plate 31, a second blower 32, a pair of cabin walls 33, three door bodies 34, an air extraction pipe 35, a third blower 36, and an air compressor main body 37. The partition plate 31 is hexagonal, and a first entrance and exit is arranged in the middle of the bottom end of the partition plate 31. The partition plate 31 is fixedly inserted into the left end of the cabin body 11 and is located on the right side of the escape opening at the left end of the cabin body 11. The second blower 32 is fixedly inserted into the top end of the partition plate 31. The pair of cabin walls 33 are detachably buckled at the left and right ends of the cabin body 11, and a second entrance and exit is arranged in the middle of the bottom end of the cabin walls 33. The three door bodies 34 are respectively movably arranged at the positions of the first entrance and exit and the second entrance and exit. One end of the air extraction pipe 35 is fixedly penetrated through one of the cabin walls 33, and the other end of the air extraction pipe 35 is located between the cabin wall 33 and the partition plate 31. The air compressor main body 37 is fixedly arranged in the left end of the cabin body 11 and is located between the partition plate 31 and the cabin wall 33. The air intake end of the air compressor main body 37 is connected to the other end of the air extraction pipe 35. The left end of the cabin body 11 is formed into an isolation space by the partition plate 31 and the cabin wall 33 for carrying the air compressor main body 37, reducing the influence of the noise of the air compressor main body 37 on the inside of the cabin body 11. The air compressor main body 37 extracts and compresses air by means of the air extraction pipe 35, and then discharges it and discharges it into the right end of the cabin body 11 through the second blower 32, and discharges it out of the cabin body 11 through the third blower 36 and enters the use environment.

[0032] Furthermore, as Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown in the figure, the moving component 4 includes an electric slide rail 41, a pair of wheel frames 42, two pairs of wheel arms 43, a pair of wheels 44, a pair of support arms 45, and a pair of pin shafts 46; the electric slide rail 41 is fixedly arranged on the lower wall of the cabin body 11, and moving seats that move relatively are symmetrically arranged on the electric slide rail 41. Both of the pair of wheel frames 42 are portal frames, and the pair of wheel frames 42 are respectively arranged on the lower wall of the cabin body 11 and are symmetrically located on the left and right sides of the electric slide rail 41. One ends of the two pairs of wheel arms 43 are respectively movably arranged on the two ends of the wheel frame 42, and the other ends of the wheel arms 43 are symmetrically inclined relatively. Linkage grooves 102 are arranged in the middle of the two pairs of wheel arms 43. A pair of wheels 44 are respectively movably arranged between the other ends of the wheel arms 43. One ends of the pair of support arms 45 are respectively fixedly arranged on the moving seats of the electric slide rail 41, and the other ends of the pair of support arms 45 are respectively movably inserted between the wheel arms 43. The other ends of the pair of support arms 45 are inclined in the opposite direction. The pair of pin shafts 46 respectively penetrate through the other ends of the support arms 45, and both ends of the pin shafts 46 are respectively movably sleeved in the linkage grooves 102 of the wheel arms 43; by driving the two support arms 45 to move in the opposite direction through the electric slide rail 41, the wheel arms 43 can be driven to reversely flip on the wheel frame 42 by the support arms 45 arranged obliquely to make the wheels 44 contact the ground for support and movement. When the support arms 45 move relatively, the wheel arms 43 are driven to relatively flip to store the wheels 44 by the movement of the pin shafts 46 in the linkage grooves 102 of the support arms 45.

[0033] As a preferred solution, the electric slide rail 41 drives the support arms 45 to move left and right, and the support arms 45 drive the wheel arms 43 to flip through the pin shafts 46 for realizing support movement or storage according to the driving requirements.

[0034] As a preferred solution, the air compressor main body 37 is used for compressing air and conveying it into the cabin body 11 for oxygen supply.

[0035] As a preferred solution, the air pressure in the cabin body 11 is controlled and adjusted by the transfer speeds of the second blower 32, the third blower 36, and the first blower 27 for the circulation of oxygen supply.

[0036] Working principle:

[0037] S1. First, by driving the electric slide rail 41 in the moving component 4, the support arms 45 are driven to move in the opposite direction. Then, due to the movement of the support arms 45, the pin shafts 46 will slide in the linkage grooves 102 of the wheel arms 43 to drive the wheel arms 43 to flip on the wheel frame 42, prompting the wheels 44 to flip in the opposite direction to contact the ground for support. Then, the cabin body 11 is moved by means of the wheels 44, and one end of the air extraction pipe 35 is connected to a pipe communicating with the outside of the tunnel for oxygen supply;

[0038] S2. When the cabin body 11 moves to the corresponding position, the electric slide rail 41 is driven to store the wheels 44, and then the main body structure 1 supports the ground through the support legs 15;

[0039] S3. When a rockfall or collapse occurs in a tunnel project, the top 12 of the cabin is stressed and applies the force to the cabin body 11. The stressed cabin body 11 descends, driving the support legs 15 to flip on the transfer claws 14. As the cabin body 11 descends, the shock-absorbing cylinder 16 is used to reduce the impact force by bearing the force.

[0040] S4. During use, the staff enters and exits through the door 34 on the right end cabin wall 33 of the cabin body 11. Oxygen is extracted and conveyed through the connection between the air compressor main body 37 and the air extraction pipe 35 between the partition 31 and the cabin wall 33. The oxygen is conveyed from the left side of the partition 31 to the right end inside the cabin body 11 by means of the second fan 32. And the staff observes the outside and gets light through the window 6 protected by the guardrail 5.

[0041] S5. During blasting construction, the motor 22 sealed in the installation groove 7 by the cover plate 26 is driven to drive the gear 23 to rotate. Through the meshing transmission of the gear 23 with the front and rear racks 25, the air supply plate 24 is driven to move relatively under the limitation of the sliding groove 9, and then the liquid tank 8 is opened, and water can be added into the liquid tank 8.

[0042] S6. Then the water is heated and evaporated by the heating rod 21. At the same time, the staff enters the cabin body 11 and closes the door 34 to implement blasting. Since the oxygen in the tunnel space is consumed and there is dust and smoke after blasting, the air delivery speed is increased during the oxygen supply process of the air compressor main body 37, and the oxygen is blown outwards into the tunnel through the third fan 36. At the same time, the air enters the installation groove 7 through the air outlet groove 10 on the top 12 of the cabin through the first fan 27, and then is blown out through the air guide groove 101 of the air supply plate 24 to accelerate the volatilization of the liquid for dust reduction or temperature reduction, so as to increase the overall pressure resistance and pressurize the space, keep the oxygen sufficient and reduce dust during use.

[0043] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirits of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A highly safe tunnel pressurization cabin, characterized in that: The invention comprises a main structure (1), a dust reduction structure (2), an oxygen supply component (3) and a moving component (4); the dust reduction structure (2) is fixedly arranged on the main structure (1); the oxygen supply component (3) is detachably arranged on the main structure (1); the moving components (4) are four groups, and the four groups of moving components (4) are respectively fixedly arranged below the main structure (1) and are symmetrical to each other; the main structure (1) is used to protect workers; the dust reduction structure (2) is used to reduce dust, purify air or reduce temperature after blasting; the oxygen supply component (3) is used to transport oxygen; and the moving component (4) is used to move the main structure (1); The main structure (1) comprises a cabin body (11), a cabin roof (12), a pair of escape doors (13), a plurality of transfer claws (14), a plurality of supporting legs (15), and a plurality of shock-absorbing cylinders (16); The cabin (11) is an isopentagonal tubular structure without an upper wall. The front side walls of the cabin (11) are both provided with escape openings near the left and right ends. The front side walls of the cabin (11) are both provided with guardrails (5) near the left and right ends, and the guardrails (5) are located above the escape openings. Window bodies (6) are provided below the guardrails (5). The cabin roof (12) is fixedly arranged on the cabin (11). When the cabin roof (12) and the cabin (11) are fixed, a hexagonal cavity is formed inside the cabin (11). The left and right ends of the cabin roof (12) are both provided with rectangular liquid tanks (8). The middle part of the upper wall of the cabin roof (12) is provided with an installation groove (7) corresponding to the liquid tank (8). The front and rear ends of the lower wall of the installation groove (7) are both penetrated with air outlet grooves (10) connected with the cabin (11). The cabin roof (12) is provided with air outlet grooves (10) respectively penetrating the liquid tank (8) and the installation groove (7). The invention relates to a sliding groove (9) at the top of the cabin body (11), one end of a pair of escape doors (13) are movably arranged in the top of the escape opening of the cabin body (11), and the escape doors (13) cover the escape opening. The escape doors (13) are flipped inward to open. A plurality of transfer claws (14) are symmetrically arranged on the front and rear side walls of the cabin body (11), and the transfer claws (14) are respectively located on both sides of the escape opening. A plurality of transfer claws (14) are respectively located on the upper and lower sides correspondingly. One end of a plurality of legs (15) are respectively movably arranged on the transfer claws (14), and the plurality of legs (15) are all arc-shaped, and the other end of the legs (15) is horizontally and symmetrically located below the cabin body (11). One end of a plurality of shock-absorbing cylinders (16) are respectively movably connected to the transfer claws (14) and located below one end of the legs (15), and the other end of the plurality of shock-absorbing cylinders (16) are respectively tilted and movably connected to the legs (15).

2. A tunnel pressurization cabin with high safety according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dust reduction structure (2) comprises a pair of electric heating rods (21), a motor (22), a gear (23), a pair of air supply plates (24), a pair of racks (25), a cover plate (26), and a first fan (27); The pair of electric heating rods (21) are respectively fixedly arranged in the liquid tank (8) and are located below the slide groove (9); the motor (22) is fixedly arranged in the middle of the lower wall of the installation groove (7) and is located between the air outlet grooves (10); the gear (23) is fixedly sleeved on the driving end of the motor (22); the pair of air supply plates (24) are respectively movably embedded in the slide groove (9), and the air supply plates (24) are respectively located at the liquid tank (8); and the middle of the pair of air supply plates (24) are penetrated by a An air guide groove (101), one end of a pair of racks (25) are movably inserted into the slide groove (9), and one end of the racks (25) is fixedly connected to the air supply plate (24), the pair of racks (25) are respectively located at the front and rear sides of the gear (23), and the racks (25) are respectively engaged with the gear (23), the cover plate (26) is detachably buckled at the installation groove (7), and the first fan (27) is fixedly arranged on the lower wall of the cabin top (12) and is located at the air outlet groove (10).

3. A tunnel pressurization support cabin with high safety according to claim 2, characterized in that: The oxygen supply assembly (3) comprises a partition (31), a second fan (32), a pair of bulkheads (33), three door bodies (34), an air extraction pipe (35), a third fan (36) and an air compressor body (37); The partition (31) is hexagonal, and a first entrance and exit is provided in the middle of the bottom end of the partition (31). The partition (31) is fixedly embedded in the left end of the cabin (11) and is located on the right side of the escape port at the left end of the cabin (11). The second fan (32) is fixedly embedded in the top end of the partition (31). A pair of bulkheads (33) are detachably buckled on the left and right ends of the cabin (11), and a second entrance and exit is provided in the middle of the bottom end of each bulkhead (33). The three door bodies (34) ) are movably arranged at the first entrance and the second entrance, respectively; one end of the air extraction pipe (35) is fixedly passed through one of the bulkheads (33), and the other end of the air extraction pipe (35) is located between the bulkhead (33) and the partition (31); the air compressor body (37) is fixedly arranged in the left end of the cabin body (11) and is located between the partition (31) and the bulkhead (33); the air inlet end of the air compressor body (37) is connected to the other end of the air extraction pipe (35).

4. A tunnel pressurization cabin with high safety according to claim 3, characterized in that: The moving assembly (4) comprises an electric slide rail (41), a pair of wheel frames (42), two pairs of wheel arms (43), a pair of wheels (44), a pair of support arms (45), and a pair of pin shafts (46); The electric slide rail (41) is fixedly arranged on the lower wall of the cabin (11), and a relatively movable seat is symmetrically arranged on the electric slide rail (41). The pair of wheel frames (42) are both door-shaped frames. The pair of wheel frames (42) are respectively arranged on the lower wall of the cabin (11) and are symmetrically located on the left and right sides of the electric slide rail (41). One end of the two pairs of wheel arms (43) are respectively movably arranged on the two ends of the wheel frames (42) and the other ends of the wheel arms (43) are relatively tilted and symmetrical. The middle parts of the two pairs of wheel arms (43) are both provided with linkage grooves ( 102), a pair of wheels (44) are movably arranged between the other ends of the wheel arms (43), one ends of a pair of support arms (45) are fixedly arranged on the movable seat of the electric slide rail (41), the other ends of the pair of support arms (45) are movably inserted between the wheel arms (43), the other ends of the pair of support arms (45) are tilted in the opposite direction, a pair of pin shafts (46) are fixedly passed through the other ends of the support arms (45), and the two ends of the pin shafts (46) are movably sleeved in the linkage grooves (102) of the wheel arms (43).

5. A high-safety tunnel pressurization cabin according to claim 4, characterized in that: The electric slide rail (41) drives the support arm (45) to move left and right, and the support arm (45) drives the wheel arm (43) to flip through the pin shaft (46).

6. A highly safe tunnel pressurization support cabin according to claim 5, characterized in that: The air compressor body (37) is used to compress air and transport it into the cabin (11).

7. A high-safety tunnel pressurization support cabin according to claim 6, characterized in that: The air pressure in the cabin (11) is controlled and adjusted by the transfer speed of the second fan (32), the third fan (36) and the first fan (27).

8. A method for using a high-safety tunnel pressurization cabin, which is applied to the high-safety tunnel pressurization cabin as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. First, the electric slide rail (41) in the moving assembly (4) is driven to drive the support arm (45) to move in the reverse direction. Then, through the movement of the support arm (45), the pin shaft (46) slides in the linkage groove (102) of the wheel arm (43) to drive the wheel arm (43) to flip on the wheel frame (42), so that the wheel (44) flips in the reverse direction to contact the ground for support, and then the cabin (11) is moved with the help of the wheel (44), and one end of the exhaust pipe (35) is connected to a pipe connected to the outside of the tunnel for oxygen supply; S2. When the cabin (11) moves to the corresponding position, the electric slide rail (41) is driven to store the wheels (44), and then the main structure (1) supports the ground through the legs (15); S3. When rockfall or collapse occurs in the tunnel project, the cabin roof (12) is subjected to force and applied to the cabin body (11). The cabin body (11) is subjected to force and the legs (15) are turned over on the transfer claws (14). The cabin body (11) is subjected to force and the shock-absorbing cylinder (16) is used to reduce the impact force. S4. When in use, the staff enters and exits by opening the door (34) on the bulkhead (33) at the right end of the cabin (11), extracts and delivers oxygen through the connection between the air compressor body (37) and the exhaust pipe (35) between the partition (31) and the bulkhead (33), and the oxygen is delivered from the left side of the partition (31) to the right end of the cabin (11) by means of the second fan (32), and the staff observes the outside and sees light through the window (6) protected by the guardrail (5); S5. During blasting, the motor (22) sealed in the mounting groove (7) by the cover plate (26) drives the gear (23) to rotate, and the air supply plate (24) is driven to move relative to the slide groove (9) through the meshing transmission between the gear (23) and the front and rear racks (25), thereby opening the liquid tank (8) and adding water to the liquid tank (8); S6. The water is then heated and evaporated by heating the electric heating rod (21); at the same time, the staff enters the cabin (11) and closes the door (34) to carry out blasting; since the space in the tunnel is oxygen-consumed and smoke is present after blasting, the air delivery speed is increased during the process of oxygen supply by the air compressor body (37), and the oxygen is blown outward into the tunnel through the third fan (36), and at the same time, the air passes through the air outlet slot (10) of the cabin top (12) through the first fan (27) and enters the installation slot (7), and then is blown out through the air guide slot (101) of the air supply plate (24) to accelerate the volatilization of the liquid to reduce dust or temperature.

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