A seamless line intelligent design method based on BIM

Abstract

The application discloses a seamless line intelligent design method based on BIM, which comprises the following steps: S10, creating a railway BIM model containing line and bridge information according to design data; S20, obtaining modeling parameters from the railway BIM model obtained in S10; S30, establishing a finite element calculation model; S40, calculating the design index value of the seamless line by using the relevant characteristics obtained by the finite element calculation model; S50, adjusting the design scheme according to the design index value until the design standard is met; and S60, performing three-dimensional visual display on the design scheme of the seamless line obtained in S50 by means of the BIM model. By using the BIM technology and the computer automatic technology, the application avoids errors caused by manual input of parameters, automatically and conveniently processes data, greatly improves the line design efficiency, and also realizes efficient human-computer interaction and data visualization.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of railway engineering, and particularly relates to a seamless track intelligent design method based on BIM. BACKGROUND

[0002] Seamless track was first widely used in the mid-20th century and has now become a standard part of modern railway construction, especially in high-speed railways and modern railway lines. Railway seamless track refers to the use of jointless rail laying technology to make the connection of steel rails on the railway line smoother and more continuous. This technology avoids the vibration, noise and wear caused by traditional rail joints by directly welding or connecting long steel rails into a whole "jointless" track, thereby improving the comfort and safety of train operation. The main features and advantages of seamless track include:

[0003] (1) Good stability: Since there are no joints, the train can maintain a more stable track structure when running, reducing the vibration and noise caused by joints.

[0004] (2) Long service life: There is less wear and tear at the joint, so the overall track has a longer service life.

[0005] (3) Reduce maintenance costs: Jointless design reduces the need for maintenance and replacement due to damage at the joint.

[0006] (4) Improve running speed: Since there are no joints, train operation is smoother, which can improve running speed and reduce energy loss.

[0007] (5) Reduce maintenance frequency: Joint connection parts often need regular inspection and replacement, while seamless track reduces these maintenance tasks.

[0008] In the construction of seamless track, the track is usually composed of long steel rails, which are connected into a continuous whole through welding technology. The length of these steel rails can reach hundreds of meters or even longer. In an environment where the temperature changes, the expansion and contraction of the track also need to be considered, so the design takes into account the flexibility of the track and the effects of thermal expansion and contraction. The method of "thermal expansion control at track joints" is often used to control the stress of the steel rails. Seamless track design usually uses finite element calculation and empirical formula methods to analyze the stress of the seamless track, and according to the calculation results, measures are selected to make the design meet the design specification requirements.

[0009] However, the current seamless line design still needs designers to use manual modeling calculation, formula calculation, Excel table calculation and other methods, the process is cumbersome and prone to errors, and the workload of designers and reviewers is greatly increased; the current design specification only provides a lower limit for the index of seamless line checking calculation, and each university, research institute and design unit has formed their own calculation method and design method. In order to ensure the safety of the project, the safety margin of the design scheme of some work points is usually redundant, resulting in waste of the project. SUMMARY

[0010] In order to solve the problems in the background art, the present application provides a seamless line intelligent design method based on BIM, which has high digitalization level, automatic calculation, reasonable redundancy setting and can improve work efficiency.

[0011] To this end, the present application adopts the following technical solutions:

[0012] A seamless line intelligent design method based on BIM, comprising the following steps:

[0013] S10, creating a railway BIM model containing line and bridge information according to design data;

[0014] S20, obtaining modeling parameters of the region to be designed from the railway BIM model obtained in S10;

[0015] S30, establishing a finite element calculation model according to the modeling parameters;

[0016] S40, calculating the design index value of the seamless line by using the relevant characteristics obtained by the finite element calculation model;

[0017] S50, adjusting the design scheme according to the design index value until the design standard is met, comprising:

[0018] Adjusting the design scheme of the region to be designed by separately setting small resistance fasteners, separately setting expansion adjusters, and separately adjusting the bridge span and support;

[0019] If the design index value of the seamless line meets the design specification after one of the adjustments is completed, the process jumps to step S60; if the design specification cannot be met after the three adjustment methods are adjusted, the modeling parameters in step S20 are manually adjusted until the corresponding design index value meets the design specification, and step S60 is entered;

[0020] S60, three-dimensional visualizing the design scheme of the region to be designed obtained in S50 through the BIM model.

[0021] Step S20 comprises the following sub-steps:

[0022] S201, specify the name of the bridge or the mileage range of the line of the region to be designed;

[0023] S202, standardize the name of the bridge or the mileage range of the line in S201, and convert it into BIM model format data for positioning the specific location of the region to be designed in the BIM model software;

[0024] S203, according to the mileage format data obtained in S202, extract the modeling parameter values required for building the finite element calculation model from the railway BIM model.

[0025] The name of the bridge in S201 belongs to the name of the bridge in the railway BIM model, and the mileage range of the line belongs to the corresponding range in the railway BIM model.

[0026] Step S30 includes the following steps:

[0027] S301, first, load the modeling parameter values extracted in S20 into the finite element calculation software and associate them with the corresponding modeling parameters; then specify the unit type used in the finite element calculation software and its corresponding material properties, wherein:

[0028] The specified unit type includes: specifying the rail and beam as a beam element, and specifying the fastener and pier as a spring element; the material properties of the beam element include the elastic modulus of the beam element and the linear expansion coefficient of the beam element, and the material properties of the spring element are the elastic modulus of the spring element;

[0029] S302, set the model parameters of the finite element calculation model and obtain the finite element calculation model of the region to be designed, the model parameters including: the number of meshes, the density of meshes, the quality of meshes, the layout of meshes, and the displacement coordination.

[0030] The modeling parameters in step S301 include: the elastic modulus of the rail, the cross-sectional area of the rail, the linear expansion coefficient of the rail, the rail temperature variation amplitude, the daily temperature difference of the concrete beam, the daily temperature difference of the steel beam, the rail length of the bridge size mileage end subgrade, the broken rail position, the long resistance displacement parameters and displacement values of ballasted or non-ballasted track, the small resistance displacement parameters and displacement values of ballasted or non-ballasted track, the bridge span parameters, and the bridge material type.

[0031] Step S40 includes the following steps:

[0032] Extract the values of the relevant characteristics of the seamless line in the finite element calculation model obtained in S30 by the finite element calculation software, and calculate the rail strength of the seamless line according to the region to be designed through the relevant characteristics , the relative displacement of the beam and the rail or the stability of the seamless track, the related characteristics including: dynamic bending stress, temperature stress, additional stress of the rail, braking stress of the rail, longitudinal displacement of the beam surface and longitudinal displacement of the rail, wherein:

[0033] The strength of the seamless track rail The strength of the seamless track rail is calculated by the following formula:

[0034] ;

[0035] Wherein: is the maximum dynamic bending stress of the rail; is the maximum temperature stress of the rail; is the maximum additional stress of the rail; is the maximum braking stress of the rail; is the yield strength of the rail steel; is the safety factor, which is determined according to the actual situation;

[0036] The relative displacement of the beam and the rail is obtained by subtracting the longitudinal displacement of the rail from the longitudinal displacement of the beam surface obtained by S401.

[0037] When the track form of the region to be designed is a ballastless track, the design index is the strength of the seamless track rail;

[0038] When the track form of the region to be designed is a ballast track, the design index includes: the strength of the seamless track rail, the relative displacement of the beam and the rail and the stability of the seamless track.

[0039] The safety factor is 1.3.

[0040] The step S50 includes the following steps:

[0041] S501, load the scheme database, wherein the design schemes of several work points in other projects are stored in the scheme database;

[0042] S502, judge the design index value obtained by S40 according to the design specification; if it meets the design specification, it is stored in the scheme database and jumps to S60, if it does not meet the design specification, similar work points are selected from the scheme database according to the work point information of the region to be designed;

[0043] If the similar work points use small resistance fasteners, the small resistance fastener setting scheme is extracted; otherwise, the small resistance fastener setting range is obtained according to the setting principle of the small resistance fastener in the railway design specification;

[0044] The value of the modeling parameter in S20 is adjusted using the small resistance fastener setting range or the small resistance fastener setting scheme, and the small resistance fastener design index value is recalculated;

[0045] Wherein: the small resistance fastener setting range supports manual adjustment, for reducing design redundancy; the similar work point judgment standard is: same corresponding bridge span, same corresponding support arrangement and same environmental temperature difference degree;

[0046] S503, judging the small resistance fastener design index value obtained in S502 according to the design specification, if it meets the design specification, storing the corresponding design scheme into the scheme database and entering S60, if it does not meet the design specification, judging whether the similar work point uses the expansion adjuster;

[0047] if the similar work point uses the expansion adjuster, extracting the expansion adjuster setting scheme from the scheme database; otherwise, selecting the type of the adjuster range through the expansion amount of the rail expansion adjuster calculated in the finite element model;

[0048] adjusting the numerical value of the modeling parameter in S20 using the expansion adjuster setting scheme or the selected type, and recalculating to obtain the expansion adjuster design index value;

[0049] S504, judging the expansion adjuster design index value obtained in S503 according to the design specification, if it meets the design specification, storing the corresponding design scheme into the scheme database and entering S60, if it does not meet the design specification, judging whether the similar work point adjusts the bridge span and the support;

[0050] if the similar work point adjusts the bridge span and the support, extracting the bridge span and support setting scheme from the scheme database, and adjusting the numerical value of the modeling parameter in S20 using the bridge span and support setting scheme, and finally recalculating to obtain the bridge span and support design index value;

[0051] if there is no similar work point adjusting the bridge span and the support or the bridge span and support design index value does not meet the design specification, manually adjusting the bridge span and the support until the corresponding design index value meets the specification, and storing the obtained design scheme into the scheme database.

[0052] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0053] 1. The present application integrates all parameters required for seamless line checking calculation through BIM model, and realizes the automatic process from parameter extraction to calculation result feedback, reducing human intervention.

[0054] 2. The unit rail section is arranged by parameter method, the length of the unit rail section is automatically adjusted, the welding joint is avoided to fall in the unfavorable foundation change area, and the redundancy is reasonably set, so that the rationality and safety of the arrangement are ensured.

[0055] 3. A general data exchange format is designed to enable seamless data interaction between the BIM model and the finite element calculation software, and the calculation results are automatically imported into the BIM model, avoiding secondary processing of data.

[0056] 4. After the calculation results are automatically fed back to the BIM model, the system can automatically generate drawings and reports that meet the design specifications, realizing a fully automated process from design to drawing and greatly improving work efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0057] Figure 1 The flowchart of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0058] The technical solutions of the present application will be further described in detail below in combination with the drawings and examples.

[0059] As shown in the drawings, Figure 1 The seamless line intelligent design method based on BIM of the present application includes the following steps:

[0060] S10, according to the design data, a railway BIM model containing line and bridge information is created.

[0061] S20, the modeling parameters are obtained from the railway BIM model obtained in S10, including the following steps:

[0062] S201, the name of the bridge in the region to be designed or the mileage range of the line is specified, the name of the bridge belongs to the name of the bridge in the railway BIM model, and the mileage range of the line belongs to the corresponding range in the railway BIM model.

[0063] S202, the name of the bridge or the mileage range of the line in S201 is standardized and converted into BIM model format data; the BIM model format data is used to locate the specific position of the region to be designed in the BIM model software.

[0064] S203, according to the BIM model format data obtained in S202, the modeling parameter values required for building a finite element calculation model are extracted from the railway BIM model.

[0065] S30, a finite element calculation model is established, including the following steps:

[0066] S301, first, the numerical values of the modeling parameters extracted in S203 are loaded into the finite element calculation software and associated with the corresponding types of the modeling parameters; then the element type used in the finite element calculation software and its corresponding material properties are specified, wherein:

[0067] The unit types include: the rail and the beam are specified to adopt the beam unit, and the fastener and the pier are specified to adopt the spring unit; the material attribute of the beam unit includes the beam unit elastic modulus and the beam unit linear expansion coefficient, and the material attribute of the spring unit is the spring unit elastic modulus.

[0068] The modeling parameters include: a rail elastic modulus, a rail cross-sectional area, a rail linear expansion coefficient, a rail temperature variation amplitude, a concrete beam daily temperature difference, a steel beam daily temperature difference, a bridge size and mileage end roadbed rail length, a broken rail position, a ballast or non-ballast track long resistance displacement parameter and a displacement value, a ballast or non-ballast track small resistance displacement parameter and a displacement value, a bridge span parameter, and a bridge material type.

[0069] S302, setting a model parameter of a finite element calculation model; the model parameter includes: a grid number, a grid density, a grid quality, a grid layout, and displacement coordination; and obtaining a finite element calculation model of a region to be designed.

[0070] S40, obtaining a design index value of the seamless line by using the related characteristics obtained by the finite element calculation model;

[0071] S401, extracting a value of a related characteristic of the seamless line in the finite element calculation model obtained in S30 by using a finite element calculation software; the related characteristic includes: a dynamic bending stress, a temperature stress, a rail additional stress, a rail braking stress, a beam surface longitudinal displacement and a rail longitudinal displacement;

[0072] S402, obtaining a design index value by using the related characteristic in S401 according to the region to be designed, wherein:

[0073] When the track form of the region to be designed is a non-ballast track, the design index value is a seamless line rail strength;

[0074] When the track form of the region to be designed is a ballast track, the design index value includes: a seamless line rail strength, a beam rail relative displacement and a seamless line stability.

[0075] (1) Seamless line rail strength is calculated by the following formula:

[0076]

[0077] Wherein: is a maximum dynamic bending stress of the rail (MPa); is a maximum temperature stress of the rail (MPa); is a maximum additional stress of the rail (MPa); is a maximum braking stress of the rail (MPa); is a rail allowable stress (MPa); K is a safety factor, which is determined according to the actual situation, and generally takes a value of 1.3. ​

[0078] (2) The relative displacement of the beam rail is obtained by subtracting the longitudinal displacement of the rail from the longitudinal displacement of the beam surface obtained through S401.

[0079] (3) The stability of the seamless line is calculated according to the method in Appendix B of the Design Specification for Railway Seamless Line (TB 10015-2012).

[0080] S50, adjust the design scheme according to the design index value until the design standard is met:

[0081] The design index value is used to measure whether the area to be designed meets the design standard. According to the results, the seamless line design scheme is adjusted, and the parameters are recalculated using the existing calculation model. The adjustment process is repeated, and the process is repeated until the design scheme meets the design standard, including the following steps:

[0082] S501, load the scheme database, which stores the design schemes of several work points in other projects;

[0083] S502, judge the design index value obtained in S40 according to the design specification; if it passes, it is stored in the scheme database and enters S60, if it does not pass, according to the work point information of the area to be designed, similar work points are selected from the scheme database;

[0084] If the similar work points use small resistance fasteners, extract the small resistance fastener setting scheme; otherwise, set the small resistance fastener setting range according to the small resistance fastener setting principle in the railway design specification;

[0085] Adjust the values of the modeling parameters in S203 using the small resistance fastener setting range or the small resistance fastener setting scheme, and recalculate to obtain the small resistance fastener design index value.

[0086] The small resistance fastener setting range supports manual adjustment to reduce design redundancy. The small resistance fastener setting range supports manual adjustment to reduce design redundancy; the judgment standard of the similar work points is that the corresponding bridge span is the same, the corresponding support arrangement is the same, and the environmental temperature difference degree;

[0087] S503, judge the small resistance fastener design index value obtained in S502 according to the design specification, if it passes, store the corresponding design scheme in the scheme database and enter S60, if it does not pass, judge whether the similar work points use expansion adjusters;

[0088] If the similar work site uses a telescopic adjuster, a telescopic adjuster setting scheme is extracted from the scheme database; otherwise, the telescopic adjuster range is selected according to the telescopic amount of the telescopic adjuster calculated by the finite element model;

[0089] The numerical value of the modeling parameter in S203 is adjusted using the telescopic adjuster setting scheme or the selected range, and the telescopic adjuster design index value is recalculated.

[0090] S504, according to the design specification, the telescopic adjuster design index value obtained in S503 is judged, if it is passed, the corresponding design scheme is stored in the scheme database and enters S60, if it is not passed, it is judged whether the similar work site adjusts the bridge span and support;

[0091] If the similar work site adjusts the bridge span and support, the bridge span and support setting scheme is extracted from the scheme database, and the numerical value of the modeling parameter in S203 is adjusted using the bridge span and support setting scheme, and finally the bridge span and support design index value is recalculated.

[0092] If there is no similar work site adjusting the bridge span and support or the bridge span and support design index value does not meet the design specification, the bridge span and support is manually adjusted until its corresponding design index value meets the specification, and the obtained design scheme is stored in the scheme database.

[0093] S60, the design scheme of the seamless line obtained in S50 is visualized and displayed in three dimensions by BIM model.

Claims

1. A BIM-based seamless route intelligent design method, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S10. Based on the design data, create a railway BIM model that includes information on the route and bridges; S20: Obtain the modeling parameters of the area to be designed from the railway BIM model obtained in S10; S30, Establish a finite element calculation model based on the modeling parameters; S40, calculate the design index value of the seamless line using the relevant characteristics obtained from the finite element calculation model; S50, Adjust the design scheme according to the design index values ​​until the design standards are met, including: The design scheme for the area to be designed was adjusted by individually setting small resistance fasteners, individually setting expansion joints, and individually adjusting the bridge span and supports in sequence. If the design index value of the seamless line meets the design specifications after completing one of the adjustments, then proceed to step S60; if the design specifications still cannot be met after the three adjustment methods are completed, then manually adjust the modeling parameters in step S20 until the corresponding design index value meets the design specifications, and then proceed to step S60. S60, the design scheme of the area to be designed obtained in S50 is displayed in three dimensions using BIM model; Step S50 includes the following steps: S501, Load the scheme database, which contains design schemes for several work sites in other projects. S502, judge the design index value obtained in S40 according to the design specifications; if it meets the design specifications, store it in the scheme database and jump to S60; if it does not meet the design specifications, select similar work points from the scheme database according to the work point information of the area to be designed. If the similar work sites use low-resistance fasteners, then extract the low-resistance fastener setting scheme; otherwise, set them according to the low-resistance fastener setting principles in the railway design specifications to obtain the low-resistance fastener setting range. The modeling parameters in S20 are adjusted using the small resistance fastener setting range or the small resistance fastener setting scheme, and the small resistance fastener design index value is recalculated. Specifically: the range of the low-resistance fastener setting supports manual adjustment to reduce design redundancy; the criteria for judging similar work sites are: the corresponding bridge span is the same, the corresponding support arrangement is the same, and the difference in ambient temperature is the same. Spend; S503, judge the design index value of the low resistance fastener obtained in S502 according to the design specification. If it meets the design specification, store the corresponding design scheme in the scheme database and enter S60. If it does not meet the design specification, judge whether the similar work point uses an extension adjuster. If the aforementioned work site uses a rail expansion joint, then the rail expansion joint setting scheme is extracted from the scheme database; otherwise, the range of the rail expansion joint is selected based on the rail expansion joint extension amount calculated in the finite element model. The modeling parameters in S20 are adjusted using the aforementioned telescopic adjuster setting scheme or the aforementioned selection, and the telescopic adjuster design index values ​​are recalculated. S504, judge the design index value of the expansion joint obtained in S503 according to the design specifications. If it meets the design specifications, store the corresponding design scheme in the scheme database and enter S60. If it does not meet the design specifications, judge whether the bridge span and supports have been adjusted at the similar construction sites. If the bridge span and bearings are adjusted at the similar work sites, the bridge span and bearing setting schemes are extracted from the scheme database, and the modeling parameters in S20 are adjusted using the bridge span and bearing setting schemes. Finally, the bridge span and bearing design index values ​​are recalculated. If there are no similar work sites where the bridge span and bearings have been adjusted, or if the design index values ​​of the bridge span and bearings do not meet the design specifications, then the bridge span and bearings are manually adjusted until their corresponding design index values ​​meet the design specifications, and the resulting design scheme is stored in the scheme database.

2. The BIM-based seamless route intelligent design method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step S20 includes the following sub-steps: S201 specifies the name of the bridge or the mileage range of the route in the area to be designed; S202 standardizes the names of bridges or the mileage range of routes in S201 and converts them into BIM model format data, which is used to locate the specific location of the area to be designed in the BIM model software. S203, Based on the mileage format data obtained in S202, extract the modeling parameter values ​​required for constructing the finite element calculation model from the railway BIM model.

3. The BIM-based seamless route intelligent design method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The names of the bridges mentioned in S201 belong to the names of the bridges within the railway BIM model, and the mileage range of the line belongs to the corresponding range within the railway BIM model.

4. The BIM-based seamless route intelligent design method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step S30 It includes the following steps: S301, First, load the modeling parameter values ​​extracted in S20 into the finite element calculation software and associate them with the corresponding modeling parameters; Then specify the element type and its corresponding material properties used in the finite element calculation software, where: The specified unit types include: specifying that rails and beams use beam units, and specifying that fasteners and piers use spring units; the material properties of the beam units include the elastic modulus of the beam unit and the coefficient of linear expansion of the beam unit, and the material property of the spring units is the elastic modulus of the spring unit; S302, set the model parameters of the finite element calculation model and obtain the finite element calculation model of the region to be designed. The model parameters include: number of meshes, mesh density, mesh quality, mesh layout, and displacement compatibility.

5. The BIM-based seamless route intelligent design method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The modeling parameters in S301 include: rail elastic modulus, rail cross-sectional area, rail linear expansion coefficient, rail temperature variation range, daily temperature difference of concrete beams, daily temperature difference of steel beams, rail length of the roadbed at both the major and minor mileage ends of the bridge, rail break location, long resistance displacement parameters and displacement values ​​of ballasted or ballastless tracks, small resistance displacement parameters and displacement values ​​of ballasted or ballastless tracks, bridge span parameters, and bridge material type.

6. The BIM-based seamless route intelligent design method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step S40 includes the following steps: The relevant characteristic values ​​of the seamless track are extracted from the finite element calculation model obtained in S30 using finite element calculation software. Based on the area to be designed, the rail strength of the seamless track is calculated using these relevant characteristics. The relative displacement of the beam and rail or the stability of the seamless track, the relevant characteristics include: dynamic bending stress, temperature stress, additional stress on the rail, braking stress on the rail, longitudinal displacement of the beam surface and longitudinal displacement of the rail, wherein: Seamless rail strength Calculated using the following formula: ； in: This represents the maximum dynamic bending stress of the rail. This represents the maximum temperature stress of the rail. This represents the maximum additional stress on the rail. This represents the maximum braking stress of the rail. The yield strength of the rail steel; The safety factor should be determined based on the actual situation. The relative displacement between the beam and the rail is obtained by subtracting the longitudinal displacement of the rail from the longitudinal displacement of the beam surface obtained through S40.

7. The BIM-based seamless route intelligent design method according to claim 6, characterized in that: When the track type of the area to be designed is ballastless track, the design index is the strength of seamless track rails; When the track type of the area to be designed is ballasted track, the design indicators include: the strength of seamless track rails, the relative displacement between beams and rails, and the stability of seamless track.

8. The BIM-based seamless route intelligent design method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The safety factor Take 1.3.

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