Geological mineral exploration sample crusher

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of ore sample crushing, in particular to a geological mineral exploration sample crusher which comprises a crushing roller, the crushing roller comprises a rotating shaft, a roller body is mounted on the periphery of the rotating shaft, and a plurality of first mounting grooves are formed in the periphery of the roller body; a first jacking mechanism first-stage protrusion assembly is fixedly mounted at the bottom of the first mounting groove. The protruding assembly comprises a protruding plate, a plurality of second mounting grooves are formed in the top face of the protruding plate, and movable teeth are slidably mounted in the second mounting grooves. A second jacking mechanism is arranged in the convex plate; the surface of the roller body can be flexibly switched among the smooth surface, the concave-convex surface and the tooth surface through the matched arrangement of the roller body, the convex assembly and the first jacking mechanism and the matched arrangement of the convex plate and the second jacking assembly, so that the surface of the roller body has three working forms capable of being flexibly switched, and the working efficiency of the roller body is improved through the switchable roller surface structure. And the function singleness of a traditional crushing roller is broken through, and the crushing roller has remarkable value in the aspects of cost reduction, efficiency improvement, resource intensification and environmental protection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of ore sample crushing, in particular to a geological and mineral exploration sample crusher. Background Art

[0002] In the process of geological and mineral exploration, rock or mineral samples usually exist in block form and need to be crushed to obtain smaller particles for subsequent separation, analysis and testing.

[0003] In the prior art, a roller crusher is a mechanical device widely used for crushing ore, rock and other materials. It mainly includes a crushing roller and a gap adjustment device for adjusting the gap between the two crushing rollers. Common adjustment methods include manual adjustment screw or hydraulic adjustment. When in use, the ore enters the crushing chamber of the crusher through the feed port. The two rollers of the crusher rotate in opposite directions, forming a clamping zone when close to each other and a material passing zone when far away; the roller crusher uses two relatively rotating crushing rollers to complete the crushing of materials by compression and shear force.

[0004] However, the existing roller crusher still has the following shortcomings when in use: The crushing roller surface structure of the traditional roller crusher is fixed (such as smooth roller, toothed roller or grooved roller), and its design is usually optimized for a single material characteristic (such as hardness, particle size or moisture content). Different materials need to match a specific roller surface structure. For example, smooth rollers are suitable for fine crushing of brittle materials, while high-hardness ores require coarse crushing with toothed rollers. When using them, users need to purchase multiple devices or frequently replace the entire roller, which restricts the flexibility of crushing work. Summary of the invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a geological and mineral exploration sample crusher to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0006] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions: A geological and mineral exploration sample crusher, comprising a crushing box and a crushing roller, wherein a feeding bin is fixedly installed at the middle position of the top of the crushing box, the bottom end of the crushing box is open, and a discharging funnel is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the crushing box, and a mounting mechanism for symmetrically mounting two crushing rollers is provided in the crushing box, and the mounting mechanism includes a motor for driving the crushing roller; the crushing roller comprises a rotating shaft, and a roller body is fixedly installed at the middle position of the outer periphery of the rotating shaft, and a plurality of mounting grooves 1 are provided on the outer periphery of the roller body, the mounting grooves 1 are parallel to the length direction of the roller body, and the plurality of mounting grooves 1 are distributed in an array circumferentially with respect to the axis of the roller body; Both ends of the first installation groove are provided with through grooves, a first lifting mechanism is fixedly installed at the bottom of the first installation groove, a protrusion assembly is also slidably installed in the first installation groove, and the bottom surface of the protrusion assembly is transmission-connected to the first lifting mechanism; The protrusion assembly includes a protrusion plate slidably mounted in a first mounting groove, the bottom surface of the protrusion plate is provided with a first inclined surface for use with a first lifting mechanism at both ends, a plurality of second mounting grooves are arranged in an array along the length direction of the protrusion plate on the top surface of the protrusion plate, a plurality of second mounting grooves form a plurality of fixed teeth on the upper part of the protrusion plate, a movable tooth is slidably mounted in the second mounting groove, and the movable tooth is in sliding contact with the inner wall of the first mounting groove and the side surface of the adjacent fixed tooth; The protrusion assembly further comprises a second lifting mechanism installed in the protrusion plate, wherein the second lifting mechanism is used to simultaneously drive the lifting and lowering of the plurality of movable teeth; A first regulating mechanism for simultaneously driving multiple groups of first lifting mechanisms is installed at one end of the outer periphery of the rotating shaft, and a second regulating mechanism for cooperating with the first regulating mechanism to simultaneously control multiple groups of second lifting mechanisms is installed at the other end of the outer periphery of the rotating shaft.

[0007] Furthermore, the first lifting mechanism includes a fixing seat and a reset assembly; The fixing seats are fixedly installed at both ends of the top surface of the installation groove one, a bidirectional screw is rotatably installed between the two fixing seats, and two symmetrically arranged lifting blocks are installed with through-threads on the periphery of the bidirectional screw, the two sides of the lifting blocks are in sliding contact with the inner wall of the installation groove one, the bottom surface of the lifting blocks is in sliding contact with the bottom surface of the installation groove one, and the top surface of the lifting block is provided with a second inclined surface used in conjunction with the first inclined surface at one end close to the middle position of the bidirectional screw; The end of the bidirectional screw rod close to the first adjustment mechanism rotates through the fixed seat at the corresponding position and is fixedly connected to the second gear; The reset component is fixedly installed at a middle position on a bottom surface of the installation groove, the reset component is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the convex plate, and the reset component is rotationally connected to the bidirectional screw rod in a through-type manner.

[0008] Furthermore, the reset assembly includes a plurality of mounting blocks fixedly mounted on the bottom surface of the first mounting groove, the plurality of mounting blocks are arranged in an array along the length direction of the first mounting groove, and the mounting blocks are rotationally connected to the bidirectional screw rod in a through-type manner; The top surface of the mounting block is fixedly connected with a spring 1, and the top end of the spring 1 is fixedly connected with the bottom surface of the convex plate.

[0009] Furthermore, the first adjustment mechanism comprises a gear 1 which is rotatably mounted on the periphery of the rotating shaft in a damped manner, and the gear 1 is meshed with a plurality of gears 2 at the same time; A plurality of handles are fixedly mounted on the side of the gear away from the roller body and are arranged in an array circumferentially about the axis of the rotating shaft.

[0010] Furthermore, the second lifting mechanism includes a mounting shaft, the mounting shaft is rotatably mounted between the fixed teeth at both ends of the convex plate, and the mounting shaft rotatably passes through the plurality of fixed teeth in the middle; The connection position between the installation shaft and the fixed tooth is close to the bottom of the second installation groove, and a plurality of cams are fixedly installed through the periphery of the installation shaft, the number of the plurality of cams is equal to the number of the plurality of second installation grooves, and the plurality of cams are respectively located in the plurality of second installation grooves; The radius of the larger end of the cam is equal to the distance between the axis of the mounting shaft and the second bottom surface of the mounting groove, and the side surfaces of the cam opposite to the two adjacent fixed teeth are in sliding contact with the fixed teeth at the corresponding positions respectively; The end of the installation shaft away from the gear one is rotated to pass through the fixed teeth at the corresponding position and then fixedly installed with the gear three.

[0011] Furthermore, the second lifting mechanism also includes a second spring, and the second spring is fixedly connected between the bottom surface of the movable tooth near the four corners and the bottom surface of the second mounting groove.

[0012] Furthermore, the second adjustment mechanism comprises a mounting plate which is rotatably mounted on the periphery of the rotating shaft in a damping manner, and the mounting plate is located on a side of the gear 3 away from the roller body; An inner gear and a limit gear coaxial with the mounting plate are fixedly mounted on one side of the mounting plate close to the gear three, the inner gear is arranged on the outside of the plurality of gear threes, and the limit gear is located on the inside of the plurality of gear threes; When the convex plate is in the jacking state, the plurality of gears three are in a state of meshing with the internal gear, and when the top surface of the convex plate is aligned with the surface of the roller body, the plurality of gears three are in a state of meshing with the limit gear; A plurality of handles 2 are fixedly mounted on the side of the mounting plate away from the gear 3 and arranged in an array circumferentially with respect to the axis of the mounting plate; A positioning assembly is arranged between the side surface of the mounting plate away from the gear three and the periphery of the rotating shaft.

[0013] Further, the positioning assembly includes a positioning hole 1, a positioning hole 2 and a positioning plate fixedly mounted on the side of the mounting plate, the positioning hole 1 and the positioning hole 2 are both opened on the rotating shaft, the axes of the positioning hole 1 and the positioning hole 2 are in the same plane, and the axes of the positioning hole 1 and the positioning hole 2 are perpendicular to the axis of the rotating shaft; The bottom surface of the positioning plate is an arc surface coaxial with the rotating shaft, and the bottom surface of the positioning plate is in sliding contact with the periphery of the rotating shaft; The top surface of the positioning plate is threadedly provided with a locking bolt used in conjunction with the first positioning hole and the second positioning hole; When the movable tooth is in a raised state, the front end of the locking bolt is located in the second positioning hole, and when the movable tooth is in a retracted state, the front end of the locking bolt is located in the first positioning hole.

[0014] Furthermore, the top surfaces of the movable teeth and the fixed teeth are arc surfaces with the same curvature, and the curvature of the top surfaces of the mounting plate and the fixed teeth is equal to the curvature of the surface of the roller body.

[0015] Furthermore, the installation mechanism includes a guide rod and a hydraulic cylinder, and four guide rods are fixedly connected between two opposite sides of the crushing box, and the four guide rods are distributed in a rectangular shape; The hydraulic cylinder is fixedly installed on the two outer sides corresponding to the crushing box, and the telescopic end of the hydraulic cylinder slides through the crushing box to the inside of the crushing box and is fixedly connected to a U-shaped mounting seat, in which the crushing roller is rotatably installed, and the motor for driving the crushing roller is fixedly installed on one side of the U-shaped mounting seat; Both ends of the U-shaped mounting seat are fixedly connected with sliders on the top and bottom surfaces, and one end of the slider away from the U-shaped mounting seat is through-slidably connected to a guide rod at a corresponding position.

[0016] Beneficial effects of the present invention: 1. The roller body, the protruding assembly, the first lifting mechanism and the first adjusting mechanism in the crushing roller are arranged in coordination, so that the surface of the roller body can be flexibly switched between the smooth surface and the concave-convex surface; and the surface of the roller body can be flexibly switched between the concave-convex surface and the tooth surface through the coordination of the second adjusting mechanism, the protruding plate and the second lifting assembly in the protruding assembly, so that the surface of the roller body has three flexibly switchable working forms. The switchable roller surface structure breaks through the single function of the traditional crushing roller, has significant value in cost reduction and efficiency improvement, resource intensification and environmental protection, and is particularly suitable for use scenarios with complex material types and changing process requirements.

[0017] 2. In the second adjustment mechanism of the present invention, when the surface of the roller body is in a smooth surface, the plurality of gears three can be limited circumferentially through the meshing of the limit gear and the plurality of gears three, thereby ensuring the stability of the cam position state and improving the stability of the smooth surface morphology of the roller body; in the process of the convex plate being lifted, the distance between the gear three and the rotating shaft gradually increases, and when the convex plate is completely lifted, the plurality of gears three mesh with the internal gear, and at this time, by rotating the mounting plate, the internal gear can simultaneously drive the plurality of gears three to rotate, thereby realizing the rotation of the mounting shaft, that is, realizing the rapid switching function from the concave-convex morphology to the tooth surface morphology, thereby improving the convenience of use of the present invention.

[0018] 3. The present invention can limit the relative rotation between the mounting plate and the rotating shaft during operation by setting a positioning assembly, thereby improving the structural stability of the device. At the same time, by means of a locking bolt in conjunction with positioning hole one and positioning hole two, the driving rotation angle of the internal gear to gear three can be accurately controlled, thereby ensuring the consistency of the cam before and after switching between the concave-convex shape and the tooth surface shape, providing convenience for the user's switching operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work. Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the crushing roller in the present invention; Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A magnified view of part A; Figure 4 yes Figure 3 Enlarged view of part C; Figure 5 yes Figure 2 A magnified view of part B; Figure 6 yes Figure 2 A three-dimensional schematic diagram from another angle; Figure 7 yes Figure 6 A magnified view of part D in the middle; Figure 8 yes Figure 7 Enlarged view of part E in the middle; Fig. 9 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the convex plate and the roller body in the present invention; Fig.10 yes Fig. 9 Enlarged view of part F; Fig.11 yes Fig.10 Enlarged view of section G; Fig.12 yes Fig.10 Enlarged view of section H; Fig.13 It is a schematic diagram of the mechanism of the position state between the gear 3 and the internal gear when the upper part of the convex plate protrudes from the surface of the roller body; Fig.14 It is a schematic diagram of the mechanism showing the position state between the gear 3 and the internal gear when the upper portion of the convex plate is located in the mounting groove 1; Fig.15 It is a structural schematic diagram of the upper part of the convex plate in the present invention in an aligned state; Fig.16 It is a structural schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the movable teeth and the cam when the upper part of the convex plate is in an aligned state; Fig.17 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the convex plate under the tooth surface shape; Fig.18 It is a structural schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the movable teeth and the cam under the tooth surface form; Fig.19 It is a structural schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the U-shaped mounting seat and the guide rod; The reference numerals in the figures are as follows: 1-crushing box, 2-feeding bin, 3-discharging funnel, 4-hydraulic cylinder, 5-guide rod, 6-slider, 7-U-type mounting seat, 8-motor, 9-crushing roller, 10-roller body, 11-protrusion assembly, 12-mounting slot one, 13-through slot, 14-rotating shaft, 15-gear one, 16-handle one, 17-convex plate, 18-lifting block, 19-gear two, 20-bidirectional screw rod, 21-fixed seat, 22-mounting plate, 23-internal gear, 24-gear three, 25-mounting shaft, 26-handle two, 27-inclined surface one, 28-inclined surface two, 29-mounting block, 30-spring one, 33-movable tooth, 34-fixed tooth, 35-cam, 36-spring two, 37-mounting slot two, 38-positioning plate, 39-locking bolt, 40-positioning hole one, 41-positioning hole two, 42-limiting gear. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] Embodiment 1: See also Figures 1 to 18In an embodiment of the present invention, a geological mineral exploration sample crusher includes a crushing box 1 and a crushing roller 9. A feed bin 2 is fixedly installed at the middle position of the top of the crushing box 1. The bottom of the crushing box 1 is open, and a discharge funnel 3 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the crushing box 1. A mounting mechanism for symmetrically mounting two crushing rollers 9 is provided in the crushing box 1, and the mounting mechanism includes a motor 8 for driving the crushing roller 9; the crushing roller 9 includes a rotating shaft 14, and a roller body 10 is fixedly installed at the middle position of the outer periphery of the rotating shaft 14. A plurality of mounting grooves 12 are provided on the outer periphery of the roller body 10, and the mounting grooves 12 are parallel to the length direction of the roller body 10, and the plurality of mounting grooves 12 are distributed in a circumferential array about the axis of the roller body 10; Both ends of the installation groove 12 are provided with through grooves 13, a first lifting mechanism is fixedly installed at the bottom of the installation groove 12, and a protrusion assembly 11 is also slidably installed in the installation groove 12, and the bottom surface of the protrusion assembly 11 is transmission-connected to the first lifting mechanism; The protruding assembly 11 includes a protruding plate 17 slidably mounted in the mounting groove 12. The bottom surface of the protruding plate 17 is provided with inclined surfaces 27 used in cooperation with the first lifting mechanism at both ends. A plurality of mounting grooves 37 are arranged in an array along the length direction of the top surface of the protruding plate 17. The plurality of mounting grooves 37 form a plurality of fixed teeth 34 on the upper part of the protruding plate 17. A movable tooth 33 is slidably mounted in the mounting groove 37. The movable tooth 33 is in sliding contact with the inner wall of the mounting groove 12 and the side surface of the adjacent fixed tooth 34. The protrusion assembly 11 further includes a second lifting mechanism installed in the protrusion plate 17, and the second lifting mechanism is used to drive the lifting and lowering of the plurality of movable teeth 33 at the same time; A first adjusting mechanism for simultaneously driving multiple groups of first lifting mechanisms is installed at one end of the outer periphery of the rotating shaft 14, and a second adjusting mechanism for simultaneously controlling multiple groups of second lifting mechanisms in cooperation with the first adjusting mechanism is installed at the other end of the outer periphery of the rotating shaft 14; The top surfaces of the movable teeth 33 and the fixed teeth 34 are arc surfaces with the same curvature, and the curvature of the top surfaces of the mounting plate 22 and the fixed teeth 34 is equal to the curvature of the surface of the roller body 10 .

[0022] Wherein, the first lifting mechanism includes a fixing seat 21 and a reset assembly; A fixing seat 21 is fixedly installed at both ends of the top surface of the installation groove 12, a bidirectional screw rod 20 is rotatably installed between the two fixing seats 21, and two symmetrically arranged lifting blocks 18 are installed on the outer periphery of the bidirectional screw rod 20 by a through-thread type, and the two sides of the lifting block 18 are in sliding contact with the inner wall of the installation groove 12, and the bottom surface of the lifting block 18 is in sliding contact with the bottom surface of the installation groove 12, and the top surface of the lifting block 18 is provided with a second inclined surface 28 used in conjunction with the first inclined surface 27 at one end near the middle position of the bidirectional screw rod 20; One end of the bidirectional screw rod 20 close to the first adjustment mechanism rotates through the fixed seat 21 at the corresponding position and is fixedly connected to the gear 2 19; The reset assembly is fixedly mounted at the middle position of the bottom surface of the mounting groove 12 , the reset assembly is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the convex plate 17 , and the reset assembly is rotationally connected to the bidirectional screw rod 20 in a through-type manner.

[0023] The reset assembly includes a plurality of mounting blocks 29 fixedly mounted on the bottom surface of the mounting groove 12, the plurality of mounting blocks 29 are arranged in an array along the length direction of the mounting groove 12, and the mounting blocks 29 are rotationally connected to the bidirectional screw rod 20 in a through-type manner; A spring 30 is fixedly connected to the top surface of the mounting block 29, and the top of the spring 30 is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the convex plate 17. It should be noted that the spring 30 is always in a stretched state to prevent the convex plate 17 from being offset due to the centrifugal force during operation.

[0024] The first adjustment mechanism includes a gear 15 which is rotatably mounted on the outer periphery of the rotating shaft 14 in a damping manner, and the gear 15 is meshed with a plurality of gears 2 19 at the same time; A plurality of handles 16 are fixedly mounted on the side of the gear 15 away from the roller body 10 and are arranged in an array circumferentially about the axis of the rotating shaft 14 .

[0025] The second lifting mechanism includes a mounting shaft 25, and the mounting shaft 25 is rotatably mounted between the fixed teeth 34 at both ends of the convex plate 17, and the mounting shaft 25 rotatably penetrates the multiple fixed teeth 34 in the middle; The connection position between the installation shaft 25 and the fixed tooth 34 is close to the bottom of the second installation groove 37. A plurality of cams 35 are fixedly installed through the periphery of the installation shaft 25. The number of the plurality of cams 35 is equal to the number of the plurality of second installation grooves 37, and the plurality of cams 35 are respectively located in the plurality of second installation grooves 37. The radius of the larger end of the cam 35 is equal to the distance from the axis of the mounting shaft 25 to the bottom surface of the second mounting groove 37, and the side surfaces of the cam 35 opposite to the two adjacent fixed teeth 34 are in sliding contact with the fixed teeth 34 at the corresponding positions respectively; The end of the mounting shaft 25 away from the gear 1 15 rotates through the fixed teeth 34 at the corresponding position and then is fixedly mounted with the gear 3 24 .

[0026] The second lifting mechanism further includes a second spring 36, and the bottom surface of the movable tooth 33 near the four corners is fixedly connected with the second spring 36 and the bottom surface of the second mounting groove 37. The second spring 36 is always in a stretched state to prevent the movable tooth 33 from being deflected by the centrifugal force during operation.

[0027] In the process of geological and mineral exploration, rock or mineral samples usually exist in block form, and need to be crushed to obtain smaller particles to facilitate subsequent separation, analysis and testing. In the prior art, the roller crusher is a mechanical equipment widely used for crushing ores, rocks and other materials. However, the surface structure of the crushing roller of the existing roller crusher is fixed (such as smooth roller, toothed roller or grooved roller), and its design is usually targeted at a single material characteristic (such as hardness, particle size or moisture content). Different materials need to match specific roller surface structures. For example, smooth rollers are suitable for fine crushing of brittle materials, while high-hardness ores require coarse crushing with toothed rollers. When using them, users need to purchase multiple devices or frequently replace the entire roller, which restricts the flexibility of crushing work.

[0028] When the present invention is used: The surface of the roller body 10 of the crushing roller 9 in the present invention has three switchable working forms, specifically a smooth surface form, a concave-convex surface form and a tooth surface form.

[0029] 1. When in glossy form: The movable teeth 33 are in a lifted state, at which time the top surfaces of the movable teeth 33 and the fixed teeth 34 are aligned, and the top surface of the convex plate 17 is a continuous arc surface; at the same time, the convex plate 17 is located in the mounting groove 12, at which time the top surface of the convex plate 17 is butted against the surface of the roller body 10, so that the surface of the roller body 10 is in a smooth state.

[0030] When the top surfaces of the movable tooth 33 and the fixed tooth 34 are aligned, the cam 35 is in a vertical state to lift and support the movable tooth 33, and at this time, the degree of stretching of the spring 2 36 increases; When the top surface of the convex plate 17 is in a butt joint with the surface of the roller body 10 , the two lifting blocks 18 are respectively located at the two ends of the mounting groove 12 , and the inclined surface 1 27 at the bottom of the convex plate 17 is in extrusion contact with the inclined surface 2 28 of the lifting block 18 .

[0031] 2. Concave and convex shapes: When it is necessary to switch from the smooth surface to the concave-convex surface, the gear 15 is rotated by the handle 16, and the gear 15 simultaneously drives the multiple gears 2 19 to rotate synchronously and in the same direction, so that the two lifting blocks 18 in the installation groove 12 move closer, and the top of the convex plate 17 is lifted to the outside of the installation groove 12 by the squeezing of the inclined surface 28 and the inclined surface 1 27 until the top surface of the lifting block 18 contacts the bottom surface of the convex plate 17. At this time, the multiple convex plates 17 form a plurality of strip-shaped protrusions on the surface of the roller body 10, so that the multiple strip-shaped protrusions distributed in a circumferential array form a concave-convex surface on the surface of the roller body 10.

[0032] At this time, the degree of stretching of the spring 1 30 increases; Similarly, when it is necessary to switch from the concave-convex shape to the smooth shape, the gear 15 drives the multiple gears 2 19 to rotate in the opposite direction, so that the two lifting blocks 18 are reset in the installation groove 12. During the process, the multiple springs 1 30 will also drive the convex plate 17 to reset in the installation groove 12, thereby realizing the switching from the concave-convex shape to the smooth shape.

[0033] 3. Tooth surface shape: The tooth surface morphology is changed on the basis of the concave-convex morphology. Specifically, the second adjustment mechanism drives the multiple gears 3 24 to rotate synchronously and in the same direction, so that the cam 35 is gradually converted to a horizontal state, and at the same time, under the elastic force of the multiple springs 2 36, the movable teeth 33 are driven to move downward; at this time, the top surface of the movable teeth 33 is aligned with the surface of the roller body 10, and the upper part of the convex plate 17 is only the top of the fixed teeth 34 that forms a bulge on the surface of the roller body 10, so that the roller body 10 avoids the change of the concave-convex morphology into a tooth surface morphology; Similarly, by rotating the mounting shaft 25 in the opposite direction to drive the cam 35 to return to the position where the movable tooth 33 is lifted, the tooth surface shape can be switched to a concave-convex shape.

[0034] Therefore, in the crushing roller 9 of the present invention, the surface of the roller body 10 can be flexibly switched between the smooth surface and the concave-convex surface through the coordinated arrangement of the roller body 10, the protruding component 11, the first lifting mechanism and the first adjusting mechanism; and the surface of the roller body 10 can be flexibly switched between the concave-convex surface and the tooth surface through the coordinated arrangement of the second adjusting mechanism and the protruding plate 17 and the second lifting component in the protruding component 11, so that the surface of the roller body 10 has three flexibly switchable working forms. The switchable roller surface structure breaks through the single function of the traditional crushing roller, has significant value in cost reduction and efficiency improvement, resource intensification and environmental protection, and is particularly suitable for use scenarios with complex material types and changing process requirements.

[0035] Embodiment 2: See also Figure 2 , Figures 5 to 8 , Fig.13 and Fig.14 , based on Example 1, the second adjustment mechanism includes a mounting plate 22 that is rotatably mounted on the periphery of the rotating shaft 14 in a damping manner, and the mounting plate 22 is located on a side of the gear 3 24 away from the roller body 10; An inner gear 23 and a limit gear 42 coaxial with the mounting plate 22 are fixedly mounted on one side of the mounting plate 22 close to the gear three 24. The inner gear 23 is arranged on the outer side of the plurality of gear three 24, and the limit gear 42 is located on the inner side of the plurality of gear three 24. When the convex plate 17 is in the jacking state, the plurality of gears three 24 are in meshing with the internal gear 23, and when the top surface of the convex plate 17 is aligned with the surface of the roller body 10, the plurality of gears three 24 are in meshing with the limit gear 42; A plurality of handles 26 are fixedly mounted on the side of the mounting plate 22 away from the gear 3 24 and arranged in an array circumferentially about the axis of the mounting plate 22; A positioning assembly is disposed between the side of the mounting plate 22 away from the gear three 24 and the periphery of the rotating shaft 14 .

[0036] When the surface of the roller body 10 is smooth, that is, when the top surface of the convex plate 17 is aligned with the surface of the roller body 10, the plurality of gears 3 24 can be circumferentially limited by the engagement of the limiting gear 42 with the plurality of gears 3 24, thereby ensuring the stability of the position state of the cam 35 and improving the stability of the smooth surface of the roller body 10. During the process of the convex plate 17 being lifted, the distance between the gear three 24 and the rotating shaft 14 gradually increases. When the convex plate 17 is completely lifted, multiple gear threes 24 are meshed with the internal gear 23. At this time, by rotating the mounting plate 22, the internal gear 23 can simultaneously drive multiple gear threes 24 to rotate, thereby realizing the rotation of the mounting shaft 25, that is, realizing the function of rapid switching from the concave-convex shape to the tooth surface shape, thereby improving the convenience of use of the present invention.

[0037] Embodiment 3: See also Fig.13 and Fig.14 On the basis of Example 2, the positioning assembly includes a positioning hole 1 40, a positioning hole 2 41 and a positioning plate 38 fixedly mounted on the side of the mounting plate 22, the positioning hole 1 40 and the positioning hole 2 41 are both opened on the rotating shaft 14, the axes of the positioning hole 1 40 and the positioning hole 2 41 are in the same plane, and the axes of the positioning hole 1 40 and the positioning hole 2 41 are perpendicular to the axis of the rotating shaft 14; The bottom surface of the positioning plate 38 is an arc surface coaxial with the rotating shaft 14, and the bottom surface of the positioning plate 38 is in sliding contact with the periphery of the rotating shaft 14; The top surface of the positioning plate 38 is threadedly provided with a locking bolt 39 used in conjunction with the positioning hole 1 40 and the positioning hole 2 41; When the movable tooth 33 is in the raised state, the front end of the locking bolt 39 is located in the second positioning hole 41 , and when the movable tooth 33 is in the retracted state, the front end of the locking bolt 39 is located in the first positioning hole 40 .

[0038] By setting the positioning assembly, the relative rotation between the mounting plate 22 and the rotating shaft 14 can be limited during operation, thereby improving the structural stability of the device. At the same time, by means of the locking bolt 39 and the positioning and locking of the positioning hole 1 40 and the positioning hole 2 41, the driving rotation angle of the internal gear 23 to the gear 3 24 can be accurately controlled, thereby ensuring the consistency of the cam 35 before and after switching between the concave and convex shape and the tooth surface shape, thereby providing convenience for the user's switching operation.

[0039] Embodiment 4: See also Figure 1 and Fig.19 , on the basis of embodiment 3, the mounting mechanism includes a guide rod 5 and a hydraulic cylinder 4, four guide rods 5 are fixedly connected between two opposite sides of the crushing box 1, and the four guide rods 5 are distributed in a rectangular shape; Hydraulic cylinders 4 are fixedly installed on the two corresponding outer sides of the crushing box 1. The telescopic end of the hydraulic cylinder 4 slides through the crushing box 1 and is fixedly connected to a U-shaped mounting seat 7 inside the crushing box 1. A crushing roller 9 is rotatably installed in the U-shaped mounting seat 7. A motor 8 for driving the crushing roller 9 is fixedly installed on one side of the U-shaped mounting seat 7. Both ends of the U-shaped mounting seat 7 are fixedly connected with sliders 6 on the top and bottom surfaces, and one end of the slider 6 away from the U-shaped mounting seat 7 is connected to the guide rod 5 at the corresponding position in a through-type sliding manner.

[0040] In the installation mechanism, the distance between the two crushing rollers 9 can be flexibly adjusted within a certain range by controlling the extension and contraction of the hydraulic cylinder 4, which can improve the practicability of the device and adapt to the switching requirements of the crushing form of the crushing roller 9.

[0041] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and the above embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the present invention to be protected.

Claims

1. A geological and mineral exploration sample crusher, comprising a crushing box (1) and a crushing roller (9), wherein a feed bin (2) is fixedly mounted at the middle position of the top of the crushing box (1), and a discharge hopper (3) is fixedly mounted at the bottom of the crushing box (1), and a mounting mechanism for symmetrically mounting two crushing rollers (9) is provided in the crushing box (1), and the mounting mechanism comprises a motor (8) for driving the crushing rollers (9); characterized in that: The crushing roller (9) comprises a rotating shaft (14), a roller body (10) is fixedly mounted at a middle position of the outer periphery of the rotating shaft (14), a plurality of mounting grooves (12) are provided on the outer periphery of the roller body (10), the mounting grooves (12) are parallel to the length direction of the roller body (10), and the plurality of mounting grooves (12) are arranged in an array circumferentially with respect to the axis of the roller body (10); Both ends of the installation groove (12) are provided with through grooves (13); a first lifting mechanism is fixedly installed at the bottom of the installation groove (12); a protrusion assembly (11) is also slidably installed in the installation groove (12); and the bottom surface of the protrusion assembly (11) is transmission-connected to the first lifting mechanism; The protrusion assembly (11) comprises a protrusion plate (17) slidably mounted in a first mounting groove (12), the bottom surface of the protrusion plate (17) being provided with a first inclined surface (27) at both ends, the top surface of the protrusion plate (17) being provided with a plurality of second mounting grooves (37) arranged in an array along its length direction, the plurality of second mounting grooves (37) forming a plurality of fixed teeth (34), and a movable tooth (33) being slidably mounted in the second mounting groove (37); The protrusion assembly (11) further comprises a second lifting mechanism installed in the protrusion plate (17); One end of the outer periphery of the rotating shaft (14) is equipped with a first adjustment mechanism for simultaneously driving multiple groups of first lifting mechanisms, and the other end of the outer periphery of the rotating shaft (14) is equipped with a second adjustment mechanism for simultaneously controlling multiple groups of second lifting mechanisms.

2. A geological and mineral exploration sample crusher according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first lifting mechanism comprises a fixing seat (21) and a reset assembly; The fixing seats (21) are fixedly installed at both ends of the top surface of the installation groove (12), a bidirectional screw (20) is rotatably installed between the two fixing seats (21), two symmetrically arranged lifting blocks (18) are installed on the outer periphery of the bidirectional screw (20) by a through-threaded manner, the two sides of the lifting blocks (18) are in sliding contact with the inner wall of the installation groove (12), the bottom surface of the lifting blocks (18) is in sliding contact with the bottom surface of the installation groove (12), and the top surface of the lifting blocks (18) is provided with a second inclined surface (28) used in conjunction with the first inclined surface (27) at one end close to the middle position of the bidirectional screw (20); The end of the bidirectional screw rod (20) close to the first adjustment mechanism rotates through the fixed seat (21) at the corresponding position and is fixedly connected to the second gear (19); The reset assembly is fixedly mounted at a middle position on the bottom surface of the first mounting groove (12), the reset assembly is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the convex plate (17), and the reset assembly is rotationally connected to the bidirectional screw rod (20) in a through-type manner.

3. A geological and mineral exploration sample crusher according to claim 2, characterized in that: The reset assembly comprises a plurality of mounting blocks (29) fixedly mounted on the bottom surface of the mounting groove one (12), the plurality of mounting blocks (29) being arranged in an array along the length direction of the mounting groove one (12), and the mounting blocks (29) being rotationally connected to the bidirectional screw rod (20) in a through-type manner; A spring 1 (30) is fixedly connected to the top surface of the mounting block (29), and the top end of the spring 1 (30) is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the convex plate (17).

4. A geological and mineral exploration sample crusher according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first adjustment mechanism comprises a gear 1 (15) which is rotatably mounted on the periphery of the rotating shaft (14) in a damping manner, and the gear 1 (15) is meshed with a plurality of gear 2s (19) at the same time; A plurality of handles (16) are fixedly mounted on the side of the gear (15) away from the roller body (10) and arranged in an array circumferentially about the axis of the rotating shaft (14).

5. A geological and mineral exploration sample crusher according to claim 4, characterized in that: The second lifting mechanism comprises a mounting shaft (25), the mounting shaft (25) being rotatably mounted between the fixed teeth (34) at both ends of the convex plate (17), and the mounting shaft (25) rotatably passes through the plurality of fixed teeth (34) in the middle; The connection position between the installation shaft (25) and the fixed tooth (34) is close to the bottom of the second installation groove (37); a plurality of cams (35) are fixedly installed through the periphery of the installation shaft (25); the number of the plurality of cams (35) is equal to the number of the plurality of second installation grooves (37), and the plurality of cams (35) are respectively located in the plurality of second installation grooves (37); The radius of the larger end of the cam (35) is equal to the distance from the axis of the mounting shaft (25) to the bottom surface of the second mounting groove (37), and the side surfaces of the cam (35) opposite to the two adjacent fixed teeth (34) are in sliding contact with the fixed teeth (34) at the corresponding positions respectively; The end of the mounting shaft (25) away from the gear one (15) rotates through the fixed teeth (34) at the corresponding position and then fixedly mounts the gear three (24).

6. A geological and mineral exploration sample crusher according to claim 5, characterized in that: The second lifting mechanism also includes a second spring (36), and the second spring (36) is fixedly connected between the bottom surface of the movable tooth (33) at positions close to the four corners and the bottom surface of the second mounting groove (37).

7. A geological and mineral exploration sample crusher according to claim 5, characterized in that: The second adjustment mechanism comprises a mounting plate (22) which is rotatably mounted on the periphery of the rotating shaft (14) in a damping manner, and the mounting plate (22) is located on a side of the gear three (24) away from the roller body (10); An internal gear (23) and a limit gear (42) coaxial with the mounting plate (22) are fixedly mounted on one side of the mounting plate (22) close to the gear three (24); the internal gear (23) is arranged on the outside of the plurality of gear threes (24), and the limit gear (42) is located on the inside of the plurality of gear threes (24); When the convex plate (17) is in a lifted state, the plurality of gear threes (24) are in a meshing state with the internal gear (23); when the top surface of the convex plate (17) is aligned with the surface of the roller body (10), the plurality of gear threes (24) are in a meshing state with the limit gear (42); A plurality of handles 2 (26) are fixedly mounted on the side of the mounting plate (22) away from the gear 3 (24) and arranged in an array circumferentially about the axis of the mounting plate (22); A positioning assembly is provided between the side of the mounting plate (22) away from the gear three (24) and the periphery of the rotating shaft (14).

8. A geological and mineral exploration sample crusher according to claim 7, characterized in that: The positioning assembly comprises a positioning hole 1 (40), a positioning hole 2 (41) and a positioning plate (38) fixedly mounted on a side of the mounting plate (22); the positioning hole 1 (40) and the positioning hole 2 (41) are both formed on the rotating shaft (14); the axes of the positioning hole 1 (40) and the positioning hole 2 (41) are in the same plane, and the axes of the positioning hole 1 (40) and the positioning hole 2 (41) are perpendicular to the axis of the rotating shaft (14); The bottom surface of the positioning plate (38) is an arc surface coaxial with the rotating shaft (14), and the bottom surface of the positioning plate (38) is in sliding contact with the periphery of the rotating shaft (14); The top surface of the positioning plate (38) is threadedly provided with a locking bolt (39) for use with the first positioning hole (40) and the second positioning hole (41); When the movable tooth (33) is in a raised state, the front end of the locking bolt (39) is located in the second positioning hole (41); when the movable tooth (33) is in a retracted state, the front end of the locking bolt (39) is located in the first positioning hole (40).

9. A geological and mineral exploration sample crusher according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top surfaces of the movable teeth (33) and the fixed teeth (34) are arc surfaces with the same curvature, and the curvature of the top surfaces of the movable teeth (33) and the fixed teeth (34) is equal to the curvature of the surface of the roller body (10).

10. A geological and mineral exploration sample crusher according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mounting mechanism comprises a guide rod (5) and a hydraulic cylinder (4); four guide rods (5) are fixedly connected between two opposite side surfaces of the crushing box (1); the four guide rods (5) are distributed in a rectangular shape; The hydraulic cylinder (4) is fixedly mounted on the two corresponding outer sides of the crushing box (1); the telescopic end of the hydraulic cylinder (4) slides through the crushing box (1) and is fixedly connected to a U-shaped mounting seat (7) inside the crushing box (1); the crushing roller (9) is rotatably mounted in the U-shaped mounting seat (7); and the motor (8) for driving the crushing roller (9) is fixedly mounted on one side of the U-shaped mounting seat (7); Both ends of the U-shaped mounting seat (7) are fixedly connected to sliders (6) on the top and bottom surfaces, and one end of the slider (6) away from the U-shaped mounting seat (7) is connected to a guide rod (5) at a corresponding position in a through-type sliding manner.

Images