A shield machine cutterhead structure

Abstract

The present invention discloses a cutter head structure of a shield machine, which relates to the technical field of cutter heads of shield machines and includes an annular frame and a cutter holder. A plurality of rotary cutters are equidistantly distributed on the cutter holder. The invention also includes a rotary detection control switch mechanism and a stuck cutter processing mechanism; multiple groups of the rotary detection control switch mechanism are provided and are correspondingly and cooperatively connected with the rotary cutters. Each group of the rotary detection control switch mechanism includes a sensor for detecting whether the rotary cutter is stationary; the stuck cutter processing mechanism includes a driving mechanism and an impact crushing mechanism. When the rotary cutter on the cutter head of the shield machine of the present invention is stuck due to rock and soil, the sensor generates an induction feedback, and then controls the operation of the hydraulic telescopic rod. Depending on the hydraulic telescopic rod, the correspondingly arranged impact rod is driven to crush the rock and soil that may be stuck in the gap between the rotary cutter and the corresponding through hole position, so as to realize the automatic detection of the stuck state and the crushing and cleaning of the rock and soil that may exist at the corresponding position.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of shield machine cutter heads, and particularly relates to a shield machine cutter head structure. Background Art

[0002] A shield machine, also known as a shield tunneling machine, is a special construction machinery for tunneling using the shield method. A cutting system is provided at the front end of its advance, and the cutting system includes a cutter and a tunneling shield. The cutter is responsible for cutting underground rocks and soil, and the tunneling shield plays a role in supporting and protecting the cutting head.

[0003] Existing shield machine cutters are mainly of a disc structure and can rotate during tunneling. There are multiple groups of fixedly arranged cutting blades circumferentially distributed on the disc cutter, and hob cutters that can rotate driven by the friction force between the cutter and the rock and soil during the rotation of the cutter. The cutting blades and hob cutters cooperate to break the rock and soil.

[0004] The deficiencies of existing shield machine cutters are as follows: Although the hob cutters set in existing shield machine cutters do not require additional power to drive rotation and can be driven to rotate by the generated friction force during the rotation of the disc cutter to break the rock and soil, generally there are many mounting openings distributed on the tool holder where the hob cutters are installed. The mounting openings are connected to the inside of the shield machine, which is convenient for directly disassembling the hob cutters inside the shield machine when the hob cutters need to be replaced during the operation, and the mounting openings also facilitate the cutting edges of the hob cutters to be exposed. However, due to the installation requirements, there must be a certain gap between the hob cutters and the mounting openings. During tunneling, some rock and soil are likely to enter these gaps, resulting in the hob cutters getting stuck. Once the hob cutters are stuck, they cannot rotate relative to the cutter head itself under the action of the friction force and can only rotate along with the cutter head and directly rub against the rock and soil layer, thus being easily over-worn and shortening the service life. Moreover, the existing cutter head cannot effectively detect and feedback the situation of the hob cutters getting stuck in time and perform auxiliary processing, resulting in poor use effects. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a shield machine cutter head structure to solve the technical problem that once the hob cutters on the shield machine cutter head get stuck in the prior art, it is not convenient to detect and feedback and process, which easily leads to over-wear of the hob cutters and shortens the service life.

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] A shield machine cutter head structure includes an annular frame and a tool holder. There are multiple tool holders, which are circumferentially and fixedly distributed on the inner circle of the annular frame. Multiple rotary hob cutters are equidistantly distributed on each tool holder. The structure further includes:

[0008] Rotary detection control switch mechanism; multiple groups of the rotary detection control switch mechanism are provided and are correspondingly and cooperatively connected with the rotary hob. Each group of the rotary detection control switch mechanism includes a sensor for detecting whether the rotary hob is stationary.

[0009] Chip jamming processing mechanism. The chip jamming processing mechanism includes a driving mechanism and an impact crushing mechanism. The driving mechanism is electrically connected with the sensor. The impact crushing mechanism is cooperatively arranged between the tool holder and the rotary hob. The driving mechanism is used for driving the impact crushing mechanism to reciprocate, and the impact crushing mechanism performs crushing processing on the stones jammed between the tool holder and the rotary hob.

[0010] As a further scheme of the present invention: a plurality of tool grooves are equidistantly formed on the back surface of the tool holder. The rotary hob is correspondingly arranged in the tool grooves. A plurality of through openings corresponding to and communicating with the tool grooves are equidistantly formed on the front surface of the tool holder. And the cutting edges of the rotary hob pass through the through openings. Knife shafts are coaxially and fixedly connected to both sides of each rotary hob. Annular grooves are arranged on the inner walls of both sides of each tool groove. And the knife shafts are correspondingly rotatably connected in the annular grooves. A rotary detection control switch mechanism matched with the knife shaft is arranged in each annular groove.

[0011] As a further scheme of the present invention: each group of the rotary detection control switch mechanism further includes a pressing cross bar and a spring back plate. The pressing cross bar is fixedly connected to the knife shaft. Two spring back plates and two sensors are provided. The two spring back plates are distributed on both sides of the knife shaft. And both are connected with a spring back damping hinge between the inner bottom surface of the annular groove. The two sensors are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the knife shaft. And the sensors are fixedly connected with the inner wall of the annular groove. Each sensor is a pressure sensing switch. And the sensing end of the sensor is correspondingly matched with the spring back plate.

[0012] As a further scheme of the present invention: mounting grooves are arranged on both the upper and lower sides corresponding to each rotary hob. A set of driving mechanisms are installed inside each tool groove. The driving mechanism includes a hydraulic telescopic rod and a lifting push plate. The hydraulic telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the inner side of the mounting groove. The hydraulic telescopic rod is electrically connected with the corresponding sensor. Communication ports corresponding to and communicating with the mounting grooves are formed on both the upper and lower sides of each through opening. A connecting member is connected between one end of the lifting push plate and the telescopic end of the corresponding hydraulic telescopic rod. The other end penetrates through the communication port. The impact crushing mechanism is arranged on the lifting push plate.

[0013] As a further scheme of the present invention: the impact crushing mechanism includes impact rods. A plurality of impact rods are provided and are horizontally and equidistantly distributed inside the lifting push plate. Each impact rod is rotatably connected to the lifting push plate. An auxiliary cleaning member is arranged at a position close to the bottom of each impact rod.

[0014] As a further solution of the present invention: a conical head is fixedly connected to one end of each impact rod close to the rotary hob.

[0015] As a further solution of the present invention: the connecting member includes a cross plate, a ball screw and a screw sleeve. The cross plate is fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the hydraulic telescopic rod. A support spring is connected between the cross plate and the lifting push plate. A plurality of ball screws are provided and are correspondingly coaxially fixedly connected to the top of the impact rod. A plurality of screw sleeves are provided and are correspondingly connected to the ball screws in a matching manner, and each screw sleeve is also fixedly connected to the cross plate. A limiting plate is fixedly connected to one side of the lifting push plate close to the bottom.

[0016] As a further solution of the present invention: each of the ball screws and the corresponding impact rod is a hollow structure body and the two are in communication with each other. The auxiliary cleaning member includes a limiting wire and a rotary expansion mechanism; a plurality of limiting wires are provided, one end of each limiting wire is fixedly connected to one side of the installation groove away from the corresponding rotary hob, and the other end correspondingly passes through the ball screw and penetrates into the impact rod. A set of the rotary expansion mechanisms is provided at one end of each impact rod close to the rotary hob, and the rotary expansion mechanism is in cooperation with the other end of the corresponding limiting wire.

[0017] As a further solution of the present invention: the rotary expansion mechanism includes a rotating plate, an installation opening and a linkage rod. Installation openings are formed on both sides of one end of each impact rod close to the rotary hob. Two rotating plates are provided and are respectively arranged in the installation openings in a matching manner. One side of each rotating plate away from the rotary hob is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the installation opening. One side of each rotating plate close to the inside of the impact rod is movably connected to a linkage rod through a return hinge. The two linkage rods on both sides are movably connected to a linkage block through a return hinge. An active connecting member is arranged on the linkage block, and the linkage block is in cooperation with the limiting wire through the active connecting member.

[0018] As a further solution of the present invention: the active connecting member includes a spherical shell and a universal ball. The spherical shell is fixedly connected to the linkage block. The universal ball is movably fitted in the spherical shell. The universal ball is fixedly connected to the end of the limiting wire.

[0019] The beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0020] 1. During the rotation of the rotary hob distributed on the cutter head of the shield machine of the present invention, the extrusion cross bar provided on the cutter shaft to which it is connected continuously squeezes the provided spring back plate, resulting in the spring back plate being unable to fully reset during the rotation of the rotary hob. When the rotary hob is stuck due to rock and soil, the extrusion cross bar can no longer act on the spring back plate. At this time, the spring back plate resets, which can act on the inductor, generating an induction feedback. Then, the hydraulic telescopic rod is controlled to operate, and the corresponding impact rod driven by the hydraulic telescopic rod is used to crush the rock and soil that may be stuck in the gap between the rotary hob and the corresponding through hole, realizing the automatic detection of the stuck state and the crushing and cleaning of the possible rock and soil at the corresponding position, facilitating the release of the stuck state and avoiding the long-term direct wear of the stuck rotary hob and shortening its service life.

[0021] 2. The telescopic end of the hydraulic telescopic rod of the present invention drives the distributed impact rods to impact the rock and soil stuck between the rotary hob and the corresponding through hole position by means of the lifting push plate. After the impact, the impact rods stay at the corresponding positions. At this time, the hydraulic telescopic rod still maintains a moving state, driving the connected cross plate to compress the provided support spring, thereby driving the distributed screw rod sleeves to move relative to the ball screw. Since the ball screw is coaxially connected to the impact rod, the ball screw drives the impact rod to rotate, so that the impact rod can rotate while impacting the stuck rock and soil, improving the crushing effect.

[0022] 3. During the process of the impact rod impacting into the gap between the rotary hob and the corresponding through hole position, the provided limit wire is straightened. And when the end of the impact rod emerges from the provided communication port, due to the existence of the straightened limit wire, it is convenient to pull the linkage block arranged inside the end of the impact rod to move relatively. The linkage block then spreads the rotary plate stored in the installation port through the linkage rods on both sides, causing the rotary plate to expand on both sides of the impact rod. Since the impact rod itself rotates, the expanded rotary plate rotates accordingly, facilitating the scraping of the crushed rock and soil in the gap, further realizing the cleaning of the stuck rock and soil, and facilitating the rapid restoration of the use of the rotary hob. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0024] Figure 1 is the overall structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 is the structural schematic diagram of the back of the tool rest in the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 is the structural schematic diagram of the relative position distribution of the rotary hob and the installation groove in the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 is the cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the cooperation and connection between the rotary hob and the tool rest in the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 is Figure 4 The enlarged structural schematic diagram of position A in

[0029] Figure 6 is the structural schematic diagram of the relative position distribution of the extrusion cross bar, the inductor and the spring back plate in the present invention;

[0030] Figure 7 is the structural schematic diagram of the cooperative connection between the hydraulic telescopic rod and the lifting push plate in the present invention;

[0031] Figure 8 is the structural schematic diagram of the cooperative connection between the impact rod and the lifting push plate in the present invention;

[0032] Figure 9 is Figure 8 The enlarged structural schematic diagram of position B in

[0033] Figure 10 is the state schematic diagram of the impact rod driven by the hydraulic telescopic rod to impact between the piercing opening and the rotary hob in the present invention;

[0034] Figure 11 is Figure 10 The enlarged structural schematic diagram of position C in

[0035] In the figure: 1, annular frame; 2, tool rest; 3, cutting tool; 4, rotary hob; 5, piercing opening; 6, coolant injection assembly; 7, main drill bit; 8, installation groove; 9, tool groove; 10, hydraulic telescopic rod; 11, lifting push plate; 12, conical head; 13, cross plate; 14, support spring; 15, limit plate; 16, communication port; 17, annular groove; 18, tool shaft; 19, spring back plate; 20, inductor; 21, extrusion cross bar; 22, spring back damping hinge; 23, limit wire; 24, ball screw; 25, screw sleeve; 26, impact rod; 27, installation port; 28, rotating plate; 29, linkage rod; 30, linkage block; 31, spherical shell; 32, universal ball. Detailed implementation manners

[0036] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0037] Such as Figures 1-11As shown, a cutter head structure of a shield machine includes an annular frame 1 and a cutter holder 2. The annular frame 1 is used to be installed at the advancing end of the shield machine. A main drill bit 7 is fixedly arranged at the middle position of the annular frame 1 to facilitate the shield machine to dig forward. And a connecting rotating shaft for connecting the main bearing of the shield machine is arranged on the back of the main drill bit 7. There are multiple cutter holders 2, and they are circumferentially and fixedly distributed within the inner circle of the annular frame 1. A mud discharge port is arranged between two adjacent cutter holders 2 to facilitate the mud and stones during the excavation process to pass through and enter the interior of the shield machine, and then be transported and discharged. And a coolant spraying assembly 6 is also arranged between two adjacent cutter holders 2. The coolant spraying assembly 6 is used to cool the rotating cutter head during excavation. A plurality of cutting tools 3 are evenly distributed on both sides of each cutter holder 2 at equal intervals, and a plurality of rotating hob cutters 4 are also evenly distributed on each cutter holder 2 at equal intervals. The rotating hob cutters 4 rotate by the action of friction during the rotation and tunneling of the cutter head to realize the cutting and crushing of rock and soil. This cutter head mechanism also includes a rotation detection and control switch mechanism and a stuck cutter handling mechanism. There are multiple groups of rotation detection and control switch mechanisms, and they are correspondingly and cooperatively connected with the rotating hob cutters 4. Each group of rotation detection and control switch mechanisms includes a sensor 20 for detecting whether the rotating hob cutter 4 is stationary. If it is detected that the rotating hob cutter 4 cannot rotate relative to the cutter holder 2 during the use of the cutter head, it means that the rotating hob cutter 4 is stuck.

[0038] The stuck cutter handling mechanism includes a driving mechanism and an impact crushing mechanism. The driving mechanism is electrically connected to the sensor 20. The impact crushing mechanism is cooperatively arranged between the cutter holder 2 and the rotating hob cutter 4. The driving mechanism is used to drive the impact crushing mechanism to reciprocate, and the impact crushing mechanism crushes the stones stuck between the cutter holder 2 and the rotating hob cutter 4 to relieve the stuck cutter situation.

[0039] In some specific implementation schemes, referring to Figures 4-6 As shown, a plurality of cutter grooves 9 are equidistantly opened on the back of the cutter holder 2. The rotating hob cutters 4 are correspondingly arranged in the cutter grooves 9. A plurality of through openings 5 corresponding to and communicating with the cutter grooves 9 are equidistantly opened on the front of the cutter holder 2, and the cutting edges of the rotating hob cutters 4 pass through the through openings 5 to facilitate the cutting and crushing operation. On both sides of each rotating hob cutter 4, a cutter shaft 18 is coaxially and fixedly connected. On the inner walls of both sides of each cutter groove 9, an annular groove 17 is arranged, and the cutter shaft 18 is correspondingly rotatably connected in the annular groove 17. The inner diameter of the annular groove 17 is much larger than the outer diameter of the cutter shaft 18. In each annular groove 17, a rotation detection and control switch mechanism cooperating with the cutter shaft 18 is arranged.

[0040] Among them, each set of rotation detection and control switch mechanisms further includes a pressing cross bar 21 and a resilient plate 19. The pressing cross bar 21 is fixedly connected to the cutter shaft 18 and is located within the annular groove 17. There are two resilient plates 19 and two sensors 20. The two resilient plates 19 are distributed on both sides of the cutter shaft 18, and resilient damping hinges 22 are connected between each resilient plate 19 and the inner bottom surface of the annular groove 17. The initial position of the resilient plate 19 is perpendicular to the inner bottom surface of the annular groove 17. It should be noted that the resilient damping hinge 22 is a mechanical hinge with a built-in buffer. It controls the opening and closing of the door through an internal liquid or gas damper. This hinge can slow down the speed and reduce the impact force when closing, enabling the door panel or cabinet door to close smoothly and avoiding violent impacts. At the same time, after opening to a certain angle, it can automatically rebound and close without manual force. The resilient damping hinge 22 can enable the resilient plate 19 to have a resilience force after deflecting from the initial position, and there is damping during the rebound process, so that the resilient plate 19 rotates and resets relatively slowly. The two sensors 20 are symmetrically distributed about the center of the cutter shaft 18, that is, symmetrically distributed according to the center of the cutter shaft 18, and the sensors 20 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the annular groove 17. Each sensor 20 is a pressure sensing switch, and the sensing end of the sensor 20 cooperates with the resilient plate 19 correspondingly.

[0041] It should be noted that during the rotation of the cutter shaft 18, the pressing cross bar 21 and the sensor 20 are in a misaligned state, that is, the pressing cross bar 21 will not hit the sensor 20 during rotation, and the distributed resilient plates 19 are within the rotation trajectory range of the pressing cross bar 21.

[0042] When the cutter head rotates and excavates during the advancement of the shield machine, the rotary cutters 4 distributed on each cutter holder 2 rotate due to friction. Considering the installation and the rotation of the rotary cutters 4, there must be a certain gap between the rotary cutters 4 and the through holes 5. If small rock and soil get stuck in the small gap between the rotary cutters 4 and the through holes 5 during the excavation process, it is easy for the rotary cutters 4 to get stuck. Even if the entire cutter head continues to rotate, it may cause the rotary cutters 4 to crush the rock and soil and rotate again by relying on friction. However, during this process, the rotary cutters 4 may also get stuck for a long time. During the stuck process, the rotary cutters 4 can only continuously and strongly frictionally contact the rock and soil as the cutter head rotates, and it is easy to be highly damaged in a short time.

[0043] In the technical solution disclosed in the present application, during the rotation of the rotary hob 4, the connected tool shaft 18 drives the extrusion cross bar 21 to continuously rotate. During the rotation, the extrusion cross bar 21 continuously extrudes the rebound plates 19 distributed on both sides. Whenever a rebound plate 19 is extruded, it will deflect and move away from the corresponding sensor 20. When the extrusion cross bar 21 completely passes by, the rebound plate 19 can slowly rebound by relying on the rebound damping hinge 22. Under normal conditions, when the rotary hob 4 rotates by friction during the rotation of the cutter head, it can drive the extrusion cross bar 21 to extrude the rebound plate 19 again before the rebound plate 19 resets and contacts the sensor 20, causing it to move away from the sensor 20 again. This process repeats. When the rotary hob 4 is stuck by rock and soil and stops rotating, or when the rotation is difficult and it cannot rotate effectively and continuously, it will naturally be unable to drive the extrusion cross bar 21 to timely extrude and push the rebound plate 19. It should be noted here that since two rebound plates 19 are provided, even if the extrusion cross bar 21 happens to stop at the position of one of the rebound plates 19, it cannot block the other rebound plate 19. Inevitably, one of the rebound plates 19 will completely reset and squeeze against the corresponding sensor 20, and the corresponding sensor 20 will generate an induction, causing the drive mechanism to operate.

[0044] In some specific embodiments, referring to Figure 3 and Figure 4 as shown, mounting grooves 8 are provided on both the upper and lower sides of the tool slot 9 corresponding to each rotary hob 4. The mounting grooves 8 are specifically opened on the back of the tool holder 2. A set of drive mechanisms are installed inside each tool slot 9. The drive mechanism includes a hydraulic telescopic rod 10 and a lifting push plate 11. The hydraulic telescopic rod 10 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the mounting groove 8. The hydraulic telescopic rod 10 is electrically connected to the corresponding sensor 20. When the sensor 20 on either side of the rotary hob 4 generates an induction, the hydraulic telescopic rods 10 in the mounting grooves 8 distributed on both sides of the tool slot 9 can be operated. The sensor 20 feeds back a signal, and the hydraulic telescopic rod 10 is controlled by a supporting controller to continuously perform telescopic movements. Communication ports 16 corresponding to and communicating with the mounting grooves 8 are opened on both the upper and lower sides of each through hole 5. A connecting member is connected between one end of the lifting push plate 11 and the telescopic end of the corresponding hydraulic telescopic rod 10, and the other end passes through the communication port 16. The impact crushing mechanism is arranged on the lifting push plate 11.

[0045] In some specific embodiments, in combination with Figures 7-8 as shown, the impact crushing mechanism includes impact rods 26. There are multiple impact rods 26, and they are horizontally and equally spaced inside the lifting push plate 11. Each impact rod 26 is rotatably connected to the lifting push plate 11, that is, the impact rod 26 can rotate inside the lifting push plate 11 but cannot shift in position relative to the lifting push plate 11. An auxiliary cleaning member is provided at a position near the bottom of each impact rod 26.

[0046] In some other specific embodiments, a conical head 12 is fixedly connected to one end of each impact rod 26 close to the rotary hob 4, and the conical head 12 facilitates the impact rod 26 to break rock and soil.

[0047] In some specific embodiments, as shown in Figures 7-8 , the connecting member includes a cross plate 13, a ball screw 24 and a screw sleeve 25. The cross plate 13 is fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the hydraulic telescopic rod 10 through a connecting frame. A compressible support spring 14 is connected between the cross plate 13 and the lifting push plate 11. Here, multiple support springs 14 can be provided according to actual needs. Multiple ball screws 24 are provided and are correspondingly coaxially fixedly connected to the top of the impact rod 26. Multiple screw sleeves 25 are provided and are correspondingly connected to the ball screws 24 in a matching manner, and each screw sleeve 25 is also fixedly connected to the cross plate 13. A limiting plate 15 is fixedly connected to one side of the lifting push plate 11 close to the bottom. When the hydraulic telescopic rod 10 drives the cross plate 13 to descend, the cross plate 13 drives the lifting push plate 11 to descend, so as to facilitate driving the distributed impact rods 26 to descend. The impact rods 26 can break the rock and soil stuck in the gap between the through hole 5 and the rotary hob 4. And when the impact end of the impact rod 26 descends to a position close to the rotary hob 4, the limiting plate 15 on the lifting push plate 11 abuts against the inner wall of the installation groove 8, resulting in the lifting push plate 11 being unable to continue descending. At this time, the hydraulic telescopic rod 10 continues to drive, so as to drive the cross plate 13 to compress the support spring 14. In this way, the screw sleeves 25 distributed on the cross plate 13 move relative to the ball screws 24 along with the cross plate 13. Since the screw sleeves 25 and the ball screws 24 are arranged in a matching manner, during the relative movement of the screw sleeves 25, the ball screws 24 rotate, so as to drive the impact rods 26 to rotate, which is convenient for strengthening the rock and soil breaking effect of the conical head 12 at the end. It should be noted that a spiral shape can be provided on the outer wall of the conical head 12 here.

[0048] In some specific embodiments, as shown in Figure 8 , each ball screw 24 and the corresponding impact rod 26 are hollow structures and are communicated with each other. The auxiliary cleaning member includes a limiting wire 23 and a rotary expansion mechanism; multiple limiting wires 23 are provided. One end of each limiting wire 23 is fixedly connected to one side of the installation groove 8 away from the corresponding rotary hob 4, and the other end correspondingly passes through the ball screw 24 and penetrates into the impact rod 26. A set of rotary expansion mechanisms are provided at one end of each impact rod 26 close to the rotary hob 4, and the rotary expansion mechanisms are connected to the other ends of the corresponding limiting wires 23 in a matching manner.

[0049] Among them, the rotating outward expansion mechanism includes a rotating plate 28, a mounting opening 27 and a linkage rod 29. Each impact rod 26 is provided with mounting openings 27 on both sides of one end close to the rotating hob 4. There are two rotating plates 28, which are respectively arranged in the mounting openings 27. The side of each rotating plate 28 away from the rotating hob 4 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the mounting opening 27 through a rotating shaft. The side of each rotating plate 28 close to the inside of the impact rod 26 is movably connected to the linkage rod 29 through a rebound hinge. The linkage rods 29 on both sides are movably connected with a linkage block 30 through a rebound hinge. A movable connecting piece is provided on the linkage block 30, and the linkage block 30 is connected to the limiting steel wire 23 through the movable connecting piece.

[0050] The movable connecting part includes a ball shell 31 and a universal ball 32. The ball shell 31 is fixedly connected to the linkage block 30. The universal ball 32 is movably embedded in the ball shell 31 and cannot be separated from the ball shell 31. The universal ball 32 is fixedly connected to the end of the limiting steel wire 23.

[0051] When the lifting push plate 11 is in the initial position, the ends of the distributed impact rods 26 connected to the cone head 12 are all received in the connecting port 16, and at this time, the rotating plates 28 on both sides of the end of each impact rod 26 are received in the corresponding installation port 27, and the correspondingly set limit wires 23 are in a relaxed state. When the lifting push plate 11 brings the impact rod 26 close to the rotating hob 4, the limit wires 23 gradually begin to straighten. After the rotating plates 28 distributed on both sides of the end of the impact rod 26 are separated from the connecting port 16 as the end of the impact rod 26 is separated from the connecting port 16, the limit wires 23 have been completely straightened. At this time, the impact rod 26 continues to descend, and the linkage block 30 set inside the impact rod 26 will be pulled, thereby moving relative to the impact rod 26. , and the rotating plates 28 on both sides are propped open by the linkage rods 29 on both sides, so that the rotating plates 28 on both sides are rotated out from the corresponding installation openings 27, so that during the rotation of the impact rod 26, the rotating plates 28 on both sides rotate accordingly, so as to facilitate pushing away the surrounding broken rock and soil, and facilitate the rapid scraping out of the broken rock and soil that is impacted and crushed by the impact rod 26 but is still in the gap between the rotating roller 4 and the through-hole 5, so as to achieve rock and soil crushing and removal, and facilitate the effective release of the stuck state of the rotating roller 4, and during the rotation of the impact rod 26, since the end of the limiting steel wire 23 relies on the universal ball 32 to rotate relative to the ball shell 31 fixed on the linkage block 30, the motion interference between the limiting steel wire 23 and the impact rod 26 can be avoided.

[0052] In order to facilitate the understanding of the embodiments of this solution by those skilled in the art, the working principle of this solution is briefly described in combination with specific application scenarios:

[0053] During the excavation process of the cutter head driven by the shield machine, the rotating hob 4 rotates by the action of friction to cut and break the rock and soil. During the rotation of the rotating hob 4, the connected cutter shaft 18 drives the extrusion cross bar 21 to continuously rotate. During the rotation of the extrusion cross bar 21, it continuously extrudes the rebound plates 19 distributed on both sides. Whenever the rebound plate 19 is extruded, it will deflect and move away from the corresponding sensor 20. When the extrusion cross bar 21 completely passes by, the rebound plate 19 can slowly rebound by relying on the rebound damping hinge 22. Under normal conditions, when the rotating hob 4 rotates by friction during the rotation of the cutter head, it can drive the extrusion cross bar 21 to squeeze the rebound plate 19 again before the rebound plate 19 resets and contacts the sensor 20, causing it to move away from the sensor 20 again. This process repeats. When the rotating hob 4 is stuck by rock and soil and stops rotating, or when the rotation is difficult and it cannot rotate continuously effectively, it will naturally be unable to drive the extrusion cross bar 21 to timely squeeze and push the rebound plate 19. In this way, when the rebound plate 19 is completely reset, it will squeeze against the corresponding sensor 20, and the corresponding sensor 20 will generate an induction, causing the hydraulic telescopic rod 10 of the driving mechanism to operate and continuously reciprocate.

[0054] When the hydraulic telescopic rod 10 drives the cross plate 13 to descend, the cross plate 13 drives the lifting push plate 11 to descend, thereby facilitating the descent of the distributed impact rods 26. The impact rods 26 can break up the rock and soil stuck in the gap between the through hole 5 and the rotating hob 4. When the impact end of the impact rod 26 descends to a position close to the rotating hob 4, the limit plate 15 on the lifting push plate 11 abuts against the inner wall of the installation groove 8, causing the lifting push plate 11 to stop descending. At this time, the hydraulic telescopic rod 10 continues to drive, thereby driving the cross plate 13 to compress the support spring 14. In this way, the screw sleeve 25 distributed on the cross plate 13 moves relative to the ball screw 24 along with the cross plate 13. Since the screw sleeve 25 and the ball screw 24 are cooperatively arranged, during the relative movement of the screw sleeve 25, the ball screw 24 rotates, thereby driving the impact rod 26 to rotate, facilitating the strengthening of the rock and soil crushing effect of the end cone head 12.

[0055] As the lifting push plate 11 approaches the rotating roller 4 with the impact rod 26, the limiting wire 23 gradually begins to straighten. After the rotating plates 28 distributed on both sides of the end of the impact rod 26 are separated from the connecting port 16, the limiting wire 23 has been completely straightened. At this time, the impact rod 26 continues to descend, and the linkage block 30 arranged inside the impact rod 26 will be pulled, thereby moving relative to the impact rod 26, and the rotating plates 28 on both sides are stretched open by the linkage rods 29 on both sides, causing the rotating plates 28 on both sides to rotate out from the corresponding installation ports 27. When the lifting push plate 11 stops due to the action of the limiting plate 15, the impact rod 26 starts to rotate, and the rotating plates 28 on both sides rotate accordingly, so as to facilitate pushing away the surrounding broken rock and soil, and facilitate the quick scraping out of the broken rock and soil that is impacted and crushed by the impact rod 26 but is still in the gap between the rotating roller 4 and the through-hole 5, so as to achieve rock and soil crushing and removal, and facilitate the effective release of the stuck state of the rotating roller 4.

[0056] Several embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto and cannot be considered to limit the scope of implementation of the present invention. All equivalent changes and improvements made within the scope of the present invention should still fall within the scope of the patent coverage of the present invention.

Claims

1. A shield machine cutterhead structure, comprising an annular frame (1) and a cutter holder (2), wherein the cutter holder (2) is provided in plurality and is circumferentially fixedly distributed on the inner ring of the annular frame (1), and each of the cutter holders (2) is provided with a plurality of rotating rollers (4) equidistantly distributed, characterized in that: Also includes: Rotation detection control switch mechanism; the rotation detection control switch mechanism is provided in a plurality of groups and is correspondingly connected with the rotating hob (4), and each group of the rotation detection control switch mechanism comprises a sensor (20) for detecting whether the rotating hob (4) is stationary; A knife clamping mechanism, the knife clamping mechanism comprising a driving mechanism and an impact crushing mechanism, the driving mechanism being electrically connected to the sensor (20), the impact crushing mechanism being cooperatively arranged between the knife holder (2) and the rotating roller cutter (4), the driving mechanism being used to drive the impact crushing mechanism to reciprocate, the impact crushing mechanism crushing stones clamped between the knife holder (2) and the rotating roller cutter (4); The back of the tool holder (2) is provided with a plurality of knife grooves (9) at equal intervals, the rotating hob (4) is correspondingly arranged in the knife groove (9), the front of the tool holder (2) is provided with a plurality of through openings (5) correspondingly connected to the knife grooves (9), and the blade of the rotating hob (4) passes through the through openings (5), both sides of each rotating hob (4) are coaxially fixedly connected to a knife shaft (18), both sides of the inner wall of each knife groove (9) are provided with an annular groove (17), and the knife shaft (18) is correspondingly rotatably connected in the annular groove (17), and each annular groove (17) is provided with a rotation detection control switch mechanism matched with the knife shaft (18); Each group of the rotation detection control switch mechanisms further comprises an extrusion cross bar (21) and a rebound plate (19), wherein the extrusion cross bar (21) is fixedly connected to the knife shaft (18), and two rebound plates (19) and two sensors (20) are provided, wherein the two rebound plates (19) are distributed on both sides of the knife shaft (18), and both are connected to the inner bottom surface of the annular groove (17) with a rebound damping hinge (22), and the two sensors (20) are centrally symmetrically distributed on both sides of the knife shaft (18), and the sensors (20) are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the annular groove (17), and each sensor (20) is a pressure sensing switch, and the sensing end of the sensor (20) corresponds to the rebound plate (19).

2. A shield machine cutterhead structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The knife groove (9) corresponding to each rotating hob (4) is provided with mounting grooves (8) on both upper and lower sides, and a group of driving mechanisms are installed inside each knife groove (9), and the driving mechanism includes a hydraulic telescopic rod (10) and a lifting push plate (11), the hydraulic telescopic rod (10) is fixedly connected to the inner side of the mounting groove (8), and the hydraulic telescopic rod (10) is electrically connected to the corresponding sensor (20), and each through-hole (5) is provided with a connecting port (16) corresponding to the mounting groove (8) on both upper and lower sides, and a connecting piece is connected between one end of the lifting push plate (11) and the corresponding telescopic end of the hydraulic telescopic rod (10), and the other end passes through the connecting port (16), and the impact crushing mechanism is arranged on the lifting push plate (11).

3. A shield machine cutterhead structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The impact crushing mechanism comprises an impact rod (26), a plurality of impact rods (26) are provided and are laterally equidistantly distributed on the inner side of the lifting push plate (11), each impact rod (26) is rotatably connected to the lifting push plate (11), and each impact rod (26) is provided with an auxiliary cleaning piece near the bottom.

4. A shield machine cutterhead structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: One end of each impact rod (26) close to the rotating hob (4) is fixedly connected to a cone head (12).

5. The shield machine cutter head structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The connecting member comprises a transverse plate (13), a ball screw (24) and a screw sleeve (25); the transverse plate (13) is fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the hydraulic telescopic rod (10); a support spring (14) is connected between the transverse plate (13) and the lifting push plate (11); a plurality of ball screws (24) are provided and are coaxially fixedly connected to the top of the impact rod (26); a plurality of screw sleeves (25) are provided and are correspondingly matched and connected to the ball screw (24); each screw sleeve (25) is also fixedly connected to the transverse plate (13); and a side of the lifting push plate (11) close to the bottom is fixedly connected to a limiting plate (15).

6. A shield machine cutterhead structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: Each of the ball screws (24) and the corresponding impact rods (26) are hollow structures and are interconnected. The auxiliary cleaning component comprises a limit steel wire (23) and a rotational expansion mechanism. A plurality of limit steel wires (23) are provided. One end of each limit steel wire (23) is fixedly connected to a side of the mounting groove (8) away from the corresponding rotating hob (4), and the other end passes through the ball screw (24) and penetrates into the interior of the impact rod (26). One end of each impact rod (26) close to the rotating hob (4) is provided with a set of the rotational expansion mechanism, and the rotational expansion mechanism is matched and connected to the other end of the corresponding limit steel wire (23).

7. A shield machine cutterhead structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The rotating outward expansion mechanism comprises a rotating plate (28), a mounting opening (27) and a linkage rod (29). The mounting opening (27) is provided on both sides of one end of each of the impact rods (26) close to the rotating hob (4). Two rotating plates (28) are provided and are respectively arranged in the mounting opening (27). The side of each rotating plate (28) away from the rotating hob (4) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the mounting opening (27). The side of each rotating plate (28) close to the inside of the impact rod (26) is movably connected to the linkage rod (29) via a rebound hinge. The linkage rods (29) on both sides are movably connected to a linkage block (30) via a rebound hinge. The linkage block (30) is provided with a movable connecting piece, and the linkage block (30) is cooperatively connected to the limit steel wire (23) via the movable connecting piece.

8. A shield machine cutterhead structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: The movable connecting member comprises a ball shell (31) and a universal ball (32); the ball shell (31) is fixedly connected to the linkage block (30); the universal ball (32) is movably embedded in the ball shell (31); and the universal ball (32) is fixedly connected to the end of the limiting steel wire (23).

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