Novel mandible prosthesis based on 3D printing

Abstract

The invention discloses a novel mandible prosthesis based on 3D printing, which comprises a prosthesis main body, a dental implant abutment and a fixing assembly, the dental implant abutment is arranged on the top surface of the prosthesis main body, and the fixing assembly is used for connecting the prosthesis main body with a first mandible and a second mandible; the fixing assembly comprises a fastening screw, a pre-embedded nut and an expansion sleeve, preformed holes are formed in the contact faces of the first mandible and the second mandible and the prosthesis body, the expansion sleeve is arranged in the preformed holes, the pre-embedded nut is screwed in the expansion sleeve, and the expansion sleeve deforms under extrusion of the pre-embedded nut so as to be expanded in the preformed holes. Connecting holes corresponding to the preformed holes are formed in the two sides of the prosthesis main body, the fastening screws are screwed in the connecting holes, and the tail ends of the fastening screws are fixedly connected with the embedded nuts. Reasonable structural design can be carried out on the mandible prosthesis fixing device and the dental implant abutment by utilizing the characteristics of a 3D printing technology, the structure is simple, the installation is quick, the stability is good, and meanwhile, the convenience and success rate of an operation can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of medical prostheses, and in particular to a novel mandibular prosthesis based on 3D printing. Background Art

[0002] Surgical treatment of mandibular tumors in the middle and late stages will cause a large mandibular defect, which not only affects the patient's appearance, but also causes abnormalities in chewing, swallowing, and speech, so mandibular reconstruction is necessary. Currently, the most widely used mandibular reconstruction uses autologous free bone flaps, such as fibula flaps and iliac bone flaps, which have the following main disadvantages. First, the size of the free bone flap depends on the doctor's subjective experience, and it is difficult to ensure accuracy during bone transplantation and osteotomy. In addition, the morphology of the free bone flap itself is quite different from that of the mandible, so the appearance and function after reconstruction are often quite different from those before the disease. Second, the free bone flap is fixed to the remaining mandible with titanium nails and titanium plates, which has poor stability and will damage the cortical bone of the mandibular stump, and osteomyelitis is prone to occur after surgery. Third, there are also great limitations in implanting teeth on the free bone flap after surgery, which is difficult to achieve and cannot solve the impact of tooth loss on the patient's quality of life. Finally, there is a secondary defect in the free bone flap donor area, which also affects the patient's quality of life. Other reconstruction options include allogeneic bone transplantation, biomaterial reconstruction, simple titanium plate reconstruction, etc., but they also have shortcomings such as immature technology and poor reconstruction effect. Summary of the invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the embodiments of the present invention is to provide a new mandibular prosthesis based on 3D printing. The characteristics of 3D printing technology can be used to reasonably design the structure of the mandibular prosthesis fixing device and the dental implant base. The structure is simple, the installation is quick, the stability is good, and the convenience and success rate of the operation can be improved.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention discloses a novel mandibular prosthesis based on 3D printing, comprising a prosthesis body, a dental implant base, and a fixing assembly, wherein the prosthesis body is used to be implanted between a first mandible and a second mandible, the dental implant base is arranged on the top surface of the prosthesis body, and the fixing assembly is used to connect the prosthesis body with the first mandible and the second mandible; The fixing assembly includes a fastening screw, an embedded nut, and an expansion sleeve. A reserved hole is opened on the contact surface between the first mandible, the second mandible and the prosthesis body. The expansion sleeve is placed in the reserved hole. The embedded nut is screwed into the expansion sleeve, and the expansion sleeve is deformed under the extrusion of the embedded nut to expand and tighten in the reserved hole. The surface of the expansion sleeve is 3D printed with a porous structure. Connecting holes are provided on both sides of the prosthesis body corresponding to the reserved holes. The fastening screw is screwed into the connecting hole, and the end of the fastening screw is fixedly connected to the embedded nut, thereby improving the stability of the embedded nut in the reserved hole position of the undiseased mandibular medullary cavity and realizing hidden fastening of the prosthesis body to the first mandible and the second mandible.

[0005] Furthermore, a slide groove is provided on the prosthesis body, and the slide groove is connected with the connecting hole. A pin shaft is provided on the inner wall of the connecting hole. The rear section of the fastening screw is provided with a spiral groove, and slides with the pin shaft. A push plate is provided on the slide groove. The rear end of the fastening screw abuts against the surface of the push plate, and pushes the fastening screw to move in the direction of the embedded nut, so that the fastening screw rotates forward under the action of the pin shaft. The front section of the fastening screw is provided with an external thread, so that the fastening screw is threadedly connected with the embedded nut, so that the installation between the prosthesis body and the first mandible and the second mandible is faster, and the hidden design of the fixing component can better avoid the occurrence of osteomyelitis after surgery.

[0006] Furthermore, the fixing component also includes a fixing block, which is embedded in the slide groove so that the fixing block hides the slide groove in the prosthesis body, thereby ensuring that the surface of the prosthesis body is flat and there are no grooves or holes, so that the patient's maxillofacial appearance is better after implantation, and an axial hole is provided on the inner side of the slide groove, and a countersunk groove is provided on the fixing block. The side wall of the fixing block is provided with a socket connected to the countersunk groove corresponding to the axial hole, and an insertion shaft is inserted in the socket, and one end of the insertion shaft extends into the axial hole, thereby restricting the fixing block in the slide groove to prevent the fixing block from detaching from the prosthesis body or shaking.

[0007] Furthermore, a rotary cover is screwed into the sink groove so that the rotary cover blocks the insertion hole in the sink groove, thereby preventing the insertion shaft from falling off from the shaft hole and the insertion hole, thereby ensuring a reliable connection between the fixing block and the prosthesis body.

[0008] Furthermore, the end of the expansion sleeve is a closed end, the end surface of the closed end is provided with a cross groove, and the outer periphery of the closed end is provided with a plurality of flanges at axial intervals to make the connection between the expansion sleeve and the first mandible and the second mandible more firmly.

[0009] Furthermore, the thickness of the porous structure is 0.1mm-10mm, and the material of the porous structure is titanium alloy, so that the surface of the expansion sleeve has good bone cell adhesion and biological activity, thereby promoting the growth of blood vessels and tissues, facilitating bone tissue regeneration, and allowing the expansion sleeve to fuse with the first mandible and the second mandible.

[0010] Furthermore, guide plates are provided on both sides of the prosthesis body, and the guide plates are U-shaped to match the shapes of the first mandible and the second mandible, so that the prosthesis body can better fit the first mandible and the second mandible.

[0011] Furthermore, the dental implant abutment includes an angled abutment and a vertical abutment, the vertical abutment is arranged on both sides of the top surface of the prosthesis body, the angled abutment is arranged between the vertical abutments, the spacing between the angled abutment and the vertical abutment is 3mm-4.5mm, and the inclination angle of the angled abutment is 65°-75°.

[0012] Furthermore, the lower parts of the angled base and the vertical base are provided with a plurality of concave surfaces at intervals along the axial direction, and the angled base and the vertical base are provided with dental implant holes from the top surface to the inside, thereby enhancing the action surface for combining with the dental implant.

[0013] Furthermore, the prosthesis body, dental implant base and fixing components are made of Ti6Al4V-ELI, medical ceramics, carbon fiber and PEEK and are manufactured through 3D printing technology.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) Compared with the traditional direct external titanium screw and the remaining mandibular fixed connection, the hidden design of the fixing device of the present invention can restore the patient's maxillofacial appearance and oral function to the state before the disease to the greatest extent after the implantation of the prosthesis body, and all structures are manufactured using 3D printing technology, so that the prosthesis body is consistent with the resected mandibular bone in morphology, reducing damage to the remaining mandibular body, improving its stability after reconstruction, and at the same time improving the convenience and success rate of the operation. (2) The expansion sleeve with a porous structure on the outer layer improves the stability of the embedded nut in the reserved hole of the unlesioned mandibular medullary cavity, avoiding the occurrence of osteomyelitis after surgery. (3) The present invention adopts a two-stage fastening screw design with front thread fixing and rear spiral groove advancement, and designs a pin in the connection hole of the prosthesis body, which can realize the rotation and forward movement of the fastening screw and also play a connecting and fastening role. (4) The prosthesis body and the implant base are integrated into a single body using 3D printing technology, which reduces the assembly process of the implant base and provides conditions for subsequent tooth implantation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1It is the overall structural front view of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a side view of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 3 The main view of the overall structure of the prosthesis body; Figure 4 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the overall structure of the prosthesis body; Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the state of the first and second mandibles I; Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the state of the first and second mandibles II; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the fastening screw; Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the embedded nut; Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the expansion sleeve; Fig.10 It is a cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the expansion sleeve; Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the hidden design of the present invention; Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the fixed block; Fig.13 It is a partial enlarged schematic diagram of the sliding hole; Fig.14 It is the side view of the overall structure of the angle abutment; Fig.15 This is the main view of the overall structure of the vertical base. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0017] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 5As shown, a new mandibular prosthesis based on 3D printing includes a prosthesis body 1, a dental implant base 2, and a fixing component 3. In this embodiment, after a part of the diseased or damaged mandibular part is cut off (this embodiment is explained by cutting off the diseased mandibular part between the first mandibular bone 10 and the second mandibular bone 20), the prosthesis body 1 is customized using 3D printing technology according to the shape of the removed mandibular part, and then the prosthesis body 1 is implanted between the first mandibular bone 10 and the second mandibular bone 20, and guide plates 13 are arranged on both sides of the prosthesis body 1, and the guide plates 13 are U-shaped to match the shapes of the first mandibular bone 10 and the second mandibular bone 20, so that the guide plates are aligned with the prosthesis body. 1 is matched with the first mandible 10 and the second mandible 20 for initial fixation, and the prosthesis main body 1 is connected with the first mandible 10 and the second mandible 20 through the fixing component 3, so as to ensure that the prosthesis main body 1 is consistent with the resected mandible 10 in shape, and after implantation, the patient's maxillofacial appearance and oral function can be restored to the patient's pre-disease state to the greatest extent, and the dental implant base 2 is arranged on the top surface of the prosthesis main body 1, and the dental implant base 2 and the prosthesis main body 1 are integrally formed by 3D printing technology, which reduces the assembly process of the dental implant base 2, provides conditions for subsequent tooth implantation, makes installation faster, and improves the convenience of surgery.

[0018] In this embodiment, the prosthesis body 1 is made of Ti6Al4V-ELI, medical ceramics, carbon fiber or PEEK, etc., preferably Ti6Al4V-ELI, which is not only high in strength, light in weight, and highly corrosion-resistant, but also has good biocompatibility.

[0019] Reference Figure 7-Figure 9 Furthermore, the fixing assembly 3 includes a fastening screw 31, an embedded nut 32, and an expansion sleeve 33. Before implanting the prosthesis body 1, in this embodiment, a reserved hole 30 (such as Figure 5 As shown), the diameter of the reserved hole 30 is 10.30mm and the depth is 12mm. The expansion sleeve 33 is then inserted into the reserved hole 30. In this embodiment, the head end of the expansion sleeve 33 is an open end, and the tail end is a closed end 331, wherein the outer diameter of the expansion sleeve 33 gradually decreases from the open end in the direction of the closed end 331, and the outer diameter of the open end of the expansion sleeve is slightly larger than the inner diameter of the reserved hole 30, so that after the expansion sleeve 33 is implanted in the first mandible 10 and the second mandible 20, its open end and the reserved hole 30 are interference fit, so as to prevent the expansion sleeve 33 from rotating in the reserved hole 30 and affecting the subsequent fixation. A cross slot 332 is provided on the end face of the closed end 331, and the embedded nut 32 is screwed into the expansion sleeve 33 by a flat-blade screwdriver (as shown Figure 6As shown), in this embodiment, the length of the embedded nut 32 is 10mm-12mm, the outer ring is an M10 thread, and the inner ring is an M5 thread, so that the closed end 331 of the expansion sleeve 33 is deformed under the extrusion of the embedded nut 32, so that the expansion sleeve 33 is expanded and tightened in the reserved hole 30, and a plurality of flanges 333 are arranged at intervals along the axial direction on the outer periphery of the closed end 331, so that the connection between the expansion sleeve 33 and the first mandible 10 and the second mandible 20 is more firmly connected, and connecting holes 11 are arranged on both sides of the prosthesis main body 1 corresponding to the reserved holes 30, and the fastening screws 31 are screwed into the connecting holes 11, and are fixedly connected to the embedded nut 32 through the head end of the fastening screws 31, so that the prosthesis main body 1 is fixed to the first mandible 10 and the second mandible 20.

[0020] The specific dimensions of the embedded nut 32 and the expansion sleeve 33 mentioned above can be modified according to the actual situation of the patient and are not limited to the above values, so they will not be repeated here.

[0021] Reference Figure 8 , Fig.10 As shown, it is better that the surface of the expansion sleeve 33 is 3D printed with a porous structure 5 using SLM technology, and the thickness of the porous structure 5 is 0.1mm-10mm. In this embodiment, a thickness of 0.5mm is preferably used, and the porosity and pore size of the surface of the porous structure 5 are designed based on the best design for bone fusion ability, so that the surface of the expansion sleeve 33 has good bone cell adhesion and biological activity, thereby providing more growth space, promoting the growth of blood vessels and tissues of the first mandible and the second mandible, and being beneficial to bone tissue regeneration, making the connection between the expansion sleeve 33 and the first mandible 10 and the second mandible 20 more stable, and improving the stability of the embedded nut 32 in the reserved hole 30 of the undiseased first mandible 10 and the second mandible 20. In this embodiment, the material of the porous structure 5 is preferably titanium alloy, so as to promote bone fusion ability.

[0022] Further preferably, the surface of the porous structure 5 of the expansion sleeve 33 in this embodiment can be coated to improve its wear resistance, or it can be post-treated to improve its bone fusion ability.

[0023] Combination Figure 2 , Figure 3As shown, it is further explained that a slide groove 12 is provided on the prosthesis main body 1, and the slide groove 12 is connected to the connecting hole 11, and a pin shaft 111 is provided on the inner wall of the connecting hole 11. In this embodiment, the length of the fastening screw 31 is 16.5 mm, and the front section of the fastening screw 31 is provided with an external thread 312, and its length is 6.5 mm, and the rear section surface of the fastening screw 31 is provided with a spiral groove 311, and it slides with the pin shaft 111. A push plate 4 is provided on the slide groove 12, and the push plate 4 can slide parallel to the slide groove 12, and a recess 41 is provided on the end surface of the push plate 4. Before the prosthesis main body 1 is implanted into the first mandible 10 and the second mandible 20, the fastening screw 31 enters from the outer end of the connecting hole 11 (that is, one end adjacent to the reserved hole 30), and the fastening screw 31 is screwed into the slide groove 12 by a flat-blade screwdriver until the end of the fastening screw 31 abuts against the recess 41 of the push plate 4.

[0024] Subsequently, the prosthesis main body 1 is implanted between the first mandible 10 and the second mandible 20, and the guide plate 13 of the prosthesis main body 1 is used to match the first mandible 10 and the second mandible 20 for initial fixation, and the fastening screw 31 is pushed by the push plate 4 to make it move forward in the direction of the embedded nut 32. In this embodiment, the angle between the spiral line of the spiral groove 311 and the axis of the fastening screw 31 is 40°-60°, preferably 45°, so that the fastening screw 31 can rotate forward under the cooperation of the spiral groove 311 and the pin 111, so that the external thread 312 of the fastening screw 31 is threadedly connected with the embedded nut 32, thereby fixing the prosthesis main body 1 with the first mandible 10 and the second mandible 20, making the connection of the prosthesis main body 1 more firm, thereby realizing the hidden fastening of the prosthesis main body 1 with the first mandible 10 and the second mandible 20.

[0025] Reference Figure 11-13 As shown, the fixing assembly 3 in this embodiment also includes a fixing block 34 that matches the shape of the slide groove 12. An axial hole 121 is provided on the inner side of the slide groove 12, and a recessed groove 341 is provided on the fixing block 34. A plug hole 342 that is connected to the recessed groove 341 is provided on the side wall of the fixing block 34 corresponding to the axial hole 121, and an insert shaft 343 is inserted in the plug hole 342. In this embodiment, the length of the insert shaft 343 is greater than the length of the plug hole 342, so that one end of the insert shaft 343 extends into the axial hole 121, thereby restricting the fixing block 34 in the slide groove 12 to prevent the fixing block 34 from detaching from or shaking from the prosthesis body 1.

[0026] Specifically, in this embodiment, the slide groove 12 is not limited to having the axial hole 121 on one surface, but the axial hole 121 can also be formed on the inner top surface and the inner bottom surface of the slide groove 12, so as to make the connection between the fixing block 34 and the prosthesis body 1 more secure.

[0027] Furthermore, a screw cover 344 is fixedly connected in the groove 341. In this embodiment, a screw rod is provided on the screw cover 344, and a threaded hole threadedly connected to the screw rod is opened in the groove 341, so that the screw cover 344 blocks the socket 342 in the groove 341, thereby preventing the insertion shaft 343 from falling off from the shaft hole 121 and the socket 342, thereby ensuring a reliable connection between the fixed block 34 and the prosthesis body 1.

[0028] Through the above arrangement, the slide groove 12 and the connecting hole 11 are hidden by the fixing block 34, thereby ensuring that the surface of the prosthesis body 1 is flat without any grooves or holes, so that the patient's maxillofacial appearance is better after implantation.

[0029] It is further explained that in this embodiment, the fastening screw 31, the embedded nut 32, the expansion sleeve 33, the fixing block 34, the rotary cover 344, and the insertion shaft 343 are all manufactured using 3D printing technology.

[0030] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 4 As shown, the dental implant base 2 includes an angle base 21 and a vertical base 22. The vertical base 22 is arranged on both sides of the top surface of the prosthesis main body 1, and the angle base 21 is arranged between the vertical bases 22. In this way, the teeth are implanted on the angle base 21 and the vertical base 22 by bonding. In this embodiment, the angle base 21, the vertical base 22 and the prosthesis main body 1 are integrally formed, which reduces the implant base assembly process, provides conditions for subsequent tooth implantation, and improves the convenience of the operation.

[0031] Combination Fig.14 , Fig.15 As shown, the spacing between the angle base 21 and the vertical base 22 is 3mm-4.5mm, so as to avoid crowding of teeth implanted on the angle base 21 and the vertical base 22, and the inclination angle of the angle base 21 is 65°-75°, so as to ensure the natural beauty of the teeth after implantation, and to withstand the force generated by daily chewing, so as to avoid loosening or failure in the later stage, and the teeth after implantation are more beautiful, and the lower part of the angle base 21 and the vertical base 22 is provided with a plurality of concave surfaces 23 at intervals along the axial direction, and the angle base 21 and the vertical base 22 are provided with implant holes 24 from the top surface to the inside, so as to enhance the working surface combined with the implant.

[0032] The above specific dimensions can be modified according to the actual situation of the patient and will not be repeated here.

[0033] Of course, the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical concept and features of the present invention, and their purpose is to enable people familiar with this technology to understand the content of the present invention and implement it accordingly, and they cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any modifications made according to the spirit of the main technical solution of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A new mandibular prosthesis based on 3D printing, characterized in that: The invention comprises a prosthesis body (1), a dental implant base (2), and a fixing assembly (3), wherein the prosthesis body (1) is used to be implanted between a first mandible (10) and a second mandible (20), the dental implant base (2) is arranged on the top surface of the prosthesis body (1), and the fixing assembly (3) is used to connect the prosthesis body (1) and the first mandible (10) and the second mandible (20); The fixing assembly (3) comprises a fastening screw (31), an embedded nut (32), and an expansion sleeve (33); a reserved hole (30) is provided on the contact surface between the first mandible (10), the second mandible (20) and the prosthesis main body (1); the expansion sleeve (33) is placed in the reserved hole (30); the embedded nut (32) is screwed into the expansion sleeve (33); and the expansion sleeve (33) is deformed under the pressure of the embedded nut (32) so as to be expanded and tightened in the reserved hole (30); a porous structure (5) is 3D printed on the surface of the expansion sleeve (33); connecting holes (11) are provided on both sides of the prosthesis main body (1) corresponding to the reserved holes (30); the fastening screw (31) is screwed into the connecting hole (11), and the end of the fastening screw (31) is fixedly connected to the embedded nut (32).

2. The novel mandibular prosthesis based on 3D printing according to claim 1, characterized in that: A pin shaft (111) is provided on the inner wall of the connecting hole (11), and a spiral groove (311) is provided on the rear section of the fastening screw (31) and is slidably matched with the pin shaft (111). By pushing the fastening screw (31) to move in the direction of the embedded nut (32), the fastening screw (31) is caused to rotate and move forward under the action of the spiral groove (311) and the pin shaft (111), and an external thread (312) is provided on the front section of the fastening screw (31), so that the fastening screw (31) and the embedded nut (32) are threadedly connected.

3. The novel mandibular prosthesis based on 3D printing according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The prosthesis body (1) is provided with a slide groove (12), the slide groove (12) is connected to the connecting hole (11), and a push plate (4) is provided on the slide groove (12), the rear end of the fastening screw (31) abuts against the surface of the push plate (4), and the fastening screw (31) is pushed forward by the push plate (4).

4. The novel mandibular prosthesis based on 3D printing according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The fixing assembly (3) further comprises a fixing block (34), the fixing block (34) being embedded in the slide groove (12), and the inner side surface of the slide groove (12) being provided with an axial hole (121), the fixing block (34) being provided with a sink groove (341), and a side wall of the fixing block (34) being provided with a plug hole (342) in communication with the sink groove (341) corresponding to the axial hole (121), an insert shaft (343) being inserted into the plug hole (342), and one end of the insert shaft (343) extending into the axial hole (121).

5. The novel mandibular prosthesis based on 3D printing according to claim 4, characterized in that: A rotary cover (344) is screwed into the sink (341) so that the rotary cover (344) blocks the insertion hole (342) in the sink (341).

6. The novel mandibular prosthesis based on 3D printing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end of the expansion sleeve (33) is a closed end (331), an end surface of the closed end (331) is provided with a cross slot (332), and a plurality of flanges (333) are provided at intervals along the axial direction on the outer periphery of the closed end (331).

7. The novel mandibular prosthesis based on 3D printing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the porous structure (5) is 0.1 mm-10 mm, and the material of the porous structure (5) is titanium alloy.

8. The novel mandibular prosthesis based on 3D printing according to claim 1, characterized in that: Guide plates (13) are provided on both sides of the prosthesis body (1), and the guide plates (13) are U-shaped and match the shapes of the first mandible (10) and the second mandible (20).

9. The novel mandibular prosthesis based on 3D printing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dental implant base (2) comprises an angle base (21) and a vertical base (22), wherein the vertical base (22) is arranged on both sides of the top surface of the prosthesis body (1), and the angle base (21) is arranged between the vertical bases (22), the spacing between the angle base (21) and the vertical base (22) is 3 mm-4.5 mm, and the inclination angle of the angle base (21) is 65°-75°.

10. The novel mandibular prosthesis based on 3D printing according to claim 9, characterized in that: A plurality of concave surfaces (23) are arranged at intervals along the axial direction at the lower part of the angle base (21) and the vertical base (22), and a tooth implant hole (24) is arranged from the top surface to the inside of the angle base (21) and the vertical base (22).

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