Additive manufacturing Z-direction continuous enhanced intelligent structure regulation and control system and manufacturing method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of additive manufacturing, in particular to an additive manufacturing Z-direction continuous enhancement intelligent regulation and control system and a manufacturing method. The technology is mainly applied to aerospace, automobile, mechanical manufacturing and other industries with high requirements for mechanical properties of parts, and aims to solve the problem that the interlayer mechanical properties are low in the powder bed additive manufacturing process through the innovative structural design and manufacturing method, so that a more reliable and more efficient solution is provided for manufacturing of high-performance parts. The invention discloses an additive manufacturing Z-direction continuous enhancement intelligent regulation and control system and a manufacturing method. The system comprises a design and planning module, a locking mechanism design module, an additive manufacturing module, a layered printing module, a signal feedback and regulation and control system setting module, a post-processing and detection module and the like. The problem that the interlayer mechanical property is low in the powder bed additive manufacturing process is solved, and therefore a more reliable and more efficient solution is provided for manufacturing of high-performance parts.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of additive manufacturing, and in particular to an additive manufacturing Z-direction continuous enhanced intelligent structure control system and a manufacturing method. Background Art

[0002] In today's manufacturing field, powder bed additive manufacturing technology is increasingly used because it can achieve rapid and highly customized manufacturing of complex-shaped components. However, its interlayer mechanical properties, especially the Z-axis mechanical properties, are relatively low, which has become a limiting factor for its application in industries such as aerospace, automobiles, and machinery manufacturing.

[0003] The reasons for this problem are: the interlayer bonding is not tight during layer-by-layer printing, and there are tiny pores and defects, which weaken the Z-axis bearing capacity; the thermal cycle during printing generates residual stress, which affects the interlayer bonding strength; the powder particle size, distribution and melting are uneven, resulting in uneven microstructure of the component in the Z direction, which reduces the overall mechanical properties. Although traditional methods have been tried to solve this problem, the effect is limited and it is difficult to meet the stringent requirements. There is an urgent need for innovative and effective solutions to improve the Z-axis mechanical properties. Summary of the invention

[0004] To solve the above problems, the present invention discloses an additive manufacturing Z-direction continuous enhancement intelligent structure control system and manufacturing method. This technology is mainly used in industries such as aerospace, automobile, and machinery manufacturing that have high requirements for the mechanical properties of parts. It aims to solve the problem of low interlayer mechanical properties in the powder bed additive manufacturing process through innovative structural design and manufacturing methods, thereby providing a more reliable and efficient solution for the manufacture of high-performance parts.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention discloses an additive manufacturing Z-axis continuous enhanced intelligent control structure manufacturing system, including a design and planning module, a locking mechanism design module, an additive manufacturing module, a layered printing module, a signal feedback and control system setting module, and a post-processing and detection module.

[0006] As a further design of this solution, the design and planning module needs to comprehensively consider the functional requirements, working environment and material properties of the components during the design and planning stage. First of all, the various loads that the components bear in actual applications are deeply analyzed, including static loads, dynamic loads and complex multi-axial load conditions. At the same time, the effects of factors such as temperature, humidity, and chemical corrosion in the working environment on the performance of the components are studied. Based on these analyses, the precise shape, size and internal structure layout of the components are determined. In material selection, not only the basic mechanical properties of the material, such as strength, hardness and toughness, should be considered, but also its thermal properties, chemical stability and machinability. For complex components, it may be necessary to use a combination of multiple materials to achieve the best performance match.

[0007] As a further design of this solution, the locking mechanism design module; this module focuses on the design of innovative locking mechanisms. Through in-depth mechanical analysis and simulation, shapes with efficient self-locking ability and mechanical transmission performance are developed. For example, unique curves or polyhedron shapes are used to increase contact area and friction. The rotation angle space is accurately planned, and the angle range that can produce the maximum Z-direction enhancement effect is determined by combining finite element analysis and actual test data. At the same time, considering the overall structure and force distribution of the component, the locking mechanism inside the sand mold is reasonably arranged.

[0008] As a further design of this solution, the additive manufacturing module optimizes the process parameters of the equipment according to the characteristics of the selected materials and the precision requirements of the components during the additive manufacturing process. This includes adjusting the laser power, scanning speed, powder layer thickness, etc. to ensure sufficient melting and good solidification of the material. At the same time, an advanced powder delivery and spreading system is developed to improve the utilization rate and distribution uniformity of the powder. For large components, segmented manufacturing and splicing technology is used to ensure the consistency and stability of the overall structure.

[0009] As a further design of this solution, the layered printing module adopts a refined layering strategy during layered printing, and adjusts the thickness and printing path of each layer according to the geometric shape and stress characteristics of the component. For complex curved surfaces or thin-walled structures, adaptive layering technology is used to improve printing accuracy and surface quality. The temperature field and stress field distribution during the printing process are monitored in real time, and the generation and accumulation of thermal stress are controlled by adjusting process parameters or using auxiliary cooling / heating devices to reduce deformation and defects.

[0010] As a further design of this solution, the signal feedback and control system setting module selects highly sensitive and high-precision sensors in this module, such as fiber grating sensors or piezoelectric sensors, to ensure that the slight deformation and force changes of the components can be accurately captured. An advanced signal transmission and processing system is established to achieve fast and stable data transmission and real-time analysis. An intelligent control algorithm is developed to accurately calculate the adjustment required for the locking mechanism based on the preset mechanical performance indicators and actual feedback signals.

[0011] As a further design of this solution, the post-processing and inspection module includes post-processing such as support structure removal, surface polishing, and heat treatment. Develop efficient support removal methods to reduce damage to the component surface. Use advanced polishing technology to improve surface roughness and finish. In terms of inspection, a variety of non-destructive testing technologies, such as X-ray tomography, ultrasonic testing, eddy current testing, etc., are used to comprehensively evaluate the internal defects, microstructures, and mechanical properties of components. Establish strict quality control standards to ensure that each product meets the design requirements.

[0012] The present invention also provides a method for manufacturing a Z-direction continuous enhanced intelligent control structure by additive manufacturing, the method comprising the following steps:

[0013] Step 1: Clarify the usage scenarios, working conditions and mechanical performance indicators of the components. Based on the above requirements, use computer-aided design software to draw a three-dimensional model of the component to determine its overall shape, size and internal structure. Select appropriate sand molds, ceramics or metal materials, and determine the materials of heterogeneous or homogeneous components.

[0014] Step 2: Conceive and determine the specific shape of the locking mechanism, such as dovetail, wedge, etc., and calculate its key dimensions and angles to ensure good self-locking performance. According to mechanical simulation and analysis, plan the rotation angle range of the locking mechanism to ensure that the Z-direction strength can be effectively enhanced. According to the force distribution of the components, reasonably arrange the arrangement of the locking mechanism inside the sand mold.

[0015] Step 3: Debug the additive manufacturing equipment and set the process parameters suitable for the selected material, including laser power, scanning speed, powder layer thickness, etc. Prepare high-quality sand molds, ceramic or metal powder materials to ensure that their particle size and purity meet manufacturing requirements.

[0016] Step 4: According to the designed 3D model, start the additive manufacturing equipment to print layer by layer. Monitor the temperature and molding quality during the printing process to ensure that the layers are tightly combined and there are no obvious defects.

[0017] Step 5: Accurately install optical fiber or other types of sensors inside the printed component. Connect the sensor to the external control device and input the preset control algorithm and rotation instructions.

[0018] Step 6: According to the actual stress of the component and the signal fed back by the sensor, control the locking mechanism to deform or rotate according to the predetermined angle. Evaluate the adjustment effect in real time and optimize the control parameters if necessary.

[0019] Step 7: Perform post-processing operations such as support removal and surface grinding on the printed components. Use X-ray detection, mechanical properties testing and other methods to comprehensively test the internal structure and Z-direction mechanical properties of the components to ensure that they meet the design requirements.

[0020] The core of the present invention is to carefully design a rotatable heterogeneous or homogeneous component with a locking shape inside the sand mold / ceramic / metal component. During manufacturing, the basic model is constructed by printing layer by layer and the locking model is embedded. After printing, the signal feedback mechanism such as optical fiber is used to accurately control the deformation or angle rotation adjustment of the locking mechanism according to the stress condition of the component and the preset algorithm. This invention not only effectively enhances the Z-direction strength, but also can realize real-time intelligent regulation to improve the reliability and adaptability of the component. Through innovative locking shape design, precise planning of the rotation angle space and reasonable arrangement of the locking mechanism inside the sand mold, the enhancement effect can be maximized, providing strong support for the widespread application of powder bed additive manufacturing technology in the field of high-end manufacturing.

[0021] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0022] 1. The Z-direction continuous enhanced intelligent control system and manufacturing method for additive manufacturing proposed in the present invention successfully solve the problem of weak Z-direction mechanical properties of powder bed additive manufacturing.

[0023] 2. Design a rotatable locking component inside the sand mold / ceramic / metal component, and use signal feedback mechanisms such as optical fiber to accurately control its deformation or angular rotation, which significantly enhances the Z-axis strength and improves the stability and reliability of the structure.

[0024] 3. Real-time intelligent control function enables components to adapt to different working conditions and load changes, enhances reliability and adaptability, and ensures safety and stability during use.

[0025] 4. Innovative locking shape design, precise rotation angle planning and reasonable internal locking mechanism arrangement give full play to the reinforcement effect, optimize material use and structural layout, reduce costs and improve component performance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 , the process flow module diagram of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The present invention is further explained below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the following specific embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention and are not used to limit the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that the words "front", "rear", "left", "right", "upper" and "lower" used in the following description refer to directions in the accompanying drawings, and the words "inner" and "outer" refer to directions toward or away from the geometric center of a specific component, respectively.

[0028] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides an additive manufacturing Z-axis continuous enhanced intelligent control system, which mainly includes: a design and planning module, a locking mechanism design module, an additive manufacturing module, a layered printing module, a signal feedback and control system setting module, and a post-processing and detection module.

[0029] The design and planning module is the starting point for the implementation of the entire patented technology. Through the design and planning module, the key parameters and characteristics of the components can be determined, so that the subsequent manufacturing links can be targeted. The specific implementation is as follows:

[0030] 1. Demand research: Understand the ultimate use purpose and working environment requirements of the component, and collect detailed information on the load type (such as static, dynamic, impact, etc.) borne by the component, load size, operating temperature range, humidity conditions, chemical corrosiveness, etc.

[0031] 2. Functional analysis: According to the results of demand research, determine the main and secondary functions that the components need to achieve. Analyze the specific requirements of each function on the structure, materials and performance of the components.

[0032] 3. Material selection: Evaluate the mechanical properties (such as strength, hardness, toughness, fatigue strength, etc.), physical properties (such as density, thermal expansion coefficient, thermal conductivity, etc.) and chemical properties (such as corrosion resistance, oxidation resistance, etc.) of different sand molds, ceramics, and metal materials. Consider the material's machinability, cost, and compatibility with the additive manufacturing process to select the most suitable material or material combination.

[0033] 4. Preliminary structural design: Based on functional requirements and material properties, use computer-aided design software to create a preliminary 3D model of the component. Determine the approximate shape, size and overall layout of the component, including reserving space for installing the locking mechanism.

[0034] 5. Mechanical simulation analysis and optimized design: Use finite element analysis and other methods to perform mechanical simulation on the components of the preliminary design. Analyze the stress distribution, deformation and Z-direction mechanical properties of the components under different load conditions. According to the results of mechanical simulation, optimize the structure of the components, such as adjusting the wall thickness, adding reinforcement ribs, changing the shape, etc. Ensure that the optimized design meets the mechanical performance requirements while minimizing the use of materials and manufacturing difficulty.

[0035] 6. Locking mechanism planning: Determine the type of locking mechanism (such as mechanical locking, magnetic locking, etc.) and installation location. Plan the number, size and shape of the locking mechanism to achieve effective Z-direction reinforcement.

[0036] For example, we need to design a metal bracket for spacecraft. During the demand research phase, we learned that the bracket needs to withstand conditions such as microgravity, temperature changes and vibrations in the space environment. Functional analysis determined that the bracket mainly needs to provide stable support, and the secondary function is to reduce weight as much as possible. When selecting materials, considering the particularity of the space environment, high-strength, lightweight and space radiation-resistant titanium alloy was selected. The preliminary structure designed the general shape of the bracket, and through mechanical simulation analysis, it was found that stress concentration occurred in certain parts, so the design was optimized and reinforcement ribs were added. For the locking mechanism, it is planned to use mechanical locking, which will be installed at the key connection parts of the bracket to enhance the Z-direction stability.

[0037] The locking mechanism design module is one of the important manifestations of innovation in this paper. The unique locking mechanism design is different from the traditional manufacturing method, which brings new ideas and solutions to additive manufacturing technology and largely determines the mechanical properties and reliability of the final manufactured components. The specific implementation is as follows:

[0038] 1. Locking shape design: Study the mechanical principles and material properties, and select shapes with good self-locking ability and load-bearing performance. For example, a special wedge-shaped or tooth-shaped structure is used to increase the contact area and friction to improve the locking effect. Use computer-aided design and simulation software to perform mechanical analysis and optimization on different shapes to determine the optimal geometric parameters, such as angle, bevel length, number of teeth and spacing, etc.

[0039] 2. Rotation angle planning: Based on the force analysis of the components and the simulation of the working scene, determine the rotation angle range required by the locking mechanism under different load conditions. Consider the elastic deformation and plastic deformation characteristics of the material, as well as the movement restrictions of the mechanism, to ensure that the rotation angle is within a feasible and effective range. Through multiple tests and simulation verifications, fine-tune the rotation angle planning to achieve the best reinforcement effect.

[0040] 3. Determine the arrangement method: Use tools such as finite element analysis to determine the stress distribution of components during operation. According to the stress distribution, increase the density of the locking mechanism in high-stress areas to provide stronger Z-direction support; appropriately reduce the arrangement in low-stress areas to reduce costs and reduce weight. Consider the feasibility and convenience of the manufacturing process to ensure that the arrangement method can be successfully implemented in the additive manufacturing process.

[0041] For example, a metal bracket for spacecraft is to be designed. In the design stage of the locking mechanism, considering the requirements of the spacecraft for light weight and high strength, high-strength aluminum alloy materials are selected, and a wedge-like locking shape is designed. After mechanical analysis and simulation, the wedge angle is determined to be 45 degrees and the length of the hypotenuse is 3 mm. Using professional finite element analysis software for simulation, the deformation of the locking mechanism is less than 0.08 mm when subjected to the maximum expected load of 800N, ensuring good self-locking ability and load-bearing performance. Based on the force analysis of the spacecraft during the launch phase and on-orbit operation, the rotation angle range of the locking mechanism is determined to be 0 to 12 degrees. Considering the material properties of aluminum alloy and the movement restrictions of the mechanism, through multiple simulations and experiments, it is verified that under the conditions of a vibration frequency of 40Hz and an acceleration of 4g, the rotation angle of 8 degrees can best enhance the Z-direction strength. With the help of finite element analysis tools, the stress distribution of the spacecraft metal bracket under different working conditions is determined. It is found that the stress is high in the main load-bearing area at the connection with the spacecraft body and in the middle of the bracket. In these high stress areas, the density of the locking mechanisms is increased to 4 per square centimeter, while in low stress areas it is reduced to 1.5 per square centimeter.

[0042] The additive manufacturing module is the key link in transforming the design and planning as well as the locking mechanism design into the actual product, and can work closely with the previous design module. The innovative structure and locking mechanism are perfectly manufactured, so that the complex design can be materialized by accumulating materials layer by layer. The specific implementation is as follows:

[0043] 1. Equipment selection and debugging: According to the size, material and precision requirements of the component, select appropriate additive manufacturing equipment, such as laser selective melting equipment or electron beam melting equipment. Fully debug the equipment, including calibrating the power, spot diameter, scanning speed and other parameters of the laser or electron beam to ensure the stability and consistency of the manufacturing process.

[0044] 2. Process parameter optimization: For the selected material (such as titanium alloy, aluminum alloy, etc.), the best process parameters are determined through experiments and simulations. For example, for titanium alloy, the laser power may be between 200-400W and the scanning speed may be between 500-1000mm / s to obtain good molding quality and performance. The layer thickness setting is optimized, usually between 0.2mm-0.6mm, to balance manufacturing efficiency and precision.

[0045] 3. Powder management: Select high-quality, uniform-sized powder materials, and dry and pre-treat the powder to remove moisture and impurities. During the manufacturing process, accurately control the powder delivery and spreading uniformity to ensure uniform distribution of materials in each layer.

[0046] 4. Manufacturing process monitoring: Install a real-time monitoring system, such as optical monitoring or thermal imaging monitoring, to monitor the temperature distribution, molten pool state and molding conditions in real time during the manufacturing process. Adjust process parameters in a timely manner based on monitoring data to avoid defects such as pores and cracks.

[0047] 5. Post-processing connection: Considering the subsequent post-processing steps (such as heat treatment, surface treatment, etc.), appropriate margins and process interfaces should be reserved during the additive manufacturing process.

[0048] For example, to design a metal bracket for a spacecraft, an SLM device was selected, and the laser power was set to 300W, the scanning speed to 800mm / s, and the layer thickness to 0.3mm. Titanium alloy powder with a particle size of 0.15-0.53mm was used. Through real-time optical monitoring, it was found that the local temperature was too high, and the scanning speed was reduced in time, and the component with an accuracy of ±0.05mm and a porosity of less than 0.5% was successfully manufactured.

[0049] The layered printing module converts the designed components from virtual digital models into physical forms by printing layer by layer. The layer thickness and printing strategy can be adjusted according to the performance requirements of different parts of the component to achieve optimal performance distribution. The specific implementation is as follows:

[0050] 1. Layering strategy formulation: Determine the appropriate layer thickness based on the geometry and complexity of the component. For complex curved surfaces or thin-walled structures, use a thinner layer thickness, such as 0.02-0.05mm; for simpler structural parts, the layer thickness can be appropriately increased to 0.1-0.2mm. Considering the characteristics of the material and the mechanical performance requirements, different layer thicknesses are used for different parts to optimize the molding quality and performance.

[0051] 2. Print path planning: Select the appropriate scanning method, such as unidirectional scanning, round-trip scanning or spiral scanning. For areas that require high precision, use unidirectional scanning to reduce heat accumulation and residual stress. Plan the starting point and direction of the scanning path to avoid repeated scanning in the same area to reduce deformation and defects.

[0052] 3. Temperature and stress control: During the printing process, the temperature distribution of each layer is monitored in real time, and the temperature is controlled by adjusting parameters such as laser power and scanning speed to prevent overheating from causing material performance degradation or deformation. Appropriate cooling strategies, such as forced air cooling or water cooling, are used to reduce temperature gradients and reduce the generation of thermal stress.

[0053] 4. Optimize interlayer bonding: Control the printing time and interval of each layer to ensure that the next layer is printed after the previous layer is fully cooled and solidified, thereby improving the interlayer bonding strength. Use appropriate surface treatment methods, such as laser remelting or chemical treatment, to improve the interlayer bonding quality.

[0054] For example, to design a metal bracket for spacecraft. For the thin-walled connection part of the bracket that needs to withstand high stress, the layer thickness is set to 0.025mm, and a reciprocating scanning method is adopted. During the printing process, the temperature is strictly controlled within the range of 180-220℃ through real-time temperature monitoring and water cooling control. Laser remelting treatment is performed at the interlayer joints to make the surface roughness of this part reach below Ra 1.2, and the interlayer bonding strength is increased by more than 35% compared with before treatment, thereby effectively ensuring the stability and reliability of the metal bracket in the complex environment of space and meeting the high performance requirements of spacecraft.

[0055] The signal feedback and control system setting module can obtain key data such as force and deformation of components in real time during use, and timely understand the working status of components. It provides accurate basis for the deformation or angle rotation adjustment of the locking mechanism, and realizes real-time optimization of the mechanical properties of components.

[0056] The specific implementation is as follows:

[0057] 1. Sensor selection and installation: Select high-precision and high-sensitivity sensors, such as fiber grating sensors, strain gauges or piezoelectric sensors. According to the structure and force characteristics of the components, accurately install sensors at key locations to ensure accurate measurement of force and deformation.

[0058] 2. Signal transmission and acquisition: Establish a stable and high-speed signal transmission channel, such as a wireless transmission or wired transmission system, to transmit the data collected by the sensor to the control system in real time. Use data acquisition equipment and software to accurately collect and pre-process the signal to remove noise and interference.

[0059] 3. Control algorithm design: Develop intelligent control algorithms based on mechanical models and preset performance indicators. For example, algorithms such as fuzzy logic control, PID control or neural network control are used. The control algorithm can calculate the required adjustment amount and adjustment method of the locking mechanism based on the collected signals.

[0060] 4. Actuator drive: Select a suitable actuator, such as an electric motor, hydraulic drive or piezoelectric drive, to drive the deformation or angle rotation of the locking mechanism. The control system accurately drives the actuator to perform corresponding actions based on the output results of the control algorithm.

[0061] For example, if you want to design a metal bracket for a spacecraft, you need to install fiber grating sensors at the key connection points and stress-concentrated parts of the bracket. The sensor signal is transmitted to the central control system via wired transmission, and the signal is analyzed and processed using a fuzzy logic control algorithm. When it is detected that the force exceeds the preset threshold, the control system drives the electric motor to adjust the angle of the locking mechanism, so that the mechanical properties of the bracket are optimized in time to ensure stable operation in the space environment.

[0062] The post-processing and inspection module can further improve the surface quality, mechanical properties and dimensional accuracy of components through post-processing processes, and make up for the defects that may occur during the additive manufacturing process. The inspection results can be fed back to the previous manufacturing links, which helps to optimize the entire manufacturing process and improve the consistency and repeatability of the product. The specific implementation is as follows:

[0063] 1. Post-processing: Removal of support structures: Use mechanical cutting, chemical dissolution or laser cutting to carefully remove the structures used to support the additive manufacturing process while avoiding damage to the components. Surface treatment: Reduce surface roughness and improve surface finish and corrosion resistance through sandblasting, polishing, electrolytic polishing and other means. Heat treatment: According to the performance requirements of materials and components, annealing, quenching, tempering and other heat treatment processes are carried out to improve the microstructure and mechanical properties of the materials.

[0064] 2. Inspection: Nondestructive inspection: Use nondestructive inspection methods such as X-ray inspection, ultrasonic inspection, eddy current inspection, etc. to check whether there are defects such as pores, cracks, and unfused components inside the components. Dimension measurement: Use high-precision measuring equipment such as three-coordinate measuring instruments and laser scanners to accurately measure the size and shape of the components and compare them with the design model to ensure that the dimensional accuracy meets the requirements. Mechanical property testing: Evaluate the mechanical properties of the components, such as strength, toughness, fatigue life, etc. through tensile tests, hardness tests, fatigue tests, etc.

[0065] For example, if you want to design a metal bracket for a spacecraft, after additive manufacturing is completed, fine EDM is used to remove the support structure, followed by sandblasting to improve the surface roughness. Ultrasonic detection is used to detect whether there are defects such as pores and cracks inside the bracket, and a laser tracker is used to measure the dimensional accuracy of the bracket. Finally, static compression tests and vibration fatigue tests are performed to evaluate its mechanical properties.

[0066] The technical means disclosed in the scheme of the present invention are not limited to the technical means disclosed in the above-mentioned implementation mode, but also include technical schemes composed of any combination of the above technical features.

Claims

1. Additive manufacturing Z-direction continuous enhanced intelligent control structure manufacturing system, characterized by: include Design and Planning Module: During the design and planning phase, it is necessary to fully consider the functional requirements, working environment and material properties of the components; Locking mechanism design module: Through in-depth mechanical analysis and simulation, we developed shapes with efficient self-locking ability and mechanical transmission performance; Additive Manufacturing Module: During the additive manufacturing process, the process parameters of the equipment are optimized according to the characteristics of the selected material and the precision requirements of the component; Layered printing module: When printing in layers, a refined layering strategy is adopted to adjust the thickness and printing path of each layer according to the geometric shape and stress characteristics of the component; Signal feedback and control system setting module: Select sensors and establish advanced signal transmission and processing systems to accurately calculate the required adjustment of the locking mechanism based on the preset mechanical performance indicators and actual feedback signals; Post-processing and testing module: Post-process the components and comprehensively apply a variety of non-destructive testing technologies; conduct a comprehensive assessment of the internal defects, microstructure and mechanical properties of the components; establish strict quality control standards to ensure that each product meets the design requirements.

2. A method for manufacturing a Z-direction continuously enhanced intelligent control structure by additive manufacturing, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: Step 1: Clarify the usage scenarios, working conditions and mechanical performance indicators of the components; based on the above requirements, use computer-aided design software to draw a three-dimensional model of the component, determine its overall shape, size and internal structure; select appropriate sand molds, ceramics or metal materials, and determine the materials of heterogeneous or homogeneous components; Step 2: Conceive and determine the specific shape of the locking mechanism, calculate its key dimensions and angles to ensure good self-locking performance; plan the rotation angle range of the locking mechanism based on mechanical simulation and analysis to ensure that the Z-direction strength can be effectively enhanced; reasonably arrange the arrangement of the locking mechanism inside the sand mold according to the force distribution of the components; Step 3: Debug the additive manufacturing equipment and set the process parameters suitable for the selected material; prepare the sand mold, ceramic or metal powder material to ensure that it meets the manufacturing requirements; Step 4: According to the designed 3D model, start the additive manufacturing equipment to print layer by layer; monitor the temperature and molding quality during the printing process to ensure that the layers are tightly combined and there are no obvious defects; Step 5: Accurately install optical fiber or other types of sensors inside the printed component; connect the sensor to the external control device, and input the preset control algorithm and rotation instructions; Step 6: According to the actual stress of the component and the signal fed back by the sensor, the locking mechanism is controlled to deform or rotate according to a predetermined angle; the adjustment effect is evaluated in real time, and the control parameters are optimized if necessary; Step 7: Remove support and perform surface polishing on the printed components; use X-ray inspection and mechanical properties testing to comprehensively inspect the internal structure and Z-direction mechanical properties of the components to ensure that they meet the design requirements.

3. The manufacturing method of the additive manufacturing Z-direction continuous enhanced intelligent control structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The specific implementation of step 2 is as follows: Step 21, locking shape design: study the mechanical principles and material properties, and select a shape with good self-locking ability and load-bearing performance; Step 22, rotation angle planning: based on the force analysis of the components and the simulation of the working scene, determine the rotation angle range required by the locking mechanism under different load conditions; Step 23. Determine the arrangement: Use finite element analysis tools to determine the stress distribution of components during operation; based on the stress distribution, increase the density of the locking mechanism in high-stress areas to provide stronger Z-direction support; reduce the arrangement in low-stress areas to reduce costs and reduce weight.

4. The manufacturing method of the additive manufacturing Z-direction continuous enhanced intelligent control structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The specific implementation of step 3 is as follows: Step 31, equipment selection and debugging: Select appropriate additive manufacturing equipment according to the size, material and precision requirements of the component to ensure the stability and consistency of the manufacturing process; Step 32, process parameter optimization: determine the optimal process parameters through experiments and simulations; Step 33, powder management: drying and pretreatment of the powder; Step 34, manufacturing process monitoring: install a real-time monitoring system to monitor the temperature distribution, molten pool state and molding conditions in real time during the manufacturing process; Step 35: Post-processing connection: Considering the subsequent post-processing steps, reserve appropriate margins and process interfaces during the additive manufacturing process.

5. The manufacturing method of the additive manufacturing Z-direction continuous enhanced intelligent control structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The step 4 converts the designed component from a virtual digital model into a physical form by printing layer by layer; the specific implementation is as follows: Step 41, layering strategy formulation: determine the appropriate layer thickness based on the geometry and complexity of the component; Step 42, print path planning: select the appropriate scanning mode, one-way scanning, round-trip scanning or spiral scanning; Step 43, temperature and stress control: During the printing process, the temperature distribution of each layer is monitored in real time, and the temperature is controlled by adjusting the laser power and scanning speed parameters; Step 44, interlayer bonding optimization: Control the printing time and interval of each layer to ensure that the next layer is printed after the previous layer is fully cooled and solidified, thereby improving the interlayer bonding strength.

6. The manufacturing method of the additive manufacturing Z-direction continuous enhanced intelligent control structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The step 5 can obtain the key data of stress and deformation of the component in real time during use, and timely understand the working status of the component; provide an accurate basis for the deformation or angle rotation adjustment of the locking mechanism, and realize the real-time optimization of the mechanical properties of the component; the specific implementation is as follows: Step 51, sensor selection and installation: select high-precision, high-sensitivity sensors to enable them to accurately measure force and deformation; Step 52, signal transmission and acquisition: transmitting the data collected by the sensor to the control system in real time; Step 53, control algorithm design: based on the mechanical model and preset performance indicators, develop intelligent control algorithms, such as fuzzy logic control, PID control or neural network control algorithms; Step 54, actuator driving: Select a suitable actuator to drive the deformation or angular rotation of the locking mechanism.

7. The manufacturing method of the additive manufacturing Z-direction continuous enhanced intelligent control structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The step 6 is specifically implemented as follows: Step 61, post-processing: removing support structures; Step 62, Inspection: Non-destructive testing, accurately measuring the size and shape of the component, comparing it with the design model, to ensure that the dimensional accuracy meets the requirements; Mechanical properties testing, to evaluate the mechanical properties of components.

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