Prevention and treatment method for fruit tree yellow rot

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for preventing and treating yellow disease of fruit trees, which belongs to the technical field of agricultural disease and pest control, overcomes the defects of other technologies, and is a method for radically treating element-deficient yellow disease (such as iron deficiency, magnesium deficiency, zinc deficiency and the like). Spraying on leaf surfaces; fertilizing the roots; through the method, fruit tree yellows can be effectively and radically treated, and healthy growth of fruit trees is recovered; the method can effectively control occurrence and spreading of the fruit tree yellow flower disease, reduces use of chemical agents, reduces harm to the environment and human health, and is easy to operate, low in cost and easy to popularize.

Description

Technical Field

[0002] The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural pest control, and in particular to a method for controlling yellow flower disease of fruit trees. Background Art

[0003] Fruit tree yellowing disease is a systemic disease caused by phytoplasmas, which mainly harms fruit trees such as apples, pears, peaches, and plums. The disease can cause yellowing, shrinkage, and deformity of fruit tree leaves, and the fruit becomes smaller and deformed. In severe cases, it can even lead to the death of fruit trees. Fruit tree yellowing disease is a common physiological disease, mainly caused by nutritional imbalance, pathogen infection, soil problems or environmental stress. The following are the main treatment methods and their shortcomings: Nutritional regulation methods improve yellowing symptoms by supplementing deficient nutrients (such as iron, zinc, magnesium, etc.). Common methods include foliar spraying or soil fertilization, which has low absorption efficiency and short-term foliar spraying effects; soil fertilization is affected by soil pH and structure, and the absorption effect is unstable; Excessive risk Excessive fertilization may lead to other nutritional imbalances or soil pollution.

[0004] Soil improvement methods, which alleviate chlorosis by adjusting soil pH, increasing organic matter or improving drainage, have the disadvantages of being slow to take effect, requiring a long time for soil improvement, and failing to quickly alleviate symptoms; they are also costly, and large-scale soil improvement requires a lot of investment.

[0005] Pathogen control methods: If the chlorosis is caused by pathogens, use fungicides or biological control methods. The disadvantage is drug resistance; long-term use of chemical fungicides may cause pathogens to develop drug resistance; environmental impact: chemical agents may have a negative impact on the soil and ecosystem.

[0006] The water management method avoids excessive or insufficient water through reasonable irrigation and drainage. Its disadvantages are that it is complex to manage, requires precise control, and is difficult to operate; the facility cost is high, and the installation of irrigation and drainage systems requires high investment.

[0007] The method of breeding disease-resistant varieties and breeding fruit tree varieties resistant to yellowing disease has the disadvantage of a long cycle, and breeding requires many years.

[0008] Limitations: disease-resistant varieties may be less adaptable to other diseases or environmental conditions.

[0009] The integrated management approach combines a variety of means such as nutrient regulation, soil improvement, and pathogen control. Its disadvantages are high technical requirements and the need for a high level of technology and management; high costs, and integrated management requires more resources and funds. Summary of the invention

[0010] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for preventing and treating fruit tree yellowing disease based on the specific causes of fruit tree yellowing disease (such as nutrient deficiency, disease, soil problems, etc.), which makes up for the shortcomings of other technologies. The purpose of the present invention is achieved by the following method: The radical cure for chlorosis caused by deficiency (such as iron deficiency, magnesium deficiency, zinc deficiency, etc.) is to improve the soil, adjust the soil pH to the appropriate range (usually 5.5-6.5), and increase the organic matter content; spray on the leaves to directly supplement the deficient elements; fertilize the roots to supplement the deficient elements through soil fertilization; specific parameters, soil pH adjustment, use lime (CaCO3) or sulfur (S) to adjust the pH, the amount is determined according to the soil test results, usually the amount of lime is 1-2 tons / hectare, and the amount of sulfur is 0.5-1 ton / hectare; foliar spraying, iron deficiency: spray 0.1%-0.2% ferrous sulfate (FeSO4) solution, spray once every 7-10 days, for 2-3 times; magnesium deficiency: spray 0.5%-1% magnesium sulfate (MgSO4) solution, spray once every 10-15 days, for 2-3 times; Zinc deficiency: Spray 0.1%-0.2% zinc sulfate (ZnSO4) solution once every 7-10 days, for 2-3 times in a row.

[0011] Root fertilization, iron deficiency: apply 50-100 grams of chelated iron (such as EDTA-Fe) to each fruit tree; magnesium deficiency, apply 100-200 grams of magnesium sulfate to each fruit tree; zinc deficiency, apply 50-100 grams of zinc sulfate to each fruit tree.

[0012] For chlorosis caused by diseases (such as viruses, fungi, and bacterial infections), the radical cure method is to first diagnose the disease and determine the specific pathogen through laboratory testing; remove diseased plants and completely remove seriously infected plants to prevent their spread; use chemical control and use targeted chemicals for prevention and control; enhance tree vigor and improve the disease resistance of fruit trees through reasonable fertilization, pruning and other measures.

[0013] Specific parameters: For viral diseases, remove diseased plants and destroy them to prevent spread; use antiviral agents (such as Ningnanmycin) for spraying at a concentration of 500-800 times, spray once every 7-10 days, for 2-3 times in a row; for fungal diseases, use broad-spectrum fungicides (such as carbendazim, mancozeb) at a concentration of 800-1000 times, spray once every 7-10 days, for 2-3 times in a row; for bacterial diseases, use copper preparations (such as copper hydroxide) for spraying at a concentration of 500-800 times, spray once every 7-10 days, for 2-3 times in a row.

[0014] The cure for chlorosis caused by soil problems (such as soil compaction and poor drainage) is to improve soil structure, improve soil permeability through deep plowing, increasing the application of organic fertilizers, etc.; build a drainage system, build drainage ditches in low-lying areas to prevent water accumulation; and irrigate reasonably, avoid excessive irrigation, and maintain appropriate soil moisture.

[0015] Specific parameters: deep plowing of the soil to a depth of 30-50 cm, application of 20-30 tons of decomposed organic fertilizer per hectare; drainage ditch construction, ditch depth of 30-50 cm, ditch spacing of 5-10 meters, slope of 0.5%-1%; irrigation control, maintain soil moisture at 60%-70%, avoid overwatering.

[0016] Comprehensive management measures and radical cure methods, first of all, are regular monitoring, regular inspection of the growth of fruit trees, timely detection and handling of problems; balanced fertilization, according to the results of soil tests, formulate scientific fertilization plans; disease and pest prevention, strengthen orchard management, and reduce the occurrence of diseases and pests.

[0017] Specific parameters: soil test: conduct soil test at least once a year and adjust fertilization plan; fertilization plan: nitrogen (N): 200-300 grams per fruit tree per year; phosphorus (P2O5): 100-150 grams per fruit tree per year; potassium (K2O): 150-200 grams per fruit tree per year; disease and pest prevention: conduct orchard inspections once a month and deal with diseases and pests in a timely manner.

[0018] 1. Accurate diagnosis: The cause of chlorosis is complex and requires laboratory testing to determine the specific cause.

[0019] 2. Comprehensive prevention and control. The effect of a single measure is limited and it needs to be combined with soil improvement, fertilization, pest and disease control and other means.

[0020] 3. Continuous management. The cure for chlorosis requires long-term management, regular monitoring and adjustment of measures.

[0021] Through the above methods, the chlorosis of fruit trees can be effectively cured and the healthy growth of fruit trees can be restored.

[0022] The invention can effectively control the occurrence and spread of yellow flower disease of fruit trees, reduce the use of chemical agents, and reduce the harm to the environment and human health. It is simple to operate, low in cost, and easy to promote. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The present invention is achieved by the following method: The radical cure for chlorosis caused by deficiency (such as iron deficiency, magnesium deficiency, zinc deficiency, etc.) is to improve the soil, adjust the soil pH to the appropriate range (usually 5.5-6.5), and increase the organic matter content; spray on the leaves to directly supplement the deficient elements; fertilize the roots to supplement the deficient elements through soil fertilization; specific parameters, soil pH adjustment, use lime (CaCO3) or sulfur (S) to adjust the pH, the amount is determined according to the soil test results, usually the amount of lime is 1-2 tons / hectare, and the amount of sulfur is 0.5-1 ton / hectare; foliar spraying, iron deficiency: spray 0.1%-0.2% ferrous sulfate (FeSO4) solution, spray once every 7-10 days, for 2-3 times; magnesium deficiency: spray 0.5%-1% magnesium sulfate (MgSO4) solution, spray once every 10-15 days, for 2-3 times; Zinc deficiency: Spray 0.1%-0.2% zinc sulfate (ZnSO4) solution once every 7-10 days, for 2-3 times in a row.

[0024] Root fertilization, iron deficiency: apply 50-100 grams of chelated iron (such as EDTA-Fe) to each fruit tree; magnesium deficiency, apply 100-200 grams of magnesium sulfate to each fruit tree; zinc deficiency, apply 50-100 grams of zinc sulfate to each fruit tree.

[0025] For chlorosis caused by diseases (such as viruses, fungi, and bacterial infections), the radical cure method is to first diagnose the disease and determine the specific pathogen through laboratory testing; remove diseased plants and completely remove seriously infected plants to prevent their spread; use chemical control and use targeted chemicals for prevention and control; enhance tree vigor and improve the disease resistance of fruit trees through reasonable fertilization, pruning and other measures.

[0026] Specific parameters: For viral diseases, remove diseased plants and destroy them to prevent spread; use antiviral agents (such as Ningnanmycin) for spraying at a concentration of 500-800 times, spray once every 7-10 days, for 2-3 times in a row; for fungal diseases, use broad-spectrum fungicides (such as carbendazim, mancozeb) at a concentration of 800-1000 times, spray once every 7-10 days, for 2-3 times in a row; for bacterial diseases, use copper preparations (such as copper hydroxide) for spraying at a concentration of 500-800 times, spray once every 7-10 days, for 2-3 times in a row.

[0027] The cure for chlorosis caused by soil problems (such as soil compaction and poor drainage) is to improve soil structure, improve soil permeability through deep plowing, increasing the application of organic fertilizers, etc.; build a drainage system, build drainage ditches in low-lying areas to prevent water accumulation; and irrigate reasonably, avoid excessive irrigation, and maintain appropriate soil moisture.

[0028] Specific parameters: deep plowing of the soil to a depth of 30-50 cm, application of 20-30 tons of decomposed organic fertilizer per hectare; drainage ditch construction, ditch depth of 30-50 cm, ditch spacing of 5-10 meters, slope of 0.5%-1%; irrigation control, maintain soil moisture at 60%-70%, avoid overwatering.

[0029] Comprehensive management measures and radical cure methods, first of all, are regular monitoring, regular inspection of the growth of fruit trees, timely detection and handling of problems; balanced fertilization, according to the results of soil tests, formulate scientific fertilization plans; disease and pest prevention, strengthen orchard management, and reduce the occurrence of diseases and pests.

[0030] Specific parameters: soil test: conduct soil test at least once a year and adjust fertilization plan; fertilization plan: nitrogen (N): 200-300 grams per fruit tree per year; phosphorus (P2O5): 100-150 grams per fruit tree per year; potassium (K2O): 150-200 grams per fruit tree per year; disease and pest prevention: conduct orchard inspections once a month and deal with diseases and pests in a timely manner.

Claims

1. A method for preventing and treating yellow flower disease of fruit trees, characterized in that: For chlorosis caused by deficiency, disease and soil problems, we can treat them separately and achieve the purpose of radical cure through comprehensive management measures. The radical cure for chlorosis caused by deficiency (such as iron deficiency, magnesium deficiency and zinc deficiency) is to improve the soil, adjust the soil pH to the appropriate range (usually 5.5-6.5), increase the organic matter content; spray on the leaves to directly supplement the lacking elements; fertilize the roots to supplement the lacking elements through soil fertilization; specific parameters, soil pH adjustment, use of stone Lime (CaCO3) or sulfur (S) is used to adjust pH. The amount is determined according to the soil test results. Usually, the amount of lime is 1-2 tons / hectare and the amount of sulfur is 0.5-1 ton / hectare; foliar spraying, iron deficiency: spray 0.1%-0.2% ferrous sulfate (FeSO4) solution, spray once every 7-10 days, for 2-3 times; magnesium deficiency: spray 0.5%-1% magnesium sulfate (MgSO4) solution, spray once every 10-15 days, for 2-3 times; zinc deficiency: spray 0.1%-0.2% zinc sulfate (ZnSO4) solution, spray once every 7-10 days, for 2-3 times; root fertilization, iron deficiency: apply 50-100 grams of chelated iron (such as EDTA-Fe) per fruit tree; magnesium deficiency, apply 100-200 grams of magnesium sulfate per fruit tree; zinc deficiency, apply 50-100 grams of zinc sulfate per fruit tree.

2. A method for preventing and treating yellow flower disease of fruit trees according to claim 1, characterized in that: For chlorosis caused by diseases (such as viral, fungal, and bacterial infections), the radical cure method is to first diagnose the disease and determine the specific pathogen through laboratory testing; remove diseased plants and completely remove seriously infected diseased plants to prevent spread; use chemical control and use targeted chemicals for prevention and control; enhance tree vigor and improve the disease resistance of fruit trees through reasonable fertilization, pruning and other measures; specific parameters: for viral diseases, remove diseased plants and destroy them to prevent spread; use antiviral agents (such as Ningnanmycin) for spraying at a concentration of 500-800 times, spray once every 7-10 days, for 2-3 times in a row; for fungal diseases, use broad-spectrum fungicides (such as carbendazim, mancozeb) at a concentration of 800-1000 times, spray once every 7-10 days, for 2-3 times in a row; for bacterial diseases, use copper preparations (such as copper hydroxide) for spraying at a concentration of 500-800 times, spray once every 7-10 days, for 2-3 times in a row.

3. A method for preventing and treating yellow flower disease of fruit trees according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cure for chlorosis caused by soil problems (such as soil compaction and poor drainage) is to improve soil structure and improve soil permeability through deep plowing and increasing the application of organic fertilizers; build a drainage system and build drainage ditches in low-lying areas to prevent water accumulation; irrigate reasonably to avoid excessive irrigation and maintain appropriate soil moisture; specific parameters: deep plowing of the soil to a depth of 30-50 cm, and application of 20-30 tons of decomposed organic fertilizer per hectare; construction of drainage ditches with a ditch depth of 30-50 cm, a ditch distance of 5-10 meters, and a slope of 0.5%-1%; irrigation control to maintain soil moisture at 60%-70% and avoid excessive watering.

4. A method for preventing and treating yellow flower disease of fruit trees according to claim 1, characterized in that: Through comprehensive management measures, the goal of radical cure is achieved. The first is regular monitoring, regular inspection of the growth of fruit trees, timely detection and handling of problems; balanced fertilization, according to the results of soil tests, formulate scientific fertilization plans; disease and pest prevention, strengthen orchard management, reduce the occurrence of diseases and pests; specific parameters, soil testing, at least once a year to adjust the fertilization plan; fertilization plan, nitrogen (N): 200-300 grams per fruit tree per year; phosphorus (P2O5): 100-150 grams per fruit tree per year; potassium (K2O): 150-200 grams per fruit tree per year; disease and pest prevention, conduct orchard inspections once a month, and deal with diseases and pests in a timely manner.