Automatic farmland microclimate detection device
By designing an automated farmland microclimate detection device, the sensor height is automatically adjusted by using spiral telescopic rods and scissor lifts, and through multiple sets of detachable sensors and protection structures, the problem of fixed observation positions and lack of protection in traditional agricultural sensors is solved, improving data accuracy and equipment damage resistance.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510275395.4
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-03-10
- Publication Date
- 2025-05-02
AI Technical Summary
In the existing agricultural environment monitoring, the traditional integrated agricultural sensor has a single observation position and a high fixed height, which cannot be adjusted according to crop growth, and lacks protective settings, making it susceptible to damage caused by flying insects.
An automated farmland microclimate detection device was designed, using spiral telescopic rods and scissor lifts, combined with ultrasonic ranging and height measurement devices, to realize automatic height adjustment of sensors, and through multiple sets of detachable sensors and protection structures, monitoring flexibility and equipment damage resistance are improved.
It realizes automatic adjustment of sensor height according to crop growth, improves data accuracy and real-timeness, avoids the problem of flying insects attacking and damaging equipment, and enhances the support ability of farmland management decisions.
Smart Images
Figure CN119916501A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural sensors, and in particular to an automated farmland microclimate detection device. Background Art
[0002] Agricultural sensors are sensors that use the Internet of Things technology to monitor the growth environment of crops. They can be roughly divided into soil sensors, water quality sensors, atmospheric environment sensors, etc. Agricultural Internet of Things technology is widely used in agricultural environmental monitoring, greenhouse production control, water-saving irrigation, weather monitoring, product safety and traceability, and is of great significance to agricultural data collection and cultivation management.
[0003] However, in the existing agricultural environment monitoring, it is necessary to use integrated agricultural sensors with different functions at different leaf positions to detect the planting environment. Most of the traditional integrated agricultural sensors have a single observation position and a fixed height, which cannot be adjusted according to the growth of crops. As a result, when operators monitor the agricultural planting environment, the data obtained cannot accurately reflect the growth environment of crops. In addition, the current agricultural sensors lack protection settings, which makes it easy for flying insects to attack and damage the equipment, and it is difficult to disassemble and replace them after damage.
[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for an automated multifunctional farmland microclimate detection device that can track crop growth conditions, which is of great significance for farmland management decisions. Summary of the invention
[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, this application proposes the following technical solutions:
[0006] An embodiment of the present application provides an automated farmland microclimate detection device, comprising: a spiral telescopic rod, a first end of the spiral telescopic rod being fixedly disposed on a base, a second end of the spiral telescopic rod being fixedly connected to a movable end of a scissor-type lifting frame, and a fixed end of the scissor-type lifting frame being fixedly connected to the base; an ultrasonic ranging device and an ultrasonic height measuring device being disposed at the second end of the spiral telescopic rod, and a plurality of agricultural sensors being disposed at different height positions from the first end to the second end of the spiral telescopic rod.
[0007] In a possible implementation, the scissor-type lifting frame includes a base plate, a load-bearing plate and symmetrically distributed scissor-type brackets, one end of the base plate is fixedly connected to one side of the device base, both sides of the base plate and the load-bearing plate are provided with a first rotating shaft, the first end and the second end of each scissor-type bracket are respectively fixed to the first rotating shaft on one side of the base plate and the first rotating shaft on one side of the load-bearing plate, grooves of the same size are respectively provided at the same positions in the base plate and the load-bearing plate, a cylindrical roller with a diameter the same as the arc diameter of the groove is embedded in each of the grooves, the third end and the fourth end of each scissor-type bracket are respectively fixedly connected to the cylindrical roller in the base plate groove and the cylindrical roller in the load-bearing plate groove, and the middle axis of the scissor-type bracket is connected by a second rotating shaft.
[0008] In a possible implementation, a motor and an automatic locking device are provided on the cylindrical roller in the bottom plate groove.
[0009] In a possible implementation, one end of the spiral telescopic rod is embedded in the top plate of the scissor lift, and the other end of the spiral telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the top of the base. Data acquisition units are respectively provided at the top of the spiral telescopic rod, 4 / 5 of the spiral telescopic rod, 3 / 5 of the spiral telescopic rod, 2 / 5 of the spiral telescopic rod, and 1 / 5 of the spiral telescopic rod. The data acquisition units include a wind direction sensor, a wind speed sensor, a carbon dioxide concentration sensor, an ambient temperature sensor, and an ambient humidity sensor.
[0010] In a possible implementation, a rain collecting barrel and a rain sensor are further provided on the top of the spiral telescopic rod, a filter is provided above the barrel opening of the rain collecting barrel, and a valve is provided below the barrel opening of the rain collecting barrel.
[0011] In a possible implementation, the base is fixed to the soil layer by self-tapping screws, and a soil temperature sensor and a soil moisture sensor are provided on the edge of the base.
[0012] In a possible implementation, the sensor is surrounded by a wooden material, the surface of the wooden material is coated with a protective paint, and a transparent wire mesh is provided on a portion of the probe exposed outside the wooden material.
[0013] In a possible implementation, the spiral telescopic rod is made of hard PU material, and the scissor-type lifting frame is made of stainless steel.
[0014] In a possible implementation, it further includes a control box disposed on the base, wherein a storage communication module is disposed in the control box, and the storage communication module is electrically connected to the APP end and the digital display device.
[0015] In a possible implementation, a power source is further included, wherein the power source is embedded in the base and is used to supply power to the device through electrical wires.
[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this application are:
[0017] The present application is provided with a scissor-type lifting frame and a spiral telescopic rod, as well as an integrated device with multiple groups of detachable temperature and humidity sensors, wind speed and direction sensors, carbon dioxide concentration sensors, rain gauges and other agricultural sensors on the surface. Through an ultrasonic ranging device and an ultrasonic height measuring device, the height of the spiral telescopic rod is automatically adjusted according to the plant height, which is convenient for operators to monitor and observe. This solves the problem that in existing agricultural environment monitoring, agricultural sensors with multiple functions are needed at different leaf positions, and it is difficult to automatically detect the planting environment. This makes it more convenient for operators to observe the agricultural planting environment when monitoring it. At the same time, protective structures such as transparent nets are provided to prevent flying insects from damaging the equipment. This solves the problem that current agricultural sensors lack protective settings, are easily damaged by flying insects, and are difficult to disassemble and replace after damage. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0018] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of an automated farmland microclimate detection device provided in an embodiment of the present application;
[0019] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a scissor lift provided in an embodiment of the present application;
[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the scissor-type lifting frame provided in an embodiment of the present application after the spiral telescopic rod is compressed.
[0021] in, Figure 1-3 Symbols in the figure are as follows: 1-base, 2-power supply, 3-spiral telescopic rod, 4-scissor-type lifting frame, 5-control box, 6-top data acquisition unit, 7-4 / 5 height data acquisition unit, 8-3 / 5 height data acquisition unit, 9-2 / 5 height data acquisition unit, 10-1 / 5 height data acquisition unit, 11-bottom data acquisition unit, 12-bottom plate, 13-rainwater collection barrel, 14-carrying plate, 15-scissor-type bracket, 16-cylindrical roller, 17-first rotating shaft, 18-motor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0022] The present solution is described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.
[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an automated farmland microclimate detection device provided in an embodiment of the present application, see Figure 1In this embodiment, an automated farmland microclimate detection device includes: a spiral telescopic rod 3, the first end of the spiral telescopic rod 3 is fixedly arranged on the base 1, the second end of the spiral telescopic rod 3 is fixedly connected to the movable end of the scissor-type lifting frame 4, the fixed end of the scissor-type lifting frame 4 is fixedly connected to the base 1, the second end of the spiral telescopic rod 3 is provided with an ultrasonic distance measuring device and an ultrasonic height measuring device, and a variety of agricultural sensors are provided at different heights from the first end to the second end of the spiral telescopic rod 3. In this embodiment, in order to improve the stability of the device, the base 1 adopts a rectangular parallelepiped, and is fixed to the soil layer with a self-tapping screw at each of the four corners of the rectangular parallelepiped. The edge of the base 1 is provided with a bottom data acquisition unit 11, and the bottom data acquisition unit 11 includes a soil temperature sensor and a soil moisture sensor, which are respectively inserted into the soil layer by 10 cm and can be disassembled. A control box 5 is provided on the top of the base 1, and a storage communication module is provided in the control box 5. The storage communication module transmits data with the APP end and the digital display device or the NFC component to realize convenient data transmission. In addition, a power supply 2 is embedded in the base 1 for supplying power to the device. A protective cover is provided above the power supply 2, and the protective cover can be removed and replaced by opening it.
[0024] join Figure 2 , a schematic diagram of the structure of a scissor lift provided in an embodiment of the present application, wherein the scissor lift 4 in this embodiment comprises a bottom plate 12, a load-bearing plate 14 and symmetrically distributed scissor brackets 15, wherein the bottom plate 12 and the load-bearing plate 14 are rectangular parallelepipeds of the same size, one end of the bottom plate 12 is fixedly connected to one side of the device base 1, and both sides of the bottom plate 12 and the load-bearing plate 14 are provided with a first rotating shaft 17, and the first end and the second end of each scissor bracket 15 are respectively fixed to the first rotating shaft 17 on one side of the bottom plate 12 and the first rotating shaft 17 on one side of the load-bearing plate 14, and the bottom plate 12 and the load-bearing plate 1 4 are respectively provided with grooves of the same size, each groove is embedded with a cylindrical roller 16 with a diameter the same as the diameter of the groove arc, the third end and the fourth end of each scissor-type bracket 15 are respectively fixedly connected with the cylindrical roller 16 in the groove of the bottom plate 12 and the cylindrical roller 16 in the groove of the carrier plate 14, a motor 18 and an automatic locking device are provided on the cylindrical roller 16 in the groove of the bottom plate 12, the middle axis of the scissor-type bracket 15 is connected by a second rotating shaft, the opening and closing of the motor 18 is controlled by a solenoid valve, and the opening and closing of the solenoid valve is controlled by the signal of the ultrasonic sensor.
[0025] In this embodiment, the spiral telescopic rod 3 is made of hard PU material, and the scissor-type lifting frame 4 is made of stainless steel. One end of the spiral telescopic rod 3 is embedded in the top plate of the scissor-type lifting frame 4, and the other end of the spiral telescopic rod 3 is fixedly connected to the top of the base 1. A top data acquisition unit 6, a 4 / 5 height data acquisition unit 7, a 3 / 5 height data acquisition unit 8, a 2 / 5 height data acquisition unit 9, and a 1 / 5 height data acquisition unit 10 are respectively arranged at the top of the spiral telescopic rod 3, the spiral telescopic rod 4 / 5, the spiral telescopic rod 3 / 5, the spiral telescopic rod 2 / 5, and the spiral telescopic rod 1 / 5. The above-mentioned data acquisition units all include a wind direction sensor, a wind speed sensor, a carbon dioxide concentration sensor, an ambient temperature sensor, and an ambient humidity sensor. The outside of these sensors is surrounded by wooden materials, and the surface of the wooden materials is coated with protective paint to avoid the influence of metal materials on temperature detection. The probe part exposed outside the wooden material is provided with a transparent silk screen to protect the sensor from being damaged by insects without affecting the sensitivity of the sensor, so that the farmland microclimate at different heights of crops can be continuously observed. See Figure 3 , driven by the scissor lift 4, the spiral telescopic rod 3 moves up and down, while keeping each spiral of the spiral telescopic rod 3 evenly stretched, that is, keeping the lower sensor located at the base of the spiral telescopic rod 3, 1 / 5 of the spiral telescopic rod, 2 / 5 of the spiral telescopic rod, 3 / 5 of the spiral telescopic rod, and 4 / 5 of the spiral telescopic rod. When the ultrasonic ranging value is less than the set value, the solenoid valve is opened, so that the motor 18 on the cylindrical roller 16 drives the scissor bracket 15 to move, thereby driving the bearing plate 14 and the spiral telescopic rod 3 to continue to rise, until the ranging value is greater than the set value, the solenoid valve is closed, the motor 18 stops moving, and the scissor lift 4 is fixed by the automatic locking device, thereby fixing the position of the spiral telescopic rod 3 at this time, so that the top detection point is slightly higher than the top of the plant. In this embodiment, the ultrasonic distance measuring device and ultrasonic height measuring device of the top data acquisition unit 6 perform distance and height measurement at 6:00, 12:00, and 20:00 every day. According to the growth environment and seat layout of field crops, the threshold setting value of the ultrasonic distance measurement value is 5 times the row spacing. When the ultrasonic distance measurement value is less than 5 times the row spacing, the solenoid valve is opened to allow the spiral telescopic rod 3 to continue to rise until the distance measurement value is greater than 5 times the row spacing. The solenoid valve is closed and the position of the spiral telescopic rod 3 is fixed at this time, so that the top detection point is slightly higher than the top of the plant, ensuring that the sensors are respectively located at the base of the spiral telescopic rod 3, the spiral telescopic rod 1 / 5, the spiral telescopic rod 2 / 5, the spiral telescopic rod 3 / 5, the spiral telescopic rod 4 / 5, and the top of the spiral telescopic rod 3, ensuring the accuracy of the observation point, thereby improving the accuracy of the data. The sensor transmits the collected data to the storage communication module located in the base control box 5, and transmits it to the mobile phone APP or NFC tag through the mobile network, which can be consulted by the management personnel.
[0026] In addition, a rain collecting barrel 13 and a rain sensor are arranged on the top of the spiral telescopic rod 3. A filter screen is arranged above the barrel mouth of the rain collecting barrel 13, and a valve is arranged below the barrel mouth of the rain collecting barrel 13, which automatically opens at intervals to drain the internal water, and the amount of rainwater is recorded each time it is drained.
[0027] In this embodiment, the daily setting is to open the valve every hour to drain the rainwater in the rain gauge, and record the amount of rainwater when draining. When the weather forecast is heavy rain, it is automatically set to open the valve every minute to drain the rainwater in the rain gauge, and record the amount of rainwater when draining to obtain the instantaneous rainfall. The rainfall sensor is a weighing sensor, which can conveniently obtain the rainfall within the set time.
[0028] When the automated farmland microclimate detection device is in use, the operator first fixes the mounting base 1 to the monitoring ground with self-tapping screws through the mounting hole, and then installs the battery. After powering on and connecting to the network, the motor 18 can be used to automatically adjust the height of the scissor lift 4 under the signal of the monitoring data, thereby adjusting the height of the spiral telescopic rod 3, until the temperature sensor, humidity sensor, carbon dioxide concentration sensor, wind speed and direction sensor at the top of the spiral telescopic rod 3 are slightly higher than the top of the plant. When it is necessary to measure and monitor the rainfall in rainy weather, the staff can monitor the rainfall in the agricultural environment by monitoring the rain gauge. At the same time, the operator can monitor the temperature and humidity of the agricultural planting environment through the temperature sensor and humidity sensor, monitor the carbon dioxide concentration through the carbon dioxide concentration sensor, and determine the wind speed of the agricultural planting environment through the wind speed direction sensor. These data will be transmitted to the APP end and the NFC tag through the network, avoiding the inconvenience of obtaining data through field observation, and can directly obtain continuous data to obtain trends and intuitively analyze.
[0029] In the embodiments of the present application, "multiple" refers to two or more. "And / or" describes the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that three relationships may exist. For example, A and / or B can represent the existence of A alone, the existence of A and B at the same time, and the existence of B alone. A and B can be singular or plural. The character " / " generally indicates that the associated objects before and after are in an "or" relationship.
[0030] It should be noted that, in this article, the terms "include", "comprises" or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, an element defined by the sentence "comprises a ..." does not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the element.
[0031] The above is only a specific implementation of the present application. Any person skilled in the art can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present application, which should be included in the protection scope of the present application. The protection scope of the present application should be based on the protection scope of the claims.
Claims
1. An automated farmland microclimate detection device, characterized in that: include: A spiral telescopic rod, wherein the first end of the spiral telescopic rod is fixedly arranged on a base, the second end of the spiral telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the movable end of a scissor-type lifting frame, and the fixed end of the scissor-type lifting frame is fixedly connected to the base; an ultrasonic distance measuring device and an ultrasonic height measuring device are arranged at the second end of the spiral telescopic rod, and a variety of agricultural sensors are arranged at different height positions from the first end to the second end of the spiral telescopic rod.
2. The automated farmland microclimate detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The scissor-type lifting frame includes a base plate, a load-bearing plate and symmetrically distributed scissor-type brackets, one end of the base plate is fixedly connected to one side of the device base, both sides of the base plate and the load-bearing plate are provided with a first rotating shaft, the first end and the second end of each scissor-type bracket are respectively fixed to the first rotating shaft on one side of the base plate and the first rotating shaft on one side of the load-bearing plate, grooves of the same size are respectively provided at the same positions in the base plate and the load-bearing plate, a cylindrical roller with a diameter the same as the arc diameter of the groove is embedded in each of the grooves, the third end and the fourth end of each scissor-type bracket are respectively fixedly connected to the cylindrical roller in the base plate groove and the cylindrical roller in the load-bearing plate groove, and the middle axis of the scissor-type bracket is connected by a second rotating shaft.
3. The automated farmland microclimate detection device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A motor and an automatic locking device are arranged on the cylindrical roller in the groove of the bottom plate.
4. The automated farmland microclimate detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the spiral telescopic rod is embedded in the top plate of the scissor-type lifting frame, and the other end of the spiral telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the top of the base. Data acquisition units are respectively arranged at the top of the spiral telescopic rod, 4 / 5 of the spiral telescopic rod, 3 / 5 of the spiral telescopic rod, 2 / 5 of the spiral telescopic rod, and 1 / 5 of the spiral telescopic rod. The data acquisition units include a wind direction sensor, a wind speed sensor, a carbon dioxide concentration sensor, an ambient temperature sensor, and an ambient humidity sensor.
5. The automated farmland microclimate detection device according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that: A rain collecting barrel and a rain sensor are also arranged on the top of the spiral telescopic rod; a filter screen is arranged above the barrel opening of the rain collecting barrel, and a valve is arranged below the barrel opening of the rain collecting barrel.
6. The automated farmland microclimate detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base is fixed to the soil layer by self-tapping screws, and a soil temperature sensor and a soil moisture sensor are arranged at the edge of the base.
7. The automated farmland microclimate detection device according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that: The sensor is surrounded by wooden material on the outside, the surface of the wooden material is coated with protective paint, and a transparent wire mesh is arranged on the probe part exposed outside the wooden material.
8. The automated farmland microclimate detection device according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that: The spiral telescopic rod is made of hard PU material, and the scissor-type lifting frame is made of stainless steel.
9. The automated farmland microclimate detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a control box arranged on the base, wherein a storage communication module is arranged in the control box, and the storage communication module is electrically connected to the APP end and the digital display device.
10. The automated farmland microclimate detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also included is a power source, which is embedded in the base and is used to power the device through an electrical wire.