Silicon carbide ceramic-based composite preform and weaving method
Through the method of plain weaving and 2.5D shallow cross-bend weaving, single-strand fiber bundles and multi-strand fiber bundles are used to interlaced weaving, the problem of too large or too small prefabricated gaps in the prior art is solved, and large-scale production of high strength, density and adaptability is achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510090524.2
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-01-21
- Publication Date
- 2025-05-02
AI Technical Summary
The existing weaving method of silicon carbide ceramic-based fiber composite materials is too large or too small after braiding, making it difficult to ensure the strength and density of the prefabricated body, affecting the feasibility of subsequent CVI processes.
The method of plain weaving and 2.5D shallow cross-bend weaving is used to stagger the weaving of single-strand fiber bundles and multi-strand fiber bundles to ensure the uniform arrangement of each layer and the angle is fixed, forming an interlaced structure to improve the stiffness and density of the prefabricated body, while retaining a certain pore gap for subsequent gas deposition of the CVI process.
The braided prefabricated body structure has strong stiffness and hardness, and is dense and uniform inside, ensuring the strength and airtightness of the prefabricated body, adapting to the needs of large-scale production, and meeting the preparation of different shapes and structures.
Smart Images
Figure CN119913655A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of silicon carbide ceramic composite production, and in particular to a silicon carbide ceramic-based composite preform and a weaving method. Background Art
[0002] SiC / SiC composite materials are made of silicon carbide matrix and are mainly used in the hot end components of aircraft engines and can be used at ultra-high temperatures. Ceramic-based composite preforms are preforms formed by textile technology using single-filament synthetic fiber bundles such as carbon fiber and silicon carbide fiber. Ceramic-based composite materials reinforced with fiber weaving have excellent characteristics such as high specific strength, high specific modulus, high reliability, and strong high temperature resistance. Common woven fiber forms are 2D plain weave and 3D weaving. In practical applications, the fibers (bundles) need to be woven into various preforms. In addition to meeting the requirements of geometric shape, the woven structure must also simplify the weaving method, reduce costs, and improve structural strength and thermal conductivity.
[0003] However, the existing weaving methods of silicon carbide ceramic-based fiber composites either have too large gaps after weaving, making it difficult to ensure the strength of the preform after weaving, or too small gaps, making it difficult for the precursor gas to enter, making it difficult to ensure that sufficient gas can be deposited in the subsequent CVI process, which in turn leads to insufficient density of the preform.
[0004] Based on this, the inventor has designed a silicon carbide ceramic-based composite preform and a weaving method to solve the above-mentioned problems, and therefore proposed the present application. Summary of the invention
[0005] The purpose of this application is to provide a silicon carbide ceramic-based composite preform and a weaving method to solve the problems of the prior art.
[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following solutions:
[0007] On the one hand, the present application provides a method for weaving a silicon carbide ceramic-based composite preform, comprising the following steps:
[0008] S1, using a plurality of single fiber bundles as warp fiber bundles and weft fiber bundles respectively to perform plain weaving at 0° in the warp direction and 90° in the weft direction to obtain a plain weave fabric;
[0009] S2. Obtain a plurality of plain weave bodies, and use a single fiber bundle or / and a plurality of fiber bundles to weave between the plurality of plain weave body layers using a 2.5D shallow cross-bend weaving method to obtain a preform.
[0010] Optionally, before S1, a preprocessing step is also included as follows:
[0011] S01: twisting a plurality of fiber monofilaments into a single fiber bundle;
[0012] S02: The single fiber bundle is sizing, and the sizing rate is between 1% and 2%.
[0013] Optionally, the single fiber bundle is formed by twisting 400 to 600 fiber filaments.
[0014] Optionally, in S2, a single fiber bundle and multiple fiber bundles are alternately woven between plain weave layers in a 2.5D shallow cross-linking weaving method.
[0015] Optionally, when performing 2.5D shallow cross-bend weaving, the alternately woven single-strand fiber bundles and multiple-strand fiber bundles are woven between two layers of plain weave or three layers of plain weave.
[0016] Optionally, a 2.5D shallow cross-linked weaving method is used to weave multiple fiber bundles between two or three layers of plain weave bodies close to the upper and lower surfaces.
[0017] Optionally, the multiple fiber bundles are formed by twisting multiple single fiber bundles.
[0018] Optionally, the multiple fiber bundles are double fiber bundles.
[0019] On the other hand, the present application provides a silicon carbide ceramic-based composite preform, wherein the preform is woven by any of the above-mentioned methods for weaving a silicon carbide ceramic-based composite preform;
[0020] The preform includes a multi-layer plain weave body and a plurality of single-strand or multi-strand fiber bundles used to weave and connect the multi-layer plain weave body into a preform. The plurality of single-strand or multi-strand fiber bundles are inserted between the multi-layer plain weave bodies by a 2.5D shallow cross bend weaving method.
[0021] Optionally, the plain weave body includes a plurality of parallel weft fiber bundles and a plurality of warp fiber bundles arranged perpendicular to the weft fiber bundles, and the warp fiber bundles connect the plurality of parallel weft fiber bundles into one by means of a shallow cross-bend weaving method.
[0022] Beneficial effects of the present invention:
[0023] 1. The weaving method of the present application can achieve the effect of uniform arrangement of each layer and fixed angle. The preform structure after weaving is staggered in the internal space, so that the preform can present strong rigidity and hardness. In addition, the present application adopts staggered weaving of single-strand fiber bundles and double-strand fiber bundles, which can not only make the interior of the preform dense and uniform, ensure the strength of the preform after weaving, but also retain a certain amount of pores and gaps to ensure that the subsequent CVI process can deposit sufficient gas and improve the density of the fiber bundle surface, thereby solving the problems of the prior art.
[0024] 2. The present application can improve the internal density of the preform by fixing the staggered weaving of two fiber bundles. The woven 2.5D preform is interwoven layer by layer in a corner interlocking manner, which can enhance the interlayer bonding and achieve a high interlayer bonding strength. The process is simple and easy to implement in industrial production.
[0025] 3. The weaving method of the present application can meet the needs of mass production and the preparation of preforms of different shapes. This method can prepare preforms of various structures and can prepare components with higher strength and density. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the process flow of Example 1 of the present application.
[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the plain weave body in Example 2 of the present application.
[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the preform in Example 2 of the present application.
[0029] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the preform in Example 3 of the present application.
[0030] Description of reference numerals:
[0031] 1-warp fiber bundle, 2-weft fiber bundle, 3-2.5D double-strand fiber bundle, 4-2.5D single-strand fiber bundle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0032] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments and drawings, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
[0033] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "up", "down", "left", "right", "vertical", "longitudinal", "lateral", "horizontal", "inside", "outside", "front", "back", "top", "bottom" and the like indicate directions or positional relationships based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or are the directions or positional relationships in which the inventive product is usually placed when used. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.
[0034] In the description of the present invention, it is also necessary to explain that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "disposed", "opened", "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.
[0035] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with embodiments.
[0036] Embodiment 1:
[0037] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a method for weaving a silicon carbide ceramic-based composite preform, comprising the following steps:
[0038] S1, using a plurality of single fiber bundles as warp fiber bundle 1 and weft fiber bundle 2 respectively to perform plain weaving at 0° in the warp direction and 90° in the weft direction to obtain a plain weave fabric;
[0039] S2. Obtain a plurality of plain weave bodies, and use a single fiber bundle or / and a plurality of fiber bundles to weave between the plurality of plain weave body layers using a 2.5D shallow cross-bend weaving method to obtain a preform.
[0040] The weaving method of this embodiment can achieve the effect of uniform arrangement of each layer and fixed angle. The preform structure after weaving is staggered in the internal space, so that the preform can present strong rigidity and hardness. In addition, the present application adopts staggered weaving of single-strand fiber bundles and double-strand fiber bundles, which can not only make the interior of the preform dense and uniform, ensure the strength of the preform after weaving, but also retain a certain amount of pore gaps to ensure that sufficient gas can be deposited in the subsequent CVI process, and improve the density of the fiber bundle surface, thereby solving the problems of the prior art.
[0041] The core concept of this embodiment is to first obtain a plain weave body, and then use 2.5D shallow cross bend weaving to weave the multi-layer plain weave body into a preform. At the same time, when performing 2.5D shallow cross bend weaving, single fiber bundles and multiple fiber bundles are woven alternately, thereby ensuring that in the entire preform, due to the weaving of multiple fiber bundles, there are pores with subsequent gas phase deposition, so that the gas can be fully deposited from the pores to the surface of the preform, and deposited as much as possible into the internal area of the preform, thereby improving the density of the entire preform; at the same time, the plain weave body and the single fiber bundle used in the 2.5D shallow cross bend weaving can ensure the strength of the entire preform. Therefore, this embodiment not only ensures the strength of the woven preform, but also ensures the density of the surface and interior of the preform through the above-mentioned weaving method. Compared with the existing weaving method, the overall performance of the woven preform is improved.
[0042] Specifically, in this embodiment, before S1, the following preprocessing steps are also included:
[0043] S01: twisting a plurality of fiber monofilaments into a single fiber bundle;
[0044] S02: The single fiber bundle is subjected to sizing treatment, and the sizing rate is between 1% and 2%. Sizing and twisting a plurality of fiber monofilaments into a single fiber bundle are conventional steps and operations, which will not be described in detail here.
[0045] Specifically, in this embodiment, the single fiber bundle is formed by twisting 500 fiber monofilaments. The technician can select other numbers of fiber monofilaments to twist into a single fiber bundle as needed, such as 400, 600, 700, etc., which will not be repeated here.
[0046] Specifically, in this embodiment, in S2, single fiber bundles and multiple fiber bundles are alternately woven between the layers of the plain weave body in a 2.5D shallow cross-bend weaving method. The multiple fiber bundles in this embodiment are all double-strand fiber bundles. The technicians can also set the multiple fiber bundles to three-strand fiber bundles as needed, which will not be detailed here.
[0047] In the present embodiment, the single-strand fiber bundle and the double-strand fiber bundle are alternately woven using a 2.5D shallow-cross bend weaving method. After the preform is woven, its stiffness and strength can be guaranteed, and certain gaps and pores can be retained, so that sufficient gas can be deposited in the subsequent CVI process steps to ensure airtightness. In addition, 2.5D shallow-cross bends are used for alternating weaving, and the woven 2.5D preform is interwoven layer by layer in an angle interlocking manner, which can enhance the bonding between layers and achieve a higher bonding strength between layers.
[0048] Specifically, in this embodiment, if Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, when performing 2.5D shallow cross bend weaving, the alternately woven single fiber bundles and multiple fiber bundles are woven between two layers of plain weave.
[0049] Specifically, in this embodiment, if Figure 3 As shown, a 2.5D shallow cross-linking weaving method is used to weave multiple fiber bundles between two or three layers of plain weaves near the upper and lower surfaces, ensuring that as much gas as possible can be deposited in the subsequent CVI process to improve the density of the upper and lower surfaces of the preform.
[0050] Specifically, in this embodiment, the multiple fiber bundles are formed by twisting multiple single fiber bundles.
[0051] Embodiment 2:
[0052] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, this embodiment provides a silicon carbide ceramic-based composite preform, and the preform is woven by any of the above-mentioned silicon carbide ceramic-based composite preform weaving methods;
[0053] The preform includes a multi-layer plain weave body, and a plurality of single fiber bundles or multi-fiber bundles used to weave and connect the multi-layer plain weave body into a preform, and the plurality of single fiber bundles or multi-fiber bundles are inserted between the multi-layer plain weave bodies by a 2.5D shallow cross bend weaving method.
[0054] Before 2.5D shallow cross bend weaving, the multi-layer plain weave is as follows Figure 2 As shown, each layer of plain weave is independent of each other, and it is necessary to use a 2.5D shallow cross-bend weaving method to weave the multiple layers of plain weave into one. The preform structure after weaving is as follows Figure 3 shown.
[0055] Specifically, in this embodiment, the plain weave body includes a plurality of parallel weft fiber bundles 2, and a plurality of warp fiber bundles 1 arranged perpendicular to the weft fiber bundles 2. The warp fiber bundles 1 connect the plurality of parallel weft fiber bundles 2 into one in a sinusoidal shape by using a shallow cross-weaving method.
[0056] In this embodiment, the two layers of plain weave near the upper surface of the preform and the two layers of plain weave near the lower surface are woven by multiple fiber bundles to ensure that the areas near the upper and lower surfaces of the preform can be fully deposited in the subsequent CVI process, thereby improving the density of the preform surface.
[0057] Embodiment 3:
[0058] like Figure 4As shown, based on the above-mentioned embodiment 2, in this embodiment, when performing 2.5D shallow cross bend weaving, the alternately woven single fiber bundles and multiple fiber bundles are woven between the three layers of plain weave.
[0059] In this embodiment, the three layers of plain weave bodies close to the upper surface of the preform and the three layers of plain weave bodies on the lower surface are woven by multiple fiber bundles.
[0060] The rest of the structure of this embodiment is the same as that of the above-mentioned embodiment 2 and will not be described again here.
[0061] It is to be understood that the above embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments used to illustrate the principles of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited thereto. For those skilled in the art, various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the spirit and essence of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements are also considered to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims
1. A method for weaving a silicon carbide ceramic-based composite preform, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, using a plurality of single fiber bundles as warp fiber bundles (1) and weft fiber bundles (2) respectively to perform plain weaving at 0° in the warp direction and 90° in the weft direction to obtain a plain weave fabric; S2. Obtain a plurality of plain weave bodies, and use a single fiber bundle or / and a plurality of fiber bundles to weave between the plurality of plain weave body layers using a 2.5D shallow cross-bend weaving method to obtain a preform.
2. A method for weaving a silicon carbide ceramic-based composite preform according to claim 1, characterized in that: Before S1, the preprocessing steps are also included as follows: S01: twisting a plurality of fiber monofilaments into a single fiber bundle; S02: The single fiber bundle is sizing treated, and the sizing rate is between 1% and 2%.
3. A method for weaving a silicon carbide ceramic-based composite preform according to claim 2, characterized in that: The single-strand fiber bundle is formed by twisting 400 to 600 fiber monofilaments.
4. A method for weaving a silicon carbide ceramic-based composite preform according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S2, a single fiber bundle and multiple fiber bundles are alternately woven between layers of a plain weave body in a 2.5D shallow cross-linking weaving method.
5. A method for weaving a silicon carbide ceramic-based composite preform according to claim 4, characterized in that: When performing 2.5D shallow cross-bend weaving, the alternately woven single-strand fiber bundles and multiple-strand fiber bundles are woven between two layers of plain weave or three layers of plain weave.
6. A method for weaving a silicon carbide ceramic-based composite preform according to claim 4, characterized in that: A 2.5D shallow cross-linked weaving method is used to weave multiple fiber bundles between two or three layers of plain weave bodies close to the upper and lower surfaces.
7. A method for weaving a silicon carbide ceramic-based composite preform according to claim 4, characterized in that: The multiple fiber bundles are formed by twisting multiple single fiber bundles.
8. A method for weaving a silicon carbide ceramic-based composite preform according to claim 4, characterized in that: The multiple fiber bundles are double fiber bundles.
9. A silicon carbide ceramic-based composite preform, characterized in that: The preform is woven by a silicon carbide ceramic-based composite preform weaving method according to any one of claims 1 to 8; The preform includes a multi-layer plain weave body and a plurality of single-strand or multi-strand fiber bundles used to weave and connect the multi-layer plain weave body into a preform. The plurality of single-strand or multi-strand fiber bundles are inserted between the multi-layer plain weave bodies by a 2.5D shallow cross bend weaving method.
10. The silicon carbide ceramic-based composite preform according to claim 9, characterized in that: The plain weave body comprises a plurality of parallel weft fiber bundles (2) and a plurality of warp fiber bundles (1) arranged perpendicular to the weft fiber bundles (2); the warp fiber bundles (1) connect the plurality of parallel weft fiber bundles (2) into one body by means of a shallow cross-bend weaving method.