Preparation method and application of clean label bionic milk based on plant-based raw materials

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method and application of clean label bionic milk based on plant-based raw materials, and belongs to the technical field of bionic milk preparation. The preparation method provided by the invention not only enriches the nutrition of the product, but also can improve the taste and stability of the product by adding a specifically combined enzyme for enzymolysis treatment and then combining high-pressure homogenization and a specific sterilization technology, so that the product has a good taste without adding additives such as a modifying agent, a stabilizing agent and an emulsifying agent. Good sensory quality and storage quality are still achieved, and the requirement for cleaning labels is met; the growth and reproduction of beneficial microorganisms in intestinal tracts are facilitated, so that the health of the intestinal tracts and bodies of consumers is promoted; the method provided by the invention not only can greatly improve the utilization rate of the plant raw materials, but also can greatly reduce the generation of wastewater in the preparation process of the plant-based bionic milk, and accords with the development concept of green and environmental protection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of bionic milk preparation, and in particular to a method for preparing clean label bionic milk based on plant-based raw materials and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Plant-based bionic milk is a product that simulates traditional dairy products through modern bioengineering technology. Its main ingredients include plant-based raw materials such as soybeans, nuts and grains. This bionic milk is similar to traditional dairy products in appearance, taste and nutritional value, but does not contain lactose, cholesterol and animal saturated fat. It is suitable for people with lactose intolerance, vegetarians and those who pursue a healthy diet. In addition, the production process of plant-based bionic milk is more environmentally friendly than traditional dairy products, reducing dependence on animal resources and greenhouse gas emissions, which is in line with the trend of global sustainable development.

[0003] There are three mainstream processing methods for plant-based bionic milks: one is to directly grind the plant raw materials. However, the products obtained by this method have problems such as suspicious ingredients and incomplete flavor removal, and if they need to be stored for a long time, stabilizers and emulsifiers need to be added to ensure that there is no stratification during the shelf life. The second is to use the dry powder obtained after the plant raw materials are ground and then subjected to the processes of batching, concentration, drying, etc. as the raw material, and add water to mix. The products obtained by this method are difficult to re-dissolve, and generally need to be solved by adding additives to improve the dispersibility of the powder, and the effect is limited. The third is to use the separated plant protein as the main raw material, and obtain the plant protein milk through the processes of batching, homogenization, sterilization, etc. If the products obtained by this method need to be stored for a long time, stabilizers and emulsifiers also need to be added to ensure that there is no stratification during the shelf life.

[0004] However, the three current methods all require the addition of multiple additives such as improvers, stabilizers and emulsifiers to ensure the taste and appearance stability of the plant-based bionic milk during its shelf life to prevent product stratification.

[0005] Improvers, stabilizers and emulsifiers are generally safe when used in moderation, but excessive and long-term consumption can pose a serious threat to the health of the consumer. For example, they can damage the intestinal flora, leading to decreased immunity, allergies and eczema; affect the absorption and utilization of calcium, thereby affecting children's bone development and causing osteoporosis in adults; cause diarrhea and other digestive problems, and even increase the risk of cancer. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing a clean label bionic milk based on plant-based raw materials and its application, so as to solve the need to add multiple additives such as improvers, stabilizers and emulsifiers in bionic milk to ensure the appearance quality and stability of the product, and provide a new method for preparing plant-based bionic milk.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for preparing a clean label bionic milk based on plant-based raw materials, comprising the following steps: S1. Select insect-free and mildew-free plant raw materials, clean them, soak them at room temperature, and then remove the seed coat; S2, grinding the plant raw material with the seed coat removed, filtering, and obtaining the insoluble matter as cellulose; using the filtrate to obtain plant protein by alkali dissolution and acid precipitation, and the remaining liquid part is starch slurry; S3, washing the obtained plant protein and dissolving it in drinking water to obtain plant protein slurry; S4, adding complex enzyme I to the obtained starch slurry, performing enzymolysis to obtain enzymolysis solution I; S5, adding complex enzyme II to the obtained cellulose, performing enzymolysis to obtain enzymolysis solution II; S6. After mixing the enzymatic hydrolysate I and the enzymatic hydrolysate II, inactivate the enzyme at high temperature, filter the filtrate, concentrate it, add it to the vegetable protein slurry obtained in S3, and then add vegetable oil, homogenize it under high pressure, sterilize it, and fill it.

[0008] Preferably, the plant raw material is soaked in S1 until it absorbs enough water and its weight does not increase any more after further soaking.

[0009] Preferably, the concentration of the vegetable protein slurry in S3 is 10%-40%.

[0010] Preferably, the complex enzyme I in S4 is composed of two or more of α-amylase, β-amylase, glucoamylase, isoamylase and pullulanase; the addition amount of the complex enzyme I is 1%-10% of the weight of the slurry.

[0011] Preferably, the complex enzyme II in S5 is composed of two or more of endoglucanase, exoglucanase and β-glucosidase; the addition amount of the complex enzyme II is 0.5%-5% of the weight of the slurry.

[0012] Preferably, the high temperature enzyme inactivation in S6 is maintained at 90°C to 95°C for 5min to 30min.

[0013] Preferably, the filtration in S6 is performed using a 100-400 mesh cloth bag.

[0014] Preferably, the high pressure homogenization condition in S6 is 20MPa~30MPa.

[0015] Preferably, the sterilization in S6 adopts one or more of ultra-high temperature instantaneous sterilization, ultra-high pressure, high-voltage variable frequency electric field, and microwave.

[0016] A method for preparing the clean label bionic milk based on plant-based raw materials as described above is used in the preparation of bionic milk.

[0017] Therefore, the present invention provides a method for preparing a clean label bionic milk based on plant-based raw materials and its application, and its specific technical effects are as follows: (1) The plant-based bionic milk prepared by the preparation method provided by the present invention has excellent sensory quality and does not require the addition of additives such as improvers, stabilizers and emulsifiers. The plant-based bionic milk with high emulsification degree, good uniformity, excellent storage stability and meeting the clean label requirements can be obtained; (2) The preparation method provided by the present invention increases the content of oligosaccharides in the plant-based bionic milk by adding a specific combination of enzymes for enzymatic hydrolysis, which is beneficial to the growth and reproduction of beneficial microorganisms in the intestines, thereby promoting the intestinal and physical health of consumers; (3) The preparation method provided by the present invention combines high-pressure homogenization with specific sterilization technology to cause a certain degree of glycosylation reaction between plant protein and oligosaccharides produced by enzymatic hydrolysis, which not only enriches the nutrition of the product, but also improves the taste and stability of the product, thereby still having good sensory quality without adding additives such as improvers, stabilizers and emulsifiers; (4) The method provided by the present invention can not only greatly improve the utilization rate of plant raw materials, but also reduce the volume of wastewater generated during the preparation of plant-based bionic milk by about 1 / 2, which is in line with the development concept of green environmental protection. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other accompanying drawings can be obtained based on these accompanying drawings without paying creative labor.

[0019] Figure 1 The present invention provides a flow chart of a method for preparing a clean label bionic milk based on plant-based raw materials; wherein the plant oil It means that high-fat plant-based raw materials use self-refined oils, and low-fat plant-based raw materials use exogenous refined plant oils; Figure 2 It is a photo of the clean label biomimetic milk based on plant-based raw materials prepared in Example 1 and Example 2 of the present invention on the day (day 0) after filling; the one marked with 1 on the bottle is the clean label biomimetic milk based on plant-based raw materials prepared in Example 1, and the one marked with 2 on the bottle is the clean label biomimetic milk based on plant-based raw materials prepared in Example 2; Figure 3The pictures are of the clean label biomimetic emulsions prepared in Examples 1 and 2 of the present invention placed at room temperature of 25°C for different periods of time; A is a picture taken on the 30th day; B is a picture taken on the 60th day; C is a picture taken on the 90th day; D is a picture taken on the 120th day; and E is a picture taken on the 180th day; the one marked with 1 on the bottle is the clean label biomimetic emulsion based on plant-based raw materials prepared in Example 1, and the one marked with 2 on the bottle is the clean label biomimetic emulsion based on plant-based raw materials prepared in Example 2. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below through the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0021] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the present application clearer, more thorough and more complete, the technical scheme of the present invention is clearly and completely described below through the accompanying drawings and examples. The following detailed descriptions are all descriptions of the embodiments, and are intended to provide further detailed descriptions of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical terms used in the present invention have the same meaning as those generally understood by those skilled in the art to which the present application belongs.

[0022] The instruments, equipment, reagents and materials used in the examples were all obtained through commercial channels; the method steps not described in detail are all conventional technical means in the art.

[0023] The enzymatic activity of α-amylase is 5000U / g, the enzymatic activity of β-amylase is 350000U / g, the enzymatic activity of glucoamylase is 50000U / g, the enzymatic activity of isoamylase is 3000U / g, the enzymatic activity of pullulanase is 200000U / g, the enzymatic activity of endoglucanase is 10000, the enzymatic activity of exoglucanase is 6000, and the enzymatic activity of β-glucosidase is 80000U / g.

[0024] The method for preparing the clean label bionic milk based on plant-based raw materials provided by the present invention is as follows Figure 1 As shown, starch is hydrolyzed into a mixture of oligosaccharides with different polymerization degrees by the action of complex enzyme I, which improves the utilization value of starch and gives the product more prebiotics; cellulose is hydrolyzed into monosaccharides or oligosaccharides under the action of complex enzyme II, which improves the utilization rate and added value of cellulose; after the enzymatic hydrolysates are mixed, they are subjected to the processes of blending, enzyme inactivation, filtration, concentration, etc., and then blended with plant protein slurry and plant oils and fats. During the processes of preheating, homogenization, sterilization, etc., glycosylation reaction occurs between protein and monosaccharides and oligosaccharides, which improves the emulsification and stability of plant protein, so that the product after aseptic filling has good flavor and taste as well as good stability.

[0025] Embodiment 1 A clean label biomimetic emulsion based on plant-based raw materials is prepared by the following specific steps: S1. Select freshly dried peas without mildew or insects, remove visible impurities and accurately weigh 1000 g, rinse with drinking water to remove dust, and then soak at room temperature for 24 hours.

[0026] S2. After soaking, remove the pea seed coat with a peeling machine, add 5000g of drinking water and grind with a pulping machine, filter and separate the cellulose, add drinking water to 500g of cellulose, stir evenly to make a cellulose suspension for standby use. Then, pea protein is obtained by alkali dissolution and acid precipitation, and the remaining liquid part is starch slurry.

[0027] S3. Rinse the obtained protein with drinking water until it is clarified, dissolve it in 1000 g of drinking water, and stir it evenly to obtain a plant protein slurry.

[0028] S4. Take 500 g of starch slurry, add 5 g of complex enzyme I (60% α-amylase + 40% β-amylase), and perform enzymolysis at 67°C and 50 rpm stirring conditions for 45 minutes to obtain enzymolysis solution I.

[0029] S5. Take the cellulose suspension obtained in S2, add 2.5g of complex enzyme II (50% endoglucanase + 50% exoglucanase), and perform enzymolysis at 55°C and 50rpm stirring conditions until there are no visible particles in the suspension, to obtain enzymolysis solution II.

[0030] S6. The enzymolysis solution I and the enzymolysis solution II are mixed to obtain an enzymolysis mixture, which is then kept at 90° C. for 20 minutes to inactivate the enzyme. The mixture is then filtered through a 400-mesh bag filter and water is added to 1000 g for standby use.

[0031] S7. Add the mixed solution obtained in step S6 to the vegetable protein slurry obtained in step S3, and then add 68 g of refined coconut oil. Heat to 60° C. and perform high-pressure homogenization at 30 MPa.

[0032] S8. Use ultra-high temperature instantaneous sterilization technology to sterilize the homogenized materials, and then aseptically fill the sterilized products.

[0033] Embodiment 2 A clean label biomimetic emulsion based on plant-based raw materials is prepared by the following specific steps: S1. Select fresh chickpeas without mildew or insects, remove visible impurities and accurately weigh 1000g, rinse with drinking water to remove dust, and then soak in 50℃ water at room temperature for 16 hours.

[0034] S2, after soaking, a peeling machine is used to remove the seed coat of chickpeas, 8000g of drinking water is added and pulped with a pulping machine, the separated cellulose is filtered, drinking water is added to 500g, and a cellulose suspension is prepared by stirring for standby use. Then, chickpea protein is obtained by an alkali-soluble acid-precipitated method, and the remaining liquid portion is a starch slurry.

[0035] S3. Rinse the obtained protein with drinking water until the solution is clear, and then dissolve it in 1000 g of drinking water to obtain a plant protein slurry.

[0036] S4. Take 500 g of starch slurry, add 25 g of complex enzyme I (60% α-amylase + 10% β-amylase + 30% pullulanase), and perform enzymolysis at 65°C and 50 rpm for 2 hours to obtain enzymolysis solution I.

[0037] S5. Take the cellulose suspension obtained in S2, add 20g of complex enzyme II (45% endoglucanase + 50% exoglucanase + 5% β-glucanase), and perform enzymolysis at 60°C and 50rpm stirring conditions until there are no particles visible to the naked eye in the suspension, to obtain enzymolysis solution II.

[0038] S6. The enzymolysis solution I and the enzymolysis solution II are mixed to obtain an enzymolysis mixture, which is then kept at 90° C. for 25 minutes to inactivate the enzyme, filtered using a 100-mesh filter bag, and after filtration, drinking water is added to make up to 1000 g for standby use.

[0039] S7. Add the concentrated solution obtained in step S6 to the vegetable protein slurry obtained in step S3, and then add 65 g of refined sunflower oil. Heat to 65° C. and then perform high-pressure homogenization treatment at a homogenization pressure of 20 MPa.

[0040] S8. Use ultra-high temperature instantaneous sterilization technology to sterilize the homogenized materials, and then aseptically fill the sterilized products.

[0041] Embodiment 3 A clean label biomimetic emulsion based on plant-based raw materials is prepared by the following specific steps: S1. Select fresh dried soybeans without mildew or insects, remove visible impurities and accurately weigh 1000g, peel them, rinse with drinking water to remove dust, blow dry, crush them and use organic solvent extraction to separate the oil in the soybeans.

[0042] S2, desolventize the soybean meal at low temperature to obtain low-denatured soybean meal, add 4000g of drinking water, soak at room temperature for 18 hours, refine with a pulper, filter and separate cellulose, add drinking water to 500g of cellulose, stir evenly to prepare a cellulose suspension for standby use. Then, use an alkali dissolution and acid precipitation method to obtain soybean protein, and the main component of the remaining liquid part is carbohydrates in soybeans.

[0043] S3. The soy protein obtained by acid precipitation is separated by a centrifuge, and washed with drinking water until the solution is clarified, and the pH is adjusted so that the soy protein can be dissolved in 1500g of drinking water to obtain a plant protein slurry.

[0044] S4. Take 500 g of the liquid obtained in S2, add 50 g of complex enzyme I (40% α-amylase + 10% β-amylase + 50% pullulanase), and perform enzymolysis at 60°C and 50 rpm for 8 hours to obtain enzymolysis solution I.

[0045] S5. Take the cellulose suspension obtained in S2, add 7.5g of complex enzyme II (50% endoglucanase + 45% exoglucanase + 5% β-glucanase), and perform enzymolysis at 55°C and 50rpm with stirring until there are no visible particles in the suspension, to obtain enzymolysis solution II.

[0046] S6. The enzymolysis solution I and the enzymolysis solution II are mixed to obtain an enzymolysis mixture, and then the enzyme is inactivated at 90° C. for 30 minutes, filtered with a 200-mesh filter bag, and water is added to 1000 g after filtration.

[0047] S7. Add the enzymatic hydrolysis mixture obtained in step S6 to the vegetable protein slurry obtained in step S3, and then add 75 g of soybean oil obtained in step S1. Stir and heat to 60° C., and then perform 25 MPa high-pressure homogenization treatment.

[0048] S8. Use 600MPa, 2 minutes ultra-high pressure sterilization technology to sterilize the homogenized material, and then aseptically fill the sterilized product.

[0049] Embodiment 4 A clean label biomimetic emulsion based on plant-based raw materials is prepared by the following specific steps: S1. Select freshly dried broad beans without mildew or insects, remove visible impurities and accurately weigh 1000g, rinse with drinking water to remove dust, then add 6000g of drinking water and soak at 40℃ for 24 hours.

[0050] S2. After soaking, remove the seed coat of broad beans with a peeling machine, grind with a pulping machine, filter the separated cellulose, add drinking water to 500g, stir evenly to make a cellulose suspension for standby use. Then, obtain broad bean protein by alkali dissolution and acid precipitation, and the remaining liquid is starch slurry.

[0051] S3. Rinse the obtained protein with drinking water until the solution is clear, and then dissolve it in 2500 g of drinking water to obtain a plant protein slurry.

[0052] S4. Take 500 g of starch slurry, add 30 g of complex enzyme I (50% α-amylase + 50% pullulanase), and perform enzymolysis at 70°C and 50 rpm for 3 hours to obtain enzymolysis solution I.

[0053] S5. Take the cellulose suspension obtained in S2, add 25g of complex enzyme II (40% exoglucanase + 60% endoglucanase), and perform enzymolysis at 55°C and 50rpm stirring conditions until there are no visible particles in the suspension, to obtain enzymolysis solution II.

[0054] S6. The enzymolysis solution I and the enzymolysis solution II are mixed to obtain an enzymolysis mixture, which is then heated at 95° C. for 5 minutes to inactivate the enzyme, filtered using a 200-mesh filter bag, and after filtration, drinking water is added to make up to 1000 g for standby use.

[0055] S7. Add the concentrated solution obtained in step S6 to the vegetable protein slurry obtained in step S3, and then add 110 g of refined corn germ oil. Heat to 65° C. and then perform high-pressure homogenization treatment at a homogenization pressure of 30 MPa.

[0056] S8. Use microwave technology combined with ultra-high pressure treatment to sterilize the homogenized material. The microwave treatment parameters are: 2450MHz, 600W for 30 seconds; ultra-high pressure treatment parameters are: 500MPa, 5 minutes. The sterilized product can be aseptically filled.

[0057] Effect test (1) The photos of the clean label bionic milk based on plant-based raw materials prepared in Example 1 and Example 2 on the 0th day after filling are as follows: Figure 2 It can be seen that the clean label biomimetic emulsion based on plant-based raw materials prepared in Example 1 and Example 2 is uniform milky white.

[0058] (2) The nutritional components of the clean label bionic milk based on plant-based raw materials prepared in Example 1 were tested using the methods of national standards GB5009.5, GB5009.6, GB5009.7, GB5009.9 and GB5009.88, respectively. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0059] Table 1 Nutritional composition statistics ;

[0060] (3) Three bottles of clean label biomimetic emulsions filled in Example 1 and Example 2 were randomly selected and placed at room temperature of 25° C. Photos were collected on the 30th, 60th, 90th, 120th and 180th days of placement. The photos are shown in the figure. Figure 3 As shown, the clean label bionic emulsions prepared in Example 1 and Example 2 still did not show stratification after being placed at room temperature of 25°C for 180 days, and the clean label bionic emulsions were still in a uniform state, and no precipitate was generated, indicating that the clean label bionic emulsions prepared in Example 1 and Example 2 had good stability without adding emulsifiers and stabilizers. The subsequent sensory evaluation showed that the flavor and taste were not significantly different from the product on day 0.

[0061] (4) 10 food industry practitioners were selected as tasters after sensory evaluation training to evaluate the products according to the corresponding scoring standards. Brand 1 soy milk and brand 2 oat milk, as well as clean label bionic milk based on plant-based raw materials prepared in Example 1 and Example 2 and placed at room temperature at 25°C for 10 days were selected for sensory evaluation at the same time. Two samples were selected for each evaluation, randomly numbered, and a double-blind evaluation method was adopted. Between the evaluation of two samples, chewing steamed bread slices and rinsing the mouth strictly with clean water to prevent the previous evaluation product from affecting the evaluation results of the subsequent evaluation product. The scoring standards are shown in Table 2, and the evaluation results are shown in Table 3.

[0062] Table 2 Sensory evaluation scoring criteria ;

[0063] Table 3 Sensory evaluation results ;

[0064] Therefore, the preparation method provided by the present invention not only enriches the nutrition of the product, but also improves the taste and stability of the product by adding a specific combination of enzymes for enzymatic treatment, and then combines high-pressure homogenization with a specific sterilization technology. Therefore, without adding additives such as modifiers, stabilizers and emulsifiers, the product still has good sensory quality and storage quality, which meets the clean label requirements; it is also beneficial to the growth and reproduction of beneficial microorganisms in the intestine, thereby promoting the intestinal and physical health of consumers; the provided method can not only greatly improve the utilization rate of plant raw materials, but also greatly reduce the generation of wastewater in the preparation process of plant-based bionic milk, which is in line with the development concept of green environmental protection.

[0065] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify or replace the technical solution of the present invention with equivalents, and these modifications or equivalent replacements cannot cause the modified technical solution to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing clean label bionic milk based on plant-based raw materials, characterized in that: The steps include: S1. Select insect-free and mildew-free plant raw materials, clean them, soak them at room temperature, and then remove the seed coat; S2, grinding the plant raw material with the seed coat removed, filtering, and obtaining the insoluble matter as cellulose; using the filtrate to obtain plant protein by alkali dissolution and acid precipitation, and the remaining liquid part is starch slurry; S3, washing the obtained plant protein and dissolving it in drinking water to obtain plant protein slurry; S4, adding complex enzyme I to the obtained starch slurry, performing enzymolysis to obtain enzymolysis solution I; S5, adding complex enzyme II to the obtained cellulose, performing enzymolysis to obtain enzymolysis solution II; S6. After mixing the enzymatic hydrolysate I and the enzymatic hydrolysate II, inactivate the enzyme at high temperature, filter the filtrate, concentrate it, add it to the vegetable protein slurry obtained in S3, and then add vegetable oil, homogenize it under high pressure, sterilize it, and fill it.

2. The method for preparing a clean label bionic emulsion based on plant-based raw materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: S1 until the plant material absorbs enough water and its weight does not increase after further soaking.

3. The method for preparing a clean label bionic emulsion based on plant-based raw materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The concentration of vegetable protein slurry in S3 is 10%-40%.

4. The method for preparing a clean label biomimetic emulsion based on plant-based raw materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The complex enzyme I in S4 is composed of two or more of α-amylase, β-amylase, glucoamylase, isoamylase and pullulanase; the addition amount of the complex enzyme I is 1%-10% of the weight of the slurry.

5. The method for preparing clean label bionic emulsion based on plant-based raw materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The complex enzyme II in S5 is composed of two or more of endoglucanase, exoglucanase and β-glucosidase; the addition amount of the complex enzyme II is 0.5% to 5% of the weight of the slurry.

6. The method for preparing clean label bionic emulsion based on plant-based raw materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The high temperature enzyme inactivation conditions in S6 are 90℃~95℃ for 5min~20min.

7. The method for preparing clean label bionic emulsion based on plant-based raw materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: S6 uses 100-400 mesh cloth bags for filtration.

8. The method for preparing clean label bionic emulsion based on plant-based raw materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conditions for high pressure homogenization in S6 are 20MPa~30MPa.

9. The method for preparing clean label bionic emulsion based on plant-based raw materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: Sterilization in S6 uses one or more of ultra-high temperature instantaneous sterilization, ultra-high pressure, high-voltage variable frequency electric field, and microwave.

10. Use of the method for preparing clean label bionic milk based on plant-based raw materials according to any one of claims 1 to 9 in the preparation of bionic milk.

Images