Method and apparatus for determining static correction variations and variations in interpreted bed behavior

Abstract

The application discloses a method and device for determining static correction quantity change and change of interpreted horizon occurrence, and belongs to the field of geophysical exploration. The application obtains a target interpreted horizon of a common point stack data volume of a set of static correction quantity through manual picking, and obtains a target interpreted horizon of a common point stack data volume corresponding to another set of static correction quantity through calculation combined with the coordinates of shot points, geophones and common points of the stack data. The best static correction quantity is selected through reasonable judgment of the occurrence of each interpreted horizon. The application also provides a device for realizing the above method. The application can be applied to geophysical exploration.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of geophysical exploration and relates to a method and a device for determining static correction changes and interpreting layer occurrence changes. Background Art

[0002] During seismic data processing, static correction is often performed to calibrate the data to a uniform datum, eliminating the effects of factors such as surface elevation variations, variations in velocity thickness within the low-velocity zone, and varying shot depths. Currently, there is no unified formula for solving this static correction problem. Various static correction methods and software yield different static correction values. Even with the same method and software, different calculation parameters yield different static correction values. Therefore, it is crucial to select the optimal set of static correction values ​​for subsequent seismic exploration.

[0003] The conventional method is to use multiple calculation methods to obtain multiple sets of static correction values ​​for the same original seismic data, manually pick interpretation layers for each set of static correction values, analyze the information of each interpretation layer, and select the optimal static correction value. This method has the problems of low work efficiency, large time consumption and labor costs.

[0004] In summary, there is an urgent need to provide a new method to solve the problem of low efficiency in selecting the best static correction value in the existing technology, and the need to apply multiple sets of static correction values ​​to the common center point stacked data volume and manually pick the interpretation horizons respectively. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide a method and apparatus for determining changes in static corrections and changes in the strike of interpreted horizons. This method requires only applying a set of static corrections for a single stacking operation and manually picking a relevant target interpretation horizon. For other static corrections in the same original seismic data, there is no need to reapply the static corrections to the seismic data and manually pick interpretation horizons in a common center point stacked data volume formed by stack imaging. The strike information obtained for each interpreted horizon is analyzed, and the optimal static correction is selected, thereby achieving improved accuracy and efficiency.

[0006] Another object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus for executing the above method.

[0007] In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0008] A method for determining static correction changes and interpreting horizon occurrence changes comprises the following steps performed in sequence:

[0009] S1. Data Preprocessing

[0010] Static correction method I is used to calculate the original seismic data to obtain static correction value I. Static correction value I is applied to the seismic data. A target interpretation horizon is picked on the common center point stacked data volume formed by stack imaging to obtain the target interpretation horizon file I and the corresponding interpretation horizon occurrence I.

[0011] Selecting static correction method II to calculate the original seismic data to obtain static correction amount II;

[0012] The target interpretation layer file I includes the X coordinate, Y coordinate and interpretation layer T0 of the common center point stacking data body;

[0013] S2. Data Processing

[0014] Taking the static correction value of the detection point, the τ value of the shot point, the static correction value II and the target interpretation layer file I for spatial interpolation, the target interpretation layer file II is obtained;

[0015] S3. Interpretation of the occurrence of the horizon

[0016] Through the target interpretation layer file II, the interpretation layer occurrence II corresponding to the static correction amount II is displayed;

[0017] S4. Determination of the optimal static correction

[0018] By analyzing the occurrence of each interpreted layer, the optimal static correction value is selected.

[0019] Furthermore, the spatial interpolation method in step S2 is:

[0020] S21. Input the target interpretation horizon file into the device with several columns of spatial interpolation, the corresponding relationship is as follows:

[0021] Column A is the receiver point pile number data, column B is the receiver point X coordinate data, column C is the receiver point Y coordinate data, column D is the receiver point static correction data of static correction value I, column E is the receiver point static correction data of static correction value II, column F is the difference between the data in column D and column E, and column G is twice the data in column F. After the above text, continue to enter the X and Y coordinate data of the common center point stacking data volume of the target interpretation layer file I in the vertical suffix, and perform spatial interpolation on the data in column G to obtain the approximate change a of the interpreted layer attitude due to the change of static correction value I and static correction value II;

[0022] S22. Input the target interpretation horizon file into another device having several columns of spatial interpolation, the corresponding relationship of which is as follows:

[0023] Column A is the detection point pile number data, column B is the detection point X coordinate data, column C is the detection point Y coordinate data, after the above text, continue to input the shot point pile number data, shot point X coordinate data, shot point Y coordinate data and shot point τ value data in the vertical suffix, and store them in columns A, B, C and D respectively. Perform spatial interpolation on the entire column D data to obtain the τ value in the plumb direction of the detection point. Then, continue to input the X coordinate data and Y coordinate data of the common center point stacking data volume of the target interpretation layer file I in the vertical suffix after the above text, and store them in columns B and C respectively. Perform spatial interpolation on the data in column D to obtain the influence value b of the error value change caused by the shot point τ value on the change in the interpretation layer attitude at the common center point stacking data volume position;

[0024] S23. Subtract the change influence value b from the approximate change a and add the resultant to the interpretation layer T0 of the static correction I, which is the interpretation layer T0 in the target interpretation layer file II of the static correction II.

[0025] Furthermore, the interpreted stratum occurrence in step S3 is displayed as:

[0026] The target interpretation layer file II is written into the seismic stacking data volume header of the static correction amount I in the manner of the X coordinate and Y coordinate of the common center point stacking data volume as an index, and the interpretation layer attitude II corresponding to the static correction amount II is displayed.

[0027] Furthermore, the interpreted stratum occurrence in step S3 is displayed as:

[0028] The interpretation horizon T0 in the target interpretation horizon file II is mapped into a contour plane to display the interpretation horizon attitude II corresponding to the static correction amount II.

[0029] Furthermore, n other static correction methods different from static correction method I and static correction method II are selected to replace the static correction method II, respectively, and the original seismic data are calculated to obtain n corresponding static correction quantities, and steps S2 and S3 are performed respectively to display the occurrence of n interpreted horizons corresponding to the n static correction quantities;

[0030] The n is a natural number.

[0031] Furthermore, the optimal static correction value in step S4 is obtained by comparing the contour plane of the interpreted layer occurrence corresponding to each static correction value with the contour plane of the formation at T0 of the actual drilling well, and the static correction value corresponding to the interpreted layer occurrence with the highest degree of fit is selected as the optimal static correction value.

[0032] Furthermore, the static correction methods include: refraction wave static correction method, generalized linear inversion static correction method and tomographic static correction method.

[0033] The present invention also provides a device for determining static correction changes and interpreting changes in horizon attitude, comprising:

[0034] Data preprocessing unit: used to apply the static correction value I obtained by any static correction method to the seismic data, pick a target interpretation horizon on the formed common center point stack data volume through stack imaging, and obtain the target interpretation horizon file I and the corresponding interpretation horizon occurrence I; used to obtain the static correction value II obtained by another static correction method;

[0035] Data processing unit: used to obtain target interpretation layer file II of static correction value II;

[0036] Interpretation layer occurrence display unit: used to display the interpretation layer occurrence II corresponding to the static correction value II;

[0037] Optimal static correction value determination unit: used to select the optimal static correction value.

[0038] Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the present invention has the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:

[0039] (1) The method for determining the change of static correction amount and the change of interpretation layer attitude provided by the present invention only needs to apply a set of static correction amounts for one stacking and manually pick a related target interpretation layer. For other static correction amounts in the same original seismic data, there is no need to apply the static correction amounts again to the common center point stacking data volume formed by stacking imaging of the seismic data to manually pick the interpretation layer, and accurate and reliable corresponding interpretation layer attitude data can be obtained. By analyzing the attitude data of each interpretation layer, the optimal static correction amount can be determined and selected, thereby accelerating the comprehensive analysis speed;

[0040] (2) The method provided by the present invention for determining static correction changes and interpreting horizon dip changes can be applied to complex surfaces, thereby improving the progress and quality of seismic data processing;

[0041] (3) The method provided by the present invention for determining the change of static correction and interpreting the change of horizon attitude provides a powerful means for further studying and solving the long wavelength and inverse attitude problems of static correction, optimizing the current static correction method and various static correction parameters, and selecting the optimal static correction.

[0042] (4) The device provided by the present invention can quickly and effectively determine the relationship between the change in static correction amount and the change in interpreted layer attitude. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0043] The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0044] Figure 1It is a superposition diagram of the interpreted horizon strike II corresponding to the static correction value II in Example 1 and the common center point superimposed section to which the static correction value I is applied;

[0045] Figure 2 A map of the interpreted horizon strike II corresponding to the static correction value II in Example 1 is formed;

[0046] Figure 3 This is a contour line diagram of the formation at time T0 of the actual drilling in Example 1;

[0047] Figure 4 is the interpreted horizon occurrence I corresponding to the static correction value I in Example 1;

[0048] Figure 5 This is a fitting diagram of the correlation between the occurrence of the layer I explained in Example 1 and the formation T0 of the actual drilling;

[0049] Figure 6 is the interpreted horizon attitude II corresponding to the static correction value II in Example 1;

[0050] Figure 7 This is a fitting diagram of the correlation between the occurrence of the layer II explained in Example 1 and the formation T0 of the actual drilling;

[0051] Figure 8 is the interpreted horizon attitude III corresponding to the static correction value III in Example 1;

[0052] Figure 9 This is a fitting diagram of the correlation between the occurrence of the layer III explained in Example 1 and the formation T0 of the actual drilling;

[0053] Figure 10 This is a flow chart of the device for determining the change in static correction amount and interpreting the change in layer attitude in Example 2, wherein: 1. Data preprocessing unit; 2. Data processing unit; 3. Interpretation layer attitude display unit; 4. Optimal static correction amount determination unit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0054] The present invention will be further described in detail below through specific embodiments. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are only used to illustrate and understand the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0055] Example 1: A method for determining static correction changes and interpreting changes in horizon occurrence

[0056] This embodiment is a method for determining static correction changes and interpreting horizon dip changes based on the loess plateau region, including the following steps performed in sequence:

[0057] S1. Data Preprocessing

[0058] The refraction wave static correction method is selected to calculate the original seismic data to obtain the static correction value I. The static correction value I is applied to the seismic data. A target interpretation horizon is picked on the formed common center point stacked data volume through stack imaging to obtain the target interpretation horizon file I and the corresponding interpretation horizon occurrence I.

[0059] The generalized linear inversion static correction method is used to calculate the original seismic data to obtain the static correction value II;

[0060] The tomographic static correction method is used to calculate the original seismic data to obtain the static correction value III;

[0061] The target interpretation layer file I includes the X coordinate, Y coordinate and interpretation layer T0 of the common center point stacking data body;

[0062] S2. Data Processing

[0063] S21. Input the target interpretation horizon file into the device with several columns of spatial interpolation, the corresponding relationship is as follows:

[0064] Column A is the detection point pile number data, column B is the detection point X coordinate data, column C is the detection point Y coordinate data, column D is the detection point static correction data of static correction value I, column E is the detection point static correction data of static correction value II, column F is the difference between the data in column D and column E, and column G is twice the data in column F. After the above text, continue to enter the X coordinate data and Y coordinate data of the common center point stacking data volume of the target interpretation layer file I in the vertical suffix, and perform spatial interpolation on the data in column G to obtain the approximate change a of the interpretation layer attitude due to the change of static correction value I and static correction value II;

[0065] S22. Input the target interpretation horizon file into another device having several columns of spatial interpolation, the corresponding relationship of which is as follows:

[0066] Column A is the detection point pile number data, column B is the detection point X coordinate data, column C is the detection point Y coordinate data, after the above text, continue to input the shot point pile number data, shot point X coordinate data, shot point Y coordinate data and shot point τ value data in the vertical suffix, and store them in columns A, B, C and D respectively. Perform spatial interpolation on the entire column D data to obtain the τ value in the plumb direction of the detection point. Then, continue to input the X coordinate data and Y coordinate data of the common center point stacking data volume of the target interpretation layer file I in the vertical suffix after the above text, and store them in columns B and C respectively. Perform spatial interpolation on the data in column D to obtain the influence value b of the error value change caused by the shot point τ value on the change in the interpretation layer attitude at the common center point stacking data volume position;

[0067] S23. Subtract the change influence value b from the approximate change a, and add the result to the interpretation horizon T0 corresponding to the static correction value I, to obtain the interpretation horizon T0 in the target interpretation horizon file II corresponding to the static correction value II;

[0068] When the interpretation layer T0 in the target interpretation layer file III corresponding to the static correction value III is obtained using the same steps as above;

[0069] S3. Interpretation of the occurrence of the horizon

[0070] The target interpretation layer file II is written into the seismic stacking data volume header of the static correction amount I by using the X coordinate and Y coordinate of the common center point stacking data volume as the index and the header is displayed, as shown in the following example: Figure 1 As shown in the figure, the interpreted layer attitude II corresponding to the static correction value II is shown. Figure 2 As shown;

[0071] The interpretation horizon in the target interpretation horizon file III is mapped with contour lines at time T0 to display the interpretation horizon attitude III corresponding to the static correction value III;

[0072] S4. Determination of the optimal static correction

[0073] According to the comparison between the contour plane of the interpreted layer occurrence corresponding to the above three static correction values ​​and the contour plane of the formation at T0 of the actual drilling, the static correction value corresponding to the interpreted layer occurrence with the highest degree of agreement is selected as the optimal static correction value, such as Figures 3 to 9 As shown,

[0074] Figure 3 is the contour line plane of the formation at T0 of the actual drilling, Figure 4 is the interpreted horizon attitude I corresponding to the static correction value I, Figure 5 To explain the correlation fitting diagram between the occurrence of the layer Ⅰ and the formation T0 of the actual drilling well, Figure 6 is the interpreted layer attitude II corresponding to the static correction value II, Figure 7 To explain the correlation fitting diagram between the occurrence of layer II and the formation T0 of the actual drilling well, Figure 8 is the interpreted layer attitude III corresponding to the static correction value III, Figure 9 To explain the correlation fitting diagram between the occurrence of layer III and the formation T0 of the actual drilling well,

[0075] The correlation between the three interpreted horizons obtained by the three static correction methods and the contour plane diagram of the formation at T0 during actual drilling is shown in Table 1:

[0076] Table 1

[0077] Static correction method Interpretation of stratigraphic occurrence number Well-seismic correlation Refraction Wave Static Correction Method Ⅰ 85.49％ Generalized Linear Inversion Statics Ⅱ 86.54％ Tomographic static correction method Ⅲ 90.39％

[0078] It can be seen from Table 1 that the static correction value III corresponding to the interpreted layer attitude III with the highest degree of agreement is the optimal static correction value.

[0079] The above experimental results show that the present invention only needs to apply a set of static correction values ​​for one stacking and manually pick a related target interpretation layer. For several other static correction values ​​calculated using the same original seismic data, there is no need to apply the static correction values ​​to the seismic data again. By manually picking the target interpretation layer in the common center point stacking data volume formed by stacking imaging, accurate and reliable corresponding interpretation layer occurrence data can be obtained, and the optimal static correction value can be determined based on the degree of fit between the interpretation layer occurrence data and the actual drilling structural trend.

[0080] Example 2: A device for determining static correction changes and interpreting changes in horizon attitude

[0081] Figure 10 A flow chart of a device for determining static correction changes and interpreting horizon attitude changes according to one embodiment of the present invention is shown, including:

[0082] Data preprocessing unit 1: used to apply the static correction value I obtained by any static correction method to the seismic data, pick a target interpretation horizon on the formed common center point stack data volume through stack imaging, and obtain the target interpretation horizon file I and the corresponding interpretation horizon occurrence I; used to obtain the static correction value II obtained by another static correction method;

[0083] Data processing unit 2: used to obtain target interpretation layer file II of static correction value II;

[0084] Interpretation layer occurrence display unit 3: used to display the interpretation layer occurrence II corresponding to the static correction value II;

[0085] Optimal static correction value determination unit 4: used to select the optimal static correction value.

[0086] It should be noted that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art may still modify the technical solutions described in the above embodiments or replace some of the technical features therein with equivalents. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for determining static correction changes and interpreting horizon dip changes, characterized in that: The process includes the following steps: S1. Data Preprocessing Static correction method I is used to calculate the original seismic data to obtain static correction value I. Static correction value I is applied to the seismic data. A target interpretation horizon is picked on the formed common center point stacked data volume through stack imaging to obtain the target interpretation horizon file I and the corresponding interpretation horizon occurrence I. Selecting static correction method II to calculate the original seismic data to obtain static correction amount II; The target interpretation layer file I includes the X coordinate, Y coordinate and interpretation layer T0 of the common center point stacking data body; S2. Data Processing Taking the static correction value of the detection point, the τ value of the shot point, the static correction value II and the target interpretation layer file I for spatial interpolation, the target interpretation layer file II is obtained; S3. Interpretation of the occurrence of the horizon Through the target interpretation layer file II, the interpretation layer occurrence II corresponding to the static correction amount II is displayed; S4. Determination of the optimal static correction By analyzing the occurrence of each interpreted layer, the best static correction value is selected; The spatial interpolation method in step S2 is: S21. Input the target interpretation horizon file into the device with several columns of spatial interpolation, the corresponding relationship is as follows: Column A is the detection point pile number data, column B is the detection point X coordinate data, column C is the detection point Y coordinate data, column D is the detection point static correction data of static correction value I, column E is the detection point static correction data of static correction value II, column F is the difference between the data in column D and column E, and column G is twice the data in column F. After the above text, continue to enter the X coordinate data and Y coordinate data of the common center point stacking data volume of the target interpretation layer file I in the vertical suffix, and perform spatial interpolation on the data in column G to obtain the approximate change a of the interpretation layer attitude due to the change of static correction value I and static correction value II; S22. Input the target interpretation horizon file into another device having several columns of spatial interpolation, the corresponding relationship of which is as follows: Column A is the detection point pile number data, column B is the detection point X coordinate data, column C is the detection point Y coordinate data, after the above text, continue to input the shot point pile number data, shot point X coordinate data, shot point Y coordinate data and shot point τ value data in the vertical suffix, and store them in columns A, B, C and D respectively. Perform spatial interpolation on the entire column D data to obtain the τ value in the plumb direction of the detection point. Then, continue to input the X coordinate data and Y coordinate data of the common center point stacking data volume of the target interpretation layer file I in the vertical suffix after the above text, and store them in columns B and C respectively. Perform spatial interpolation on the data in column D to obtain the influence value b of the error value change caused by the shot point τ value on the change in the interpretation layer attitude at the common center point stacking data volume position; S23. Subtract the change influence value b from the approximate change a and add the resultant to the interpretation layer T0 of the static correction I, which is the interpretation layer T0 in the target interpretation layer file II of the static correction II.

2. The method for determining static correction changes and interpreting horizon attitude changes according to claim 1, wherein: The interpreted horizon occurrence II in step S3 is displayed as: The target interpretation layer file II is written into the seismic stacking data volume header of the static correction amount I in the manner of the X coordinate and Y coordinate of the common center point stacking data volume as an index, and the interpretation layer attitude II corresponding to the static correction amount II is displayed.

3. The method for determining static correction changes and interpreting horizon occurrence changes according to claim 1, wherein: The interpreted horizon occurrence II in step S3 is displayed as: The interpretation horizon T0 in the target interpretation horizon file II is mapped into a contour plane to display the interpretation horizon attitude II corresponding to the static correction amount II.

4. The method for determining static correction changes and interpreting stratum occurrence changes according to claim 1, wherein: Selecting n other static correction methods different from static correction method I and static correction method II, respectively replacing the static correction method II, calculating the original seismic data, and obtaining n corresponding static correction quantities, respectively performing steps S2 and S3, and displaying the occurrence of n interpreted horizons corresponding to the n static correction quantities; The n is a natural number.

5. The method for determining static correction changes and interpreting stratum occurrence changes according to claim 4, wherein: The optimal static correction value in step S4 is obtained by comparing the contour plane of the interpreted layer occurrence corresponding to each static correction value with the contour plane of the formation at T0 of the actual drilling well. The static correction value corresponding to the interpreted layer occurrence with the highest degree of fit is selected as the optimal static correction value.

6. The method for determining static correction changes and interpreting horizon dip changes according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: Static correction methods include: refraction wave static correction method, generalized linear inversion static correction method and tomographic static correction method.

7. A device for determining static correction changes and interpreting horizon dip changes based on the method of any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: include: Data preprocessing unit: used to apply the static correction value I obtained by any static correction method to the seismic data, pick a target interpretation horizon on the formed common center point stack data volume through stack imaging, and obtain the target interpretation horizon file I and the corresponding interpretation horizon occurrence I; used to obtain the static correction value II obtained by another static correction method; Data processing unit: used to obtain target interpretation layer file II of static correction value II; Interpretation layer occurrence display unit: used to display the interpretation layer occurrence II corresponding to the static correction value II; Optimal static correction value determination unit: used to select the optimal static correction value.

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