A multi-functional jaw fixation device for bedridden patients

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of medical devices, in particular to a multifunctional jaw fixing device for bedridden patients, comprising a support, a rotating connection of an adapter block is arranged on the outer surface of the support, a damping cylinder is connected to the bottom of the adapter block, a piston and a magnetic bottom plate are arranged in the cavity of the damping cylinder; the bottom of the piston is connected to a connecting rod through a push rod, the bottom end of the connecting rod is connected to a jaw support plate, a spring is connected between the top of the piston and the top wall; the bottom plate is provided with an exhaust hole, a magnetic pressure relief ring is slidably arranged in the hole to normally block the hole under the action of magnetic force, and an air inlet hole is arranged on the side wall of the damping cylinder; the first and second fixing belts are connected to the upper part of the support and the side away from the support plate, a face protection assembly is rotatably connected to the connecting frame on the support, and the two face protection assemblies are spliced into a complete mask structure. The present application can provide pneumatic buffer unloading force, and also consider dynamic face protection nursing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of medical device technology, specifically to a multifunctional jaw fixation device for bedridden patients. Background Technology

[0002] Jaw fixation devices are widely used in the care of intensive care units (ICUs) and long-term bedridden patients. For intubated patients, a stable jaw fixation is essential to prevent tube dislocation and maintain airway patency. Simultaneously, due to the loss of self-protection and repelling abilities, bedridden patients are highly susceptible to insect infestations in their oral and facial areas, and require continuous moisturization. In the clinical care of ICU and long-term bedridden patients, stable fixation of the endotracheal tube and jaw is crucial for maintaining a clear airway. However, patients in a light coma or during the recovery period often experience sudden, severe coughing, swallowing reflexes, or involuntary jaw spasms. In such situations, not only does the intense local pulling increase the risk of accidental extubation, but it also easily causes mechanical strain on the temporomandibular joint and airway mucosa. Furthermore, during prolonged bed rest, the patient's face and oral cavity are unprotected, making them vulnerable to insect infestations, and if the exhaled warm, moist air cannot be effectively drained, it can easily lead to carbon dioxide retention.

[0003] To address these pain points, an ideal technical solution in this field should provide dynamic, adaptive protection for patients. Specifically, when a patient experiences a sudden, significant pulling force, the device should provide a suitable, flexible buffer space to protect the cannula and joints, and smoothly and slowly return to its original position after the force dissipates. Simultaneously, the solution should also consider facial breathability, moisture retention, and physical protection, while maintaining a convenient openable operating channel for medical staff to perform routine oral cleaning or cannula adjustments.

[0004] Currently available conventional restraint devices (such as the jaw fixation strap produced by Haoyale Medical Devices Co., Ltd.) typically connect the jaw support directly to the head strap via elastic webbing. This existing structure has significant drawbacks: it relies solely on the elasticity of the webbing for stretching and restraint. When a bedridden patient experiences a violent cough or involuntary spasm generating downward force, ordinary elastic webbing cannot provide dynamic fluid-like pressure relief and cushioning. Furthermore, it is prone to a sudden and violent rebound after the force is applied, easily causing secondary impact and strain on the patient's jaw. Therefore, there is an urgent need to design a multifunctional jaw fixation device for bedridden patients that can provide flexible cushioning to maintain normal jaw function while also meeting the comprehensive nursing needs of medical staff, such as convenient oral observation, insect prevention, and moisture retention. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides a multifunctional mandibular fixation device for bedridden patients, which provides dynamic buffering and force relief to maintain normal mandibular physiological function while also providing oral observation and care, as well as insect prevention and moisturizing.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: A multifunctional jaw fixation device for bedridden patients includes symmetrically distributed supports, each support having a rotatable connecting block on its outer surface, each connecting block having a damping cylinder fixedly connected to its bottom, each damping cylinder having a cavity inside, each cavity having a piston and a base plate, each piston having a push rod fixedly connected to its bottom, which passes through the base plate, each push rod having a connecting rod fixedly connected to its other end, which passes through the cavity, a jaw support plate being provided below the supports, each connecting rod having its end away from the push rod being connected to the jaw support plate, each piston having a spring fixedly connected to its top, each spring having its other end being fixedly connected to the top wall of the cavity, each base plate having an exhaust vent hole, each exhaust vent hole having a pressure relief ring slidably fitted onto the outer peripheral wall of the push rod, both the pressure relief ring and the base plate being made of magnetic material, and each damping cylinder having an air inlet hole communicating with the cavity on its side wall;

[0007] The bracket has a first fixing strap at the top, and both ends of the first fixing strap are connected to the top of the corresponding bracket. The bracket has a second fixing strap on the side away from the chin support plate, and both ends of the second fixing strap are connected to the side of the bracket away from the chin support plate. The bracket is connected to a connecting frame on the side of the bracket close to the chin support plate. The end of the connecting frame away from the bracket is rotatably connected to a face protection component for blocking mosquitoes and keeping moisturized. The face protection components are spliced ​​together to form a complete mask structure.

[0008] The technical principles of the above solution are as follows:

[0009] When a patient coughs or experiences spasms, causing the jaw to exert a force on the jaw support plate away from the support structure, the jaw support plate moves synchronously with the connecting rod and push rod, forcing the piston to slide closer to the base plate. The air between the piston and the base plate is compressed, and the resulting instantaneous high-pressure airflow overcomes the magnetic attraction between the base plate and the pressure relief ring, pushing the pressure relief ring along the outer circumference of the push rod away from the piston, thus opening the exhaust vent for rapid gas discharge and stress relief. Once the external force disappears, the spring pulls the piston away from the base plate, and the pressure relief ring, under magnetic attraction, re-adheres to the base plate and seals the exhaust vent. At this point, external air can only enter the cavity through the air inlet on the side wall of the damping cylinder, creating pneumatic damping that allows the support plate to smoothly return to its original position. Simultaneously, through the rotation of the connecting frame, the facial protection components on both sides can be snapped together or flipped open to facilitate tubing clamping or oral observation.

[0010] The above approach has the following beneficial effects:

[0011] 1. This solution, through the mechanical cooperation of the damping cylinder, piston and pressure relief ring, utilizes the exhaust port to achieve explosive gas release at the moment of force application, which can provide a flexible buffer space for the patient's jaw, effectively maintain the normal physiological function of the jaw and reduce the risk of secondary damage caused by rigid constraints.

[0012] 2. This solution utilizes the magnetic sealing between the base plate and the pressure relief ring, as well as the flow-limiting effect of the air inlet, to generate stable fluid damping during the reset process. This ensures that the tray can return to its initial position smoothly and slowly, avoiding the violent rebound impact generated by conventional elastic devices after coughing stops.

[0013] 3. This solution adopts a rotatable and splicable facial protection component structure. While maintaining a closed state to achieve insect prevention and moisture retention functions, it can be opened independently to both sides according to nursing needs, which greatly improves the convenience for medical staff to observe the oral cavity and perform intubation maintenance operations.

[0014] Furthermore, all facial protection components include a housing, and each housing has several slots through it.

[0015] Beneficial effects: The outer shell provides a physical support framework for the face protection components, and the through slots ensure basic air exchange between the inside and outside of the device, reducing the accumulation of exhaled air.

[0016] Furthermore, a membrane is connected to the side of the outer shell near the support, and several ventilation grooves corresponding to the slots are opened through the membrane. Several limiting ribs that span the corresponding ventilation grooves are fixedly connected to the side of the membrane near the support.

[0017] Beneficial effects: The film's physical barrier properties help retain moisture and reduce water loss from the mouth and nose area. At the same time, when the patient exhales, the free part of the film corresponding to the air groove is impacted by the airflow and folds outward. The positive pressure of the outward airflow and the outward folding action of the film can form a dynamic physical barrier against mosquitoes that try to approach, blocking the path of mosquitoes while ensuring breathability and moisture wicking.

[0018] Furthermore, semi-circular tracheal grooves are provided on the side of the two outer shells that are close to each other and on the side of the two membranes that are close to each other. The tracheal grooves on the two outer shells and the tracheal grooves on the two membranes are respectively spliced ​​to form the first tracheal channel and the second tracheal channel. The first tracheal channel and the second tracheal channel are positioned correspondingly and connected.

[0019] Beneficial effects: The semi-circular tracheal grooves on the two outer shells and two films are spliced ​​together to form a complete avoidance channel (first tracheal channel and second tracheal channel), providing a dedicated space for the insertion of medical trachea while ensuring the airtightness of the protective components.

[0020] Furthermore, a first limiting plate and a second limiting plate are slidably fitted in the air tube grooves on the two outer shells, and anti-slip locking components for sliding positioning of the first limiting plate or the second limiting plate are provided between the first limiting plate and the outer shell.

[0021] Beneficial effects: By manipulating the relative displacement of the first and second limiting plates within the tracheal groove, the gap can be dynamically adjusted according to the diameter of different clinical trachea, improving the targeting and stability of the tubing clamping.

[0022] Furthermore, the edges of the first and second limiting plates that slide relative to each other are both inwardly concave arc-shaped structures.

[0023] Beneficial effects: The inwardly concave arc structure can better fit the outer contour of the circular medical tubing, increase the contact area, avoid excessive local compression of the tubing by the straight edges, reduce the chance of tubing deformation and air leakage, effectively close the excess interlacing gap between the tracheal groove and the tubing, eliminate potential holes on the mask, and further improve the overall insect-proof and airtight structure of the device.

[0024] Furthermore, both the first and second fixing belts are elastic mesh structures.

[0025] Beneficial effects: The elastic mesh structure can adapt to patients with different head shapes, making the force distribution on the head more even and improving the comfort of long-term wear. At the same time, the mesh is conducive to ventilation and heat dissipation of the scalp.

[0026] Furthermore, each connecting rod is equipped with a latching assembly for adjusting its length.

[0027] Beneficial effects: It allows medical staff to flexibly adjust the base height of the support plate according to the patient's facial bone size and specific jaw position, meeting the personalized fit and precise fixation needs of patients with different body types.

[0028] Furthermore, a silicone pad is attached to the side of the jaw support plate near the bracket.

[0029] Beneficial effects: Silicone material has good flexibility and biocompatibility, which can reduce the hard contact friction between the brace and the patient's jaw skin, and reduce the local pressure caused by long-term wear.

[0030] Furthermore, all ventilation channels are U-shaped.

[0031] Beneficial effects: Compared to other conventional geometric groove shapes, the U-shaped structure provides a larger windward force-bearing area and a smoother, more continuous deformation transition edge for the tongue-shaped portion inside the corresponding air-permeable groove of the membrane. When impacted by the positive pressure airflow of exhaled air, the membrane portion inside the U-shaped structure easily folds outward more smoothly and over a larger area, improving exhaust efficiency; at the same time, this portion of the membrane can maintain its basic air-permeable function with slight folding even during gentle breathing, and smoothly return to its original position during inhalation due to the material's own tension, forming a dynamic air-permeable and resistance-reducing effect. Attached Figure Description

[0032] Figure 1 Axonometric drawing of an embodiment of the multifunctional mandibular fixation device for bedridden patients of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 A front sectional view of the damping cylinder of an embodiment of the multifunctional mandibular fixation device for bedridden patients of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 3 A top sectional view of the damping cylinder of an embodiment of the multifunctional mandibular fixation device for bedridden patients of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 4 Rear view of the facial protection component of an embodiment of the multifunctional jaw fixation device for bedridden patients of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Enlarged view of section A;

[0037] Figure 6 for Figure 4 A schematic diagram showing airflow passing through section A.

[0038] The reference numerals in the accompanying drawings of the instruction manual include: 1. bracket; 2. adapter block; 3. damping cylinder; 4. connecting rod; 5. lower jaw support plate; 6. outer shell; 7. slot; 8. connecting frame; 9. membrane; 10. venting groove; 11. first fixing band; 12. second fixing band; 13. cavity; 14. piston; 15. push rod; 16. spring; 17. base plate; 18. exhaust port; 19. air inlet; 20. pressure relief ring; 21. first limiting plate; 22. second limiting plate; 23. air pipe groove; 24. limiting rib. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The technical solution of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0040] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0041] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0042] The following detailed description illustrates the specific implementation method:

[0043] Example 1:

[0044] As attached Figure 1 As shown: A multifunctional jaw fixation device for bedridden patients includes symmetrically distributed brackets 1. Each bracket 1 has a connecting block 2 rotatably connected to its outer surface via a pin. Each connecting block 2 has a damping cylinder 3 welded to its bottom. (See attached image.) Figure 2 As shown, each damping cylinder 3 has a cavity 13 inside, and each cavity 13 has a piston 14 and a base plate 17. The base plate 17 is made of magnetic material. The bottom of each piston 14 is threaded with a push rod 15 that passes through the base plate 17. The other end of each push rod 15 is fixed with a connecting rod 4 that passes through the cavity 13 by a set screw. Each connecting rod 4 is equipped with a buckle assembly for adjusting the length of the connecting rod 4.

[0045] A jaw support plate 5 is located below the bracket 1. A silicone pad is adhered to the side of the jaw support plate 5 near the bracket 1 using medical adhesive. The other end of each connecting rod 4 is fastened to the jaw support plate 5 using pre-embedded nuts. A spring 16 is fixedly connected to the top of each piston 14, and the other end of each spring 16 is fixedly connected to the top wall of the cavity 13. Each base plate 17 has an exhaust vent 18. (See attached...) Figure 3As shown, a pressure relief ring 20 is slidably fitted inside the exhaust port 18 and sleeved on the outer peripheral wall of the push rod 15. The pressure relief ring 20 is made of magnetic material. Under normal conditions, the pressure relief ring 20 is adhered and sealed inside the exhaust port 18 by magnetic attraction. An air inlet 19 communicating with the cavity 13 is opened at the position of the side wall of the damping cylinder 3 near the top of the bottom plate 17, and a one-way air inlet valve is provided in each air inlet 19 to restrict the reverse flow of gas.

[0046] A first fixing strap 11 is provided above the bracket 1. Both ends of the first fixing strap 11 are connected to the top of the corresponding bracket 1 by snap stitching. A second fixing strap 12 is provided on the side of the bracket 1 away from the lower jaw support plate 5. Both ends of the second fixing strap 12 are connected to the side of the bracket 1 away from the lower jaw support plate 5 by snap stitching. A connecting frame 8 is integrally formed on the side of the bracket 1 near the lower jaw support plate 5. The end of the connecting frame 8 away from the bracket 1 is rotatably connected to a face protection component for blocking mosquitoes through a miniature rotating shaft. The face protection components are spliced ​​together to form a complete mask structure.

[0047] The specific implementation process is as follows:

[0048] In the initial stage of clinical care, there are significant differences in facial bone size and jaw position among bedridden patients. Using fixed-size restraints can easily lead to uneven force or dislodgement. Medical staff first adjust the extension length of the connecting rod 4 according to the patient's facial size using the buckle assembly to ensure that the jaw support plate 5 is at the optimal height for supporting the jaw.

[0049] Subsequently, the first fixing strap 11 and the second fixing strap 12 are fixed above and behind the patient's head, respectively, to keep the bracket 1 stable. At this point, facing the technical problem that the mouth and nose area of ​​long-term bedridden patients is easily exposed to dry air and external flying insects, the facial protection components on both sides are placed close together to form a complete barrier space on the front side of the bracket 1, thereby achieving the purpose of providing a moisturizing environment for the patient's mouth and nose area and physically blocking the entry of external mosquitoes or foreign objects.

[0050] When a patient experiences a violent cough or involuntary spasm that causes a burst of force in the jaw away from the support 1, the jaw plate 5 is subjected to a force away from the support 1. At this time, traditional rigid or purely elastic constraints, when subjected to huge impacts, lack effective clearance space and are prone to mechanical strain of the temporomandibular joint. The jaw plate 5 simultaneously pulls the connecting rod 4, push rod 15, and piston 14 to slide rapidly towards the base plate 17. The displacement of piston 14 towards the base plate 17 instantaneously compresses the air in cavity 13. Because the air inlet 19 on the side wall of damping cylinder 3 is equipped with a one-way air inlet valve, it cannot instantly release the large amount of gas that has suddenly increased in pressure, causing a rapid rise in air pressure inside cavity 13 between piston 14 and base plate 17. This instantaneous high-pressure airflow acts concentrated on the surface of pressure relief ring 20 blocking exhaust port 18. When the aerodynamic thrust generated by the airflow exceeds the preset static magnetic attraction force between base plate 17 and pressure relief ring 20, it instantly overcomes the magnetic attraction force, pushing pressure relief ring 20 away from piston 14 along push rod 15, thus opening exhaust port 18. The gas in cavity 13 is explosively discharged through exhaust port 18, causing a sudden reduction in resistance inside damping cylinder 3. The jaw support plate 5 can then adapt to the impact force and move flexibly away from support 1, thereby providing instantaneous buffering and force relief to protect the jaw joint and muscles from hard strain. During this dynamic stress relief process, the face protection components on both sides remain connected to the bracket 1 and the connecting frame 8, and the mask structure formed by them continuously covers the face, ensuring the continuity of the protective environment.

[0051] When the explosive force dissipates, there is a technical problem that ordinary elastic reset components are prone to sudden and violent rebound when the external force is lost, causing the patient's jaw to suffer a secondary hard impact. At this time, the spring 16, which is in a stretched state, contracts, and the traction piston 14 slides away from the base plate 17. As the positive pressure inside the cavity 13 disappears, the pressure relief ring 20 slides again under the magnetic attraction of the base plate 17 and seals the exhaust hole 18. At this time, external air can only slowly enter the cavity 13 through the small air inlet 19 with a small cross-sectional area on the side wall of the damping cylinder 3, forming a fluid pressure damping effect. This damping effect limits the sliding reset speed of the piston 14 away from the base plate 17, so that the jaw support plate 5 can return to the initial support position smoothly and without impact while maintaining the physiological function of the jaw, thereby avoiding secondary rebound impact injury to the jaw. Throughout the entire fixation and buffering cycle, the facial protection component always maintains the spliced ​​structure, achieving the purpose of providing the patient with a stable and continuous moisturizing and insect-proof nursing environment without affecting the dynamic force relief of the jaw support plate 5.

[0052] Example 2:

[0053] As attached Figure 4As shown, the difference from Embodiment 1 is that all facial protection components include a housing 6, and each housing 6 has several through-holes 7. A thin film 9 is bonded to the side of the housing 6 near the support 1 via a hot-pressing process, as shown in the attached figure. Figure 5 As shown, several air vents 10 corresponding to the slots 7 are perforated on the membrane 9. All air vents 10 are U-shaped (as shown in the attached diagram). Figure 6 As shown, the U-shaped ventilation groove 10 cuts out several tongue-shaped portions of the membrane corresponding to the slots 7. When the patient coughs, the outward exhaled airflow causes the tongue-shaped portions of the membrane 9 corresponding to the inside of the several U-shaped ventilation grooves 10 to fold outward. Several limiting ribs 24 that span the corresponding ventilation grooves 10 are fixedly connected to the side of the membrane 9 near the support 1. When the patient coughs, not only does the airflow outward, but it is also accompanied by inhalation. The presence of the limiting ribs 24 prevents the tongue-shaped portions of the membrane 9 corresponding to the inside of the several ventilation grooves 10 from folding inward with the inhalation of air.

[0054] Semicircular airway grooves 23 are provided on the side of the two outer shells 6 that are close to each other and on the side of the two membranes 9 that are close to each other. The airway grooves 23 on the two outer shells 6 and the airway grooves 23 on the two membranes 9 are respectively spliced ​​to form a first airway channel and a second airway channel. The first airway channel and the second airway channel are corresponding and connected. A first limiting plate 21 and a second limiting plate 22 are slidably fitted in the airway grooves 23 on the two outer shells 6 respectively. Anti-slip locking components for sliding positioning of the first limiting plate 21 or the second limiting plate 22 are provided between the first limiting plate 21 and the outer shell 6 and between the second limiting plate 22 and the outer shell 6. The anti-slip locking components are designed with reference to the Southco 47 series sliding latch. The edges of the first limiting plate 21 and the second limiting plate 22 that slide relative to each other are both inwardly concave arc structures.

[0055] The specific implementation process is as follows:

[0056] In routine clinical nursing scenarios, traditional protective shields present a technical challenge: their inconvenience in disassembling leads to obstructed vision for doctors during emergency interventions and observations. To address this, medical staff can rotate the protective components to both sides, causing them to flip outwards around the connecting frame 8. This fully exposes the patient's oral cavity for direct observation and unimpeded procedures. After suctioning or oral cleaning, the protective components are then reassembled and closed.

[0057] Meanwhile, traditional integrated closed protective masks present technical challenges during endotracheal intubation, including cumbersome disassembly and obstructed vision. In this case, medical personnel rotate the face protection components to both sides, allowing them to flip outwards around the connecting frame 8, thus fully exposing the patient's mouth and nose area. This provides an unobstructed field of vision and ample space for movement during endotracheal intubation. Medical personnel can then accurately complete the endotracheal intubation procedure without the physical interference of a mask.

[0058] After endotracheal intubation, medical staff rotate the two face shield components closer together. Since the endotracheal groove 23 is located at the edge where the face shield components meet, during the closing and splicing process, the endotracheal grooves 23 on the two outer shells 6 meet to form a first endotracheal channel, and the endotracheal grooves 23 on the two membranes 9 meet to form a second endotracheal channel. The first and second endotracheal channels connect and are spliced ​​together to form a complete channel surrounding the tube. This action of closing from both sides avoids the dangerous clinical operation of having to disconnect the endotracheal connector before puncturing the suture, thus achieving the goal of conveniently and safely completing mask closure and tube insertion without interrupting the tube connection. This effectively overcomes the technical difficulty that tubes connected to external medical equipment cannot be forcibly passed through the pre-reserved holes in a conventional integrated protective cover.

[0059] After the face mask is closed, the pre-reserved tracheal groove 23 on the protective cover is prone to physical gaps due to incompatibility, which can become a technical problem for mosquitoes to enter. For patients with medical trachea, medical staff place the tube in the channel formed by the splicing of two semi-circular tracheal grooves 23, and push the first limiting plate 21 and the second limiting plate 22, which are slidably installed in the tracheal groove 23 on the outside of the outer shell 6, to slide relative to each other in the direction of the tube. The first limiting plate 21 and the second limiting plate 22 are fixed and locked by the anti-slip locking component, so that the concave arc edges on both sides contract inward and fit tightly against the outer wall of the tube. Because the concave arc-shaped edge of the tracheal tube geometrically matches the circular tube wall, the sliding contact action stabilizes the tube's spatial position while using the solid area of ​​the limiting plate to cover and block any remaining gaps within the tracheal groove 23, excluding the tube itself. For patients without intubation, medical staff can directly adjust the relative sliding of the first limiting plate 21 and the second limiting plate 22 until the concave arc-shaped edges on both sides directly cover and block each other, completely sealing the previously open tracheal groove 23. Through the relative displacement adjustment of the first limiting plate 21 and the second limiting plate 22, potential holes and gaps in the tracheal groove 23 can be effectively eliminated in both intubated and non-intubated scenarios, preventing external insects from invading along the tube's path.

[0060] In everyday breathing and sudden coughing scenarios after the face shield is closed, there is a challenge in balancing patient exhalation pressure and external physical protection (insect repellency). Under normal, stable breathing conditions, the tongue-shaped portion of the membrane 9 corresponding to the inner side of several ventilation slots 10 remains flush and closed due to the elastic tension of the membrane 9 material itself. When the patient inhales, an inward negative airflow pressure is generated inside the mask. Because the inner side of the membrane 9, which is closer to the face, has an anti-inward turning limiting rib that spans the ventilation slot 10, the tongue-shaped portion of the membrane 9 is firmly held in place by this limiting rib when it moves inward, completely eliminating any space for inward folding. This one-way physical barrier effectively prevents the possibility of mosquitoes invading in the reverse direction along with the inhaled airflow. At this time, only a small gap is maintained at the seam to allow a weak airflow, meeting basic ventilation requirements.

[0061] When a patient breathes rapidly or coughs, generating a strong positive pressure airflow, nearby insects are likely to be drawn towards the mouth by the strong airflow from the sudden cough. As a result, the tongue-shaped portion of the membrane 9 inside the ventilation groove 10 is impacted by the airflow, overcoming the material's own tension and folding outwards. Simultaneously, due to the physical obstruction of the limiting rib 24, the tongue-shaped portion of the membrane 9 does not fold inwards with the inhaled airflow during inhalation. This outward folding increases the instantaneous exhaust area, allowing the hot and humid gas inside the mask to escape quickly. At the same time, the instantaneous outward folding action of the membrane 9 directly knocks away any approaching insects. More importantly, the positive pressure airflow continuously discharged from the inside of the membrane 9 forms an aerodynamic barrier, and the tongue-shaped part of the membrane 9 only experiences positive pressure from the inside, giving it a unidirectional outward-folding characteristic. When coughing or exhalation ends and the outward airflow weakens, the tongue-shaped part of the membrane 9 quickly returns to its original position and closes before external flying insects can react and attempt to invade in the opposite direction, relying on the elastic tension of the material itself, restoring its flush and adhesive state with the surface of the outer shell 6. Thus, during the dynamic release of air pressure, the mechanical and physical properties of "instantaneous outward-folding repulsion, positive pressure airflow barrier blocking, and rapid return closure by elastic tension" effectively overcome the loopholes in the mask that allow flying insects to enter.

[0062] Furthermore, in situations such as a patient experiencing a violent cough, the patient typically faces a simultaneous occurrence of a significant mechanical pull from the downward movement of the jaw and a high-pressure airflow expelled from the mouth. At this moment, the damping cylinder 3, triggered by the jaw pull, causes the internal piston 14 and pressure relief ring 20 to slide rapidly downwards, achieving physical and mechanical buffering and force relief of the jaw joint. Simultaneously, the tongue-shaped portion of the face shield diaphragm 9 is impacted by the instantaneous high-pressure airflow, causing it to fold outwards at a large angle, achieving rapid release of fluid pressure inside the mask. The outward folding pressure relief action of the diaphragm 9 and the force relief mechanism of the piston 14 in the damping cylinder 3 work together to achieve a dual dynamic adjustment and synergistic protection of facial airway pressure relief and jaw mechanical force buffering.

[0063] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely illustrative examples for clear explanation and are not intended to limit the implementation. Those skilled in the art will recognize that other variations or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively list all possible implementations here. However, obvious variations or modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A multifunctional jaw fixation device for bedridden patients, comprising symmetrically distributed brackets (1), characterized in that, The outer surface of the bracket (1) is rotatably connected to the adapter block (2), and the bottom of the adapter block (2) is fixedly connected to the damping cylinder (3). The damping cylinder (3) is provided with a cavity (13). The cavity (13) is provided with a piston (14) and a base plate (17). The bottom of the piston (14) is fixedly connected to a push rod (15) that passes through the base plate (17). The other end of the push rod (15) is fixedly connected to a connecting rod (4) that passes through the cavity (13). The bracket (1) is provided with a jaw support plate (5) below it. The connecting rod (4) is far away from the jaw support plate (5). One end of each push rod (15) is connected to the lower jaw support plate (5), and a spring (16) is fixedly connected to the top of the piston (14). The other end of the spring (16) is fixedly connected to the top wall of the cavity (13). Each bottom plate (17) has an exhaust hole (18). A pressure relief ring (20) is slidably fitted inside the exhaust hole (18) and sleeved on the outer peripheral wall of the push rod (15). Both the pressure relief ring (20) and the bottom plate (17) are made of magnetic material. An air inlet (19) communicating with the cavity (13) is opened on the side wall of the damping cylinder (3). A first fixing strap (11) is provided above the bracket (1). Both ends of the first fixing strap (11) are connected to the top of the corresponding bracket (1). A second fixing strap (12) is provided on the side of the bracket (1) away from the lower jaw support plate (5). Both ends of the second fixing strap (12) are connected to the side of the bracket (1) away from the lower jaw support plate (5). A connecting frame (8) is connected to the side of the bracket (1) close to the lower jaw support plate (5). A face protection component for blocking mosquitoes and keeping moist is rotatably connected to the end of the connecting frame (8) away from the bracket (1). The face protection components are spliced ​​together to form a complete mask structure.

2. The multifunctional mandibular fixation device for bedridden patients according to claim 1, characterized in that, All face protection components include a housing (6), and the housing (6) has several slots (7) through it.

3. The multifunctional mandibular fixation device for bedridden patients according to claim 2, characterized in that, The outer shell (6) is connected to a film (9) on the side near the bracket (1). Several ventilation grooves (10) corresponding to the slots (7) are opened through the film (9). Several limiting ribs (24) that cross the corresponding ventilation grooves (10) are fixedly connected to the side of the film (9) near the bracket (1).

4. The multifunctional mandibular fixation device for bedridden patients according to claim 3, characterized in that, Semicircular airway grooves (23) are opened on the side of the two outer shells (6) and the side of the two membranes (9) that are close to each other. The airway grooves (23) on the two outer shells (6) and the airway grooves (23) on the two membranes (9) are respectively spliced ​​to form the first airway channel and the second airway channel. The first airway channel and the second airway channel are in corresponding positions and connected.

5. The multifunctional mandibular fixation device for bedridden patients according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first limiting plate (21) and the second limiting plate (22) are slidably fitted in the air tube groove (23) on the two outer shells (6). Anti-slip locking components for sliding positioning of the first limiting plate (21) or the second limiting plate (22) are provided between the first limiting plate (21) and the outer shell (6) and between the second limiting plate (22) and the outer shell (6).

6. The multifunctional mandibular fixation device for bedridden patients according to claim 5, characterized in that, The edges of the first limiting plate (21) and the second limiting plate (22) that slide relative to each other are both inwardly concave arc-shaped structures.

7. The multifunctional mandibular fixation device for bedridden patients according to claim 6, characterized in that, Both the first fixing band (11) and the second fixing band (12) are elastic mesh structures.

8. The multifunctional mandibular fixation device for bedridden patients according to claim 7, characterized in that, Each connecting rod (4) is equipped with a snap-fit ​​assembly for adjusting the length of the connecting rod (4).

9. The multifunctional mandibular fixation device for bedridden patients according to claim 8, characterized in that, A silicone pad is attached to the side of the jaw support (5) near the bracket (1).

10. The multifunctional mandibular fixation device for bedridden patients according to claim 9, characterized in that, All ventilation slots (10) are U-shaped.

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