Maintenance method and experimental device for preventing sand drift on coastal beaches

Abstract

The present invention discloses a maintenance method and experimental device for preventing quicksand on a coastal beach, relating to the technical fields of coastal ecological restoration and beach maintenance engineering. First, a water absorption module is arranged below the sand layer of a beach simulation system. The water absorption module's pumping action forms an unsaturated zone in the sand layer near the module. Then, during the water absorption process of the module, tidal and wave simulations are performed on the beach simulation system. Finally, the effectiveness of the quicksand prevention experiment is determined based on the water absorption effect of the absorption module and the state of the sand layer of the beach simulation system. The beach simulation system includes a wave-making section, an experimental section, and a wave-absorbing section, which are sequentially connected and arranged. The absorption module includes a water absorption pipe laid below the sand layer, the water absorption pipe having a water absorption hole and being connected to a pump. The present invention can fully simulate the quicksand phenomenon and solution of beaches under natural conditions, providing experimental conditions close to reality for research.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of coastal ecological restoration and beach maintenance engineering, and more particularly to a coastal beach quicksand prevention maintenance method and an experimental device. Background Art

[0002] The problem of quicksand on coastal beaches has always been a major challenge in the fields of marine engineering and ecological protection. Quicksand phenomena not only lead to beach erosion and coastline retreat, but also destroy the habitats of marine life, affecting the ecological environment and economic development of coastal areas. To address this problem, traditional coastal beach quicksand prevention systems usually need to comprehensively consider multiple complex factors such as waves, tides, wind, sediment movement, and groundwater levels. However, these systems are often large-scale, costly, and require complex engineering technologies to implement. For example, although traditional methods such as breakwaters, revetments, and artificial sand replenishment can alleviate beach erosion to a certain extent, they have many disadvantages, such as damage to the natural landscape, negative impacts on the marine ecosystem, and high construction and maintenance costs. In addition, these methods are often difficult to adapt to the dynamically changing natural environment and cannot fundamentally solve the problem of quicksand on beaches.

[0003] Given the complexity and difficulty of implementing coastal sand drift prevention systems, conducting large-scale sand drift prevention projects directly in actual coastal environments is not only costly but also highly risky. Therefore, laboratory research has become a key step in exploring and validating new sand drift prevention technologies. Through laboratory simulations, the formation mechanisms of sand drift phenomena on beaches can be studied under controlled conditions, the feasibility of new sand drift prevention technologies can be verified, and relevant parameters can be optimized. Laboratory research not only reduces research costs but also minimizes interference with the natural environment, providing scientific evidence and technical support for practical engineering applications.

[0004] Despite the importance of laboratory simulations in coastal and beach research, existing simulation methods and devices still have numerous shortcomings. First, existing simulation experiments mostly focus on studying a single factor (such as waves or tides), while ignoring the impact of key factors such as groundwater level and sand porosity on beach stability. Second, existing experimental devices often lack dynamic control capabilities, making it difficult to simulate the dynamic changes of beaches in natural environments. Furthermore, existing experimental methods have poor scalability, making the experimental results difficult to directly apply in practical engineering projects. Therefore, developing an experimental method and device that can comprehensively simulate the phenomenon of beach quicksand under natural conditions is of great significance for advancing the development of coastal and beach quicksand prevention technology. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention provides a maintenance method and experimental device for preventing quicksand on coastal beaches, aiming to solve the above technical problems.

[0006] In the existing technology, the simplest way to solve the problem of ocean beach loss is to use manual transportation to directly replenish sand. However, this direct sand replenishment method has the following problems in practice:

[0007] First, direct sand replenishment requires a large amount of sand. According to the Mineral Resources Law of the People's Republic of China, sand is a mineral resource and cannot be mined at will. This means that obtaining the sand required for replenishment must be done through legal channels, which not only involves high costs, but also includes labor costs and transportation fees, making the overall cost far higher than expected.

[0008] Secondly, ordinary yellow sand is not suitable for beach replenishment. If the selected sand particle size is not appropriate, it will exacerbate local beach erosion. This requires selecting sand with the appropriate particle size based on the natural environment of the beach. However, the market price of sand with a specific particle size is as high as nearly 800 yuan per ton, making the cost of sand replenishment extremely high. For example, the Hailong Bay Beach in Rizhao City, Shandong Province, is my country's first "returning the port to the sea" port shoreline restoration and improvement project. The project invested 610 million yuan, repaired 1,882 meters of shoreline, and added 460,000 square meters of beach area. In addition, if the sand replenishment is encountered in extreme weather such as strong storms and high waves, the newly added sand may be quickly washed away, causing the initial investment to be wasted and possibly damaging the surrounding marine ecological environment.

[0009] Furthermore, according to the "Regulations on the Protection and Utilization of Coastlines," artificial land reclamation, including sand replenishment, is prohibited. Therefore, it is impossible to expand the coastline artificially, and direct sand replenishment is naturally difficult to implement. Furthermore, sand replenishment construction on the coastline has a strict approval process, and various environmental impact assessments are extremely cumbersome. During the approval process, detailed construction plans, environmental impact assessment reports, ecological restoration plans, and other materials need to be submitted to multiple departments, including marine management departments, environmental protection departments, and fishery departments. These departments will conduct strict reviews of sand replenishment projects from different angles. Water-based construction is extremely difficult, and during the construction process, it is necessary to deal with complex marine hydrological conditions, such as tides, waves, and currents. This not only increases the technical difficulty and safety risks of construction, but also slows down the construction progress, further increasing construction costs.

[0010] It can be seen that although the direct sand replenishment method looks simple, the actual operation is not only complicated but also unreliable. Therefore, in order to overcome the above problems, it is necessary to study a new solution to achieve the effect of preventing quicksand.

[0011] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0012] A method for maintaining coastal beaches against quicksand is provided. A beach simulation system is designed in a laboratory to simulate a real beach environment. The method includes the following means:

[0013] First, a water absorption module is set under the sand layer of the beach simulation system, and the sand layer near the water absorption module forms an unsaturated zone through the pumping action of the water absorption module;

[0014] Then, during the water absorption process of the water absorption module, the beach simulation system is coordinated to perform tide simulation and wave simulation;

[0015] Finally, the effect of the anti-quicksand experiment is determined based on the water absorption effect of the water absorption module and the state of the sand layer of the beach simulation system.

[0016] Through the above-mentioned technical solution, the present invention can effectively study the formation mechanism of beach quicksand phenomena by simulating the beach environment in the laboratory, thereby verifying the feasibility of new quicksand prevention technologies. Compared with large-scale quicksand prevention projects directly on the actual coast, laboratory simulations can significantly reduce research costs and minimize interference and damage to the natural environment. By regulating the groundwater level through the water absorption module, the dynamic changes of the beach in the natural environment can be dynamically simulated, providing more realistic experimental conditions for research. By optimizing relevant parameters based on experimental results, scientific evidence and technical support are provided for practical engineering applications, contributing to the development of more effective coastal and beach quicksand prevention technologies.

[0017] Preferably, in the above-mentioned method for maintaining coastal beaches against quicksand, the water absorption module is arranged at the bottom of the intertidal zone of the beach during the tidal simulation process.

[0018] Preferably, in the above-mentioned method for maintaining a coastal beach against quicksand, the water absorption module is arranged 0.3 m below the sand layer.

[0019] The present invention also provides an experimental device for preventing quicksand on a coastal beach:

[0020] The beach simulation system includes an experimental water tank, which includes a wave-generating section, an experimental section, and a wave-breaking section that are sequentially connected and arranged; the experimental section is used to lay sand, and the wave-generating section is used to generate waves and push the waves toward the experimental section to the wave-breaking section for wave breaking;

[0021] The water absorption module includes a water absorption pipe laid under the sand layer, the water absorption pipe is provided with a water absorption hole, the water absorption pipe is connected to a water pump, and the water pump is arranged outside the experimental water tank.

[0022] Through the above-mentioned technical solution, the present invention integrates wave generation, tidal simulation, and water absorption functions, enabling comprehensive simulation of sand drift on beaches under natural conditions. The water circulation system and water absorption module allow precise control of experimental conditions, such as water level fluctuations and wave frequency, improving experimental repeatability and accuracy. The device influences beach stability by regulating the groundwater level, thus avoiding the damage to the natural landscape and ecological environment caused by traditional sand drift prevention methods (such as breakwaters and artificial sand replenishment). The device is rationally designed, low-cost, and easy to operate and maintain, making it suitable for widespread use in laboratory environments.

[0023] Preferably, in the above-mentioned experimental device for preventing quicksand on coastal beaches, a water supply circulation system is also included, the water supply circulation system includes a circulating water pipeline connected between the wave-making section and the wave-breaking section, the circulating water pipeline is provided with a water tank and an ultrafiltration water purifier, the ultrafiltration water purifier is arranged close to the wave-breaking section, a water supply pump is provided on the pipeline between the water tank and the wave-making section, a drain valve is provided on the pipeline between the ultrafiltration water purifier and the wave-breaking section, and the water pump is connected to the ultrafiltration water purifier.

[0024] Preferably, in the above-mentioned experimental device for preventing quicksand on coastal beaches, the outer side of the water suction pipe is wrapped with a sand-blocking filter layer.

[0025] Preferably, in the above-mentioned experimental device for preventing quicksand on coastal beaches, a reciprocating wave-making push plate is provided in the wave-making section.

[0026] Preferably, in the above-mentioned experimental device for preventing quicksand on coastal beaches, multiple layers of wave-breaking cotton nets are provided in the wave-breaking section.

[0027] Preferably, in the above-mentioned experimental device for preventing quicksand on coastal beaches, a plurality of detection racks are further provided on the top edge of the experimental water tank, and wave height meters are installed on the detection racks.

[0028] Preferably, in the above-mentioned experimental device for preventing quicksand on a coastal beach, a crossbeam is provided above the experimental water tank, and a hook is slidably connected to the crossbeam, and the hook is used to transport sand for the experiment.

[0029] It can be seen from the above technical solutions that, compared with the prior art, the present invention discloses a maintenance method and experimental device for preventing sand drift on coastal beaches, which can fully simulate the sand drift phenomenon on beaches under natural conditions and provide experimental conditions close to reality for research. Through laboratory simulation, the high cost and high risk of large-scale engineering practice are avoided. It can dynamically simulate the dynamic changes of the beach and provide more accurate experimental data for research. It avoids the damage to the natural landscape and ecological environment caused by traditional sand drift methods and meets the requirements of ecological protection. The device is reasonably designed, low in cost, easy to operate and maintain, and suitable for wide application. Relevant parameters are optimized through experimental results, providing scientific basis and technical support for actual engineering applications, and promoting the development of sand drift prevention technology on coastal beaches. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without paying any creative work.

[0031] Figure 1 The accompanying drawing is a schematic diagram of the overall system of the experimental device provided by the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 The accompanying drawing is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the experimental device provided by the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3 The accompanying drawing is a schematic structural diagram of the wave-making section provided by the present invention;

[0034] Figure 4 The accompanying drawing is a schematic structural diagram of the wave elimination band provided by the present invention;

[0035] Figure 5 The accompanying drawing is a schematic structural diagram of the water absorption module provided by the present invention;

[0036] Figure 6 The accompanying drawing is a schematic structural diagram of the water suction pipe provided by the present invention;

[0037] Figure 7 The accompanying drawing is a schematic structural diagram of the detection frame provided by the present invention;

[0038] Figure 8 The accompanying drawing is a schematic structural diagram of the hook provided by the present invention.

[0039] in:

[0040] 1- Experimental water tank;

[0041] 11-wave-generating section; 111-wave-generating push plate; 112-linear reciprocating push mechanism; 12-experimental section; 13-wave-dissipating section; 131-wave-dissipating cotton net; 14-slideway;

[0042] 2-water absorption module;

[0043] 21-water suction pipe; 211-water suction hole; 22-water pump; 23-sand blocking filter layer;

[0044] 3- Water supply circulation system;

[0045] 31-circulating water pipeline; 32-water tank; 33-ultrafiltration water purifier; 34-water supply pump; 35-drain valve;

[0046] 4-Detection rack;

[0047] 41-first slide; 42-second slide; 43-vertical pole;

[0048] 5- crossbar;

[0049] 51-Hook. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0051] See attached Figure 1 To the attached Figure 6 , the embodiment of the present invention discloses an experimental device for preventing quicksand on a coastal beach:

[0052] The beach simulation system includes an experimental water tank 1, which includes a wave-generating section 11, an experimental section 12, and a wave-dissipating section 13 that are sequentially connected. The experimental section 12 is used to lay sand, and the wave-generating section 11 is used to generate waves and push the waves toward the experimental section 12 to the wave-dissipating section 13 for dissipation.

[0053] The water absorption module 2 includes a water absorption pipe 21 laid under the sand layer. The water absorption pipe 21 is provided with a water absorption hole 211 . The water absorption pipe 21 is connected to a water pump 22 . The water pump 22 is arranged outside the experimental water tank 1 .

[0054] The water suction holes 211 on the water suction pipe 21 are arranged at equal intervals, and the interval S is as follows:

[0055]

[0056] In the formula, L pipeis the length of the suction pipe, L hole is the length of the water suction hole, R is the radius of the water suction pipe, r is the radius of the water suction hole, P pipe is the internal pressure of the suction pipe, P hole is the internal pressure of the water absorption hole.

[0057] In the laying of the actual experiment, the suction pipe 21 is arranged parallel to the coastline of the beach simulation system or at a certain angle α, and groundwater is extracted through the suction pipe 21 on the suction pipe 21, where 0°<α≤60°.

[0058] like Figure 1 As shown, it also includes a water supply circulation system 3, which includes a circulating water pipeline 31 connected between the wave generating section 11 and the wave dissipation section 13. The circulating water pipeline 31 is provided with a water tank 32 and an ultrafiltration water purifier 33. The ultrafiltration water purifier 33 is arranged close to the wave dissipation section 13. A water supply pump 34 is provided on the pipeline between the water tank 32 and the wave generating section 11, a drain valve 35 is provided on the pipeline between the ultrafiltration water purifier 33 and the wave dissipation section 13, and a water pump 22 is connected to the ultrafiltration water purifier 33.

[0059] Through the above-mentioned water supply circulation system 3, the water tank 32 is used as a water source. The water supply pump 34 pumps water from the water tank 32 and supplies it to the wave-generating section 11. When the drain valve 35 is closed, it can simulate high tide. When the water supply pump 34 is closed and the drain valve 35 is opened, it can simulate low tide. At the same time, when simulating high tide, low tide, or neither high tide nor low tide, the wave-generating section 11 can cooperate to generate waves.

[0060] See attached Figure 6 , the outside of the water suction pipe 21 is wrapped with a sand blocking filter layer 23. In this embodiment, the sand blocking filter layer 23 is filter cotton or filter mesh.

[0061] See attached Figure 3 A reciprocating wave-making push plate 111 is provided in the wave-making section 11.

[0062] In this embodiment, a linear reciprocating displacement mechanism 112 is installed above the wave-making section 11. This mechanism is a conventional motor-driven lead screw slider structure. That is, the motor drives the lead screw to rotate, thereby causing a sliding seat threaded with the lead screw to perform linear displacement. The wave-making push plate 111 is fixedly connected to the sliding seat to drive the wave-making push plate 111 to move. The rotation speed of the motor can be controlled, and the movement frequency of the wave-making push plate 111 can be changed to control the wave-making effect.

[0063] See attached Figure 4 , a multi-layer wave-absorbing cotton mesh 131 is provided in the wave-absorbing section 13. In this embodiment, the wave-absorbing cotton mesh 131 is a dense metal mesh structure.

[0064] See attached Figure 7The top edge of the experimental water tank 1 is also provided with a plurality of detection racks 4, on which wave height meters are installed.

[0065] In this embodiment, the detection frame 4 is a three-dimensional structure. A slide 14 is provided on the top edge of the test flume 1. A first slide 41 is slidably connected to the slide 14, moving along the length of the test flume 1. A second slide 42, which is perpendicular to the length of the test flume 1, is slidably connected to the first slide 41. A vertical rod 43, which can also be a pneumatic or hydraulic cylinder, is connected to the second slide 42. The wave height meter is mounted at the bottom of the vertical rod 43 and can be adjusted.

[0066] In this embodiment, there are three detection racks 4 , which are respectively installed at both ends and the middle of the experimental section 12 .

[0067] See attached Figure 8 A crossbeam 5 is provided above the experimental water tank 1, and a hook 51 is slidably connected to the crossbeam 5. The hook 51 is used to transport sand for the experiment.

[0068] The experimental method of the experimental device for preventing quicksand on coastal beaches provided in this embodiment includes the following means:

[0069] First, a water absorption module 2 is set under the sand layer of the beach simulation system, and the water absorption module 2 pumps water to form an unsaturated zone in the sand layer near the water absorption module 2;

[0070] Then, during the water absorption process of the water absorption module 2, the beach simulation system is coordinated to perform tide simulation and wave simulation;

[0071] Finally, the effect of the anti-sand flow experiment is determined based on the water absorption effect of the water absorption module 2 and the state of the sand layer of the beach simulation system.

[0072] In this embodiment, the water absorption module 2 is disposed at the bottom of the intertidal zone of the beach during the tidal simulation process.

[0073] In this embodiment, the water absorption module 2 is located 0.3 m below the sand layer.

[0074] The principle behind the coastal beach anti-sand drift maintenance method provided in this embodiment is as follows: By controlling the water absorption of the water absorption module 2 within the sand layer in the intertidal zone of the beach, the distribution of the groundwater level can be adjusted, expanding the unsaturated zone of the beach sand layer to form an unsaturated strip parallel to the coastline. This creates a minimum water level near the water absorption module 2, increasing the adsorption and frictional forces on the surface sand, allowing the sand to naturally settle at the beach shoulder. By regulating the groundwater level, the sand transport state on the beach is influenced, maintaining an unsaturated groundwater state during high waves or high tides, reducing sediment suspension and concentration, slowing beach erosion, and improving beach stability during high waves or high tides. Depending on the season, the beach develops storm and non-storm profiles. During storm season, waves cause beach erosion, transporting sediment offshore and narrowing the beach width. During non-storm season, sand is slowly transported underwater to the beach shoulder, naturally accumulating and widening the beach.

[0075] This technology, based on the fundamental principles of hydrodynamics, allows beaches to recover naturally through the interaction of waves, currents, sand, and groundwater, thereby achieving coastal protection. By eliminating the need for rigid protective structures, the technology avoids altering the natural landscape of the coast and does not hinder the natural exchange of seawater and sand, resulting in minimal environmental impact. This technology maintains the pristine coastal landscape, safeguarding ecotourism and the stability of the marine ecosystem. By not hindering the exchange of seawater, it ensures the normal circulation of the marine ecosystem, promoting the survival and reproduction of marine life. Construction costs are low, eliminating the need for expensive specialized marine engineering technology and equipment, reducing the economic investment in coastal protection. Construction is simple and quick, shortening construction time and labor costs. In practical applications, through rational coastal planning and leveraging the natural topography and cyclical water flow, sediment is appropriately deposited in the beach shoulder area, promoting natural coastline recovery. Simultaneously, ecological restoration measures, such as planting appropriate coastal plants, can be combined to further enhance coastal stability and ecological function. The filtered water can be used for a wide range of purposes, including lagoons, recreational facilities, aquariums, and swimming pools. If filtered water is not used, the seawater can be returned to the sea by utilizing the gravitational potential energy through the terrain difference or by using a water pump.

[0076] Example 1:

[0077] The laboratory's simulated environment is virtually identical to a real beach environment. This experiment was conducted in strict accordance with the "Technical Specifications for Simulation Tests of Water Transport Engineering" (JTS / T231-2021), primarily referring to the Froude similarity criterion. When constructing the experimental model, we carefully selected model sand to ensure similar sediment initial behavior, while also fully considering key factors such as the sediment settling velocity ratio.

[0078] For example, the burial depth in the model must be precisely determined based on the model's geometric scale to maximize the reproduction of a realistic beach environment. Furthermore, this invention is specifically designed for sandy coasts, where the porosity of sand is approximately 0.4. Even with strong compaction, pores still exist between the sand on sandy coasts, allowing water to naturally penetrate.

[0079] Selecting an appropriate model scale can ensure the accuracy of simulated flow characteristics. For fluid mechanics research, it is necessary to ensure that the Reynolds number and other important dimensionless parameters remain consistent between the prototype and the model. The model scale for the overall physical model test has the following regulations: the overall physical model length scale should not be greater than 150; the original incident wave and the effective wave height of the irregular wave of the model should not be less than 2cm, and the spectral peak period should not be less than 0.8s; the model scale is determined based on factors such as the wave-making capacity of the wave maker, the scale of the test water tank and building structure, and the measurement accuracy of the test instrument. The test conditions should be fully utilized and a smaller model scale should be used. Model test design should be based on similarity theory and dimensional analysis, and the corresponding similarity criteria should be followed between the model and the prototype.

[0080] Froude similarity criterion (also called gravity similarity criterion):

[0081] When water flows through the beach area, the main force is gravity. By replacing F in Newton's law with gravity, the similarity criterion under the action of gravity can be obtained. The Froude number between the model and the prototype must be equal.

[0082] Gravity can be expressed as:

[0083]

[0084] Newton's Laws:

[0085]

[0086] The scale format is:

[0087]

[0088]

[0089] Depend on ,have to:

[0090]

[0091] because ,

[0092] Flow rate scale:

[0093]

[0094] Time scale:

[0095]

[0096] Length scale:

[0097]

[0098] Pressure scale:

[0099]

[0100] Force scale:

[0101]

[0102] Where L0 is the prototype length of the building; L m is the length of the building model.

[0103] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, first, an experimental water tank 1 with a length of 48.5m, a width of 0.8m, and a height of 1.5m is set up. The water tank supports experimental requirements under various conditions such as stable water flow, waves, and interaction between waves and water flow (wave-current coupling). Thereafter, a sand layer is laid in the water tank and water is poured in; then, a water suction pipe 21 and a water pump 22 are set up, and one end of the water suction pipe 21 is connected to the water pump 22.

[0104] During the experiment, the suction pipe 21 was buried 0.3m below the sand layer (simulated at a scale of 1:10). In the initial stage, the water level in the water tank was relatively stable. At this time, the water in the sand layer was saturated or nearly saturated. The gaps between the sand particles were filled with water, and the sand layer around the water pump suction pipe was also soaked with water. When the water pump 22 was started, the suction force of the suction pipe 21 first absorbed the water in the pores of the sand layer around it. The water was quickly sucked into the suction pipe 21, causing the sand layer around the suction pipe 21 to partially saturate. A decrease in water pressure occurred; subsequently, as the water in the sand layer was continuously sucked into the suction pipe, the water level in the water tank began to drop rapidly. During this process, the water in the sand layer formed a seepage layer that flowed toward the suction pipe 21; as the water level continued to drop, the water in the sand layer far away from the suction pipe 21 would slowly flow to the location of the suction pipe 21 under the dual effects of gravity and hydraulic gradient to replenish. At this time, the sand layer around the suction pipe had become relatively dry, and the remaining water in the water tank was mainly concentrated in the area far away from the suction pipe 21 or at the bottom of the sand layer.

[0105] Experiments have shown that the system of this embodiment can effectively lower the water level in the sand layer and expand the scope of the unsaturated zone of the water body in the sand layer.

[0106] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on the differences from other embodiments. Reference can be made to the common and similar parts between the various embodiments. For the devices disclosed in the embodiments, since they correspond to the methods disclosed in the embodiments, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant parts can be referred to the method description.

[0107] The above description of the disclosed embodiments is intended to enable one skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to one skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments shown herein but is intended to conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. An experimental device for preventing quicksand on coastal beaches, characterized in that: include: Beach simulation system; The beach simulation system comprises: an experimental water tank (1), wherein the experimental water tank (1) comprises a wave-making section (11), an experimental section (12), and a wave-breaking section (13) which are sequentially connected and arranged; the experimental section (12) is used for laying sand, and the wave-making section (11) is used for generating waves and pushing the waves toward the experimental section (12) and then to the wave-breaking section (13) for breaking the waves; It also includes a water absorption module (2) and a water supply circulation system (3); The water absorption module (2) comprises a water absorption pipe (21) laid under the sand layer, the water absorption pipe (21) is provided with a water absorption hole (211), the water absorption pipe (21) is connected to a water pump (22), and the water pump (22) is arranged outside the experimental water tank (1); The water supply circulation system (3) includes a circulating water pipeline (31) connected between the wave generating section (11) and the wave eliminating section (13), the circulating water pipeline (31) is provided with a water tank (32) and an ultrafiltration water purifier (33), the ultrafiltration water purifier (33) is arranged close to the wave eliminating section (13), a water supply pump (34) is provided on the pipeline between the water tank (32) and the wave generating section (11), a drain valve (35) is provided on the pipeline between the ultrafiltration water purifier (33) and the wave eliminating section (13), and the water pump (22) is connected to the ultrafiltration water purifier (33); The water tank (32) is used as a water source through the water supply circulation system (3), and water is pumped from the water tank (32) and supplied to the wave-making section (11) through the water supply pump (34). When the drain valve (35) is closed, high tide is simulated. When the water supply pump (34) is closed and the drain valve (35) is opened, low tide is simulated. At the same time, in the case of simulating high tide, simulating low tide, or neither high tide nor low tide, wave generation is performed in cooperation with the wave-making section (11); The maintenance method of preventing quicksand on coastal beaches using the experimental device is as follows: First, a water absorption module (2) is arranged below the sand layer of the beach simulation system, and the water absorption module (2) pumps water so that an unsaturated zone is formed in the sand layer near the water absorption module (2); Then, during the water absorption process of the water absorption module (2), the beach simulation system is coordinated to perform tide simulation and wave simulation; Finally, the effect of the anti-sand flow experiment is determined based on the water absorption effect of the water absorption module (2) and the state of the sand layer of the beach simulation system; The water suction holes (211) on the water suction pipe (21) are arranged at equal intervals, and the spacing is S as follows: ； In the formula, L pipe is the length of the suction pipe, L hole is the length of the water absorption hole, R is the radius of the suction pipe, r is the radius of the water absorption hole, P pipe is the internal pressure of the suction pipe, P hole is the internal pressure of the water absorption hole; The water suction pipe (21) is arranged parallel to the coastline of the beach simulation system or at an angle α, and groundwater is extracted through the water suction hole (211) on the water suction pipe (21), wherein 0°<α≤60°.

2. The experimental device for preventing quicksand on coastal beaches according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water absorption module (2) is arranged at the bottom of the intertidal zone area of the beach during the tidal simulation process.

3. The experimental device for preventing quicksand on coastal beaches according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water absorption module (2) is arranged 0.3 m below the sand layer.

4. The experimental device for preventing quicksand on coastal beaches according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer side of the water suction pipe (21) is wrapped with a sand blocking filter layer (23).

5. The experimental device for preventing quicksand on coastal beaches according to claim 1, characterized in that: A reciprocating wave-making push plate (111) is provided in the wave-making section (11).

6. The experimental device for preventing quicksand on coastal beaches according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wave-absorbing section (13) is provided with multiple layers of wave-absorbing cotton nets (131).

7. The experimental device for preventing quicksand on coastal beaches according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of detection racks (4) are further provided on the top edge of the experimental water tank (1), and wave height meters are installed on the detection racks (4).

8. The experimental device for preventing quicksand on coastal beaches according to claim 1, characterized in that: A crossbeam (5) is provided above the experimental water tank (1), and a hook (51) is slidably connected to the crossbeam (5), and the hook (51) is used to transport sand for the experiment.

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