Lightning damage cause diagnosis and lightning protection measure optimization method and system, medium and equipment

Abstract

The invention discloses a lightning damage cause diagnosis and lightning protection measure optimization method and system, a medium and equipment, and the method comprises the steps: determining a plurality of parameters which affect a lightning trip-out rate, and determining a reference interval of each parameter; performing normalization processing on each parameter based on the reference interval of each parameter; gradient values of all the parameters are calculated based on all the normalized parameters, and the larger the gradient values are, the corresponding parameters are diagnosed as main factors of lightning damage causes; corresponding counterattack measures or shielding failure measures are adopted for the parameters according to the gradient values of the parameters, and the lightning trip-out rate after optimization measures are adopted is calculated; and judging whether the lightning trip-out rate after the optimization measures are taken reaches a preset standard or not, and determining the optimization measures taken for the parameters as optimal comprehensive measures when the lightning trip-out rate is judged to reach the preset standard. According to the invention, the lightning damage cause can be diagnosed efficiently and accurately, and the optimal lightning protection measure can be proposed efficiently and accurately.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of optimization of lightning protection measures for power transmission lines, and in particular to a method, system, medium and equipment for diagnosing causes of lightning damage and optimizing lightning protection measures. Background Art

[0002] Transmission lines are the basic components of power grids, and their safe operation is of great significance to the safety of power grids. However, the terrain of transmission corridors is quite complex, and the landforms and meteorological conditions along the corridors are extremely diverse. Their safe operation and maintenance are largely threatened by lightning damage. Related studies have shown that the terrain, line structure, and differences in lightning activity intensity along the transmission lines may lead to different risks of lightning accidents. In addition, the parameters of the towers themselves are the decisive factors for the risk of lightning damage. Therefore, according to the voltage level and single and double circuit conditions of the transmission lines, based on the differences in lightning activity intensity, topographical features, and line structural parameters of the line corridors, in-depth research on the causes and measures of line lightning damage intelligent diagnosis is carried out, and the establishment of a scientific and standardized intelligent recommendation method for optimization measures is of great significance to the safe and stable operation of the power grid.

[0003] The current research on the diagnosis of the causes of lightning damage and the proposal of lightning protection measures mostly relies on manual work, which requires manual analysis of the line or tower based on environmental parameters, tower parameters and lightning tripping rate. This leads to low efficiency and may be affected by subjective judgment. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention aims to solve the technical problems in the related art at least to a certain extent. To this end, the first object of the present invention is to provide a method for diagnosing the causes of lightning damage and optimizing lightning protection measures, which can efficiently and accurately diagnose the causes of lightning damage and propose the optimal lightning protection measures.

[0005] The second object of the present invention is to provide a system for diagnosing the causes of lightning damage and optimizing lightning protection measures.

[0006] A third object of the present invention is to provide a computer-readable storage medium.

[0007] A fourth object of the present invention is to provide an electronic device.

[0008] To achieve the above object, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions:

[0009] A method for diagnosing the causes of lightning damage and optimizing lightning protection measures, comprising:

[0010] Determine multiple parameters that affect the lightning trip rate and determine the reference range of each parameter;

[0011] Each parameter was normalized based on its reference interval;

[0012] The gradient value of each parameter is calculated based on the normalized parameters, wherein the larger the gradient value is, the more likely the corresponding parameter is to be the main cause of the lightning damage;

[0013] Take corresponding countermeasures or bypass measures for each parameter according to the gradient value of each parameter, and calculate the lightning trip rate after taking the optimization measures;

[0014] It is determined whether the lightning tripping rate after taking the optimization measures reaches the preset standard. When it is determined that the preset standard is reached, the optimization measures taken for each parameter are determined as the optimal comprehensive measures.

[0015] Preferably, the multiple parameters affecting the lightning trip rate include ground resistance, insulator string length, tower height, lightning conductor protection angle, ground inclination angle and ground lightning density.

[0016] Preferably, for the grounding resistance parameter, a normalization process is performed after a logarithmic operation is performed on the grounding resistance parameter.

[0017] Preferably, the gradient value of each parameter is calculated based on each parameter after normalization, including:

[0018] Taking the ground inclination angle and ground lightning density as constants, determine the function of lightning trip rate with respect to ground resistance, insulator string length, tower height and lightning conductor protection angle;

[0019] For the four parameters of ground resistance, insulator string length, tower height and lightning conductor protection angle, calculate the change in lightning trip rate after increasing the preset optimization step size for each parameter;

[0020] Calculate the sum of squares of changes in lightning trip rate after increasing the preset optimization step size for each parameter;

[0021] The gradient value of each parameter is determined based on the change in the lightning trip rate after the preset optimization step size is increased for each parameter and the square sum.

[0022] Preferably, the corresponding gradient value of each parameter is adjusted to take corresponding countermeasures or bypass measures for each parameter.

[0023] Preferably, when the lightning tripping rate after taking optimization measures does not reach the preset standard and the number of optimizations reaches the upper limit of the number of optimizations, measures are taken to install lightning arresters on the pole towers.

[0024] Preferably, when the lightning trip rate after taking optimization measures does not reach the preset standard and the number of optimizations does not reach the upper limit of the number of optimizations, return to the step of calculating the change in the lightning trip rate after increasing the preset optimization step for each parameter to calculate the gradient value of each parameter again.

[0025] To achieve the above-mentioned object, the second aspect of the present invention provides a system for diagnosing the causes of lightning damage and optimizing lightning protection measures, comprising:

[0026] A determination module, used to determine multiple parameters affecting the lightning trip rate and determine a reference range for each parameter;

[0027] A first solution module, used for normalizing each parameter based on a reference interval of each parameter;

[0028] The second solution module is used to calculate the gradient value of each parameter based on the normalized parameters, wherein the larger the gradient value is, the more likely the corresponding parameter is to be diagnosed as the main factor causing the lightning damage;

[0029] A processing module, used for taking corresponding countermeasures or bypass measures for each parameter according to the gradient value of each parameter;

[0030] The third solution module is used to calculate the lightning trip rate after taking optimization measures;

[0031] A judgment module is used to judge whether the lightning trip rate after taking optimization measures reaches a preset standard;

[0032] The evaluation module is used to determine the optimization measures taken for each parameter as the best comprehensive measures when it is determined that the lightning tripping rate after the optimization measures are taken reaches a preset standard.

[0033] To achieve the above-mentioned object, the third aspect of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the above-mentioned method for diagnosing the cause of lightning damage and optimizing lightning protection measures is implemented.

[0034] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the fourth aspect of the present invention provides an electronic device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein when the processor executes the computer program, the above-mentioned method for diagnosing the cause of lightning damage and optimizing lightning protection measures is implemented.

[0035] The present invention has at least the following technical effects:

[0036] (1) The method for diagnosing the causes of lightning damage and optimizing lightning protection measures provided by the present invention considers more parameters and richer factors, so the accuracy and reliability of diagnosing the causes of lightning damage and optimizing lightning protection measures are higher.

[0037] (2) The present invention uses a normalization method to process each parameter to eliminate the dimension and amplitude differences of each parameter, and then establishes a lightning trip rate function based on the normalized parameters, and calculates the gradient value of each parameter based on the lightning trip rate function and the gradient concept, thereby facilitating the optimization of lightning protection measures based on the gradient values ​​of each parameter.

[0038] (3) The present invention is based on the gradient concept and can calculate the gradient value of each parameter. Then, based on the gradient value of each parameter, the cause of lightning damage can be automatically analyzed without relying on manual labor. Therefore, this method is less affected by subjective judgment.

[0039] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be given in part in the following description and in part will be obvious from the following description, or will be learned through practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] Figure 1 The present invention is a flowchart of a method for diagnosing the cause of lightning damage and optimizing lightning protection measures according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 2 The present invention provides a general flow chart for the implementation of the method for diagnosing the causes of lightning damage and optimizing lightning protection measures according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The present embodiment is described in detail below, and examples of the embodiment are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to be used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0043] The following describes the method, system, medium and equipment for diagnosing the cause of lightning damage and optimizing lightning protection measures of this embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0044] Figure 1 Flow chart of the method for diagnosing the cause of lightning damage and optimizing lightning protection measures according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 As shown, the method includes:

[0045] Step S101: determining a plurality of parameters that affect the lightning tripping rate, and determining a reference range of each parameter.

[0046] Among them, the multiple parameters that affect the lightning tripping rate include grounding resistance, insulator string length, tower height, lightning protection angle, ground inclination and ground lightning density.

[0047] In this embodiment, according to relevant standards and based on line statistical data, reference intervals can be selected for six parameters, namely, ground resistance, insulator string length, tower height, lightning protection angle, ground inclination, and ground lightning density, as normalized reference values. The reference interval can basically cover the reasonable range of the parameters and exclude individual extreme data.

[0048] Specifically, the reference ranges of grounding resistance, insulator string length, tower height, lightning protection angle, ground inclination and ground flash density can be determined based on the standard "110kV~750kV Overhead Transmission Line Design Code (GB50545-2010)" and actual tower statistical data.

[0049] For example, based on the statistical data of 97 towers in the 110kV Songxunyuan line, 139 towers in the 220kV Songyu line, and 187 towers in the 500kV Yiquanyi line, the tower height distribution at each voltage level was obtained and Gaussian fitting was performed on it, and the reference range of the tower height was determined based on the three-sigma principle (Laida criterion) of normal distribution.

[0050] Afterwards, according to statistics, based on the left and right ground inclination angles of 2000 towers, including 1228 towers in 433 110kV lines such as Puzheng Line, 523 towers in 201 220kV lines such as Baizhu Line, and 258 towers in 80 500kV lines such as Ajinjia Line, Gaussian curve fitting was used to determine the reference range of the ground inclination angle based on the three-sigma principle of normal distribution.

[0051] Finally, according to DL / T 1533-2016 “Method for Drawing Minefield Distribution Map of Power System” and combined with the statistical data of ground-to-ground lightning density, 11.0 times / (km2·a) was selected as the worst value of ground-to-ground lightning density, and the optimal value of ground-to-ground lightning density was 0 times / (km2·a), thus determining the reference range of ground-to-ground lightning density.

[0052] Step S102: normalize each parameter based on its reference interval.

[0053] In this embodiment, based on the reference intervals of the parameters in step S101, each parameter can be further normalized to eliminate the dimension and amplitude differences of each parameter, which serves as a basis for analyzing the causes of lightning damage and optimizing measures.

[0054] Specifically, if the insulator string length, tower height, lightning protection angle, ground inclination, and ground lightning density are taken as the first parameter, and the ground resistance is taken as the second parameter, then the first parameter is:

[0055]

[0056] In the formula, Indicates the first parameter per unit value, x 1 Indicates the first parameter before the per-unit value, x 1 best and x 1 worstThey refer to the optimal value and the worst value of the reference interval of the first parameter under the current voltage level and single and double circuit conditions. Among them, for the ground inclination, the maximum ground inclination is selected to calculate the per unit value of the ground inclination.

[0057] For the grounding resistance, the second parameter, it is more in line with the actual situation to take logarithmic calculation and then normalize it. For the grounding resistance, there are:

[0058]

[0059] In the formula, Indicates the per unit value of ground resistance parameter, x 2 Indicates the ground resistance parameter before taking the per-unit value, x 2 best and x 2 worst They respectively refer to the optimal and worst values ​​of the reference range of the ground resistance parameter.

[0060] The normalization method based on the parameter reference interval makes it possible to compare the quality of parameters under different dimensions. When the per-unit value is 0, it corresponds to the worst value of the parameter reference interval; when the per-unit value is 1, it corresponds to the optimal value of the parameter reference interval. For example, the reference interval of the grounding resistance is 5 to 30Ω, where 5Ω is the optimal value and 30Ω is the worst value. The per-unit value of 5Ω after normalization is 1, and the per-unit value of 30Ω after normalization is 0. In this embodiment, when the per-unit value is less than 1, the difference between the current parameter per-unit value and 1 can represent the distance between the current parameter state and the good state, and can characterize the degree to which the bad condition of the parameter affects the level of lightning damage risk. For parameters whose per-unit values ​​are greater than or equal to 1, it can be considered that they have reached a good state and are not considered to be the cause of the high risk of lightning damage.

[0061] Step S103: Calculate the gradient value of each parameter based on the normalized parameters, wherein the larger the gradient value is, the more likely the corresponding parameter is diagnosed as the main factor causing the lightning damage.

[0062] In this embodiment, the gradient value of each parameter is calculated based on the normalized parameters, including: taking the ground inclination angle and the ground lightning density as constants, determining the function of the lightning trip rate with respect to the ground resistance, the insulator string length, the pole tower height and the lightning conductor protection angle; for the four parameters of the ground resistance, the insulator string length, the pole tower height and the lightning conductor protection angle, calculating the change in the lightning trip rate after each parameter is increased by a preset optimization step; calculating the sum of squares of the change in the lightning trip rate after each parameter is increased by a preset optimization step; determining the gradient value of each parameter based on the change in the lightning trip rate after each parameter is increased by a preset optimization step and the sum of squares.

[0063] Specifically, the ground inclination angle and ground lightning density are taken as constants, and the lightning trip rate of the tower is regarded as a function of multiple independent variables such as ground resistance, insulator string length, tower height, and lightning protection angle. If there is a function z = f (x, y) with a first-order continuous partial derivative on the plane area D, e = {cos α, cos β} is a unit vector in the direction l, and its rate of change in the direction l can be expressed by the following formula:

[0064]

[0065] Among them, f represents function z, x and y are the independent variables of function z, and α and β are two direction angles used to determine the direction of the unit vector.

[0066] Therefore, when the selected unit vector e = {cosα, cosβ} and When in the same direction, has a maximum value. And the vector It is called the gradient of the function z = f(x,y) at point P(x,y), denoted by gradf(x,y) or Therefore, the function has the largest rate of change along the gradient direction at a point.

[0067] Furthermore, the lightning trip rate is locally linearized, and the grounding resistance, insulator string length, tower height, and lightning protection angle are all changed by one unit length in the linear neighborhood. The partial derivative is characterized by calculating the rate of change of the lightning trip rate, and the gradient direction of the lightning trip rate in the current state can be obtained. The lightning trip rate in this gradient direction has the largest change rate, and the lightning trip rate can be reduced most efficiently. In other words, in order to reduce a certain amount of lightning trip rate, when moving in the gradient direction, the target point is closest to the original state point, and the degree of change to the tower is the smallest, so it can be considered to be the most efficient.

[0068] Based on the idea of ​​the above gradient method, a linear first-order approximation is first performed in a certain neighborhood, and the rate of change of the lightning tripping rate is used to represent the partial derivative, as shown in the following formula:

[0069]

[0070] in, is the gradient value of the lightning trip rate function with respect to each parameter, are the normalized per unit values ​​of ground resistance, insulator string length, tower height, and lightning protection angle, respectively. w0, x0, y0, and z0 represent the ground resistance, insulator string length, tower height, and lightning protection angle, respectively. is the lightning trip rate function, Optimize the per unit value of ground resistance The lightning trip rate function value after the change, is the change in the per-unit value of ground resistance, Optimize the per unit value of insulator string length The lightning trip rate function value after the change, is the change in the per-unit value of the insulator string length, Optimize the per unit value of tower height The lightning trip rate function value after the change, is the change in the per unit value of the tower height, Optimization of the angle per unit value of lightning protection line The lightning trip rate function value after the change, is the change in the unit value of the lightning protection angle, The lightning trip rate function value when each variable takes the current per-unit value.

[0071] Since the above analysis is based on the premise of first-order approximation of the lightning tripping rate function in the neighborhood of the state point, a multi-round optimization and iterative solution scheme is adopted.

[0072] According to the results of multiple tests, it is found that taking a value of 0.1 per unit as the optimization step length, i.e. the amount of change, has a better effect. That is, after taking the per unit value, each parameter moves 0.1 length in the direction of the coordinate axis to calculate the rate of change of the lightning tripping rate to determine the gradient, and the comprehensive measures move 0.1 length in the gradient direction as the optimization amplitude of each round, as shown in the following formula:

[0073]

[0074] in, They represent the per-unit changes of ground resistance, insulator string length, tower height, and lightning conductor protection angle in the first single optimization measure. They represent the per-unit changes of ground resistance, insulator string length, tower height, and lightning protection angle in the second single optimization measure. They represent the per-unit changes of ground resistance, insulator string length, tower height, and lightning protection angle in the third individual optimization measure. They represent the per-unit changes of ground resistance, insulator string length, tower height, and lightning protection angle in the fourth individual optimization measure. They represent the per unit value changes of ground resistance, insulator string length, tower height, and lightning protection angle in the comprehensive measures. They respectively represent the unit vectors of ground resistance, insulator string length, tower height and lightning conductor protection angle in the comprehensive measures.

[0075] It can be understood that the first single optimization measure is to optimize only the grounding resistance, and the second single optimization measure is to optimize only the insulator string length, while the fifth comprehensive measure is to optimize all parameters. When optimizing all parameters, it is necessary to determine the gradient value of each parameter, that is, the change in the per-unit value, that is, to determine

[0076] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the optimal value of each parameter reference interval can be selected as the optimization threshold. If a parameter has reached the threshold, it is regarded as a constant, that is, the lightning trip rate function is reduced by one dimension, and only the gradient formed by other parameters is studied, and the measures for this parameter no longer appear in the comprehensive measures.

[0077] Although formula (4) represents the gradient of the lightning trip rate function with respect to each parameter, in order to directly obtain the gradient value of each parameter in the comprehensive measure, it can be obtained by the following method.

[0078] Specifically, in the gradient expression given by equation (5), due to The values ​​are The values ​​are all 0.1, and the relationship between the gradients of the parameters in the comprehensive measures can be obtained, as shown in formula (6):

[0079]

[0080] in, The lightning trip rate function value after the ground resistance per unit value is optimized to 0.1, that is, the preset optimization step size, The lightning trip rate function value after the per unit value of the insulator string length is optimized to 0.1, The lightning trip rate function value after optimizing the tower height per unit value to 0.1, The lightning trip rate function value after optimizing the per-unit value of the lightning protection angle to 0.1.

[0081] The expressions of the gradient components in the comprehensive measures can be obtained by formula (6), and the ground resistance gradient components in the comprehensive measures are For example:

[0082]

[0083] Therefore, for the four parameters of grounding resistance, insulator string length, tower height and lightning conductor protection angle, the change in lightning trip rate after each parameter is increased by a preset optimization step of 0.1 is calculated, and the square sum of the change in lightning trip rate after each parameter is increased by the preset optimization step is calculated. Then, based on the change in lightning trip rate after each parameter is increased by the preset optimization step and the square sum, the gradient value of each parameter, that is, the gradient component of each parameter, can be determined. Therefore, the gradient value of each parameter can be directly determined by formula (7).

[0084] Step S104: taking corresponding countermeasures or shielding measures for each parameter according to the gradient value of each parameter, and calculating the lightning tripping rate after taking the optimization measures.

[0085] Specifically, the corresponding gradient value of each parameter can be adjusted to take corresponding countermeasures or bypass measures for each parameter. For example, when Δw5 is calculated to be 0.05 and Δx5 is 0.01, the optimization step size of the grounding resistance and the insulator string length is increased by 0.05 and 0.01 respectively. Of course, corresponding optimization measures will also be taken for the gradient value of the tower height and the lightning protection angle. Figure 2 As shown in the figure, take corresponding countermeasures for grounding resistance, insulator string length, and tower height, and take shielding measures for lightning protection angle. Then, calculate the lightning trip rate after taking the comprehensive measures and make a judgment.

[0086] It should be noted that the larger the gradient value, the more likely the corresponding parameter is to be diagnosed as the main cause of lightning damage. For example, if the calculated result of Δw5 is the largest, then the surface grounding resistance is the main cause of lightning damage, so the optimization effort is also the largest. Therefore, the diagnosis of the cause of lightning damage can be realized based on the gradient concept.

[0087] Step S105: Determine whether the lightning trip rate after taking the optimization measures reaches a preset standard. When it is determined that the preset standard is reached, determine the optimization measures taken for each parameter as the optimal comprehensive measures.

[0088] Among them, if the lightning trip rate after taking the optimization measures does not reach the preset standard, and the number of optimizations reaches the upper limit of the optimization times, take measures to install lightning arresters on the tower. If the lightning trip rate after taking the optimization measures does not reach the preset standard, and the number of optimizations does not reach the upper limit of the optimization times, return to the step of calculating the change in the lightning trip rate after increasing the preset optimization step size for each parameter, so as to calculate the gradient value of each parameter again.

[0089] In this embodiment, the upper limit value of lightning risk level II specified in "Q GDW 11452-2015 Guidelines for Lightning Protection of Overhead Transmission Lines" can be used as the expected level, which is adapted to the preset optimization step size of 0.1 per unit value. It is considered that the optimization upper limit is reached when the general optimization times are 3 times, and the iteration is exited when the expected level, that is, the preset standard or the optimization upper limit, is reached.

[0090] The entire optimization process of this method is completed in an iterative manner to ensure that a single optimization measure falls within the range that can be linearly approximated. First, the lightning trip rate is calculated for the initial state to determine whether it meets the preset standard. If so, the iteration is exited. If not, optimization is required. Then determine whether the upper limit of the number of optimizations has been reached. If so, the tower should be equipped with an arrester. If not, continue to optimize the measures. Then, select the corresponding 0.1 per unit value amplitude measures according to the voltage level and the single and double circuit conditions, and determine whether each parameter reaches the optimization threshold. If so, the parameter is not considered for optimization. If not, the lightning trip rate after parameter optimization is calculated. Then, the change range of the lightning trip rate after each parameter optimization is obtained by subtracting it from the lightning trip rate in the initial state, and then the gradient value of each parameter is obtained based on the gradient method, and then corresponding comprehensive measures are taken, and the tower parameters after taking the comprehensive measures are used as the initial state of the new round, and then the lightning trip rate of the initial state of the new round after taking the comprehensive measures is calculated, and then the preset standard is judged until the lightning trip rate of the initial state of the new round reaches the preset standard, or reaches the upper limit of the optimization times, then the optimization process is exited, as shown in the following example. Figure 2 shown.

[0091] Therefore, this method is based on the gradient idea, combines the ground inclination angle and ground lightning density as constants, regards the tower lightning tripping rate as a function of multiple independent variables such as grounding resistance, insulator string length, tower height, and lightning conductor protection angle, and then uses an iterative method to continuously determine the current comprehensive optimization direction with the gradient idea, striving to minimize the change in parameter state at the cost, thereby realizing intelligent optimization of lightning protection measures based on the gradient idea.

[0092] Furthermore, the present invention also provides a system for diagnosing the causes of lightning damage and optimizing lightning protection measures, including a determination module, a first solution module, a second solution module, a processing module, a third solution module, a judgment module and an evaluation module connected in sequence.

[0093] Among them, the determination module is used to determine multiple parameters that affect the lightning trip-out rate, and determine the reference interval of each parameter; the first solution module is used to normalize each parameter based on the reference interval of each parameter; the second solution module is used to calculate the gradient value of each parameter based on the normalized parameters, wherein the larger the gradient value, the more the corresponding parameter is diagnosed as the main factor causing the lightning damage; the processing module is used to take corresponding countermeasures or bypass measures for each parameter according to the gradient value of each parameter; the third solution module is used to calculate the lightning trip-out rate after taking optimization measures; the judgment module is used to judge whether the lightning trip-out rate after taking optimization measures reaches the preset standard; the evaluation module is used to determine the optimization measures taken for each parameter as the optimal comprehensive measures when it is determined that the lightning trip-out rate after taking optimization measures reaches the preset standard.

[0094] It should be noted that the specific implementation of the lightning damage cause diagnosis and lightning protection measure optimization system of this embodiment can refer to the specific implementation of the lightning damage cause diagnosis and lightning protection measure optimization method mentioned above, and will not be repeated here to avoid redundancy.

[0095] In summary, the method for diagnosing the cause of lightning damage and optimizing lightning protection measures provided by the present invention considers more parameters and richer factors, so the accuracy and reliability of diagnosing the cause of lightning damage and optimizing lightning protection measures are higher; the present invention adopts a normalization method to process each parameter, eliminates the dimension and amplitude differences of each parameter, and then establishes a lightning trip rate function based on the normalized parameters, and calculates the gradient value of each parameter based on the lightning trip rate function and the gradient concept, so as to facilitate the optimization of lightning protection measures based on the gradient value of each parameter; based on the gradient concept, the present invention can calculate the gradient value of each parameter, and then automatically analyze the cause of lightning damage based on the gradient value of each parameter, and no longer needs to rely on manual labor, so the method is less affected by subjective judgment.

[0096] Furthermore, the present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium on which a computer program is stored. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the above-mentioned method for diagnosing the cause of lightning damage and optimizing lightning protection measures is implemented.

[0097] Furthermore, the present invention also provides an electronic device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the computer program, the above-mentioned method for diagnosing the cause of lightning damage and optimizing lightning protection measures is implemented.

[0098] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "comprise a ..." do not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the elements.

[0099] Although the content of the present invention has been described in detail through the above preferred embodiments, it should be appreciated that the above description should not be considered as a limitation of the present invention. After reading the above content, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and substitutions of the present invention will occur. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be limited by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for diagnosing the causes of lightning damage and optimizing lightning protection measures, characterized in that: include: Determine multiple parameters that affect the lightning trip rate and determine the reference range of each parameter; Each parameter was normalized based on its reference interval; The gradient value of each parameter is calculated based on the normalized parameters. The larger the gradient value, the more likely the corresponding parameter is to be the main cause of the lightning damage. Take corresponding countermeasures or shielding measures for each parameter according to the gradient value of each parameter, and calculate the lightning trip rate after taking the optimized measures; It is determined whether the lightning tripping rate after the optimization measures have reached the preset standard. When it is determined that the preset standard has been reached, the optimization measures taken for each parameter are determined as the optimal comprehensive measures.

2. The method for diagnosing the causes of lightning damage and optimizing lightning protection measures according to claim 1, characterized in that: Multiple parameters that affect the lightning trip rate include ground resistance, insulator string length, tower height, lightning conductor protection angle, ground inclination and ground flash density.

3. The method for diagnosing the causes of lightning damage and optimizing lightning protection measures according to claim 2, wherein: For the grounding resistance parameter, a logarithmic operation is performed on the grounding resistance parameter and then a normalization process is performed.

4. The method for diagnosing the causes of lightning damage and optimizing lightning protection measures according to claim 1, wherein: Calculate the gradient value of each parameter based on the normalized parameters, including: Taking the ground inclination angle and ground-to-ground lightning density as constants, determine the lightning trip rate as a function of ground resistance, insulator string length, tower height, and lightning conductor protection angle. For the four parameters of ground resistance, insulator string length, tower height and lightning conductor protection angle, calculate the change in lightning trip rate after increasing the preset optimization step size for each parameter; Calculate the sum of squares of the changes in the lightning trip rate after increasing the preset optimization step size for each parameter; The gradient value of each parameter is determined based on the change in the lightning trip rate after the preset optimization step size is increased for each parameter and the square sum.

5. The method for diagnosing the causes of lightning damage and optimizing lightning protection measures according to claim 4, characterized in that: Adjust the corresponding gradient value of each parameter to take corresponding countermeasures or bypass measures for each parameter.

6. The method for diagnosing the causes of lightning damage and optimizing lightning protection measures according to claim 4, characterized in that: If the lightning tripping rate after optimization measures are taken does not reach the preset standard and the number of optimizations reaches the upper limit of optimization times, measures will be taken to install lightning arresters on the pole towers.

7. The method for diagnosing the causes of lightning damage and optimizing lightning protection measures according to claim 6, characterized in that: When the lightning trip rate after taking the optimization measures does not reach the preset standard and the number of optimizations does not reach the upper limit of the optimization number, return to the step of calculating the change in the lightning trip rate after increasing the preset optimization step size for each parameter to recalculate the gradient value of each parameter.

8. A system for diagnosing the causes of lightning damage and optimizing lightning protection measures, characterized by: include: A determination module, used to determine multiple parameters that affect the lightning trip rate and determine a reference range for each parameter; A first solving module is used to normalize each parameter based on a reference interval of each parameter; The second solution module is used to calculate the gradient value of each parameter based on the normalized parameters, wherein the larger the gradient value, the more likely the corresponding parameter is to be the main factor causing the lightning damage; A processing module, configured to take corresponding countermeasures or bypass measures for each parameter according to the gradient value of each parameter; The third solution module is used to calculate the lightning trip rate after taking optimization measures; A judgment module is used to judge whether the lightning trip rate after taking optimization measures reaches the preset standard; The evaluation module is used to determine the optimization measures taken for each parameter as the optimal comprehensive measures when it is determined that the lightning tripping rate after the optimization measures are taken reaches a preset standard.

9. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, the method for diagnosing the cause of lightning damage and optimizing lightning protection measures according to any one of claims 1 to 7 is implemented.

10. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein: When the processor executes the computer program, the method for diagnosing the cause of lightning damage and optimizing lightning protection measures according to any one of claims 1 to 7 is implemented.

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